Filed pursuant to Rule 252(f)(2)
File No. 024-12488
This Post-Qualification Offering Circular Amendment No. 1 amends the Offering Circular of Starfighters Space, Inc. qualified on September 6, 2024, to add, update and/or replace information contained in the Offering Circular. This Amendment includes audited consolidated financial statements for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, and updates certain disclosures in the previously qualified Offering Circular. In particular, this Amendment consolidates disclosures made in all Form 1-U, Form 1-SA, Form 253(g) and Form 1-K filings made on behalf of the Company since September 6, 2024, as appropriate, and maintains the qualification of the offering beyond twelve months from the original qualification date.
AN OFFERING STATEMENT PURSUANT TO REGULATION A RELATING TO THESE SECURITIES HAS BEEN FILED WITH THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION. INFORMATION CONTAINED IN THIS PRELIMINARY OFFERING CIRCULAR IS SUBJECT TO COMPLETION OR AMENDMENT. THESE SECURITIES MAY NOT BE SOLD NOR MAY OFFERS TO BUY BE ACCEPTED BEFORE THE OFFERING STATEMENT FILED WITH THE COMMISSION IS QUALIFIED. THIS PRELIMINARY OFFERING CIRCULAR SHALL NOT CONSTITUTE AN OFFER TO SELL OR THE SOLICITATION OF AN OFFER TO BUY NOR MAY THERE BE ANY SALES OF THESE SECURITIES IN ANY STATE IN WHICH SUCH OFFER, SOLICITATION OR SALE WOULD BE UNLAWFUL BEFORE REGISTRATION OR QUALIFICATION UNDER THE LAWS OF SUCH STATE. THE COMPANY MAY ELECT TO SATISFY ITS OBLIGATION TO DELIVER A FINAL OFFERING CIRCULAR BY SENDING YOU A NOTICE WITHIN TWO BUSINESS DAYS AFTER THE COMPLETION OF THE COMPANY'S SALE TO YOU THAT CONTAINS THE URL WHERE THE FINAL OFFERING CIRCULAR OR THE OFFERING STATEMENT IN WHICH SUCH FINAL OFFERING CIRCULAR WAS FILED MAY BE OBTAINED.
REGULATION A OFFERING CIRCULAR UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933
PRELIMINARY OFFERING CIRCULAR
SUBJECT TO COMPLETION, DATED AUGUST 26, 2025

_____________________________________
STARFIGHTERS SPACE, INC.
Reusable Launch Vehicle Hangar, Hangar Rd
Cape Canaveral, FL, 32920
321-261-0900
www.starfightersspace.com
Up to 11,142,061 Shares of Common Stock
Agent Warrants for the purchase of up to 111,420 Shares of Common Stock
Up to 111,420 Shares of Common Stock underlying Agent Warrants
Price: $3.59 per Share
| Price to Public | Discount and commissions(1) |
Proceeds to Company |
Proceeds to other persons |
|||||||||
| Per Share | $ | 3.59 | $ | 0.2693 | $ | 3.32 | $ | 0.1786 | ||||
| Total Maximum of Public Offering | $ | 39,999,998.99 | (2) | $ | 1,834,020.68 | (3) | $ | 38,165,978.31 | $ | 1,990,000 | (4) | |
| Agent Warrants(5) | $ | 399,997.80 | $ | N/A | $ | 399,997.80 | (6) | $ | N/A | |||
| Per Share of Common Stock underlying Agent Warrants | $ | 3.59 | $ | N/A | $ | 3.59 | $ | N/A | ||||
| Total Maximum | $ | 40,399,996.79 | $ | 1,834,020.68 | $ | 38,565,976.11 | $ | 1,990,000 |
(1) We have engaged Digital Offering, LLC ("Digital Offering" or the "Lead Selling Agent") to act as lead selling agent (the "Selling Agent") to offer the shares of our Common Stock (the "Shares") to prospective investors in this offering (the "Offering") on a "best efforts" basis, which means that there is no guarantee that any minimum amount will be received by us in this Offering. In addition, the Selling Agent may engage one or more sub-agents or selected dealers to assist in its marketing efforts (Digital Offering, together with such sub-agents and/or dealers collectively, the "Selling Agents"). Digital Offering is not purchasing the Shares offered by us and is not required to sell any specific number or dollar amount of Shares in this Offering before a closing occurs.
(2) Total Offering price to the public is approximately $40,000,000, being the value of 11,142,061 shares of Common Stock for sale to investors at the Offering price of $3.59 per Share. The Offering commenced on September 6, 2024, and a total of 4,996,697 Shares have been sold, leaving a balance of 6,145,364 Shares available for sale pursuant to the Offering.
(3) We have paid a cash commission of 1.0% to Digital Offering on the sale of Shares in this Offering to date. We will pay a cash commission of 7.5% to Digital Offering on sales of the remaining Shares in this Offering from the date hereof and we will issue warrants (the "Agent Warrants") to Digital Offering to purchase that number of Shares equal to 1% of the total number of Shares sold in this Offering. Digital Offering has agreed to remit $140,000 of this cash commission to the Company as a rebate to be applied towards the Company's platform and marketing fees. The Agent Warrants and the Shares underlying the Agent Warrants will not be transferable for a period of six months after the date of Closing of the Offering (in compliance with FINRA Rule 5110(e)(1)) and the Agent Warrants will expire five years after commencement of sales in the Offering. The exercise price for the Agent Warrants will be the amount that is 100% of the offering price, or $3.59 per Share. Additionally, the Company shall be responsible for Digital Offering's reasonable legal costs up to an amount of $100,000. The maximum cash commission to the Lead Selling Agent will not exceed $1,834,021. See "Plan of Distribution" for details of compensation payable to the Selling Agent in connection with the Offering.
(4) We estimate that, in addition to the selling commission payable to the Lead Selling Agent, total expenses of the Offering will be approximately $1,990,000, assuming this Offering is fully subscribed. Includes (i) the $40,000 onboarding fee paid by the Company to Equifund Technologies LLC ("Equifund"), (ii) an estimated $500,000 in investor fees of $50 per investor payable by the Company to Equifund (assuming 10,000 investors in this Offering), (iii) payment processing fees payable by the Company to Equifund of approximately $850,000, and (iv) estimated expenses of the Offering (including the EDGARization, filing, printing, legal, marketing, accounting and other miscellaneous expenses) of approximately $600,000. See "Plan of Distribution" for further details.
(5) The Agent Warrants are being issued as partial compensation to the Selling Agent.
(6) Assumes the maximum Offering is completed and the exercise of all of the Agent Warrants by the Selling Agent.
We intend to apply to list the Shares on the NYSE American LLC ("NYSE American") under the symbol "FJET". If our application is approved, we intend to request that the listing of the Shares will be made effective upon NYSE American's certification of our Form 8-A, which we plan to file concurrently with qualification of (a) the post-effective amendment of the offering statement on Form 1-A (as so amended, the "Post Qualification Offering Statement") of which this offering circular (the "Offering Circular") forms a part, or (b) a further post-qualification amendment to the Offering Statement, if applicable. If the Shares are not approved for listing on NYSE American, we will not complete the Offering contemplated hereby. No assurance can be given that our application to list on NYSE American will be approved or that an active trading market for the Shares will develop. The Shares are not currently listed or quoted on any exchange.
Starfighters Space, Inc., a corporation formed under the laws of the State of Delaware (the "Company", "Starfighters," "we" or "us"), is offering up to 11,142,061 (the "Maximum Offering") shares (the "Shares" or the "Securities") of common stock of the Company, par value $0.00001 per share (the "Common Stock"), to be sold in this Offering. See "Securities Being Offered." Each Share is being offered at a purchase price of $3.59 per Share on a "best efforts" basis for gross proceeds of up to $40,000,000. We are selling our Common Stock through a Tier 2 offering pursuant to Regulation A under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "Securities Act"), and we intend to sell the Common Stock either directly to investors or through registered broker-dealers who are paid commissions. The Company has engaged Digital Offering, a Delaware limited liability company and FINRA/SIPC registered broker-dealer, to act as Lead Selling Agent for this Offering.
The Company has engaged Enterprise Bank & Trust (the "Escrow Agent") to hold funds tendered by investors. If, on the next closing date, we have sold less than the Maximum Offering, then we intend to not hold any more closings and to terminate the Offering. The Offering commenced on September 6, 2024, and a total of 4,996,697 Shares have been sold, leaving a balance of 6,145,364 Shares available for sale pursuant to the Offering. We expect to commence the sale of the remaining Shares as of the date (the "Qualification Date") on which the Post Qualification Offering Statement is qualified by the SEC. All amounts in this Offering Circular are in United States dollars unless otherwise indicated. In some cases, Canadian dollars are used and prefaced, when necessary, with "CDN" to indicate non-US currency.
Following the Offering and assuming the sale of the maximum number of Shares in the Offering for the Offering price per Share indicated on the cover page hereof, and further assuming the anticipated conversion of certain outstanding Debentures and a secured loan described herein under the heading "Capitalization," Rick Svetkoff, our President, Chief Executive Officer, Director, and Executive Chairman, will beneficially own 44.6% of the voting power of our outstanding capital stock.
This Offering will terminate on the earlier of (i) twelve (12) months following the Qualification Date, unless earlier terminated by the Company, (ii) the date on which the Maximum Offering is sold, or (iii) when the board of directors of the Company (the "Board") elects, in its sole discretion, to terminate the Offering (in each such case, the "Termination Date"). We intend to complete one closing in this Offering. After the closing, funds tendered by investors will be made available to us. The minimum investment amount for an investor is $718; however, we reserve the right to waive this minimum in the sole discretion of our management.
INVESTING IN THE COMMON STOCK OF STARFIGHTERS SPACE, INC. IS SPECULATIVE AND INVOLVES SUBSTANTIAL RISKS. YOU SHOULD PURCHASE THESE SECURITIES ONLY IF YOU CAN AFFORD A COMPLETE LOSS OF YOUR INVESTMENT. SEE "RISK FACTORS" BEGINNING ON PAGE 11 TO READ ABOUT THE MORE SIGNIFICANT RISKS YOU SHOULD CONSIDER BEFORE INVESTING IN THE COMMON STOCK OF THE COMPANY.
FOR INDIVIDUALS WHO ARE NOT ACCREDITED INVESTORS, IF WE ARE NOT LISTED ON THE NYSE AMERICAN LLC, NO SALE MAY BE MADE TO YOU IN THIS OFFERING IF THE AGGREGATE PURCHASE PRICE YOU PAY IS MORE THAN 10% OF THE GREATER OF YOUR ANNUAL INCOME OR NET WORTH. DIFFERENT RULES APPLY TO ACCREDITED INVESTORS AND NON-NATURAL PERSONS. BEFORE MAKING ANY REPRESENTATION THAT YOUR INVESTMENT DOES NOT EXCEED APPLICABLE THRESHOLDS, WE ENCOURAGE YOU TO REVIEW RULE 251(d)(2)(i)(C) OF REGULATION A FOR GENERAL INFORMATION ON INVESTING. WE ENCOURAGE YOU TO REFER TO WWW.INVESTOR.GOV.
THE SEC DOES NOT PASS UPON THE MERITS OF OR GIVE ITS APPROVAL TO ANY SECURITIES OFFERED OR THE TERMS OF THE OFFERING, NOR DOES IT PASS UPON THE ACCURACY OR COMPLETENESS OF ANY OFFERING CIRCULAR OR OTHER SOLICITATION MATERIALS. THESE SECURITIES ARE OFFERED PURSUANT TO AN EXEMPTION FROM REGISTRATION WITH THE SEC; HOWEVER, THE SEC HAS NOT MADE AN INDEPENDENT DETERMINATION THAT THE SECURITIES OFFERED ARE EXEMPT FROM REGISTRATION.
IN THE EVENT THAT WE BECOME A REPORTING COMPANY UNDER THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934, AS AMENDED (THE "EXCHANGE ACT"), WE INTEND TO TAKE ADVANTAGE OF THE PROVISIONS THAT RELATE TO "EMERGING GROWTH COMPANIES" UNDER THE JUMPSTART OUR BUSINESS STARTUPS ACT OF 2012. SEE "IMPLICATIONS OF BEING AN EMERGING GROWTH COMPANY".
This offering circular follows the disclosure format of Part I of Form S-1 pursuant to the general instructions of Part II(a)(1)(ii) of Form 1-A.
This is a "best efforts - no minimum" offering. The Offering commenced on September 6, 2024, and will end on the date we raise the maximum amount being offered, unless earlier terminated by the Company.
The approximate date of commencement of proposed sale to thepublic is ________________, 2025.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
IMPORTANT INFORMATION ABOUT THIS OFFERING CIRCULAR
We are offering to sell, and seeking offers to buy, our Securities only in jurisdictions where such offers and sales are permitted. Please carefully read the information in this Offering Circular and any accompanying Offering Circular supplements, which we refer to collectively as the "Offering Circular." You should rely only on the information contained in this Offering Circular. We have not authorized anyone to provide you with any information other than the information contained in this Offering Circular. The information contained in this Offering Circular is accurate only as of its date or as of the respective dates of any documents or other information incorporated herein by reference, regardless of the time of its delivery or of any sale or delivery of our securities. Neither the delivery of this Offering Circular nor any sale or delivery of our Securities shall, under any circumstances, imply that there has been no change in our affairs since the date of this Offering Circular. This Offering Circular will be updated and made available for delivery to the extent required by the federal securities laws.
This Offering Circular is part of an amended offering statement (the "Offering Statement") that we have filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "SEC"). Periodically, we may provide an offering circular supplement that would add, update or change information contained in this Offering Circular. Any statement that we make in this Offering Circular will be modified or superseded by any inconsistent statement made by us in a subsequent offering circular supplement. The Offering Statement we have filed with the SEC includes exhibits that provide more detailed descriptions of the matters discussed in this Offering Circular. You should read this Offering Circular and the related exhibits filed with the SEC and any offering circular supplement, together with additional information contained in our annual reports, semi-annual reports and other reports and information statements that we will file periodically with the SEC. The Offering Statement and all supplements and reports that we have filed or will file in the future can be read at the SEC website, www.sec.gov.
Unless otherwise indicated, data contained in this Offering Circular concerning the markets relevant to the Company's business is based on information from various public sources. Although we believe that these data are generally reliable, such information is inherently imprecise, and our estimates and expectations based on these data involve a number of assumptions and limitations. As a result, you are cautioned not to give undue weight to such data, estimates or expectations.
In this Offering Circular, unless the context indicates otherwise, references to the "Company," "we," "our," and "us" refer to the activities of and the assets and liabilities of the business and operations of Starfighters Space, Inc., a corporation formed under the laws of the State of Delaware, and its wholly-owned subsidiaries: Starfighters International, Inc., a corporation formed under the laws of the State of Texas; and Starfighters International, Inc. and Starfighters, Inc., both corporations formed under the laws of the State of Florida.
CAUTIONARY STATEMENT REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
The discussions and information in this Offering Circular may contain both historical and forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements relate to expectations, beliefs, projections, future plans and strategies, anticipated events or trends and similar matters that are not historical facts. Some of the statements under "Summary," "Risk Factors," "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations," "Description of Business" and elsewhere in this Offering Circular constitute forward-looking statements. In some cases, you can identify forward-looking statements by terms such as "anticipate," "believe," "could," "estimate," "expect," "intend," "may," "plan," "potential," "should," "will" and "would" or the negatives of these terms, or other comparable terminology. To the extent that the Offering Circular contains forward-looking statements regarding our business, please be advised that our actual financial condition, operating results, and business performance may differ materially from that projected or estimated by us in forward-looking statements.
You should not place undue reliance on forward-looking statements. The cautionary statements set forth in this Offering Circular, including in "Risk Factors" and elsewhere, identify important factors which you should consider in evaluating the Company's forward-looking statements. These factors include, among other things:
The Company has a limited operating history in an evolving industry, making it difficult for the Company to forecast revenue, plan expenses, and evaluate its business and future prospects;
The Company has a history of losses and may not be able to achieve profitability;
The Company's ability to raise capital and the availability of future financing;
The Company's business involves significant risks and uncertainties that may not be covered by insurance;
The Company's business with governmental entities is subject to the policies, regulations, mandates, and funding levels of such entities and may be negatively impacted by any change thereto;
The Company may not be successful in developing new technology, and technology the Company does develop may not meet the needs of its customers;
The Company operates in competitive industries in various jurisdictions across the world;
The Company is highly dependent upon the services of Mr. Svetkoff, the Company's Chief Executive Officer, and if the Company is unable to retain Mr. Svetkoff, the Company's ability to compete could be harmed; and
We depend on several specialized suppliers for the majority of specialized supply needs. Disruptions in the supply of key raw materials or component and difficulties in the supplier qualification process, as well as increases in prices of raw materials, could adversely impact the Company.
Although the forward-looking statements in this Offering Circular are based on our beliefs, assumptions, and expectations, taking into account all information currently available to us, we cannot guarantee future transactions, results, performance, achievements or outcomes. No assurance can be made to any investor by anyone that the expectations reflected in our forward-looking statements will be attained, or that deviations from them will not be material and adverse. We undertake no obligation, other than as may be required by law, to re-issue this Offering Circular or otherwise make public statements updating our forward-looking statements.
SUMMARY
This summary highlights selected information contained elsewhere in this Offering Circular. This summary is not complete and does not contain all the information that you should consider before deciding whether to invest in our Common Stock. You should carefully read the entire Offering Circular, including the risks associated with an investment in the Company discussed in the "Risk Factors" section of this Offering Circular, before making an investment decision. Some of the statements in this Offering Circular are forward-looking statements. See the section above entitled "Cautionary Statement Regarding Forward-Looking Statements."
Company Information
Starfighters Space, Inc. ("Starfighters", the "Company", "we", "our", and "us") was founded and incorporated under the laws of the Delaware on September 6, 2022. The Company's goal is to make space accessible to entrepreneurs, researchers, industry participants, and the government at a high cadence and the right cost.
The Company's head office and mailing address is located at Reusable Launch Vehicle Hangar, Hangar Rd, Cape Canaveral, FL 32920, and the Company's phone number is 321-261-0900. The Company's registered and records office is located at 850 New Burton Road, Suite 201, Dover, Delaware 19904. The Company's website address is https://starfightersspace.com/. The information contained therein or accessible thereby shall not be deemed to be incorporated into this Offering Circular.
Intercorporate Relationships
The Company has three wholly owned subsidiaries: Starfighters International, Inc. ("Starfighters Texas"), which was incorporated pursuant to the laws of Texas on March 29, 2024, and was formerly known as "Starfighters Space Texas, Inc."; Starfighters International, Inc. ("Starfighters International"), which was incorporated pursuant to the laws of Florida on December 3, 2018; and Starfighters, Inc. ("SFI"), which was incorporated pursuant to the laws of Florida on November 16, 1995. SFI is owned indirectly by the Company through Starfighters International.
Set forth below is the organizational chart for the Company:

Our Business
The Company's mission statement is to make space accessible to entrepreneurs, researchers, industry, and government at a high cadence and the right cost.
Currently, Starfighters operates the world's only commercial fleet of flight-ready F-104 supersonic aircraft ("Lockheed F-104"). The Lockheed F-104 was developed as a supersonic aircraft for the United States Armed Forces. The single engine interceptor was favoured for its maximum altitude and climb performance. It was the first production aircraft to reach over MACH 2 in sustained, level flight, which was one of the key criteria as to why the NASA used the Lockheed F-104 for high-speed flight research at the Dryden Flight Research Center. The Lockheed F-104 also performed many safety chase missions in support of advanced research aircraft and provided a launch platform for sounding rockets.1 Test flights showed that a Lockheed F-104 launched single-stage Viper sounding rocket attain a maximum 112km in altitude.2 In total, the Lockheed F-104 flew over 18,000 missions for NASA. NASA retired the Lockheed F-104 in 1995,3 with transition to the McDonnell Douglas F/A-18 Hornet supersonic Aircraft.4
Recent increases in government expenditures and commercial investment are driving growth in the space economy.5 We believe this increase has created a demand for services similar to those that Lockheed F-104s formerly owned by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration ("NASA") used to provide. That demand is for commercial, research and defense technologies including hypersonic research.6 To the Company's knowledge, there is currently no other aircraft commercially available to the public with the capabilities of the Lockheed F-104 in terms of speed and climbing performance.
The Company has built a consistent business by providing pilot and astronaut training and in-flight testing related services (the "Historical Services"), delivering over its history, solutions for defense, civil, academic and commercial uses, and expects to continue to serve a range of customers in the private and public sectors. Furthermore, we believe the increased demand for space access, particularly in lower earth orbits as well as the government and private sector's focus on hypersonic research and development combine to create new opportunities for Starfighters Space (the "New Services").
The Company aims to address these needs through its existing fleet of seven Lockheed F-104 Aircraft, currently based at NASA's Kennedy Space Center and Midland International Air & Space Port, as well as through the acquisition of the Platform II Aircraft which the Company believes will provide more advanced capabilities and have a longer operating lifespan. Starfighters is providing its core group of Historical Services, while developing the capacity for New Services. The Company organizes its services into the following categories:
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1 Jarosław Dobrzyński, Lockheed F-104 Starfighter, Yellow Series (Mushroom Model Publications, 2015).
2 F-104 Launched Sounding Rockets, The Unwanted Blog (Jun. 2, 2012), The Unwanted Blog.
3 F-104 Starfighter, NASA (Sept. 27, 2009), NASA.
4 Roy Bryant, The Lockheed F104s of NASAs Flight Research Center, Stars of NASA (Feb. 2004), Stars of NASA.
5 Space Foundation, The Space Report 2025 Q2 Highlights Record $613 Billion Global Space Economy for 2024, Driven by Strong Commercial Sector Growth (22 July 2025), online: <https://www.spacefoundation.org/2025/07/22/the-space-report-2025-q2/>. [https://perma.cc/V2HE-4EJT].
6 U.S. Naval Institute Staff, Report to Congress on Hypersonic Weapons, U.S. Naval Institute (Feb. 16, 2024, 12:27 PM), U.S. Naval Institute.
Pilot and Astronaut Training;
Launch Services and Access to Space; and
In-flight Testing.
Launch Services and "Access to Space" (commercial, academic, civil and government clients); and
Airborne Testbed for Hypersonic Research and Development ("R&D") and Test and Evaluation ("T&E") Test Bed (commercial, academic, civil and government).
Risks Related to Our Business
Our business and our ability to execute our business strategy are subject to a number of risks, which are more fully described in the section titled "Risk Factors" beginning on page 10. These risks include, among others:
The Company's business involves significant risks and uncertainties that may not be covered by insurance;
The Company's business with governmental entities is subject to the policies, regulations, mandates, and funding levels of such entities and may be negatively impacted by any change thereto;
The Company may not be successful in developing new technology, and technology the Company does develop may not meet the needs of its customers;
The Company operates in competitive industries in various jurisdictions across the world;
The Company is highly dependent upon the services of Mr. Svetkoff, the Company's President and Chief Executive Officer, and if the Company is unable to retain Mr. Svetkoff the Company's ability to compete could be harmed;
If the Company cannot successfully protect its intellectual property, its business could suffer; and
We depend on several specialized suppliers for the majority of specialized supply needs. Disruptions in the supply of key raw materials or component and difficulties in the supplier qualification process, as well as increases in prices of raw materials, could adversely impact the Company.
Our financial statements have been prepared assuming we will continue as a going concern, which contemplates the realization of assets and the satisfaction of liabilities in the normal course of business. Our future viability is largely dependent upon our ability to raise capital to finance our operations. Our management expects that future sources of funding may include sales of equity, obtaining loans, or other strategic transactions. Although our management continues to pursue these plans, there is no assurance that we will be successful with this Offering or in obtaining sufficient financing on terms acceptable to us to continue to finance our operations, if at all. These circumstances raise substantial doubt on our ability to continue as a going concern, and our financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of these uncertainties.
Implications of Being an Emerging Growth Company
The Company, as an issuer with less than $1.235 billion in total annual gross revenues during its last fiscal year, it will qualify as an "emerging growth company" under the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012 (the "JOBS Act") and this status will be significant. An emerging growth company may take advantage of certain reduced reporting requirements and is relieved of certain other significant requirements that are otherwise generally applicable to public companies. In particular, as an emerging growth company, the Company:
The Company intends to take advantage of all of these reduced reporting requirements and exemptions, including the longer phase-in periods for the adoption of new or revised financial accounting standards under Section 107 of the JOBS Act. The Company's election to use the phase-in periods may make it difficult to compare its financial statements to those of non-emerging growth companies and other emerging growth companies that have opted out of the phase-in periods under Section 107 of the JOBS Act.
Under the JOBS Act, the Company may take advantage of the above-described reduced reporting requirements and exemptions for up to five years after the Company's initial sale of common equity pursuant to a registration statement declared effective under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or such earlier time should it no longer meet the definition of an emerging growth company. Note that this Offering, while a public offering, is not a sale of common equity pursuant to a registration statement, since the Offering is conducted pursuant to an exemption from the registration requirements. In this regard, the JOBS Act provides that the Company would cease to be an "emerging growth company" if the Company has more than $1.235 billion in annual revenues, has more than $700 million in market value of its common stock held by non-affiliates, or issues more than $1 billion in principal amount of non-convertible debt over a three-year period.
Certain of these reduced reporting requirements and exemptions are also available to the Company due to the fact that it may also qualify, once listed, as a "smaller reporting company" under the Commission's rules. For instance, smaller reporting companies are not required to obtain an auditor attestation on their assessment of internal control over financial reporting; are not required to provide a compensation discussion and analysis; are not required to provide a pay-for-performance graph or CEO pay ratio disclosure; and may present only two years of audited financial statements and related MD&A disclosure.
REGULATION A
We are offering Common Stock pursuant to rules of the SEC mandated under the JOBS Act. These offering rules are often referred to as "Regulation A." We are relying upon "Tier 2" of Regulation A, which allows us to offer securities of up to $75 million in a 12-month period.
In accordance with the requirements of Tier 2 of Regulation A, we are required to publicly file annual, semi-annual, and current event reports with the SEC, subject to certain conditions and restrictions under Regulation A.
THE OFFERING
| Securities offered and price per Share: | A maximum of 11,142,061 shares of Common Stock (the "Shares") at an offering price of $3.59 per Share. The Offering commenced on September 6, 2024, and a total of 4,996,697 Shares have been sold, leaving a balance of 6,145,364 Shares available for sale pursuant to the Offering. |
| Best efforts offering: | There is no minimum number of Securities that we must sell in order to conduct a closing in this Offering. Our directors and officers shall be entitled to purchase Common Stock in the Offering. | |
| Securities outstanding prior to this Offering: | 21,716,897 shares of Common Stock, including 5,002,097 Shares that have already been sold pursuant to the Offering. | |
| Securities outstanding after this Offering: | 27,862,261 shares of Common Stock if the Maximum Offering is achieved and all of the remaining 6,145,364 Shares are sold.(1) | |
| Use of Proceeds: | If we sell all of the 11,142,061 shares of Common Stock being offered, our net proceeds (after deducting fees and commissions and estimated Offering expenses) will be approximately $38,165,978. We will use these net proceeds towards our business strategy, including, without limitation, research and development, asset improvement and pilot training, sales and marketing efforts, capital expenditures, inventory purchases (consisting primarily of StarLaunch I rockets and related equipment to be acquired in connection with completing the FAA licensing process, and to provide satellite launch services following the acquisition of an FAA launch license), investor relations, the repayment of certain outstanding loans and general corporate purposes, and such other purposes described in the "Use of Proceeds" section of this Offering Circular. | |
| Termination of the Offering: | This Offering will terminate on the earlier of (i) twelve (12) months after the commencement date of this Offering, unless earlier terminated or extended by the Company, (ii) the date on which the Maximum Offering is sold, and (iii) when the Board elects to terminate the Offering. | |
| Proposed Listing: | We intend to apply to list the Shares on the NYSE American under the symbol "FJET." The listing of the Shares on the NYSE American is a condition to the closing of this Offering. | |
| Resale Restrictions: | See "Securities Being Offered - Resale Restrictions" on page 61. | |
| Risk Factors: | Investing in our Common Stock involves a high degree of risk. See "Risk Factors" starting on page 10. |
Notes:
(1) In addition, as of the date of this Offering Circular: (a) we have (i) 18,150,000 Warrants outstanding, and (ii) Debentures in the principal amount of $7,469,825 outstanding; and (b) our subsidiary, SFI, is the debtor under a secured loan advanced by Space Florida in the principal amount of $,1436,001. If the Offering is completed and the Company's application to list its Common Stock on the NYSE American is successful, it is anticipated that the Company will issue: (a) approximately 3,467,885 shares of Common Stock upon automatic conversion of the Debentures; (b) approximately 405,900 shares of Common Stock to pay and settle the Space Florida loan; and (c) such additional shares of Common Stock as will be issuable upon conversion of additional interest that will accrue to the date of such conversions. See "Capitalization."
RISK FACTORS
An investment in our Common Stock involves a high degree of risk. You should carefully consider the risks described below, together with all of the other information included in this Offering Circular, before making an investment decision. If any of the following risks actually occurs, our business, financial condition or results of operations could suffer. In that case, the price of our Common Stock could decline, and you may lose all or part of your investment. See "Cautionary Statement Regarding Forward-Looking Statements" above for a discussion of forward-looking statements and the significance of such statements in the context of this Offering Circular.
Risks Related to our Business and Industry
We have a limited operating history in an evolving industry, which makes it difficult to forecast our revenue, plan our expenses and evaluate our business and future prospects.
We have a limited operating history in a rapidly evolving industry that may not develop in a manner favorable to our business. While our business has grown rapidly, and much of that growth has occurred in recent periods, the markets for launch services, space systems, spacecraft components and space data applications may not continue to develop in a manner that we expect or that otherwise would be favorable to our business. As a result of our limited operating history and ongoing changes in our new and evolving industry, our ability to forecast our future results of operations and plan for and model future growth is limited and subject to a number of uncertainties. We have encountered and expect to continue to encounter risks and uncertainties frequently experienced by growing companies in rapidly evolving industries, such as the risks and uncertainties described herein. Accordingly, we may be unable to prepare accurate internal financial forecasts or replace anticipated revenue that we do not receive as a result of delays arising from these factors, and our results of operations in future reporting periods may be below the expectations of investors or analysts. If we do not address these risks successfully, our results of operations could differ materially from our estimates and forecasts or the expectations of investors or analysts, causing our business to suffer.
A significant portion of our business model is dependent upon the ongoing development of certain key technologies, which will require increased investment and operating expenses in the future, which may in turn impact our ability to reach and maintain revenue and profitability milestones.
The success of the Company's business plan relies significantly on its ability to complete its development and launch, first to suborbital space and then to low earth orbit, payload delivery platform. Historically, the Company has generated revenue from other lines of business which, while related, will require extensive additional investment to get to market. While the Company's business and mission has evolved, it has historically generated less than $1,000,000 revenue and other income annually, operating at break even or loss. We incurred a net loss of $7,908,777 for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2024, and a net loss of $4,681,583 for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023. We expect to continue to incur increased net losses for the next several years and we may not achieve or maintain profitability in the future. We believe there is a significant market opportunity for our business, and we intend to invest aggressively to capitalize on this opportunity. Due to the evolving nature of the markets in which the Company operates, it is difficult for us to predict our future results of operations or the limits of our market opportunity. We expect our operating expenses to significantly increase as we make significant investments in research and development, equipment, infrastructure, and personnel that we believe will be necessary to develop our capabilities, expand and support our operations and infrastructure, further develop our rocket and delivery platforms and otherwise compete effectively in our chosen markets. Furthermore, these efforts could be more costly than we expect and therefore negatively impact our financial and business performance. In addition, as we grow we will incur additional significant legal, accounting, and other expenses that we did not incur as a smaller company. If our revenue does not increase to offset these expected increases in our operating expenses, we will not be profitable in future periods. Any failure to increase our revenue sufficiently to keep pace with our investments and other expenses could prevent us from achieving or maintaining profitability or positive cash flow on a consistent basis. If we are unable to successfully address these risks and challenges as we encounter them, our business, results of operations, and financial condition could be adversely affected. There is no assurance that we will ever achieve or sustain profitability and may continue to incur significant losses going forward. Any failure by us to achieve or sustain profitability on a consistent basis could cause the value of our Common Stock to decline.
We will require significant capital investment in order to meet our objectives, and lack of that investment or the success of the execution of our plan may impact our ability to continue as a going concern.
Since inception, the Company has generated revenues and other income of less than $1,000,000 annually from its "non-payload launch" business, operating as a smaller, privately held concern with no outside investment. The execution of the Company's vision and mission to utilize its current assets and experience to build its space payload launch platform will require significant investment, resulting in net losses for the Company's fiscal year ending December 31, 2024, primarily as a result of increased expenses related to the Company's operations and go-forward business model. There can be no assurances that we will be able to achieve a level of revenues adequate to generate sufficient cash flow from operations or obtain funding from this Offering or additional financing through private placements, public offerings and/or bank financing necessary to support our working capital requirements. To the extent that funds generated from any private placements, public offerings and/or bank financing are insufficient, we will have to raise additional working capital. No assurance can be given that additional financing will be available, or if available, will be on acceptable terms. These conditions raise substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern. If adequate working capital is not available, we may be forced to discontinue operations, which would cause investors to lose their entire investment. Our auditors have indicated that these conditions raise substantial doubt about the Company's ability to continue as a going concern.
Our ability to execute on our business plan to become a provider of low earth orbit satellite launch services is dependent us obtaining and maintaining licenses, waivers, certifications, permits and authorizations, including the requisite launch licenses from the Federal Aviation Administration (the "FAA") Office of Commercial Space Transportation (the "AST").
Our ability to execute our business plan depends on achieving certain certifications and licenses from the FAA AST as well as potentially other agencies and operators. Obtaining these certifications or licenses will require the Company to successfully execute certain tests or achieve certain technical, business and performance milestones, some of which may require the testing of certain components of our platform that are currently operational, proposed, or in development. In furtherance of obtaining licensing, we are currently (i) preparing the requisite documentation to submit to the FAA's Office of Commercial Space Transportation, and (ii) scheduling the required wind tunnel and drop testing. There is no guarantee that we will successfully meet these requirements or milestones in a timely manner, the failure to of which could materially impact the Company's ability to operate our business.
Our business relationships with various governmental and private entities are subject to the policies, priorities, regulations, mandates and funding levels of such entities and may be negatively or positively impacted by any change thereto.
Historically, a portion of our revenues have been derived from government contracts or related agreements from contracts with the U.S. government and its agencies or from subcontracts with other U.S. government contractors. While we expect these revenues to continue to grow as we expand our service, there are many contingencies that might adversely affect our existing agreements or our ability to qualify for new agreements. We expect these revenues to continue to grow as we expand our services. Our contracts with the U.S. government may be fixed-price contracts. Under firm fixed-price contracts, work performed and products shipped are priced at a fixed amount without adjustment for actual costs incurred in connection with the contract. Therefore, we bear the risk of loss if costs increase.
Changes in government policies, priorities, regulations, government agency mandates, funding levels through agency budget reductions, the imposition of budgetary constraints, or a decline in government support or deferment of funding for programs in which we or our customers participate could result in contract terminations, delays in contract awards, reduction in contract scope, performance penalties or breaches of our contracts, the failure to exercise contract options, the cancellation of planned procurements, and fewer new business opportunities, all of which could negatively impact our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.
We are subject to the procurement policies and procedures set forth in the Federal Acquisition Regulation ("FAR"). The FAR governs aspects of U.S. government contracting, including contractor qualifications and acquisition procedures. The FAR provisions in U.S. government contracts must be complied with in order for the contract to be awarded and provides for audits and reviews of contract procurement, performance, and administration. Failure to comply with the provisions of the FAR could result in contract termination.
In addition, contracts with any government, including the U.S. government, may be terminated or suspended by the government at any time and could result in significant liability obligations for us. Remedies for termination may fall short of the financial benefit associated with full completion and operation of a contract. In addition, we may not be able to procure new contracts to offset the revenue or backlog lost as a result of any termination of government contracts. The loss of one or more large contracts could have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.
Our ability to pursue many of our business activities is regulated by various agencies and departments of the U.S. government and, in certain circumstances, the governments of other countries. Commercial space launches require licenses from the U.S. Department of Transportation ("DoT") and the FAA AST. The Federal Communications Commission also requires licenses for radio communications during our rocket launches. Our classified programs require that we and certain of our employees maintain appropriate security clearances. We also require export licenses from the U.S. Department of State ("DoS"), the U.S. Department of Commerce ("DoC") and, occasionally, the governments of other countries with respect to transactions we have with foreign customers or foreign subcontractors.
The Company has also worked with foreign governments or entities in the pursuit of its business initiatives. Our ability to operate may be negatively impacted by a change in the relationship status between the U.S. government or government agencies and any other country where we might engage in business in the future.
Our future revenue and operating results are dependent on our ability to generate a sustainable order rate for our products and services and develop new technologies to meet the needs of our customers or potential new customers.
Our financial performance is dependent on our ability to generate a sustainable order rate for our products and services. This can be challenging and may fluctuate on an annual basis as the number of contracts awarded varies. If we are unable to win new awards or execute existing contracts as expected, our business, results of operations, and financial position could be further adversely affected.
The rocket launch services, mission services, satellite, and satellite component industries are each characterized by development of technologies to meet changing customer demand for complex and reliable products and services. Our products and services embody complex technology and may not always be compatible with current and evolving technical standards and systems developed by others. Failure or delays to meet the requisite and evolving industry or user standards could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, and financial condition.
Our business critically depends upon our ability to develop, produce, test and successfully deploy our platform, which requires continued development in order to be proven to deliver our solution and stay relevant as the market demands change and mature.
The Company is still in the early stage of development of several of our core systems, including the development, testing, certifying and licensing our rocket family (referred to as "StarLaunch"), a core component of our delivery platform. We have previously experienced, and may experience in the future, delays or other complications in the design, manufacture and commercialization of our platform and services. If we fail to develop and successfully commercialize new technologies, if we fail to develop such technologies before our competitors, or if such technologies fail to perform as expected, or are inferior to those of our competitors, our business, financial condition and results of operations could be materially and adversely impacted.
We expect to derive a substantial amount of our revenues from only a core group of major customers. Our inability to attract new customers, a loss of, or default by, one or more of our customers, or a material adverse change in any such customer's business or financial condition, could materially reduce our future revenues.
Currently, while the overall market opportunity is significant and growing, there is a small group of potential customers for the Company. The failure to attract customers, or to perform for one customer could negatively influence our ability to attract business from others. Furthermore, many of our customers are involved in initiatives that could be impacted by a range of risk factors. Should one of more of our customers experience a downturn in their business or find themselves in financial difficulties, this could result in their ceasing or reducing their use of our services or becoming unable to pay for services they had contracted to buy. In addition, some of our customers' industries are undergoing significant consolidation, and our customers may be acquired by each other or other companies, including by our competitors. Such acquisitions could adversely affect our ability to sell services to such customers and to any end-users whom they may serve. Some customers have in the past defaulted, and our customers may in the future default, on their obligations to us due to bankruptcy, lack of liquidity, operational failure, or other reasons. Such defaults could adversely affect our revenues, operating margins and cash flows.
Disruptions in U.S. government operations and funding could have a material adverse effect on our revenues, earnings and cash flows, and otherwise adversely affect our financial condition.
Any disruptions in federal government operations could have a material adverse effect on our revenues, earnings, and cash flows. A prolonged failure to maintain significant U.S. government operations, particularly those pertaining to our business, could have a material adverse effect on our revenues, earnings, and cash flows. Continued uncertainty related to recent and future government shutdowns, the budget and/or the failure of the government to enact annual appropriations, such as long-term funding under a continuing resolution, could have a material adverse effect on our revenues, earnings and cash flows. Additionally, disruptions in government operations may negatively impact regulatory approvals and guidance that are important to our operations.
We may not be successful in developing new technology, and the technology we are successful in developing may not meet the needs of our customers or potential new customers.
The markets in which we operate are characterized by changing technology and evolving industry standards, and we may not be successful in identifying, developing and marketing products and services that respond to rapid technological change, evolving technical standards and systems developed by others. Our competitors may develop technology that better meets the needs of our customers. If we do not continue to develop, manufacture, and market innovative technologies or applications that meet customers' requirements, sales may suffer and our business may not continue to grow in line with historical rates or at all. If we are unable to achieve sustained growth, we may be unable to execute our business strategy, expand our business, or fund other liquidity needs, and our business prospects, financial condition and results of operations could be materially and adversely affected.
We operate in highly competitive industries and in various jurisdictions across the world which may cause us to have to reduce our prices.
We operate in an industry where many of our competitors are larger and have substantially greater resources than we have. We may also face competition in the future from emerging low-cost competitors. Competition in the suborbital and low earth orbit payload launch and related launch services business is becoming increasingly diverse, and while our current competitors offer different products and services, there can often be competition for contracts.
In addition, some of our foreign competitors currently benefit from, and others may benefit in the future from, protective measures by their home countries where governments are providing financial support, including significant investments in the development of new technologies. Government support of this nature greatly reduces the commercial risks associated with rocket launch, satellite and satellite component development activities for these competitors. This market environment may result in increased pressures on our pricing and other competitive factors.
To become and remain competitive, the Company will require capital for research and development, asset improvement and pilot training, sales and marketing efforts, capital expenditures, inventory purchases, investor relations, the repayment of outstanding loans and general corporate purposes. The Company may not have sufficient resources to maintain its operations on a competitive basis, which could materially and adversely affect the business, financial condition, results of operations or prospects of the Company.
We often rely on a single vendor or a limited number of vendors to provide certain key products or services and the inability of these key vendors to meet our needs could have a material adverse effect on our business.
Historically, we have contracted with a single vendor or a limited number of vendors to provide certain key products or services, such as our StarLaunch rocket development, which is a core component of our development and platform solution. As part of our business philosophy, we outsource the development of certain critical components of our products and services. While we believe that this approach gives us certain advantages, we recognize that it can also create dependencies on third parties that can negatively and critically impact our business. In addition, our manufacturing operations depend on specific technologies and companies for which there may be a limited number of vendors. If these vendors are unable to meet our needs because they fail to perform adequately, are unable to match new technological requirements or problems, or are unable to dedicate engineering and other resources necessary to provide the services contracted for, our business, financial position and results of operations may be adversely affected. While alternative sources for these products, services, and technologies may exist, we may not be able to develop these alternative sources quickly and cost-effectively, which could materially impair our ability to operate our business. Furthermore, these vendors may request changes in pricing, payment terms, or other contractual obligations, which could cause us to make substantial additional investments.
We depend on several specialized suppliers for the majority of specialized supply needs. Disruptions in the supply of key raw materials or components and difficulties in the supplier qualification process, as well as increases in prices of raw materials, could adversely impact us.
We depend on several specialized suppliers for the majority of specialized supply needs. We obtain our replacement and spare parts, components, sub systems, and equipment from suppliers that we believe to be reliable and reputable. The majority of our requirements are consumables in nature, including liquid oxygen, fuel, and tires. The first two of these items are supplied by Kennedy Space Center space port services. Disruptions in the supply of key raw materials or components and difficulties in the supplier qualification process, as well as increases in prices of raw materials, could adversely impact us.
Many raw materials, major components, and product equipment items are procured or subcontracted on a single or sole-source basis. Although we believe that sources of supply for raw materials and components are generally adequate, it is difficult to predict what effects shortages or price increases may have in the future. Our ability to manage inventory and meet delivery requirements may be constrained by our suppliers' inability to scale production and adjust delivery of long-lead time products during times of volatile demand. Our inability to fill our supply needs would jeopardize our ability to fulfill obligations under commercial and government contracts, which could, in turn, result in reduced sales and profits, contract penalties or terminations, and damage to customer relationships, and could have a material adverse effect on our operating results, financial condition, or cash flows.
Key raw materials and components used in our operations include composite materials, electronic, electro-mechanical and mechanical components, fuel systems, maintenance components, systems and subsystems that must be successfully integrated into finished products and systems. We are impacted by increases in the prices of raw materials used in production on fixed-price business. We monitor sources of supply to attempt to assure that adequate raw materials and other components and supplies needed in manufacturing processes are available. Prolonged disruptions in the supply of any of our key raw materials or components, difficulty completing qualification of new sources of supply, implementing use of replacement materials, components or new sources of supply, or a continuing increase in the prices of raw materials, energy, or components could have a material adverse effect on our operating results, financial condition, or cash flows.
The expansion of our operations subjects us to additional risks that can adversely affect our operating results.
We contemplate further expansion of our operations as part of our growth strategy, further research and development, geographic expansion, services expansion and other potentially critical necessities. Our current and contemplated operations subject us to a variety of risks, including:
| • | recruiting and retaining talented and capable management, pilots, engineers and employees; |
| • | competition from other companies with significant market share in those markets and with better understanding of demand; |
| • | difficulties in enforcing contracts, collecting accounts receivables, and longer payment cycles; |
| • | regulatory, political or contractual limitations on our ability to operate in certain foreign markets, including trade barriers such as export requirements, tariffs, taxes and other restrictions and expenses; |
| • | compliance with anti-bribery laws, including without limitation the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act; |
| • | varying security laws and regulations in the United States and other countries; |
| • | differing regulatory and legal requirements and possible enactment of additional regulations or restrictions on the use, import or export of our products and services, which could delay or prevent the sale or use of our products and services in some jurisdictions; |
| • | currency translation and transaction risk, which may negatively affect our revenue, cost of net revenue, and gross margins, and could result in exchange losses; |
| • | heightened exposure to political instability, war and terrorism; |
| • | access to launch capacity at government-controlled launch sites, such as the Kennedy Space Center and the Space Force's Launch Range Delta 45 at the Cape Canaveral Space Force Station; | |
| • | the Company's ability to expand geographically; |
| • | weaker protection of intellectual property rights in some countries; and | |
| • | overlapping of different tax regimes. |
Any of these risks could harm our operations and reduce our sales, adversely affecting our business, operating results, financial condition and growth prospects.
Our fleet of supersonic aircraft requires continued sourcing and inventory evolution, regular maintenance and the upgrading or replacement of aging parts, and our inability to add to and upgrade our fleet, find qualified technicians or source replacement parts may result in some of our aircraft being inoperable for extended periods of time or permanently decommissioned, the occurrence of which can materially and adversely affect our operations.
A core part of our overall platform is our use of high-performance aircraft, which were originally manufactured between 1963 and 1969, and which have been decommissioned from the military and retrofitted for use as the first stage vehicle of our platform. Given the age of our existing aircraft, we have sought to acquire additional aircraft to support our mission. While we expect to be able to add to our fleet, there is no guarantee that more aircraft can be successfully added. Today, the Company's fleet consists of seven Lockheed F-104s, with 1-seat and 2-seat configurations. These aircraft have been upgraded over the years both before and after their acquisition by the Company. However, as with any aircraft, it is critical to maintain and upgrade while also assuring that there are appropriate spare parts to service. We designate the 1-seat aircraft as core launch vehicles and 2-seat aircraft as training, testing, and support vehicles. Each aircraft goes through rigorous testing and upgrades from avionics to safety systems. We maintain over 20 spare engines as well as brakes, tires and other components. While it is not necessarily unusual for a specific aircraft to have a long lifespan, these aircraft require a significant surplus of spare parts in order to maintain air worthiness. While we have sourced what we believe is a 10-year operating backlog of supplies and parts, there is no guarantee that there will be sufficient supply of parts and supplies to continue to support the functional capabilities of our aircraft. We have designed our platform to support optimized cadence (repetitive takeoff and delivery) and built our model using our current fleet. However, during any period of time in which one or more of our aircraft are not operational, we may lose most or all of the revenue that otherwise would have been derived from such aircraft. If one or more of our aircraft experiences significant damage or deterioration such that it is no longer operational and must be permanently decommissioned, it could significantly impact our business, prospects and profitability.
We are currently evaluating options and have engaged in preliminary negotiations to acquire additional newer model aircraft ("Platform II Aircraft") to modernize our fleet and minimize risks related to our currently aging fleet. The availability of aircraft which have comparable abilities to the Lockheed F-104 aircraft which are able to be purchased by civilians is very limited, and we may be unable to secure an agreement to acquire the Platform II Aircraft on acceptable financial terms, or at all. In order to acquire the Platform II Aircraft, we may be required to raise additional capital through debt or equity financings, and there is no assurance we will be able to secure sufficient additional capital. In addition, we believe that that the Platform II Aircraft would, like the Lockheed F-104, be decommissioned military aircraft which are no longer being manufactured.7 There is no assurance that we would be able to secure a sufficient supply of parts and supplies to continue to support the functional capabilities of the Platform II Aircraft, if acquired. Our inability to acquire the Platform II Aircraft, repair or replace damaged existing aging Aircraft, or correct any other technical problem in a timely manner could result in a significant loss of revenue.
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7 F-104 Starfighter, Lockheed Martin (Oct. 1, 2020), Lockheed Martin.
The payloads and related solutions and systems that we may contract to deliver are subject to manufacturing and launch delays, mission and strategy shifts, damage or destruction during pre-launch operations, launch failures and incorrect orbital placement, the occurrence of which can materially and adversely affect our operations.
While we are a payload delivery service provider for third parties and do not currently plan on developing our own satellites, we are dependent on such third parties for the timely delivery of their payloads and delivery requirements. Delays in the manufacturing of satellites or other payloads, launch delays, damage or destruction during pre-launch operations, launch failures or incorrect orbital placement could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. The loss of, or damage to, a payload due to a launch failure could result in significant delays in anticipated revenue as well as impact our reputation across the industry. Any launch delay, launch failure, underperformance, delay, or perceived delay could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, business prospects and financial condition.
Our revenue, results of operations and reputation may be negatively impacted if our platform fails to operate in the expected manner.
Our platform consists of both manned and unmanned components. Launches are technologically complex procedures and may be disrupted by any number of issues including weather, facility access and scheduling, and demand priority, which may impact our ability to deliver our service in a timely manner. Sophisticated software used in our products and services may contain defects that can unexpectedly interfere with the software's intended operation, while physical elements may be impacted by a range of performance issues. Defects or other delivery delays may also occur in components and products that we purchase from third parties. Our services require the third-party development of rockets that must function under demanding and unpredictable operating conditions and in harsh and potentially destructive environments. Our products and services may not be successfully implemented, pass required acceptance criteria, or operate or give the desired output, or we may not be able to detect and fix all defects in rockets and systems we sell and/or use. Failure to do so could result in lost revenue and damage to our reputation and may adversely affect our ability to win new contract awards.
Our business involves significant risks and uncertainties that may not be covered by insurance.
A significant portion of our business relates to designing, developing and manufacturing advanced rocket technology products and services. New technologies may be untested or unproven. Failure of some of these products and services could result in extensive property damage. Accordingly, we may incur liabilities that are unique to our products and services.
The amount of insurance coverage that we maintain may not be adequate to cover all claims or liabilities. Existing coverage may be canceled while we remain exposed to the risk and it is not possible to obtain insurance to protect against all operational risks, natural hazards and liabilities.
The price and availability of insurance fluctuate significantly. Insurance market conditions or factors outside our control at the time we are in the market for the required insurance, such as failure of our aircraft and rockets, could cause premiums to be significantly higher than current estimates and could reduce amounts of available coverage. The cost of our insurance has been increasing and may continue to increase. Higher premiums on insurance policies will reduce our operating income by the amount of such increased premiums. If the terms of insurance policies become less favorable than those currently available, there may be limits on the amount of coverage that we can obtain or we may not be able to obtain insurance at all.
While we endeavor to maximise the benefits of insurance protection such as business interruption insurance, it is not always feasible to obtain certain policies. Given the evolution of the industry, any business interruption losses could exceed the coverage available or be excluded from our insurance policies. Any disruption of our ability to operate our business could result in a material decrease in our revenues or significant additional costs to replace, repair, or insure our assets, which could have a material adverse impact on our financial condition and results of operations.
Interruption or failure of our infrastructure could hurt our ability to effectively perform our daily operations and provide and produce our products and services, which could damage our reputation and harm our operating results.
We are vulnerable to natural disasters and significant disruptions including hurricanes, tsunamis, floods, earthquakes, fires, water shortages, other extreme weather conditions, epidemics or pandemics, acts of terrorism, power shortages and blackouts, aging infrastructures and telecommunications failures. In the event of such a natural disaster or other disruption, we could experience: disruptions to our operations or the operations of suppliers, subcontractors, distributors or customers; destruction of facilities; and/or loss of life.
The availability of many of our products and services depends on the continuing operation of our information technology and communications systems. Any downtime, damage to, or failure of our systems could result in interruptions in our operations and services, which could reduce our revenue and profits. Our systems are vulnerable to damage or interruption from hurricanes, floods, fires, power loss, aging infrastructure, telecommunications failures, computer viruses, computer denial of service attacks, or other attempts to harm our systems. An infrastructure failure could result in the destruction of our Aircraft, rockets, and other components being manufactured or in inventory, manufacturing delays, or additional costs. The occurrence of any of the foregoing could result in lengthy interruptions in our operations and services and/or damage our reputation, which could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.
Any significant disruption in or unauthorized access to our computer systems or those of third parties that we utilize in our operations, including those relating to cybersecurity or arising from cyber-attacks, could result in a loss or degradation of service, unauthorized disclosure of data, or theft or tampering of intellectual property, any of which could materially adversely impact our business.
Our operations, products, services and intellectual property are inherently at risk of disruption, loss, inappropriate access, or tampering by both insider threats and external bad actors. In particular, our operations face various cyber and other security threats, including attempts to gain unauthorized access to sensitive information, intellectual property and networks. In addition, insider threats, threats to the safety of our directors and employees, threats to the security of our facilities, infrastructure, and supply chain, and threats from terrorist acts or other acts of aggression could have a material adverse impact on our business.
Our customers and suppliers face similar threats. Customer or supplier proprietary, classified, or sensitive information stored on our networks is at risk. Assets, intellectual property and products in customer or supplier environments are also inherently at risk. We also have risk where we have access to customer and supplier networks and face risks of breach, disruption, or loss as well.
Our systems and processes can be attacked by third parties to obtain access to our data, systems and assets. The techniques used to gain unauthorized access are constantly evolving, and we may be unable to anticipate or prevent all unauthorized access, disruption, loss, or harm. Because of our highly desired intellectual property and our support of the U.S. government and other governments, we (and our customers and suppliers) may be a particularly attractive target for such attacks by hostile foreign governments. We cannot offer assurances that future attacks will not materially adversely affect our business.
A security event or other significant disruption of our operations, systems, assets, products, or services could:
| • | disrupt the proper functioning of our networks, applications and systems and therefore our operations and/or those of certain of our customers or suppliers; |
| • | result in the unauthorized access to, and destruction, loss, theft, misappropriation, or release of, our, our customers', or our suppliers' proprietary, confidential, sensitive or otherwise valuable information, including trade secrets, which others could use to compete against us or for disruptive, destructive or otherwise harmful purposes and outcomes; |
| • | destroy or degrade assets including space, ground and intellectual property assets; |
| • | manipulate or tamper with our operations, products, services or other systems delivered to our customers or suppliers; |
| • | compromise other sensitive government functions; and |
| • | damage our reputation with our customers (particularly agencies of various governments) and the public generally. |
A security event that involves classified or other sensitive government information or certain controlled technical information could subject us to civil or criminal penalties and could result in loss of security clearances and other accreditations, loss of our government contracts, loss of access to classified information, loss of export privileges or debarment as a government contractor.
Our technology may violate the proprietary rights of third parties, which could have a negative impact on our operations.
If any of our technology violates proprietary rights, including copyrights and patents, third parties may assert infringement claims against us. Certain software modules and other intellectual property used by us or in rockets and systems make use of or incorporate licensed software components and other licensed technology. These components are developed by third parties over whom we have no control. Any claims brought against us may result in limitations on our ability to use the intellectual property subject to these claims. We may be required to redesign our rockets and systems or to obtain licenses from third parties to continue our offerings without substantially re-engineering such rockets or systems. Our intellectual property rights may be invalidated, circumvented, challenged, infringed or required to be licensed to others. An infringement or misappropriation could harm any competitive advantage we currently derive or may derive from our proprietary rights.
Indemnity provisions in certain agreements potentially expose us to losses.
Our agreements with certain third parties include indemnification provisions, under which we agree to indemnify them for losses suffered or incurred as a result of damages caused by us to property or persons, which, in certain instances, may include losses related to intellectual property infringement. The terms of these indemnity provisions generally survive for a certain period of time after execution of the corresponding agreement. Any dispute with a third party with respect to such obligations could have adverse effects on our relationship with that party and any potential indemnity payment could harm our business, operating results and financial condition.
We may not have adequate capital to fund our business and may need substantial additional funding to continue operations. We may not be able to raise capital when needed, if at all, which would force us to delay, reduce or eliminate our business development efforts and could cause our business to fail.
We have limited capital available to us, to the extent that we raise capital from this Offering. If our entire original capital is fully expended and additional costs cannot be funded from borrowings or capital from other sources, then our financial condition, results of operations, and business performance would be materially adversely affected. We may require additional capital for the development of our business operations. We may also encounter unforeseen expenses, difficulties, complications, delays and other unknown factors that may increase our capital needs and/or cause us to spend our cash resources faster than we expect. Accordingly, we will need to obtain additional funding in order to continue our operations. We may not be able to raise needed additional capital or financing due to market conditions or for regulatory or other reasons. We cannot assure that we will have adequate capital to conduct our business. If additional funding is not obtained, we may need to reduce, defer or cancel business development efforts, or overhead expenditures to the extent necessary. The failure to fund our operating and capital requirements could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations.
Uncertain global macro-economic and political conditions could materially adversely affect our results of operations and financial condition.
Our results of operations are materially affected by economic and political conditions in the United States and internationally, including inflation, deflation, interest rates, availability of capital, energy and commodity prices, trade laws and the effects of governmental initiatives to manage economic conditions. Current or potential customers may delay or decrease spending on our products and services as their business and/or budgets are impacted by economic conditions. The inability of current and potential customers to pay us for our products and services may adversely affect our earnings and cash flows.
If we are unable to hire, retain or motivate qualified personnel, consultants, independent contractors, and advisors, we may not be able to grow effectively.
Our performance will be largely dependent on the talents and efforts of highly skilled individuals. The loss of one or more members of our management team or other key employees or consultants could materially harm our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects. Our future success depends on our continuing ability to identify, hire, develop, motivate and retain highly qualified personnel for all areas of our organization. We face competition for personnel and consultants from other companies, universities, public and private research institutions, government entities and other organizations. If we do not succeed in attracting excellent personnel or in retaining or motivating them, we may be unable to grow effectively. In addition, our future success will depend in large part on our ability to retain key consultants and advisors. We cannot assure that any skilled individuals will agree to become an employee, consultant, or independent contractor of the Company. Our inability to retain their services could negatively impact our business and our ability to execute our business strategy.
We are highly dependent on the services of Rick Svetkoff, our President and Chief Executive Officer, and if we are unable to retain Mr. Svetkoff, our ability to compete could be harmed.
Our success depends, in part, on our ability to retain our key personnel. We are highly dependent on the services of Rick Svetkoff, our President and Chief Executive Officer. Mr. Svetkoff is the source of many, if not most, of the ideas and execution driving our Company. We currently do not have a written employment or consulting agreement with Mr. Svetkoff, and accordingly, the terms of his engagement with the Company are not well defined. We intend to negotiate a formal agreement with Mr. Svetkoff following completion of this Offering, but there is no assurance that we will be able to do so. If we are unable to reach an agreement for the continued service of Mr. Svetkoff, or if he were to otherwise discontinue his service to us due to death, disability, retirement or any other reason, we would be significantly disadvantaged. We do not currently maintain a key person life insurance policy with respect to Mr. Svetkoff.
Failure to develop our internal controls over financial reporting as we grow could have an adverse impact on us.
As our Company matures, we will need to continue to develop and improve our current internal control systems and procedures to manage our growth. We are required to establish and maintain appropriate internal controls over financial reporting. Failure to establish appropriate controls, or any failure of those controls once established, could adversely impact our public disclosures regarding our business, financial condition, or results of operations. In addition, management's assessment of internal controls over financial reporting may identify weaknesses and conditions that need to be addressed in our internal controls over financial reporting or other matters that may raise concerns for investors. Any actual or perceived weaknesses and conditions that need to be addressed in our internal control over financial reporting, disclosure of management's assessment of our internal controls over financial reporting or disclosure of our public accounting firm's attestation to or report on management's assessment of our internal controls over financial reporting may have an adverse impact on the price of our Common Stock.
Failure to comply with United States federal and state laws relating to employment could subject us to penalties and other adverse consequences.
We are subject to various employment-related laws in the jurisdictions in which our employees are based. We face risks if we fail to comply with applicable United States federal or state wage laws and wage laws of the international jurisdictions where we currently operate or may operate in the future. Any violation of applicable wage laws or other labor- or employment-related laws could result in complaints by current or former employees, adverse media coverage, investigations and damages or penalties which could have a materially adverse effect on our reputation, business, financial condition and results of operations. In addition, responding to any such proceedings may result in a significant diversion of management's attention and resources, significant defense costs and the incurrence of other professional fees.
Changes to applicable United States tax laws and regulations or exposure to additional income tax liabilities could affect our business and future profitability.
Since all of our operations are located in the United States, we are subject to various United States federal, state and local taxes. New laws and policy relating to taxes may have an adverse effect on our business and future profitability. Further, existing tax laws, statutes, rules, regulations or ordinances could be interpreted, changed, modified or applied adversely to us.
We are unable to predict the extent to which epidemics, pandemics, and similar outbreaks, including the global COVID-19 pandemic, may adversely impact our business operations, financial performance, results of operations and stock price.
The Company's business could be significantly adversely affected by the outbreak of epidemics, pandemics, or similar outbreaks, including any outbreak of additional strains of COVID-19. Global reactions to the spread of COVID‐19 led to, among other things, significant restrictions in many jurisdictions on travel and gatherings of individuals, quarantines, temporary business closures and a general reduction in consumer activity. Such epidemics, pandemics or similar outbreaks could materially and adversely impact the Company's business, including without limitation, employee health, workforce availability and productivity, limitations on travel, supply chain disruptions, increased insurance premiums, and increased costs and reduced efficiencies. More broadly, such an outbreak could disrupt economic activity, resulting in reduced commercial and consumer confidence and spending, volatility in the global economy, and instability in the credit and financial markets, all of which could have an adverse impact on the Company's business, results of operations and financial condition.
Risks Related to the Offering
There is no minimum capitalization required in this Offering.
We cannot assure that all or a significant number of Shares of Common Stock will be sold in this Offering, and no refunds will be given if an inadequate amount of money is raised from this Offering to enable us to conduct our business. Management has no obligation to purchase any Shares. If we raise less than the entire amount that we are seeking in the Offering, then we may not have sufficient capital to meet our operating requirements. We cannot assure that we could obtain additional financing or capital from any source, or that such financing or capital would be available to us on terms acceptable to us. Under such circumstances, investors in Common Stock could lose their investment in us. Furthermore, investors who subscribe for Shares in the earlier stages of the Offering will assume a greater risk than investors who subscribe for Shares later in the Offering as subscriptions approach the maximum amount.
We determined the price of the Shares arbitrarily.
The Offering price of the Shares has been determined by management, and bears no relationship to our assets, book value, potential earnings, net worth or any other recognized criteria of value. We cannot assure that the Offering price reflects the fair market value of the Common Stock or that investors will earn any profit on them.
We are offering Shares on a best-efforts basis.
The Shares are offered on a "best efforts" basis. We cannot assure that all or any specified number of the Shares will be sold and the desired capital raised through this Offering. Our proposed operations are subject to all the risks inherent in a growing business enterprise, including the likelihood of operating losses.
We may undertake additional equity or debt financing that may dilute the Shares in this Offering.
We may undertake further equity or debt financing which may be dilutive to existing stockholders, including investors in this Offering, or result in an issuance of securities whose rights, preferences and privileges are senior to those of existing stockholders, including investors in this Offering, and also reducing the value of the Shares subscribed for under this Offering.
An investment in our Common Stock is speculative and there can be no assurance of any return on any such investment.
An investment in our Common Stock is speculative and there is no assurance that investors will obtain any return on their investment. Investors will be subject to substantial risks involved in an investment in our Company, including the risk of losing their entire investment.
If the Maximum Offering is not raised, it may increase the amount of long-term debt or the amount of additional equity we need to raise.
There is no assurance that the Maximum Offering of Common Stock in this Offering will be sold. If the Maximum Offering is not sold, we may need to incur additional debt or raise additional equity in order to finance our operations. Increasing the amount of debt will increase our debt service obligations and make less cash available for distribution to our stockholders. Increasing the amount of additional equity that we will have to seek in the future will further dilute those investors participating in this Offering.
We may not be able to obtain additional financing.
Even if we are successful in selling the Maximum Offering of Common Stock in the Offering, we may require additional funds to continue and grow our business. We may not be able to obtain additional financing as needed, on acceptable terms, or at all, which would force us to delay our plans for growth and implementation of its strategy which could seriously harm the Company's business, financial condition and results of operations. If we need additional funds, we may seek to obtain them primarily through additional equity or debt financings. Those additional financings could result in dilution to our current stockholders and to investors that invest in this Offering.
We have significant discretion over the net proceeds of this Offering.
We have significant discretion over the net proceeds of this Offering. As is the case with any business, particularly one without a proven business model, it should be expected that certain expenses unforeseeable to management at this juncture will arise in the future. There can be no assurance that management's use of proceeds generated through this Offering will prove optimal or translate into revenue or profitability for our Company. Investors are urged to consult with their attorneys, accountants and personal investment advisors prior to making any decision to invest in our Company.
If an investor purchases Shares in this Offering, the investor will incur immediate and substantial dilution in the book value of the Shares.
Each investor will suffer immediate and substantial dilution in the net tangible book value of the Shares the investor purchases in this Offering. At the Offering price of $3.59 per Share and assuming that all 11,142,061 shares of Common Stock for sale are sold for estimated net proceeds of $36,175,978 (after deducting the investor fees of approximately $500,000, estimated total Offering expenses of approximately $1,490,000, and selling commissions of approximately $1,834,020), investors purchasing Common Stock in the Offering will experience dilution of approximately ($2.61) per share in net tangible book value of the Common Stock. See "Dilution" beginning on page 27.
We may terminate this Offering at any time during the Offering Period.
We reserve the right to terminate this Offering at any time, regardless of the number of shares of Common Stock sold. In the event that we terminate this Offering at any time prior to the sale of all of the Common Stock offered hereby, whatever amount of capital that we have raised at that time will have already been utilized by the Company and no funds will be returned to subscribers.
Risks Related to our Common Stock
Our executive officers, directors and founders own approximately 66.2% of our Common Stock.
As of the date of this Offering Circular, our officers, directors, and founders beneficially own a total of 14,700,000 shares of Common Stock, or approximately 66.2% of the total issued and outstanding Common Stock of the Company. Our current officers, directors, and founders will own approximately 51.8% of the outstanding Common Stock after the Offering assuming that 11,142,061 shares of Common Stock are issued by the Company pursuant to this Offering. These stockholders acquired their Common Stock for substantially less than the price of the Common Stock being acquired in this Offering, and these stockholders may have interests, with respect to their Common Stock, that are different from those of investors in this Offering, and the concentration of voting power among one or more of these stockholders may have an adverse effect on the price of our Common Stock. These stockholders are able to exercise a significant level of control over all matters requiring stockholder approval, including the election of directors and approval of significant corporate transactions. This concentration of ownership may have the effect of delaying or preventing a change in control of our Company or changes in management and will make the approval of certain transactions difficult or impossible without the support of these stockholders, which might adversely affect the market price of our Common Stock. This concentration of ownership may not be in the best interests of all of our stockholders.
Conflicts of Interest.
The Company may be subject to various potential conflicts of interest because of the fact that some of its officers and directors may be engaged in a range of business activities. In addition, the Company's executive officers and directors may devote time to their outside business interests, so long as such activities do not materially or adversely interfere with their duties to the Company. In some cases, the Company's executive officers and directors may have fiduciary obligations associated with these business interests that interfere with their ability to devote time to the Company's business and affairs and that could adversely affect the Company's operations. These business interests could require significant time and attention of the Company's executive officers and directors.
There is no existing market for our Common Stock, and there is no assurance that a public trading market for our Common Stock will ever be established.
At present, there is no active trading market for our shares of Common Stock, and there is no assurance that a trading market will develop. In particular, although we intend to apply to list our Common Stock on the NYSE American, there is no assurance that our application will be accepted. We cannot predict the extent to which investor interest in our Company will lead to the development of a trading market or how liquid that market might become. The Offering price of the Shares has been determined by management and certain advisors of the management, and bears no relationship to our assets, book value, potential earnings, net worth or any other recognized criteria of value, and may not be indicative of the price that will prevail in any trading market following this Offering, if any. The market price for our Common Stock may decline below the offering price and is likely to be volatile.
If we issue additional Common Stock, stockholders may experience dilution in their ownership of the Company.
We have the right to raise additional capital or incur borrowings from third parties to finance our business. Our Board has the authority, without the consent of any of our Stockholders, to cause us to issue more Common Stock. Consequently, stockholders may experience more dilution in their ownership of us in the future. Our Board and majority stockholders have the power to amend our certificate of incorporation in order to effect forward and reverse stock splits, recapitalizations, and similar transactions without the consent of our other stockholders. The issuance of additional Common Stock would dilute stockholders' ownership in the Company.
We do not intend to pay dividends and there will thus be fewer ways in which you are able to make a gain on your investment.
We have never paid any cash or stock dividends and we do not intend to pay any dividends for the foreseeable future. To the extent that we require additional funding currently not provided for in our financing plan, our funding sources may prohibit the payment of any dividends. Because we do not intend to declare dividends, any gain on your investment will need to result from an appreciation in the price of our Common Stock. There will therefore be fewer ways in which you are able to make a gain on your investment.
In the event we become a public reporting company, we will incur increased costs as a result of operating as a public reporting company, and our management team will be required to devote substantial time to new compliance requirements.
If our application to list our Common Stock on the NYSE American is accepted and we thereby become a public reporting company, we will incur significant legal, accounting and other expenses that we did not incur as a private company. In addition, many rules and regulations exist for companies listed on stock exchanges that impose various requirements on public companies, including the establishment and maintenance of effective disclosure and financial controls and corporate governance practices. Our management and other personnel would need to devote a substantial amount of time to these compliance initiatives. Moreover, these rules and regulations will increase our legal and financial compliance costs and will make some activities more time-consuming and costly.
We will use our commercially reasonable efforts to list our Common Stock for trading on the NYSE American; however, it is uncertain when our Common Stock will be listed on an exchange for trading, if ever.
There is currently no public market for our Common Stock and there can be no assurance that one will ever develop. Although we intend to apply to list our Common Stock on the NYSE American, there is no assurance that our application will be accepted. As a result, if our Shares are not listed on the NYSE American, then this Offering will not close.
We have Debentures with a principal amount of $7,089,400, plus accrued interest, outstanding, which we are required to repay on the Maturity Date if we do not complete a Public Listing by such date.
As of the date of this Offering Circular, the Company has Debentures in the principal amount of $7,089,400 outstanding plus accrued interest. The Debentures mature and are due on the Maturity Date, being December 31, 2025. In the event our Common Stock is listed on the NYSE American LLC or any United States stock exchange (a "Public Listing"), the principal amount of the Debentures plus any accrued and unpaid interest thereon will automatically convert into Common Stock at a conversion price equal to the lessor of (i) a 40% discount to the price per security of the Company's initial public offering in the event of a Public Listing, and (ii) $4.00. See "Capitalization."
Although we intend to apply to list our Common Stock on the NYSE American, there is no assurance that our application will be accepted on or before the Maturity Date, or at all. The Company may seek the approval of the holders of the Debentures to extend that Maturity Date, but there is no assurance the holders of the Debentures will approve any such extension. If the Company has not completed a Public Listing by the Maturity Date and the Maturity Date is not extended, the Company will be required to repay the outstanding principal amount of the Debentures plus accrued interest on the Maturity Date. See "Capitalization."
After the completion of this Offering, we may be at an increased risk of securities class action litigation.
Historically, securities class action litigation has often been brought against a company following a decline in the market price of its securities. If the price of our Common Stock decreases and we were sued, it could result in substantial costs and a diversion of management's attention and resources, which could harm our business.
Our President and Chief Executive Officer, Rick Svetkoff, exercises significant control over the Company.
Our Chief Executive Officer, Mr. Svetkoff, controls approximately 65.2% of the Common Stock, and is expected to control approximately 44.6% of the Common Stock following the completion of this Offering, assuming the anticipated conversion of certain outstanding Debentures and a secured loan described herein under the heading "Capitalization". The concentrated voting control held by Mr. Svetkoff will limit the ability of the Company's stockholders to influence corporate matters for the foreseeable future, including the election of directors as well as with respect to decisions regarding amendments of our share capital, creating and issuing additional classes of shares, making significant acquisitions, selling significant assets or parts of our business, merging with other companies and undertaking other significant transactions. As a result, Mr. Svetkoff will have the ability to influence many matters affecting the Company and actions may be taken that the Company's stockholders may not view as beneficial. The market price of our Common Stock could be adversely affected due to the significant influence and voting power of Mr. Svetkoff. Additionally, the significant influence and voting interest of Mr. Svetkoff may discourage transactions involving a change of control, including transactions in which an investor, as a stockholder of the Company, might otherwise receive a premium for those shares over the then-current market price, or discourage competing proposals if a going private transaction is proposed by Mr. Svetkoff.
Each of our directors and officers owes a fiduciary duty to the Company and must act honestly and in good faith with a view to the best interest of the Company. However, any director and/or officer that is a stockholder, including Mr. Svetkoff, is entitled to vote his Common Stock in his own interest, which may not always be in the interest of the Company's stockholders generally.
Our Certificate of Incorporation designates the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware as the exclusive forum for certain types of actions and proceedings that may be initiated by our stockholders, which would limit such stockholders ability to choose the judicial forum for disputes with us or our directors, officers or other employees.
Our Certificate of Incorporation provides that unless the Company consents in writing to the selection of an alternative forum, the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware shall be the sole and exclusive forum for (i) any derivative action or proceeding brought on behalf of the Company, (ii) any action asserting a claim for breach of a fiduciary duty owed by any director, officer, employee or agent of the Company to the Company or the Company's stockholders, (iii) any action asserting a claim arising pursuant to any provision of the Delaware General Corporation Law, the Certificate of Incorporation or the bylaws or (iv) any action asserting a claim governed by the internal affairs doctrine, in each case subject to said Court of Chancery having personal jurisdiction over the indispensable parties named as defendants therein. However, the exclusive forum provision would not apply to suits brought to enforce any liability or duty created by the Securities Act or the Exchange Act or any other claim for which the federal courts have exclusive jurisdiction. To the extent that any such claims may be based upon federal law claims, Section 27 of the Exchange Act creates exclusive federal jurisdiction over all suits brought to enforce any duty or liability created by the Exchange Act or the rules and regulations thereunder. Furthermore, Section 22 of the Securities Act creates concurrent jurisdiction for federal and state courts over all suits brought to enforce any duty or liability created by the Securities Act or the rules and regulations thereunder. Any person or entity purchasing or otherwise acquiring any interest in shares of our common stock is deemed to have received notice of and consented to the foregoing provisions. Although we believe this choice of forum provision benefits us by providing increased consistency in the application of Delaware law in the types of lawsuits to which it applies, the provision may have the effect of discouraging lawsuits against us and our directors and officers. The enforceability of similar choice of forum provisions in other companies' certificates of incorporation or similar governing documents has been challenged in legal proceedings and it is possible that in connection with any action a court could find the choice of forum provisions contained in our Certificate of Incorporation to be inapplicable or unenforceable in such action. If a court were to find this choice of forum provision inapplicable to, or unenforceable in respect of, one or more of the specified types of actions or proceedings, we may incur additional costs associated with resolving such matters in other jurisdictions, which could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Risks Related to Being and Reporting as a Public Company
If we are successful in listing our Shares on the NYSE American, we will incur increased costs as a result of being a public reporting company, and our board of directors will be required to devote substantial time to oversight of new compliance requirements and corporate governance practices.
If we are successful in our application to list our Shares on the NYSE American, we would become a public reporting company. As a public company listed in the United States, we would incur significant legal, accounting and other expenses that we do not incur as a private company. In addition, the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, as amended, the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act, the listing requirements of the NYSE American, and other applicable securities rules and regulations impose various requirements on public companies, including the establishment and maintenance of effective disclosure controls and procedures and corporate governance practices. Our board of directors, management and other personnel will need to devote a substantial amount of time to these compliance initiatives. Moreover, these rules and regulations will increase our legal and financial compliance costs and will make some activities more time-consuming and costly. For example, we expect that these rules and regulations may make it more difficult and more expensive for us to obtain director and officer liability insurance, which in turn could make it more difficult for us to attract and retain qualified members of our board of directors.
These rules and regulations may be subject to varying interpretations due to their lack of specificity, and, as a result, their application in practice may evolve over time as new guidance is provided by regulatory and governing bodies. This could result in continuing uncertainty regarding compliance matters and higher costs necessitated by ongoing revisions to disclosure and governance practices.
Assuming NYSE American approves our listing application, we may fail to comply with the continued listing standards of the NYSE American, which may result in a delisting of our Shares.
We intend to apply to list the Shares on the NYSE American under the symbol "FJET." Although after giving effect to this Offering we expect to meet the minimum initial and continued listing standards set forth in NYSE American listing standards, we cannot assure you that the Shares will be, or will continue to be, listed on NYSE American in the future. In order to continue listing the Shares on NYSE American, we must maintain certain financial, distribution and stock price levels and must maintain a minimum number of holders of Shares.
If NYSE American determines to delist the Shares and we are not able to list the Shares on another national securities exchange, a reduction in some or all of the following may occur, each of which could have a material adverse effect on the holders of Shares:
the liquidity of the Shares;
the market of the Shares;
our ability to obtain financing for the continuation of our operations;
the number of investors that will consider investing in the Shares;
the number of market makers in the Shares;
the availability of information concerning the trading prices and volume of the Shares; and
the number of broker-dealers willing to execute trades in the Shares.
In addition, the National Securities Markets Improvement Act of 1996 ("NSMIA") provides for the federal pre-emption of state securities laws of "covered securities" under certain circumstances. Under NSMIA, covered securities include, among others, securities that are listed or approved on certain national securities exchanges (including NYSE American) and securities of an issuer that has securities listed or approved for listing on certain national securities exchanges where those securities are senior to the listed securities (for example, bonds issued by companies that have equity listed on a national securities exchange) or equal in rank to the listed securities. As a result, for so long as the Shares are listed on the NYSE American, we will not be required to register or qualify in any state the offer, transfer or sale of our Shares and any of our other securities that are senior or equal in rank to the Shares. If the Shares are delisted from the NYSE American and are not listed on another national securities exchange, the sale or transfer of the Shares and any of our other securities that are senior or equal in rank to the Shares, may not be exempt from state securities laws. In such event, we may need to register or otherwise qualify such securities for any offer, transfer or sale in certain states or determine that any such offer, transfer or sale is exempt under applicable state securities laws. To the extent that we do not register or otherwise qualify such securities, or determine that such securities are not exempt under applicable state securities laws, we and the holders of such securities may be limited in the ability to offer, transfer or sell such securities, which could have a material adverse effect on the value of such securities, on our ability to raise capital, and on our liquidity, business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects.
Failure to comply with requirements to design, implement, and maintain effective internal controls could have a material adverse effect on our business.
We have not previously been required to evaluate our internal control over financial reporting in a manner that meets the standards of public reporting companies required by Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. If we become a public reporting company, we will be subject to significant requirements for enhanced financial reporting and internal controls. The process of designing, implementing and maintaining effective internal controls is a continuous effort that requires us to anticipate and react to changes in our business and the economic and regulatory environments and to expend significant resources to maintain a system of internal controls that is adequate to satisfy our reporting obligations as a public reporting company. If we are unable to establish or maintain appropriate internal financial reporting controls and procedures, it could cause us to fail to meet our reporting obligations on a timely basis, result in material misstatements in our consolidated financial statements, and harm our results of operations. In addition, we will be required, pursuant to Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, to furnish a report by management on, among other things, the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting in the second annual report following the registration of our Common Stock pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Exchange Act. This assessment will need to include disclosure of any material weaknesses identified by our management in our internal control over financial reporting. The rules governing the standards that must be met for our management to assess our internal control over financial reporting are complex and require significant documentation, testing, and possible remediation. Testing and maintaining internal controls may divert our management's attention from other matters that are important to our business.
In connection with the implementation of the necessary procedures and practices related to internal control over financial reporting, we may identify deficiencies that we may not be able to remediate in time to meet the deadline imposed by the Sarbanes-Oxley Act for compliance with the requirements of Section 404 of that Act. In addition, we may encounter problems or delays in completing the remediation of any deficiencies identified by us or our independent registered public accounting firm in connection with the issuance of their attestation report (if required). Our testing, or the subsequent testing (if required) by our independent registered public accounting firm, may reveal deficiencies in our internal controls over financial reporting that are deemed to be material weaknesses. Any material weaknesses could result in a material misstatement of our annual or quarterly financial statements or disclosures that may not be prevented or detected.
We may not be able to conclude on an ongoing basis that we have effective internal control over financial reporting in accordance with Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. If we are unable to remediate any identified material weaknesses, identify additional material weaknesses in the future, or otherwise fail to maintain an effective system of internal controls, or our independent registered public accounting firm is unable to provide us with an unqualified report (to the extent it is required to issue a report), investors could lose confidence in our reported financial information, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, and financial condition. In addition, non-compliance with Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act could subject us to a variety of administrative sanctions, including the suspension of trading, ineligibility for future listing on the NYSE American or other national securities exchanges, and the inability of registered broker-dealers to make a market in our Common Stock, which may reduce our stock price.
Upon becoming a public company, we expect to qualify as an "emerging growth company" under the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012 and a "smaller reporting company" within the meaning of the Exchange Act, and we would thereby be eligible to take advantage of certain exemptions from disclosure requirements available to emerging growth companies and smaller reporting companies, as applicable. We plan to take advantage of such exemptions, with the result that our Shares may be less attractive to investors and may make it more difficult to compare our performance with other public companies.
If, as we expect, we qualify as an "emerging growth company" under the under the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012 (or the "JOBS Act") after we become a public reporting company, then, among other things: we would not be required to comply with the auditor attestation requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act; we would not be required to provide compensation discussion and analysis; we would not be required to obtain a non-binding advisory vote from our shareholders on executive compensation or golden parachute arrangements; we would be exempt from certain executive compensation disclosure provisions requiring a pay-for-performance graph and CEO pay ratio disclosure; we could provide two years of audited financial statements and only two years of related Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations ("MD&A"), instead of three years in our filings with the SEC; and, under section 107 of the JOBS Act, we could claim longer phase-in periods for the adoption of new or revised financial accounting standards. We intend to take advantage of all of these reduced reporting requirements and exemptions. Our election to use the phase-in periods under Section 107 of the JOBS Act may make it difficult to compare our financial statements to those of non-emerging growth companies and other emerging growth companies that have opted out of those phase-in periods.
We will cease to be an "emerging growth company" five years after the initial sale of our common equity pursuant to a registration statement declared effective under the Securities Act, or such earlier time should we no longer meet the definition of an "emerging growth company." (This Offering, while a public offering, is not a sale of common equity pursuant to a registration statement, since the Offering is conducted pursuant to an exemption from the registration requirements.) We will also cease to be an "emerging growth company" if our Company has more than $1.235 billion in annual revenues, has more than $700 million in market value of its common stock held by non-affiliates, or issues more than $1 billion in principal amount of non-convertible debt over a three-year period.
Certain of these reduced reporting requirements and exemptions will also be available to our Company due to the fact that we are also likely to qualify, once listed, as a "smaller reporting company" under the Commission's rules. For instance, smaller reporting companies: are not required to obtain an auditor attestation on their assessment of internal control over financial reporting; are not required to provide a compensation discussion and analysis; are not required to provide a pay-for-performance graph or CEO pay ratio disclosure; and may present only two years of audited financial statements and related MD&A disclosure. We will continue to qualify as a "smaller reporting company" provided that: (a) the market value of our Common Stock held by non-affiliates is less than $250 million; or (b) the market value of our Common Stock held by non-affiliates is less than $700 million and our annual revenues will continue to be less than $100 million.
We cannot predict if investors will find the Shares less attractive because we may rely on these exemptions. If some investors find the Shares less attractive as a result, there may be a less active trading market for the Shares and our stock price may be more volatile. We may take advantage of these reporting exemptions until we are no longer an emerging growth company and/or a smaller reporting company.
CAPITALIZATION
As of August 22, 2025, the Company had:
21,716,897 shares of Common Stock outstanding, including 4,996,697 Shares which have been sold and issued pursuant to the Offering to date, which commenced on September 6, 2024;
2,200,000 non-qualified stock options to acquire Common Stock (the "Options") are currently outstanding. Each Option being exercisable to acquire one (1) share of Common Stock (each, an "Option Share") at a price equal to the Offering Price per Option Share for a period of five (5) years until August 12, 2030;
2,285,000 restricted stock units to receive Common Stock upon settlement (the "RSUs") are currently outstanding. Each RSU entitles the holder to receive one (1) share of Common Stock upon vesting and settlement thereof;
15,000,000 Common Stock purchase warrants (the "2022 Warrants") outstanding, each of which is exercisable to acquire one (1) share of Common Stock (a "Warrant Share") at a price of $0.33 per Warrant Share for a period of four (4) years following the Vesting Date. The "Vesting Date" being the earlier of: (i) the date the Common Stock are listed on a national securities exchange registered with the SEC under Section 6(o) of the Exchange Act; (ii) September 15, 2024, provided that the Company has completed one or more equity or debt offerings of the Company, including offerings of convertible debentures or other securities of the Company convertible into equity securities of the Company, yielding aggregate gross proceeds of at least $4,500,000 over any twelve month period subsequent to September 15, 2022 (the "Bridge Financing"), on or prior to September 15, 2024; and (iii) the date of a Fundamental Transaction (as such term is defined in the certificates representing the Warrants) so long as the Company has raised any funds via an equity of debt offering which could constitute a portion of a potential Bridge Financing prior to the date of such Fundamental Transaction. The Company completed a Bridge Financing on July 14, 2023. The 2022 Warrants were issued on September 9, 2022;
400,000 Common Stock purchase warrants (the "2023 Warrants") which were issued on September 6, 2023 and having substantially similar terms as the 2022 Warrants;
2,750,000 Common Stock purchase warrants (the "LH Warrants", and together with the 2022 Warrants and the 2023 Warrants, the "Warrants") which were issued on September 6, 2023, and have substantially similar terms as the 2022 Warrants. See "Plan of Distribution - Other Engagements - Marketing and Advisory Services"; and
8% secured convertible debentures in the principal amount of $7,089,400 (the "Debentures"). The Debentures were issued in six separate tranches, being a first tranche of $4,413,400 which closed on February 24, 2023, a second tranche of $804,100 which closed on July 14, 2023, a third tranche of $448,000 which closed on September 15, 2023, a fourth tranche of $680,500 which closed on December 28, 2023, a fifth tranche of $501,400 which closed on May 17, 2024, and a sixth tranche of $242,000 which closed on August 15, 2024. The Debentures bear interest at five percent (5%) per annum until February 24, 2025, and thereafter bear interest at eight percent (8%) per annum payable on the Maturity Date (defined below) and secured by the assets of the Company pursuant to a Security Agreement entered into between the Company and Computershare Trust Company of Canada ("Computershare") dated February 24, 2023 (the "Security Agreement"). The Debentures are due twenty-four (24) months following the issuance of the first tranche, being February 24, 2025, however, on December 19, 2024, the holders (the "Debentureholders") adopted an extraordinary resolution (the "Debenture Amendment Resolution") to approve certain amendments, which included extending the maturity date from February 24, 2025 to December 31, 2025 (the "Maturity Date"). The Debentures are governed by a Debenture Indenture entered into between the Company and Computershare, dated February 24, 2023 (the "Indenture"), as amended pursuant to a First Supplemental Convertible Debenture Indenture entered into between the Company and Computershare, dated December 19, 2024 as a result of the Debenture Amendment Resolution. The Indenture, as amended, also provides that in the event of a Public Listing prior to the Maturity Date, the principal amount of the Debentures plus any accrued and unpaid interest thereon will automatically convert into Common Stock at a conversion price equal to the lessor of (i) a 40% discount to the price per security of the Company's initial public offering in the event of a Public Listing, and (ii) $4.00, and such Common Stock issued will be subject to a six (6) month hold period from the completion of the Public Listing, or such other length of time as may be determined by the Company at the time of the Public Listing. Pursuant to the terms and conditions of the Security Agreement, the Company has granted Computershare, for the benefit of the Debentureholders, a security in and to the property of the Company including, but not limited to, it accounts, money, equipment, and goods. If the Offering is completed and the Company's application to list its Common Stock on the NYSE American is successful, it is anticipated that the Company will issue 3,467,885 shares of Common Stock upon automatic conversion of the Debentures, plus such additional shares of Common Stock as will be issuable upon automatic conversion of additional interest that will accrue to the date of such conversion.
In addition, the Company's subsidiary, SFI, is the debtor under a secured loan (the "Space Florida Loan") in the principal amount of $,1436,001 that was originally advanced on February 16, 2012 pursuant to a loan agreement (the "Space Florida Loan Agreement") between Space Florida, as lender, and SFI, as borrower. The Space Florida Loan bears interest at the adjusted rate of 3% per annum (increased from 1% per annum effective September 16, 2022), and the original maturity date of September 16, 2022 has been extended to November 1, 2033; SFI's payment obligations are secured by a first-priority security interest in certain assets of SFI (the "Collateral"). As amended with effect from November 1, 2024, the Space Florida Loan will be fully repaid and settled, and Space Florida's security interest in the Collateral will be discharged, by and upon conversion of all outstanding and unpaid principal and interest into shares of the Company's Common Stock ("Conversion Shares") on the date on which the Company completes a Public Listing. The Conversion Shares are to be issued at a deemed issue price equal to the offering price of the Company's Common Stock in the initial public offering leading to such Public Listing. As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the principal balance of $1,436,001 and $1,436,001, respectively, and accrued interest of $20,961 and $13,938, respectively, was outstanding for this loan. Interest expense was $10,613 and $32,964, respectively, for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and March 31, 2024. If the Offering is completed and the Company's application to list its Common Stock on the NYSE American is successful, it is anticipated that the Company will issue approximately 405,900 Conversion Shares to Space Florida to fully pay and settle the Space Florida Loan, plus such additional Conversion Shares as will be required to pay and settle any additional interest that will accrue to the date of settlement.
The Company is offering up to 11,142,061 Shares at a purchase price of $3.59 per Share. The Offering commenced on September 6, 2024, and a total of 4,996,697 Shares have been sold, leaving a balance of 6,145,364 Shares available for sale pursuant to the Offering. The following table illustrates the changes to our share capital assuming the sale of, respectively, 100%, 75% and 50% of the Common Stock offered for sale in this Offering but does not account for the issuance of any Common Stock upon automatic conversion of the Debentures, or the issuance of any Conversion Shares in payment and settlement of the Space Florida Loan. The application of the estimated net proceeds from this Offering is described under the "Use of Proceeds" section of this Offering Circular.
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|
100% of Offering |
75% of Offering |
50% of Offering |
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Shares of Common Stock outstanding as of the date of this Offering Circular1 |
21,716,897 |
21,716,897 |
21,716,897 |
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Number of shares of Common Stock remaining to be sold under the Offering2 |
6,145,364 |
3,359,848 |
574,333 |
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Pro Forma shares of Common Stock outstanding after giving effect to the Offering3 |
27,862,261 |
25,076,745 |
22,291,230 |
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Notes (1) Includes a total of 4,996,697 Shares which have been sold pursuant to the Offering, which commenced on September 6, 2024. (2) A maximum of 6,145,364 Shares remain available for sale pursuant to the Offering. Fractional shares have been rounded down to the next whole number of Shares. (3) For illustrative purposes. The Offering is being conducted on a best-efforts basis and there is no assurance that any of the remaining Shares being offered pursuant to this Offering Circular will be sold. |
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DILUTION
As of the date of this Offering Circular, an aggregate of 21,716,897 shares of Common Stock are issued and outstanding, including a total of 4,996,697 Shares which have already been sold pursuant to the Offering, which commenced on September 6, 2024.
If you purchase Common Stock in this Offering, your ownership interest in our Common Stock will be diluted immediately, to the extent of the difference between the price to the public charged for each share of Common Stock in this Offering and the net tangible book value per share of our Common Stock after this Offering.
Our net tangible book value as of March 31, 2025 was ($4,332,691), or ($0.22) per share of Common Stock, based on 19,697,980 outstanding shares of Common Stock. Net tangible book value per share equals the amount of our total tangible assets less total liabilities, divided by the total number of shares of Common Stock outstanding, all as of the date specified.
If the Maximum Offering, at an offering price of $3.59 per share of Common Stock is sold in this Offering, after deducting approximately $1,490,000 in Offering expenses payable by us (which would include items such as EDGARization, filing, printing, legal, marketing, accounting and other miscellaneous expenses), an estimated $500,000 in investor fees payable by us to Equifund (calculated at $50 per investor, assuming 10,000 investors in this Offering), and selling commissions of approximately $1,834,020, our pro forma as adjusted net tangible book value at the closing date would be approximately $21,279,155, or $0.76 per share of Common Stock. This amount represents an immediate increase in pro forma net tangible book value of $0.98 per share to our existing stockholders as of the date of this Offering Circular, and an immediate dilution in pro forma net tangible book value of approximately $2.61 per share to new investors purchasing Common Stock in this Offering at a price of $3.59 per share of Common Stock.
The following table illustrates the approximate per share dilution to new investors discussed above, assuming the sale of, respectively, 100%, 75% and 50% of the Shares offered for sale in this Offering (after deducting our estimated Offering expenses of $1,490,000, and with the selling commissions, investor fees and payment processing fees being proportionately reduced for 75% and 50% of the Shares offered for sale in this Offering):
| Funding Level | 100% of Raise | 75% of Raise | 50% of Raise | |||||||
| Proceeds to Company | $ | 36,175,980 | $ | 27,263,480 | $ | 18,350,980 | $ | |||
| Offering Price per share of Common Stock | $ | 3.59 | $ | 3.59 | $ | 3.59 | $ | |||
| Proforma net tangible book value per share of Common Stock before Offering | $ | (0.22) | $ | (0.22) | $ | (0.22) | $ | |||
| Increase per share of Common Stock attributable to investors in this Offering | $ | 0.98 | $ | 0.70 | $ | 0.36 | $ | |||
| Pro forma net tangible book value per share of Common Stock after the Offering | $ | 0.76 | $ | 0.48 | $ | 0.14 | $ | |||
| Dilution to investors after the Offering | $ | 2.61 | $ | 3.11 | $ | 3.45 | $ |
The number of shares of Common Stock to be outstanding immediately after the consummation of the Offering excludes:
PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION
The Company is offering up to 11,142,061 shares of Common Stock on a "best efforts" basis at a price of $3.59 per share. The Offering commenced on September 6, 2024, and a total of 4,996,697 Shares have been sold to date, leaving a balance of 6,145,364 Shares available for sale pursuant to the Offering. There is no minimum number of shares of Common Stock that we must sell in order to conduct a closing in this Offering. The minimum subscription per investor is $718, or 200 shares of Common Stock.
The Company intends to market the shares in this Offering through both online and offline means. Online marketing may take the form of contacting potential investors through electronic media and posting our offering circular or "testing the waters" materials on an online investment platform. This offering circular will be furnished to prospective investors via download 24 hours per day, 7 days per week on the Company's website (https://invest.equifund.com/offering/starfighters/details) on a landing page that relates to the Offering.
The offering will terminate at the earliest of the date at which the maximum offering amount has been sold, one year from the date upon which the Commission qualifies the Post Qualification Offering Statement of which this Offering Circular forms a part, and the date at which the Offering is earlier terminated by the Company, in its sole discretion.
The Company has completed multiple closings as of the date of this filing and intends to have one additional closing to complete this Offering. After this last closing, funds tendered by investors will be available to the Company.
Engagement Agreement with Digital Offering
We are currently party to an engagement agreement dated October 27, 2023 (the "Original Engagement Agreement") and amended on June 11, 2024 and an additional amendment dated August 7, 2025 with Digital Offering, LLC ("Digital Offering" or the "lead selling agent"). Digital Offering has agreed to act as our Lead Selling Agent for the Offering. Digital Offering has made no commitment to purchase all or any part of the shares of Common Stock being offered but has agreed to use its best efforts to sell such shares in the Offering. As such, Digital Offering is an "underwriter" within the meaning of Section 2(a)(11) of the Securities Act. Digital Offering is under no obligation to purchase any of the shares of Common Stock or arrange for the sale of any specific number or dollar amount of shares of Common Stock. The term of the amended engagement agreement began on August 7, 2025 and will continue until the earliest to occur of: (a) the date that either party gives the other at least ten (10) days written notice of the termination of the engagement agreement, which termination may occur with or without cause; and (b) the date that the Offering is closed (such applicable date, the "Termination Date"). The engagement agreement provides that Digital Offering may engage other Financial Industry Regulatory Authority ("FINRA") member broker-dealers that are registered with the Commission to participate as soliciting dealers for this Offering. We refer to these other broker-dealers as soliciting dealers or members of the selling group. Digital Offering will be permitted to apportion all or part of its fees and expense allowance to members of the selling group. Members of the selling group will also be entitled to receive the benefits of our engagement agreement with Digital Offering, including the indemnification rights arising under the engagement agreement upon their execution of a soliciting dealer agreement with Digital Offering that confirms that such soliciting dealer is so entitled. As of the date hereof, we have been advised that Digital Offering has retained AOS Inc. dba MyIPO and RF Lafferty to participate in this Offering as soliciting dealers. We will not be responsible for paying any placement agency fees, commissions or expense reimbursements to any soliciting dealers retained by Digital Offering. None of the soliciting dealers is purchasing any of the Shares in this Offering or is required to sell any specific number or dollar amount of Shares, but will instead arrange for the sale of the Shares to investors on a "best efforts" basis, meaning that they need only use their best efforts to sell the Shares. In addition to the engagement agreement, we plan to enter into a definitive selling agency agreement with Digital Offering prior to the commencement of the Offering.
Offering Expenses
We are responsible for all offering fees and expenses, including the following: (i) fees and disbursements of our legal counsel, accountants, and other professionals we engage; (ii) fees and expenses incurred in the production of offering documents, including design, printing, photograph, and written material procurement costs; (iii) all filing fees, including those charged by FINRA; (iv) all of the legal fees related to FINRA clearance; and (v) under the Original Engagement Agreement, $25,000 in accountable expenses of Digital Offering, including for travel expenses associated with site visits, tech fees and other related fees. This $25,000 has already been paid to Digital Offering by us. We have agreed to reimburse Digital Offering for up to a maximum of $100,000 in legal fees, $25,000 of which has been paid to date. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the two advances received by Digital Offering and discussed above will be reimbursed to us to the extent not actually incurred in compliance with FINRA Rule 5110(g)(4)(a).
Reimbursable Expenses in the Event of Termination
In the event the Offering does not close or the selling agency agreement is terminated for any reason, we have agreed to reimburse Digital Offering for its legal fees in an amount not to exceed $100,000.
Other Expenses of the Offering
In addition, the Company has engaged Equifund Technologies LLC ("Equifund"), to create and maintain the online subscription processing platform for the Offering. After the Company's Post Qualification Offering Statement is qualified by the Commission, the Offering will be conducted, in part, using EquiDeFi's online subscription processing platform through the Company's website at https://invest.equifund.com/offering/starfighters/details, whereby investors will receive, review, execute and deliver subscription agreements electronically as well as make purchase price payments through a third-party processor by ACH debit transfer, wire transfer or credit card to an account we designate. We will hold closings upon the receipt of investors' subscriptions and our acceptance of such subscriptions.
The Company has paid Equifund a $40,000 onboarding fee and will pay Equifund (i) an estimated $500,000 in investor fees of $50 per investor payable by the Company to Equifund (assuming 10,000 investors in this Offering), (ii) payment processing fees of approximately $850,000, and (iii) estimated fees to cover legal, accounting and EDGARization expenses of the Offering, in addition to any commissions owed.
In addition, the Company intends to pay these fees and will reimburse Equifund for transaction fees and return fees that it incurs for returns and chargebacks in the amounts of credit card processing fees (3.8% per swipe) plus any charge back fees or expenses and 1.25% for each ACH transfer fee, 1.25% for Express wires and $30 for check cashing to all purchasers in lieu of charges to investors.
Please be advised that different payment methods take different amounts of time to clear.
• Wires: 24 hours (one business day) following receipt of funds;
• Checks: 10 days following deposit of funds to the Escrow Agent;
• ACH: 10 days following receipt of funds; and
• Credit and Debit Cards: 24 hours (one business day) following receipt of funds.
The Company maintains the right to accept or reject subscriptions in whole or in part, for any reason or for no reason, including, but not limited to, in the event that an investor fails to provide all necessary information, even after further requests, in the event an investor fails to provide requested follow up information to complete potential background checks or fails background checks, and in the event the Offering is oversubscribed in excess of the maximum offering amount. If a subscription is rejected, funds will not be accepted by wire transfer or ACH, and payments made by debit card or check will be returned to subscribers within 30 days of such rejection without deduction or interest.
Marketing and Advisory Services
The Company has also engaged Little Hill for certain market advisory and consulting services in connection with the Offering pursuant to the terms and conditions of a consulting agreement between the Company and Little Hill dated June 23, 2023 (the "Little Hill Consulting Agreement"). Little Hill will provide the Company with certain advisory and consulting services including (i) reviewing and critiquing website design and marketing materials, (ii) making introductions to financial publications, (iii) coordinating events and meetings related to the Offering, (iv) consulting on organizational and financial issues, business development and business plan preparation for the Company, and (v) providing introductions to professional service providers in connection with the Offering. For these services, the Company has agreed to pay Little Hill an initial cash fee of $150,000 plus additional fees for the services to be agreed upon at a later time based on the services requested by the Company. Additionally, pursuant to the terms and conditions of the Little Hill Consulting Agreement, the Company agreed to issue Little Hill or its designees 2,750,000 LH Warrants, which were issued on September 6, 2023. See "Capitalization."
Selling Agents' Commission
We have agreed that the definitive selling agency agreement will provide for us to pay a commission of 7.50% of the gross proceeds received by us in the Offering following qualification of the Post Qualification Amendment to the Offering Statement of which this Offering Circular forms a part, which shall be allocated by Digital Offering to members of the selling group and soliciting dealers in its sole discretion (we sometimes refer to Digital Offering and such members and dealers collectively as the "Selling Agents").
The following table shows the total commissions payable to Digital Offering on a per-share basis in connection with this Offering, assuming a fully subscribed offering.
| Per Share | |||
| Public offering price | $ | 3.59 | |
| Digital Offering commission (7.5%)* | $ | 0.269 | |
| Proceeds, before expenses, to us, per share | $ | 3.32 |
*Assuming a fully subscribed Offering after qualification of the Post Qualification Amendment, Digital Offering would receive total cash commissions of $1,834,020 (1% on 4,996,697 shares already sold and 7.5% on the remaining 6,145,364 shares to be sold). Digital Offering has agreed to remit $140,000 of this cash commission to the Company as a rebate to be applied towards the Company's platform and marketing fees.
Selling Agent's Warrants
Upon the closing of the Offering, we have agreed to issue warrants (the "Agent Warrants") to the Selling Agents to purchase a number of shares of Common Stock equal to 1.0% of the total number of shares sold in the Offering. The Agent Warrants will be exercisable immediately and transferable commencing six months after the Closing of this Offering (in compliance with FINRA Rule 5110(e)(1)) and will be exercisable until the fifth anniversary of the date of commencement of sales in the Offering. The exercise price for the Agent Warrants will be the public offering price, or $3.59 per share. The Agent Warrants will not be redeemable. The Agent Warrants will provide for cashless exercise in the event there is not a qualified offering statement covering the shares underlying the Agent Warrants, and immediate "piggyback" registration rights, with a duration of seven years from the date of commencement of sales in the Offering (in compliance with FINRA Rule 5110(g)(8)(D)). We have qualified the shares of Common Stock underlying the Agent Warrants in this Offering. Under certain circumstances, we may enter into an agreement with the Selling Agents to provide the Selling Agents with a demand registration right. Pursuant to FINRA Rule 5110(g)(8)(B)-(D), under any such agreement, the Selling Agents shall not be entitled to more than one demand registration right and the duration of this registration right shall not exceed five years from the effective date of the related registration statement.
The Agent Warrants and the shares of Common Stock underlying the Agent Warrants have been deemed compensation by FINRA and are therefore subject to a 180-day lock-up pursuant to Rule 5110(e)(1) of FINRA. The Selling Agents or permitted assignees under such rule, may not sell, transfer, assign, pledge, or hypothecate the Agent Warrants or the shares of Common Stock underlying the Agent Warrants, nor will the Selling Agents or permitted assignees engage in any hedging, short sale, derivative, put, or call transaction that would result in the effective economic disposition of the Agent Warrants or the underlying shares of Common Stock for a period of 180 days from the date of Closing of the Offering, except that they may be transferred, in whole or in part, by operation of law or by reason of our reorganization, or to any Selling Agent or selected dealer participating in the Offering and their officers, partners or registered representatives if the Agent Warrants or the underlying shares of Common Stock so transferred remain subject to the foregoing lock-up restrictions for the remainder of the time period. The Agent Warrants will provide for adjustment in the number and price of such warrants (and the shares of Common Stock underlying such Agent Warrants) to prevent dilution in the event of a stock dividend, stock split or other reclassification of the shares.
Pooling Agreements
Except as described below, certain of our officers, directors, and stockholders have agreed, or will agree, with the Company, to enter into a pooling agreement (the "Pooling Agreement"). The Pooling Agreement imposes contractual resale restrictions on "pooled securities," defined to include all shares of common stock held by the participating securityholders, as well as all shares issuable upon exercise of outstanding share purchase warrants and all shares issuable upon conversion of outstanding secured convertible debentures. The Pooling Agreement restrictions prohibit securityholders from selling, transferring, pledging, or otherwise disposing of any legal or beneficial interest in their pooled securities for a period of 180 days following the Company's listing on the NYSE American, subject to certain exceptions for earlier release of up to a maximum of 50% of the pooled securities in the event certain trading price and volume thresholds are achieved over certain time periods. Our CEO has agreed to enter into a separate pooling agreement whereby (i) 10% of his pooled securities will be released after 18, 24, 30, and 36 months following the Company's listing on the NYSE American, (ii) 15% of his pooled securities will be released after 42, 48, 54 and 60 months following the Company's listing on the NYSE American, and (iii) up to 50% of the pooled securities in each release interval will be subject to earlier release in the vent certain trading price and volume thresholds are achieved over certain time periods. This approach is intended to prevent significant, disruptive sales into the market immediately following the listing, while allowing for a gradual increase in liquidity for securityholders as the Company's shares demonstrate sustained trading performance.
The Pooling Agreement does not apply to securities issued hereunder, or to securities issued pursuant to existing employee benefit plans or securities issued upon exercise of stock options or settlement of restricted stock units. The outstanding stock options do not vest until 180 days from the date of listing on the NYSE American, and the outstanding restricted stock units contain vesting provisions which mirror the contractual resale restrictions on the pooled securities under the Pooling Agreement.
Exchange Listing
We intend to apply to list shares of our Common Stock on the NYSE American under the symbol "FJET" after the final closing of the Offering. Although we believe that we currently meet the NYSE American initial listing standards, neither we nor Digital Offering can guarantee that the NYSE American will approve our listing application. If our Common Stock is not approved for listing on the NYSE American, we will not complete the Offering contemplated hereby. Our Common Stock will not commence trading on the NYSE American until each of the following conditions is met: (i) this Offering is terminated; (ii) we have filed a post-qualification amendment to the Offering Statement, which post-qualification amendment is qualified by the Commission; and (iii) we have filed a registration statement on Form 8-A, which Form 8-A has been declared effective by the Commission. Pursuant to applicable rules under Regulation A, the Form 8-A will not become effective until the Commission qualifies the post-qualification amendment. We intend to file the post-qualification amendment and request its qualification immediately prior to the termination of this Offering in order that the Form 8-A may become effective as soon as practicable thereafter. Even if we meet the minimum requirements for listing on the NYSE American, we may wait before terminating this Offering and commencing the trading of our Common Stock on the NYSE American in order to raise additional proceeds. As a result, you may experience a delay between the closing of your purchase of shares of our Common Stock and the commencement of exchange trading of our Common Stock on the NYSE American. No assurance can be given, however, that our application to list on the NYSE American will be approved or that an active trading market for our Common Stock will develop.
Pricing of the Offering
Prior to the Offering, there has been no public market for the Shares. The initial public offering price has been determined by negotiation between us and Digital Offering. The principal factors considered in determining the initial public offering price include:
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the information set forth in this Offering Circular and otherwise available to Digital Offering; |
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our history and prospects and the history of and prospects for the industry in which we compete; |
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our past and present financial performance; |
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our prospects for future earnings and the present state of our development; |
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an assessment of our management; |
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the general condition of the securities markets at the time of this Offering; |
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the recent market prices of, and demand for, publicly traded securities of generally comparable companies; and |
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other factors deemed relevant by Digital Offering and us. |
Indemnification
We have agreed to indemnify the lead selling agent, its affiliates and controlling persons and members of the selling group against certain liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act. If we are unable to provide this indemnification, we will contribute to the payments the lead selling agent, its affiliates and controlling persons as may be required to make in respect of these liabilities.
Our Relationship with the Lead Selling Agent
The lead selling agent and its affiliates are engaged in various activities, which may include securities trading, commercial and investment banking, financial advisory, investment management, investment research, principal investment, hedging, financing and brokerage activities. The lead selling agent and its affiliates may in the future perform various financial advisory and investment banking services for us, for which they will receive customary fees and expenses.
In the ordinary course of their various business activities, Digital Offering and its affiliates may make or hold a broad array of investments and actively trade debt and equity securities (or related derivative securities) and financial instruments (including bank loans) for their own account and for the accounts of their customers, and such investment and securities activities may involve securities and/or instruments of the Company. Digital Offering and its affiliates may also make investment recommendations and/or publish or express independent research views in respect of such securities or instruments, or recommend to clients that they acquire, long and/or short positions in such securities and instruments.
Investment Limitations if We Do Not Obtain a Listing on a National Securities Exchange
As set forth in Title IV of the JOBS Act, there would be no limit on how many shares an investor may purchase if this Offering results in a listing of our Common Stock on the NYSE American or other national securities exchange. However, our Common Stock will not be listed on the NYSE American upon the qualification of this post-qualification amendment to the Offering Statement by the Commission. Additionally, we cannot provide any assurance that our application to list on the NYSE American will be approved.
For individuals who are not accredited investors, if we are not listed on the NYSE American, no sale may be made to you in this Offering if the aggregate purchase price you pay is more than 10% of the greater of your annual income or net worth (please see "- Procedures for Subscribing - How to Calculate Net Worth" below). Different rules apply to accredited investors and non-natural persons. Before making any representation that your investment does not exceed applicable thresholds, we encourage you to review Rule 251(d)(2)(i)(C) of Regulation A. For general information on investing, we encourage you to refer to www.investor.gov.
Because this is a Tier 2, Regulation A offering, most investors in the case of trading on the over-the-counter markets must comply with the 10% limitation on investment in this Offering. The only investors in this Offering exempt from this limitation, if our Common Stock is not listed on the NYSE American, are "accredited investors" as defined under Rule 501 of Regulation D under the Securities Act (each, an "Accredited Investor"). If you meet one of the following tests you should qualify as an Accredited Investor:
| (i) | You are a natural person who has had individual income in excess of $200,000 in each of the two most recent years, or joint income with your spouse in excess of $300,000 in each of these years, and have a reasonable expectation of reaching the same income level in the current year; | |
| (ii) | You are a natural person and your individual net worth, or joint net worth with your spouse, exceeds $1,000,000 at the time you purchase Shares (please see "- How to Calculate Net Worth" below); | |
| (iii) | You are an executive officer or general partner of the issuer or a director, executive officer or general partner of the general partner of the issuer; | |
| (iv) | You are a holder in good standing of the General Securities Representative license (Series 7), the Private Securities Offerings Representative license (Series 82), and the Licensed Investment Adviser Representative (Series 65), each as issued by FINRA; | |
| (v) | You are a corporation, limited liability company, partnership or are an organization described in Section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, a corporation or similar business trust or a partnership, not formed for the specific purpose of acquiring the shares of Common Stock, with total assets in excess of $5,000,000; | |
| (vi) | You are a bank or a savings and loan association or other institution as defined in the Securities Act, a broker or dealer registered pursuant to Section 15 of the Exchange Act, an insurance company as defined by the Securities Act, an investment company registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940 (the "Investment Company Act"), or a business development company as defined in that act, any Small Business Investment Company licensed by the Small Business Investment Act of 1958 or a private business development company as defined in the Investment Advisers Act of 1940; | |
| (vii) | You are an entity (including an Individual Retirement Account trust) in which each equity owner is an accredited investor; | |
| (viii) | You are a trust with total assets in excess of $5,000,000, your purchase of Shares is directed by a person who either alone or with his purchaser representative(s) (as defined in Regulation D promulgated under the Securities Act) has such knowledge and experience in financial and business matters that he is capable of evaluating the merits and risks of the prospective investment, and you were not formed for the specific purpose of investing in the shares of Common Stock; | |
| (ix) | You are a plan established and maintained by a state, its political subdivisions, or any agency or instrumentality of a state or its political subdivisions, for the benefit of its employees, if such plan has assets in excess of $5,000,000; | |
| (x) | You are a Commission or state-registered investment adviser or a federally exempt reporting adviser; |
| (xi) | You are a Rural Business Investment Company as defined in section 384A of the Consolidated Farm and Rural Development Act; | |
| (xii) | You are an entity not listed above that that owns "investments," in excess of $5 million and that was not formed for the specific purpose of investing in the securities offered; or | |
| (xiii) | You are an Investor certifies that (A) it is a "family office" as defined in Rule 202(a)(11)(G)-1 under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940 (i) with at least $5 million in assets under management, (ii) not formed for the specific purpose of acquiring the securities offered and (iii) whose investment is directed by a person who has such knowledge and experience in financial and business matters that such family office is capable of evaluating the merits and risks of the prospective investment or (B) that it is a "family client" as defined in Rule 202(a)(11)(G)-1, of a family office meeting the criteria specified above. |
This Offering will start on or after the date that the Offering is qualified by the Commission and will terminate on the earliest of the date at which the maximum offering amount has been sold, one year from the date upon which the Commission qualifies the post-qualification amendment to the Offering Statement of which this Offering Circular forms a part and the date at which the Offering is earlier terminated by the Company, in its sole discretion.
Procedures for Subscribing
Escrow Account
Investors will be required to deposit their funds to the Enterprise Bank & Trust Escrow Account. We intend to undertake one closing for this Offering. Any such funds that Enterprise Bank & Trust receives shall be held in escrow until the closing of the Offering takes place or such other time as mutually agreed between the Company and Digital Offering, and then used to complete securities purchases, or returned if this Offering fails to close. All subscribers will be instructed by the Company or its agents to transfer funds by wire or ACH transfer directly to the escrow account established for this Offering.
The fees payable to the Escrow Agent, which will be paid by the Company are as follows:
• $1,000.00 escrow account fee;
• $10.00/per 1099 filing;
• $25.00 per outgoing wire;
• $12.50 per incoming domestic wire;
• $45.00 per international wire;
• $100.00 per additional disbursement; and
• $6.00 per demand statement.
Other Procedures for Subscribing
Our transfer agent is Nevada Agency and Transfer Company. Our transfer agent will record and maintain records of the shares of Common Stock issued of record by us, including shares issued of record to the Depositary Trust Corporation, which we refer to as the DTC, or its nominee, Cede & Co., for the benefit of broker-dealers. In the event that we do not qualify or list on NYSE American, the Offering will not close and subscription funds will be returned to subscribers from the escrow account, without interest or deduction. All other investors that participate through the Enterprise Bank & Trust Escrow Account, shall have their shares held at Nevada Agency and Trust Company in digital book entry. Such shares may be transferred to the investor's outside brokerage account by requesting their outside broker dealer to effect such transfer. Request for transfer may only be made by the outside broker dealer of the investor.
Prospective investors investing through MyIPO or Other Broker-Dealers will acquire our Common Shares through book-entry order by opening an account with MyIPO or an Other Broker-Dealer, or by utilizing an existing MyIPO account or account with an Other Broker-Dealer. In each such case, the account will be an account owned by the investor and held at the clearing firm of such Other Broker-Dealer, as the clearing firm for the exclusive benefit of such investor.
You may not subscribe to this Offering prior to the date this Offering is qualified by the Commission, which we will refer to as the qualification date. Before the qualification date, you may only make non-binding indications of your interest to purchase securities in the Offering. For any subscription agreements received after the qualification date, we have the right to review and accept or reject the subscription in whole or in part, for any reason or for no reason. If a closing doesn't occur or a subscription is rejected, the subscription will be cancelled and we will return all funds to the rejected investor within ten business days. If accepted, the funds will remain in the escrow account until we determine to have the closing of the Offering and the funds in escrow will then be transferred into our general account.
Non-U.S. investors may participate in this Offering by depositing their funds in the escrow account held at Enterprise Bank & Trust; any such funds that Enterprise Bank & Trust receives shall be held in escrow until the closing of this Offering or such other time as mutually agreed between the Company and the Selling Agents, and then used to complete securities purchases, or returned if this Offering fails to close.
How to Purchase Securities
Investors may subscribe through https://invest.equifund.com/offering/starfighters/details by tendering funds by wire, credit, or debit card or ACH transfer to the escrow account to be set up at Enterprise Bank & Trust, the escrow agent. Tendered funds will remain in escrow until a closing has occurred. Upon each closing, funds tendered by investors will be made available to us for our use. We will not cover credit card fees on behalf of investors.
Procedures for subscribing directly through the Company's website
The subscription procedure is summarized as follows:
| 1. | Go to the https://invest.equifund.com/offering/starfighters/details website and click on the "Invest Now" button; | |
| 2. | Complete the online investment form; | |
| 3. | Deliver funds directly by wire, debit card, credit card or electronic funds transfer via ACH to the specified escrow account; | |
| 4. | Once funds or documentation are received an automated Anti Money Laundering ("AML") check will be performed to verify the identity and status of the investor; | |
| 5. | Once AML is verified, investor will electronically receive, review, execute and deliver to us a subscription agreement. Investors will be required to complete a subscription agreement in order to invest. The subscription agreement will include a representation by the investor to the effect that, if the investor is not an "accredited investor" as defined under securities law, the investor is investing an amount that does not exceed the greater of 10% of the investor's annual income or 10% of the investor's net worth (excluding the investor's principal residence). |
Right to Reject Subscriptions
After we receive your complete, executed subscription agreement (forms of which are attached to the Offering Statement, of which this Offering Circular forms a part, as Exhibits 4.1 and 4.2) and the funds required under the subscription agreement have been transferred to the Enterprise Bank & Trust Escrow Account or such other selected dealer designated escrow account, we have the right to review and accept or reject your subscription in whole or in part, for any reason or for no reason. We will return all monies from rejected subscriptions immediately to you, without interest or deduction.
Acceptance of Subscriptions
Upon our acceptance of a subscription agreement, we will countersign the subscription agreement and issue the shares of subscribed for Common Stock at closing. Once you submit the subscription agreement and it is accepted, you may not revoke or change your subscription or request your subscription funds. All accepted subscription agreements are irrevocable.
Under Rule 251 of Regulation A, unless a company's offered securities are listed on a national securities exchange, non-accredited, non-natural person investors are subject to the investment limitation and may only invest funds which do not exceed 10% of the greater of the purchaser's revenue or net assets (as of the purchaser's most recent fiscal year end). As a result, for so long as our Common Stock is not listed on the NYSE American, non-accredited, natural person may only invest funds in our Common Stock which do not exceed 10% of the greater of the purchaser's annual income or net worth (please see below on how to calculate your net worth).
How to Calculate Net Worth
For the purposes of calculating your net worth, it is defined as the difference between total assets and total liabilities. This calculation must exclude the value of your primary residence and may exclude any indebtedness secured by your primary residence (up to an amount equal to the value of your primary residence). In the case of fiduciary accounts, net worth and/or income suitability requirements may be satisfied by the beneficiary of the account or by the fiduciary, if the fiduciary directly or indirectly provides funds for the purchase of the shares of Common Stock.
In order to purchase the shares of Common Stock and prior to the acceptance of any funds from an investor, for so long as our Common Stock is not listed on the NYSE American, an investor in our Common Stock will be required to represent, to the Company's satisfaction, that he or she is either an accredited investor or is in compliance with the 10% of net worth or annual income limitation on investment in this Offering.
No Minimum Offering Amount
There is no minimum offering amount in this Offering and we may close on any funds that we receive. Potential investors should be aware that there can be no assurance that any other funds will be invested in this Offering other than their own funds.
No Selling Security Holders
No securities are being sold for the account of security holders; all net proceeds of this Offering will go to the Company.
Transfer Agent and Registrar
The Company has engaged Nevada Agency and Trust Company, a registered transfer agent with the Commission, who will serve as transfer agent to maintain stockholder information on a book-entry basis.
Provisions of Note in our Subscription Agreement
Forum Selection Provision
The subscription agreement that investors will execute in connection with the Offering includes a forum selection provision that requires any claims against the Company based on the subscription agreement to be instituted exclusively in the Delaware Court of Chancery, or if the Delaware Court of Chancery determines that it does not have subject matter jurisdiction, the U.S. District Court for the District of Delaware or any court of the State of Delaware having subject matter jurisdiction regarding the matter, for the purpose of any suit, action or other proceeding arising out of or based upon the agreement. Although we believe the provision benefits us by providing increased consistency in the application of Florida law in the types of lawsuits to which it applies and in limiting our litigation costs, to the extent it is enforceable, the forum selection provision may limit investors' ability to bring claims in judicial forums that they find favorable to such disputes and may discourage lawsuits with respect to such claims. The Company has adopted the provision to limit the time and expense incurred by its management to challenge any such claims. As a company with a small management team, this provision allows its officers to not lose a significant amount of time traveling to any particular forum so they may continue to focus on the operations of the Company. Section 22 of the Securities Act creates concurrent jurisdiction for federal and state courts over all suits brought to enforce any duty or liability created by the Securities Act or the rules and regulations thereunder. We believe that the exclusive forum provision applies to claims arising under the Securities Act, but there is uncertainty as to whether a court would enforce such a provision in this context. Section 27 of the Exchange Act creates exclusive federal jurisdiction over all suits brought to enforce any duty or liability created by the Exchange Act or the rules and regulations thereunder. As a result, the exclusive forum provision will not apply to suits brought to enforce any duty or liability created by the Exchange Act or any other claim for which the federal courts have exclusive jurisdiction. Investors will not be deemed to have waived the Company's compliance with the federal securities laws and the rules and regulations thereunder.
Jury Trial Waiver
The subscription agreement that investors will execute in connection with the Offering provides that subscribers waive the right to a jury trial of any claim they may have against us arising out of or relating to the agreement, other than claims arising under federal securities laws. If we opposed a jury trial demand based on the waiver, a court would determine whether the waiver was enforceable given the facts and circumstances of that case in accordance with applicable case law. In addition, by agreeing to the provision, subscribers will not be deemed to have waived the Company's compliance with the federal securities laws and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.
Offer Restrictions Outside the United States
Other than in the United States, no action has been taken by us or the lead selling agent that would permit a public offering of the securities offered by this Offering Circular in any jurisdiction where action for that purpose is required. The securities offered by this Offering Circular may not be offered or sold, directly or indirectly, nor may this Offering Circular or any other offering material or advertisements in connection with the offer and sale of any such securities be distributed or published in any jurisdiction, except under circumstances that will result in compliance with the applicable rules and regulations of that jurisdiction. Persons into whose possession this Offering Circular comes are advised to inform themselves about and to observe any restrictions relating to the Offering and the distribution of this Offering Circular. This offering circular does not constitute an offer to sell or a solicitation of an offer to buy any securities offered by this Offering Circular in any jurisdiction in which such an offer or a solicitation is unlawful.
USE OF PROCEEDS
Assuming that the Maximum Amount of $40,000,000 is raised, the net proceeds of this Offering would be approximately $36,175,980 after subtracting selling commissions of approximately $1,834,020 payable by us to the Lead Selling Agent, an estimated $500,000 in investor fees payable by us to Equifund (assuming 10,000 investors in this Offering), and approximately $1,490,000 in Offering expenses payable by us (which would include items such as EDGARization, filing, printing, legal, marketing, accounting and other miscellaneous expenses, as well as payment processing fees payable to Equifund). If the Company successfully raises the Maximum Amount, the Company intends to use the proceeds for research and development, asset improvement and pilot training, sales and marketing efforts, capital expenditures, inventory purchases, investor relations, the repayment of certain outstanding loans and general corporate purposes.
Assuming a raise of $30,000,000, representing 75% of the Maximum Amount, the net proceeds would be approximately $27,263,480 after subtracting selling commission of approximately $1,084,020 payable by us to the Lead Selling Agent, and estimated $375,000 in investor fees payable by us to Equifund (assuming 7,500 investors in this Offering), and approximately $1,277,500 in Offering expenses payable by us (which would include items such as EDGARization, filing, printing, legal, marketing, accounting and other miscellaneous expenses, as well as payment processing fees payable to Equifund). If Company successfully raises 75% of the Maximum Amount under this raise the Company intends to use the proceeds for research and development, asset improvement and pilot training, sales and marketing efforts, capital expenditures, inventory purchases, investor relations, the repayment of outstanding loans and general corporate purposes.
Assuming a raise of $20,000,000, representing 50% of the maximum offering amount, the net proceeds would be approximately $18,350,980 after subtracting selling commission of approximately $334,020 payable by us to the Lead Selling Agent, and estimated $250,000 in investor fees payable by us to Equifund (assuming 5,000 investors in this Offering), and approximately $1,065,000 in Offering expenses payable by us (which would include items such as EDGARization, filing, printing, legal, marketing, accounting and other miscellaneous expenses, as well as payment processing fees payable to Equifund). If Company successfully raises 50% of the Maximum Amount under this raise the Company intends to use the proceeds for research and development, sales and marketing efforts, capital expenditures, inventory purchases, investor relations, the repayment of outstanding loans and general corporate purposes.
Please see the table below for a summary the Company's estimated intended use of proceeds from this Offering:
| $40 Million Raise (100%) |
$30 Million Raise (75%) |
$20 Million Raise (50%) |
|||||||
| Offering Proceeds | |||||||||
| Gross Proceeds | $ | 40,000,000 | $ | 30,000,000 | $ | 20,000,000 | |||
| Offering Expenses(1) | $ | 1,490,000 | $ | 1,277,500 | $ | 1,065,000 | |||
| Investor Fee(2) | $ | 500,000 | $ | 375,000 | $ | 250,000 | |||
| Selling Commissions(3) | $ | 1,834,020 | $ | 1,084,020 | $ | 334,020 | |||
| Total Proceeds Available for Use | $ | 36,175,980 | $ | 27,263,480 | $ | 18,350,980 | |||
| Estimated Expenses | |||||||||
| Research & Development | $ | 4,000,000 | $ | 3,500,000 | $ | 3,000,000 | |||
| Asset Improvement & Training | $ | 2,000,000 | $ | 1,000,000 | $ | 1,000,000 | |||
| Sales & Marketing | $ | 1,500,000 | $ | 1,000,000 | $ | 500,000 | |||
| Capital Expenditures | $ | 8,000,000 | $ | 6,915,000 | $ | 5,000,000 | |||
| Inventory(4) | $ | 1,750,000 | $ | 1,000,000 | $ | 1,000,000 | |||
| Investor Relations | $ | 7,000,000 | $ | 6,500,000 | $ | 4,000,000 | |||
| Loan Repayment | $ | 770,000 | $ | 770,000 | $ | 770,000 | |||
| General & Administrative | $ | 1,251,000 | $ | 1,251,000 | $ | 251,000 | |||
| Executive Compensation | 576,000 | 576,000 | 576,000 | ||||||
| Total Expenditures | $ | 26,847,000 | $ | 22,512,000 | $ | 16,097,000 | |||
| Working Capital Reserves(5) | $ | 9,328,980 | $ | 4,751,480 | $ | 2,253,980 |
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Notes:
(1) Includes estimated legal, accounting, EDGARization, payment processing fees, and other expenses of the Offering, but excludes investor fees payable to Equifund and sales commissions payable to the Lead Selling Agent.
(2) Assumes 10,000 investors at 100% of raise, 7,500 investors at 75% of raise, and 5,000 investors at 50% of raise.
(3) We have paid the Lead Selling Agent a cash commission of 1.0% on the sale of Shares in this Offering to date. The Lead Selling Agent will receive commissions paid by the Company of 7.5% of the Offering proceeds of the remaining Shares in this Offering from the date hereof. Digital Offering has agreed to remit $140,000 of this cash commission to the Company as a rebate to be applied towards the Company's platform and marketing fees.
(4) Consists primarily of StarLaunch I rockets and related equipment to be acquired in connection with completing the FAA licensing process and to provide satellite launch services following the acquisition of an FAA launch license.
(5) Working capital reserves represent the excess funds above the Company's immediate capital needs. Management may deploy working capital reserves as it determines is in the best interests of the Company, including but not limited to, the purchase of additional inventory, capital expenditures and expansion plans, sales and marketing, and hiring additional team members.
The Company reserves the right to change the above use of proceeds if management believes it is in the best interests of the Company.
The amounts set forth above are our current estimates for such development, and we cannot be certain that actual costs will not vary from these estimates. Our management has significant flexibility and broad discretion in applying the net proceeds received in this Offering. We cannot assure you that our assumptions, expected costs and expenses and estimates will prove to be accurate or that unforeseen events, problems or delays will not occur that would require us to seek additional debt and/or equity funding, which may not be available on favorable terms, or at all. See "Risk Factors" starting on page 12.
The Company intends to use a portion of the proceeds raised in this Offering to repay a portion of its outstanding debt, including some but not all of the following:
The Company also intends to use a portion of the proceeds raised in this Offering to fund the compensation payable to its executive officers as described under "Compensation of Directors and Executive Officers".
The expected use of the net proceeds from this Offering represents our intentions based upon our current financial condition, results of operations, business plans and conditions. As of the date of this Offering Circular, we cannot predict with certainty all of the particular uses for the net proceeds to be received upon the closing of this Offering or the amounts that we will actually spend on the uses set forth above. The amounts and timing of our actual expenditures may vary significantly depending on numerous factors. As a result, our management will retain broad discretion over the allocation of the net proceeds from this Offering.
Although our business does not presently generate sufficient cash to finance our operations, we believe that if we raise the Maximum Amount in this Offering, that we will have sufficient capital to finance our operations for at least the next 12 months. However, if we do not sell the Maximum Amount or if our operating and development costs are higher than expected, we will need to obtain additional financing prior to that time, or otherwise scale down operations as contemplated in the chart above related to use of proceeds dependent on the percentage of offering sold, or scale down otherwise. Further, we expect that during or after such 12-month period, we will be required to raise additional funds to finance our operations until such time that we can conduct profitable revenue-generating activities.
We may use a portion of the net proceeds for the investment in strategic partnerships and possibly the acquisition of complementary businesses, products or technologies, although we have no present commitments or agreements for any specific acquisitions or investments.
DIVIDEND POLICY
We have never declared or paid cash dividends on our shares of Common Stock. We currently intend to retain all available funds and any future earnings for use in the operation of our business and do not anticipate paying any cash dividends in the near future. We may also enter into credit agreements or other borrowing arrangements in the future that will restrict our ability to declare or pay cash dividends. Any future determination to declare dividends will be made at the discretion of our board of directors and will depend on our financial condition, operating results, capital requirements, contractual restrictions, general business conditions and other factors that our board of directors may deem relevant.
DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS
Overview
The Company's mission statement is to make space accessible to entrepreneurs, researchers, industry, and government at a high cadence and the right cost.
Currently, the Company operates the world's only commercial fleet of flight-ready Lockheed F-104s. The Lockheed F-104 was developed as a supersonic aircraft for the United States Armed Forces. The single engine interceptor was favoured for its maximum altitude and climb performance. It was the first production aircraft to reach over MACH 2 in sustained, level flight, which was one of the key criteria as to why the NASA used the Lockheed F-104 for high-speed flight research at the Dryden Flight Research Center. The Lockheed F-104 also performed many safety chase missions in support of advanced research aircraft and provided a launch platform for sounding rockets.8 Test flights showed that a Lockheed F-104 launched single-stage Viper sounding rocket attain a maximum 112km in altitude.9 In total, the Lockheed F-104 flew over 18,000 missions for NASA. NASA retired the Lockheed F-104 in 199510 with transition to the McDonnell Douglas F/A-18 Hornet supersonic Aircraft.11
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8 Jarosław Dobrzyński, Lockheed F-104 Starfighter 90 (Mushroom Model Publications) (2015).
9 F-104 Launched Sounding Rockets, The Unwanted Blog (Jun. 2, 2012), The Unwanted Blog.
10 F-104 Starfighter, NASA (Sept. 27, 2009), NASA.
11 Roy Bryant, The Lockheed F104s of NASAs Flight Research Center, Stars of NASA (Feb. 2004), Stars of NASA.
Recent increases in government expenditures and commercial investment are driving growth in the space economy.12 The Company believes this increase has created a demand for services similar to what the Lockheed F-104s formerly owned by NASA used to provide. That demand is for commercial, research and defense technologies including hypersonic research13 To the Company's knowledge, there is currently no other aircraft commercially available to the public with the capabilities of the Lockheed F-104 in terms of speed and climbing performance.
The Company aims to address these needs through its existing fleet of seven Lockheed F-104 Aircraft, currently based at NASA's Kennedy Space Center (the "KSC") and Midland International Air and Space Port (the "MIASP"), as well as through the acquisition of the Platform II Aircraft which the Company believes will provide more advanced capabilities and have a longer operating lifespan. Starfighters is providing its core group of Historical Services, while developing the capacity for New Services. The Company organizes its services into the following categories:
Pilot and Astronaut Training; Launch Services and Access to Space; and
In-flight Testing.
Launch Services and "Access to Space" (commercial, academic, civil and government); and
Airborne Testbed for Hypersonic Research and Development ("R&D") and Test and Evaluation ("T&E") Test Bed (commercial, academic, civil and government).
Our Products and Services
Historically, Starfighters generated the majority of its income from its Historical Services of pilot training and in-flight testing, and continues to do so today. We expect to demand for our Historical Services grow with the evolution of commercial supersonic flight. The Company also plans to expand into new lines of revenue and services, being the New Services. As the commercialization of space has accelerated, the Company believes there is an opportunity to utilize its fleet to fill what we believe is a growing need for strategic access to space and airborne testing for the next generation of hypersonic air-launched rockets and commercial supersonic aircraft. For the last two years, the Company has been developing two new lines of business, Launch Services and Hypersonic R&D and T&E. The New Services form the foundation of the Company's growth plan. In 2023, the Company announced its first testing agreements and is working to expand those services. During the year we also flew pilot training missions for Boom Supersonic, a commercial supersonic aircraft developer. At the same time the Company elected to co-develop its second stage launch system (referred to as StarLaunch I) with Innoveering, LLC, which was acquired by GE Aeronautics in late 2022.
Launch Services
As the Company has identified access to space as becoming increasingly in demand for both government and commercial interests, we identified a new use for our platform. The Starfighters fleet could act as horizontally-launched, piloted vehicles capable of acting as a first stage in launching smaller payloads into space. The Company is now in the process of developing a second stage rocket, StarLaunch I, capable of carrying smaller payloads into space. To that end, the Company has partnered with GE Aeronautics to develop a prototype StarLaunch I, a proprietary design, underwing, air-launch rocket capable of carrying small payloads into space in a manner that the Company believes can be more economical and with reduced turnaround and relaunch time compared to traditional rockets. The Company believes a further advantage in its development process is the ability to use a proven military aircraft, such as the Lockheed F-104, in conjunction with the StarLaunch I rocket which is initially based on the proven design and current missile technology.
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12 Supra note 1.
13 U.S. Naval Institute Staff, Report to Congress on Hypersonic Weapons, U.S. Naval Institute (Feb. 16, 2024, 12:27 PM), U.S. Naval Institute.
The StarLaunch I family of rockets is designed to use the Lockheed F-104 as the first stage of the rocket. This carries advantages of reliability, reusability, control, and reduced cost. The StarLaunch I rocket is designed to carry payloads to sub-orbital altitudes. In 2023, the Company began to explore options for the ability of its fleet to carry larger payloads further into space. The rocket that will carry payloads to orbit has been named StarLaunch II.
The Company has identified a potential solution in the Platform II Aircraft, and is in negotiations to acquire the aircraft and support materials. The Company is aiming to complete the purchase of its Platform II Aircraft by Q4 2025 (assuming that the Company raises sufficient proceeds from this Offering and/or from other sources), and has already been recommended as the next generation test and launch bed by the United States Air Force Research Lab.

The launch process:
1. The Company's first stage aircraft launches from a traditional runway without the need for derrick or cranes;
2. The Company's first stage aircraft reaches critical height and launches the StarLaunch second stage rocket, with the optimum height being dependent on the mission;
3. StarLaunch I boosts to suborbital altitude and deploys payloads;
4. StarLaunch II boosts to low earth orbit and deploys small-satellites; and
5. The Company's first stage aircraft lands, refuels, reloads for additional missions.
The Company has completed the underwing captive carry test with the FAA using the National Research Council of Italy's Aviolancio rocket platform. This milestone marks the first phase of flight testing. Separately, the Company has commenced development of its dedicated launch platform, StarLaunch I. Currently, the StarLauch I Test Article's External Surface Engineering is complete, and the company is on track for flight testing in Q2/Q3 2025. Subject to securing requisite regulatory approvals and adequate funding, Starfighters targets its first commercial launch by year-end 2025. A successful launch and associated compliance will enable the issuance of a five-year FAA launch license (assuming the Company raises sufficient proceeds from this Offering to execute on its business plan - see "Use of Proceeds").
Hypersonic R&D and T&E Test Bed
Hypersonic technology and its commercial applications is an emerging sector in aerospace. The Company's unique position as one of the only commercial entities with first stage jet aircraft capable of sustained MACH 2 flight, combined with its ability to launch targeted altitude payloads, allows it to capitalize on the burgeoning hypersonic market.
The potential for the Company's hypersonic business is multifaceted. Firstly, there is a growing demand for hypersonic testbeds in both the defense and commercial sectors. The Company's involvement in the Hypersonic and High-Cadence Airborne Testing Capabilities ("HyCAT") initiative, in partnership with Innoveering LLC and under the auspices of the Defense Innovation Unit of the U.S. Department of Defense, showcases the Company's capability and readiness to meet these demands.
Moreover, the limited availability of wind tunnel time for hypersonic research in the United States opens a significant market opportunity for the Company. The Company's fleet of Lockheed F-104 aircraft can serve as an effective alternative for delivering practical data results swiftly and predictably, a service in demand from government and private sector clients engaged in hypersonic research and development.
Additionally, the Company's collaborative efforts with other contractors and partners in the HyCAT program, such as GE Aerospace and Spectre Propulsion, indicate a strong potential for joint ventures and partnerships. These collaborations could lead to advancements in propulsion technologies and guidance systems, further enhancing the Company's offerings in the hypersonic market.
Supersonic Platform for Testing and In-flight Services
Utilizing the supersonic speed and flight profile characteristics of the Lockheed F-104, the Company has performed research and development services for several commercial, civilian, academic, and defense clients. These services include:
Captive carry payload testing;
Windstream testing with flight conditions that mirror supersonic or launch conditions;
Payloads for high altitude and hypersonic testing;
Termination flight system testing;
Space flight hardware testing and qualification;
Suborbital spaceflight simulation;
Supersonic and hypersonic research; and
Hardware testing, including batteries, optics, receivers/transmitters.
Defense, Civil, Academic and Commercial Services
The Company also provides a number of defense and commercial services to its clients, including:
Jet warbird training & familiarization;
Adversary air training support;
Video production and photography;
Human factors and flight physiology testing; and
Avionics testing and qualification.
Pilot and Astronaut Training - Supersonic
The Company provides a training platform for pilots who will fly the next generation of supersonic commercial aircraft. The commercialization potential extends beyond testing services. The Company's expertise and capabilities position them to develop and offer innovative solutions in supersonic travel and transportation. The emerging market for supersonic passenger travel and ultra-fast cargo delivery is still in its infancy, but the Company has already been working with companies such as Boom Aviation to provide pilot training and other testing. The Company aims to leverage both its pilot training and testing capabilities to develop a role in this space.
The Company has authorization from the FAA that permits the Company to use the space above NASA's Kennedy Space Center for pilot training; the Company is currently the only civilian company that is permitted to do so. A FAA Letter of Authorization along with a Letter of Deviation Authority allows licensed pilots to receive type-specific training in the same jets that NASA has used for decades to prepare their astronauts for spaceflight and to conduct aeronautical research. This limited-access training is designed to enhance confidence and flight safety through comprehensive ground training sessions and back-seat flight operations in the controlled airspace above NASA's Kennedy Space Center and the United States Space Force's Range over the Atlantic Ocean. In addition to pilot training, the Company also offer suborbital space flight participants the opportunity to experience a real work flight profile environment.
Competition
The industry in which the Company operates is subject to intense technological and regulatory change. We face, and will continue to face, competition from other companies. Some of these competitors can be expected to have longer operating histories and more financial resources and experience than us. Increased competition by larger and better-financed competitors could materially and adversely affect the business, financial condition, results of operations or prospects of the Company. Because of the early stage of the industry in which the Company operates, the Company expects to face additional competition from new entrants. To become and remain competitive, the Company will require capital for research and development, asset improvement and pilot training, sales and marketing efforts, capital expenditures, inventory purchases, investor relations, the repayment of outstanding loans and general corporate purposes. The Company may not have sufficient resources to maintain its operations on a competitive basis, which could materially and adversely affect the business, financial condition, results of operations or prospects of the Company.
The Company's primary sources of competition fall into three (3) categories:
companies providing dedicated and rideshare launch vehicles to deliver small payloads to generic and custom planes/inclinations and altitude trajectories, such as Northrop Grumman, SpaceX, United Launch Alliance (a joint venture between Lockheed Martin Corporation and The Boeing Company), Rocket Labs, and established Russian, Indian, Chinese, European, and Japanese launch providers;
companies that are reported to have plans to provide launch vehicles that can deliver payloads to a range of planes/inclinations and altitude trajectories; and
companies that perform research into hypersonic rockets and components, wind tunnel testing, satellite and/or rocket component testing.
In the market in which the Company operates, the principal competitive factors include:
equipment flight history, heritage, and reliability;
equipment flight profile characteristics, including speed, range, maneuverability, flexibility, and reusability;
launch schedule timeline and flexibility;
ability to customize products to meet specific needs of the customer;
jet performance and technical features; and
price.
Competitive Strengths
The Company's competitive strengths include:
Multiple Revenue Streams
The Company is committed to developing and leveraging multiple revenue streams. By diversifying its revenue sources, the Company can reduce its dependence on any single product or service offering, making it more resilient in the face of market fluctuations and economic downturns. Furthermore, the Company's ability to generate revenue through multiple channels allows it to take advantage of opportunities for growth and expansion that may not be available to companies with a narrower focus.
Limited Competition for Direct Small Satellite Launch
While the overall space industry is highly competitive, the niche market for small and micro satellite launches is relatively untapped, with only a handful of companies operating in this space. This presents a significant opportunity for the Company to capture market share and establish itself as a leader in this rapidly growing segment. Additionally, the Company's position as one of the few companies offering cost-effective, reliable, and flexible small satellite launch services provides a significant competitive advantage over potential competitors.
Proven Operational History
The Lockheed F-104 has a long and proven track record of successful operations with the U.S. Air Force and at NASA, as well as with various armed forces around the world. It has been demonstrated that the jet can be successfully used to launch rockets into space. Furthermore, our location at Kennedy Space Center has enabled us to connect with a broad range of potential customers and partners, many right on the KSC campus. The Company was invited to KSC by Space Florida, the public-private partnership responsible for promoting and developing Florida's aerospace industry. Space Florida was created by the Florida Legislature to sustain Florida's position as a global space leader, and it is responsible for managing the commercialization of KSC. Our relationship with Space Florida has provided us with access to capital (including the Space Florida Loan discussed in this Offering Circular under the heading, "Capitalization"), infrastructure and other resources that have evolved over time.
While at the KSC, the Company has successfully managed its operations and has established a reputation for delivering high-quality products and services to its customers, worked professionally with KSC personnel and operated as the first fixed wing provider at KSC, all with no mishaps in-flight for over 15 years. This has not only strengthened the Company's brand but also instills trust and confidence the Company's stakeholders. Moreover, the Company's operational history has allowed it to refine its processes, optimize efficiency, and enhance its offerings, enabling the Company to deliver superior value to its customers. This experience gives the Company a significant competitive advantage over new entrants to the market who lack the institutional knowledge and industry-specific expertise that comes with an established operational history.
Location
The Company has been located at the KSC space port since 2009. As one of the world's premier space launch facilities, the Kennedy Space Center offers unparalleled access to launch pads, ground infrastructure, and a highly skilled workforce. The Company holds an existing range user agreement with the US Space Force, which allows the Company access to and use of the Cape Canaveral range. The Company, through Starfighters International, is a party to a Memorandum of Agreement dated March 28, 2023 (the "MOA") with Space Launch Delta 45 ("SLD45"). Pursuant to the terms and conditions of the MOA SLD45 provides support to the Company for its test flights at the Eastern Range. The MOA further provides that its purpose is to establish Starfighters International as an official ranger which will permit Starfighters International to establish SLD45 Job Order Number Accounts and directly reimburse SLD45 for future range support. Being located in close proximity to this hub of the global space industry enables the Company to rapidly respond to market opportunities, minimize launch-related costs, and reduce launch lead times. Furthermore, the Company's presence at the Kennedy Space Center enables it to leverage the significant industry partnerships and collaborations that exist iEconn the region, fostering innovation and driving growth for the Company's business.
The Company's new facility at MIASP was strategically chosen to increase its capacity, improve operational resiliency and flexibility, and bolster the United States' hypersonic testing capabilities. The MIASP is the site of a proposed high-speed airspace corridor capable of accommodating a variety of high-speed missions to include subsonic, supersonic, hypersonic and point-to-point suborbital missions for both miliary and commercial applications.14
Lower Cost
Using the Lockheed F-104 as a reusable first stage allows the Company to lower its operational and capital expenditures compared with disposable rockets. Additionally, the Lockheed F-104 has a lower fuel consumption compared to rockets.
Launch Flexibility
Unlike traditional rocket launches, a jet-based system offers significant launch flexibility, enabling the Company to rapidly respond to changes in launch schedules, weather conditions, and other operational factors. The use of a jet as the first stage allows the Company to launch in multiple configurations and flight profiles, including a wider range of altitude, angle, and trajectory, compared to rockets launched at the same location.
Launch Transferability
The Company's jet-based system allows us to conduct launches from a wider range of locations, including potentially all permitted space ports worldwide, further expanding the Company's launch flexibility.
Unique Capabilities
The Lockheed F-104 is a unique supersonic research platform due to its exceptional altitude and speed capabilities. It is the only commercial supersonic platform currently available in the world. The Lockheed F-104 was designed specifically for high-altitude flight and could achieve altitudes of over 100,000 feet. This makes it an ideal platform for conducting research in the upper atmosphere and beyond, where few other aircraft can go. Additionally, the Lockheed F-104 can fly at speeds of MACH 2 or higher, allowing it to conduct supersonic flight testing and research that is not possible with other available aircraft. The Lockheed F-104's unique combination of altitude and speed capabilities made it an invaluable research platform for a range of commercial, scientific, and military applications, from studying the upper atmosphere to testing advanced rocket systems.
Growth Strategy
The Company is pursuing the following growth strategies:
Access Backlog of Small Satellites
The Company's achievement of a launch license allows it to access a backlog of small satellites waiting for launch. By offering its launch services, the Company can address the demand for satellite launches and contribute to reducing the backlog. This strategy can provide a new revenue stream for the Company and position it as a reliable launch provider in the commercial space industry.
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14 https://www.mrt.com/news/local/article/Study-confirms-feasibility-of-high-speed-airspace-17062625.php
Capitalize on Hypersonic Research
The Company aims to leverage the increase in spending on hypersonic research by the U.S. Government.15 With the Lockheed F-104 being the only commercial, non-rocket platform capable of testing at the required speeds, the Company intends to position itself as a key player in this field. By offering their services and expertise in hypersonic research the Company can attract government contracts and collaborations.
Real-World Wind Tunnel Testing
The Company's Lockheed F-104 platform provides the unique advantage of conducting wind tunnel testing in a real-world environment. This capability allows the Company to offer more accurate and reliable data to clients in industries such as aerospace, defense, and engineering. By highlighting this advantage the Company believes it will attract clients seeking comprehensive and realistic wind tunnel testing.
Expand Pilot Training
The Company may acquire the necessary licenses to expand its pilot training operations. By increasing the number of flights per year, potentially up to 120 flights, the Company can cater to a larger pool of aspiring pilots. This expansion can help the Company grow its revenue and establish the Company as a provider of advanced pilot training services.
Target Growth in R&D Testing
The Company can leverage the unique abilities and flight profiles of the Lockheed F-104 to target growth in research and development (R&D) testing. The Company can position itself as a reliable partner for companies and organizations involved in satellite and rocket component testing. By offering their platform and expertise the Company believes it will attract clients seeking high-speed, high-altitude testing capabilities.
Overall, by capitalizing on its unique capabilities and advantages, the Company intends to position itself as a pilot in satellite launches, hypersonic research, wind tunnel testing, pilot training, and other R&D testing. These strategies will enable the Company to achieve growth and establish a strong presence in the industry.
Property
Lease Agreement with Space Florida
The Company leases its premises located at the KSC at Reusable Launch Vehicle Hangar, Hangar Rd, Cape Canaveral, FL, 32920 pursuant to the terms and conditions of a Site Occupant Lease Agreement No: C20756 between Space Florida and Starfighters International dated June 1, 2022, as amended on June 1, 2023 (the "Lease Agreement"). The term of the Lease Agreement began on June 1, 2022, and continues until May 31, 2024. Pursuant to the Lease Agreement, the Company leases (i) 10,000 square feet of the Reusable Launch Vehicle Facility, (ii) 2,000 square feet of the Convoy Vehicle Enclosure, and (iii) 2,500 square feet of area beside the Aircraft Ground Equipment Shed (collectively, the "Premises"). The Company is required to pay a monthly fee of $13,958.33 to lease the Premises. Additionally, the Company is required to pay a RLV Common Area Maintenance fee of $4,166.67 per month and various other fees (including license fees) and costs in relation to the Company's lease of the Premises.
Effective June 1, 2024, the Company and Space Florida have agreed to (i) extend the term of the Lease Agreement to May 31, 2025, and (ii) the Company will be subject to a $100 fee per day if any Company property remains outside the Premises for more than 24 hours. All other terms and conditions remain in full force and effect.
The Company does not currently own, rent or lease any property other than its hangars located at the KSC, at Reusable Launch Vehicle Hangar, Hangar Rd, Cape Canaveral, FL, 32920, and at Midland International Air & Space Port (the "MIASP") at The George H.W. and Barbara Bush Commemorative Center 9600 Wright Dr., Midland, TX, 79706. The Company may enter into other lease agreements for office space in the future; however, no assurance can be provided that this will occur. The Company currently has no plans to acquire any real property.
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15 Id.
Economic Development Agreement with Midland Development Corporation
On October 7, 2024, the Company, through its subsidiary Starfighters Texas, entered into a 10-year economic development agreement (the "Economic Development Agreement") with the Midland Development Corporation ("MDC") for the expansion of its operations to the MIASP), with effect from September 24, 2024. See "Plan of Operations."
The Company will use the site for supersonic flight testing, training, research, and development, including suborbital launches and high-speed aircraft operations.
Suppliers
We obtain our replacement and spare parts, components, sub systems, and equipment from suppliers that we believe to be reliable and reputable. All current suppliers have been, and continue to periodically be, internally reviewed to ensure that they are able to supply materials that meet our specifications and quality control requirements. Potential new suppliers also follow this process. The majority of our requirements are consumables in nature, including liquid oxygen, fuel, and tires. The first two of these items are supplied by Kennedy Space Center space port services. Disruptions in the supply of key raw materials or components and difficulties in the supplier qualification process, as well as increases in prices of raw materials, could adversely impact us. See "Risk Factors - Risks Related to our Business and Industry - We depend on several specialized suppliers for the majority of specialized supply needs. Disruptions in the supply of key raw materials or components and difficulties in the supplier qualification process, as well as increases in prices of raw materials, could adversely impact us."
Additionally, Starfighters International has entered into an asset purchase agreement, dated October 1, 2021, as amended on December 29, 2023 (the "Hypersonic APA"), with Hypersonic Group Inc. ("HGI"). Pursuant to the terms and conditions of the Hypersonic APA, Starfighters International has agreed to purchase 22 J79-19 engines from HGI for an aggregate purchase price of $2,200,000 (the "Purchase Price"). The Company intends to use the engines as replacements to extend the useful life of its Lockheed F-104 aircraft. Pursuant to the Hypersonic APA, Starfighters International agreed to (i) pay HGI a deposit of $250,000 by December 31, 2022, (ii) pay HGI $500,000 on March 30, 2023, (iii) pay HGI $50,000 immediately following December 29, 2023, (iv) pay HGI $50,000 within five (5) business days of March 31, 2024 in the event that Starfighters International has not made the initial submission of the Offering Statement to the SEC on or before March 31, 2024, and (v) pay HGI the remaining balance of the Purchase Price ($1,350,000) within five (5) business days of the completion of the Offering. To date, Starfighters International has paid an aggregate of $1,300,000 of the total purchase price required pursuant to the Hypersonic APA and is currently negotiating a further extension with HGI. Rick Svetkoff, the Company's President and Chief Executive Officer, owns 50% of HGI and signed the Hypersonic APA on behalf of both the Company and HGI.
Development work on StarLaunch launch platform is contracted to industry partners.
Government Regulation
Compliance with various governmental regulations has an impact on our business, including our capital expenditures, earnings, and competitive position, which can be material. We incur or will incur costs to monitor and take actions to comply with governmental regulations that are or will be applicable to our business, which include, among others, federal securities laws and regulations, export and import control, economic sanctions and trade embargo laws and restrictions and regulations of the Department of Transportation ("DoT"), the FAA, the Department of Defense ("DoD"), and NASA and other government agencies in the U.S. The following discussion summarizes the principal elements of the regulatory framework applicable to our business. Regulatory requirements, including but not limited to those discussed below, affect our operations, and increase our operating costs, and future regulatory developments may continue to do the same. See "Risk Factors - Risks Related to our Business and Industry" for a discussion of material risks to us, including, to the extent material, to our competitive position, relating to governmental regulations, and see "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" together with our consolidated financial statements, including the related notes included therein, for a discussion of material information relevant to an assessment of our financial condition and results of operations, including, to the extent material, the effects that compliance with governmental regulations may have upon our capital expenditures and earnings.
Our areas of operations are primarily covered by two separate sets of Regulation (i) the DoT - FAA Aviation Safety, which governs our operation of experimental aircraft as all privately owned former military aircraft are considered experimental aircraft, and (ii) FAA AST (The Office of Commercial Space Transportation), which governs our operation as a launch operator.
Operator of Experimental Aircraft Regulation
All experimental aircraft engaged in air flight in the United States are subject to regulation by the DoT. Absent an exemption, no experimental aircraft may provide air flights of researchers or property/payloads without first being issued a DoT FAA Letters of Deviation Authority ("LODA").
Part 91 of the FAA Regulations
Operators of experimental aircraft are regulated by the FAA, an agency within the DoT, primarily in the areas of flight safety, experimental aircraft operations and aircraft maintenance and airworthiness. The FAA issues air experimental aircraft operating certificates and aircraft airworthiness certificates, prescribes maintenance procedures, oversees airport operations, and regulates pilot and other employee training. From time to time, the FAA issues directives that require experimental aircraft to inspect, modify or ground aircraft and other equipment, potentially causing the Company to incur substantial, unplanned expenses.
Part 450 of the FAA Regulations
Part 450 of the FAA Regulations is the streamlined launch and re-entry licensing requirements that went into effect in 2020, which was welcomed legislation for companies like us. Part 450 consolidated multiple regulatory regimes into one set of requirements for all vehicle types, which are performance-based requirements utilizing flexible means of compliance, and a single license may authorize operations at multiple sites and extensive coordination with DOD and NASA to minimize duplicative requirements for operators.
The application evaluation consists of five major components:
A Policy Review
A Payload Review
A Safety Review
A Maximum Probable Loss (MPL) Determination
An Environmental Review
Part 450 allows incremental approvals of the safety review. There are tremendous benefits of incremental review of a modular application, which reduces regulatory uncertainty with early approvals.
There are also sections in Part 450 which have a direct impact on being able launch, but have nothing to do with safety or hardware. The two best examples are environmental review and financial responsibility. Because our StarLaunch vehicles are relatively small compared to many other rockets and the propellants and procedures are well understood, we believe that environment compliance can be satisfied. Financial responsibility is really a matter of finding insurance coverage. Again, since the StarLaunch vehicles are small and the maximum impact is low, we believe that we will be able to find affordable insurance.
While there may be delay and additional costs to comply with Part 91 and Part 450 of the FAA Regulations, we already comply with Part 91 and are using experts such as Integrated Launch Services to complete and comply with Part 450, and because the process with the FAA is iterative or repetitive, we believe we will be able to acquire the necessary waivers and license(s) to launch.
Environmental Regulation
While the regulations for experimental aircraft are not as stringent as the airline industry, they are subject to increasing federal, state, local and international environmental regulations, including those regulating emissions to air, water discharges, safe drinking water and the use and management of hazardous substances and wastes. We endeavor to comply with all applicable environmental regulations. We maintain compliance primarily with NASA environmental regulations since that is the location of our primary operating site. By complying with the NASA regulations for ground operations and FAA regulations for flight operations, we believe we are following all federal requirements.
Employees
The Company currently has no employees and utilizes independent contractors for general operations, including its senior management team, and partners with third party providers for research and development. We do not currently have any pension, annuity, profit sharing, or similar employee benefit plans, although we may choose to adopt such plans in the future.
We plan to engage additional contractors and consultants from time to time on an as-needed basis to consult with us on specific corporate affairs, or to perform specific tasks in connection with our business development activities.
MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
You should read the following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of our operations together with our financial statements and the notes thereto appearing elsewhere in this Offering Circular. This discussion contains forward-looking statements reflecting our current expectations, whose actual outcomes involve risks and uncertainties. Actual results and the timing of events may differ materially from those stated in or implied by these forward-looking statements due to a number of factors, including those discussed in the sections entitled "Risk Factors" starting on page 10 "Cautionary Statement Regarding Forward-Looking Statements" starting on page 6 and elsewhere in this Offering Circular. Please see the notes to our Financial Statements for information about our Significant Accounting Policies.
Recent Developments
Space Florida Loan Amendment
On October 29, 2024, we, our indirect wholly owned subsidiary, SFI and Space Florida, an independent special district, a body politic and corporate, and a subdivision of the State of Florida ("Space Florida") entered into an Amendment to Loan and Security Agreements (the "Amendment to Loan and Security Agreements") effective November 1, 2024 (the "Effective Date"), to among other things:
(i) confirm that SFI and/or Space Florida previously executed and delivered the following loan documents: (a) Loan Agreement 12-096 dated February 16, 2012 (the "Loan Agreement"), (b) Security Agreement dated February 16, 2012, by SFI in favor of Space Florida (the "Security Agreement"), and (c) a Promissory Note dated February 16, 2012, made by SFI in favor of Space Florida in the principal amount of $1,436,000.63 (the "Promissory Note", and together with the Loan Agreement and the Security Agreement, the "Loan Documents"; the borrowing under the Loan Documents, as amended by the Amendment to Loan and Security Agreements, being referred to as the "Loan");
(ii) confirm that the Loan was originally made by Space Florida to SFI to purchase equipment used in SFI's business and that the Loan is secured by a first-priority security interest in the personal property described in Exhibit A to the Amendment to Loan and Security Agreement (the "Collateral"), which is owned by SFI free and clear of all other security interests or liens;
(iii) confirm that on or about September 16, 2022 (the "Rate Adjustment Date"), SFI and Space Florida agreed to make the Loan subject to a new interest rate of three percent (3%) per annum (the "Adjusted Rate") and began to accrue the interest on the Loan in accordance with the Adjusted Rate beginning on the Rate Adjustment Date, but did not memorialize the Adjusted Rate in writing;
(iv) confirm that the Adjusted Rate has been in effect as of the Rate Adjustment Date, and that the outstanding principal amount of the Loan, together with the accrued and unpaid interest thereon, is $1,512,627.17 as of the Effective Date; and
(v) memorialize the parties' agreement that, in full and final settlement of the aggregate principal amount of the Loan outstanding plus all accrued and unpaid interest outstanding (the "Conversion Amount"), will convert into shares of common stock of the Company ("Conversion Shares") on the date the Company completes a public listing on any national securities exchange registered under Section 6 of the United States Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, which includes The Nasdaq Stock Market (a "Public Listing").
The Amendment to Loan and Security Agreements contemplates that the Conversion Amount will convert at (a) the price per security of the Company's initial public offering, (i) the deemed share price at which any other transaction involving the Company is effected, including without limitation, a merger, business combination, amalgamation arrangement, share exchange, reverse-takeover, capital pool transaction, or any similar transaction resulting in the shares, a derivative of the shares or common shares of another issuer exchanged therefor being listed on a national securities exchange in the United States, or (c) the reference price per share calculated in accordance with the policies of the applicable national securities exchange in the event the Company completes a direct public listing.
Space Florida has agreed that, upon the issuance of the Conversion Shares:
(i) all payment and other obligations of SFI to Space Florida under or in connection with the Loan Documents shall be satisfied in full and be terminated and Space Florida shall have no further obligation to extend further credit to SFI under or in connection with the Loan Documents;
(ii) Space Florida's security interests in, and other liens, charges, caveats or other encumbrances of any kind or character whatsoever on the Collateral, and any and all real or personal property, assets or undertaking of SFI granted under or in connection with the Loan Documents (collectively, the "Discharged Security Interests"), shall be immediately released;
(iii) Space Florida will (A) execute and deliver to SFI or as SFI may request, as soon as practicable, but in no event prior to the receipt of a certificate from the Company evidencing the Conversion Shares, registrable discharges and releases or similar instruments of the Discharged Security Interests, provided that all the foregoing shall be prepared at the cost of SFI, and (B) return to SFI or as SFI may direct, any and all assets or properties of SFI in its possession, in each case to effect the discharge and release of the Discharged Security Interests;
(iv) without limiting Space Florida's obligation to execute and the deliver discharges set out in paragraph (iii) immediately above, upon Space Florida's receipt of the certificates evidencing the Conversion Shares, Space Florida or any agent on its behalf, shall prepare, execute and file registrable discharges and releases of any and all security interests or any financing statement or notice in respect thereof representing the Discharged Security Interests; and
(v) the Loan Documents shall be terminated, cancelled and of no further force and effect.
Aerovision Aircraft Acquisition Agreement
On October 31, 2024, our wholly owned subsidiary, Starfighters International entered into an aircraft acquisition agreement (the "Aircraft Agreement") with Aerovision LLC, a Florida limited liability company ("Aerovision"), pursuant to which Starfighters International agreed to purchase from Aerovision various used aircraft and associated spare equipment (the "Aircraft Transactions") in phases. The Aircraft Agreement contemplates that each Aircraft Transaction will be completed pursuant to a definitive agreement (each, a "Definitive Agreement") to be settled between the parties, in each case with a corresponding bill of sale and associated closing documents. The Aircraft Agreement provides that it, and any Definitive Agreement entered into by the parties, may be amended and/or extended in writing by the parties on a case-by-case basis.
The subject aircraft for acquisition pursuant to the Aircraft Agreement are: (i) twelve F-4 Phantom II aircraft, (ii) one MD-83 with U.S. Federal Aviation Administration ("FAA") Registration N572AA, and (iii) one DC-9 with FAA Registration N932NA. The subject aircraft are used-serviceable surplus aircraft offered on an "as-is-where-is" basis, with no warranty express or implied. The twelve F-4 Phantom II aircraft have recently been decommissioned by the Republic of Korea Air Force, and will have to be registered with the FAA after they are imported into the United States from South Korea.
The Aircraft Agreement requires an initial deposit advance in the amount of $5,000,000.00 to be made no later than ten business days from the signing of the Aircraft Agreement, which has been paid from funds received from the Company's Regulation A Tier 2 Offering. The payment of the deposit is considered to constitute "Phase 1" under the Aircraft Agreement.
Phase 2 will involve the payment of an additional $5,000,000.00 for the acquisition of eight of the twelve F-4 Phantom II aircraft. Such payment is due no later than December 15, 2024.
Phase 3 will involve the payment of an additional $5,000,000.00 for the acquisition of the final four F-4 Phantom II aircraft. Such payment is due no later than March 15, 2025.
Phase 4 shall involve the payment of an additional $5,000,000.00 for the acquisition of the MD-83 aircraft with FAA Registration N572AA, and the DC-9 aircraft with FAA Registration N932NA. The parties are to use their reasonable best efforts to complete Phase 4 by April 15, 2025.
Amendment to Aerovision Aircraft Acquisition Agreement
As a result of the current political situation in South Korea, Starfighters International has been unable to view the F-4 Phantom II aircraft originally contemplated under the Aircraft Agreement to be acquired from the Republic of South Korea Air Force, and neither Starfighters International nor Aerovision have been able to confirm the continued availability of such aircraft. As such, Starfighters International did not pay the Phase 1 initial deposit advance nor the Phase 2 payment provided for under the Aircraft Agreement. On or about January 28, 2025, Starfighters International and Aerovision verbally agreed to amend the Aircraft Agreement regarding the Aircraft Transactions, pursuant to which:
(i) Starfighters International may elect not to proceed with Phase 3 and/or Phase 4;
(ii) The initial deposit advance of $5,000,000.00 is broken down into two payments of $2,500,000.00 each, with the first payment to be made on or before January 31, 2025 (which was paid on January 24, 2025), and the second payment to be made within 10 days of Aerovision executing a binding agreement to acquire a minimum of eight F-4 Phantom II aircraft from an alternative supplier(s) (second payment of $2,500,000 was paid on March 3, 2025);
(iii) The due date for payment associated with Phase 2 is amended to be within five days of Aerovision providing confirmation of shipping of the F-4 Phantom II aircraft to the Company from the point of origin;
(iv) The due date for payment associated with Phase 3, if Starfighters International elected to proceed, is amended to be October 31, 2025;
(v) The due date for payment associated with Phase 4, if Starfighters International elected to proceed, is amended to be January 31, 2026.
Regulation A Tier 2 Offering
On October 23, 2024, November 11, 2024, November 29, 2024, January 6, 2025, April 2, 2025, April 25, 2025 and July 16, 2025, we conducted closings of our offering under Regulation A of Section 3(b) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, for Tier 2 offerings, pursuant to which we sold an aggregate of 4,996,697 shares of common stock at a price of $3.59 per share, for gross proceeds of $17,938,142.
Financial Conditions and Results from Operations
Results of Operations for the Year ended December 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023
Revenues
During the year ended December 31, 2024, the Company reported nil revenues from operations and other income of $234,900. For the year ended December 31, 2023, the Company reported nil revenue from operations and other income of $349,330. The decrease in other income of $114,430 was due to the Company having fewer training and test flights year-over-year. Other income consists of ancillary income earned for providing pilot training and equipment testing services, and varies with the availability of airspace, equipment, and personnel.
Operating Expenses
| 2024 | 2023 | |||||
| Operating expenses | ||||||
| Advertising and promotion | $ | 183,790 | 304,543 | |||
| Bank and interest charges | 5,607 | 913 | ||||
| Business development | 360,000 | 360,000 | ||||
| Consulting fees | 998,364 | 907,215 | ||||
| Contract labour and fuel | 403,800 | 494,675 | ||||
| Custom fees | - | 6,416 | ||||
| Depreciation | 15,319 | 12,276 | ||||
| Directors fees | 164,000 | 168,000 | ||||
| Insurance | 87,372 | 83,630 | ||||
| Licenses | 620 | 501 | ||||
| Management fees | 232,000 | 232,000 | ||||
| Office and administrative | 166,196 | 137,178 | ||||
| Listing fees | 292,293 | - | ||||
| Professional fees | 786,338 | 462,989 | ||||
| Rent expense | 294,611 | 210,893 | ||||
| Repairs and maintenance | 44,504 | 102,714 | ||||
| Travel and entertainment | 231,207 | 598,833 | ||||
| Vehicle | 35,062 | 3,295 | ||||
| Total operating expenses | (4,301,083 | ) | (4,086,071 | ) | ||
| Other income (expense) | ||||||
| Amortization of debt discount | (1,777,505 | ) | (656,524 | ) | ||
| Change in fair value of derivative liability | (1,642,697 | ) | (64,261 | ) | ||
| Other income | 234,900 | 349,330 | ||||
| Interest expense | (486,669 | ) | (266,098 | ) | ||
| Interest income | 66,323 | 50,419 | ||||
| Exchange loss | (2,046 | ) | (8,378 | ) | ||
| Total other income (expense) | (3,607,694 | ) | (595,512 | ) | ||
| Net loss | $ | (7,908,777 | ) | $ | (4,681,583 | ) |
Advertising and promotion
During the year ended December 31, 2024, we incurred advertising and promotional expenses of $183,790 compared to $304,543 for the year ended December 31, 2023, a decrease of $120,753 year over year. During the year ended December 31, 2023 the Company embarked on a public relations campaign to raise awareness about its brand and business in light of the Company's plans to go public, whereas the Company incurred lower ongoing public relations expenses during the year ended December 31, 2024.
Business development
During the year ended December 31, 2024, we incurred business development expenses of $360,000 compared to $360,000 for the year ended December 31, 2023, with no change year over year. Such expenses are incurred for introductions to potential investors and investor presentations in connection with the Company's efforts to go public.
Consulting fees
During the year ended December 31, 2024, we incurred consulting fees of $998,364 compared to $907,215 for the year ended December 31, 2023, an increase of $91,149 year over year. The year-over-year increase relates to additional corporate advisory and consulting expenses incurred to facilitate the Company's efforts to go public.
Contract labour and fuel
During the year ended December 31, 2024, we incurred contract labour and fuel expenses of $403,800 compared to $494,675 for the year ended December 31, 2023, a decrease of $90,875 year-over-year. The decrease is due to certain savings on labour costs associated with maintenance support realized in the current year.
Directors' fees
During the year ended December 31, 2024, we incurred directors' fees of $164,000 compared to $168,000 for the year ended December 31, 2023, a decrease of $4,000 year over year, which is relatively consistent year over year.
Insurance
During the year ended December 31, 2024, we incurred insurance expense of $87,372 compared to $83,630 for the year ended December 31, 2023, an increase of $3,742, which is relatively consistent year over year.
Management fees
Management fees for the year ended December 31, 2024 was $232,000 compared to $232,000 for the year ended December 31, 2023, with no change year over year. Management fees consist of monthly management fees paid to the Company's CEO for overseeing the day to day operations.
Office and administrative
During the year ended December 31, 2024, we incurred office and administrative expenses of $166,196 compared to $137,178 for the year ended December 31, 2023, an increase of $29,018 year over year. The increase in administrative expenses is correlated to the additional administrative work required to facilitate the Company's efforts to go public and financings undertaken in 2024.
Listing fees
During the year ended December 31, 2024, we incurred listing fees of $292,293 compared to $Nil for the year ended December 31, 2023, an increase of $292,293 year over year. The year over year increase relates to additional fees incurred to facilitate the Company's efforts to go public and financings undertaken in 2024.
Professional fees
During the year ended December 31, 2024, we incurred professional fees of $786,338 compared to $462,989 for the year ended December 31, 2023, an increase of $323,349 year over year. The year over year increase relates to additional legal, audit, and accounting fees incurred to facilitate the Company's efforts to go public and financings undertaken in 2024, as well as to fulfill the Company's increased reporting obligations as a result of completing Regulation A Tier 2 Offerings during 2024.
Rent expense
During the year ended December 31, 2024, we incurred rent expense of $294,611 compared to $210,893 for the year ended December 31, 2023, an increase of $83,718 year over year. The Company entered into a new short-term lease for office spaces commencing fiscal 2024.
Repairs and maintenance
During the year ended December 31, 2024, we incurred repair and maintenance expenses of $44,504 compared to $102,714 for the year ended December 31, 2023, a decrease of $58,210 year over year. The decrease is due to certain savings on repairs and spare parts realized in the current year.
Travel and entertainment
During the year ended December 31, 2024, we incurred travel and entertainment expenditures of $231,207 compared to $598,833 for the year ended December 31, 2023, a decrease of $367,626 year over year. During the year ended December 31, 2023, the Company was actively travelling and entertaining prospective investors.
Amortization of debt discount
During the year ended December 31, 2024, the Company recognized amortization of the discount on its convertible debt was $1,777,505, compared to $656,524 for the year ended December 31, 2023, an increase of $1,120,981 year over year. The discount on the convertible debt relates to the fair value of the conversion option, which is bifurcated, and the transaction costs incurred for the financing and is amortized over the term of the convertible debt. The increase year over year reflects the various new issuance of convertible debt throughout fiscal 2023 and 2024.
Change in fair value of derivative liability
During the year ended December 31, 2024, the Company recorded a change in the fair value of its derivative liability of $1,642,697, compared to $64,261 for the year ended December 31, 2023. The derivative liability results from the conversion option on the Company's convertible debt which has been bifurcated as the number of shares to be issued upon conversion may vary. The increase year over year is due to a number of inputs into the Monte Carlo valuation of the derivative liability, including the increasing valuation of shares of the Company.
Other income
During the year ended December 31, 2024, we earned other income of $234,900 compared to $349,330 for the year ended December 31, 2023, a decrease of $114,430 year over year. Other income consists of ancillary income earned for providing pilot training and equipment testing services, and varies with the availability of airspace, equipment and personnel.
Interest expense
During the year ended December 31, 2024, we incurred interest expense of $486,669 compared to $266,098 for the year ended December 31, 2023, an increase of $220,571 year over year. Interest expense consists of interest on convertible debentures of the Company which are carried at 5% per annum, and note payable to Space Florida which is carried at 3% per annum. The increase year over year is due to a larger convertible debenture balance outstanding during the year ended December 31, 2024.
Interest income
During the year ended December 31, 2024, we earned interest income of $66,323 compared to $50,419 for the year ended December 31, 2023, an increase of $15,904 year over year.
Net Loss
As a result of the variations to the Company's revenue and expenses, the Company generated a net loss of $7,908,777 or $0.46 per share for the year ended December 31, 2024, compared with a net loss of $4,681,583 or $0.28 per share for the year ended December 31, 2023.
Results of Operations for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2025 and the Three Months Ended March 31, 2024
Revenue
During the three months ended March 31, 2025, the Company reported nil revenues from operations and other income of $87,900. For the three months ended March 31, 2024, the Company reported nil revenue from operations and other income of $20,000. The increase of $67,900 was due to the Company having more training and test flights year-over-year. Other income consists of ancillary income earned for providing pilot training and equipment testing services, and varies with the availability of airspace, equipment, and personnel.
Operating Expenses
| 2025 | 2024 | |||||
| Operating expenses | ||||||
| Advertising and promotion | $ | 81,173 | 56,819 | |||
| Bank and interest charges | 4,027 | 650 | ||||
| Business development | 180,000 | 90,000 | ||||
| Consulting fees | 390,350 | 240,928 | ||||
| Contract labour and fuel | 185,775 | 99,650 | ||||
| Depreciation | 5,080 | 1,842 | ||||
| Directors' fees | 42,000 | 42,000 | ||||
| Insurance | 21,157 | 23,130 | ||||
| Licenses | 450 | 35 | ||||
| Listing fees | 3,049 | 150,000 | ||||
| Management fees | 75,000 | 55,500 | ||||
| Office and administrative | 78,125 | 59,846 | ||||
| Professional fees | 192,414 | 287,853 | ||||
| Rent expense | 102,751 | 70,820 | ||||
| Repairs and maintenance | 5,994 | 2,261 | ||||
| Travel and entertainment | 255,454 | 57,221 | ||||
| Vehicle | 1,275 | 363 | ||||
| Total operating expenses | (1,624,074 | ) | (1,238,918 | ) | ||
| Other income (expense) | ||||||
| Amortization of debt discount | (117,067 | ) | (376,126 | ) | ||
| Change in fair value of derivative liability | (704,662 | ) | (1,188,517 | ) | ||
| Other income | 87,900 | 20,000 | ||||
| Interest expense | (118,410 | ) | (168,569 | ) | ||
| Interest income | 42,775 | 10,638 | ||||
| Exchange gain (loss) | (4,090 | ) | 478 | |||
| Total other income (expense) | (813,554 | ) | (1,702,096 | ) | ||
| Net loss | $ | (2,437,628 | ) | $ | (2,941,014 | ) |
Advertising and promotion
During the three months ended March 31, 2025, we incurred advertising and promotional expenses of $81,173 compared to $56,819 for the three months period ended March 31, 2024, an increase of $24,354 year-over-year. During the three months ended March 31, 2025, the Company embarked on a public relations campaign to raise awareness about its brand and business in light of the Company's plans to go public.
Business development
During the three months ended March 31, 2025, we incurred business development expenses of $180,000 compared to $90,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2024. Such expenses are incurred for introductions to potential investors and investor presentations in connection with the Company's efforts to go public.
Consulting fees
During the three months ended March 31, 2025, we incurred consulting fees of $390,350 compared to $240,928 for the three months ended March 31, 2024, an increase of $149,422 year-over-year. The year-over-year increase relates to additional corporate advisory and consulting expenses incurred to facilitate the Company's efforts to go public.
Contract labour and fuel
During the three months ended March 31, 2025, we incurred contract labour and fuel expenses of $185,775 compared to $99,650 for the three months ended March 31, 2024, an increase of $86,125 year-over-year. The increase is due to increased flight operations in the current period.
Directors' fees
During the year three months ended March 31, 2025, we incurred directors' fees of $42,000 compared to $42,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2024, no change year-over-year.
Insurance
During the three months ended March 31, 2025, we incurred insurance expense of $21,157 compared to $23,130 for the three months ended March 31, 2024, a decrease of $1,973, which is relatively consistent year-over-year.
Management fees
Management fees for the three months ended March 31, 2025 were $75,000 compared to $55,500 for the three months ended March 31, 2024, an increase of $19,500 year-over-year. Management fees consist of monthly management fees paid to the Company's CEO for overseeing the day-to-day operations.
Office and administrative
During the three months ended March 31, 2025, we incurred office and administrative expenses of $78,125 compared to $59,846 for the three months ended March 31, 2024, an increase of $18,279 year-over-year. The increase in administrative expenses is correlated to the additional administrative work required to facilitate the Company's efforts to go public and financings undertaken in 2025.
Listing fees
During the three months ended March 31, 2025, we incurred listing fees of $3,049 compared to $150,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2024, a decrease of $146,951 year-over-year. The year-over-year decrease relates to additional fees incurred in the comparative period to initiate the Company's Reg A financing.
Professional fees
During the three months ended March 31, 2025, we incurred professional fees of $192,414 compared to $287,853 for the three months ended March 31, 2024, a decrease of $95,439 year-over-year. Professional fees mainly relate to legal, audit, and accounting fees incurred to facilitate the Company's efforts to go public and financings undertaken, as well as to fulfill the Company's reporting obligations of being a Regulation A Tier 2 Issuer. The decrease year-over-year was due to the Company incurring a higher audit expense in the comparative period for the audit for prior fiscal years.
Rent expense
During the three months ended March 31, 2025, we incurred rent expense of $102,751 compared to $70,820 for the three months ended March 31, 2024, an increase of $31,931 year-over-year. The Company entered into a new short-term lease for office spaces commencing December 2024 which increased the rent expense incurred during the first quarter of 2025.
Repairs and maintenance
During the three months ended March 31, 2025, we incurred repair and maintenance expenses of $5,994 compared to $2,261 for the three months ended March 31, 2024, an increase of $3,733. The year-over-year increase is due to an increase in flight operations.
Travel and entertainment
During the three months ended March 31, 2025, we incurred travel and entertainment expenditures of $255,454 compared to $57,221 for the three months ended March 31, 2024, an increase of $198,233 year-over-year. During the first quarter of fiscal 2025, the Company was actively travelling and entertaining prospective investors.
Amortization of debt discount
During the three months ended March 31, 2025, the Company recognized amortization of the discount on its convertible debt was $117,067, compared to $376,126 for the three months ended March 31, 2024, a decrease of $259,059 year-over-year. The discount on the convertible debt relates to the fair value of the conversion option, which is bifurcated, and the transaction costs incurred for the financing and is amortized over the term of the convertible debt. The decrease year-over-year reflects less significant unwinding of debt discount, as there had been no new issuance of convertible debt since August 2024.
Change in fair value of derivative liability
During the three months ended March 31, 2025, the Company recorded a change in the fair value of its derivative liability of $704,662, compared to $1,188,517 for the three months ended March 31, 2024. The derivative liability results from the conversion option on the Company's convertible debt which has been bifurcated as the number of shares to be issued upon conversion may vary. The decrease year-over-year is due to a number of inputs into the Monte Carlo valuation of the derivative liability, including the increasing valuation of shares of the Company.
Other income
During the three months ended March 31, 2025, we earned other income of $87,900 compared to $20,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2024, an increase of $67,900 year-over-year. Other income consists of ancillary income earned for providing pilot training and equipment testing services, and varies with the availability of airspace, equipment and personnel.
Interest expense
During the three months ended March 31, 2025, we incurred interest expense of $118,410 compared to $168,569 for the three months ended March 31, 2024, a decrease of $50,159 year-over-year. Interest expense consists of interest on convertible debentures of the Company which are carried at 5% per annum and raised to 8% per annum in February 2025 and note payable to Space Florida which is carried at 3% per annum.
Interest income
During the three months ended March 31, 2025, we earned interest income of $42,775 compared to $10,638 for the three months ended March 31, 2024, an increase of $32,137 year-over-year.
Net Loss
As a result of the variations to the Company's revenue and expenses, the Company incurred a net loss of $2,437,628 or $0.12 per share for the three months ended March 31, 2025, compared with a net loss of $2,941,014 or $0.18 per share for the three months ended March 31, 2024.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
We continually monitor and manage cash flow to assess the liquidity necessary to fund operations and capital projects. We manage our capital resources and adjust them to take into account changes in economic conditions and the risk characteristics of the underlying assets. To maintain or adjust our capital resources, we may, where necessary, control the amount of working capital, pursue financing or manage the timing of our capital expenditures. As of March 31, 2025, we had a working capital deficit of $11,117,778 (current assets of $5,679,923, less current liabilities of $16,797,701) and as of December 31, 2024, we had a working capital deficit of $7,676,263 (current assets of $8,352,629, less current liabilities of $16,028,892).
Our continuing operations are dependent upon our ability to obtain debt or equity financing until such time that we achieve profitable operations. There can be no assurance that we will gain adequate market acceptance for our products or be able to generate sufficient gross margins to reach profitability.
Since our inception, we have incurred operating losses and have experienced negative cash flows from operations. We do not anticipate that cash on hand will be adequate to satisfy our obligations in the ordinary course of business over the next 12 months. Based on this assessment, we have material uncertainties about our business that may cast substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern. Accordingly, our ability to continue as a going concern is dependent upon our ability to raise sufficient funds to pay ongoing operating expenditures and to meet our obligations. See further discussion related to our ability to continue as a going concern within "- Basis of Presentation Statement of compliance."
As of March 31, 2025, and December 31, 2024, we had $4,005,376 and $7,100,699 in cash (including restricted cash), respectively. We are actively managing current cash flows until such time that we are profitable.
The chart below highlights our cash flows for the periods indicated:
| For the three months ended March 31, |
For the years ended December 31 |
|||
| 2025 | 2024 | 2024 | 2023 | |
| $ | $ | $ | $ | |
| Net cash provided by (used in): | ||||
| Operating activities | (1,669,732) | (1,089,826) | (3,864,714) | (3,362,780) |
| Investing activities | (5,295,422) | (50,000) | (1,256,052) | (928,276) |
| Financing activities | 3,869,831 | 62,973 | 10,527,356 | 3,761,154 |
| Increase (Decrease) in cash and restricted cash | (3,095,323) | (1,076,853) | 5,406,590 | (529,902) |
Cash Used in Operating Activities
Our net cash used in operating activities is primarily due to cash payments for operating expenses that we incur in the day-to-day operations of the business. Net cash used in operating activities for the three months ended March 31, 2025, was $1,669,732 compared to $1,089,826 for the three months ended March 31, 2024. The loss for the three months ended March 31, 2025, of $2,437,628 was amplified by $68,679 in working capital items and offset by $836,575 in non-cash items consisting mainly of the amortization of the convertible debt discount and change in fair value of derivative liability. This compares to a loss of $2,941,014 for the comparative period, that was offset by $267,237 in changes in working capital items and $1,583,951 in non-cash items consisting mainly of amortization of the convertible debt discount.
Net cash used in operating activities for the year ended December 31, 2024 was $3,864,714 compared to $3,362,780 for the year ended December 31, 2023. The loss for the year ended December 31, 2024 of $7,908,777 was offset by $543,514 in working capital items and $3,500,549 in non-cash items consisting mainly of the amortization of the convertible debt discount and change in fair value of derivative liability. This compares to a loss of $4,681,583 for the prior year, that was offset by $528,946 in changes in working capital items and $789,857 in non-cash items consisting mainly of amortization of the convertible debt discount.
Cash Used in Investing Activities
Net cash used in investing activities for the three months ended March 31, 2025, was $5,295,422 and relates to deposits made toward the purchase of property, plant and equipment of $5,000,000 and the purchase of short-term investments of $295,422. Net cash used in investing activities during the comparative period was $50,000 which relates to our deposits made toward the purchase of property, plant and equipment.
Net cash used in investing activities for the year ended December 31, 2024 was $1,256,052 and relates to deposits made toward the purchase of property, plant and equipment of $550,000 and the purchase of short-term investments of $1,295,252, netted off by redemption of short-term investments of $589,200. Net cash used in investing activities during the comparative prior period was $928,276 which relates to our deposits made toward the purchase of property, plant and equipment of $650,000 and the purchase of short-term investments of $278,276.
Cash Provided by Financing Activities
We have funded our business to date from the issuance of our common stock, warrants and convertible debentures through Reg A financing, private placements, and from loans from related parties.
Net cash provided by financing activities for the three months ended March 31, 2025, was $3,869,831 compared to $62,973 for the three months ended March 31, 2024.
During the three months ended March 31, 2025, the Company received gross proceeds from Reg A financing of $4,101,909 net of cash paid for share issuance costs of $232,078.
During the three months ended March 31, 2024, the Company received proceeds from convertible debentures to be issued of $107,973 and repaid $45,000 in related party notes payable.
Net cash provided by financing activities for the year ended December 31, 2024 was $10,527,356 compared to $3,761,154 for the year ended December 31, 2023.
During the year ended December 31, 2024, the Company received gross proceeds from the Offering of $10,690,243 net of debt issuance costs of $735,634, gross proceeds from the issuance of convertible debentures of $743,400 net of debt issuance costs of $19,950 and repaid $45,000 in related party loans, and paid deferred financing costs of subsequent closings of the Offering of $105,703.
During the year ended December 31, 2023, the Company received proceeds from the issuance of convertible debentures of $4,063,660 net of debt issuance costs of $86,506 and $31,500 from the issuance of 3,150,000 warrants at $0.01 per warrant and repaid $247,500 in related party loans.
Plan of Operations
The continuation of our current plan of operations, and our forward-looking strategy, requires us to raise significant additional capital. If we are successful in raising the maximum amount of capital through the sale of Common Stock pursuant to this Offering, we believe that the Company will have sufficient cash resources to fund its plan of operations for the next 18 months. If we are unable to do so, we may have to curtail and possibly cease some operations. The Company intends to receive proceeds from the Offering to carry out the following near term and longer-term goals. The approximate timing and costs associated with these target milestones are also summarized below. These target dates and cost estimates may change subject to multiple factors including, but not limited to, the following: (i) the timing of the Offering and quantity of capital raised; (ii) key equipment availability, cost, and delivery timing; (iii) supply chain fluctuations; (iv) availability and access to labor markets (skilled and unskilled); and (v) permitting and regulatory processes; and See also "Risk Factors".
| Target Milestone | Target Start Date |
Target Completion Date |
Cost Estimate |
|||||
| 1 | Acquisition of Platform II Aircraft. | Offering Completion | Q3 2025 | $12M(1) | ||||
| 2 | Expansion of Starfighters Spaceport II to Midland Texas. | Offering Completion | Offering Completion +6 months | NA(2) | ||||
| 4 | Complete initial airspace drop test at Kennedy Space Centre as first stage to acquire FAA launch license | Q3 2024 | Q4 2025 | $1.5M | ||||
| 5 | Acquire FAA "permission to launch" | Q3 2024 | Q4 2025 | $5.0M | ||||
| 6 | Secure position on authorized vendor list for major government body. | Offering Completion | Offering Completion +12 months | $0.7M |
_______________________________
Notes:
(1) The Company intends to allocate up to approximately $12M of the funds from this Offering to acquire the Platform II Aircraft, and intends to seek additional capital, through debt, equity, government funding or a any combination of the foregoing, if costs exceed the amount allocated. If the Company is unable to secure additional funding, if required, it may use additional capital from its working capital reserves to fund the acquisition of the Platform II Aircraft.
(2) The Company expects the funding for the expansion of Starfighters Spaceport II to Midland Texas to be funded primarily by the Texas State Government. There is no formal agreement for such funding at this time, and if such funding is not secured, the Company may not pursue this expansion plan.
We will continually evaluate our plan of operations to determine the manner in which we can most effectively utilize our cash resources. The timing of completion of any aspect of our plan of operations is highly dependent upon the availability of cash to implement that aspect of the plan and other factors beyond our control. There is no assurance that we will successfully obtain the required capital or revenues, or, if obtained, that the amounts will be sufficient to fund our ongoing operations.
Contractual Obligations
Issuance of options to consultant and officer
On September 1, 2023, we entered into an agreement with a consultant. Under the agreement, the Company agreed to grant the consultant 100,000 options and a further 150,000 options at the board's discretion upon the successful completion of an initial public offering of our common stock. The exercise price of the options shall equal the offering price of the offering. However, on August 12, 2025, the Company granted the consultant 100,000 restricted stock units which the consultant has agreed has satisfied the requirement for the granting of the 100,000 options.
On January 1, 2024, we entered into an agreement with our Chief Financial Officer ("CFO"). Under the agreement, the Company shall grant the CFO 250,000 options with an exercise price equal to the Offering price per share. However, on August 12, 2025, the Company granted the CFO 750,000 restricted stock units which the CFO has agreed has satisfied the requirement for the granting of any options.
Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk
Our board of directors have overall responsibility for the establishment and oversight of our risk management policies on an annual basis. Management identifies and evaluates our financial risks and is charged with the responsibility of establishing controls and procedures to ensure financial risks are mitigated in accordance with the approved policies.
Our financial instruments consist of cash, restricted cash, short-term investments, other receivable, amounts due to and from related parties, accounts payable and accrued liabilities, notes payable and convertible debt. The carrying value of the Company's cash, restricted cash, other receivable, amounts due and from related parties, notes payable and accounts payable and accrued liabilities approximate their fair value due to their short terms to maturity.
Our risk exposures and the impact on our financial instruments are summarized below:
Credit Risk
Credit risk is the risk of an unexpected loss if a customer or third party to a financial instrument fails to meet its contractual obligations. Our credit risk is primarily attributable to our liquid financial assets including cash and restricted cash. Our financial assets are cash, restricted cash, short-term investments, other receivable and due from related parties. Our maximum exposure to credit risk, as at period end, is the carrying value of our financial assets, being $4,573,875 and $7,362,354 as of March 31, 2025, and December 31, 2024, respectively. We hold cash, restricted cash and short-term investments with major financial institutions, therefore minimizing our credit risk. We historically have had no issues with collecting amounts receivable.
Liquidity Risk
Liquidity risk is the risk that we will not be able to meet financial obligations as they fall due. We manage liquidity by maintaining adequate cash balances and by raising equity and debt financings. We have no assurance that such financings will be available on favorable terms in the future. In general, we attempt to avoid exposure to liquidity risk by obtaining corporate financing through the issuance of shares or convertible debt.
As of March 31, 2025, we had cash of $3,955,164 to settle current liabilities of $16,797,701 which fall due for payment within twelve months of the unaudited condensed consolidated interim balance sheet.
Market Risk
Market risk is the risk that changes in market prices, such as foreign exchange rates, interest rates and equity prices will affect our income or value of holdings or financial instruments. As of March 31, 2025, and 2024, our exposure to market risk was insignificant as we did not hold material amounts of financial instruments in foreign currencies, not did we hold any debt that was subject to variable interest rates.
Inflation Risk
We do not believe that inflation had a significant impact on our results of operations for any periods presented in our unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements. Nonetheless, if our costs were to become subject to significant inflationary pressures, we may not be able to fully offset such higher costs, and our inability or failure to do so could harm our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Capital Management
Capital is comprised of our shareholders' deficiency and any debt that we may issue. Our objectives when managing capital are to maintain financial strength and to protect our ability to meet ongoing liabilities, to continue as a going concern, to maintain creditworthiness and to maximize returns for our shareholders over the long term. Protecting the ability to pay current and future liabilities includes maintaining capital above minimum regulatory levels, current financial strength rating requirements and internally determined capital guidelines and calculated risk management levels. We manage capital structure to maximize financial flexibility by making adjustments in response to changes in economic conditions and the risk characteristics of the underlying assets and business opportunities. We do not presently utilize any quantitative measures to monitor our capital, but rather we rely on our management's expertise to sustain the future development of the business. Management reviews its capital management approach on an ongoing basis and believes that this approach, given our size, is reasonable.
There were no changes to our approach to capital management during the period. We are not subject to externally imposed capital requirements.
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
Our unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements are prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the U.S. The preparation of our unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements and related disclosures requires us to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, costs and expenses, and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities in our unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements. We base our estimates on historical experience, known trends and events and various other factors that we believe are reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. We evaluate our estimates and assumptions on an ongoing basis. Our actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions.
While our summary of significant accounting policies are described in more detail in the notes to our unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements, we believe that the following accounting policies are those most critical to the judgments and estimates used in the preparation of our unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements.
Derivative Liabilities
The Company evaluates its financial instruments and other contracts to determine if those contracts or embedded components of those contracts qualify as derivatives to be separately accounted for in accordance with ASC 815. The result of this accounting treatment is that the fair value of the embedded derivative is marked-to-market at each balance sheet date and recorded as a liability and the change in fair value is recorded in the unaudited condensed consolidated interim statements of operations. Upon conversion or exercise of a derivative instrument, the instrument is marked to fair value at the conversion date and then that fair value is reclassified to equity.
The classification of derivative instruments, including whether such instruments should be recorded as liabilities or as equity, is reassessed at the end of each reporting period. Derivative instruments that become subject to reclassification are reclassified at the fair value of the instrument on the reclassification date. Derivative instrument liabilities will be classified in the balance sheet as current or non-current based on whether or not settlement of the derivative instrument is expected within 12 months of the balance sheet date.
The Company uses the Monte Carlo simulation model to value derivative liabilities. This model uses Level 3 inputs in the fair value hierarchy established by ASC 820, Fair Value Measurement.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
We have not entered into any material off-balance sheet arrangements such as guarantee contracts, contingent interests in assets transferred to unconsolidated entities, derivative financial obligations, or with respect to any obligations under a variable interest equity arrangement.
Proposed Transactions
We have not entered into any proposed transactions that have not been disclosed herein.
Subsequent Events
On April 2, 2025, the Company issued 1,142,367 shares of common stock at a price of $3.59 per share in connection with the fifth closing of the Offering for gross proceeds of $4,101,098. In conjunction with the closing of this round, the Company incurred cash issuance costs of $231,265. On April 2, 2025, the Company issued 11,425 agent's warrants in connection with this closing, with each warrant exercisable into one share of common stock at an exercise price of $3.59 and expiring on September 6, 2029.
On April 25, 2025, the Company issued 234,485 shares of common stock at a price of $3.59 per share in connection with the sixth closing of the Offering for gross proceeds of $841,801. In conjunction with the closing of this round, the Company incurred cash issuance cost of $29,065. On April 25, 2025, the Company issued 2,344 agent's warrants in connection with this closing, with each warrant exercisable into one share of common stock at an exercise price of $3.59 and expiring on September 6, 2029.
On June 1, 2025, the Company entered into a commercial hangar lease agreement with the City of Midland for the lease of hangar facilities at Midland International Air & Space Port in relation to its commitments in the Economic Development Agreement. The lease is for $18,535 per month with a term of one year, which may be extended upon mutual written consent for up to four additional years.
On July 16, 2025, the Company issued 647,466 shares of common stock at a price of $3.59 per share in connection with the seventh closing of the Offering for gross proceeds of $2,324,403. On July 16, 2025, the Company issued 6,451 agent's warrants in connection with this closing, with each warrant exercisable into one share of common stock at an exercise price of $3.59 and expiring on September 6, 2029.
Going Concern
These financial statements have been prepared on a going concern basis, which assumes that the Company will be able to meet its obligations and continue its operations for the next twelve months. The Company expects to incur further losses in the development of the business. These factors indicate the existence of material uncertainties that raise substantial doubt upon the Company's ability to continue as a going concern. As a result, the Company may be unable to realize its assets and discharge its liabilities in the normal course of business. The Company's ability to continue as a going concern is dependent on its ability to obtain necessary financing to meet its operating expenditures and discharge its liabilities in the normal course of business. Although the Company has been successful in obtaining financing during the year ended December 31, 2024 and thus far in the year ended December 31, 2025, there can be no assurance that the Company will be able to obtain adequate financing in the future or that such financing will be on terms advantageous to the Company.
DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND SIGNIFICANT EMPLOYEES
The following table sets forth our executive officers and directors as of the date of this Offering Circular:
| Name | Position | Age | Term in Office | Approximate Hours per Week for Part Time Employees/Consultants |
| Rick Svetkoff | President, Chief Executive Officer, Director, and Executive Chairman | 72 | Since September 6, 2022 | Full Time |
| Tim Franta | Director and VP Development | 61 | Since October 18, 2022 | Full Time |
| David Whitney | Chief Financial Officer | 43 | Since January 1, 2024 | Full Time |
| Brenda Svetkoff | Corporate Secretary | 60 | Since September 6, 2022 | 1 hour per week |
| Sean Bromley | Director ("Lead Director") | 35 | Since October 18, 2022 | N/A |
| Brian Goldmeier | Director | 42 | Since August 12, 2025 | N/A |
| Geoffrey P. Hickman | Director | 53 | Since August 12, 2025 | N/A |
Business Experience
Rick Svetkoff - President, Chief Executive Officer, Director, and Executive Chairman
Mr. Svetkoff, a former US Navy pilot, is the President and CEO of Starfighters. After leaving the Navy, he served as a Captain at Continental Airlines (now United Airlines), where he flew the B727, MD80, B757, and B767. Shortly after starting with Continental, in 1996, Mr. Svetkoff purchased a Lockheed F-104 and began flying at airshows and founded Starfighters, Inc. (a predecessor to the Company). He then acquired a fleet of the jets for a three-aircraft Starfighters Demonstration team. Ultimately, he envisioned this Lockheed F-104 fleet as the core asset of a small, fast reacting aerospace company for a wide range of missions. In 2006, NASA invited the Company to establish a presence at the Kennedy Space Center, and it signed a permanent agreement in 2009. Mr. Svetkoff has served as the Company's President, Chief Executive Officer and a director since the inception of its predecessor, Starfighters, Inc., in 1996, and has grown it into what the Company believes to be the largest commercial squadron of supersonic-capable aircraft in the world.
Tim Franta - Director and VP Development
Mr. Franta has been the Vice President of Development for Starfighters since October 18, 2022. He is currently developing the smallest rocket capable of making it to low earth orbit by using a Lockheed F-104 as the launch platform. Mr. Franta has served in many technology and policy leadership roles. Prior to Starfighters, Mr. Franta was the deputy director of Energy Florida based in Cape Canaveral from October 2018 to September 2022 and Director of Special Projects from 2012 to October 2018. He specialized in space and energy business development by translating financial and physical requirements into fundable business plans. Mr. Franta is also an expert at coordinating public policy with private and governmental financing for mutually beneficial projects. Previously, Mr. Franta has worked for the Florida Legislature and was chief of staff for the Florida Space Authority. He was instrumental in drafting space transportation legislation which was considered and eventually adopted by the Florida Legislature, managed two launch pads and helped fund more than $300 million of space and ground infrastructure.
David Whitney - Chief Financial Officer
Mr. Whitney has served as Starfighters Space, Inc.'s Chief Financial Officer since January 2024. Mr. Whitney has been serving as a Finance Executive for technology companies for the past 10 years with both private and public companies. From November 2016 to May 2020 Mr. Whitney served as the Chief Financial Officer for RentMoola Payment Solutions Inc. ("RentMoola"). From September 2018 to January 2020 he also served on the Board of Directors for RentMoola. During his tenure at RentMoola, Mr. Whitney oversaw the financing and accounting divisions at the Company; he was responsible for all capital raises which included a Series A, and retail investments. From May 2020 to September 2022 he served as Chief Financial Officer for Property Vista Software Inc. ("Property Vista"). At Property Vista, Mr. Whitney was responsible for the finance and accounting office at the Company and was responsible for all capital and debt solutions while employed there. From September 2022 to December 2023 Mr. Whitney was Chief Financial Officer for a large Canadian independent film studio, BRON Studios. Mr. Whitney had a team of over 60 finance and account staff and was responsible for over $500MM in film and investment assets. Mr. Whitney is a CPA (CA) designated in British Columbia Canada, articling in public practice at Ernst & Young LLP. Mr. Whitney has won several distinguished awards in his field including Ernst & Youngs '40 Under 40' award for Western Canada. Mr. Whitney has a Bachelor of Business Administration minoring in Advanced Accounting from the British Columbia Institute of Technology.
Brenda Svetkoff - Corporate Secretary
Ms. Svetkoff has served as the corporate secretary of Starfighters since September 2022. She is familiar with aviation operations, having worked for Continental Airlines for 13 years. Ms. Svetkoff has assisted with Starfighters transition from an airshow team to a research, development, testing and evaluation as well as a launch company. Ms. Svetkoff also coordinates Starfighters' involvement with STEM (science, technology, engineering and math) education programs which culminates every year with Girls in Aviation coming to Starfighters' hangar for a day of events.
Sean Bromley - Director
Mr. Bromley is a self-employed independent consultant to private and public companies and has significant experience in consulting and advising early-stage companies. As a former investment advisor, Mr. Bromley also brings considerable capital markets and financing expertise to the Company. He has been working as an investment consultant for the past 9 years and currently serves, or has served, as a director and consultant for multiple public and private companies including The Vurger Co Ltd. (since March 2022), Modern Mining Technology Corp. (since September 2021), Promino Nutritional Sciences Inc. (since August 2020), Pure Extracts Technologies Corp. (December 2019 to August 2023), Isracann Biosciences Inc. (December 2018 to January 2024), Bolt Metals Corp. (October 2017 to November 2024) White Gold Corp. (since November 2015), and Apollo Silver Corp. (August 2015 to June 2023). As a consultant, Mr. Bromley assists companies with corporate strategy, the identification of potential targets for mergers and acquisitions and the negotiation of transaction agreements, capital raising and making introductions to potential business partners. Mr. Bromley holds a Bachelor of Commerce degree with specialization in Finance from the University of Calgary in Alberta, Canada. He also studied at The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology in 2012.
Brian Goldmeier - Director
Mr. Goldmeier is the founder and president of BYG Strategies, Inc., a strategic advisory and political consultancy firm headquartered in Miami, Florida, which he founded in November 2010. Through his firm, Mr. Goldmeier advises public and private sector clients across the United States on market entry, expansion strategies, capital development, and stakeholder engagement. He has extensive experience supporting early-stage companies, including those in the technology, cryptocurrency, and financial services sectors, and has worked closely with C-suite executives and corporate boards to advance growth strategies and public-private initiatives. Mr. Goldmeier has served as a senior advisor and principal fundraiser to numerous political campaigns, issue-based initiatives, and nonprofit organizations. Over the course of his career, he has led efforts that have raised more than $300 million for political and policy campaigns and has supported capital raises and business development projects valued at over $500 million. His experience includes structuring and advising on complex multi-stakeholder initiatives, public-private partnerships, and major investment and infrastructure projects. Mr. Goldmeier is also engaged in civic and professional training, offering strategic networking and fundraising guidance to elected officials, trade associations, and business coalitions. He is widely regarded for his ability to navigate government relations, investment strategy, and corporate positioning at both the local and national level.
Geoffrey P. Hickman - Director
Geoffrey "Hak" Hickman is a c-suite executive and board member with over 30 years' experience in risk management, financial services, and building high performing teams. He is a former tactical military pilot with over 3200 flight hours and holds FINRA banking licenses (Series 24, 79, 7, 63).
While also flying for a major US airline, Mr. Hickman is currently the Managing Partner of Global Specialized Advisory, LLC., a consulting company providing expertise to clients with a focus on financial efficiency, structuring and risk transfer. Prior to this, Mr. Hickman was the Chief Commercial Officer for Aon's Public Sector Partnership (PSP) which focused on developing innovative solutions to help governments and other public institutions reduce volatility and increase the resiliency of their mission.
Mr. Hickman previously served as a senior leader within Citi's Public Sector Group and led Citi's relationships with the World Bank Group and the U.S. Department of Defense. He also led Citi's overall efforts with Developmental Finance Institutions headquartered in Asia and Ministries of Defense globally. In these roles, Mr. Hickman drove client satisfaction in the delivery of Citi's full suite of corporate banking solutions to these complex, global public sector clients. Before joining Citi, Mr. Hickman was a management consultant with McKinsey & Company and specialized in designing transformative processes and structures in his work with financial institutions and large governmental organizations.
Prior to his career in the business world, Mr. Hickman served as an F-16 Instructor and Evaluator pilot in the U.S. Air Force (USAF). Mr. Hickman deployed for multiple contingency operations and flew combat missions over Iraq and the former Yugoslavia, accumulating over 269 combat hours. In his final USAF assignment, Mr. Hickman served as the Ninth Air Force "Viper East" Demonstration Pilot and Team Commander. During this two-year period, he flew F-16 demonstrations at 77 air show sites across the US and Europe for over 17 million spectators. After departing from the USAF, Mr. Hickman was able to continue flying air shows after becoming qualified in the L-39 and F-104.
Mr. Hickman holds the degree of Master in Public Policy (MPP) from Harvard's Kennedy School of Government and a BS in International Affairs/History with a Minor in Mandarin language from the U.S. Air Force Academy. He is also the co-founder of the Veterans on Wall Street (VOWS) DC chapter, has served as a board member for the Association of Military Banks of America (AMBA) and is the Chair of the Advisory Board for Ranchland Capital Partners, a real asset investment manager focused exclusively on large western Ranchlands and providing clients with access to professionally managed, institutional quality assets.
Significant Employees
The Company does not have any employees.
Family Relationships
Rick Svetkoff, our President, Chief Executive Officer, Director and Executive Chairman, and Brenda Svetkoff, our Secretary, are spouses.
Involvement in Certain Legal Proceedings
Except as set forth below, to our knowledge, none of our current directors or executive officers has, during the past ten years:
been convicted in a criminal proceeding or been subject to a pending criminal proceeding (excluding traffic violations and other minor offenses);
had any bankruptcy petition filed by or against the business or property of the person, or of any partnership, corporation or business association of which he or she was a general partner or executive officer, either at the time of the bankruptcy filing or within two years prior to that time;
been subject to any order, judgment, or decree, not subsequently reversed, suspended or vacated, of any court of competent jurisdiction or federal or state authority, permanently or temporarily enjoining, barring, suspending or otherwise limiting, his involvement in any type of business, securities, futures, commodities, investment, banking, savings and loan, or insurance activities, or to be associated with persons engaged in any such activity;
been found by a court of competent jurisdiction in a civil action or by the SEC or the Commodity Futures Trading Commission to have violated a federal or state securities or commodities law, and the judgment has not been reversed, suspended, or vacated;
been the subject of, or a party to, any federal or state judicial or administrative order, judgment, decree, or finding, not subsequently reversed, suspended or vacated (not including any settlement of a civil proceeding among private litigants), relating to an alleged violation of any federal or state securities or commodities law or regulation, any law or regulation respecting financial institutions or insurance companies including, but not limited to, a temporary or permanent injunction, order of disgorgement or restitution, civil money penalty or temporary or permanent cease-and-desist order, or removal or prohibition order, or any law or regulation prohibiting mail or wire fraud or fraud in connection with any business entity; or
been the subject of, or a party to, any sanction or order, not subsequently reversed, suspended or vacated, of any self-regulatory organization (as defined in Section 3(a)(26) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the Exchange Act)), any registered entity (as defined in Section 1(a)(29) of the Commodity Exchange Act), or any equivalent exchange, association, entity or organization that has disciplinary authority over its members or persons associated with a member.
Sean Bromley, a director of the Company, was a director of The Vurger Co. Ltd. ("Vurger") when a Notice of Administrator's Appointment with respect to Vurger was filed with the United Kingdom's Companies House in accordance with Rule 3.27 of the Insolvency (England & Wales) Rules 2016 and paragraph 46(4) of Schedule B1 to the Insolvency Act 1986 in April 2023. On April 28, 2023, Vurger entered into insolvency proceedings, leading to a "pre-packaged" administration sale of its assets which was announced and completed on May 5, 2023. Vurger was dissolved on June 18, 2025.
Except as set forth above and in our discussion below in "Security Ownership of Management and Principal Stockholders - Transactions with Related Persons," none of our directors or executive officers has been involved in any transactions with us or any of our directors, executive officers, affiliates or associates which are required to be disclosed pursuant to the rules and regulations of the SEC.
We are not currently a party to any legal proceedings, the adverse outcome of which, individually or in the aggregate, we believe will have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or operating results.
Board Composition and Election of Directors
The Board is comprised of five members made up of a single class of directors. Each director is subject to re-election on an annual basis at each annual meeting of stockholders. The number of directors shall be determined from time to time by resolution of the Board. Directors need not be stockholders and each directors shall hold office until such director's successor is elected and qualified or until such director's earlier death, resignation or removal. A majority of the directors then in office have the power to fill such vacancy or vacancies.
Director Independence
We have determined that Messrs. Sean Bromley, Brian Goldmeier and Geoff Hickman are independent directors in accordance with the listing requirements of NYSE American. The NYSE American independence definition includes a series of objective tests, including that the director is not, and has not been for at least three years, one of the Company's employees and that neither the director nor any of his, her or their family members has engaged in various types of business dealings with the Company.
Committees of the Board of Directors
Our Board has established an audit committee, a compensation committee and a nominating and corporate governance committee, each of which operate pursuant to a charter adopted by our Board of Directors. The Board of Directors may also establish other committees from time to time to assist our company and the Board. Our committees' charters are available on our website at https://starfightersspace.com/. The reference to our website address does not constitute incorporation by reference of the information contained at or available through our website, and you should not consider it to be part of this Offering Circular.
Audit Committee
Our Audit Committee consists of Sean Bromley, Brian Goldmeier and Geoff Hickman each of whom have been determined by the Board to satisfy the independence requirements under NYSE American listing standards and Rule 10A-3(b)(1) of the Exchange Act. The chair of our Audit Committee is Sean Bromley, who the Board has determined is an "audit committee financial expert" within the meaning of SEC regulations. Each member of our Audit Committee can read and understand fundamental financial statements in accordance with applicable requirements. In arriving at these determinations, the Board has examined each Audit Committee member's scope of experience and the nature of their employment in the corporate finance sector.
The Audit Committee is governed by an updated charter approved by our Board of Directors, a copy of which is attached as exhibit 99.1 hereto. The Audit Committee is responsible for, among other things:
| ● | ensuring, through discussion with management and the external auditors, that the Company's annual and quarterly financial statements (individually and collectively, the "Financial Statements"), as applicable, present fairly in all material respects the financial conditions, results of operations and cash flows of the Company as of and for the periods presented; |
| ● | reviewing and recommending for approval to the Board, the Company's financial statements, accounting policies that affect the financial statements, annual MD&A and associated press release(s); |
| ● | reviewing significant issues affecting financial reports; |
| ● | monitoring the objectivity and credibility of the Company's financial reports; |
| ● | considering the effectiveness of the Company's internal controls over financial reporting and related information technology security and control; | |
| ● | reviewing with auditors any issues or concerns related to any internal control systems in the process of the audit; |
| ● | reviewing with management, external auditors and legal counsel any material litigation claims or other contingencies, including tax assessments, and adequacy of financial provisions, that could materially affect financial reporting; |
| ● | overseeing the work of the external auditor engaged for the purpose of preparing or issuing an auditor's report or performing such other audit, review or attest services for the Company, including the resolution of disagreements between management and the external auditor regarding financial reporting; and |
| ● | taking such other actions within the general scope of its responsibilities as the Audit Committee shall deem appropriate or as directed by the Board of Directors. |
Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee
The Board of Directors adopted a Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee Charter that complies with the requirements of Section 804 of the NYSE American Company Guide, and has established a Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee (the "N&CG Committee") which operates under its Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee Charter. The N&CG Committee is currently comprised of Geoff Hickman (chair), Seam Bromley and Brian Goldmeier. The N&CG Committee is responsible for (i) identifying and recommending to the Board, individuals qualified to be nominated for election to the Board; (ii) recommending to the Board, the members and chairperson for each Board committee; and (iii) periodically reviewing and assessing the Company's corporate governance principles contained in the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee Charter and making recommendations for changes thereto to the Board. The N&CG Committee is governed by a charter approved by our Board of Directors, a copy of which is attached as exhibit 99.2 hereto.
The N&CG Committee is responsible for, among other things:
| ● | leading the Company's search for individuals qualified to become members of the Board; |
| ● | evaluating and recommending to the Board for nomination candidates for election or re-election as directors; |
| ● | establishing and overseeing appropriate director orientation and continuing education programs; |
| ● | making recommendations to the Board regarding an appropriate organization and structure for the Board of Directors; |
| ● | evaluating the size, composition, membership qualifications, scope of authority, responsibilities, reporting obligations and charters of each committee of the Board; |
| ● | periodically reviewing and assessing the adequacy of the Company's corporate governance principles as contained in the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee Charter and, should it deem it appropriate, it may develop and recommend to the Board of Directors for adoption of additional corporate governance principles; |
| ● | periodically reviewing the Company's Articles in light of existing corporate governance trends, and shall recommend any proposed changes for adoption by the Board of Directors or submission by the Board of Directors to the Company's shareholders; |
| ● | making recommendations on the structure and logistics of Board of Directors' meetings and may recommend matters for consideration by the Board of Directors; |
| ● | considering, adopting and overseeing all processes for evaluating the performance of the Board of Directors, each committee and individual directors; and |
| ● | annually reviewing and assessing its own performance. |
Compensation Committee
The Board of Directors adopted a Compensation Committee Charter which complies with the requirements of Section 805 of the NYSE American Company Guide and the Board of Directors has established a Compensation Committee (the "Compensation Committee"). The Compensation Committee is comprised of Sean Bromley (chair), Geoff Hickman and Brian Goldmeier. The Compensation Committee is governed by a charter approved by our Board of Directors, a copy of which is attached as exhibit 99.3 hereto.
The Compensation Committee assists the Board in fulfilling its oversight responsibilities relating to officer and director compensation, succession planning for senior management, development and retention of senior management and such other duties as directed by the Board.
Each of the Compensation Committee members satisfies the "independence" requirements of Section 803(A)(2) of the NYSE American Company Guide. The Compensation Committee will be responsible for, among other things:
| ● | reviewing and approving the Company's compensation guidelines and structure; |
| ● | reviewing and approving on an annual basis the corporate goals and objectives with respect to the CEO of the Company; |
| ● | reviewing and approving on an annual basis the evaluation process and compensation structure for the Company's other officers, including salary, bonus, incentive and equity compensation; |
| ● | reviewing the Company's incentive compensation and other equity-based plans and recommending changes in such plans to the Board as needed. |
| ● | periodically making recommendations to the Board regarding the compensation of non-management directors, including Board and committee retainers, meeting fees, equity-based compensation and such other forms of compensation and benefits as the Committee may consider appropriate; and |
| ● | overseeing the appointment and removal of executive officers, and reviewing and approving for executive officers, including the CEO, any employment, severance or change in control agreements. |
Code of Business Conduct and Ethics
The Company adopted a written code of business conduct and ethics that applies to its directors, officers and employees, including its principal executive officer, principal financial officer, principal accounting officer or controller, or persons performing similar functions. A copy of the code is posted on the corporate website at https://starfightersspace.com/. In addition, the Company intends to post on its website all disclosures that are required by law concerning any amendments to, or waivers from, any provision of the code. The reference to the Company's website address does not constitute incorporation by reference of the information contained at or available through its website, and you should not consider it to be a part of this Offering Circular.
EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION
Summary Compensation Table
Our named executive officers for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2024 (“Fiscal 2024”) consists of (i) Rick Svetkoff, our current President, CEO and Executive Chairman, (ii) David Whitney, our current Chief Financial Officer, and (iii) Tim Franta, our current Vice President of Development. Our named executive officers for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023 (“Fiscal 2023”) consists of (i) Rick Svetkoff, our President and CEO, (ii) Olga Balanovskaya, our then Chief Financial Officer, and (iii) Tim Franta, our Vice President of Development. The following Summary Compensation Table sets forth the compensation earned by or paid to our named executive officers for Fiscal 2024 and Fiscal 2023 are as follows:
| Name and Principal Position |
Year | Salary ($) |
Bonus ($) |
Stock awards ($) |
Option awards ($) |
Non-equity incentive plan compensation ($) |
Non- qualified deferred compensation earnings ($) |
All other compensation ($) |
Total ($) |
| Rick Svetkoff (1) President, CEO and Executive Chairman |
2024 |
274,000 |
10,000 |
- | - |
- |
- |
- | 284,000 |
| 2023 |
222,000 |
10,000 |
- | - | - | - | - | 232,000 | |
| David Whitney (2) CFO |
2024 | 102,000 |
55,000 |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
157,000 |
| 2023 | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | |
| Olga Balanovskaya (3) Former CFO |
2024 |
n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| 2023 | 56,250 | - | - | - | - | - | - | 56,250 | |
| Tim Franta | 2024 | 114,000 | 5,000 | - | - | - | - | - | 119,000 |
| VP of Development | 2023 | 114,000 | 2,000 | - | - | - | - | - | 116,000 |
Notes:
|
|
(1) |
Mr. Rick Svetkoff was appointed as our President and CEO September 6, 2022 and was appointed as Executive Chairman on June 1, 2024. |
|
|
(2) |
Mr. David Whitney was appointed as our CFO on January 1, 2024. |
|
|
(3) |
Ms. Balanovskaya resigned as our CFO on November 1, 2023. |
As our Company progresses through its current phase of development with a focus on achieving profitability, our executive compensation strategy has been intentionally straightforward, centered primarily around fixed base salaries. To that extent, during our fiscal year ended December 31, 2024, we did not provide any executive compensation to our named executive officers other than a base salary.
Executive Employment Agreements
As of December 31, 2024, we did not have any employment agreements with any of our named executive officers.
Consulting Agreements
We have entered into consulting agreements with the following executive officers, directors (including former directors), employees, and consultants. We may enter into additional employment agreements with other key executives, directors, employees, and consultants in the future.
Austin Thornberry (former director)
Austin Thornberry, who was then a director of the Company and served in such capacity until his resignation on August 11, 2025, entered into a consulting agreement with the Company dated February 1, 2023. Pursuant to the terms and conditions of the agreement, Mr. Thornberry agreed to provide the Company with the following services: (i) assisting with required financial statement review and audit, (ii) providing capital markets, corporate finance and advisory advice in connection with private placement and public offerings by the Company, (iii) reviewing potential business development opportunities of the Company, and (iv) performing such other duties as may be requested by the Company from time to time and agreed to by Mr. Thornberry. As consideration for the provision of the services, the Company agreed to pay Mr. Thornberry a base fee of $200 per hour, plus applicable taxes, on a monthly basis. The Company also agreed to reimburse Mr. Thornberry for pre-approved expenses.
The Company's engagement of Mr. Thornberry as a consultant commenced on February 1, 2023, and was stated to continue for a period of twelve (12) months, unless the agreement was terminated in accordance with its terms. Following the initial twelve (12) month term the agreement was to continue on a month-to-month basis. The Company was permitted to terminate the agreement at any time for cause by providing Mr. Thornberry written notice. Additionally, either Mr. Thornberry or the Company could terminate the agreement upon at least thirty (30) days' prior written notice provided that the Company could elect to terminate Mr. Thornberry at any time by paying Mr. Thornberry the fees he would have been entitled to receive over the thirty (30) day notice period in lieu of such notice. Such consulting agreement ceased as of April 30, 2024.
Sea Island Consulting Ltd. (David Whitney)
Sea Island Consulting Ltd. ("Sea Island"), a company wholly-owned and controlled by David Whitney, entered into a consulting agreement with the Company dated January 1, 2024. Pursuant to the terms and conditions of the agreement, David Whitney will perform the services of Chief Financial Officer of the Company for monthly compensation of $4,250 per month. Pursuant to the consulting agreement, the Company has agreed to grant Sea Island the following Options pursuant to the 2023 Stock Incentive Plan:
The Options and any underlying Common Stock will be subject to a six-month escrow period (or such longer period as may be required by the Company's selling agent or underwriter) from the date of the Company completes an initial public offering, or the Common Stock are otherwise listed on a recognized stock exchange in the United States.
On or around September 1, 2024, the monthly consideration under the consulting agreement was verbally agreed to be increased from $4,250 per month to $8,500 per month retroactively effective to January 1, 2024. On or around March 14, 2025, the monthly consideration under the consulting agreement was verbally agreed to be increased from $8,500 per month to $15,000 per month retroactively effective to January 1, 2025.
On August 12, 2025, the Company granted the Mr. Whitney 750,000 restricted stock units and Mr. Whitney agreed to waive the requirement for the granting of any options under the Sea Island consulting agreement.
The Company's engagement of Sea Island commenced on January 1, 2024, and will continue indefinitely on a month-to-month basis until the agreement is terminated in accordance with its terms. The Company may terminate the agreement at any time for cause by providing Sea Island written notice. Additionally, either Sea Island or the Company may terminate the agreement upon at least thirty (30) days' prior written notice.
Rick Svetkoff
We currently do not have a written employment or consulting agreement with our CEO, Rick Svetkoff. Prior to the inception of the Company in September 2022, Mr. Svetkoff was the sole director, officer and shareholder of the predecessors to the Company. Mr. Svetkoff's compensation was historically determined based on available funds from operations. Following completion of this Offering, the Company intends to undertake a compensation review for Mr. Svetkoff, and other key members of management, and enter into a formal executive employment or consulting agreement with him.
For the fiscal year 2024, Mr. Svetkoff was paid $18,500 per month as management fees and $2,000 per month as director fees. In addition, Mr. Svetkoff received $4,000 per month as chairman fees from June to December 2024. On or around January 3, 2025, the monthly management fees paid to Mr. Svetkoff were increased from $18,500 per month to $25,000 per month.
Tim Franta
We currently do not have a written employment or consulting agreement with our Vice President of Development, Tim Franta. Mr. Franta’s compensation was historically determined based on available funds from operations.
For the fiscal year 2024, Mr. Franta was paid $7,500 per month as salary and $2,000 per month as director fees. On or around January 3, 2025, the monthly salary fees paid to Mr. Franta were increased from $7,500 per month to $8,000 per month.
Outstanding Equity Awards Held by Named Executive Officers at Fiscal Year End
As of December 31, 2024, no named executive officer held any vested or unvested unexercised options to purchase shares of the Company's common stock, shares of unvested restricted stock or other awards under any Company equity incentive plan.
Retirement Benefits
The Company does not have any defined benefit or defined contribution plans that provide for payments or benefits at, following or in connection with retirement.
Separation Benefits
The Company does not have any agreements that provide for payment(s) to a named executive officer at, following, or in connection with the resignation, retirement or other termination of a name executive officer, or a change in control of the smaller reporting company or a change in the named executive officer's responsibilities following a change in control, with respect to each named executive officer.
Compensation Policies and Practices and Risk Management
One of the responsibilities of our Compensation Committee and our Board, in its role in setting executive compensation and overseeing our various compensation programs, is to ensure that our compensation programs are structured so as to discourage inappropriate risk-taking. We believe that our existing compensation practices and policies for all employees, including executive officers, mitigate against this risk by, among other things, providing a meaningful portion of total compensation in the form of equity incentives. Future equity incentives in the form of stock grants to promote long-term rather than short-term financial performance and to encourage employees to focus on sustained stock price appreciation. The Compensation Committee is responsible for monitoring our existing compensation practices and policies and investigating applicable enhancements to align our existing practices and policies with avoidance or elimination of risk and the enhancement of long-term stockholder value.
Director Compensation
Each of our directors receives regular cash compensation of $2,000 per month, for serving on the Board.
The following table set forth information relating to the compensation paid to our directors who are not named above in the Summary Compensation Table for Fiscal 2024:
| Name | Fees earned or paid in cash ($) |
Stock awards ($) |
Option awards ($) |
Non-equity incentive plan compensation ($) |
Nonqualified deferred compensation earnings ($) |
All other compensation ($) |
Total ($) |
| Austin Thornberry (1) | 24,000 | - | - | - | - | - | 24,000 |
| Frostee Rucker (2) | 24,000 | - | - | - | - | - | 24,000 |
| Sean Bromley | 44,000 | - | - | - | - | - | 44,000 |
Note:
(1) Austin Thornberry resigned as a director of the Company on August 11, 2025.
(2) Frostee Rucker resigned as a director of the Company on August 11, 2025.
Recovery (Clawback) Policy
On August 22, 2025, the Board of Directors of the Company adopted the Starfighters Space, Inc. Policy for the Recovery of Erroneously Awarded Incentive-Based Compensation (the "Recovery Policy"), with an effective date of August 22, 2025, which complies with Section 10D of the United States Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "Exchange Act"), Rule 10D-1 of the Exchange Act ("Rule 10D-1"), and the listing rules adopted by NYSE American (collectively, the "Final Clawback Rules"). The Board has designated the Compensation Committee of the Board as the administrator of the Recovery Policy.
The Recovery Policy provides for the mandatory recovery of erroneously awarded incentive-based compensation from current and former executive officers as defined in Rule 10D-1 ("Covered Officers") of the Company in the event that the Company is required to prepare an accounting restatement, in accordance with the Final Clawback Rules. The recovery of such compensation applies regardless of whether a Covered Officer engaged in misconduct or otherwise caused or contributed to the requirement of an accounting restatement. Under the Recovery Policy, the Company may recoup from the Covered Officers erroneously awarded incentive-based compensation received within a lookback period of the three completed fiscal years preceding the date on which the Company is required to prepare an accounting restatement.
We have filed our Recovery Policy as Exhibit 99.4 hereto.
Director Indemnification
The Company has entered into indemnity agreements (the "Indemnity Agreement") with each of Tim Franta, Sean Bromley, Brian Goldmeier and Geoff Hickman, as well as former directors Austin Thornberry and Frostee Rucker (collectively, the "Indemnified Directors" and each an "Indemnified Director"). Pursuant to the terms and conditions of each Indemnity Agreement, the Company has agreed to indemnify each of the Indemnified Directors who is a party to or witness, or is threatened to be made a party or witness, in any pending or completed action, suit, claim or other proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative, investigative, legislative or any other type, due to (i) an event related to the Indemnified Director's service as a director, or (ii) by reason of anything done or not done by the Indemnified Director.
CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
In addition to the compensation arrangements with directors and executive officers described under "Executive Compensation" in this Offering Circular, the following is a description of each transaction since the beginning of our last fiscal year, and each currently proposed transaction in which:
| ● | we have been or are to be a participant; |
| ● | the amount involved exceeds or will exceed the lesser of $120,000 and 1% of the average of the Company's total assets at year-end for the last two completed fiscal years; and |
| ● | any of our directors, executive officers or beneficial holders of more than 5% of our capital stock, or any immediate family member of, or person sharing the household with, any of these individuals (other than tenants or employees), had or will have a direct or indirect material interest. |
The Company has policies and procedures designed to minimize potential conflicts of interest arising from any dealings it may have with its affiliates and to provide appropriate procedures for the disclosure of any real or potential conflicts of interest that may exist from time to time. Specifically, pursuant to its audit committee charter, the audit committee has the responsibility to review related party transactions.
Certain Relationships and Related Party Transactions
The Company and its subsidiaries have entered into the following transactions with related parties:
As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company owed $128,000 and $78,500, respectively, in accounts payable and accrued liabilities to related parties.
SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF MANAGEMENT AND PRINCIPAL STOCKHOLDERS
The following table sets forth the beneficial ownership of our Common Stock as of the date of this filing by:
| ● | each person who is known to be the beneficial owner of more than 5% of the outstanding shares of Common Stock; |
| ● | each of our current executive officers and directors; and |
| ● | all our current executive officers and directors as a group. |
Beneficial ownership is determined according to the rules of the SEC, which generally provide that a person has beneficial ownership of a security if he, she or it possesses sole or shared voting or investment power over that security, including options and warrants that are currently exercisable or exercisable within 60 days after that date through the exercise of any option or warrant. In computing the number of shares of Common Stock beneficially owned by a person and the percentage ownership of that person, our shares of Common Stock subject to options or warrants (as set forth above) held by that person that are currently exercisable, or will become exercisable within 60 days thereafter, are deemed outstanding for such person, while such shares are not deemed outstanding for purposes of computing percentage ownership of any other person. Each person named in the table has sole voting and investment power with respect to all of the shares shown as beneficially owned by such person, except as otherwise indicated in the table or footnotes below.
Unless otherwise indicated, we believe that all persons named in the table below have sole voting and investment power with respect to the voting securities beneficially owned by them. To our knowledge, none of the shares of Common Stock beneficially owned by any executive officer or director have been pledged as security. Unless otherwise noted, the address of each beneficial owner is Reusable Launch Vehicle Hangar, Hangar Rd., Cape Canaveral, FL, 32920.
As of August 26, 2025, the date of this filing, there are 21,716,897 shares of Common Stock issued and outstanding.
| Name of Beneficial Owner |
Amount and nature of beneficial owner |
%(1) | ||||
| 5% or More Shareholders | ||||||
| N/A | - | - | ||||
| Directors and Executive Officers | ||||||
| Rick Svetkoff | 14,170,000 | 65.2% | ||||
| David Whitney | - | - | ||||
| Tim Franta | - | - | ||||
| Sean Bromley(2) | 530,000 | 2.4% | ||||
| Brian Goldmeier | - | - | ||||
| Geoff Hickman | - | - | ||||
| All directors and executive officers as a group (6 individuals) | 14,700,000 | 66.2% |
(1) Based on 21,716,897 shares outstanding as of the date of this filing.
(2) This figure consists of (i) 30,000 shares held directly by Mr. Bromley and (ii) 500,000 warrants to purchase 500,000 shares of common stock held by 1129925 B.C. Ltd., over which Mr. Bromley has voting and investment control over such securities, and which warrants have vested and are exercisable at $0.33 per share until September 15, 2026.
SECURITIES BEING OFFERED
The following is a summary of the rights of our Common Stock as provided in the Company's Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws. For more detailed information, please see the Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws which have been filed as exhibits to the Offering Statement of which this Offering Circular is a part.
General
The Company's Certificate of Incorporation authorizes the issuance of 200,000,000 shares of Common Stock with $0.00001 par value per share of Common Stock.
Rights Attaching to the Common Stock
Voting Rights
Each stockholder entitled to vote at any meeting of stockholders shall be entitled to one vote for each share of Common Stock held by such stockholder which has voting power upon the matter in question. In all matters other than the election of directors, the affirmative vote of a majority of the voting power of the shares of common stock present in person or represented by proxy at the meeting and entitled to vote on the subject matter shall be the act of the stockholders. Except as otherwise required by law, the Certificate of Incorporation or the Bylaws, directors shall be elected by a plurality of the voting power of the shares present in person or represented by proxy at the meeting and entitled to vote on the election of directors.
Dividend Rights
The holders of Common Stock are entitled to receive dividends, if any, as may be declared from time to time by our Board out of legally available funds.
Rights upon Liquidation
In the event of liquidation, dissolution or winding up, holders of Common Stock will be entitled to share ratably in the net assets legally available for distribution to stockholders after the payment of all of the Company's debts and other liabilities.
Other Rights
No holders of Common Stock will be entitled to pre-emptive, conversion, or subscription rights contained in the Certificate of Incorporation or Bylaws. There are no redemption or sinking fund provisions applicable to the Common Stock.
Stockholder Meetings
The Company's Bylaws provide that:
Fully Paid and Non-assessable
All outstanding shares of Common Stock are, and the Common Stock to be outstanding upon completion of this Offering will be duly authorized, validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable.
Resale Restrictions
The Common Stock will be transferable following the termination of any transfer hold periods under applicable law. Purchasers under this Offering should consult with their own professional advisers with respect to restrictions on the transferability of the securities offered hereunder.
Warrants
As of the date of this Offering Circular, the Company had issued 18,150,000 Warrants outstanding, each of which is exercisable to acquire one (1) Warrant Share at a price of $0.33 per Warrant Share for a period of four (4) years following the Vesting Date.
Convertible Debentures
As of the date of this Offering Circular, the Company had Debentures in the principal amount of $7,089,400 outstanding, not including accrued interest, which as of March 31, 2025 the principal and interest amounted to $7,469,825. The Debentures were issued in six separate tranches, being a first tranche of $4,413,400 closed on February 24, 2023, a second tranche of $804,100 closed on July 14, 2023, a third tranche of $448,000 closed on September 15, 2023, a fourth tranche of $680,500 closed on December 28, 2023, a fifth tranche of $501,400 closed on May 17, 2024, and a sixth tranche of $242,000 closed on August 15, 2024. The Debentures bear interest at five percent (5%) per annum until February 24, 2025, and thereafter bear interest at eight percent (8%) per annum and secured by the assets of the Company pursuant to the Security Agreement. The Debentures are due twenty-four (24) months following the issuance of the first tranche, being February 24, 2025, however, on December 19, 2024, the Debentureholders adopted the Debenture Amendment Resolution to approve certain amendments, which included extending the maturity date from February 24, 2025 to December 31, 2025 (the “Maturity Date”). The Debentures are governed by the Indenture, as amended pursuant to a First Supplemental Convertible Debenture Indenture entered into between the Company and Computershare, dated December 19, 2024, as a result of the Debenture Amendment Resolution. The Indenture provides that in the event of a Public Listing, the principal amount of the Debentures plus any accrued and unpaid interest thereon will automatically convert into Common Stock at a conversion price equal to the lessor of (i) a 40% discount to the price per security of the Company’s initial public offering in the event of a Public Listing, and (ii) $4.00, and such Common Stock issued will be subject to a six (6) month hold period from the completion of the Public Listing, or such other length of time as may be determined by the Company at the time of the Public Listing.
The Company intends to apply to have its Common Stock listed on NYSE American following completion of this Offering, which would constitute a Public Listing under the Indenture. However, as of the date of this Circular, the Company has not made an application to have its Common Stock listed on NYSE American and does not otherwise have any agreement to complete a Public Listing, and there is no assurance that it will do so. Further, if such application is made, there is no assurance that it will be approved or that the Common Stock will be listed on NYSE American or another national securities exchange on or before the Maturity Date, or at all. The Company may seek the approval of the holders of the Debentures to extend that Maturity Date, but there is no assurance the holders of the Debentures will approve any such extension. If the Company has not completed a Public Listing by the Maturity Date and if the Maturity Date is not extended, the Company will be required to repay the outstanding principal amount of the Debentures plus accrued interest on the Maturity Date. See "Capitalization."
Amended and Restated 2023 Stock Incentive Plan
On October 27, 2023, the Board authorized, confirmed and approved the adoption of a new stock incentive plan, being the Company's "2023 Stock Incentive Plan", under which up to 4,000,000 shares of Common Stock may be issued pursuant to awards that may be granted under the 2023 Stock Incentive Plan. On August 12, 2025, the Board authorized, confirmed and approved amendments to the 2023 Stock Incentive Plan, to among other things, mainly increase the number of shares of Common Stock that may be issued pursuant to awards that may be granted to 4,700,000 shares of Common Stock (the "Amended and Restated 2023 Stock Incentive Plan"). The Amended and Restated 2023 Stock Incentive Plan is administered by the Board, the Company's compensation committee, or any other committee appointed by the Board to administer the Amended and Restated 2023 Stock Incentive Plan, whom shall determine, among other things: (i) the persons to be granted awards under the Amended and Restated 2023 Stock Incentive Plan; (ii) the number of shares of Common Stock or amount of other awards to be granted; and (iii) the terms and conditions of the awards granted. The Company may issue stock options, stock appreciation rights ("SARs"), restricted stock, unrestricted stock, restricted stock units, deferred stock units or other right or benefit under the Amended and Restated 2023 Stock Incentive Plan. As indicated above, an aggregate of 4,700,000 shares of Common Stock may be issued pursuant to the grant of awards under the Amended and Restated 2023 Stock Incentive Plan.
An award may not be exercised after the termination date of the award and may be exercised following the termination of an eligible participant's continuous service only to the extent provided by the administrator under the Amended and Restated 2023 Stock Incentive Plan. If the administrator under the Amended and Restated 2023 Stock Incentive Plan permits a participant to exercise an award following the termination of continuous service for a specified period, the award terminates to the extent not exercised on the last day of the specified period or the last day of the original term of the award, whichever occurs first. In the event an eligible participant's service has been terminated for "cause", they shall immediately forfeit all rights to any of the awards outstanding.
The Amended and Restated 2023 Stock Incentive Plan includes the following best practice provisions to reinforce the alignment between stockholders' interests and equity compensation arrangements. These provisions include, but are not limited to:
No discounted awards: the exercise price of an award must not be lower than 100% of the fair market value of the Common Stock on the stock exchange or system on which the shares are traded or quoted at the time the award is granted;
No buyout without stockholder approval: outstanding options or SARs may not be bought out or surrendered in exchange for cash unless stockholder approval is received;
No repricing without stockholder approval: the Company may not, without stockholder approval, reprice an award by reducing the exercise price of a stock option or exchanging a stock option for cash, other awards or a new stock option with a reduced exercise price;
No accelerated vesting of outstanding unvested awards and double-trigger change of control requirements: no acceleration of any unvested awards shall occur except in the case of the death or disability of the grantee or upon a change of control. In this respect the Amended and Restated 2023 Stock Incentive Plan requires a "double-trigger" - both a change of control and a qualifying termination of continuing services - to accelerate the vesting of awards. In connection with a change in control, time-based awards shall only be accelerated if the awards are not assumed or converted following the change in control and performance based awards shall only be accelerated: (i) to the extent of actual achievement of the performance conditions; or (ii) on a prorated basis for time elapsed in ongoing performance period(s) based on target or actual level achievement. In connection with vesting of outstanding awards following a qualifying termination after a change in control (i.e., double-trigger vesting), the same conditions set forth in the preceding sentence will apply;
No dividends for unvested awards: holders of any awards which have not yet vested are not entitled to receive dividends, however, dividends may be accrued and paid upon the vesting of such awards;
No liberal share recycling: Common Stock issued under the Amended and Restated 2023 Stock Incentive Plan pursuant to an award, or Common Stock retained by or delivered to the Company to pay either the exercise price of an outstanding stock option or the withholding taxes in connection with the vesting of incentive stock awards or SARs, and Common Stock purchased by the Company in the open market using the proceeds of option exercises, do not become available for issuance as future awards under the Amended and Restated 2023 Stock Incentive Plan;
Transferability: the awards granted under the Amended and Restated 2023 Stock Incentive Plan generally may not be sold, transferred, pledged, assigned or otherwise alienated or hypothecated, other than by will, by the laws of descent and distribution to a grantee's spouse, former spouse or dependent pursuant to a court-approved domestic relations order which relates to the provision of child support, alimony payments or marital property rights
No automatic grants: the Amended and Restated 2023 Stock Incentive Plan does not provide for automatic grants to any eligible participant; and
No evergreen provision: the Amended and Restated 2023 Stock Incentive Plan does not provide for an "evergreen" feature pursuant to which the Common Stock authorized for issuance under the Amended and Restated 2023 Stock Incentive Plan can be automatically replenished.
The foregoing summary of the Amended and Restated 2023 Stock Incentive Plan is not complete and is qualified in its entirety by reference to the Amended and Restated 2023 Stock Incentive Plan; a copy of which is filed as Exhibit 6.20 to this Offering Circular.
As of the date of this Offering Circular, the Company has 2,200,000 Options outstanding and 2,285,000 RSUs outstanding.
Exclusive Forum
Other than as provided for in the Subscription Agreement, our Certificate of Incorporation provides that unless the Company consents in writing to the selection of an alternative forum, the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware shall be the sole and exclusive forum for (i) any derivative action or proceeding brought on behalf of the Company, (ii) any action asserting a claim for breach of a fiduciary duty owed by any director, officer, employee or agent of the Company to the Company or the Company's stockholders, (iii) any action asserting a claim arising pursuant to any provision of the Delaware General Corporation Law, the Certificate of Incorporation or the bylaws or (iv) any action asserting a claim governed by the internal affairs doctrine, in each case subject to said Court of Chancery having personal jurisdiction over the indispensable parties named as defendants therein. However, the exclusive forum provision would not apply to suits brought to enforce any liability or duty created by the Securities Act or the Exchange Act or any other claim for which the federal courts have exclusive jurisdiction. To the extent that any such claims may be based upon federal law claims, Section 27 of the Exchange Act creates exclusive federal jurisdiction over all suits brought to enforce any duty or liability created by the Exchange Act or the rules and regulations thereunder. Furthermore, Section 22 of the Securities Act creates concurrent jurisdiction for federal and state courts over all suits brought to enforce any duty or liability created by the Securities Act or the rules and regulations thereunder. Any person or entity purchasing or otherwise acquiring any interest in shares of our Common Stock is deemed to have received notice of and consented to the foregoing provisions.
Penny Stock Regulation
The SEC has adopted regulations which generally define "penny stock" to be any equity security that has a market price of less than $5.00 per share or an exercise price of less than $5.00 per share. Such securities are subject to rules that impose additional sales practice requirements on broker-dealers who sell them. For transactions covered by these rules, the broker-dealer must make a special suitability determination for the purchaser of such securities and have received the purchaser's written consent to the transaction prior to the purchase. Additionally, for any transaction involving a penny stock, unless exempt, the rules require the delivery, prior to the transaction, of a disclosure schedule prepared by the SEC relating to the penny stock market. The broker-dealer also must disclose the commissions payable to both the broker-dealer and the registered representative, current quotations for the securities and, if the broker-dealer is the sole market-maker, the broker-dealer must disclose this fact and the broker-dealer's presumed control over the market. Finally, among other requirements, monthly statements must be sent disclosing recent price information for the penny stock held in the account and information on the limited market in penny stocks. As our Common Stock immediately following this Offering may be subject to such penny stock rules, purchasers in this Offering will in all likelihood find it more difficult to sell their Common Stock in the secondary market.
Absence of Public Market
The Company is currently an alternative reporting company under Regulation A, Tier 2 of the Securities Act. There is no public trading market for the Common Stock of the Company. The Company currently expects, as an alternative reporting company, to qualify its Common Stock for quotation or listing on the NYSE American or other secondary market for which the Company's Common Stock may then qualify in the discretion of the Board. (See "Risk Factors" starting on page 10) and prior to being listed on the NYSE American or other secondary market, the Company plans to become registered under Section 12(b) of the Exchange Act and become subject to the reporting obligations under Section 13 of the Exchange Act.
CERTAIN MATERIAL U.S. FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSEQUENCES
The following discussion is a summary of certain material U.S. federal income tax consequences of the purchase, ownership, and disposition of our Common Stock issued pursuant to this offering, but does not purport to be a complete analysis of all potential tax effects. The effects of other U.S. federal tax laws, such as estate and gift tax laws, and any applicable state, local, or non-U.S. tax laws are not discussed. This discussion is based on the U.S. Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the "Code"), Treasury Regulations promulgated thereunder, judicial decisions, and published rulings and administrative pronouncements of the U.S. Internal Revenue Service (the "IRS"), in each case in effect as of the date hereof. These authorities may change or be subject to differing interpretations. Any such change or differing interpretation may be applied retroactively in a manner that could adversely affect any beneficial owner of our Common Stock. We have not sought and will not seek any rulings from the IRS regarding the matters discussed below. There can be no assurance the IRS or a court will not take a contrary position to that discussed below regarding the tax consequences of the purchase, ownership, and disposition of our Common Stock.
This discussion is limited to holders that hold our Common Stock as a "capital asset" within the meaning of Section 1221 of the Code (generally, property held for investment). This discussion does not address all U.S. federal income tax consequences relevant to a holder's particular circumstances, including the impact of the Medicare contribution tax on net investment income and the alternative minimum tax. In addition, it does not address consequences relevant to holders subject to special rules, including, without limitation:
• U.S. expatriates and former citizens or long-term residents of the United States;
• persons holding our Common Stock as part of a hedge, straddle, or other risk reduction strategy or as part of a conversion transaction or other integrated investment;
• banks, insurance companies, and other financial institutions;
• brokers, dealers, or traders in securities;
• "controlled foreign corporations," "passive foreign investment companies," and corporations that accumulate earnings to avoid U.S. federal income tax;
• partnerships or other entities or arrangements treated as partnerships for U.S. federal income tax purposes (and investors therein);
• tax-exempt organizations or governmental organizations;
• persons deemed to sell our Common Stock under the constructive sale provisions of the Code;
• persons who hold or receive our Common Stock pursuant to the exercise of any employee stock option or otherwise as compensation;
• tax-qualified retirement plans; and
• "qualified foreign pension funds" as defined in Section 897(l)(2) of the Code and entities all of the interests of which are held by qualified foreign pension funds.
If an entity or arrangement treated as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes holds our Common Stock, the tax treatment of a partner in the partnership will depend on the status of the partner, the activities of the partnership, and certain determinations made at the partner level. Accordingly, partnerships holding our Common Stock and the partners in such partnerships should consult their tax advisors regarding the U.S. federal income tax consequences to them.
THIS DISCUSSION IS FOR INFORMATIONAL PURPOSES ONLY AND IS NOT TAX ADVICE. INVESTORS SHOULD CONSULT THEIR TAX ADVISORS WITH RESPECT TO THE APPLICATION OF THE U.S. FEDERAL INCOME TAX LAWS TO THEIR PARTICULAR SITUATIONS AS WELL AS ANY TAX CONSEQUENCES OF THE PURCHASE, OWNERSHIP, AND DISPOSITION OF OUR COMMON STOCK ARISING UNDER THE U.S. FEDERAL ESTATE OR GIFT TAX LAWS OR UNDER THE LAWS OF ANY STATE, LOCAL, OR NON-U.S. TAXING JURISDICTION OR UNDER ANY APPLICABLE INCOME TAX TREATY.
Definition of a U.S. Holder and a Non-U.S. Holder
For purposes of this discussion, a "U.S. Holder" is any beneficial owner of our Common Stock that is any person that, for U.S. federal income tax purposes, is or is treated as any of the following:
• an individual who is a citizen or resident of the United States;
• a corporation created or organized under the laws of the United States, any state thereof, or the District of Columbia;
• an estate, the income of which is subject to U.S. federal income tax regardless of its source; or
• a trust that (1) is subject to the primary supervision of a U.S. court and all substantial decisions of which are subject to the control of one or more "United States persons" (within the meaning of Section 7701(a)(30) of the Code), or (2) has a valid election in effect to be treated as a United States person for U.S. federal income tax purposes.
A "Non-U.S. Holder" is any beneficial owner of our Common Stock that is not a U.S. Holder or an entity or arrangement treated as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes.
Consequences to U.S. Holders
Distributions
As described in the section entitled "Dividend Policy," we do not anticipate declaring or paying dividends to holders of our Common Stock in the foreseeable future. However, if we do make distributions of cash or property on our Common Stock, such distributions will constitute dividends for U.S. federal income tax purposes to the extent paid from our current or accumulated earnings and profits, as determined under U.S. federal income tax principles. Subject to customary conditions and limitations, dividends may be eligible for a dividends-received deduction in the case of U.S. Holders that are (or are treated for U.S. federal income tax purposes) as corporations. Dividends that exceed certain thresholds in relation to a corporate U.S. Holder's tax basis in the stock could be characterized as an "extraordinary dividend" (as defined in Section 1059 of the Code) subject to special rules. Corporate U.S. Holders are urged to consult with their tax advisors with respect to the eligibility for and the amount of any dividends-received deduction and the application of Section 1059 of the Code to any dividends on our Common Stock. Dividends paid to non-corporate U.S. Holders generally will qualify for taxation at preferential rates if such U.S. Holders meet certain holding period and other applicable requirements.
Amounts not treated as dividends for U.S. federal income tax purposes will constitute a return of capital and first be applied against and reduce a U.S. Holder's adjusted tax basis in its Common Stock, but not below zero. Any excess will be treated as capital gain and will be treated as described below under "-Consequences to U.S. Holders-Sale or Other Taxable Disposition."
Sale or Other Taxable Disposition
Upon the sale or other taxable disposition of our Common Stock, a U.S. Holder generally will recognize capital gain or loss equal to the difference between the amount realized by the U.S. Holder and the U.S. Holder's adjusted tax basis in our Common Stock. Such capital gain or loss will be long-term capital gain or loss if the U.S. Holder's holding period for its Common Stock is longer than one year. Non-corporate U.S. Holders may be eligible for preferential tax rates on long-term capital gains. The deductibility of capital losses is subject to limitations.
Information Reporting and Backup Withholding
Payments of dividends on our Common Stock will not be subject to backup withholding, provided the U.S. Holder either certifies its non-U.S. status, such as by furnishing a valid IRS Form W-9 or otherwise establishes an exemption. However, information returns are required to be filed with the IRS in connection with any distributions on our Common Stock paid to the U.S. Holder, regardless of whether such distributions constitute dividends or whether any tax was actually withheld. In addition, proceeds from the sale or other taxable disposition of our Common Stock within the United States or conducted through certain U.S.-related brokers generally will not be subject to backup withholding or information reporting if the applicable withholding agent receives the certification described above or the U.S. Holder otherwise establishes an exemption.
Backup withholding is not an additional tax. Any amounts withheld under the backup withholding rules may be allowed as a refund or a credit against a U.S. Holder's U.S. federal income tax liability, provided the required information is timely furnished to the IRS.
Consequences to Non-U.S. Holders
Distributions
As described in the section entitled "Dividend Policy," we do not anticipate declaring or paying dividends to holders of our Common Stock in the foreseeable future. However, if we do make distributions of cash or property on our Common Stock, such distributions will constitute dividends for U.S. federal income tax purposes to the extent paid from our current or accumulated earnings and profits, as determined under U.S. federal income tax principles. Amounts not treated as dividends for U.S. federal income tax purposes will constitute a return of capital and first be applied against and reduce a Non-U.S. Holder's adjusted tax basis in its Common Stock, but not below zero. Any excess will be treated as capital gain and will be treated as described below under "-Consequences to Non-U.S. Holders-Sale or Other Taxable Disposition."
Subject to the discussion below on effectively connected income, dividends paid to a Non-U.S. Holder will be subject to U.S. federal withholding tax at a rate of 30% of the gross amount of the dividends (or such lower rate specified by an applicable income tax treaty, provided the Non-U.S. Holder furnishes a valid IRS Form W-8BEN or W-8BEN-E (or other applicable documentation) certifying qualification for the lower treaty rate). A Non-U.S. Holder that does not timely furnish the required documentation, but that qualifies for a reduced treaty rate, may obtain a refund of any excess amounts withheld by timely filing an appropriate claim for refund with the IRS. Non-U.S. Holders should consult their tax advisors regarding their entitlement to benefits under any applicable income tax treaty.
If dividends paid to a Non-U.S. Holder are effectively connected with the Non-U.S. Holder's conduct of a trade or business within the United States (and, if required by an applicable income tax treaty, the Non-U.S. Holder maintains a permanent establishment in the United States to which such dividends are attributable), the Non-U.S. Holder will be exempt from the U.S. federal withholding tax described above. To claim the exemption, the Non-U.S. Holder must furnish to the applicable withholding agent a valid IRS Form W-8ECI, certifying that the dividends are effectively connected with the Non-U.S. Holder's conduct of a trade or business within the United States.
Any such effectively connected dividends will be subject to U.S. federal income tax on a net income basis at the regular rates. A Non-U.S. Holder that is a corporation also may be subject to a branch profits tax at a rate of 30% (or such lower rate specified by an applicable income tax treaty) on such effectively connected dividends, as adjusted for certain items. Non-U.S. Holders should consult their tax advisors regarding any applicable tax treaties that may provide for different rules.
Sale or Other Taxable Disposition
A Non-U.S. Holder will not be subject to U.S. federal income tax on any gain realized upon the sale or other taxable disposition of our Common Stock unless:
• the gain is effectively connected with the Non-U.S. Holder's conduct of a trade or business within the United States (and, if required by an applicable income tax treaty, the Non-U.S. Holder maintains a permanent establishment in the United States to which such gain is attributable);
• the Non-U.S. Holder is a nonresident alien individual present in the United States for 183 days or more during the taxable year of the disposition and certain other requirements are met; or
• our Common Stock constitutes a U.S. real property interest ("USRPI") by reason of our status as a U.S. real property holding corporation ("USRPHC") for U.S. federal income tax purposes.
Gain described in the first bullet point above generally will be subject to U.S. federal income tax on a net income basis at the regular rates applicable to U.S. persons. A Non-U.S. Holder that is a corporation also may be subject to a branch profits tax at a rate of 30% (or such lower rate specified by an applicable income tax treaty) on such effectively connected gain, as adjusted for certain items.
A Non-U.S. Holder described in the second bullet point above will be subject to U.S. federal income tax at a rate of 30% (or such lower rate specified by an applicable income tax treaty) on gain realized upon the sale or other taxable disposition of our Common Stock, which may be offset by U.S. source capital losses of the Non-U.S. Holder (even though the individual is not considered a resident of the United States), provided the Non-U.S. Holder has timely filed U.S. federal income tax returns with respect to such losses.
With respect to the third bullet point above, we believe we currently are not, and do not anticipate becoming, a USRPHC. Because the determination of whether we are a USRPHC depends, however, on the fair market value of our USRPIs relative to the fair market value of our non-U.S. real property interests and our other business assets, there can be no assurance we currently are not a USRPHC or will not become one in the future. Even if we are or were to become a USRPHC, gain arising from the sale or other taxable disposition of our Common Stock by a Non-U.S. Holder will not be subject to U.S. federal income tax if our Common Stock is "regularly traded," as defined by applicable Treasury Regulations, on an established securities market and such Non-U.S. Holder owned, actually and constructively, 5% or less of our Common Stock throughout the shorter of the five-year period ending on the date of the sale or other taxable disposition or the Non-U.S. Holder's holding period.
Non-U.S. Holders should consult their tax advisors regarding any applicable income tax treaties that may provide for different rules.
Information Reporting and Backup Withholding
Payments of dividends on our Common Stock will not be subject to backup withholding, provided the Non-U.S. Holder either certifies its non-U.S. status, such as by furnishing a valid IRS Form W-8BEN, W-8BEN-E, or W-8ECI, or otherwise establishes an exemption. However, information returns are required to be filed with the IRS in connection with any distributions on our Common Stock paid to the Non-U.S. Holder, regardless of whether such distributions constitute dividends or whether any tax was actually withheld. In addition, proceeds from the sale or other taxable disposition of our Common Stock within the United States or conducted through certain U.S.-related brokers generally will not be subject to backup withholding or information reporting if the applicable withholding agent receives the certification described above or the Non-U.S. Holder otherwise establishes an exemption. Proceeds of a disposition of our Common Stock conducted through a non-U.S. office of a non-U.S. broker that does not have certain enumerated relationships with the United States generally will not be subject to backup withholding or information reporting.
Copies of information returns that are filed with the IRS may also be made available under the provisions of an applicable treaty or agreement to the tax authorities of the country in which the Non-U.S. Holder resides or is established.
Backup withholding is not an additional tax. Any amounts withheld under the backup withholding rules may be allowed as a refund or a credit against a Non-U.S. Holder's U.S. federal income tax liability, provided the required information is timely furnished to the IRS.
Additional Withholding Tax on Payments Made to Foreign Accounts
Withholding taxes may be imposed under Sections 1471 to 1474 of the Code (such Sections commonly referred to as the Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act, or "FATCA") on certain types of payments made to non-U.S. financial institutions and certain other non-U.S. entities. Specifically, a 30% withholding tax may be imposed on dividends on, or (subject to the proposed Treasury Regulations discussed below) gross proceeds from the sale or other disposition of, our Common Stock paid to a "foreign financial institution" or a "non-financial foreign entity" (each as defined in the Code), unless (1) the foreign financial institution undertakes certain diligence and reporting obligations, (2) the non-financial foreign entity either certifies it does not have any "substantial United States owners" (as defined in the Code) or furnishes identifying information regarding each substantial United States owner, or (3) the foreign financial institution or non-financial foreign entity otherwise qualifies for an exemption from these rules. If the payee is a foreign financial institution and is subject to the diligence and reporting requirements in (1) above, it must enter into an agreement with the U.S. Department of the Treasury requiring, among other things, that it undertake to identify accounts held by certain "specified United States persons" or "United States owned foreign entities" (each as defined in the Code), annually report certain information about such accounts, and withhold 30% on certain payments to non-compliant foreign financial institutions and certain other account holders. Foreign financial institutions located in jurisdictions that have an intergovernmental agreement with the United States governing FATCA may be subject to different rules.
Under the applicable Treasury Regulations and administrative guidance, withholding under FATCA generally applies to payments of dividends on our Common Stock. While withholding under FATCA would have applied also to payments of gross proceeds from the sale or other disposition of stock beginning on or after January 1, 2019, proposed Treasury Regulations eliminate FATCA withholding on payments of gross proceeds entirely. Taxpayers generally may rely on these proposed Treasury Regulations until final Treasury Regulations are issued.
Prospective investors should consult their tax advisors regarding the potential application of withholding under FATCA to their investment in our Common Stock.
DISCLOSURE OF COMMISSION POSITION ON INDEMNIFICATION FOR SECURITIES LIABILITIES
Our Certificate of Incorporation, as amended, and our Bylaws, subject to the provisions of Delaware law, contain provisions that allow the Company to indemnify any person against liabilities and other expenses incurred as the result of defending or administering any pending or anticipated legal issue in connection with service to us if it is determined that person acted in good faith and in a manner which he reasonably believed was in the best interest of the Company. We have also entered into indemnification agreements with each of our executive officers and directors that provide our executive officers and directors with contractual rights to indemnification, and expense advancement and reimbursement, to the fullest extent permitted under the laws of the State of Delaware in effect from time to time, subject to certain exceptions contained in those agreements. Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act may be permitted to our director and officers, we have been advised that in the opinion of the Commission such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and is, therefore, unenforceable.
LEGAL MATTERS
The validity of the shares of Common Stock covered by this Offering Circular and certain other legal matters as to Delaware law will be passed upon by Richards, Layton & Finger, P.A., of Wilmington, Delaware.
EXPERTS
Our audited financial statements as of December 31, 2024 and 2023 and for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 included in this Offering Circular have been audited by Adeptus Partners, LLC, independent registered public accounting firm as set forth in its report, which report contains an explanatory paragraph about the existence of substantial doubt concerning the Company's ability to continue as a going concern, and included in reliance upon the report of such firm given upon their authority as experts in accounting and auditing.
WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION
We have filed with the SEC a Regulation A Offering Statement on Form 1-A under the Securities Act with respect to the shares of Common Stock offered hereby. This Offering Circular, which constitutes a part of the Offering Statement, does not contain all of the information set forth in the Offering Statement or the exhibits and schedules filed therewith. For further information about us and the shares of Common Stock offered hereby, we refer you to the Offering Statement and the exhibits and schedules filed with the Offering Statement. Statements contained in this Offering Circular regarding the contents of any contract or other document that is filed as an exhibit to the Offering Statement are not necessarily complete, and each such statement is qualified in all respects by reference to the full text of such contract or other document filed as an exhibit to the Offering Statement. You can read our SEC filings, including the Offering Statement, at the SEC's website which contains reports, proxy and information statements and other information about issuers, like us, that file electronically with the SEC. The address of the website is www.sec.gov.
Upon the consummation of this Offering, assuming that we have filed a Form 8-A, we will be required to file periodic reports, proxy statements, and other information with the SEC pursuant to the Exchange Act. These periodic reports, proxy and other information will be available for inspection at the website of the SEC referred to above. You may access these materials free of charge as soon as reasonably practicable after they are filed electronically with, or furnished to, the SEC. We also maintain a website at https://starfightersspace.com. The inclusion of our website address in this Offering Circular is an inactive textual reference only. The information contained on, or that can be accessed through, our website is not incorporated by reference into, and is not a part of, this Offering Circular or the Offering Statement of which this Offering Circular forms a part. Investors should not rely on any such information in deciding whether to purchase the Shares.
The Offering Statement is also available on our website at https://starfightersspace.com. After the completion of this Offering, you may access these materials at the foregoing website free of charge as soon as reasonably practicable after they are electronically filed with, or furnished to, the SEC. Information contained on the website is not a part of this Offering Circular and the inclusion of the website address in this Offering Circular is an inactive textual reference only.
We may supplement the information in this Offering Circular by filing a supplement with the SEC. You should read all the available information before investing.
PART F/S
INDEX TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
STARFIGHTERS SPACE, INC.
Consolidated Financial Statements
for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023
Condensed Consolidated Interim Financial Statements
for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024
(Unaudited)
Pro Forma Condensed Interim Consolidated Financial Statements
for the three months ended March 31, 2025
(Unaudited)
STARFIGHTERS SPACE, INC.
CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2024 AND 2023
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REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM To the Board of Directors and Stockholders of Starfighters Space, Inc. /s/ Adeptus Partners, LLC |
STARFIGHTERS SPACE, INC.
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
| December 31, 2024 | December 31, 2023 | |||||
| Assets | ||||||
| Current assets | ||||||
| Cash | $ | 7,050,610 | $ | 1,694,109 | ||
| Restricted cash | 50,089 | - | ||||
| Short-term investments | 1,006,517 | 288,110 | ||||
| Due from related party | 4,074 | 4,074 | ||||
| Prepaid expenses | 134,572 | 154,440 | ||||
| Deferred financing charges | 105,703 | - | ||||
| Other receivable | 1,064 | - | ||||
| Total current assets | 8,352,629 | 2,140,733 | ||||
| Right of use assets - operating lease, net | 242,332 | 319,715 | ||||
| Property, plant, and equipment, net | 82,622 | 18,412 | ||||
| Long-term deposits | 1,623,003 | 1,152,532 | ||||
| Total assets | $ | 10,300,586 | $ | 3,631,392 | ||
| Liabilities and Stockholders' Deficit | ||||||
| Current liabilities | ||||||
| Accounts payable and accrued liabilities | $ | 731,756 | $ | 476,562 | ||
| Deferred income | 344,800 | 397,000 | ||||
| Derivative liability | 4,535,469 | - | ||||
| Lease liability | 91,767 | 75,801 | ||||
| Interest payable | 13,938 | 59,929 | ||||
| Convertible debentures, net | 7,244,961 | - | ||||
| Note payable | 1,436,001 | 135,532 | ||||
| Related party notes payable | 1,630,200 | 1,675,200 | ||||
| Total current liabilities | 16,028,892 | 2,820,024 | ||||
| Note payable | - | 1,300,469 | ||||
| Convertible debentures, net | - | 4,776,407 | ||||
| Derivative liability | - | 2,416,863 | ||||
| Lease liability - non-current | 162,150 | 253,917 | ||||
| Total liabilities | $ | 16,191,042 | $ | 11,567,680 | ||
| Commitments and contingencies - see Note 11 | ||||||
| Stockholders' Deficit | ||||||
| Common stock, $0.00001 par value, 200,000,000 shares authorized; 19,176,910 issued and outstanding as of December 31, 2024 (16,720,200 as of December 31, 2023) | 192 | 167 | ||||
| Common stock subscribed | 1,870,643 | - | ||||
| Additional paid-in-capital | 9,125,524 | 1,041,583 | ||||
| Accumulated deficit | (16,886,815 | ) | (8,978,038 | ) | ||
| Total stockholders' deficit | (5,890,456 | ) | (7,936,288 | ) | ||
| Total liabilities and stockholders' deficit | $ | 10,300,586 | $ | 3,631,392 |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements
STARFIGHTERS SPACE, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
| Year ended December 31, |
||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | |||||
| Operating expenses | ||||||
| Advertising and promotion | $ | 183,790 | $ | 304,543 | ||
| Bank and interest charges | 5,607 | 913 | ||||
| Business development | 360,000 | 360,000 | ||||
| Consulting fees | 998,364 | 907,215 | ||||
| Contract labor and fuel | 403,800 | 494,675 | ||||
| Custom fees | - | 6,416 | ||||
| Depreciation | 15,319 | 12,276 | ||||
| Directors fees | 164,000 | 168,000 | ||||
| Insurance | 87,372 | 83,630 | ||||
| Licenses | 620 | 501 | ||||
| Management fees | 232,000 | 232,000 | ||||
| Office and administrative | 166,196 | 137,178 | ||||
| Listing fees | 292,293 | - | ||||
| Professional fees | 786,338 | 462,989 | ||||
| Rent expense | 294,611 | 210,893 | ||||
| Repairs and maintenance | 44,504 | 102,714 | ||||
| Travel and entertainment | 231,207 | 598,833 | ||||
| Vehicle | 35,062 | 3,295 | ||||
| Total operating expenses | (4,301,083 | ) | (4,086,071 | ) | ||
| Other income (expense) | ||||||
| Amortization of debt discount | (1,777,505 | ) | (656,524 | ) | ||
| Change in fair value of derivative liability | (1,642,697 | ) | (64,261 | ) | ||
| Other income | 234,900 | 349,330 | ||||
| Interest expense | (486,669 | ) | (266,098 | ) | ||
| Interest income | 66,323 | 50,419 | ||||
| Exchange loss | (2,046 | ) | (8,378 | ) | ||
| Total other income (expense) | (3,607,694 | ) | (595,512 | ) | ||
| Net loss before taxes | (7,908,777 | ) | (4,681,583 | ) | ||
| Income tax expense (benefit) | - | - | ||||
| Net loss | $ | (7,908,777 | ) | $ | (4,681,583 | ) |
| Weighted average number of shares - Basic and diluted | 17,183,830 | 16,720,000 | ||||
| Net loss per share - Basic and diluted | $ | (0.46 | ) | $ | (0.28 | ) |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements
STARFIGHTERS SPACE, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS' DEFICIT
| Common Stock | ||||||||||||||||||
| Number of Shares |
Amount | Common Stock Subscribed |
Additional Paid-In- Capital |
Deficit | Total Stockholders' Deficit |
|||||||||||||
| Balance, January 1, 2023 | 16,720,200 | $ | 167 | $ | - | $ | 1,010,083 | $ | (4,296,455 | ) | $ | (3,286,205 | ) | |||||
| Issuance of warrants | - | - | - | 31,500 | - | 31,500 | ||||||||||||
| Net loss | - | - | - | - | (4,681,583 | ) | (4,681,583 | ) | ||||||||||
| Balance, December 31, 2023 | 16,720,200 | 167 | $ | - | $ | 1,041,583 | (8,978,038 | ) | (7,936,288 | ) | ||||||||
| Reg A financing | 2,456,710 | 25 | 1,870,643 | 8,819,575 | - | 10,690,243 | ||||||||||||
| Reg A financing share issuance costs | - | - | - | (735,634 | ) | - | (735,634 | ) | ||||||||||
| Net loss | - | - | - | - | (7,908,777 | ) | (7,908,777 | ) | ||||||||||
| Balance, December 31, 2024 | 19,176,910 | $ | 192 | $ | 1,870,643 | $ | 9,125,524 | $ | (16,886,815 | ) | $ | (5,890,456 | ) | |||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements
STARFIGHTERS SPACE, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
| Year ended December 31, | ||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | |||||
| Cash flows from operating activities | ||||||
| Net loss | $ | (7,908,777 | ) | $ | (4,681,583 | ) |
| Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities: | ||||||
| Depreciation | 15,319 | 12,276 | ||||
| Amortization of ROU asset | 77,383 | 66,630 | ||||
| Unrealized gain on investments | (5,474 | ) | (9,834 | ) | ||
| Realized gain on investments | (6,881 | ) | - | |||
| Amortization of debt discount | 1,777,505 | 656,524 | ||||
| Change in fair value of derivative liability | 1,642,697 | 64,261 | ||||
| Changes in operating assets and liabilities: | ||||||
| Accrued interest | 397,517 | 251,739 | ||||
| Other receivable | (1,064 | ) | 90,000 | |||
| Accounts payable and accrued liabilities | 255,194 | 83,806 | ||||
| Due to related party | - | (1,640 | ) | |||
| Deferred income | (52,200 | ) | 312,000 | |||
| Prepaid expenses | 19,868 | (129,501 | ) | |||
| Lease liability | (75,801 | ) | (77,458 | ) | ||
| Net cash used in operating activities | (3,864,714 | ) | (3,362,780 | ) | ||
| Cash flows from investing activities | ||||||
| Additions to long-term deposits | (550,000 | ) | (650,000 | ) | ||
| Purchase of short-term investments | (1,295,252 | ) | (278,276 | ) | ||
| Redemption of short-term investments | 589,200 | - | ||||
| Net cash used in investing activities | (1,256,052 | ) | (928,276 | ) | ||
| Cash flows from financing activities | ||||||
| Repayment of loans | (45,000 | ) | - | |||
| Repayment of related party loans | - | (247,500 | ) | |||
| Proceeds from convertible debentures, net of costs | 723,450 | 3,977,154 | ||||
| Proceeds from exercise of warrants | - | 31,500 | ||||
| Proceeds from Reg A financing, net of costs | 9,954,609 | - | ||||
| Deferred financing costs | (105,703 | ) | - | |||
| Net cash provided by financing activities | 10,527,356 | 3,761,154 | ||||
| Increase (decrease) in cash | 5,406,590 | (529,902 | ) | |||
| Cash and restricted cash, beginning of year | 1,694,109 | 2,224,011 | ||||
| Cash and restricted cash, end of year | $ | 7,100,699 | $ | 1,694,109 | ||
| Cash | $ | 7,050,610 | $ | 1,694,109 | ||
| Restricted Cash | 50,089 | - | ||||
| Total cash and restricted cash, end of year | $ | 7,100,699 | $ | 1,694,109 | ||
| Supplemental cash flow information | ||||||
| Income taxes paid | $ | - | $ | - | ||
| Interest paid | $ | 89,152 | $ | 14,360 | ||
| Supplemental disclosure of non-cash investing and financing activities | ||||||
| Initial derivative liability from issuance of convertible notes | $ | 475,909 | $ | 2,352,602 | ||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements
| STARFIGHTERS SPACE, INC. NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS |
1. NATURE OF OPERATIONS
Starfighters Space Inc. ("SFS" or the "Company") was incorporated on September 6, 2022, under the laws of the State of Delaware. The Company's registered office is held at 850 New Burton Road, Suite 201, Dover, DE 19904. The Company's principal operating facility is located in Cape Canaveral, Florida. The Company operates from the NASA Kennedy Space Center in Florida and has a fleet of seven F104 Fighter jets that are capable of flying MACH 2+. The Company is currently in the process of gaining a launch waiver and license for its first space launch to launch rockets carrying payloads for data testing from their jets into suborbital space. Upon successful suborbital space flight, the Company intends to develop infrastructure for orbital space launch.
Risks and Uncertainties
Disruption of global financial markets and a recession or market correction, including the ongoing military conflicts between Russia and Ukraine and the related sanctions imposed against Russia as well as the conflict between Israel and Hamas, the ongoing effects of the COVID-19 pandemic, the significant tariffs imposed by the United States on imports from other countries and other global macroeconomic factors such as inflation and rising interest rates, could reduce the Company's ability to access capital, which could in the future negatively affect the Company's liquidity and could materially affect the Company's business and the value of its common stock.
2. BASIS OF PRESENTATION
a) Basis of presentation
The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Starfighters Space Inc. and its wholly owned subsidiaries, and are presented using the accrual basis of accounting in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America ("U.S. GAAP"). All intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. References to the "ASC" hereafter refer to the Accounting Standards Codification established by the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") as the source of authoritative U.S. GAAP.
As of December 31, 2024, the Company's subsidiaries were:
|
Name of subsidiary |
Place of incorporation |
Incorporated |
Ownership |
|
Starfighters International Inc. (Florida) |
Florida, the United States |
March 3, 2018 |
100% |
|
Starfighters Inc. |
Florida, the United States |
November 16, 1995 |
100% |
|
Starfighters International Inc. (Texas) |
Texas, the United States |
March 29, 2024 |
100% |
b) Going concern
The consolidated financial statements have been prepared on a going concern basis, which contemplates the realization of assets and the settlement of liabilities and commitments in the normal course of business. During the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company recorded a net loss of $7,908,777 and $4,681,583, respectively. As of December 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the Company had a deficit of $16,886,815 and $8,978,038, respectively.
These factors raise substantial doubt about the Company's ability to continue as a going concern within one year after the date of the consolidated financial statements being issued. The ability of the Company to continue as a going concern is dependent upon the Company's ability to raise additional funds and implement its business plan. The consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments that might be necessary if the Company is unable to continue as a going concern. Such adjustments could be material.
| STARFIGHTERS SPACE, INC. NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS |
2. BASIS OF PRESENTATION (CONTINUED)
As of December 31, 2024, the Company had cash in the amount of $7,050,610. The continuation of the Company as a going concern is dependent upon its ability to obtain necessary debt or equity financing to continue operations until it begins generating positive cash flow. No assurance can be given that any future financing will be available or, if available, that it will be on terms that are satisfactory to the Company. Even if the Company is able to obtain additional financing, it may contain undue restrictions on our operations, in the case of debt financing, or cause substantial dilution for our stockholders, in the case or equity financing.
c) Functional and presentation currencies
The consolidated financial statements of the Company are presented in United States dollars. The functional currency of the Company and its subsidiaries is the United States dollar.
d) Emerging growth company
The Company is an "Emerging Growth Company", as defined in Section 2(a) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "Securities Act"), as modified by the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012 (the "JOBS Act"), and it has taken advantage of certain exemptions that are not applicable to other public companies that are not emerging growth companies including, but not limited to, not being required to comply with the independent registered public accounting firm attestation requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, reduced disclosure obligations regarding executive compensation in its periodic reports and proxy statements, and exemptions from the requirements of holding a nonbinding advisory vote on executive compensation and shareholder approval of any golden parachute payments not previously approved.
Further, Section 102(b) (1) of the JOBS Act exempts emerging growth companies from being required to comply with new or revised financial accounting standards until private companies (that is, those that have not had a Securities Act registration statement declared effective or do not have a class of securities registered under the Exchange Act) are required to comply with the new or revised financial reporting standards. The JOBS Act provides that a company can elect to opt out of the extended transition period and comply with the requirements that apply to non-emerging growth companies but any such election to opt out is irrevocable.
The Company has elected not to opt out of such extended transition period which means that when a standard is issued or revised and it has different application dates for public and private companies, the Company, as an emerging growth company, can adopt the new or revised standard at the time private companies adopt the new or revised standard.
e) Use of estimates
The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires the Company's management to make judgments, estimates and assumptions about future events that the amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements. Actual results may differ from these estimates.
3. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
a) Cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents include cash on hand, deposits held with banks, and when applicable, short-term, highly liquid deposits which are either cashable or with original maturities of less than three months. There are no cash equivalents as of December 31, 2024 or 2023. At times, the Company's cash balance exceeds the federally insured limits. The total uninsured cash and cash equivalents balance as of December 31, 2024 was $6,350,699.
| STARFIGHTERS SPACE, INC. NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS |
3. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED)
b) Restricted cash
Restricted cash are deposits held with banks that are held as collateral for the corporate credit cards of the Company.
c) Short-term investments
The Company's short-term investments are treasury notes and certificates of deposit with original maturities greater than 3 months. All of the treasury notes held by the Company as of December 31, 2023 matured in 2024. The treasury notes had an interest rate of 5.046%. The certificate of deposit held by the Company as of December 31, 2024 matures in 2025. The certificate of deposit has an interest rate of 4.163%. The short-term investments are level 1 investments in the fair value hierarchy. These securities are presented on the consolidated balance sheet at fair value. Earnings from these securities are included in interest income on the consolidated statement of operations. For the year ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company recorded a gain on short-term investments of $12,355 and $0, respectively.
d) Accounts Receivable and Allowance for Credit Losses
Accounts receivable are carried at original invoice amount, less any estimate made for doubtful accounts or credit losses. The allowance for credit losses is the Company's best estimate of the amount of expected credit losses in the Company's existing receivables over the contractual term. We evaluate our exposure to credit loss on both a collective and individual basis. We evaluate such receivables on an individual customer basis and take into account any relevant available information, which begins with historical credit loss experience and consideration of current and expected conditions and market trends (such as general economic conditions, other microeconomic and macroeconomic considerations, etc.) and reasonable and supportable forecasts that could impact the collectability of such receivables over the contractual term individually or in the aggregate. Changes in circumstances relating to these factors may result in the need to increase or decrease our allowance for credit losses in the future. The allowance for credit losses was $0 as of December 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023.
e) Property, plant, and equipment
Property and equipment are stated at cost, net of accumulated depreciation. Depreciation is computed using the double-declining method over the estimated useful lives of the respective assets. Depreciable assets retired or sold are removed from the accounts and any resulting gain or loss is reflected in income for the period. Major replacements or betterments are capitalized while maintenance and repairs are expensed as incurred. The estimated useful lives of the classes of property and equipment are as follows:
| Vehicles | 5 years | |
| Aircraft improvements | 5 years |
f) Long-term deposits
Long-term deposits are comprised entirely of deposits paid in advance for property and equipment, where control of the asset has not yet transferred to the Company.
| STARFIGHTERS SPACE, INC. NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS |
3. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED)
g) Leases
The Company adopted ASC 842, Leases, as amended, on January 1, 2020 ("ASC 842"). The Company elected the package of practical expedients permitted under the transition guidance within the new standard, which among other things, allowed the Company not to separate non-lease components from lease components and instead to account for each separate lease component and the non-lease components associated with that lease component as a single lease.
The Company determines if an arrangement contains a lease at inception as defined by ASC 842. To meet the definition of a lease under ASC 842, the contractual arrangement must convey to the Company the right to control the use of an identifiable asset for a period of time in exchange for consideration. Right of Use ("ROU") assets represent the right to use an underlying asset for the lease term, and lease liabilities represent the obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. ROU assets and liabilities are recognized at the lease commencement date based on the estimated present value of lease payments over the lease term.
h) Impairment of long-lived assets
Long-lived assets or asset groups held and used by the Company are reviewed for possible impairment whenever events or circumstances indicate the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable or is impaired. Circumstances that could trigger a review include, but are not limited to: significant decreases in the market price of the assets; significant adverse changes in the business climate or legal factors; accumulation of costs significantly in excess of the amount originally expected for the acquisition or construction of the assets; current period cash flow or operating losses combined with a history of losses or a forecast of continuing losses associated with the use of the assets; and current expectation that the assets will more likely than not be sold or disposed significantly before the end of their estimated useful life.
When indicators of potential impairment are present the Company prepares a projected undiscounted cash flow analysis for the respective asset or asset group. If the sum of the undiscounted cash flows is less than the carrying value of the asset or asset group, an impairment loss is recognized equal to the excess of the carrying value over the fair value, if any. Fair value can be determined using discounted cash flows of future operating results based upon a rate that corresponds to the cost of capital. Recognized impairment losses are not reversed. There were no impairments noted during the years ended December 31, 2024 or 2023.
i) Financial instruments measurements and fair value of financial instruments
A financial instrument is any contract that gives rise to a financial asset of one entity and a financial liability or equity instrument of another entity.
Financial assets are classified and measured at fair value with subsequent changes in fair value recognized in either profit and loss as they arise unless restrictive criteria are met for classifying and measuring the asset at either amortized cost or FVOCI. Financial liabilities are measured at amortized costs unless they are elected to be or required to be measured at fair value through profit and loss.
Financial assets are derecognized when the rights to receive cash flows from the assets have expired or have been transferred, and the Company has transferred all risks and rewards of ownership. Financial liabilities are derecognized when the obligations specified in the contract are discharged, cancelled, or expire.
| STARFIGHTERS SPACE, INC. NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS |
3. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED)
ASC 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures, establishes a fair value hierarchy for instruments measured at fair value that distinguishes between assumptions based on market data (observable inputs) and the Company's own assumptions (unobservable inputs). Observable inputs are inputs that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability based on market data obtained from sources independent of the Company. Unobservable inputs are inputs that reflect the Company's assumptions about the inputs that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability and are developed based on the best information available in the circumstances.
ASC 820 identifies fair value as the exchange price, or exit price, representing the amount that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants. As a basis for considering market participant assumptions in fair value measurements,
ASC 820 establishes a three-tier fair value hierarchy that distinguishes between the following, based on the nature of the valuation inputs:
Determination of fair value and the resulting hierarchy requires the use of observable market data where available. The classification of an asset or liability in the hierarchy is based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement.
To the extent that the valuation is based on models or inputs that are less observable or unobservable in the market, the determination of fair value requires more judgment. Accordingly, the degree of judgment exercised by the Company in determining fair value is greatest for instruments categorized in Level 3. The Company determined that the derivative liability relating to the embedded conversion feature in the convertible notes is a Level 3 liability. See Note 6 for the significant inputs used and for a roll-forward of the Level 3 liability.
j) Derivative Liabilities
The Company evaluates its financial instruments and other contracts to determine if those contracts or embedded components of those contracts qualify as derivatives to be separately accounted for in accordance with ASC 815. The result of this accounting treatment is that the fair value of the embedded derivative is marked-to-market at each balance sheet date and recorded as a liability and the change in fair value is recorded in the consolidated statements of operations. Upon conversion or exercise of a derivative instrument, the instrument is marked to fair value at the conversion date and then that fair value is reclassified to equity.
The classification of derivative instruments, including whether such instruments should be recorded as liabilities or as equity, is reassessed at the end of each reporting period. Derivative instruments that become subject to reclassification are reclassified at the fair value of the instrument on the reclassification date. Derivative instrument liabilities will be classified in the consolidated balance sheet as current or non-current based on whether or not settlement of the derivative instrument is expected within 12 months of the consolidated balance sheet date.
The Company uses the Monte Carlo simulation model to value derivative liabilities. This model uses Level 3 inputs in the fair value hierarchy established by ASC 820, Fair Value Measurement.
| STARFIGHTERS SPACE, INC. NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS |
3. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED)
k) Income taxes
The Company's tax provision consists of taxes currently payable or receivable, plus any change during the period in deferred tax assets and liabilities. The Company uses the asset and liability method of accounting for income taxes. Under this method, deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of assets and liabilities and their respective tax basis. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settles. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date. In addition, a valuation allowance is established to reduce any deferred tax asset for which it is determined that is it more likely than note that some portion of the deferred tax asset will not be realized.
During the ordinary course of business, there are many transactions and calculations for which the ultimate tax determination is uncertain. Accounting for income taxes requires a two-step approach to recognizing and measuring uncertain tax positions. The first step is to evaluate the tax position for recognition by determining if available evidence indicates it is more likely than not that the tax position will be fully sustained upon review by taxing authorities, including resolution of related appeals or litigation processes, if any. The second step is to measure the tax benefit as the largest amount with a greater than 50 percent likelihood of being realized upon ultimate settlement. For tax positions that are 50 percent or less likely of being sustained upon audit, the Company does not recognize any portion of that benefit in the financial statements. The Company is not aware of any issued under review that could result in significant payments, accruals or a material deviation from its position.
l) Loss per share
Basic earnings (loss) per share ("EPS") is calculated by dividing profit or loss attributable to ordinary equity holders (numerator) by the weighted average number of ordinary shares outstanding (denominator) during the period. The denominator is calculated by adjusting the shares issued at the beginning of the period by the number of shares bought back during the period, multiplied by a time-weighting factor.
Diluted EPS is calculated by adjusting the earnings and number of shares for the effects of dilutive options and other dilutive potential units. The effects of anti-dilutive options and potential units are ignored in calculating diluted EPS. All options and potential units are considered anti-dilutive when the Company is in a loss position.
The Company has the following anti-dilutive securities as of December 31, 2024 and 2023:
| 2024 | 2023 | |||||
| Warrants | 18,174,574 | 18,150,000 |
Due to the terms of the conversion option for the Note Payable (Note 5) and Convertible Debentures (Note 6), the Company cannot predict the anti-dilutive shares for these instruments, and as such, they are excluded from the above table.
m) Other income
The Company earns ancillary income from contracts with customers for pilot training and equipment testing. The income is recognized at a point in time which is upon the completion of the services, which the Company has determined is the completion of a flight. There is no variable consideration for these ancillary services.
| STARFIGHTERS SPACE, INC. NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS |
3. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED)
From time to time, the Company receives consideration in advance of the services being rendered; this is presented as deferred income on the consolidated balance sheet. The Company also extends credit for payments to be received for services provided; this is presented as accounts receivable on the consolidated balance sheet.
The following table summarizes the deferred income activity for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023:
| Balance as of January 1, 2023 | $ | 85,000 | |
| Deferral of income billed during the year | 312,000 | ||
| Balance as of December 31, 2023 | $ | 397,000 | |
| Recognition of income recorded as deferred income as of December 31, 2023 | (157,000 | ) | |
| Deferral of income billed during the year | 104,800 | ||
| Balance as of December 31, 2024 | $ | 344,800 |
n) Advertising Costs
Advertising costs are expensed as incurred. Advertising expense for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, were $183,790 and $304,543 respectively.
o) Subsequent Events
The Company evaluated subsequent events through April 30, 2025, the date in which the consolidated financial statements were issued.
p) Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements
In November 2023, the FASB issued ASU No. 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 280) - Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures ("ASU 2023-07"), which requires an enhanced disclosure of segments on an annual and interim basis, including the title of the chief operating decision maker, significant segment expenses, and the composition of other segment items for each segment's reported profit. The Company adopted ASU 2023-07 as of January 1, 2024, which had no material impact on the Company's consolidated financial statements.
q) Segment Reporting
ASC Topic No. 280, Segment Reporting ("ASC 280"), establishes standards for the way that public business enterprises report information about operating segments in their annual consolidated financial statements and requires that those enterprises report selected information about operating segments in interim financial reports. ASC 280 also establishes standards for related disclosures about products and services, geographic areas, and major customers. The Company's business segments are based on the organization structure used by the chief operating decision maker for making operating and investment decisions and for assessing performance. Our Chief Executive Officer, who is our chief operating decision maker, views the Company's operations and manages its business in one operating segment, which is principally the operations of F104 Fighter jets and development of infrastructure for orbital space launch.
| STARFIGHTERS SPACE, INC. NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS |
4. PROPERTY, PLANT, AND EQUIPMENT
Property, plant, and equipment consist of the following:
| December 31, 2024 |
December 31, 2023 |
|||||
| Vehicles | $ | 51,149 | $ | 51,149 | ||
| Aircraft improvements | 79,529 | - | ||||
| 130,678 | 51,149 | |||||
| Accumulated depreciation | (48,056 | ) | (32,737 | ) | ||
| Net book value | $ | 82,622 | $ | 18,412 |
Depreciation expense for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, was $15,319 and $12,276, respectively.
5. NOTE PAYABLE
On February 16, 2012, the Company secured a loan with Space Florida in the amount of $1,436,001, maturing September 16, 2022. The loan bears interest at 1.00% per annum, no payments are due on the loan for 12 months from the date of first disbursement of the loan and interest-only payments are applicable over the next 114 months. The loan is secured by a DASH-7 aircraft engine with a book value of $0.
On September 16, 2022, the Company and Space Florida amended the agreement to extend the maturity date to November 1, 2033 and to increase the interest rate to 3.00% per annum and 8.00% per annum in the event of default. Additionally, starting December 1, 2023 the Company is to make monthly installments of $13,866.
On November 1, 2024, the Company and Space Florida entered into an amendment to the loan to confirm that the rate of interest is 3%. The parties also agreed that the previous monthly payment schedule is no longer in force, and the final settlement of the note would be through the conversion to shares of the Company upon a public listing event, at the public offering price.
As of December 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the principal balance of $1,436,001 and $1,436,001, respectively, and accrued interest of $13,938 and $59,929, respectively, was outstanding for this loan. Interest expense was $43,161 and $53,108 for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.
6. CONVERTIBLE DEBENTURES
The convertible debentures bear interest at 5.00% per annum, have a maturity date of February 24, 2025, and automatically convert upon the event of an IPO at the lesser of a 40% discount of the price of the IPO and $4.00 per share. Convertible debentures entered into subsequent to the Tranche 1, which closed on February 24, 2023, receive interest from the initial issuance date of February 24, 2023 from Tranche 1.
During the year ended December 31, 2024, the Company closed the secured convertible debenture financing as follows:
| STARFIGHTERS SPACE, INC. NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS |
6. CONVERTIBLE DEBENTURE (CONTINUED)
The convertible debentures were determined to be hybrid financial instruments comprised of a debt host liability and an embedded derivative liability, as under the conversion feature, the number of shares that will or may be issued to settle the debentures may vary. Upon issuance, the fair value of the debt host liability was determined to be $743,400 and the respective embedded derivative liability was valued at $475,909. The derivative liability conversion feature was valued first and the residual was allocated to the debt host liability. The Company uses the Monte Carlo model to determine the fair value of the embedded derivative liability based on a common stock simulation model and future projections of various potential outcomes. The Company incurred $19,950 in transaction costs. The fair value of the initial derivative and the transaction costs incurred were recorded as debt discount and are amortized over the life of the convertible notes using the effective interest method.
During the year ended December 31, 2023, the Company closed the secured convertible debenture financing as follows:
The convertible debentures were determined to be hybrid financial instruments comprised of a debt host liability and an embedded derivative liability, as under the conversion feature the number of shares that will or may be issued to settle the notes may vary. Upon issuance, the fair value of the debt host liability was determined to be $6,346,000 and the respective embedded derivative liability was valued at $2,352,602. The derivative liability conversion feature was valued first and the residual was allocated to the debt host liability. The Company uses the Monte Carlo model to determine the fair value of the embedded derivative liability based on a common stock simulation model and future projections of various potential outcomes. The Company incurred $86,506 in transaction costs. The fair value of the initial derivative and the transaction costs incurred were recorded as debt discount and are amortized over the life of the convertible notes using the effective interest method.
On December 19, 2024, holders of the convertible debentures approved an amendment to the debenture indenture, originally dated as of February 24, 2023, such that the maturity of the convertible debentures is extended from February 24, 2025 to December 31, 2025, and the convertible debentures will bear interest of 5.00% per annum until February 24, 2025, and 8.00% per annum from February 25, 2025 (the "December 2024 amendment"). The Company determined that this amendment should be treated as a debt modification.
Debt discount amortization during the year ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 was $1,777,505 and $656,524, respectively. Unamortized debt discount as of December 31, 2024 and 2023 was $500,937 and $1,782,584, respectively. Interest expense on the convertible notes for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 was $443,508 and $212,991, respectively.
| STARFIGHTERS SPACE, INC. NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS |
6. CONVERTIBLE DEBENTURE (CONTINUED)
A summary of convertible debt as of and for the year ended December 31, 2024, and December 31, 2023 is as follows:
| Tranche 1 | Tranche 2 | Tranche 3 | Tranche 4 | Tranche 5 | Total | |||||||||||||
| As of January 1, 2023 | $ | - | $ | - | $ | - | $ | - | $ | - | $ | - | ||||||
| Issuances | 4,413,400 | 804,100 | 448,000 | 680,500 | - | 6,346,000 | ||||||||||||
| Fair value of conversion feature | (1,482,763 | ) | (321,144 | ) | (208,539 | ) | (340,156 | ) | - | (2,352,602 | ) | |||||||
| Transaction costs | (70,882 | ) | (11,730 | ) | - | (3,885 | ) | - | (86,506 | ) | ||||||||
| Amortization of debt discount | 570,553 | 61,803 | 23,068 | 1,100 | - | 656,524 | ||||||||||||
| Interest | 187,418 | 18,726 | 6,567 | 280 | - | 212,991 | ||||||||||||
| As of December 31, 2023 | $ | 3,617,726 | $ | 551,746 | $ | 269,096 | $ | 337,839 | $ | - | $ | 4,776,407 | ||||||
| Issuances | - | - | - | - | 743,400 | 743,400 | ||||||||||||
| Fair value of conversion feature | - | - | - | - | (475,909 | ) | (475,909 | ) | ||||||||||
| Transaction costs | - | - | - | - | (19,950 | ) | (19,950 | ) | ||||||||||
| Amortization of debt discount | 819,055 | 225,899 | 152,110 | 273,428 | 307,013 | 1,777,505 | ||||||||||||
| Interest | 221,275 | 55,736 | 34,920 | 62,736 | 68,841 | 443,508 | ||||||||||||
| As of December 31, 2024 | $ | 4,658,056 | $ | 833,381 | $ | 456,126 | $ | 674,003 | $ | 623,395 | $ | 7,244,961 |
A roll-forward of the derivative liability, which is categorized at Level 3 on the fair value hierarchy, for the years ended December 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023 is as follows:
| Derivative liabilities | |||
| As of January 1, 2023 | $ | - | |
| Fair value of embedded derivative liability recognized | 2,352,602 | ||
| Change in fair value | 64,261 | ||
| As of December 31, 2023 | $ | 2,416,863 | |
| Fair value of embedded derivative liability recognized | 475,909 | ||
| Change in fair value | 1,642,697 | ||
| As of December 31, 2024 | $ | 4,535,469 |
The key inputs used in the Monte Carlo model for the embedded conversion feature at initial measurement were as follows:
| Tranche 1 | Tranche 2 | Tranche 3 | Tranche 4 | Tranche 5 | |||||||||||
| Risk-free interest rate | 4.67% | 4.90% | 5.11% | 4.69% | 4.44% - 5.01% | ||||||||||
| Expected term (years) | 2.00 | 1.58 | 1.42 | 1.17 | 0.50 - 0.75 | ||||||||||
| Expected volatility | 74.6% | 74.2% | 75.8% | 75.9% | 69.3% - 86.2% | ||||||||||
| Probability of an IPO | 50.00% | 60.00% | 70.00% | 75.00% | 95.00% | ||||||||||
| Stock price | $ | 0.5135 | $ | 0.5477 | $ | 0.5632 | $ | 0.5886 | $ | 2.0627 - 3.245 |
The Company's use of a Monte Carlo simulation model required the use of the subjective assumptions:
| STARFIGHTERS SPACE, INC. NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS |
6. CONVERTIBLE DEBENTURE (CONTINUED)
The key inputs used in the Monte Carlo model for the embedded conversion feature at December 31, 2024 were as follows:
| Tranche 1 | Tranche 2 | Tranche 3 | Tranche 4 | Tranche 5 | |||||||||||
| Risk-free interest rate | 4.16% | 4.16% | 4.16% | 4.16% | 4.16% | ||||||||||
| Expected term (years) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||||||||
| Expected volatility | 74.0% | 74.0% | 74.0% | 74.0% | 74.0% | ||||||||||
| Probability of an IPO | 95.00% | 95.00% | 95.00% | 95.00% | 95.00% | ||||||||||
| Stock price | $ | 3.59 | $ | 3.59 | $ | 3.59 | $ | 3.59 | $ | 3.59 |
The key inputs used in the Monte Carlo model for the embedded conversion feature at December 31, 2023 were as follows:
| Tranche 1 | Tranche 2 | Tranche 3 | Tranche 4 | |||||||||
| Risk-free interest rate | 4.74% | 4.71% | 4.70% | 4.68% | ||||||||
| Expected term (years) | 1.15 | 1.54 | 1.71 | 1.99 | ||||||||
| Expected volatility | 72.0% | 71.8% | 71.8% | 71.7% | ||||||||
| Probability of an IPO | 50.00% | 60.00% | 70.00% | 75.00% | ||||||||
| Stock price | $ | 0.5894 | $ | 0.5894 | $ | 0.5894 | $ | 0.5894 |
7. LEASES
On June 1, 2022, the Company entered into a one-year lease for hangar space. The lease agreement provided for four renewal terms of one year each. Management has determined that the renewals are likely to be utilized and the renewal terms are included in the calculation of the lease liability and right of use asset. In 2022, the Company recognized a right of use operating lease asset in the amount of $421,000 for this lease.
Lease liabilities are measured at the commencement date based on the present value of future lease payments. As the Company's lease did not provide an implicit rate, the Company uses its incremental borrowing rate based on the information available at the commencement date in determining the present value of future payments. The Company used a discount rate of 15.00% in determining its lease liabilities.
The discount is the rate of interest that the Company would have to pay to borrow over a similar term, and with a similar security, the funds necessary to obtain an asset of comparable value to the right-of-use asset in a similar economic environment. The discount rate therefore reflects what the Company "would have to pay", which requires estimation when no observable rates are available or where the applicable rates need to be adjusted to reflect the terms and conditions of the lease. The Company estimates the discount using observable inputs (such as market interest rates) when available and is required to make certain entity-specific estimates. The Company determined its discount rated based on the rate used by comparable public companies.
The following table presents net lease cost and other supplemental lease information:
| December 31, 2024 | December 31, 2023 | |||||
| Lease cost: | ||||||
| Operating lease cost | $ | 121,579 | $ | 121,579 | ||
| Short term lease cost | 113,110 | 35,297 | ||||
| Net lease cost | 234,689 | 156,876 | ||||
| Cash paid for operating lease liabilities | $ | (75,801 | ) | $ | (77,458 | ) |
| STARFIGHTERS SPACE, INC. NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS |
7. LEASES (CONTINUED)
As of December 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the Company's lease liability is as follows:
| Lease liability | December 31, 2024 |
December 31, 2023 |
||||
| Current portion of operating lease liability | $ | 91,767 | $ | 75,801 | ||
| Long-term portion of operating lease liability | 162,150 | 253,917 | ||||
| $ | 253,917 | $ | 329,718 |
Future minimum lease payments to be paid by the Company as a lessee as of December 31, 2024 are as follows:
| Operating lease commitments and lease liability | |||
| 2025 | 123,599 | ||
| 2026 | 127,307 | ||
| 2027 | 53,696 | ||
| Total future minimum lease payments | 304,602 | ||
| Discount | (50,685 | ) | |
| Total | $ | 253,917 |
The lease has a remaining term of 2.41 years.
8. STOCKHOLDERS' DEFICIT
a) Common stock
On October 23, 2024, November 11, 2024 and November 29, 2024, the Company conducted closings of its offering under Regulation A of Section 3(b) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, for Tier 2 offerings ("Reg A Offering"), pursuant to which an aggregate of 2,456,710 shares of common stock were issued at a price of $3.59 per share, for gross proceeds of $8,819,600. In conjunction with the closing of these rounds, the Company incurred share issuance costs of $735,634. The Company was also required to issue 24,574 warrants to the placement agent. These warrants vest immediately, have an expiration date of September 6, 2029, and an exercise price of $3.59. The Company valued the warrants using the Black-Scholes model and determined that the warrants had a fair value of $57,182.
On December 23, 2024, the Company closed another round of its Reg A Offering and issued 522,463 shares for gross proceeds of $1,875,642. Cash issuance costs totalling $105,703 were incurred in conjunction with this offering. As of December 31, 2024, the shares have not yet been issued but the funds were received. Due to this, as of December 31, 2024, the proceeds are disclosed as common stock subscribed and the share issuance costs are disclosed as deferred financing charges on the consolidated balance sheet. On the share issuance date of January 6, 2025, the Company was also required to issue 5,224 warrants to the placement agent. These warrants vest immediately, have an expiration date of September 6, 2029, and an exercise price of $3.59. The issuance of the warrants occurred subsequent to December 31, 2024 and they are not recognized as of December 31, 2024.
There was no common stock activity during the year ended December 31, 2023.
| STARFIGHTERS SPACE, INC. NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS |
8. STOCKHOLDERS' DEFICIT (CONTINUED)
b) Warrants
A summary of Common Stock warrant activity during the year ended December 31, 2024 is as follows:
| Number of warrants |
Weighted average exercise price |
Weighted average remaining life in years |
Aggregate intrinsic value |
|||||||||
| Outstanding, December 31, 2023 | 18,150,000 | $ | 0.33 | 4.00 | $ | - | ||||||
| Issued | 24,574 | 3.59 | ||||||||||
| Outstanding, December 31, 2024 | 18,174,574 | $ | 0.33 | 4.00 | $ | 59,169,000 | ||||||
| Vested, December 31, 2024 | 24,574 | $ | 3.59 | 4.68 | $ | - |
In September 2023, the Company issued 3,150,000 stand-alone warrants at a price of $0.01 for proceeds of $31,500. Each warrant entitles the holder to purchase one common share at a price of $0.33. The warrants become exercisable upon the earlier of the date of a successful initial public offering, a fundamental transaction or September 6, 2025, and will expire 4 years thereafter.
As previously noted, in connection with the 2024 Offerings, the Company was required to issue 24,574 warrants to the placement agent. These warrants vest immediately, have an expiration date of September 6, 2029, and an exercise price of $3.59. The Company valued the warrants using the Black-scholes model. Based on the below inputs, the Company determined that the warrants had a fair value of $57,182.
| Expected volatility | 77.1% | ||
| Expected term (years) | 4.78 - 4.95 | ||
| Risk-free interest rate | 3.52% - 4.20% | ||
| Dividend yield | 0% |
The stock price in the model was based on a 409(a) valuation, the volatility was based on the historical volatility of comparable public companies, and the expected term is the life of the warrant.
9. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
Due From Related Party
As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, $4,074 and $4,074, respectively, was due from the CEO, who is also a majority shareholder. The amounts are unsecured, non-interest bearing and due on demand.
Management Fees
During the year ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, management fees of $232,000 and $232,000, respectively, were incurred to the CEO, who is also a majority shareholder of the Company. As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, $0 and $18,500, respectively, of management fees were included in accounts payable and accrued liabilities.
Consulting Fees
During the year ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company incurred an expense of $25,000 and $49,500, respectively, of fees to a BOD member. As of December 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, $0 and $0 of these fees were unpaid, respectively.
| STARFIGHTERS SPACE, INC. NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS |
9. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS (CONTINUED)
During the year ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company incurred an expense of $90,000 and $150,000, respectively, of fees to a Company for which a BOD member is part of senior management. As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, $0 and $0 of these fees were included in accounts payable and accrued liabilities, respectively.
During the year ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company incurred an expense of $53,000 and $54,000, respectively, of fees to an entity owned by the spouse of the CEO, who is also a majority shareholder. As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, $0 and $4,000 of these fees were included in accounts payable and accrued expenses.
During the year ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company incurred an expense of $0 and $56,250, respectively, of fees to the former CFO (current at the time the expenses were incurred) of the Company. As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, $0 and $0 of these fees were unpaid, respectively.
Contract Labor
During the year ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company incurred expenses of $0 and $7,500, respectively, to an immediate family member of the CEO, who is also a majority shareholder. As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, $0 and $0 of these fees were unpaid, respectively.
Director Fees
During the year ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, directors fees of $164,000 and $168,000, respectively, were incurred. As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, $128,000 and $56,000, respectively, of directors fees were included in accounts payable and accrued liabilities.
Professional Fees
During the year ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company incurred professional fee expenses of $95,000 and $92,000, respectively, with the VP of Development. There were $0 owed to this related party as of December 31, 2024 and 2023.
During the year ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company incurred professional fee expenses of $157,000 and $0, respectively, to the CFO of the Company. There were no amounts owed to this related party as of December 31, 2024 and 2023.
Commitments and Contingencies
The Company entered into an agreement with a company owned 50% by the CEO, who is also a majority shareholder. The agreement is to buy jet engines. The purchase price of the jet engines is $2,200,000. During the year ended December 31, 2023, the Company made the first deposit on the agreement for $750,000. During the year ended December 31, 2024, the Company made an additional deposit of $550,000. As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company had total long-term deposits with this related party of $1,300,000 and $750,000, respectively.
Notes Payable
On August 14, 2010, Company entered into a loan agreement with the CEO, who is also a majority shareholder, in the amount of $865,000. The loan bears no interest, with no terms of repayment and is due on demand. During the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, repayments of $45,000 and $247,500, respectively, were made. As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, $190,050 and $235,050, respectively was outstanding for this loan.
| STARFIGHTERS SPACE, INC. NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS |
9. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS (CONTINUED)
On August 14, 2010, the Company entered into a loan agreement with an entity owned by the spouse of the CEO, who is also a majority shareholder, in the amount of $865,000. The loan bears no interest, with no terms of repayment and is due on demand. As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, $865,000 was outstanding for this loan.
On April 10, 2016, the Company entered into a loan agreement with a company owned 50% by the CEO, who is also a majority shareholder in the amount of $100,000. The loan bears no interest, with no terms of repayment and is due on demand. As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, $100,000 was outstanding for this loan.
On August 1, 2022, the Company entered into a loan agreement with the CEO, who is also a majority shareholder, in the amount of $475,150. The loan bears no interest, with no terms of repayment, and is due on demand. As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, $475,150 was outstanding for this loan.
10. INCOME TAXES
The components of the Company's provision for income taxes for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 are as follows:
| December 31, 2024 | December 31, 2023 | |||||
| Current: | ||||||
| Federal | - | - | ||||
| State | - | - | ||||
| Total current | - | - | ||||
| Deferred: | ||||||
| Federal | (1,660,843 | ) | (983,132 | ) | ||
| State | (434,983 | ) | (257,487 | ) | ||
| Total deferred | (2,095,826 | ) | (1,240,619 | ) | ||
| Permanent book/tax differences | 482,490 | 187,332 | ||||
| Change in valuation allowance | 1,613,336 | 1,053,287 | ||||
| Total tax benefit | $ | - | $ | - |
A reconciliation between the effective income tax rate and the federal statutory income tax rate is as follows:
| December 31, 2024 | December 31, 2023 | |||||
| Loss before income taxes | $ | (7,908,777 | ) | $ | (4,681,583 | ) |
| Expected recovery at federal rate of 21% | (1,660,843 | ) | (983,132 | ) | ||
| Expected recovery at state rate of 5.5% | (434,983 | ) | (257,487 | ) | ||
| Permanent book/tax differences | 482,490 | 187,332 | ||||
| Change in valuation allowance | 1,613,336 | 1,053,287 | ||||
| Total tax benefit | $ | - | $ | - |
10. INCOME TAXES (CONTINUED)
| STARFIGHTERS SPACE, INC. NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS |
| December 31, 2024 | December 31, 2023 | |||||
| US federal statutory rate | 21.0% | 21.0% | ||||
| Florida state rate | 5.5% | 5.5% | ||||
| Effects of: | ||||||
| Amortization of debt discount | (6.0%) | (3.8%) | ||||
| Valuation allowance | (20.5%) | (22.7%) | ||||
| 0% | 0% |
The effective tax rate for 2024 is materially consistent with the prior year comparable period due to the continued full valuation allowance recorded against net deferred tax assets:
Deferred Income Tax
The significant components of the deferred tax assets and liabilities consisted of the following:
| December 31, 2024 | December 31, 2023 | |||||
| Deferred tax assets | ||||||
| Net operating loss carryforwards | $ | 3,852,828 | $ | 874,146 | ||
| Property, plant and equipment | 12,794 | 10,842 | ||||
| Convertible debt | 104,538 | 449,461 | ||||
| Total deferred tax assets | 3,970,327 | 1,334,449 | ||||
| Deferred tax liabilities | ||||||
| Derivative liabilities | (452,344 | ) | (17,029 | ) | ||
| Total deferred tax liabilities | (452,344 | ) | (17,029 | ) | ||
| Valuation allowance | (3,517,983 | ) | (1,317,420 | ) | ||
| Net deferred tax asset | $ | - | $ | - |
As of December 31, 2024, the Company had approximately $14,539,000 and $14,539,000, respectively, of federal and state net operating loss carry forwards that carry forward indefinitely. As of December 31, 2023, the Company had approximately $5,515,000 and $5,512,830, respectively, of federal and state net operating loss carry forwards that carry forward indefinitely. Future utilization of the net operating loss carry forwards is subject to certain limitations under Section 382 of the Internal Revenue Code.
In assessing the realizability of deferred tax assets, management considers all positive and negative evidence to determine whether it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. The ultimate realization of deferred tax assets is dependent upon the generation of future taxable income during the periods in which those temporary differences become deductible. Due to the uncertainty of the Company's ability to realize the benefit of the deferred tax assets, primarily related to the history of cumulative operating losses, the net deferred tax assets are fully offset by a valuation allowance at December 31, 2024 and 2023.
The Company is subject to U.S. federal income tax examinations by tax authorities for all tax years since inception due to unexpired net operating loss carryforwards originating in and after that year. The Company may be subject to income tax examinations for the various state taxing authorities which vary by jurisdiction.
| STARFIGHTERS SPACE, INC. NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS |
10. INCOME TAXES (CONTINUED)
The Company has evaluated its income tax positions and has determined that it does not have any uncertain tax positions. The Company will recognize interest and penalties related to any uncertain tax positions through its income tax expense.
11. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
Issuance of option to consultant and officer
On September 1, 2023, the Company entered into an agreement with a consultant. Under the agreement, the Company was obligated to issue 100,000 options. Both the Company and the consultant have agreed to delay issuance of these options until an Offering price has been established as part of an initial public offering or other public offering ("Offering Price").
The agreement also calls for 150,000 contingent Options, subject to future approval by the Board of Directors, with an exercise price equal to the Offering Price.
On January 1, 2024, the Company entered into an agreement with the Chief Financial Officer (the "CFO"). Under the agreement, the Company was obligated to issue 100,000 options. Both the Company and the CFO have agreed to delay issuance of these options until an Offering price has been established as part of an initial public offering or other public offering ("Offering Price").
The agreement also calls for 150,000 contingent Options, subject to future approval by the Board of Directors, with an exercise price equal to the Offering Price.
Midland Economic Development Agreement
On October 7, 2024, the Company entered into an economic development agreement (the "Economic Development Agreement") with Midland Development Corporation ("MDC"), whereby MDC has agreed to provide certain incentives to the Company for (i) expansion of its business operations to the Midland International Air & Space Port ("KMAF"), (ii) creation and retention of primary jobs within the corporate limits of the City of Midland, and (iii) relocation of certain capital assets and equipment at the Midland International Air & Space Port. In connection with the Economic Development Agreement, the Company has a commitment to enter into certain temporary, short-term, and long-term hangar leases at KMAF, and the MDC would provide reimbursements of lease payments until a long-term hangar lease is being entered into.
Aerovision Aircraft Acquisition Agreement
On October 31, 2024, the Company entered into an aircraft acquisition agreement ("Aircraft Agreement") with Aerovision LLC ("Aerovision"), pursuant to which the Company agreed to purchase from Aerovision various used aircrafts and associated spare equipment (the "Aircraft Transactions") in phases. The subject aircraft for acquisition pursuant to the Aircraft Agreement are: (i) twelve F-4 Phantom II aircraft, (ii) one MD-83 with U.S. Federal Aviation Administration ("FAA") Registration N572AA, and (iii) one DC-9 with FAA Registration N932NA. The twelve F-4 Phantom II aircraft have recently been decommissioned by the Republic of Korea Air Force, and will have to be registered with the FAA after they are imported into the United States from South Korea.
| STARFIGHTERS SPACE, INC. NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS |
11. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES (CONTINUED)
The Aircraft Agreement requires an initial deposit advance in the amount of $5,000,000 to be made no later than ten business days from the signing of the Aircraft Agreement, which has been paid from funds received from the Company's Regulation A Tier 2 Offering. The payment of the deposit is considered to constitute "Phase 1" under the Aircraft Agreement. Phase 2 will involve the payment of an additional $5,000,000 for the acquisition of eight of the twelve F-4 Phantom II aircraft. Such payment is due no later than December 15, 2024. Phase 3 will involve the payment of an additional $5,000,000 for the acquisition of the final four F-4 Phantom II aircraft. Such payment is due no later than March 15, 2025. Phase 4 shall involve the payment of an additional $5,000,000 for the acquisition of the MD-83 aircraft with FAA Registration N572AA, and the DC-9 aircraft with FAA Registration N932NA. The parties are to use their reasonable best efforts to complete Phase 4 by April 15, 2025. This agreement has subsequently been amended.
On January 28, 2025, the Company and Aerovision verbally agreed to amend the Aircraft Agreement regarding the Aircraft Transactions, pursuant to which: (i) the Company may elect not to proceed with Phase 3 and/or Phase 4; (ii) the initial deposit advance of $5,000,000 is broken down into two payments of $2,500,000 each, with the first payment to be made on or before January 31, 2025 (which has been paid on January 24, 2025), and the second payment to be made within 10 days of Aerovision executing a binding agreement to acquire a minimum of eight F-4 Phantom II aircraft from an alternative supplier(s); (iii) the due date for payment associated with Phase 2 is amended to be within five days of Aerovision providing confirmation of shipping of the F-4 Phantom II aircraft to the Company from the point of origin; (iv) the due date for payment associated with Phase 3, if Starfighters International elected to proceed, is amended to be October 31, 2025; (v) the due date for payment associated with Phase 4, if Starfighters International elected to proceed, is amended to be January 31, 2026.
12. SUBSEQUENT EVENTS
On January 6, 2025, the Company closed a round of its Reg A Offering in relation to funds already received as of December 31, 2024 (Note 8) and issued 522,463 shares of common stock at a price of $3.59 per share, for gross proceeds of $1,875,642. In conjunction with closing this financing round, the Company incurred cash issuance costs of $105,703. On January 6, 2025, the Company issued 5,224 agent's warrants in connection with this closing, with each warrant exercisable into one share of common stock at an exercise price of $3.59 and expiring on September 6, 2029.
On April 2, 2025, the Company closed a round of its Reg A Offering and issued 1,141,197 shares of common stock at a price of $3.59 per share for gross proceeds of $4,096,886. In connection with the closing of this round, the Company incurred cash issuance costs of $225,667. On April 2, 2025, the Company issued 11,425 agent's warrants in connection with this closing, with each warrant exercisable into one share of common stock at an exercise price of $3.59 and expiring on September 6, 2029.
On April 25, 2025, the Company closed a round of tis Reg A Offering and issued 234,262 shares of common stock at a price of $3.59 per share for gross proceeds of $841,001. On April 25, 2025, the Company issued 2,344 agent's warrants in connection with this closing, with each warrant exercisable into one share of common stock at an exercise price of $3.59 and expiring on September 6, 2029.
STARFIGHTERS SPACE, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED INTERIM FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE THREE MONTHS ENDED MARCH 31, 2025 AND 2024
(Unaudited – Stated in United States dollars)
STARFIGHTERS SPACE, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED INTERIM BALANCE SHEETS
| March 31, 2025 (unaudited) |
December 31, 2024 (audited) |
|||||
| Assets | ||||||
| Current assets | ||||||
| Cash | $ | 3,955,164 | $ | 7,050,610 | ||
| Restricted cash | 50,212 | 50,089 | ||||
| Short-term investments | 1,313,361 | 1,006,517 | ||||
| Due from related parties | 4,074 | 4,074 | ||||
| Prepaid expenses | 124,783 | 134,572 | ||||
| Deferred financing charges | 231,265 | 105,703 | ||||
| Other receivable | 1,064 | 1,064 | ||||
| Total current assets | 5,679,923 | 8,352,629 | ||||
| Right of use assets - operating lease, net | 221,144 | 242,332 | ||||
| Property, plant, and equipment, net | 77,542 | 82,622 | ||||
| Long-term deposits | 6,623,003 | 1,623,003 | ||||
| Total assets | $ | 12,601,612 | $ | 10,300,586 | ||
| Liabilities and Stockholders' Deficit | ||||||
| Current liabilities | ||||||
| Accounts payable and accrued liabilities | $ | 465,889 | $ | 731,756 | ||
| Deferred income | 438,540 | 344,800 | ||||
| Derivative liability | 5,240,131 | 4,535,469 | ||||
| Lease liability | 96,154 | 91,767 | ||||
| Interest payable | 20,961 | 13,938 | ||||
| Convertible debentures, net | 7,469,825 | 7,244,961 | ||||
| Notes payable | 1,436,001 | 1,436,001 | ||||
| Related party notes payable | 1,630,200 | 1,630,200 | ||||
| Total current liabilities | 16,797,701 | 16,028,892 | ||||
| Lease liability - non-current | 136,602 | 162,150 | ||||
| Total liabilities | $ | 16,934,303 | $ | 16,191,042 | ||
| Commitments and contingencies - see Note 10 | ||||||
| Stockholders' Deficit | ||||||
| Common stock, $0.00001 par value, 200,000,000 shares authorized; 19,697,980 issued and outstanding as of March 31, 2025 (19,176,910 as of December 31, 2024) | 197 | 192 | ||||
| Common stock subscribed | 4,101,909 | 1,870,643 | ||||
| Additional paid-in-capital | 10,889,646 | 9,125,524 | ||||
| Accumulated deficit | (19,324,443 | ) | (16,886,815 | ) | ||
| Total stockholders' deficit | (4,332,691 | ) | (5,890,456 | ) | ||
| Total liabilities and stockholders' deficit | $ | 12,601,612 | $ | 10,300,586 |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements.
STARFIGHTERS SPACE, INC.
UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED INTERIM STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
| Three months ended March 31, | ||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | |||||
| Operating expenses | ||||||
| Advertising and promotion | $ | 81,173 | $ | 56,819 | ||
| Bank and interest charges | 4,027 | 650 | ||||
| Business development | 180,000 | 90,000 | ||||
| Consulting fees | 390,350 | 240,928 | ||||
| Contract labour and fuel | 185,775 | 99,650 | ||||
| Depreciation | 5,080 | 1,842 | ||||
| Directors fees | 42,000 | 42,000 | ||||
| Insurance | 21,157 | 23,130 | ||||
| Licenses | 450 | 35 | ||||
| Listing fees | 3,049 | 150,000 | ||||
| Management fees | 75,000 | 55,500 | ||||
| Office and administrative | 78,125 | 59,846 | ||||
| Professional fees | 192,414 | 287,853 | ||||
| Rent expense | 102,751 | 70,820 | ||||
| Repairs and maintenance | 5,994 | 2,261 | ||||
| Travel and entertainment | 255,454 | 57,221 | ||||
| Vehicle | 1,275 | 363 | ||||
| Total operating expenses | (1,624,074 | ) | (1,238,918 | ) | ||
| Other income (expense) | ||||||
| Amortization of debt discount | (117,067 | ) | (376,126 | ) | ||
| Change in fair value of derivative liability | (704,662 | ) | (1,188,517 | ) | ||
| Other income | 87,900 | 20,000 | ||||
| Interest expense | (118,410 | ) | (168,569 | ) | ||
| Interest income | 42,775 | 10,638 | ||||
| Exchange gain (loss) | (4,090 | ) | 478 | |||
| Total other income (expense) | (813,554 | ) | (1,702,096 | ) | ||
| Net loss | $ | (2,437,628 | ) | $ | (2,941,014 | ) |
| Weighted average number of shares - Basic and diluted | 19,669,032 | 16,720,200 | ||||
| Loss per share - Basic and diluted | $ | (0.12 | ) | $ | (0.18 | ) |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements.
STARFIGHTERS SPACE, INC.
UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED INTERIM STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS' DEFICIT
| Common Stock | ||||||||||||||||||
| Number of shares |
Amount | Common Stock Subscribed |
Additional Paid-in- Capital |
Deficit | Total Stockholders' Deficit |
|||||||||||||
| Balance, January 1, 2024 | 16,720,200 | $ | 167 | $ | - | $ | 1,041,583 | $ | (8,978,038 | ) | $ | (7,936,288 | ) | |||||
| Net loss | - | - | - | - | (2,941,014 | ) | (2,941,014 | ) | ||||||||||
| Balance, March 31, 2024 | 16,720,200 | 167 | - | 1,041,583 | (11,919,052 | ) | (10,877,302 | ) | ||||||||||
| Balance January 1, 2025 | 19,176,910 | 192 | 1,870,643 | 9,125,524 | (16,886,815 | ) | (5,890,456 | ) | ||||||||||
| Issuance of former stock subscriptions | 521,070 | 5 | (1,870,643 | ) | 1,870,638 | - | - | |||||||||||
| Reg A financing subscriptions received | - | - | 4,101,909 | - | - | 4,101,909 | ||||||||||||
| Reg A financing share issuance costs | - | - | - | (106,516 | ) | - | (106,516 | ) | ||||||||||
| Net loss | - | - | - | - | (2,437,628 | ) | (2,437,628 | ) | ||||||||||
| Balance, March 31, 2025 | 19,697,980 | $ | 197 | $ | 4,101,909 | $ | 10,889,646 | $ | (19,324,443 | ) | $ | (4,332,691 | ) | |||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements.
STARFIGHTERS SPACE, INC.
UNAUDITED CONSENSED CONSOLIDATED INTERIM STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
| Three months ended March 31, | ||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | |||||
| Cash flows from operating activities | ||||||
| Net loss | $ | (2,437,628 | ) | $ | (2,941,014 | ) |
| Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities: | ||||||
| Depreciation | 5,080 | 1,842 | ||||
| Amortization of ROU asset | 21,188 | 18,315 | ||||
| Unrealized gain on short-term investment | (11,422 | ) | (849 | ) | ||
| Amortization of debt discount | 117,067 | 376,126 | ||||
| Change in fair value of derivative liability | 704,662 | 1,188,517 | ||||
| Changes in operating assets and liabilities: | ||||||
| Accrued interest | 114,820 | 159,634 | ||||
| Accounts payable and accrued liabilities | (265,867 | ) | 167,585 | |||
| Prepaid expenses | 9,789 | (42,578 | ) | |||
| Deferred income | 93,740 | - | ||||
| Lease liability | (21,161 | ) | (17,404 | ) | ||
| Net cash used in operating activities | (1,669,732 | ) | (1,089,826 | ) | ||
| Cash flows from investing activities | ||||||
| Additions to long-term deposits | (5,000,000 | ) | (50,000 | ) | ||
| Purchase of short-term investments | (295,422 | ) | - | |||
| Net cash used in investing activities | (5,295,422 | ) | (50,000 | ) | ||
| Cash flows from financing activities | ||||||
| Proceeds from convertible debentures to be issued | - | 107,973 | ||||
| Repayment of related party notes payable | - | (45,000 | ) | |||
| Proceeds from private placements | 4,101,909 | - | ||||
| Deferred financing costs | (232,078 | ) | - | |||
| Net cash provided by financing activities | 3,869,831 | 62,973 | ||||
| Decrease in cash and restricted cash | (3,095,323 | ) | (1,076,853 | ) | ||
| Cash and restricted cash, beginning of period | 7,100,699 | 1,694,109 | ||||
| Cash and restricted cash, end of period | $ | 4,005,376 | $ | 617,256 | ||
| Cash | $ | 3,955,164 | $ | 617,256 | ||
| Restricted cash | 50,212 | - | ||||
| Total cash and restricted cash, end of period | $ | 4,005,376 | $ | 617,256 | ||
| Supplemental cash flow information | ||||||
| Income taxes paid | $ | - | $ | - | ||
| Interest paid | $ | 3,589 | $ | 8,935 | ||
| Supplemental disclosure of non-cash investing and financing activities | ||||||
| Shares issued for common stock subscribed | $ | 1,870,643 | $ | - | ||
| Deferred financing costs recognized as share issuance costs | $ | 105,703 | $ | - | ||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements.
| STARFIGHTERS SPACE, INC. NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED INTERIM FINANCIAL STATEMENTS |
1. NATURE OF OPERATIONS
Starfighters Space Inc. ("SFS" or the "Company") was incorporated on September 6, 2022, under the laws of the State of Delaware. The Company's registered office is held at 850 New Burton Road, Suite 201, Dover, DE 19904. The Company's principal operating facility is located in Cape Canaveral, Florida. The Company operates from the NASA Kennedy Space Center in Florida and has a fleet of seven F104 Fighter jets that are capable of flying MACH 2+. The Company is currently in the process of gaining a launch waiver and license for its first space launch to launch rockets carrying payloads for data testing from their jets into suborbital space. Upon successful suborbital space flight, the Company intends to develop infrastructure for orbital space launch.
Risks and Uncertainties
Disruption of global financial markets and a recession or market correction, including the ongoing military conflicts between Russia and Ukraine and the related sanctions imposed against Russia as well as the conflict between Israel and Hamas, the ongoing effects of the COVID-19 pandemic, the significant tariffs imposed by the United States on imports from other countries and other global macroeconomic factors such as inflation and rising interest rates, could reduce the Company's ability to access capital, which could in the future negatively affect the Company's liquidity and could materially affect the Company's business and the value of its common stock.
2. BASIS OF PRESENTATION
a) Basis of presentation
The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements are presented in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America ("U.S. GAAP") for interim financial information and in accordance with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 8 of Regulation S-X of the SEC. Certain information or footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP have been condensed or omitted, pursuant to the rules and regulations of the SEC for interim financial reporting. Accordingly, they do not include all the information and footnotes necessary for a complete presentation of financial position, results of operations, or cash flows. In the opinion of management, the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements include all adjustments, consisting of a normal recurring nature, which are necessary for a fair presentation of the financial position, operating results and cash flows for the periods presented.
The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company's audited financial statements and notes thereto as of and for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 which report is dated April 30, 2025. The interim results for the three months ended March 31, 2025 are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the year ending December 31, 2025 or for any future periods.
As of March 31, 2025, the Company's subsidiaries were:
|
Name of subsidiary |
Place of incorporation |
Incorporated |
Ownership |
|
Starfighters International Inc. (Florida) |
Florida, the United States |
March 3, 2018 |
100% |
|
Starfighters Inc. |
Florida, the United States |
November 16, 1995 |
100% |
|
Starfighters International Inc. (Texas) |
Texas, the United States |
March 29, 2024 |
100% |
| STARFIGHTERS SPACE, INC. NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED INTERIM FINANCIAL STATEMENTS |
2. BASIS OF PRESENTATION (CONTINUED)
b) Going concern
These unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements have been prepared on a going concern basis, which contemplates the realization of assets and the settlement of liabilities and commitments in the normal course of business. During the three months ended March 31, 2025, the Company recorded a net loss of $2,437,628 (March 31, 2024 - $2,941,014) and has a deficit of $19,324,443 (December 31, 2024 - $16,886,815).
These factors raise substantial doubt about the Company's ability to continue as a going concern within one year after the date of the unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements being issued. The ability of the Company to continue as a going concern is dependent upon the Company's ability to raise additional funds and implement its business plan. These unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements do not include any adjustments that might be necessary if the Company is unable to continue as a going concern. Such adjustments could be material.
As of March 31, 2025, the Company had cash in the amount of $3,955,164 (December 31, 2024 - $7,050,610). The continuation of the Company as a going concern is dependent upon its ability to obtain necessary debt or equity financing to continue operations until it begins generating positive cash flow. No assurance can be given that any future financing will be available or, if available, that it will be on terms that are satisfactory to the Company. Even if the Company is able to obtain additional financing, it may contain undue restrictions on our operations, in the case of debt financing, or cause substantial dilution for our stockholders, in the case or equity financing.
c) Functional and presentation currencies
These unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements of the Company are presented in United States dollars. The functional currency of the Company and its subsidiaries is the United States dollar.
d) Emerging growth company
The Company is an "Emerging Growth Company", as defined in Section 2(a) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "Securities Act"), as modified by the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012 (the "JOBS Act"), and it has taken advantage of certain exemptions that are not applicable to other public companies that are not emerging growth companies including, but not limited to, not being required to comply with the independent registered public accounting firm attestation requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, reduced disclosure obligations regarding executive compensation in its periodic reports and proxy statements, and exemptions from the requirements of holding a nonbinding advisory vote on executive compensation and shareholder approval of any golden parachute payments not previously approved.
Further, Section 102(b) (1) of the JOBS Act exempts emerging growth companies from being required to comply with new or revised financial accounting standards until private companies (that is, those that have not had a Securities Act registration statement declared effective or do not have a class of securities registered under the Exchange Act) are required to comply with the new or revised financial reporting standards. The JOBS Act provides that a company can elect to opt out of the extended transition period and comply with the requirements that apply to non-emerging growth companies but any such election to opt out is irrevocable.
The Company has elected not to opt out of such extended transition period which means that when a standard is issued or revised and it has different application dates for public and private companies, the Company, as an emerging growth company, can adopt the new or revised standard at the time private companies adopt the new or revised standard.
| STARFIGHTERS SPACE, INC. NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED INTERIM FINANCIAL STATEMENTS |
2. BASIS OF PRESENTATION (CONTINUED)
e) Use of estimates and judgments
The preparation of these unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires the Company's management to make judgments, estimates and assumptions about future events that the amounts reported in the unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements. Actual results may differ from these estimates.
3. SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
The significant accounting policies applied in the preparation of these unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements are consistent with the accounting policies disclosed in the Company's audited consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2024.
4. PROPERTY, PLANT, AND EQUIPMENT
Property, plant, and equipment consist of the following:
| March 31, 2025 | December 31, 2024 | |||||
| Vehicles | $ | 51,149 | $ | 51,149 | ||
| Aircraft improvements | 79,529 | 79,529 | ||||
| 130,678 | 130,678 | |||||
| Less: accumulated depreciation | (53,136 | ) | (48,056 | ) | ||
| Net book value | $ | 77,542 | $ | 82,622 |
Depreciation expense for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, was $5,080 and $1,842, respectively.
5. NOTES PAYABLE
On February 16, 2012, the Company secured a loan with Space Florida in the amount of $1,436,001, maturing September 16, 2022. The loan bears interest at 1.00% per annum, no payments are due on the loan for 12 months from the date of first disbursement of the loan and interest-only payments are applicable over the next 114 months. The loan is secured by a DASH-7 aircraft engine with a book value of $0.
On September 16, 2022, the Company and Space Florida amended the agreement to extend the maturity date to November 1, 2033 and to increase the interest rate to 3.00% per annum and 8.00% per annum in the event of default. Additionally, starting December 1, 2023 the Company is to make monthly installments of $13,866.
On November 1, 2024, the Company and Space Florida entered into an amendment to the loan to confirm that the rate of interest is 3%. The parties also agreed that the previous monthly payment schedule is no longer in force, and the final settlement of the note would be through the conversion to shares of the Company upon a public listing event, at the public offering price.
As of March 31, 2025, the principal balance of $1,436,001 (December 31, 2024 - $1,436,001), and accrued interest of $20,961 (December 31, 2024 - $13,938) was outstanding for this loan. Interest expense was $10,613 for the three months ended March 31, 2025 (March 31, 2024 - $32,964).
6. CONVERTIBLE DEBENTURE
The convertible debentures bear interest at 5.00% per annum, had an original maturity date of February 24, 2025, and automatically convert upon the event of an IPO at the lesser of a 40% discount of the price of the IPO and $4.00 per share. Convertible debentures entered into subsequent to the Tranche 1, which closed on February 24, 2023, receive interest from the initial issuance date of February 24, 2023 from Tranche 1.
| STARFIGHTERS SPACE, INC. NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED INTERIM FINANCIAL STATEMENTS |
6. CONVERTIBLE DEBENTURE (CONTINUED)
During the year ended December 31, 2024, the Company closed the secured convertible debenture financing as follows:
The convertible debentures were determined to be hybrid financial instruments comprised of a debt host liability and an embedded derivative liability, as under the conversion feature, the number of shares that will or may be issued to settle the debentures may vary. Upon issuance, the fair value of the debt host liability was determined to be $743,400 and the respective embedded derivative liability was valued at $475,909. The derivative liability conversion feature was valued first and the residual was allocated to the debt host liability. The Company uses the Monte Carlo model to determine the fair value of the embedded derivative liability based on a common stock simulation model and future projections of various potential outcomes. The Company incurred $19,950 in transaction costs. The fair value of the initial derivative and the transaction costs incurred were recorded as debt discount and are amortized over the life of the convertible notes using the effective interest method.
During the year ended December 31, 2023, the Company closed the secured convertible debenture financing as follows:
The convertible debentures were determined to be hybrid financial instruments comprised of a debt host liability and an embedded derivative liability, as under the conversion feature the number of shares that will or may be issued to settle the notes may vary. Upon issuance, the fair value of the debt host liability was determined to be $6,346,000 and the respective embedded derivative liability was valued at $2,352,602. The derivative liability conversion feature was valued first and the residual was allocated to the debt host liability. The Company uses the Monte Carlo model to determine the fair value of the embedded derivative liability based on a common stock simulation model and future projections of various potential outcomes. The Company incurred $86,506 in transaction costs. The fair value of the initial derivative and the transaction costs incurred were recorded as debt discount and are amortized over the life of the convertible notes using the effective interest method.
On December 19, 2024, holders of the convertible debentures approved an amendment to the debenture indenture, originally dated as of February 24, 2023, such that the maturity of the convertible debentures is extended from February 24, 2025 to December 31, 2025, and the convertible debentures will bear interest of 5.00% per annum until February 24, 2025, and 8.00% per annum from February 25, 2025 (the "December 2024 amendment"). The Company determined that this amendment should be treated as a debt modification.
Debt discount amortization during the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 was $117,067 and $376,126, respectively. Unamortized debt discount as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024 was $383,871 and $500,937, respectively. Interest expense on the convertible notes for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 was $107,797 and $135,605, respectively.
| STARFIGHTERS SPACE, INC. NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED INTERIM FINANCIAL STATEMENTS |
6. CONVERTIBLE DEBENTURE (CONTINUED)
A summary of convertible debt as of and for the three months ended March 31, 2025, as of and for the year ended December 31, 2024 is as follows:
| Tranche 1 | Tranche 2 | Tranche 3 | Tranche 4 | Tranche 5 | Total | |||||||||||||
| As of January 1, 2024 | $ | 3,617,726 | $ | 551,746 | $ | 269,096 | $ | 337,839 | $ | - | $ | 4,776,407 | ||||||
| Issuances | - | - | - | - | 743,400 | 743,400 | ||||||||||||
| Fair value of conversion feature | - | - | - | - | (475,909 | ) | (475,909 | ) | ||||||||||
| Transaction costs | - | - | - | - | (19,950 | ) | (19,950 | ) | ||||||||||
| Amortization of debt discount | 819,055 | 225,899 | 152,110 | 273,428 | 307,013 | 1,777,505 | ||||||||||||
| Interest | 221,275 | 55,736 | 34,920 | 62,736 | 68,841 | 443,508 | ||||||||||||
| As of December 31, 2024 | $ | 4,658,056 | $ | 833,381 | $ | 456,126 | $ | 674,003 | $ | 623,395 | $ | 7,244,961 | ||||||
| Amortization of debt discount | 39,942 | 10,928 | 8,016 | 16,533 | 41,648 | 117,067 | ||||||||||||
| Interest | 67,108 | 12,226 | 6,812 | 10,348 | 11,303 | 107,797 | ||||||||||||
| As of March 31, 2025 | $ | 4,765,106 | $ | 856,535 | $ | 470,954 | $ | 700,884 | $ | 676,346 | $ | 7,469,825 |
A roll-forward of the derivative liability, which is categorized at Level 3 on the fair value hierarchy, for the year ended December 31, 2024 and three months ended March 31, 2025 is as follows:
| Derivative liabilities | |||
| As of January 1, 2024 | $ | 2,416,863 | |
| Fair value of embedded derivative liability recognized | 475,909 | ||
| Change in fair value | 1,642,697 | ||
| As of December 31, 2024 | $ | 4,535,469 | |
| Change in fair value | 704,662 | ||
| As of March 31, 2025 | $ | 5,240,131 |
The key inputs used in the Monte Carlo model for the embedded conversion feature at initial measurement were as follows:
| Tranche 1 | Tranche 2 | Tranche 3 | Tranche 4 | Tranche 5 | |||||||||||
| Risk-free interest rate | 4.67% | 4.90% | 5.11% | 4.69% | 4.44% - 5.01% | ||||||||||
| Expected term (years) | 2.00 | 1.58 | 1.42 | 1.17 | 0.50 - 0.75 | ||||||||||
| Expected volatility | 74.6% | 74.2% | 75.8% | 75.9% | 69.3% - 86.2% | ||||||||||
| Probability of an IPO | 50.00% | 60.00% | 70.00% | 75.00% | 95.00% | ||||||||||
| Stock price | $ | 0.5135 | $ | 0.5477 | $ | 0.5632 | $ | 0.5886 | $ | 2.0627 - 3.2454 |
The Company's use of a Monte Carlo simulation model required the use of the subjective assumptions:
| STARFIGHTERS SPACE, INC. NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED INTERIM FINANCIAL STATEMENTS |
6. CONVERTIBLE DEBENTURE (CONTINUED)
The key inputs used in the Monte Carlo model for the embedded conversion feature at March 31, 2025 were as follows:
| Tranche 1 | Tranche 2 | Tranche 3 | Tranche 4 | Tranche 5 | |||||||||||
| Risk-free interest rate | 4.13% | 4.13% | 4.13% | 4.13% | 4.13% | ||||||||||
| Expected term (years) | 0.75 | 0.75 | 0.75 | 0.75 | 0.75 | ||||||||||
| Expected volatility | 81.0% | 81.0% | 81.0% | 81.0% | 81.0% | ||||||||||
| Probability of an IPO | 95.00% | 95.00% | 95.00% | 95.00% | 95.00% | ||||||||||
| Stock price | $ | 3.59 | $ | 3.59 | $ | 3.59 | $ | 3.59 | $ | 3.59 |
The key inputs used in the Monte Carlo model for the embedded conversion feature at December 31, 2024 were as follows:
| Tranche 1 | Tranche 2 | Tranche 3 | Tranche 4 | Tranche 5 | |||||||||||
| Risk-free interest rate | 4.16% | 4.16% | 4.16% | 4.16% | 4.16% | ||||||||||
| Expected term (years) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||||||||
| Expected volatility | 74.0% | 74.0% | 74.0% | 74.0% | 74.0% | ||||||||||
| Probability of an IPO | 95.00% | 95.00% | 95.00% | 95.00% | 95.00% | ||||||||||
| Stock price | $ | 3.59 | $ | 3.59 | $ | 3.59 | $ | 3.59 | $ | 3.59 |
7. STOCKHOLDERS' DEFICIT
a) Common stock
Common stock activity during the three months ended March 31, 2025
On January 6, 2025, the Company closed a round of its Reg A Offering in relation to funds already received as of December 31, 2024 and issued 521,070 shares of common stock at a price of $3.59 per share, for gross proceeds of $1,870,643. In conjunction with closing this financing round, the Company incurred cash issuance costs of $106,516. On January 6, 2025, the Company also issued 5,224 warrants to the placement agent. These warrants vest immediately, have an expiration date of September 6, 2029, and an exercise price of $3.59. The Company valued the warrants using the Black-Scholes model and determined that the warrants had a fair value of $12,672.
On February 27, 2025 and March 13, 2025, the Company closed two rounds of its Reg A Offering for gross proceeds of $4,101,909. Cash issuance costs totalling $231,265 were incurred in connection with this closing. 1,142,594 shares are issuable in connection with this closing. As of March 31, 2025, the shares have not yet been issued but the funds were received. Due to this, as of March 31, 2025, the proceeds are disclosed as common stock subscribed and the share issuance costs are disclosed as deferred financing charges on the unaudited condensed interim consolidated balance sheet. In connection with the closing of the two financing rounds, the Company was also required to issue 11,425 warrants to the placement agent. These warrants vest immediately, have an expiration date of September 6, 2029, and an exercise price of $3.59. The Company valued the warrants using the Black-Scholes model and determined that the warrants had a fair value of $27,163.
| STARFIGHTERS SPACE, INC. NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED INTERIM FINANCIAL STATEMENTS |
7. STOCKHOLDERS' DEFICIT (CONTINUED)
Common stock activity during the year ended December 31, 2024
On October 23, 2024, November 11, 2024 and November 29, 2024, the Company conducted closings of its offering under Regulation A of Section 3(b) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, for Tier 2 offerings ("Reg A Offering"), pursuant to which an aggregate of 2,456,710 shares of common stock were issued at a price of $3.59 per share, for gross proceeds of $8,819,600. In conjunction with the closing of these rounds, the Company incurred share issuance costs of $735,634. The Company was also required to issue 24,574 warrants to the placement agent. These warrants vest immediately, have an expiration date of September 6, 2029, and an exercise price of $3.59. The Company valued the warrants using the Black-Scholes model and determined that the warrants had a fair value of $57,182.
On December 23, 2024, the Company closed another round of its Reg A Offering for gross proceeds of $1,870,643. As of December 31, 2024, the shares have not yet been issued but the funds were received. Due to this, as of December 31, 2024, the proceeds are disclosed as common stock subscribed and the share issuance costs are disclosed as deferred financing charges on the consolidated balance sheet.
b) Warrants
A summary of Common Stock warrant activity during the three months ended March 31, 2025 is as follows:
| Number of warrants |
Weighted average exercise price |
Weighted average remaining life in years |
Aggregate intrinsic value | |||||||||
| Outstanding, January 1, 2025 | 18,174,574 | $ | 0.33 | 4.00 | $ | 59,169,000 | ||||||
| Issued | 16,649 | 3.59 | ||||||||||
| Outstanding, March 31, 2025 | 18,191,223 | $ | 0.34 | 4.00 | $ | 59,169,000 | ||||||
| Exercisable, March 31, 2025 | 41,223 | $ | 3.59 | 4.44 | $ | - |
As previously noted, in connection with the 2025 Offerings, the Company was required to issue 16,649 warrants to the placement agent. These warrants vest immediately, have an expiration date of September 6, 2029, and an exercise price of $3.59. The Company valued the warrants using the Black-Scholes model. Based on the below inputs, the Company determined that the warrants had a fair value of $39,835.
| Expected volatility | 86.90% - 87.30% |
| Expected term (years) | 4.48 - 4.67 |
| Risk-free interest rate | 2.61 - 2.96% |
| Dividend yield | 0% |
The stock price in the model was based on a 409(a) valuation, the volatility was based on the historical volatility of comparable public companies, and the expected term is the life of the warrant.
| STARFIGHTERS SPACE, INC. NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED INTERIM FINANCIAL STATEMENTS |
8. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
Due From Related Party
As of March 31, 2025, $4,074 (December 31, 2024 - $4,074) was due from the CEO, who is also a majority shareholder. The amounts are unsecured, non-interest bearing and due on demand.
Management Fees
During the period ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, management fees of $75,000 and $55,500, respectively, were incurred to the CEO, who is also a majority shareholder of the Company. As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, $0 and $0, of management fees were included in accounts payable and accrued liabilities, respectively.
Consulting Fees
During the period ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, the Company incurred consulting fees of $0 and $18,750, respectively, of fees to a BOD member. As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, $0 and $0 of these fees were unpaid, respectively.
During the period ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, the Company incurred consulting fees of $10,606 and $0, respectively, of fees to a BOD member. As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, $0 and $0 of these fees were unpaid, respectively.
During the period ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, the Company incurred consulting fees of $0 and $22,500, respectively, of fees to a Company for which a BOD member is part of senior management. As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, $0 and $0 of these fees were unpaid, respectively.
During the period ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, the Company incurred an expense of $18,000 and $12,000, respectively, of fees to an entity owned by the spouse of the CEO, who is also a majority shareholder. As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, $0 and $0 of these fees were included in accounts payable and accrued expenses.
Contract Labour
During the period ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, the Company incurred expenses with the brother of the CEO, totaling $20,000 and $0, respectively. These expenses are included in Contract Labour and Fuel in the unaudited condensed consolidated interim statements of operations. As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, there were no unpaid amounts for these services.
Director Fees
During the period ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, directors fees of $42,000 and $42,000, respectively, were incurred to related parties. As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, $0 and $128,000, respectively, of directors fees were included in accounts payable and accrued liabilities.
Professional Fees
During the period ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, the Company incurred professional fee expenses of $45,000 and $25,500, respectively, to the CFO. There were no amounts owed to this related party as of March 31, 2025 or December 31, 2024.
During the period ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, the Company incurred professional fee expenses of $24,000 and $22,500, respectively, to the VP of Development. There were no amounts owed to this related party as of March 31, 2025 or December 31, 2024.
| STARFIGHTERS SPACE, INC. NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED INTERIM FINANCIAL STATEMENTS |
8. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS (CONTINUED)
Commitments and Contingencies
The Company entered into an agreement with a company owned 50% by the CEO and majority shareholder. The agreement is to buy jet engines. The purchase price of the jet engines is $2,200,000. As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the Company had total long-term deposits with this related party recorded for this agreement of $1,300,000.
Notes Payable
On August 14, 2010, Company entered into a loan agreement with the Shareholder in the amount of $865,000. The loan bears no interest, with no terms of repayment and is due on demand. As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, $190,050 was outstanding for this loan.
On August 14, 2010, the Company entered into a loan agreement with an entity owned by the spouse of the Shareholder in the amount of $865,000. The loan bears no interest, with no terms of repayment and is due on demand. As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, $865,000 was outstanding for this loan.
On April 10, 2016, the Company entered into a loan agreement with a corporation owned 50% by the CEO, who is also a majority shareholder, in the amount of $100,000. The loan bears no interest, with no terms of repayment and is due on demand. As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, $100,000 was outstanding for this loan.
On August 1, 2022, the Company entered into a loan agreement with the Shareholder in the amount of $475,150. The loan bears no interest, with no terms of repayment, and is due on demand. As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, $475,150 was outstanding for this loan.
9. INCOME TAXES
The Company did not record any income tax provision or benefit for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024. The Company provides for a valuation allowance when it is more likely than not that it will not realize a portion of its deferred tax assets. The Company has established a valuation allowance against the net deferred tax asset due to the uncertainty that enough taxable income will be generated in those taxing jurisdictions to utilize the assets. Therefore, the Company has not reflected any benefit of such deferred tax assets in the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements.
10. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
Issuance of Options to Consultant and Officer
On September 1, 2023, the Company entered into an agreement with a consultant. Under the agreement, the Company was obligated to issue 100,000 options. Both the Company and the consultant have agreed to delay issuance of these options until an Offering price has been established as part of an initial public offering or other public offering ("Offering Price").
The agreement also calls for 150,000 contingent Options, subject to future approval by the Board of Directors, with an exercise price equal to the Offering Price.
On January 1, 2024, the Company entered into an agreement with the Chief Financial Officer (the "CFO"). Under the agreement, the Company was obligated to issue 100,000 options. Both the Company and the CFO have agreed to delay issuance of these options until an Offering price has been established as part of an initial public offering or other public offering ("Offering Price").
| STARFIGHTERS SPACE, INC. NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED INTERIM FINANCIAL STATEMENTS |
10. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES (CONTINUED)
The agreement also calls for 150,000 contingent Options, subject to future approval by the Board of Directors, with an exercise price equal to the Offering Price.
Midland Economic Development Agreement
On October 7, 2024, the Company entered into an economic development agreement (the "Economic Development Agreement") with Midland Development Corporation ("MDC"), whereby MDC has agreed to provide certain incentives to the Company for (i) expansion of its business operations to the Midland International Air & Space Port ("KMAF"), (ii) creation and retention of primary jobs within the corporate limits of the City of Midland, and (iii) relocation of certain capital assets and equipment at the Midland International Air & Space Port. In connection with the Economic Development Agreement, the Company has a commitment to enter into certain temporary, short-term, and long-term hangar leases at KMAF, and the MDC would provide reimbursements of lease payments until a long-term hangar lease is being entered into.
Aerovision Aircraft Acquisition Agreement
On October 31, 2024, the Company entered into an aircraft acquisition agreement ("Aircraft Agreement") with Aerovision LLC ("Aerovision"), pursuant to which the Company agreed to purchase from Aerovision various used aircrafts and associated spare equipment (the "Aircraft Transactions") in phases. The subject aircraft for acquisition pursuant to the Aircraft Agreement are: (i) twelve F-4 Phantom II aircraft, (ii) one MD-83 with U.S. Federal Aviation Administration ("FAA") Registration N572AA, and (iii) one DC-9 with FAA Registration N932NA. The twelve F-4 Phantom II aircraft have recently been decommissioned by the Republic of Korea Air Force, and will have to be registered with the FAA after they are imported into the United States from South Korea.
The Aircraft Agreement requires an initial deposit advance in the amount of $5,000,000 to be made no later than ten business days from the signing of the Aircraft Agreement, which has been paid from funds received from the Company's Regulation A Tier 2 Offering. The payment of the deposit is considered to constitute "Phase 1" under the Aircraft Agreement. Phase 2 will involve the payment of an additional $5,000,000 for the acquisition of eight of the twelve F-4 Phantom II aircraft. Such payment is due no later than December 15, 2024. Phase 3 will involve the payment of an additional $5,000,000 for the acquisition of the final four F-4 Phantom II aircraft. Such payment is due no later than March 15, 2025. Phase 4 shall involve the payment of an additional $5,000,000 for the acquisition of the MD-83 aircraft with FAA Registration N572AA, and the DC-9 aircraft with FAA Registration N932NA. The parties are to use their reasonable best efforts to complete Phase 4 by April 15, 2025. This agreement has subsequently been amended.
On January 28, 2025, the Company and Aerovision verbally agreed to amend the Aircraft Agreement regarding the Aircraft Transactions, pursuant to which: (i) the Company may elect not to proceed with Phase 3 and/or Phase 4; (ii) the initial deposit advance of $5,000,000 is broken down into two payments of $2,500,000 each, with the first payment to be made on or before January 31, 2025 (which has been paid on January 24, 2025), and the second payment to be made within 10 days of Aerovision executing a binding agreement to acquire a minimum of eight F-4 Phantom II aircraft from an alternative supplier(s) (which has been paid on March 3, 2025); (iii) the due date for payment associated with Phase 2 is amended to be within five days of Aerovision providing confirmation of shipping of the F-4 Phantom II aircraft to the Company from the point of origin; (iv) the due date for payment associated with Phase 3, if Starfighters International elected to proceed, is amended to be October 31, 2025; (v) the due date for payment associated with Phase 4, if Starfighters International elected to proceed, is amended to be January 31, 2026.
| STARFIGHTERS SPACE, INC. NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED INTERIM FINANCIAL STATEMENTS |
11. SUBSEQUENT EVENTS
On April 2, 2025, the Company issued 1,142,590 shares of common stock at a price of $3.59 per share in connection with two rounds of Reg A Offering previously closed with funds received as of March 31, 2025 (Note 7) for gross proceeds of $4,101,909. In conjunction with the closing of this round, the Company incurred cash issuance costs of $231,265.
On April 25, 2025, the Company closed a round of its Reg A Offering and issued 234,485 shares of common stock at a price of $3.59 per share for gross proceeds of $841,801. In conjunction with the closing of this round, the Company incurred cash issuance cost of $29,065. On April 25, 2025, the Company issued 2,344 agent's warrants in connection with this closing, with each warrant exercisable into one share of common stock at an exercise price of $3.59 and expiring on September 6, 2029.
On June 1, 2025, the Company entered into a commercial hangar lease agreement with the City of Midland for the lease of hangar facilities at KMAF in relation to its commitments in the Economic Development Agreement (Note 10). The lease is for $18,535 per month with a term of one year, which may be extended upon mutual written consent for up to four additional years.
STARFIGHTERS SPACE, INC.
PRO FORMA CONDENSED INTERIM CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(EXPRESSED IN USD)
FOR THE THREE MONTHS ENDED MARCH 31, 2025
STARFIGHTERS SPACE, INC.
PRO FORMA CONDENSED INTERIM CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEET
As of March 31, 2025
| A | B | C | D | |||||||||||||||
| Historical | Regulation A Financings |
IPO financing |
Conversion of debt |
Transaction costs |
Pro Forma | |||||||||||||
| Assets | ||||||||||||||||||
| Current assets | ||||||||||||||||||
| Cash | $ | 3,955,164 | $ | 3,000,184 | $ | 8,000,000 | $ | - | $ | (400,000 | ) | $ | 14,555,348 | |||||
| Restricted cash | 50,212 | - | - | - | - | 50,212 | ||||||||||||
| Short-term investments | 1,313,361 | - | - | - | - | 1,313,361 | ||||||||||||
| Due from related party | 4,074 | - | - | - | - | 4,074 | ||||||||||||
| Prepaid expenses | 124,783 | - | - | - | (65,000 | ) | 59,783 | |||||||||||
| Deferred financing charges | 231,265 | (231,265 | ) | - | - | - | - | |||||||||||
| Other receivable | 1,064 | - | - | - | - | 1,064 | ||||||||||||
| Total current assets | 5,679,923 | 2,768,919 | 8,000,000 | - | (465,000 | ) | 15,983,842 | |||||||||||
| Right of use assets - operating lease, net | 221,144 | - | - | - | - | 221,144 | ||||||||||||
| Property, plant, and equipment, net | 77,542 | - | - | - | - | 77,542 | ||||||||||||
| Long-term deposits | 6,623,003 | - | - | - | - | 6,623,003 | ||||||||||||
| Total assets | $ | 12,601,612 | $ | 2,768,919 | $ | 8,000,000 | $ | - | $ | (465,000 | ) | $ | 22,905,531 | |||||
| Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity (Deficit) | ||||||||||||||||||
| Current liabilities | ||||||||||||||||||
| Accounts payable and accrued liabilities | $ | 465,889 | $ | - | $ | - | $ | - | $ | - | $ | 465,889 | ||||||
| Deferred income | 438,540 | - | - | - | - | 438,540 | ||||||||||||
| Derivative liability | 5,240,131 | - | - | (5,240,131 | ) | - | - | |||||||||||
| Lease liability | 96,154 | - | - | - | - | 96,154 | ||||||||||||
| Interest payable | 20,961 | - | - | (20,961 | ) | - | - | |||||||||||
| Convertible debentures, net | 7,469,825 | - | - | (7,469,825 | ) | - | - | |||||||||||
| Note payable | 1,436,001 | - | - | (1,436,001 | ) | - | - | |||||||||||
| Related party notes payable | 1,630,200 | - | - | - | - | 1,630,200 | ||||||||||||
| Total current liabilities | 16,797,701 | - | - | (14,166,918 | ) | - | 2,630,783 | |||||||||||
| Lease liability - non-current | 136,602 | - | - | - | - | 136,602 | ||||||||||||
| Total liabilities | $ | 16,934,303 | $ | - | $ | - | $ | (14,166,918 | ) | $ | - | $ | 2,767,385 | |||||
| Stockholders' Equity (Deficit) | ||||||||||||||||||
| Common stock | 197 | 20 | 22 | 40 | - | 279 | ||||||||||||
| Common stock subscribed | 4,101,909 | (4,101,909 | ) | - | - | - | - | |||||||||||
| Additional paid-in-capital | 10,889,646 | 6,870,808 | 7,999,978 | 14,546,417 | (465,000 | ) | 39,841,849 | |||||||||||
| Accumulated deficit | (19,324,443 | ) | - | - | (379,539 | ) | - | (19,703,982 | ) | |||||||||
| Total stockholders' equity (deficit) | (4,332,691 | ) | 2,768,919 | 8,000,000 | 14,166,918 | (465,000 | ) | 20,138,146 | ||||||||||
| Total liabilities and stockholders' equity (deficit) | $ | 12,601,612 | $ | 2,768,919 | $ | 8,000,000 | $ | - | $ | (465,000 | ) | $ | 22,905,531 |
STARFIGHTERS SPACE, INC.
PRO FORMA CONDENSED INTERIM CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS
FOR THE THREE MONTHS ENDED MARCH 31, 2025
(UNAUDITED)
| E | F | G | ||||||||||
| Historical | Elimination of P/L impact of convertible debts |
Projected expenses from April 1 to Listing Date |
Pro Forma | |||||||||
| Operating expenses | ||||||||||||
| Advertising and promotion | $ | 81,173 | $ | - | 153,327 | $ | 234,500 | |||||
| Bank and interest charges | 4,027 | - | 7,607 | 11,634 | ||||||||
| Business development | 180,000 | - | 340,000 | 520,000 | ||||||||
| Consulting fees | 390,350 | - | 737,328 | 1,127,678 | ||||||||
| Contract labor and fuel | 185,775 | - | 350,908 | 536,683 | ||||||||
| Depreciation | 5,080 | - | 9,596 | 14,676 | ||||||||
| Directors fees | 42,000 | - | 79,333 | 121,333 | ||||||||
| Insurance | 21,157 | - | 39,963 | 61,120 | ||||||||
| Licenses | 450 | 850 | 1,300 | |||||||||
| Listing fees | 3,049 | - | 5,759 | 8,808 | ||||||||
| Management fees | 75,000 | - | 141,667 | 216,667 | ||||||||
| Office and administrative | 78,125 | - | 147,569 | 225,694 | ||||||||
| Professional fees | 192,414 | - | 363,449 | 555,863 | ||||||||
| Rent expense | 102,751 | - | 259,575 | 362,326 | ||||||||
| Repairs and maintenance | 5,994 | - | 11,322 | 17,316 | ||||||||
| Travel and entertainment | 255,454 | - | 482,524 | 737,978 | ||||||||
| Vehicle | 1,275 | - | 2,408 | 3,683 | ||||||||
| Total operating expenses | (1,624,074 | ) | - | (3,133,185 | ) | (4,757,259 | ) | |||||
| Other income (expense) | ||||||||||||
| Amortization of debt discount | (117,067 | ) | 117,067 | - | - | |||||||
| Change in fair value of derivative liability | (704,662 | ) | 704,662 | - | - | |||||||
| Other income | 87,900 | - | 166,033 | 253,933 | ||||||||
| Interest expense | (118,410 | ) | 118,410 | - | - | |||||||
| Interest income | 42,775 | - | 80,797 | 123,572 | ||||||||
| Exchange loss | (4,090 | ) | - | (7,726 | ) | (11,816 | ) | |||||
| Total other income (expense) | (813,554 | ) | 940,139 | 239,104 | 365,689 | |||||||
| Net loss | $ | (2,437,628 | ) | $ | 940,139 | (2,894,081 | ) | $ | (4,391,570 | ) | ||
| Weighted average number of shares | 19,669,032 | 27,973,700 | ||||||||||
| Net loss per share | $ | (0.12 | ) | $ | (0.16 | ) |
STARFIGHTERS SPACE, INC.
PRO FORMA CONDENSED INTERIM CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY (DEFICIT)
(UNAUDITED)
| Common Stock | ||||||||||||||||||
| Number of Shares |
Amount | Common Stock Subscribed |
Additional Paid-In- Capital |
Deficit | Total Stockholders' Equity (Deficit) |
|||||||||||||
| Balance, January 1, 2025 | 19,176,910 | $ | 192 | $ | 1,870,643 | $ | 9,125,524 | $ | (16,886,815 | ) | $ | (5,890,456 | ) | |||||
| Issuance of former stock subscriptions | 521,070 | 5 | (1,870,643 | ) | 1,870,638 | - | - | |||||||||||
| Reg A financing subscriptions received | - | - | 4,101,909 | - | - | 4,101,909 | ||||||||||||
| Reg A financing share issuance costs | - | - | - | (106,516 | ) | - | (106,516 | ) | ||||||||||
| Net loss | - | - | - | - | (2,437,628 | ) | (2,437,628 | ) | ||||||||||
| Balance, March 31, 2025 | 19,697,980 | $ | 197 | $ | 4,101,909 | $ | 10,889,646 | $ | (19,324,443 | ) | $ | (4,332,691 | ) | |||||
| Regulation A Financings (Note A) | 2,024,317 | 20 | (4,101,909 | ) | 6,870,808 | - | 2,768,919 | |||||||||||
| IPO Financing (Note B) | 2,228,413 | 22 | - | 7,999,978 | - | 8,000,000 | ||||||||||||
| Conversion of debt (Note C) | 4,051,938 | 40 | - | 14,546,417 | (379,539 | ) | 14,166,918 | |||||||||||
| Transaction costs (Note D) | - | - | - | (465,000 | ) | - | (465,000 | ) | ||||||||||
| Pro forma balance | 28,002,648 | $ | 279 | $ | - | $ | 39,841,849 | $ | (19,703,982 | ) | $ | 20,138,146 | ||||||
| STARFIGHTERS SPACE, INC. NOTES TO THE PRO FORMA CONDENSED INTERIM CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS As of March 31, 2025 |
Notes:
(A) Regulation A Financings
Subsequent to March 31, 2025, and as of August 13, 2025, the Company completed five subsequent closings of its offering under Regulation A of Section 3(b) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, for Tier 2 offerings ("Reg A Offering"), pursuant to which common stock were issued at a price of $3.59 per share.
The adjustments reflect the following closes:
Close 5, on April 2, 2025
493,874 shares of common stock were issued for gross proceeds of $1,773,010. The Company incurred share issuance cost of $89,078. Gross proceeds have been received as of March 31, 2025, and were reported as common stock subscribed, and the associated share issuance cost as deferred financing charges.
Close 6, on April 2, 2025
648,716 shares of common stock were issued for gross proceeds of $2,328,899. The Company incurred share issuance cost of $142,187. Gross proceeds have been received as of March 31, 2025, and were reported as common stock subscribed, and the associated share issuance cost as deferred financing charges.
Close 7, on April 25, 2025
234,485 shares of common stock were issued for gross proceeds of $841,801. The Company incurred share issuance cost of $29,065.
Close 8, on July 16, 2025
550,416 shares of common stock were issued for gross proceeds of $1,975,990. The Company incurred share issuance cost of $102,705.
Close 9, on July 16, 2025
96,826 shares of common stock were issued for gross proceeds of $328,231. The Company incurred share issuance cost of $14,067.
(B) IPO Financing
As part of the initial public offering ("IPO") of the Company, the Company intends to raise financing of $8,000,000 through the issuance of 2,228,413 shares at a price of $3.59 per share.
(C) Conversion of debt
The Company has issued convertible debts, and a note payable, pursuant to the terms of which, all outstanding principal and interest thereto would be converted into shares of common stock of the Company upon a listing event of the stock of the Company on a recognized stock exchange in the United States (the "Listing Event").
The adjustments reflect the following conversions:
Conversion of convertible debt
| STARFIGHTERS SPACE, INC. NOTES TO THE PRO FORMA CONDENSED INTERIM CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS As of March 31, 2025 |
The Company has 5 tranches of convertible debt in issuance. Such convertible debt are, upon the Listing Event, convertible into shares of common stock of the Company at a conversion price equal to the lesser of: (i) a 40% discount at the price of the shares at the Company's Listing Event, and (ii) $4.00.
This adjustment reflects an assumption of an Initial Public Offering ("IPO") of the Company on the NYSE at an IPO price of $3.59. The conversion price is thus assumed to be $2.15.
As of March 31, 2025, the Company had an aggregate principal and interest outstanding of $7,853,696. The number of shares of common stock the convertible debt is convertible into, is thus calculated at 3,646,099. These shares would have a fair value of $13,089,495, calculated at the IPO price.
As of March 31, 2025, the convertible debt and the associated derivative liability for its conversion option are carried at $7,469,825 and $5,240,131, respectively. The conversion would represent an extinguishment of the convertible debt and the derivative liability, thus the Company would recognize a loss on conversion of convertible debt of $379,539, representing the difference between the fair value of shares issued, and the combined carrying amount of the convertible debt and the derivative liability.
Conversion of note payable
The Company has a note payable outstanding, which are convertible, upon the Listing Event, into shares of common stock of the Company at a conversion price equal to the IPO price.
This adjustment reflects an assumption of an IPO of the Company on the NYSE at an IPO price of $3.00. The conversion price is thus assumed to be $3.59.
As of March 31, 2025, the Company had an aggregate principal and interest outstanding of $1,456,962. The number of shares of common stock the convertible debt is convertible into, is thus calculated at 405,839. These shares would have a fair value of $1,456,962, calculated at the IPO price. The conversion would not give rise to any gain or loss on conversion, as the conversion price is equal to the IPO price.
(D) Transaction Costs
The Company expects to incur $465,000 in transaction costs in connection with the IPO. $65,000 of the costs are already prepaid, and the remaining $400,000 unpaid amounts are expected to be settled in cash.
(E) Elimination of P/L impact of convertible debts
This represents the elimination of income statement impact of the convertible debts (Note B), assuming they were converted on the first day of the period presented.
This adjustment is not included in the pro-forma balance sheet, as the balance sheet pro-forma is prepared as if the contemplated transactions occurred on the balance sheet date, whereas the pro-forma P/L is prepared as if the contemplated transactions occurred on the first day of the period presented in the P/L.
(F) Projected expenses from April 1 to Listing Date
The adjustment reflects P/L impact from stub period between April 1, 2025 and September 17, 2025 (anticipated IPO date) on a pro-rata basis. Additional rent expense is recognized for a short-term lease agreement entered into with the City of Midland on June 1, 2025 regarding certain facilities at the Midland International Airport.
| STARFIGHTERS SPACE, INC. NOTES TO THE PRO FORMA CONDENSED INTERIM CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS As of March 31, 2025 |
(G) Pro Forma Weighted Average Number of Shares Outstanding
The weighted average number of shares outstanding presented in the pro forma condensed interim consolidated statement of operations reflects pro forma number of shares estimated to be outstanding following the transactions as of the date of this analysis.
Reconciliation of weighted average number of shares outstanding:
| Weighted average number of shares outstanding, historical | 19,669,032 | ||
| Regulation A Financings (Note A) | 2,024,317 | ||
| IPO Financing (Note B) | 2,228,413 | ||
| Conversion of debt (Note C) | 4,051,938 | ||
| Weighted average number of shares outstanding, pro forma | 27,973,700 |
PART III - EXHIBITS
INDEX TO EXHIBITS
* Filed herewith.
‡ Portions of this exhibit have been omitted.
+ Indicates a management contract or compensatory plan.
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Regulation A, the issuer certifies that it has reasonable grounds to believe that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form 1-A and has duly caused this Offering statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Cape Canaveral, Florida, USA on August 26, 2025.
| STARFIGHTERS SPACE, INC. | ||
| By: | /s/ Rick Svetkoff | |
| Name: Rick Svetkoff | ||
| Title: President & Chief Executive Officer | ||
KNOW ALL PERSONS BY THESE PRESENTS, that each person whose signature appears below constitutes and appoints Rick Svetkoff and David Whitney, or any of them, their true and lawful attorney-in-fact and agent, with full power of substitution, for them and in their name, place and stead, in any and all capacities, to sign any and all amendments to this Form 1-A offering statement, and to file the same with all exhibits thereto, and other documents in connection therewith, with the Securities and Exchange Commission, granting unto said attorney-in-fact and agent full power and authority to do and perform each and every act and thing requisite and ratifying and confirming all that said attorney-in-fact and agent or their substitute or substitutes may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, this Offering statement has been signed by the following persons in the capacities and on the dates indicated.
| /s/ Rick Svetkoff | Date: | August 26, 2025 | |
| Name: Rick Svetkoff Title: President, Chief Executive Officer and Director (Principal Executive Officer) |
|||
| /s/ David Whitney | Date: | August 26, 2025 | |
| Name: David Whitney Title: Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer and Principal Accounting Officer) |
|||
| /s/ Tim Franta | Date: | August 26, 2025 | |
| Name: Tim Franta Title: VP Development and Director |
|||
| /s/ Sean Bromley | Date: | August 26, 2025 | |
| Name: Sean Bromley Title: Director |
|||
| /s/ Brian Goldmeier | Date: | August 26, 2025 | |
| Name: Brian Goldmeier Title: Director |
|||
| /s/ Geoffrey P. Hickman | Date: | August 26, 2025 | |
| Name: Geoffrey P. Hickman Title: Director |
|||
Starfighters Space, Inc.
Maximum: 11,142,061 Shares of Common Stock
AMENDED AND RESTATED SELLING AGENCY AGREEMENT
August [*], 2025
Digital Offering, LLC
1461 Glenneyre Street, Suite D
Laguna Beach, CA 92651
Dear Ladies and Gentlemen:
Starfighters Space, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the "Company"), proposes, subject to the terms and conditions contained in this Amended and Restated Selling Agency Agreement (this "Agreement"), to issue and sell on a "best efforts" basis up to a maximum of 11,142,061 shares of common stock, $0.00001 par value per share (the "Common Stock"), of the Company to investors (collectively, the "Investors"), at a purchase price of $3.59 per Share (the "Purchase Price"), in an offering (the "Offering") pursuant to Regulation A through Digital Offering, LLC (the "Selling Agent"), acting on a best efforts basis only, in connection with such sales. The shares of Common Stock to be sold in this Offering are referred to herein as the "Shares." The Shares are more fully described in the Amended Offering Statement (as hereinafter defined). This Agreement amends and restates that certain Selling Agency Agreement between the Company and the Selling Agent dated September 6, 2024 (the "Original Agreement"). The Offering commenced on September 6, 2024, pursuant to the Original Agreement, and a total of 4,996,697 Shares have been sold, leaving a balance of 6,145,364 Shares available for sale pursuant to the Offering.
The Company hereby confirms its agreement with the Selling Agent concerning the purchase and sale of the Shares, as follows:
1. Agreement to Act as Selling Agent.
(a) Best Efforts Basis. On the basis of the representations, warranties and agreements of the Company herein contained and subject to all the terms and conditions of this Agreement, the Selling Agent agrees to act on a best efforts basis only, in connection with the issuance and sale by the Company of the Shares to the Investors. Under no circumstances will the Selling Agent be obligated to underwrite or purchase any of the Shares for their own account or otherwise provide any financing.
(b) Selling Agent' Commissions. The Company will pay to the Selling Agent a cash commission equal to seven and one-half percent (7.50%) (the "Cash Fee") of the gross offering proceeds received by the Company from the sale of the Shares after the date of this Agreement, which shall be allocated by the Selling Agent to Dealers (as hereinafter defined) participating in the Offering, in its sole discretion.
(c) Selling Agent's Warrants. The Company hereby agrees to issue to the Selling Agent (and/or its designees) a warrant (the "Selling Agent's Warrant") to purchase a number of Shares (such Shares, the "Warrant Shares") equal to 1.0% of the total number of Shares sold in the Offering. The Selling Agent's Warrant agreement, in the form attached hereto as Exhibit A (the "Selling Agent's Warrant Agreement"), shall be exercisable, in whole or in part, commencing on the issuance date and expiring on the five-year anniversary of the date of commencement of sales in the Offering, at an initial exercise price of $3.59 per Warrant Share, which is equal to 100% of the Purchase Price of the Shares. The Selling Agent's Warrant shall not be redeemable. The Selling Agent's Warrant and the underlying Warrant Shares have been deemed compensation by the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc. ("FINRA") and are therefore subject to a 180-day lock-up pursuant to Rule 5110(e)(1) of FINRA. The Selling Agent, or permitted assignees under such rule, may not sell, transfer, assign, pledge, or hypothecate the Selling Agent's Warrants or the Warrant Shares, nor will the Selling Agent or permitted assignees engage in any hedging, short sale, derivative, put, or call transaction that would result in the effective economic disposition of the Selling Agent's Warrants or the Warrant Shares for a period of 180 days from commencement of sales in the Offering, except that they may be transferred, in whole or in part, by operation of law or by reason of a reorganization of the Selling Agent, or to any selling agent or selected dealer participating in the Offering, and their officers, partners or registered representatives, if the Selling Agent's Warrant or the Warrant Shares so transferred remain subject to the foregoing lock-up restrictions for the remainder of the time period. The Selling Agent's Warrant will provide for adjustment in the number and price of such warrants (and the underlying Warrant Shares) to prevent dilution in the event of a stock dividend, stock split or other reclassification of the Common Stock, and certain registration rights.
(d) Selected Dealer Agreements. The Selling Agent shall have the right to enter into selected dealer agreements with other broker-dealers participating in the Offering (each dealer being referred to herein as a "Dealer" and said dealers being collectively referred to herein as the "Dealers"). The Cash Fee shall be assignable by the Selling Agent, in whole or in part, to the Dealers. The Company will not be liable or responsible to any Dealer for direct payment of compensation to any Dealer, it being the sole and exclusive responsibility of the Selling Agent for payment of compensation to Dealers.
2. Delivery and Payment.
(a) On or by the date of this Agreement, (i) the Company, the Selling Agent and Enterprise Bank & Trust ("Enterprise") will have entered into an Escrow Agreement substantially in the form included as an exhibit to the Amended Offering Statement (the "Enterprise Escrow Agreement") pursuant to which an escrow account will be established, at the Company's expense, for all Investors that participate in the Offering through the Selling Agent (the "Enterprise Escrow Account"); Enterprise is referred to herein as an "Escrow Agent." The Enterprise Escrow Agreement is referred to herein as an "Escrow Agreement."
(b) Prior to the Closing Date (as hereinafter defined) and any subsequent Closing Date, (i) each Investor will execute and deliver a Subscription Agreement substantially in the relevant form included as an exhibit to the Amended Offering Statement (each, including the Purchaser Questionnaire annexed thereto, an "Investor Subscription Agreement") to the Company and the Company will make available to the Selling Agent and the applicable Escrow Agent copies of each such Investor Subscription Agreement; (ii) each Investor will transfer to an Escrow Account funds in an amount equal to the Purchase Price per Share as shown on the cover page of the Final Amended Offering Circular (as hereinafter defined) multiplied by the number of Shares subscribed by such Investor; (iii) subscription funds received from any Investor will be promptly transmitted to an Escrow Account in compliance with Rule 15c2-4 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "Exchange Act"), and (iv) each Escrow Agent will notify the Company and the Selling Agent in writing as to the balance of the collected funds in such Escrow Accounts.
(c) Notwithstanding the foregoing Section 2(b), Investors that maintain an account with a participating dealer may participate in the Offering without depositing funds with the Escrow Agent, provided such Investors maintain sufficient funds in their account with the Selling Agent. At Closing, any amounts subscribed for and Shares delivered will be settled broker-to-broker.
(d) If an Escrow Agent shall have received written notice from the Company and the Selling Agent on or before 4:00 p.m., New York City time (or at such time(s) as may be agreed upon by the Company and the Selling Agent), on date(s) as may be agreed upon by the Company and the Selling Agent (each such date, a "Closing Date"), such Escrow Agent will release the balance of the Escrow Account for collection by the Company and the Selling Agent as provided in the Escrow Agreement and the Company shall deliver the Shares purchased on such Closing Date to the Investors, which delivery may be made through the facilities of the Depository Trust Company ("DTC") or via book entry with the Company's securities registrar and transfer agent, Nevada Agency and Transfer Company (the "Transfer Agent"). The closing (the "Closing") shall take place at the offices of the Selling Agent or such other location as the Selling Agent and the Company shall mutually agree. All actions taken at the Closing shall be deemed to have occurred simultaneously on the date of the Closing.
(e) If the Company and the Selling Agent determine that the Offering will not proceed, then the Escrow Agents will promptly return the funds to the Investors without interest.
3. Representations and Warranties of the Company. The Company represents and warrants and covenants to the Selling Agent that:
(a) The Company has filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "Commission") a post-qualification amendment no.1 to the offering statement on Form 1-A (File No. 024-12488) (collectively, with the various parts of such offering statement, each as amended as of the Qualification Date for such part, including any Offering Circular (as defined below) and all exhibits to such offering statement, the "Amended Offering Statement") relating to the Shares and the Warrant Shares pursuant to Regulation A ("Regulation A") as promulgated under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "Act"), and the other applicable rules, orders and regulations (collectively referred to as the "Rules and Regulations") of the Commission promulgated under the Act. As used in this Agreement:
(1) "Applicable Time" means 9:00 am (Eastern time) on the date of this Agreement;
(2) "Final Amended Offering Circular" means the final offering circular relating to the Offering, including any supplements or amendments thereto, as filed with the Commission pursuant to Regulation A;
(3) "Preliminary Amended Offering Circular" means any preliminary amended offering circular relating to the Shares included in the Amended Offering Statement pursuant to Regulation A;
(4) "Pricing Disclosure Materials" means the most recent Preliminary Amended Offering Circular;
(5) "Qualification Date" means the date as of which the Amended Offering Statement was or will be qualified with the Commission pursuant to Regulation A, the Act and the Rules and Regulations; and
(6) "Testing-the-Waters Communication" means any video or written communication with potential investors undertaken in reliance on Rule 255 of the Rules and Regulations.
(b) The Amended Offering Statement has been filed with the Commission in accordance with the Act and Regulation A; no stop order of the Commission preventing or suspending the qualification or use of the Amended Offering Statement, or any amendment thereto, has been issued, and no proceedings for such purpose have been instituted or, to the Company's, knowledge, are contemplated by the Commission.
(c) The Amended Offering Statement, at the time it became qualified, as of the date hereof, and as of the Closing Date, conformed and will conform in all material respects to the requirements of Regulation A, the Act and the Rules and Regulations.
(d) The Amended Offering Statement, at the time it became qualified, as of the date hereof, and as of the Closing Date, did not and will not, contain an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading.
(e) The most recent Preliminary Amended Offering Circular did not, as of its date, include an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading; provided, however, that the Company makes no representation or warranty with respect to the statements included in the Preliminary Amended Offering Circular provided in writing by the Selling Agent expressly for use therein as described in Section 8(b) herein.
(f) The Final Amended Offering Circular will not, as of its date and on the Closing Date, include an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading; provided, however, that the Company makes no representation or warranty with respect to the statements included in the Final Amended Offering Circular provided in writing by the Selling Agent expressly for use therein as described in Section 8(b) herein.
(g) The Pricing Disclosure Materials, when considered together, did not, as of the Applicable Time, included an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading, provided, however, that the Company makes no representation or warranty with respect to the statements included in the Pricing Disclosure Materials provided in writing by the Selling Agent expressly for use therein as described in Section 8(b) hereof.
(h) The Company is duly organized and validly existing as a corporation in good standing under the laws of the State of Delaware. The Company has full power and authority to conduct all the activities conducted by it, to own and lease all the assets owned and leased by it and to conduct its business as presently conducted and as described in the Amended Offering Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Materials and the Final Amended Offering Circular. The Company is duly licensed or qualified to do business and in good standing as a foreign organization in all jurisdictions in which the nature of the activities conducted by it or the character of the assets owned or leased by it makes such licensing or qualification necessary, except where the failure to be so qualified or in good standing or have such power or authority would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a material adverse effect on or materially affect the business, prospects, properties, management, financial position, stockholders' equity, or results of operations of the Company taken as a whole (a "Material Adverse Effect"). Complete and correct copies of the articles of incorporation and of the bylaws of the Company and all amendments thereto have been made available to the Selling Agent, and no changes therein will be made subsequent to the date hereof and prior to any Closing Date.
(i) Except as set forth in the Amended Offering Statement, the Company has no subsidiaries, nor does it own a controlling interest in any entity.
(j) The Company is organized in, and its principal place of business is in, the United States.
(k) The Company is not subject to the ongoing reporting requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act and has not been subject to an order by the Commission denying, suspending, or revoking the registration of any class of securities pursuant to Section 12(j) of the Exchange Act that was entered within five years preceding the date the Amended Offering Statement was originally filed with the Commission. The Company has filed during the two-year period preceding the date the Amended Offering Statement was originally filed with the Commission all ongoing reports required by the Rules and Regulations under Regulation A, if any.
(l) The Company is not, nor upon completion of the transactions contemplated herein will it be, an "investment company," nor an "affiliated person" of, or "promoter" or "principal underwriter" for, an "investment company," nor will it be registered or required to be registered as an "investment company," as such terms are defined in the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the "Investment Company Act"). The Company is not a development stage company or a "business development company" as defined in Section 2(a)(48) of the Investment Company Act. The Company is not a blank check company and is not an issuer of fractional undivided interests in oil or gas rights or similar interests in other mineral rights. The Company is not an issuer of asset-backed securities as defined in Item 1101(c) of Regulation AB.
(m) Except in each case as otherwise disclosed in the Amended Offering Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Materials and the Final Amended Offering Circular, neither the Company, nor any predecessor of the Company; nor any other issuer affiliated with the Company; nor any director or executive officer of the Company or other officer of the Company participating in the Offering, nor any beneficial owner of 20% or more of the Company's outstanding voting equity securities, nor any promoter connected with the Company, is subject to the disqualification provisions of Rule 262 of the Rules and Regulations.
(n) The Company is not a "foreign private issuer," as such term is defined in Rule 405 under the Act.
(o) The Company has full legal right, power and authority to enter into this Agreement and the Escrow Agreements and perform the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby. This Agreement and the Escrow Agreements have each been authorized and validly executed and delivered by the Company and are each a legal, valid and binding agreement of the Company enforceable against the Company in accordance with its terms, subject to the effect of applicable bankruptcy, insolvency or similar laws affecting creditors' rights generally and equitable principles of general applicability and except for limitations on enforceability of indemnity provisions under federal and state laws.
(p) The issuance and sale of the Shares and the Warrant Shares have been duly authorized by the Company, and, when issued and paid for in accordance with this Agreement or the Selling Agent's Warrant Agreement, respectively, will be duly and validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable and will not be subject to preemptive or similar rights other than those that have been disclosed in the Final Amended Offering Circular. The holders of the Shares or the Warrant Shares will not be subject to personal liability by reason of being such holders. The Shares and the Warrant Shares, when issued, will conform to their description thereof set forth in the Final Amended Offering Circular in all material respects. The Company has sufficient authorized shares of Common Stock for the issuance of the maximum number of Shares and Warrant Shares issuable pursuant to the Offering as described in the Final Amended Offering Circular.
(q) The Company has not authorized anyone to engage in Testing-the-Waters Communications. The Company confirms that if it decides to utilize Testing-the-Waters Communications it will authorize management of the Company and the Selling Agent to act on its behalf in undertaking Testing-the-Waters Communications. The Company has not distributed any Testing-the-Waters Communications.
(r) The financial statements and the related notes included in the Amended Offering Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Materials and the Final Amended Offering Circular present fairly, in all material respects, the financial condition of the Company as of the dates thereof and the results of operations and cash flows at the dates and for the periods covered thereby in conformity with United States generally accepted accounting principles ("GAAP"), except as may be stated in the related notes thereto. No other financial statements or schedules of the Company, any subsidiary or any other entity are required by the Act or the Rules and Regulations to be included in the Amended Offering Statement or the Final Amended Offering Circular. There are no off-balance sheet arrangements (as defined in Regulation S-K Item 303(a)(4)(ii)) that may have a material current or future effect on the Company's financial condition, changes in financial condition, results of operations, liquidity, capital expenditures or capital resources.
(s) Adeptus Partners, LLC (the "Accountants"), who have reported on the financial statements and schedules described in Section 3(r), are registered independent public accountants with respect to the Company as required by the Act and the Rules and Regulations and by the rules of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board. The financial statements of the Company and the related notes and schedules included in the Amended Offering Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Materials and the Final Amended Offering Circular comply as to form in all material respects with the requirements of the Act and the Rules and Regulations and present fairly the information shown therein.
(t) Since the date of the most recent financial statements of the Company included or incorporated by reference in the Amended Offering Statement and the most recent Preliminary Amended Offering Circular and prior to the Closing, other than as described or contemplated by in the Final Amended Offering Circular (A) there has not been and will not have been any material change in the capital stock of the Company or any change in the long-term debt of the Company or any dividend or distribution of any kind declared, set aside for payment, paid or made by the Company on any class of capital stock or equity interests, or any material adverse change, or any development that would reasonably be expected to result in a material adverse change, in the business, prospects, properties, management, financial position, stockholders' equity, or results of operations of the Company taken as a whole (a "Material Adverse Change"), and (B) the Company has not sustained nor does it reasonably expect to sustain any material loss or interference with its business from fire, explosion, flood or other calamity, whether or not covered by insurance, or from any labor disturbance or dispute or any action, order or decree of any court or arbitrator or governmental or regulatory authority, except in each case as otherwise disclosed in the Amended Offering Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Materials and the Final Amended Offering Circular.
(u) Since the date as of which information is given in the most recent Preliminary Amended Offering Circular, other than as described or contemplated in the most recent Preliminary Amended Offering Circular, the Company has not entered, nor will before the Closing enter, into any transaction or agreement, not in the ordinary course of business, that is material to the Company or incurred or will incur any liability or obligation, direct or contingent, not in the ordinary course of business, that is material to the Company, in each case except as disclosed in the Final Amended Offering Circular, and the Company has no plans to do any of the foregoing.
(v) The Company has good and valid title in fee simple to all items of real property and good and valid title to all personal property described in the Amended Offering Statement or the Final Amended Offering Circular as being owned by it, in each case free and clear of all liens, encumbrances and claims except those that (1) do not materially interfere with the use made and proposed to be made of such property by the Company, or (2) would not reasonably be expected, individually or in the aggregate, to have a Material Adverse Effect. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Selling Agent understands and acknowledges that the Company has granted a security interest over the assets of the Company pursuant to a security agreement to secure the outstanding convertible debentures issued by the Company as disclosed in the Amended Offering Statement or the Final Amended Offering Circular. Any real property described in the Amended Offering Statement or the Final Amended Offering Circular as being leased by the Company that is material to the business of the Company is held by it under valid, existing and enforceable leases, except those that (A) do not materially interfere with the use made or proposed to be made of such property by the Company, or (B) would not be reasonably expected, individually or in the aggregate, to have a Material Adverse Effect.
(w) There are no legal, governmental or regulatory actions, suits or proceedings pending, either domestic or foreign, to which the Company is a party or to which any property of the Company is the subject, nor are there, to the Company's knowledge, any threatened legal, governmental or regulatory investigations, either domestic or foreign, involving the Company or any property of the Company that, individually or in the aggregate, if determined adversely to the Company, would reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect or materially and adversely affect the ability of the Company to perform its obligations under this Agreement; to the Company's knowledge, no such actions, suits or proceedings are threatened or contemplated by any governmental or regulatory authority or threatened by others.
(x) The Company has, and at the Closing Date will have, (1) all governmental licenses, permits, consents, orders, approvals and other authorizations necessary to carry on its business as presently conducted except where the failure to have such governmental licenses, permits, consents, orders, approvals and other authorizations would not be reasonably expected to have a Material Adverse Effect, and (2) performed all its obligations required to be performed, and is not, and at the Closing Date will not be, in default, under any indenture, mortgage, deed of trust, voting trust agreement, loan agreement, bond, debenture, note agreement, lease, contract or other agreement or instrument (collectively, a "contract or other agreement") to which it is a party or by which its property is bound or affected except as would not have a Material Adverse Effect or as disclosed in the Final Amended Offering Circular, and, to the Company's knowledge, no other party under any material contract or other material agreement to which it is a party is in default in any respect thereunder. The Company is not in violation of any provision of its organizational or governing documents.
(y) The Company has obtained all authorizations, approvals, consents, licenses, orders, registrations, exemptions, qualifications or decrees of, any court or governmental authority or agency or any sub-division thereof that is required for the performance by the Company of its obligations hereunder, in connection with the Offering, issuance or sale of the Shares under this Agreement or the consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, except such as may be required by the securities or Blue Sky laws of the various states or foreign jurisdictions or the rules and regulations of FINRA in connection with the offer and sale of the Shares.
(z) There is no actual or, to the knowledge of the Company, threatened, enforcement action or investigation by any governmental authority that has jurisdiction over the Company, and the Company has received no notice of any pending or threatened claim or investigation against the Company that would provide a legal basis for any enforcement action, and the Company has no reason to believe that any governmental authority is considering such action, in each case other than those accurately described in all material respects in the Final Amended Offering Circular or that would not reasonably be expected to, singly or in the aggregate, have a Material Adverse Effect or adversely and materially affect the power or ability of the Company to perform its obligations under this Agreement or to consummate the transactions contemplated hereby.
(aa) Neither the execution of this Agreement, nor the issuance, offering or sale of the Shares (including Shares previously offered and sold pursuant to the Original Agreement), nor the consummation of any of the transactions contemplated herein (i) will conflict with, or will result in a breach of, any of the terms and provisions of, or has constituted or will constitute a default under any contract or other agreement to which the Company may be bound or to which any of the property or assets of the Company is subject (ii) has resulted in or will result in the creation or imposition of any lien, charge or encumbrance upon any property or assets of the Company, or (iii) result in any violation of (1) the provisions of the organizational or governing documents of the Company, or (2) any statute or any order, rule or regulation applicable to the Company or of any court or of any federal, state or other regulatory authority or other government body having jurisdiction over the Company or any Subsidiary, except in each case with respect to clauses (i) and (ii) only, would not have be reasonably expected to have, in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect.
(bb) There is no document or contract of a character required to be described in the Amended Offering Statement or the Final Amended Offering Circular or to be filed as an exhibit to the Amended Offering Statement which is not described or filed as required. All such contracts to which the Company is a party have been duly authorized, executed and delivered by the Company, and constitute valid and binding agreements of the Company, and are enforceable against the Company in accordance with the terms thereof, subject to the effect of applicable bankruptcy, insolvency or similar laws affecting creditors' rights generally and equitable principles of general applicability and except for limitations on enforceability of indemnity provisions under federal and state laws. None of these contracts have been suspended or terminated for convenience or default by the Company or any of the other parties thereto, and the Company has not received notice of any such pending or threatened suspension or termination.
(cc) The Company and its directors, officers or controlling persons have not taken, directly or indirectly, any action intended, or which might reasonably be expected, to cause or result, under the Act or otherwise, in, or which has constituted, stabilization or manipulation of the price of any security of the Company to facilitate the sale or resale of the Company's Common Stock.
(dd) Other than as previously disclosed to the Selling Agent in writing, neither the Company nor, to the Company's knowledge, any person acting on behalf of the Company, has and, except in consultation with the Selling Agent, will publish, advertise or otherwise make any announcements concerning the distribution of the Shares, and the Company has not and will not conduct road shows, seminars or similar activities relating to the distribution of the Shares nor has it taken or will it take any other action for the purpose of, or that could reasonably be expected to have the effect of, preparing the market, or creating demand, for the Shares.
(ee) No holder of securities of the Company has rights to the registration of any securities of the Company as a result of the filing of the Amended Offering Statement or the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, except for such rights as have been waived or as are described in the Amended Offering Statement.
(ff) No labor dispute with the employees of the Company exists or, to the knowledge of the Company, is threatened, and the Company is not aware of any existing or threatened labor disturbance by the employees of any of its principal suppliers, manufacturers, customers or contractors, except in each case as would not be reasonably expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.
(gg) The Company: (i) is and has been in material compliance with all laws, to the extent applicable, and the regulations promulgated pursuant to such laws, and all other local, state, federal, national, supranational and foreign laws, provisions, policies and administrative guidance relating to the regulation of the Company, except for such non-compliance as would not be reasonably expected, individually or in the aggregate, to have a Material Adverse Effect; (ii) has not received notice of any ongoing claim, action, suit, proceeding, hearing, enforcement, investigation, arbitration or other action from any regulatory agency or third party alleging that any product operation or activity is in material violation of any laws and has no knowledge that any such regulatory agency or third party is considering any such claim, litigation, arbitration, action, suit, investigation or proceeding; and (iii) is not a party to any corporate integrity agreement, deferred prosecution agreement, monitoring agreement, consent decree, settlement order, or similar agreements, or has any reporting obligations pursuant to any such agreement, plan or correction or other remedial measure entered into with any governmental authority, except in the case of (ii) or (iii) as would not be reasonably expected, individually or in the aggregate, to have a Material Adverse Effect.
(hh) The business and operations of the Company have been and are being conducted in compliance with all applicable laws, ordinances, rules, regulations, licenses, permits, approvals, plans, authorizations or requirements relating to occupational safety and health, or pollution, or protection of health or the environment (including, without limitation, those relating to emissions, discharges, releases or threatened releases of pollutants, contaminants or hazardous or toxic substances, materials or wastes into ambient air, surface water, groundwater or land, or relating to the manufacture, processing, distribution, use, treatment, storage, disposal, transport or handling of chemical substances, pollutants, contaminants or hazardous or toxic substances, materials or wastes, whether solid, gaseous or liquid in nature) of any governmental department, commission, board, bureau, agency or instrumentality of the United States, any state or political subdivision thereof, or any foreign jurisdiction ("Environmental Laws"), and all applicable judicial or administrative agency or regulatory decrees, awards, judgments and orders relating thereto, except where the failure to be in such compliance would not be reasonably expected, individually or in the aggregate, to have a Material Adverse Effect; and the Company has not received any notice from any governmental instrumentality or any third party alleging any material violation thereof or liability thereunder (including, without limitation, liability for costs of investigating or remediating sites containing hazardous substances and/or damages to natural resources).
(ii) There has been no storage, generation, transportation, use, handling, treatment, Release (as defined below) or threat of Release of Hazardous Materials (as defined below) by or caused by the Company (or, to the knowledge of the Company, any other entity (including any predecessor) for whose acts or omissions the Company is or could reasonably be expected to be liable) at, on, under or from any property or facility now or previously owned, operated or leased by the Company, or at, on, under or from any other property or facility, in violation of any Environmental Laws or in a manner or amount or to a location that could reasonably be expected to result in any liability under any Environmental Law, except for any violation or liability which would not, individually or in the aggregate, have a Material Adverse Effect. "Hazardous Materials" means any material, chemical, substance, waste, pollutant, contaminant, compound, mixture, or constituent thereof, in any form or amount, including petroleum (including crude oil or any fraction thereof) and petroleum products, natural gas liquids, asbestos and asbestos containing materials, naturally occurring radioactive materials, brine, and drilling mud, regulated or which can give rise to liability under any Environmental Law. "Release" means any spilling, leaking, seepage, pumping, pouring, emitting, emptying, discharging, injecting, escaping, leaching, dumping, disposing, depositing, dispersing, or migrating in, into or through the environment, or in, into from or through any building or structure.
(jj) The Company owns, possesses, licenses or has other adequate rights to use, on reasonable terms, all patents, patent applications, trade and service marks, trade and service mark registrations, trade names, copyrights, licenses, inventions, trade secrets, technology, know-how and other intellectual property necessary for the conduct of the Company's business as now conducted (collectively, the "Intellectual Property"), except to the extent such failure to own, possess or have other rights to use such Intellectual Property would not result in a Material Adverse Effect.
(kk) Except as would not have, individually or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect, the Company (1) has timely filed all federal, state, provincial, local and foreign tax returns that are required to be filed by it through the date hereof, which returns are true and correct, or has received timely extensions for the filing thereof, and (2) has paid all taxes, assessments, penalties, interest, fees and other charges due or claimed to be due from the Company, other than (A) any such amounts being contested in good faith and by appropriate proceedings and for which adequate reserves have been provided in accordance with GAAP, or (B) any such amounts currently payable without penalty or interest. There are no tax audits or investigations pending, which if adversely determined could have a Material Adverse Effect; nor to the knowledge of the Company is there any proposed additional tax assessments against the Company which could have, individually or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect. No transaction, stamp, capital or other issuance, registration, transaction, transfer or withholding tax or duty is payable by or on behalf of the Selling Agent to any foreign government outside the United States or any political subdivision thereof or any authority or agency thereof or therein having the power to tax in connection with (i) the issuance, sale and delivery of the Shares by the Company; (ii) the purchase from the Company, and the initial sale and delivery of the Shares to purchasers thereof; or (iii) the execution and delivery of this Agreement or any other document to be furnished hereunder.
(ll) On the Closing Date, all stock transfer or other taxes (other than income taxes) which are required to be paid in connection with the sale and transfer of the Shares to be issued and sold on such Closing Date will be, or will have been, fully paid or provided for by the Company and all laws imposing such taxes will be or will have been fully complied with.
(mm) The Company is insured with insurers with appropriately rated claims paying abilities against such losses and risks and in such amounts as are prudent and customary for the business in which it is engaged; all policies of insurance and fidelity or surety bonds insuring the Company or its business, assets, employees, officers and directors are in full force and effect; and there are no claims by the Company under any such policy or instrument as to which any insurance company is denying liability or defending under a reservation of rights clause; the Company has not been refused any insurance coverage sought or applied for and has no reason to believe that it will not be able to renew its existing insurance coverage as and when such coverage expires or to obtain similar coverage from similar insurers as may be necessary to continue its business at a cost that is not materially greater than the current cost. The Company has obtained director's and officer's insurance in such amounts as is customary for a similarly situated company engaging in an initial public offering of securities.
(nn) Neither the Company, nor any director, officer, agent or employee of the Company has directly or indirectly, (1) made any unlawful contribution to any federal, state, local and foreign candidate for public office, or failed to disclose fully any contribution in violation of law, (2) made any payment to any federal, state, local and foreign governmental officer or official, or other person charged with similar public or quasi-public duties, other than payments required or permitted by the laws of the United States or any jurisdiction thereof, (3) violated or is in violation of any provisions of the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977, or (4) made any bribe, rebate, payoff, influence payment, kickback or other unlawful payment.
(oo) The operations of the Company is and has been conducted at all times in compliance in all material respects with applicable financial recordkeeping and reporting requirements of the Currency and Foreign Transactions Reporting Act of 1970, as amended, the money laundering statutes of all jurisdictions, the rules and regulations thereunder and any related or similar rules, regulations or guidelines, issued, administered or enforced by any governmental agency (collectively, the "Money Laundering Laws") and no material action, suit or proceeding by or before any court or governmental agency, authority or body or any arbitrator involving the Company with respect to the Money Laundering Laws is pending or, to the knowledge of the Company, threatened.
(pp) Neither the Company nor, to the knowledge of the Company, any director, officer, agent or employee of the Company is currently subject to any U.S. sanctions (the "Sanctions Regulations") administered by the Office of Foreign Assets Control of the U.S. Treasury Department ("OFAC"); and the Company will not directly or indirectly use the net proceeds of the offering, or lend, contribute or otherwise make available such net proceeds to any subsidiary, joint venture partner or other person or entity, for the purpose of financing the activities of any person currently subject to any U.S. sanctions administered by OFAC or listed on the OFAC Specially Designated Nationals and Blocked Persons List. Neither the Company nor, to the knowledge of the Company, any director, officer, agent or employee of the Company, is named on any denied party or entity list administered by the Bureau of Industry and Security of the U.S. Department of Commerce pursuant to the Export Administration Regulations ("EAR"); and the Company will not, directly or indirectly, use the proceeds of the offering of the Shares hereunder, or lend, contribute or otherwise make available such proceeds to any person or entity, for the purpose of financing the activities of any person currently subject to any Sanctions Regulations or to support activities in or with countries sanctioned by said authorities, or for engaging in transactions that violate the EAR.
(qq) The Company has not distributed and, prior to the later to occur of the last Closing Date and completion of the distribution of the Shares, will not distribute any offering material in connection with the offer and sale of the Shares other than each Preliminary Amended Offering Circular, the Pricing Disclosure Materials and the Final Amended Offering Circular, or such other materials as to which the Selling Agent shall have consented in writing.
(rr) Each employee benefit plan, within the meaning of Section 3(3) of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended ("ERISA"), and all stock purchase, stock option, stock-based severance, employment, change-in-control, medical, disability, fringe benefit, bonus, incentive, deferred compensation, employee loan and all other employee benefit plans, agreements, programs, policies or other arrangements, whether or not subject to ERISA, that is maintained, administered or contributed to by the Company or any of its affiliates for employees or former employees, directors or independent contractors of the Company, or under which the Company has had or has any present or future obligation or liability, has been maintained in material compliance with its terms and the requirements of any applicable federal, state, local and foreign laws, statutes, orders, rules and regulations, including but not limited to ERISA and the Internal Revenue Code (the "Code"); no prohibited transaction, within the meaning of Section 406 of ERISA or Section 4975 of the Code, has occurred which would result in a material liability to the Company with respect to any such plan excluding transactions effected pursuant to a statutory or administrative exemption; no event has occurred (including a "reportable event" as such term is defined in Section 4043 of ERISA) and no condition exists that would subject the Company to any material tax, fine, lien, penalty, or liability imposed by ERISA, the Code or other applicable law; and for each such plan that is subject to the funding rules of Section 412 of the Code or Section 302 of ERISA, no "accumulated funding deficiency" as defined in Section 412 of the Code has been incurred, whether or not waived, and the fair market value of the assets of each such plan (excluding for these purposes accrued but unpaid contributions) exceeds the present value of all benefits accrued under such plan determined using reasonable actuarial assumptions.
(ss) No relationship, direct or indirect, exists between or among the Company, on the one hand, and the directors, officers, stockholders, customers or suppliers of the Company, on the other, which would be required to be disclosed in the Amended Offering Statement, the Preliminary Amended Offering Circular and the Final Amended Offering Circular and is not so disclosed.
(tt) The Company has not sold or issued any securities that would be integrated with the Offering of the Shares contemplated by this Agreement pursuant to the Act, the Rules and Regulations or the interpretations thereof by the Commission or that would fail to come within the safe harbor for integration under Regulation A and/or Rule 152 of the Act.
(uu) To the knowledge of the Company, there are no affiliations with FINRA among the Company's directors, officers or any five percent or greater stockholder of the Company, on an as converted basis, or any beneficial owner of the Company's unregistered equity securities that were acquired during the 180-day period immediately preceding the initial filing date of the Amended Offering Statement.
(vv) Except as set forth in or contemplated by this Agreement (including in connection with any Dealer), there are no contracts, agreements or understandings between the Company and any person that would give rise to a valid claim against the Company or the Selling Agent for a brokerage commission, finder's fee or other like payment in connection with the Offering of the Shares.
(xx) There are no outstanding loans, advances (except normal advances for business expenses in the ordinary course of business) or guarantees of indebtedness by the Company to or for the benefit of any of the officers or directors of the Company or any of their respective family members. The Company has not directly or indirectly extended or maintained credit, arranged for the extension of credit, or renewed any extension of credit, in the form of a personal loan to or for any director or executive officer of the Company or any of their respective related interests, other than any extensions of credit that ceased to be outstanding prior to the initial filing of the Amended Offering Statement. No transaction has occurred between or among the Company and any of its officers or directors, stockholders, customers, suppliers or any affiliate or affiliates of the foregoing that is required to be described or filed as an exhibit to in the Amended Offering Statement, the Preliminary Amended Offering Circular, the Pricing Disclosure Materials or the Final Amended Offering Circular and is not so described.
(yy) The Company has the power to submit, and pursuant to Section 13 of this Agreement, has legally, validly, effectively and irrevocably submitted, to the personal jurisdiction of each United States federal court and New York state court located in the Borough of Manhattan, in the City of New York, New York, U.S.A. (each, a "New York Court").
4. Agreements of the Company
(a) The Amended Offering Statement has become qualified, and the Company will file the Final Amended Offering Circular, subject to the prior approval of the Selling Agent, pursuant to Rule 253 and Regulation A, within the prescribed time period and will provide a copy of such filing to the Selling Agent promptly following such filing.
(b) The Company will not, during such period as the Final Amended Offering Circular would be required by law to be delivered in connection with sales of the Shares by the Selling Agent or any Dealer in connection with the Offering contemplated by this Agreement (whether physically or through compliance with Rules 251 and 254 under the Act or any similar rule(s)), file any amendment or supplement to the Amended Offering Statement or the Final Amended Offering Circular unless a copy thereof shall first have been submitted to the Selling Agent within a reasonable period of time prior to the filing thereof and the Selling Agent shall not have reasonably objected thereto in good faith.
(c) The Company will notify the Selling Agent promptly, and will, if requested, confirm such notification in writing: (1) when any amendment to the Amended Offering Statement is filed; (2) of any request by the Commission for any amendments to the Amended Offering Statement or any amendment or supplements to the Final Amended Offering Circular or for additional information; (3) of the issuance by the Commission of any stop order preventing or suspending the qualification of the Amended Offering Statement or the Final Amended Offering Circular, or the initiation of any proceedings for that purpose or the threat thereof; (4) of becoming aware of the occurrence of any event that in the judgment of the Company makes any statement made in the Amended Offering Statement, the Preliminary Amended Offering Circular, the Pricing Disclosure Materials or the Final Amended Offering Circular untrue in any material respect or that requires the making of any changes in the Amended Offering Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Materials or the Final Amended Offering Circular in order to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances in which they are made, not misleading; and (5) of receipt by the Company of any notification with respect to any suspension of the qualification or exemption from registration of the Shares for offer and sale in any jurisdiction. If at any time the Commission shall issue any order suspending the qualification of the Amended Offering Statement in connection with the Offering contemplated hereby or in connection with sales of Shares pursuant to market making activities by the Selling Agent, the Company will make every reasonable effort to obtain the withdrawal of any such order at the earliest possible moment. If the Company has omitted any information from the Amended Offering Statement, it will use its best efforts to comply with the provisions of and make all requisite filings with the Commission pursuant to Regulation A, the Act and the Rules and Regulations and to notify the Selling Agent promptly of all such filings.
(d) If, at any time when the Final Amended Offering Circular relating to the Shares is required to be delivered under the Act, the Company becomes aware of the occurrence of any event as a result of which the Final Amended Offering Circular, as then amended or supplemented, would, in the reasonable judgment of counsel to the Company or counsel to the Selling Agent, include any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading, or the Amended Offering Statement, as then amended or supplemented, would, in the reasonable judgment of counsel to the Company or counsel to the Selling Agent, include any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements therein not misleading, or if for any other reason it is necessary, in the reasonable judgment of counsel to the Company or counsel to the Selling Agent, at any time to amend or supplement the Final Amended Offering Circular or the Amended Offering Statement to comply with the Act or the Rules and Regulations, the Company will promptly notify the Selling Agent and will promptly prepare and file with the Commission, at the Company's expense, an amendment to the Amended Offering Statement and/or an amendment or supplement to the Final Amended Offering Circular that corrects such statement and/or omission or effects such compliance and will deliver to the Selling Agent, without charge, such number of copies thereof as the Selling Agent may reasonably request. The Company consents to the use of the Final Amended Offering Circular or any amendment or supplement thereto by the Selling Agent, and the Selling Agent agree to provide to each Investor, prior to the Closing, a copy of the Final Amended Offering Circular and any amendments or supplements thereto.
(e) The Company will furnish to the Selling Agent and their counsel, upon request and without charge (i) one conformed copy of the Amended Offering Statement as originally filed with the Commission and each amendment thereto, including financial statements and schedules, and all exhibits thereto, and (ii) so long as an offering circular relating to the Shares is required to be delivered under the Act or the Rules and Regulations, as many copies of each Preliminary Amended Offering Circular or the Final Amended Offering Circular or any amendment or supplement thereto as the Selling Agent may reasonably request in a typeset electronic version.
(f) The Company will use its commercially reasonable efforts to ensure that the Shares are listed for trading on the NYSE American upon approval of the listing application that the Company intends to file with the NYSE American.
(g) The Company has caused each of its directors, executive officers and certain stockholders to enter into a pooling agreement (the "Pooling Agreement"), with the Company, which imposes contractual resale restrictions on the "pooled securities" as set forth in the respective Pooling Agreement filed as Exhibits 6.39 and 6.40 to the Amended Offering Statement.
(h) Prior to the sale of the Shares to the Investors, the Company will cooperate with the Selling Agent and its counsel in connection with the registration or qualification, or exemption therefrom, of the Shares for offer and sale under the state securities or Blue Sky laws of such jurisdictions as the Selling Agent may reasonably request; provided, that in no event shall the Company be obligated to qualify to do business in any jurisdiction where it is not now so qualified or to take any action which would subject it to general service of process in any jurisdiction where it is not now so subject.
(i) The Company will apply the net proceeds from the offer and sale of the Shares substantially in the manner set forth in the Final Amended Offering Circular under the caption "Use of Proceeds."
(j) The Company will not at any time, directly or indirectly, take any action intended, or which might reasonably be expected, to cause or result in, or which will constitute, stabilization of the price of any of the Shares to facilitate the sale or resale of any of the Shares.
5. Representations and Warranties of the Selling Agent; Agreements of the Selling Agent. The Selling Agent represents and warrants and covenants to the Company that:
(a) The Selling Agent agree that they shall not include any "issuer information" (as defined in Rule 433 under the Act) in any Written Testing-the-Waters Communication used or referred to by such Selling Agent without the prior consent of the Company (any such issuer information with respect to whose use the Company has given its consent, "Permitted Issuer Information").
(b) Neither the Selling Agent nor any Dealer, nor any managing member of the Selling Agent or any Dealer, nor any director or executive officer of the Selling Agent or any Dealer or other officer of the Selling Agent or any Dealer participating in the Offering of the Shares is subject to the disqualification provisions of Rule 262 of the Rules and Regulations. No registered representative of the Selling Agent or any Dealer, or any other person being compensated by or through the Selling Agent or any Dealer for the solicitation of Investors, is subject to the disqualification provisions of Rule 262 of the Rules and Regulations.
(c) The Selling Agent and each Dealer are members of FINRA and each of them and their respective employees and representatives have all required licenses and registrations to act under this Agreement, and each shall remain a member or duly licensed, as the case may be, during the Offering.
(d) Except for Participating Dealer Agreements, no agreement will be made by the Selling Agent with any person permitting the resale, repurchase or distribution of any Shares purchased by such person.
(e) Except as otherwise consented to by the Company, the Selling Agent have not and will not use or distribute any written offering materials other than the Preliminary Amended Offering Circular, Pricing Disclosure Materials and the Final Amended Offering Circular, and shall only distribute the most current Offering Circular (whether Preliminary or Final) as of the date of such distribution. The Selling Agent have not and will not use any "broker-dealer use only" materials with members of the public or has not and will not make any unauthorized verbal representations or verbal representations which contradict or are inconsistent with the statements made in the most current Offering Circular (whether Preliminary or Final) as of the date of such verbal representations in connection with offers or sales of the Shares.
6. Expenses.
(a) Under the terms of the Original Agreement, the Company paid the Selling Agent an accountable due diligence fee of $25,000, with the agreement that this payment would be reimbursed to the Company to the extent not actually incurred, in compliance with FINRA Rule 5110(g)(4)(a). Under the terms of the Agreement, the Company shall be responsible for and pay all costs and expenses incident to the performance of the obligations of the Company under this Agreement, including but not limited to costs and expenses of or relating to (i) the preparation, printing and filing of the Amended Offering Statement (including each and every amendment thereto) and exhibits thereto, each Preliminary Amended Offering Circular, the Pricing Disclosure Materials, the Final Amended Offering Circular and any amendments or supplements thereto, including all fees, disbursements and other charges of counsel and accountants to the Company, (ii) the preparation and delivery of certificates representing the Shares (if any), (iii) furnishing (including costs of shipping and mailing) such copies of the Amended Offering Statement (including each and every amendment thereto), each Preliminary Amended Offering Circular, the Pricing Disclosure Materials, the Final Amended Offering Circular, and all amendments and supplements thereto, as may be requested for use in connection with the direct placement of the Shares and market making activities of the Selling Agent, (iv) all fees and expenses in connection with listing the Shares, if applicable, (v) any filings required to be made by the Selling Agent with FINRA, and the fees, disbursements and other charges in connection therewith, and in connection with any required review by FINRA, (vi) the registration or qualification of the Shares for offer and sale under the securities or Blue Sky laws of such jurisdictions designated pursuant to Section 4(h), including the fees, disbursements and other charges of counsel in connection therewith, and the preparation and printing of preliminary, supplemental and final Blue Sky memoranda, (vii) all fees, expenses and disbursements relating to background checks of the Company's officers and directors, by a background search firm acceptable to the Selling Agent, (viii) all transfer taxes, if any, with respect to the sale and delivery of the Shares by the Company to the Investors, (ix) fees and disbursements of the Accountants incurred in delivering the letter(s) described in Section 7(f) of this Agreement, (xi) the fees and expenses of the Escrow Agents, and (xii) the reasonable fees of counsel to the Selling Agent in connection with the Offering up to a maximum of $100,000, $25,000 of which was paid upon the signing of the Second Amendment to the Engagement Letter by and between the Company and the Selling Agent dated August 7, 2025. This $25,000 advance payment fees of counsel of the Selling Agent shall be reimbursed to the Company to the extent not actually incurred, in compliance with FINRA Rule 5110(g)(4)(a).
7. Conditions of the Obligations of the Selling Agent. The obligations of the Selling Agent hereunder are subject to the following conditions:
(a) (i) No stop order suspending the qualification of the Amended Offering Statement shall have been issued, and no proceedings for that purpose shall be pending or threatened by any securities or other governmental authority (including, without limitation, the Commission), (ii) no order suspending the effectiveness of the Amended Offering Statement or the qualification or exemption of the Shares under the securities or Blue Sky laws of any jurisdiction shall be in effect and no proceeding for such purpose shall be pending before, or threatened or contemplated by, any securities or other governmental authority (including, without limitation, the Commission), (iii) any request for additional information on the part of the staff of any securities or other governmental authority (including, without limitation, the Commission) shall have been complied with to the satisfaction of the staff of the Commission or such authorities and (iv) after the date hereof no amendment or supplement to the Amended Offering Statement or the Final Amended Offering Circular shall have been filed unless a copy thereof was first submitted to the Selling Agent and the Selling Agent did not object thereto in good faith, and the Selling Agent shall have received certificates of the Company, dated as of the Closing Date and signed by the Chief Executive Officer of the Company, and the Chief Financial Officer of the Company, to the effect of clauses (i), (ii) and (iii).
(b) Since the respective dates as of which information is given in the Amended Offering Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Materials and the Final Amended Offering Circular, (i) there shall not have been a Material Adverse Change, whether or not arising from transactions in the ordinary course of business, in each case other than as set forth in or contemplated by the Amended Offering Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Materials and the Final Amended Offering Circular and (ii) the Company shall not have sustained any material loss or interference with its business or properties from fire, explosion, flood or other casualty, whether or not covered by insurance, or from any labor dispute or any court or legislative or other governmental action, order or decree, which is not set forth in the Amended Offering Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Materials and the Final Amended Offering Circular, if in the reasonable judgment of the Selling Agent any such development makes it impracticable or inadvisable to consummate the sale and delivery of the Shares to Investors as contemplated hereby.
(c) Since the respective dates as of which information is given in the Amended Offering Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Materials and the Final Amended Offering Circular, there shall have been no litigation or other proceeding instituted against the Company or any of its officers or directors in their capacities as such, before or by any federal, state or local or foreign court, commission, regulatory body, administrative agency or other governmental body, domestic or foreign, which litigation or proceeding, in the reasonable judgment of the Selling Agent, would reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.
(d) Each of the representations and warranties of the Company contained herein shall be true and correct as of the Closing Date in all respects for those representations and warranties qualified by materiality and in all material respects for those representations and warranties that are not qualified by materiality, as if made on such date, and all covenants and agreements herein contained to be performed on the part of the Company and all conditions herein contained to be fulfilled or complied with by the Company at or prior to such Closing Date shall have been duly performed, fulfilled or complied with in all material respects.
(e) The Selling Agent shall have received (i) an opinion and a negative assurances letter, dated as of the Closing, of counsel to the Company in form and substance reasonably acceptable to the Selling Agent, in substantially the form attached hereto as Exhibit B.
(f) At the Closing, the Accountants shall have furnished to the Selling Agent a letter, dated the date of its delivery (the "Comfort Letter"), addressed to the Selling Agent and in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Selling Agent containing statements and information of the type ordinarily included in accountants' "comfort letters" to Selling Agent with respect to the financial statements and certain financial information contained in the Amended Offering Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Materials and the Final Amended Offering Circular.
(g) At the Closing, there shall be furnished to the Selling Agent a certificate, dated the date of its delivery, signed by each of the Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer of the Company, in form and substance satisfactory to the Selling Agent to the effect that each signer has carefully examined the Amended Offering Statement, the Final Amended Offering Circular and the Pricing Disclosure Materials, and that to each of such person's knowledge:
(i) (1) As of the date of such certificate, (x) the Amended Offering Statement does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements therein not misleading and (y) neither the Final Amended Offering Circular nor the Pricing Disclosure Materials contains any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading and (2) no event has occurred as a result of which it is necessary to amend or supplement the Final Amended Offering Circular in order to make the statements therein not untrue or misleading in any material respect.
(ii) Each of the representations and warranties of the Company contained in this Agreement were, when originally made, and are, at the time such certificate is delivered, true and correct in all respects for those representations and warranties qualified by materiality and in all material respects for those representations and warranties that are not qualified by materiality.
(iii) Each of the covenants required herein to be performed by the Company on or prior to the date of such certificate has been duly, timely and fully performed and each condition herein required to be complied with by the Company on or prior to the delivery of such certificate has been duly, timely and fully complied with.
(iv) No stop order suspending the qualification of the Amended Offering Statement or of any part thereof has been issued and no proceedings for that purpose have been instituted or are contemplated by the Commission.
(v) Subsequent to the date of the most recent financial statements in the Amended Offering Statement and in the Final Amended Offering Circular, there has been no Material Adverse Change.
(h) The Company shall have furnished or caused to be furnished to the Selling Agent such certificates, in addition to those specifically mentioned herein, as the Selling Agent may have reasonably requested as to the accuracy and completeness at the Closing and quarterly thereafter through the termination of the Offering of any statement in the Amended Offering Statement, the Preliminary Amended Offering Circular, the Pricing Disclosure Materials or the Final Amended Offering Circular, as to the accuracy on such date of the representations and warranties of the Company as to the performance by the Company of its obligations hereunder, or as to the fulfillment of the conditions concurrent and precedent to the obligations hereunder of the Selling Agent.
(i) As of the Closing Date, the Shares shall have been approved for listing upon notice of issuance on the NYSE American.
(j) [intentionally omitted]
(k) The Company shall have furnished or caused to be furnished to the Selling Agent at the Closing and quarterly thereafter through the termination of the Offering satisfactory evidence of the good standing of the Company in its jurisdiction of organization and its good standing as a foreign entity in such other jurisdictions as the Selling Agent may reasonably request, in each case in writing or any standard form of telecommunication from the appropriate governmental authorities of such jurisdictions.
(l) FINRA shall not have raised any objection with respect to the fairness or reasonableness of the plan of distribution, or other arrangements of the transactions, contemplated hereby.
(m) On or after the Applicable Time there shall not have occurred any of the following: (i) a suspension or material limitation in trading in securities generally on the New York Stock Exchange, Inc., NYSE American or The Nasdaq Stock Market, LLC; (ii) a general moratorium on commercial banking activities declared by either Federal or New York authorities or a material disruption in commercial banking or securities settlement or clearance services in the United States; (iii) the outbreak or escalation of hostilities involving the United States or the declaration by the United States of a national emergency or war, or (iv) the occurrence of any other calamity or crisis or any change in financial, political or economic conditions in the United States or elsewhere, if the effect of any such event specified in clause (iii) or (iv) in the judgment of the Selling Agent makes it impracticable or inadvisable to proceed with the Offering or the delivery of the Shares being delivered on any Closing Date on the terms and in the manner contemplated in the Final Amended Offering Circular.
8. Indemnification.
(a) The Company shall indemnify, defend and hold harmless the Selling Agent and each of the Dealers, and each of their respective directors, officers, employees and agents and each person, if any, who controls any Selling Agent within the meaning of Section 15 of the Act or Section 20 of the Exchange Act (each a "Selling Agent Indemnified Party"), from and against any and all losses, claims, liabilities, expenses and damages, joint or several (including any and all investigative, legal and other expenses reasonably incurred in connection with, and any amount paid in settlement of, any action, suit or proceeding or any claim asserted (whether or not such Selling Agent Indemnified Party is a party thereto)), to which any of them, may become subject under the Act or other Federal or state statutory law or regulation, at common law or otherwise, insofar as such losses, claims, liabilities, expenses or damages arise out of or are based on (i) any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement made by the Company in Section 3 of this Agreement, (ii) any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of any material fact contained in (1) any Preliminary Amended Offering Circular, the Amended Offering Statement or the Final Amended Offering Circular or any amendment or supplement thereto, (2) the Pricing Disclosure Materials, or (3) any application or other document, or any amendment or supplement thereto, executed by the Company based upon written information furnished by or on behalf of the Company filed in any jurisdiction in order to qualify the Shares under the securities or Blue Sky laws thereof or filed with the Commission or any securities association or securities exchange (each, an "Application"), or (iii) the omission or alleged omission to state in any Preliminary Amended Offering Circular, the Amended Offering Statement, the Final Amended Offering Circular or the Pricing Disclosure Materials, or any amendment or supplement thereto, or in any Permitted Issuer Information or any Application a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances in which they were made, not misleading; provided, however, that the Company will not be liable to the extent that such loss, claim, liability, expense or damage arises from the sale of the Shares in the Offering to any person and is based solely on an untrue statement or omission or alleged untrue statement or omission made in reliance on and in conformity with written information furnished to the Company by any Selling Agent Indemnified Party through the Selling Agent expressly for inclusion in the Amended Offering Statement, any Preliminary Amended Offering Circular or the Final Amended Offering Circular, or in any amendment or supplement thereto or in any Application, it being understood and agreed that the only such information furnished by any Selling Agent Indemnified Party consists of the information described as such in subsection (b) below. The indemnification obligations under this Section 8(a) are not exclusive and will be in addition to any liability which the Company might otherwise have and shall not limit any rights or remedies which may otherwise be available at law or in equity to each Selling Agent Indemnified Party.
(b) The Selling Agent will, severally and not jointly, indemnify, defend and hold harmless the Company and its officers against any losses, claims, damages or liabilities to which the Company may become subject, under the Act or otherwise, insofar as such losses, claims, damages or liabilities (or actions in respect thereof) that (i) arise out of or are based upon any untrue statement made by the Selling Agent in Section 5 of this Agreement, (ii) arise out of or are based upon any failure or alleged failure of the Selling Agent to pay any compensation to a Dealer or Dealers, (iii) arise out of or are based solely upon an untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of a material fact made by the Selling Agent contained in the Amended Offering Statement, any Preliminary Amended Offering Circular or the Final Amended Offering Circular, or any amendment or supplement thereto, or (iv) arise out of or are based solely upon the omission or alleged omission by the Selling Agent to state a material fact required to be stated in the Amended Offering Statement, any Preliminary Amended Offering Circular or the Final Amended Offering Circular or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading, in each case to the extent, but only to the extent, that such untrue statement or alleged untrue statement or omission or alleged omission was made in the Amended Offering Statement, any Preliminary Amended Offering Circular or the Final Amended Offering Circular, or any amendment or supplement thereto, in reliance upon and in conformity with written information furnished to the Company by the Selling Agent expressly for use therein; and will reimburse the Company for any legal or other expenses reasonably incurred by the Company in connection with investigating or defending any such action or claim as such expenses are incurred. The Company acknowledges that, for all purposes under this Agreement, the statements set forth in the paragraphs under the caption "Plan of Distribution" in any Preliminary Amended Offering Circular and the Final Amended Offering Circular constitute the only information relating to the Selling Agent furnished in writing to the Company by the Selling Agent expressly for inclusion in the Amended Offering Statement, any Preliminary Amended Offering Circular or the Final Amended Offering Circular. In no event shall the Selling Agent indemnify the Company for any amounts in excess of the fees actually received by Selling Agent pursuant to the terms of this Agreement.
(c) Promptly after receipt by an indemnified party under subsection (a) or (b) above of notice of the commencement of any action, such indemnified party shall, if a claim in respect thereof is to be made against the indemnifying party under such subsection, notify the indemnifying party in writing of the commencement thereof; but the omission so to notify the indemnifying party shall not relieve it from any liability which it may have to any indemnified party otherwise than under such subsection. In case any such action shall be brought against any indemnified party and it shall notify the indemnifying party of the commencement thereof, the indemnifying party shall be entitled to participate therein and, to the extent that it shall wish, jointly with any other indemnifying party similarly notified, to assume the defense thereof, with counsel reasonably satisfactory to such indemnified party (who shall not, except with the consent of the indemnified party, be counsel to the indemnifying party), and, after notice from the indemnifying party to such indemnified party of its election so to assume the defense thereof, the indemnifying party shall not be liable to such indemnified party under such subsection for any legal expenses of other counsel or any other expenses, in each case subsequently incurred by such indemnified party, in connection with the defense thereof other than reasonable costs of investigation. No indemnifying party shall, without the written consent of the indemnified party, effect the settlement or compromise of, or consent to the entry of any judgment with respect to, any pending or threatened action or claim in respect of which indemnification or contribution may be sought hereunder (whether or not the indemnified party is an actual or potential party to such action or claim) unless such settlement, compromise or judgment (i) includes an unconditional release of the indemnified party from all liability arising out of such action or claim and (ii) does not include a statement as to or an admission of fault, culpability or a failure to act, by or on behalf of any indemnified party.
(d) If the indemnification provided for in this Section 8 is unavailable or insufficient to hold harmless an indemnified party under subsection (a) or (b) above in respect of any losses, claims, damages or liabilities (or actions in respect thereof) referred to therein, then each indemnifying party shall contribute to the amount paid or payable by such indemnified party as a result of such losses, claims, damages or liabilities (or actions in respect thereof) in such proportion as is appropriate to reflect the relative benefits received by the Company on the one hand and the Selling Agent on the other from the Offering of the Shares. If, however, the allocation provided by the immediately preceding sentence is not permitted by applicable law or if the Indemnified Party failed to give the notice required under subsection (c) above, then each indemnifying party shall contribute to such amount paid or payable by such Indemnified Party in such proportion as is appropriate to reflect not only such relative benefits but also the relative fault of the Company on the one hand and the Selling Agent on the other in connection with the statements or omissions which resulted in such losses, claims, damages or liabilities (or actions in respect thereof), as well as any other relevant equitable considerations. The relative benefits received by the Company on the one hand and the Selling Agent on the other shall be deemed to be in the same proportion as the total net proceeds from the Offering (before deducting expenses) received by the Company bears to the Fee received by the Selling Agent. The relative fault shall be determined by reference to, among other things, whether the untrue or alleged untrue statement of a material fact or the omission or alleged omission to state a material fact relates to information supplied by the Company on the one hand or the Selling Agent on the other and the parties' relative intent, knowledge, access to information and opportunity to correct or prevent such statement or omission. The Company and the Selling Agent agree that it would not be just and equitable if contribution pursuant to this subsection (d) were determined by pro rata allocation or by any other method of allocation which does not take account of the equitable considerations referred to above in this subsection (d). The amount paid or payable by an indemnified party as a result of the losses, claims, damages or liabilities (or actions in respect thereof) referred to above in this subsection (d) shall be deemed to include any legal or other expenses reasonably incurred by such Indemnified Party in connection with investigating or defending any such action or claim. Notwithstanding the provisions of this subsection (d), the Selling Agent will not be required to contribute any amount in excess of the Fee received by the Selling Agent pursuant to this Agreement. No person guilty of fraudulent misrepresentation (within the meaning of Section 11(f) of the Act) shall be entitled to contribution from any person who was not guilty of such fraudulent misrepresentation.
9. Termination.
(a) The obligations of the Selling Agent under this Agreement may be terminated at any time prior to the Closing Date, by notice to the Company from the Selling Agent, without liability on the part of the Selling Agent to the Company if, prior to delivery and payment for the Shares, in the sole judgment of the Selling Agent: (i) there has occurred any material adverse change in the securities markets or any event, act or occurrence that has materially disrupted, or in the opinion of the Selling Agent, will in the future materially disrupt, the securities markets or there shall be such a material adverse change in general financial, political or economic conditions or the effect of international conditions on the financial markets in the United States is such as to make it, in the judgment of the Selling Agent, inadvisable or impracticable to market the Shares or enforce contracts for the sale of the Shares; (ii) there has occurred any outbreak of hostilities or escalation thereof or other calamity or crisis or any change or development involving a prospective change in national or international political, financial or economic conditions, including without limitation as a result of terrorist activities, such as to make it, in the judgment of the Selling Agent, inadvisable or impracticable to market the Shares or enforce contracts for the sale of the Shares; (iii) trading in the Shares or any securities of the Company has been suspended or materially limited; (iv) trading generally on the New York Stock Exchange, Inc., NYSE American or The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC has been suspended or materially limited, or minimum or maximum ranges for prices for securities shall have been fixed, or maximum ranges for prices for securities have been required, by any of said exchanges or by such system or by order of the Commission, FINRA, or any other governmental or regulatory authority; (v) a banking moratorium has been declared by any state or Federal authority; (vi) in the judgment of the Selling Agent, there has been, since the time of execution of this Agreement or since the respective dates as of which information is given in the Final Amended Offering Circular, any material adverse change in the assets, properties, condition, financial or otherwise, or in the results of operations, business affairs or business prospects of the Company and its Subsidiaries considered as a whole, whether or not arising in the ordinary course of business or (vii) there has occurred a material breach of this Agreement by the Company, which breach cannot be cured or is not cured within ten (10) days following written notice to the Company from Selling Agent of such breach.
(b) If this Agreement is terminated pursuant to this Section, such termination shall be without liability of any party to any other party except as provided in Section 6 hereof.
10. Notices. Notice given pursuant to any of the provisions of this Agreement shall be in writing and, unless otherwise specified, shall be mailed or delivered (i) if to the Company, at the office of the Company, Starfighters Space, Inc., Reusable Launch Vehicle Hangar, Hangar Rd, Cape Canaveral, FL 32920, Attention: Rick Svetkoff, with copies to McMillan LLP, Royal Centre, 1055 W. Georgia Street, Suite 1500, Vancouver, BC V6E 4N7, Attention: Michael Shannon, or (ii) if to the Selling Agent, at the office of Digital Offering, LLC, 1461 Glenneyre Street, Suite D, Laguna Beach, CA 92651, Attention: Gordon McBean, with copies to Bevilacqua PLLC, 1050 Connecticut Avenue, N.W., Suite 500, Washington, DC 20036 Attention: Lou Bevilacqua, Esq. Any such notice shall be effective only upon receipt. Any notice under Section 8 may be made by facsimile or telephone, but if so made shall be subsequently confirmed in writing.
11. Survival. The respective representations, warranties, agreements, covenants, indemnities and other statements of the Company and the Selling Agent set forth in this Agreement or made by or on behalf of them, respectively, pursuant to this Agreement shall remain in full force and effect, regardless of (i) any investigation made by or on behalf of the Company, any of its officers or directors, the Selling Agent or any controlling person referred to in Section 8 hereof and (ii) delivery of and payment for the Shares. The respective agreements, covenants, indemnities and other statements set forth in Sections 6, 7, 8 and 10 hereof shall remain in full force and effect, regardless of any termination or cancellation of this Agreement.
12. Successors. This Agreement shall inure to the benefit of and shall be binding upon the Selling Agent, the Company and their respective successors, and nothing expressed or mentioned in this Agreement is intended or shall be construed to give any other person any legal or equitable right, remedy or claim under or in respect of this Agreement, or any provisions herein contained, this Agreement and all conditions and provisions hereof being intended to be and being for the sole and exclusive benefit of such persons and for the benefit of no other person except that (i) the indemnification and contribution contained in Sections 8(a) and (d) of this Agreement shall also be for the benefit of the directors, officers, employees and agents of the Selling Agent and any person or persons who control the Selling Agent within the meaning of Section 15 of the Act or Section 20 of the Exchange Act and (ii) the indemnification and contribution contained in Sections 8(b) and (d) of this Agreement shall also be for the benefit of the directors of the Company, the officers of the Company who have signed the Amended Offering Statement and any person or persons who control the Company within the meaning of Section 15 of the Act or Section 20 of the Exchange Act. No purchaser of Shares shall be deemed a successor because of such purchase.
13. Governing Law Provisions. This Agreement shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the internal laws of the State of New York applicable to agreements made and to be performed in such state. Any legal suit, action or proceeding arising out of or based upon this Agreement or the transactions contemplated hereby ("Related Proceedings") may be instituted in the New York Courts, and each party irrevocably submits to the exclusive jurisdiction (except for proceedings instituted in regard to the enforcement of a judgment of any such court (a "Related Judgment"), as to which such jurisdiction is non-exclusive) of such courts in any such suit, action or proceeding. Service of any process, summons, notice or document by mail to such party's address set forth above shall be effective service of process for any suit, action or other proceeding brought in any such court. The parties irrevocably and unconditionally waive any objection to the laying of venue of any suit, action or other proceeding in the New York Courts and irrevocably and unconditionally waive and agree not to plead or claim in any such court that any such suit, action or other proceeding brought in any such court has been brought in an inconvenient forum.
With respect to any Related Proceeding, each party irrevocably waives, to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, all immunity (whether on the basis of sovereignty or otherwise) from jurisdiction, service of process, attachment (both before and after judgment) and execution to which it might otherwise be entitled in the New York Courts, and with respect to any Related Judgment, each party waives any such immunity in the New York Courts or any other court of competent jurisdiction, and will not raise or claim or cause to be pleaded any such immunity at or in respect of any such Related Proceeding or Related Judgment, including, without limitation, any immunity pursuant to the United States Foreign Sovereign Immunities Act of 1976, as amended.
The obligations of the Company pursuant to this Agreement in respect of any sum due to the Selling Agent shall, notwithstanding any judgment in a currency other than United States dollars, not be discharged until the first business day following receipt by the Selling Agent of any sum adjudged to be so due in such other currency, on which the Selling Agent may in accordance with normal banking procedures purchase United States dollars with such other currency. If the United States dollars so purchased are less than the sum originally due to the Selling Agent in United States dollars hereunder, the Company agrees as a separate obligation and notwithstanding any such judgment, to indemnify the Selling Agent against such loss. If the United States dollars so purchased are greater than the sum originally due to the Selling Agent hereunder, the Selling Agent agree to pay to the Company an amount equal to the excess of the dollars so purchased over the sum originally due to the Selling Agent hereunder.
14. Acknowledgement. The Company acknowledges and agrees that the Selling Agent are acting solely in the capacity of an arm's length contractual counterparty to the Company with respect to the offering of Shares contemplated hereby. Additionally, the Selling Agent are not advising the Company or any other person as to any legal, tax, investment, accounting or regulatory matters in any jurisdiction with respect to the offering contemplated hereby or the process leading thereto (irrespective of whether the Selling Agent have advised or are advising the Company on other matters). The Company has conferred with its own advisors concerning such matters and shall be responsible for making its own independent investigation and appraisal of the transactions contemplated hereby, and the Selling Agent shall have no responsibility or liability to the Company or any other person with respect thereto. The Selling Agent advise that they and their affiliates are engaged in a broad range of securities and financial services and that it or its affiliates may have business relationships or enter into contractual relationships with purchasers or potential purchasers of the Company's securities. Any review by the Selling Agent of the Company, the transactions contemplated hereby or other matters relating to such transactions will be performed solely for the benefit of the Selling Agent and shall not be on behalf of, or for the benefit of, the Company.
15. Applicable Law. The validity and interpretations of this Agreement, and the terms and conditions set forth herein, shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of New York, without giving effect to any provisions relating to conflicts of laws.
16. Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in two or more counterparts, each of which shall be deemed an original, but all of which together shall constitute one and the same instrument. A manual signature on the signature page to this Agreement, an image of which shall have been transmitted electronically, will constitute an original signature for all purposes. The delivery of copies of the signature page this Agreement or other document to be delivered pursuant to this Agreement, including executed signature pages where required, by electronic transmission will constitute effective delivery for all purposes.
17. Entire Agreement. This Agreement constitutes the entire understanding between the parties hereto as to the matters covered hereby and supersedes all prior understandings, written or oral, relating to such subject matter.
[signature page follows]
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties have executed this Agreement on the dates set forth below.
| STARFIGHTERS SPACE, INC. | ||
| By: | ||
| Name: | Rick Svetkoff | |
| Title: | Chief Executive Officer | |
| Accepted as of the date hereof: | ||
| DIGITAL OFFERING, LLC | ||
| By: | ||
| Name: | Gordon McBean | |
| Title: | Chief Executive Officer | |
EXHIBIT A
FORM OF SELLING AGENTS' WARRANT
EXHIBIT B
FORM OF OPINION AND NEGATIVE ASSURANCES LETTER OF GENERAL COUNSEL TO THE COMPANY
AMENDED AND RESTATED BYLAWS
OF
STARFIGHTERS SPACE, INC.
Adopted August 12, 2025
TABLE OF CONTENTS
TABLE OF CONTENTS
(Continued)
BYLAWS
ARTICLE I - MEETINGS OF STOCKHOLDERS
1.1 Place of Meetings.Meetings of stockholders of Starfighters Space, Inc. (the "Company") shall be held at any place, within or outside the State of Delaware, determined by the Company's board of directors (the "Board"). The Board may, in its sole discretion, determine that a meeting of stockholders shall not be held at any place, but may instead be held solely by means of remote communication as authorized by Section 211(a)(2) of the Delaware General Corporation Law (the "DGCL"). In the absence of any such designation or determination, stockholders' meetings shall be held at the Company's principal executive office.
1.2 Annual Meeting.An annual meeting of stockholders shall be held for the election of directors at such date and time as may be designated by resolution of the Board from time to time. Any other proper business may be transacted at the annual meeting. The Company shall not be required to hold an annual meeting of stockholders, provided that (i) the stockholders are permitted to act by written consent under the Company's certificate of incorporation and these bylaws, (ii) the stockholders take action by written consent to elect directors and (iii) the stockholders unanimously consent to such action or, if such consent is less than unanimous, all of the directorships to which directors could be elected at an annual meeting held at the effective time of such action are vacant and are filled by such action.
1.3 Special Meeting.A special meeting of the stockholders may be called at any time by the Board, Chairperson of the Board, Chief Executive Officer or President (in the absence of a Chief Executive Officer) or by one or more stockholders holding shares in the aggregate entitled to cast not less than 20% of the votes at that meeting.
If any person(s) other than the Board calls a special meeting, the request shall:
(i) be in writing;
(ii) specify the time of such meeting and the general nature of the business proposed to be transacted; and
(iii) be delivered personally or sent by registered mail or by facsimile transmission to the Chairperson of the Board, the Chief Executive Officer, the President (in the absence of a Chief Executive Officer) or the Secretary of the Company.
The officer(s) receiving the request shall cause notice to be promptly given to the stockholders entitled to vote at such meeting, in accordance with these bylaws, that a meeting will be held at the time requested by the person or persons calling the meeting. No business may be transacted at such special meeting other than the business specified in such notice to stockholders. Nothing contained in this paragraph of this section 1.3 shall be construed as limiting, fixing, or affecting the time when a meeting of stockholders called by action of the Board may be held.
1.4 Notice of Stockholders' Meetings.Whenever stockholders are required or permitted to take any action at a meeting, a written notice of the meeting shall be given which shall state the place, if any, date and hour of the meeting, the means of remote communication, if any, by which stockholders and proxy holders may be deemed to be present in person and vote at such meeting, and, in the case of a special meeting, the purpose or purposes for which the meeting is called. Except as otherwise provided in the DGCL, the certificate of incorporation or these bylaws, the written notice of any meeting of stockholders shall be given not less than 10 nor more than 60 days before the date of the meeting to each stockholder entitled to vote at such meeting.
1.5 Quorum.Except as otherwise provided by law, the certificate of incorporation or these bylaws, at each meeting of stockholders the presence in person or by proxy of the holders of shares of stock having one-third (33⅓%) of the votes which could be cast by the holders of all outstanding shares of stock entitled to vote at the meeting shall be necessary and sufficient to constitute a quorum. Where a separate vote by a class or series or classes or series is required, one-third (33⅓%) of the outstanding shares of such class or series or classes or series, present in person or represented by proxy, shall constitute a quorum entitled to take action with respect to that vote on that matter, except as otherwise provided by law, the certificate of incorporation or these bylaws.
If, however, such quorum is not present or represented at any meeting of the stockholders, then either (i) the chairperson of the meeting, or (ii) the stockholders entitled to vote at the meeting, present in person or represented by proxy, shall have the power to adjourn the meeting from time to time, in the manner provided in section 1.6, until a quorum is present or represented.
1.6 Adjourned Meeting; Notice.Any meeting of stockholders, annual or special, may adjourn from time to time to reconvene at the same or some other place, and notice need not be given of the adjourned meeting if the time, place, if any, thereof, and the means of remote communications, if any, by which stockholders and proxy holders may be deemed to be present in person and vote at such adjourned meeting are announced at the meeting at which the adjournment is taken. At the adjourned meeting, the Company may transact any business which might have been transacted at the original meeting. If the adjournment is for more than 30 days, or if after the adjournment a new record date is fixed for the adjourned meeting, a notice of the adjourned meeting shall be given to each stockholder of record entitled to vote at the meeting.
1.7 Conduct of Business.Meetings of stockholders shall be presided over by the Chairperson of the Board, if any, or in his or her absence by the Vice Chairperson of the Board, if any, or in the absence of the foregoing persons by the Chief Executive Officer, or in the absence of the foregoing persons by the President, or in the absence of the foregoing persons by a Vice President, or in the absence of the foregoing persons by a chairperson designated by the Board, or in the absence of such designation by a chairperson chosen at the meeting. The Secretary shall act as secretary of the meeting, but in his or her absence the chairperson of the meeting may appoint any person to act as secretary of the meeting. The chairperson of any meeting of stockholders shall determine the order of business and the procedure at the meeting, including such regulation of the manner of voting and the conduct of business.
1.8 Voting.The stockholders entitled to vote at any meeting of stockholders shall be determined in accordance with the provisions of section 1.10 of these bylaws, subject to Section 217 (relating to voting rights of fiduciaries, pledgors and joint owners of stock) and Section 218 (relating to voting trusts and other voting agreements) of the DGCL.
Except as may be otherwise provided in the certificate of incorporation, each stockholder entitled to vote at any meeting of stockholders shall be entitled to one vote for each share of capital stock held by such stockholder which has voting power upon the matter in question. Voting at meetings of stockholders need not be by written ballot and, unless otherwise required by law, need not be conducted by inspectors of election unless so determined by the holders of shares of stock having a majority of the votes which could be cast by the holders of all outstanding shares of stock entitled to vote thereon which are present in person or by proxy at such meeting. If authorized by the Board, such requirement of a written ballot shall be satisfied by a ballot submitted by electronic transmission (as defined in section 7.2 of these bylaws), provided that any such electronic transmission must either set forth or be submitted with information from which it can be determined that the electronic transmission was authorized by the stockholder or proxy holder.
Except as otherwise required by law, the certificate of incorporation or these bylaws, in all matters other than the election of directors, the affirmative vote of a majority of the voting power of the shares present in person or represented by proxy at the meeting and entitled to vote on the subject matter shall be the act of the stockholders. Except as otherwise required by law, the certificate of incorporation or these bylaws, directors shall be elected by a plurality of the voting power of the shares present in person or represented by proxy at the meeting and entitled to vote on the election of directors. Where a separate vote by a class or series or classes or series is required, in all matters other than the election of directors, the affirmative vote of the majority of shares of such class or series or classes or series present in person or represented by proxy at the meeting shall be the act of such class or series or classes or series, except as otherwise provided by law, the certificate of incorporation or these bylaws.
1.9 Stockholder Action by Written Consent Without a Meeting.Unless otherwise provided in the certificate of incorporation, any action required by the DGCL to be taken at any annual or special meeting of stockholders of a corporation, or any action which may be taken at any annual or special meeting of such stockholders, may be taken without a meeting, without prior notice, and without a vote, if a consent or consents in writing, setting forth the action so taken, shall be signed by the holders of outstanding stock having not less than the minimum number of votes that would be necessary to authorize or take such action at a meeting at which all shares entitled to vote thereon were present and voted.
An electronic transmission (as defined in section 7.2) consenting to an action to be taken and transmitted by a stockholder or proxy holder, or by a person or persons authorized to act for a stockholder or proxy holder, shall be deemed to be written, signed and dated for purposes of this section, provided that any such electronic transmission sets forth or is delivered with information from which the Company can determine (i) that the electronic transmission was transmitted by the stockholder or proxy holder or by a person or persons authorized to act for the stockholder or proxy holder and (ii) the date on which such stockholder or proxy holder or authorized person or persons transmitted such electronic transmission.
In the event that the Board shall have instructed the officers of the Company to solicit the vote or written consent of the stockholders of the Company, an electronic transmission of a stockholder written consent given pursuant to such solicitation may be delivered to the Secretary or the President of the Company or to a person designated by the Secretary or the President. The Secretary or the President of the Company or a designee of the Secretary or the President shall cause any such written consent by electronic transmission to be reproduced in paper form and inserted into the corporate records.
Prompt notice of the taking of the corporate action without a meeting by less than unanimous written consent shall be given to those stockholders who have not consented in writing and who, if the action had been taken at a meeting, would have been entitled to notice of the meeting if the record date for such meeting had been the date that written consents signed by a sufficient number of holders to take the action were delivered to the Company as provided in Section 228 of the DGCL. In the event that the action which is consented to is such as would have required the filing of a certificate under any provision of the DGCL, if such action had been voted on by stockholders at a meeting thereof, the certificate filed under such provision shall state, in lieu of any statement required by such provision concerning any vote of stockholders, that written consent has been given in accordance with Section 228 of the DGCL.
1.10 Record Date for Stockholder Notice; Voting; Giving Consents.In order that the Company may determine the stockholders entitled to notice of or to vote at any meeting of stockholders or any adjournment thereof, or entitled to express consent to corporate action in writing without a meeting, or entitled to receive payment of any dividend or other distribution or allotment of any rights, or entitled to exercise any rights in respect of any change, conversion or exchange of stock or for the purpose of any other lawful action, the Board may fix a record date, which record date shall not precede the date upon which the resolution fixing the record date is adopted by the Board and which record date:
(i) in the case of determination of stockholders entitled to notice of or to vote at any meeting of stockholders or adjournment thereof, shall, unless otherwise required by law, not be more than sixty nor less than ten days before the date of such meeting;
(ii) in the case of determination of stockholders entitled to express consent to corporate action in writing without a meeting, shall not be more than ten days after the date upon which the resolution fixing the record date is adopted by the Board; and
(iii) in the case of determination of stockholders for any other action, shall not be more than 60 days prior to such other action.
If no record date is fixed by the Board:
(i) the record date for determining stockholders entitled to notice of or to vote at a meeting of stockholders shall be at the close of business on the day next preceding the day on which notice is given, or, if notice is waived, at the close of business on the day next preceding the day on which the meeting is held;
(ii) the record date for determining stockholders entitled to express consent to corporate action in writing without a meeting when no prior action of the Board is required by law, shall be the first date on which a signed written consent setting forth the action taken or proposed to be taken is delivered to the Company in accordance with applicable law, or, if prior action by the Board is required by law, shall be at the close of business on the day on which the Board adopts the resolution taking such prior action; and
(iii) the record date for determining stockholders for any other purpose shall be at the close of business on the day on which the Board adopts the resolution relating thereto.
A determination of stockholders of record entitled to notice of or to vote at a meeting of stockholders shall apply to any adjournment of the meeting, provided that the Board may fix a new record date for the adjourned meeting.
1.11 Proxies.Each stockholder entitled to vote at a meeting of stockholders or to express consent or dissent to corporate action in writing without a meeting may authorize another person or persons to act for such stockholder by proxy authorized by an instrument in writing or by a transmission permitted by law filed in accordance with the procedure established for the meeting, but no such proxy shall be voted or acted upon after three years from its date, unless the proxy provides for a longer period. The revocability of a proxy that states on its face that it is irrevocable shall be governed by the provisions of Section 212 of the DGCL.
1.12 List of Stockholders Entitled to Vote.The officer who has charge of the stock ledger of the Company shall prepare and make, at least ten days before every meeting of stockholders, a complete list of the stockholders entitled to vote at the meeting, arranged in alphabetical order, and showing the address of each stockholder and the number of shares registered in the name of each stockholder. The Company shall not be required to include electronic mail addresses or other electronic contact information on such list. Such list shall be open to the examination of any stockholder, for any purpose germane to the meeting for a period of at least ten days prior to the meeting: (i) on a reasonably accessible electronic network, provided that the information required to gain access to such list is provided with the notice of the meeting, or (ii) during ordinary business hours, at the Company's principal place of business. In the event that the Company determines to make the list available on an electronic network, the Company may take reasonable steps to ensure that such information is available only to stockholders of the Company. If the meeting is to be held at a place, then the list shall be produced and kept at the time and place of the meeting during the whole time thereof, and may be examined by any stockholder who is present. If the meeting is to be held solely by means of remote communication, then the list shall also be open to the examination of any stockholder during the whole time of the meeting on a reasonably accessible electronic network, and the information required to access such list shall be provided with the notice of the meeting.
ARTICLE II - DIRECTORS
2.1 Powers.The business and affairs of the Company shall be managed by or under the direction of the Board, except as may be otherwise provided in the DGCL or the certificate of incorporation.
2.2 Number of Directors.The Board shall consist of one or more members, each of whom shall be a natural person. Unless the certificate of incorporation fixes the number of directors, the number of directors shall be determined from time to time by resolution of the Board. No reduction of the authorized number of directors shall have the effect of removing any director before that director's term of office expires.
2.3 Election, Qualification and Term of Office of Directors.Except as provided in section 2.4 of these bylaws, and subject to sections 1.2 and 1.9 of these bylaws, directors shall be elected at each annual meeting of stockholders. Directors need not be stockholders unless so required by the certificate of incorporation or these bylaws. The certificate of incorporation or these bylaws may prescribe other qualifications for directors. Each director shall hold office until such director's successor is elected and qualified or until such director's earlier death, resignation or removal.
2.4 Resignation and Vacancies.Any director may resign at any time upon notice given in writing or by electronic transmission to the Company. A resignation is effective when the resignation is delivered unless the resignation specifies a later effective date or an effective date determined upon the happening of an event or events. A resignation which is conditioned upon the director failing to receive a specified vote for reelection as a director may provide that it is irrevocable. Unless otherwise provided in the certificate of incorporation or these bylaws, when one or more directors resign from the Board, effective at a future date, a majority of the directors then in office, including those who have so resigned, shall have power to fill such vacancy or vacancies, the vote thereon to take effect when such resignation or resignations shall become effective.
Unless otherwise provided in the certificate of incorporation or these bylaws:
(i) Vacancies and newly created directorships resulting from any increase in the authorized number of directors elected by all of the stockholders having the right to vote as a single class may be filled by a majority of the directors then in office, although less than a quorum, or by a sole remaining director.
(ii) Whenever the holders of any class or classes of stock or series thereof are entitled to elect one or more directors by the provisions of the certificate of incorporation, vacancies and newly created directorships of such class or classes or series may be filled by a majority of the directors elected by such class or classes or series thereof then in office, or by a sole remaining director so elected.
If at any time, by reason of death or resignation or other cause, the Company should have no directors in office, then any officer or any stockholder or an executor, administrator, trustee or guardian of a stockholder, or other fiduciary entrusted with like responsibility for the person or estate of a stockholder, may call a special meeting of stockholders in accordance with the provisions of the certificate of incorporation or these bylaws, or may apply to the Court of Chancery for a decree summarily ordering an election as provided in Section 211 of the DGCL.
If, at the time of filling any vacancy or any newly created directorship, the directors then in office constitute less than a majority of the whole Board (as constituted immediately prior to any such increase), the Court of Chancery may, upon application of any stockholder or stockholders holding at least 10% of the voting stock at the time outstanding having the right to vote for such directors, summarily order an election to be held to fill any such vacancies or newly created directorships, or to replace the directors chosen by the directors then in office as aforesaid, which election shall be governed by the provisions of Section 211 of the DGCL as far as applicable.
A director elected to fill a vacancy shall be elected for the unexpired term of his or her predecessor in office and until such director's successor is elected and qualified, or until such director's earlier death, resignation or removal.
2.5 Place of Meetings; Meetings by Telephone.The Board may hold meetings, both regular and special, either within or outside the State of Delaware.
Unless otherwise restricted by the certificate of incorporation or these bylaws, members of the Board, or any committee designated by the Board, may participate in a meeting of the Board, or any committee, by means of conference telephone or other communications equipment by means of which all persons participating in the meeting can hear each other, and such participation in a meeting shall constitute presence in person at the meeting.
2.6 Conduct of Business.Meetings of the Board shall be presided over by the Chairperson of the Board, if any, or in his or her absence by the Vice Chairperson of the Board, if any, or in the absence of the foregoing persons by a chairperson designated by the Board, or in the absence of such designation by a chairperson chosen at the meeting. The Secretary shall act as secretary of the meeting, but in his or her absence the chairperson of the meeting may appoint any person to act as secretary of the meeting.
2.7 Regular Meetings.Regular meetings of the Board may be held without notice at such time and at such place as shall from time to time be determined by the Board.
2.8 Special Meetings; Notice.Special meetings of the Board for any purpose or purposes may be called at any time by the Chairperson of the Board, the Chief Executive Officer, the President, the Secretary or any two directors.
Notice of the time and place of special meetings shall be:
(i) delivered personally by hand, by courier or by telephone;
(ii) sent by United States first-class mail, postage prepaid;
(iii) sent by facsimile; or
(iv) sent by electronic mail,
directed to each director at that director's address, telephone number, facsimile number or electronic mail address, as the case may be, as shown on the Company's records.
If the notice is (i) delivered personally by hand, by courier or by telephone, (ii) sent by facsimile or (iii) sent by electronic mail, it shall be delivered or sent at least 24 hours before the time of the holding of the meeting. If the notice is sent by United States mail, it shall be deposited in the United States mail at least four days before the time of the holding of the meeting. Any oral notice may be communicated to the director. The notice need not specify the place of the meeting (if the meeting is to be held at the Company's principal executive office) nor the purpose of the meeting.
2.9 Quorum; Voting.At all meetings of the Board, a majority of the total authorized number of directors shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business. If a quorum is not present at any meeting of the Board, then the directors present thereat may adjourn the meeting from time to time, without notice other than announcement at the meeting, until a quorum is present. A meeting at which a quorum is initially present may continue to transact business notwithstanding the withdrawal of directors, if any action taken is approved by at least a majority of the required quorum for that meeting.
The vote of a majority of the directors present at any meeting at which a quorum is present shall be the act of the Board, except as may be otherwise specifically provided by statute, the certificate of incorporation or these bylaws.
If the certificate of incorporation provides that one or more directors shall have more or less than one vote per director on any matter, every reference in these bylaws to a majority or other proportion of the directors shall refer to a majority or other proportion of the votes of the directors.
2.10 Board Action by Written Consent Without a Meeting.Unless otherwise restricted by the certificate of incorporation or these bylaws, any action required or permitted to be taken at any meeting of the Board, or of any committee thereof, may be taken without a meeting if all members of the Board or committee, as the case may be, consent thereto in writing or by electronic transmission and the writing or writings or electronic transmission or transmissions are filed with the minutes of proceedings of the Board or committee. Such filing shall be in paper form if the minutes are maintained in paper form and shall be in electronic form if the minutes are maintained in electronic form.
2.11 Fees and Compensation of Directors.Unless otherwise restricted by the certificate of incorporation or these bylaws, the Board shall have the authority to fix the compensation of directors.
2.12 Removal of Directors.Unless otherwise restricted by statute, the certificate of incorporation or these bylaws, any director or the entire Board may be removed, with or without cause, by the holders of a majority of the shares then entitled to vote at an election of directors.
No reduction of the authorized number of directors shall have the effect of removing any director prior to the expiration of such director's term of office.
ARTICLE III - COMMITTEES
3.1 Committees of Directors.The Board may designate one or more committees, each committee to consist of one or more of the directors of the Company. The Board may designate one or more directors as alternate members of any committee, who may replace any absent or disqualified member at any meeting of the committee. In the absence or disqualification of a member of a committee, the member or members thereof present at any meeting and not disqualified from voting, whether or not such member or members constitute a quorum, may unanimously appoint another member of the Board to act at the meeting in the place of any such absent or disqualified member. Any such committee, to the extent provided in the resolution of the Board or in these bylaws, shall have and may exercise all the powers and authority of the Board in the management of the business and affairs of the Company, and may authorize the seal of the Company to be affixed to all papers that may require it; but no such committee shall have the power or authority to (i) approve or adopt, or recommend to the stockholders, any action or matter (other than the election or removal of directors) expressly required by the DGCL to be submitted to stockholders for approval, or (ii) adopt, amend or repeal any bylaw of the Company.
3.2 Committee Minutes.Each committee shall keep regular minutes of its meetings and report the same to the Board when required.
3.3 Meetings and Actions of CommitteesMeetings and actions of committees shall be governed by, and held and taken in accordance with, the provisions of:
(i) section 2.5 (Place of Meetings; Meetings by Telephone);
(ii) section 2.7 (Regular Meetings);
(iii) section 2.8 (Special Meetings; Notice);
(iv) section 2.9 (Quorum; Voting);
(v) section 2.10 (Board Action by Written Consent Without a Meeting); and
(vi) section 7.5 (Waiver of Notice)
with such changes in the context of those bylaws as are necessary to substitute the committee and its members for the Board and its members. However:
(i) the time of regular meetings of committees may be determined either by resolution of the Board or by resolution of the committee;
(ii) special meetings of committees may also be called by resolution of the Board; and
(iii) notice of special meetings of committees shall also be given to all alternate members, who shall have the right to attend all meetings of the committee. The Board may adopt rules for the government of any committee not inconsistent with the provisions of these bylaws.
Any provision in the certificate of incorporation providing that one or more directors shall have more or less than one vote per director on any matter shall apply to voting in any committee or subcommittee, unless otherwise provided in the certificate of incorporation or these bylaws.
3.4 Subcommittees.Unless otherwise provided in the certificate of incorporation, these bylaws or the resolutions of the Board designating the committee, a committee may create one or more subcommittees, each subcommittee to consist of one or more members of the committee, and delegate to a subcommittee any or all of the powers and authority of the committee.
ARTICLE IV - OFFICERS
4.1 Officers.The officers of the Company shall be a President and a Secretary. The Company may also have, at the discretion of the Board, a Chairperson of the Board, a Vice Chairperson of the Board, a Chief Executive Officer, one or more Vice Presidents, a Chief Financial Officer, a Treasurer, one or more Assistant Treasurers, one or more Assistant Secretaries, and any such other officers as may be appointed in accordance with the provisions of these bylaws. Any number of offices may be held by the same person.
4.2 Appointment of Officers.The Board shall appoint the officers of the Company, except such officers as may be appointed in accordance with the provisions of section 4.3 of these bylaws.
4.3 Subordinate Officers.The Board may appoint, or empower the Chief Executive Officer or, in the absence of a Chief Executive Officer, the President, to appoint, such other officers and agents as the business of the Company may require. Each of such officers and agents shall hold office for such period, have such authority, and perform such duties as are provided in these bylaws or as the Board may from time to time determine.
4.4 Removal and Resignation of Officers.Any officer may be removed, either with or without cause, by an affirmative vote of the majority of the Board at any regular or special meeting of the Board or, except in the case of an officer chosen by the Board, by any officer upon whom such power of removal may be conferred by the Board.
Any officer may resign at any time by giving written notice to the Company. Any resignation shall take effect at the date of the receipt of that notice or at any later time specified in that notice. Unless otherwise specified in the notice of resignation, the acceptance of the resignation shall not be necessary to make it effective. Any resignation is without prejudice to the rights, if any, of the Company under any contract to which the officer is a party.
4.5 Vacancies in Offices.Any vacancy occurring in any office of the Company shall be filled by the Board or as provided in section 4.3.
4.6 Representation of Shares of Other Corporations.Unless otherwise directed by the Board, the President or any other person authorized by the Board or the President is authorized to vote, represent and exercise on behalf of the Company all rights incident to any and all shares of any other corporation or corporations standing in the name of the Company. The authority granted herein may be exercised either by such person directly or by any other person authorized to do so by proxy or power of attorney duly executed by such person having the authority.
4.7 Authority and Duties of Officers. Except as otherwise provided in these bylaws, the officers of the Company shall have such powers and duties in the management of the Company as may be designated from time to time by the Board and, to the extent not so provided, as generally pertain to their respective offices, subject to the control of the Board.
ARTICLE V - INDEMNIFICATION
5.1 Indemnification of Directors and Officers in Third Party Proceedings.Subject to the other provisions of this Article V, the Company shall indemnify, to the fullest extent permitted by the DGCL, as now or hereinafter in effect, any person who was or is a party or is threatened to be made a party to any threatened, pending or completed action, suit or proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative (a "Proceeding") (other than an action by or in the right of the Company) by reason of the fact that such person is or was a director or officer of the Company, or is or was a director or officer of the Company serving at the request of the Company as a director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise, against expenses (including attorneys' fees), judgments, fines and amounts paid in settlement actually and reasonably incurred by such person in connection with such Proceeding if such person acted in good faith and in a manner such person reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the Company, and, with respect to any criminal action or proceeding, had no reasonable cause to believe such person's conduct was unlawful. The termination of any Proceeding by judgment, order, settlement, conviction, or upon a plea of nolo contendere or its equivalent, shall not, of itself, create a presumption that the person did not act in good faith and in a manner which such person reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the Company, and, with respect to any criminal action or proceeding, had reasonable cause to believe that such person's conduct was unlawful.
5.2 Indemnification of Directors and Officers in Actions by or in the Right of the Company.Subject to the other provisions of this Article V, the Company shall indemnify, to the fullest extent permitted by the DGCL, as now or hereinafter in effect, any person who was or is a party or is threatened to be made a party to any threatened, pending or completed action or suit by or in the right of the Company to procure a judgment in its favor by reason of the fact that such person is or was a director or officer of the Company, or is or was a director or officer of the Company serving at the request of the Company as a director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise against expenses (including attorneys' fees) actually and reasonably incurred by such person in connection with the defense or settlement of such action or suit if such person acted in good faith and in a manner such person reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the Company; except that no indemnification shall be made in respect of any claim, issue or matter as to which such person shall have been adjudged to be liable to the Company unless and only to the extent that the Court of Chancery or the court in which such action or suit was brought shall determine upon application that, despite the adjudication of liability but in view of all the circumstances of the case, such person is fairly and reasonably entitled to indemnity for such expenses which the Court of Chancery or such other court shall deem proper.
5.3 Successful Defense.To the extent that a present or former director or officer of the Company has been successful on the merits or otherwise in defense of any action, suit or proceeding described in section 5.1 or section 5.2, or in defense of any claim, issue or matter therein, such person shall be indemnified against expenses (including attorneys' fees) actually and reasonably incurred by such person in connection therewith.
5.4 Indemnification of Others.Subject to the other provisions of this Article V, the Company shall have power to indemnify its employees and agents to the extent not prohibited by the DGCL or other applicable law. The Board shall have the power to delegate to such person or persons the determination of whether employees or agents shall be indemnified.
5.5 Advanced Payment of Expenses.Expenses (including attorneys' fees) incurred by an officer or director of the Company in defending any Proceeding shall be paid by the Company in advance of the final disposition of such Proceeding upon receipt of a written request therefor (together with documentation reasonably evidencing such expenses) and an undertaking by or on behalf of the person to repay such amounts if it shall ultimately be determined that the person is not entitled to be indemnified under this Article V or the DGCL. Such expenses (including attorneys' fees) incurred by former directors and officers or other employees and agents may be so paid upon such terms and conditions, if any, as the Company deems appropriate. The right to advancement of expenses shall not apply to any Proceeding for which indemnity is excluded pursuant to these bylaws, but shall apply to any Proceeding referenced in section 5.6(ii) or 5.6(iii) prior to a determination that the person is not entitled to be indemnified by the Company.
5.6 Limitation on Indemnification.Subject to the requirements in section 5.3 and the DGCL, the Company shall not be obligated to indemnify any person pursuant to this Article V in connection with any Proceeding (or any part of any Proceeding):
(i) for which payment has actually been made to or on behalf of such person under any statute, insurance policy, indemnity provision, vote or otherwise, except with respect to any excess beyond the amount paid;
(ii) for an accounting or disgorgement of profits pursuant to Section 16(b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or similar provisions of federal, state or local statutory law or common law, if such person is held liable therefor (including pursuant to any settlement arrangements);
(iii) for any reimbursement of the Company by such person of any bonus or other incentive-based or equity-based compensation or of any profits realized by such person from the sale of securities of the Company, as required in each case under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (including any such reimbursements that arise from an accounting restatement of the Company pursuant to Section 304 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (the "Sarbanes-Oxley Act"), or the payment to the Company of profits arising from the purchase and sale by such person of securities in violation of Section 306 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act), if such person is held liable therefor (including pursuant to any settlement arrangements);
(iv) initiated by such person, including any Proceeding (or any part of any Proceeding) initiated by such person against the Company or its directors, officers, employees, agents or other indemnitees, unless (a) the Board authorized the Proceeding (or the relevant part of the Proceeding) prior to its initiation, (b) the Company provides the indemnification, in its sole discretion, pursuant to the powers vested in the Company under applicable law, (c) otherwise required to be made under section 5.7 or (d) otherwise required by applicable law; or
(v) if prohibited by applicable law.
5.7 Determination; Claim.If a claim for indemnification or advancement of expenses under this Article V is not paid by the Company or on its behalf within 90 days after receipt by the Company of a written request therefor, the claimant shall be entitled to an adjudication by a court of competent jurisdiction of his or her entitlement to such indemnification or advancement of expenses. To the extent not prohibited by law, the Company shall indemnify such person against all expenses actually and reasonably incurred by such person in connection with any action for indemnification or advancement of expenses from the Company under this Article V, to the extent such person is successful in such action, and, if requested by such person, shall advance such expenses to such person, subject to the provisions of section 5.5. In any such suit, the Company shall, to the fullest extent not prohibited by law, have the burden of proving that the claimant is not entitled to the requested indemnification or advancement of expenses.
5.8 Non-Exclusivity of Rights.The indemnification and advancement of expenses provided by, or granted pursuant to, this Article V shall not be deemed exclusive of any other rights to which those seeking indemnification or advancement of expenses may be entitled under the certificate of incorporation or any statute, bylaw, agreement, vote of stockholders or disinterested directors or otherwise, both as to action in such person's official capacity and as to action in another capacity while holding such office. The Company is specifically authorized to enter into individual contracts with any or all of its directors, officers, employees or agents respecting indemnification and advancement of expenses, to the fullest extent not prohibited by the DGCL or other applicable law.
5.9 Insurance.The Company may purchase and maintain insurance on behalf of any person who is or was a director, officer, employee or agent of the Company, or is or was serving at the request of the Company as a director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise against any liability asserted against such person and incurred by such person in any such capacity, or arising out of such person's status as such, whether or not the Company would have the power to indemnify such person against such liability under the provisions of the DGCL.
5.10 Survival.The rights to indemnification and advancement of expenses conferred by this Article V shall continue as to a person who has ceased to be a director, officer, employee or agent and shall inure to the benefit of the heirs, executors and administrators of such a person.
5.11 Effect of Repeal or Modification.Any amendment, alteration or repeal of this Article V shall not adversely affect any right or protection hereunder of any person in respect of any act or omission occurring prior to such amendment, alteration or repeal.
5.12 Certain DefinitionsFor purposes of this Article V, references to the "Company" shall include, in addition to the resulting corporation, any constituent corporation (including any constituent of a constituent) absorbed in a consolidation or merger which, if its separate existence had continued, would have had power and authority to indemnify its directors, officers, employees or agents, so that any person who is or was a director, officer, employee or agent of such constituent corporation, or is or was serving at the request of such constituent corporation as a director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise, shall stand in the same position under the provisions of this Article V with respect to the resulting or surviving corporation as such person would have with respect to such constituent corporation if its separate existence had continued. For purposes of this Article V, references to "other enterprises" shall include employee benefit plans; references to "fines" shall include any excise taxes assessed on a person with respect to an employee benefit plan; and references to "serving at the request of the Company" shall include any service as a director, officer, employee or agent of the Company which imposes duties on, or involves services by, such director, officer, employee or agent with respect to an employee benefit plan, its participants or beneficiaries; and a person who acted in good faith and in a manner such person reasonably believed to be in the interest of the participants and beneficiaries of an employee benefit plan shall be deemed to have acted in a manner "not opposed to the best interests of the Company" as referred to in this Article V.
ARTICLE VI - STOCK
6.1 Stock Certificates; Partly Paid Shares.The shares of the Company shall be represented by certificates, provided that the Board may provide by resolution or resolutions that some or all of any or all classes or series of its stock shall be uncertificated shares. Any such resolution shall not apply to shares represented by a certificate until such certificate is surrendered to the Company. Every holder of stock represented by certificates shall be entitled to have a certificate signed by, or in the name of the Company by the Chairperson of the Board or Vice-Chairperson of the Board, or the President or a Vice-President, and by the Treasurer or an Assistant Treasurer, or the Secretary or an Assistant Secretary of the Company representing the number of shares registered in certificate form. Any or all of the signatures on the certificate may be a facsimile. In case any officer, transfer agent or registrar who has signed or whose facsimile signature has been placed upon a certificate has ceased to be such officer, transfer agent or registrar before such certificate is issued, it may be issued by the Company with the same effect as if such person were such officer, transfer agent or registrar at the date of issue. The Company shall not have power to issue a certificate in bearer form.
The Company may issue the whole or any part of its shares as partly paid and subject to call for the remainder of the consideration to be paid therefor. Upon the face or back of each stock certificate issued to represent any such partly paid shares, or upon the books and records of the Company in the case of uncertificated partly paid shares, the total amount of the consideration to be paid therefor and the amount paid thereon shall be stated. Upon the declaration of any dividend on fully paid shares, the Company shall declare a dividend upon partly paid shares of the same class, but only upon the basis of the percentage of the consideration actually paid thereon.
6.2 Special Designation on Certificates.If the Company is authorized to issue more than one class of stock or more than one series of any class, then the powers, the designations, the preferences, and the relative, participating, optional or other special rights of each class of stock or series thereof and the qualifications, limitations or restrictions of such preferences and/or rights shall be set forth in full or summarized on the face or back of the certificate that the Company shall issue to represent such class or series of stock; provided that, except as otherwise provided in Section 202 of the DGCL, in lieu of the foregoing requirements there may be set forth on the face or back of the certificate that the Company shall issue to represent such class or series of stock, a statement that the Company will furnish without charge to each stockholder who so requests the powers, designations, preferences and relative, participating, optional or other special rights of each class of stock or series thereof and the qualifications, limitations or restrictions of such preferences and/or rights. Within a reasonable time after the issuance or transfer of uncertificated stock, the Company shall send to the registered owner thereof a written notice containing the information required to be set forth or stated on certificates pursuant to this section 6.2 or Sections 156, 202(a) or 218(a) of the DGCL or with respect to this section 6.2 a statement that the Company will furnish without charge to each stockholder who so requests the powers, designations, preferences and relative, participating, optional or other special rights of each class of stock or series thereof and the qualifications, limitations or restrictions of such preferences and/or rights. Except as otherwise expressly provided by law, the rights and obligations of the holders of uncertificated stock and the rights and obligations of the holders of certificates representing stock of the same class and series shall be identical.
6.3 Lost Certificates.Except as provided in this section 6.3, no new certificates for shares shall be issued to replace a previously issued certificate unless the latter is surrendered to the Company and cancelled at the same time. The Company may issue a new certificate of stock or uncertificated shares in the place of any certificate theretofore issued by it, alleged to have been lost, stolen or destroyed, and the Company may require the owner of the lost, stolen or destroyed certificate, or such owner's legal representative, to give the Company a bond sufficient to indemnify it against any claim that may be made against it on account of the alleged loss, theft or destruction of any such certificate or the issuance of such new certificate or uncertificated shares.
6.4 Dividends.The Board, subject to any restrictions contained in the certificate of incorporation or applicable law, may declare and pay dividends upon the shares of the Company's capital stock. Dividends may be paid in cash, in property, or in shares of the Company's capital stock, subject to the provisions of the certificate of incorporation.
The Board may set apart out of any of the funds of the Company available for dividends a reserve or reserves for any proper purpose and may abolish any such reserve.
6.5 Stock Transfer Agreements.The Company shall have power to enter into and perform any agreement with any number of stockholders of any one or more classes of stock of the Company to restrict the transfer of shares of stock of the Company of any one or more classes owned by such stockholders in any manner not prohibited by the DGCL.
6.6 Registered Stockholders.The Company:
(i) shall be entitled to recognize the exclusive right of a person registered on its books as the owner of shares to receive dividends and to vote as such owner;
(ii) shall be entitled to hold liable for calls and assessments the person registered on its books as the owner of shares; and
(iii) shall not be bound to recognize any equitable or other claim to or interest in such share or shares on the part of another person, whether or not it shall have express or other notice thereof, except as otherwise provided by the laws of Delaware.
6.7 Transfers.Transfers of record of shares of stock of the Company shall be made only upon its books by the holders thereof, in person or by an attorney duly authorized, and, if such stock is certificated, upon the surrender of a certificate or certificates for a like number of shares, properly endorsed or accompanied by proper evidence of succession, assignation or authority to transfer.
ARTICLE VII - MANNER OF GIVING NOTICE AND WAIVER
7.1 Notice of Stockholder Meetings.Notice of any meeting of stockholders, if mailed, is given when deposited in the United States mail, postage prepaid, directed to the stockholder at such stockholder's address as it appears on the Company's records. An affidavit of the Secretary or an Assistant Secretary of the Company or of the transfer agent or other agent of the Company that the notice has been given shall, in the absence of fraud, be prima facie evidence of the facts stated therein.
7.2 Notice by Electronic Transmission.Without limiting the manner by which notice otherwise may be given effectively to stockholders pursuant to the DGCL, the certificate of incorporation or these bylaws, any notice to stockholders given by the Company under any provision of the DGCL, the certificate of incorporation or these bylaws shall be effective if given by a form of electronic transmission consented to by the stockholder to whom the notice is given. Any such consent shall be revocable by the stockholder by written notice to the Company. Any such consent shall be deemed revoked if:
(i) the Company is unable to deliver by electronic transmission two consecutive notices given by the Company in accordance with such consent; and
(ii) such inability becomes known to the Secretary or an Assistant Secretary of the Company or to the transfer agent, or other person responsible for the giving of notice.
However, the inadvertent failure to treat such inability as a revocation shall not invalidate any meeting or other action.
Any notice given pursuant to the preceding paragraph shall be deemed given:
(i) if by facsimile telecommunication, when directed to a number at which the stockholder has consented to receive notice;
(ii) if by electronic mail, when directed to an electronic mail address at which the stockholder has consented to receive notice;
(iii) if by a posting on an electronic network together with separate notice to the stockholder of such specific posting, upon the later of (A) such posting and (B) the giving of such separate notice; and
(iv) if by any other form of electronic transmission, when directed to the stockholder.
An affidavit of the Secretary or an Assistant Secretary or of the transfer agent or other agent of the Company that the notice has been given by a form of electronic transmission shall, in the absence of fraud, be prima facie evidence of the facts stated therein.
An "electronic transmission" means any form of communication, not directly involving the physical transmission of paper, that creates a record that may be retained, retrieved, and reviewed by a recipient thereof, and that may be directly reproduced in paper form by such a recipient through an automated process.
Notice by a form of electronic transmission shall not apply to Sections 164, 296, 311, 312 or 324 of the DGCL.
7.3 Notice to Stockholders Sharing an Address.Except as otherwise prohibited under the DGCL, without limiting the manner by which notice otherwise may be given effectively to stockholders, any notice to stockholders given by the Company under the provisions of the DGCL, the certificate of incorporation or these bylaws shall be effective if given by a single written notice to stockholders who share an address if consented to by the stockholders at that address to whom such notice is given. Any such consent shall be revocable by the stockholder by written notice to the Company. Any stockholder who fails to object in writing to the Company, within 60 days of having been given written notice by the Company of its intention to send the single notice, shall be deemed to have consented to receiving such single written notice.
7.4 Notice to Person with Whom Communication is Unlawful.Whenever notice is required to be given, under the DGCL, the certificate of incorporation or these bylaws, to any person with whom communication is unlawful, the giving of such notice to such person shall not be required and there shall be no duty to apply to any governmental authority or agency for a license or permit to give such notice to such person. Any action or meeting which shall be taken or held without notice to any such person with whom communication is unlawful shall have the same force and effect as if such notice had been duly given. In the event that the action taken by the Company is such as to require the filing of a certificate under the DGCL, the certificate shall state, if such is the fact and if notice is required, that notice was given to all persons entitled to receive notice except such persons with whom communication is unlawful.
7.5 Waiver of Notice.Whenever notice is required to be given under any provision of the DGCL, the certificate of incorporation or these bylaws, a written waiver, signed by the person entitled to notice, or a waiver by electronic transmission by the person entitled to notice, whether before or after the time of the event for which notice is to be given, shall be deemed equivalent to notice. Attendance of a person at a meeting shall constitute a waiver of notice of such meeting, except when the person attends a meeting for the express purpose of objecting at the beginning of the meeting, to the transaction of any business because the meeting is not lawfully called or convened. Neither the business to be transacted at, nor the purpose of, any regular or special meeting of the stockholders need be specified in any written waiver of notice or any waiver by electronic transmission unless so required by the certificate of incorporation or these bylaws.
ARTICLE VIII - GENERAL MATTERS
8.1 Fiscal Year.The fiscal year of the Company shall be fixed by resolution of the Board and may be changed by the Board.
8.2 Seal.The Company may adopt a corporate seal, which shall be in such form as may be approved from time to time by the Board. The Company may use the corporate seal by causing it or a facsimile thereof to be impressed or affixed or in any other manner reproduced.
8.3 Annual Report.The Company shall cause an annual report to be sent to the stockholders of the Company to the extent required by applicable law. If and so long as there are fewer than 100 holders of record of the Company's shares, the requirement of sending an annual report to the stockholders of the Company is expressly waived (to the extent permitted under applicable law).
8.4 Construction; Definitions.Unless the context requires otherwise, the general provisions, rules of construction, and definitions in the DGCL shall govern the construction of these bylaws. Without limiting the generality of this provision, the singular number includes the plural, the plural number includes the singular, and the term "person" includes both a corporation and a natural person.
ARTICLE IX - AMENDMENTS
These bylaws may be adopted, amended or repealed by the stockholders entitled to vote. However, the Company may, in its certificate of incorporation, confer the power to adopt, amend or repeal bylaws upon the directors. The fact that such power has been so conferred upon the directors shall not divest the stockholders of the power, nor limit their power to adopt, amend or repeal bylaws.
A bylaw amendment adopted by stockholders which specifies the votes that shall be necessary for the election of directors shall not be further amended or repealed by the Board.
CERTIFICATE OF ADOPTION OF THE BYLAWS
OF
STARFIGHTERS SPACE, INC.,
a Delaware corporation
The undersigned hereby certifies that he is the duly elected, qualified, and acting Chief Financial Officer of Starfighters Space, Inc., a Delaware corporation, and that the foregoing were adopted as the Amended and Restated Bylaws of the corporation on August 12, 2025, by the Board of Directors effective August 12, 2025.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned has executed this Certificate of Adoption of Bylaws as of this 12th day of August, 2025.
| /s/ David Whitney | |
| David Whitney, Chief Financial Officer |
THE SECURITIES OFFERED HEREBY HAVE NOT BEEN REGISTERED UNDER THE UNITED STATES SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED (THE "ACT"), OR ANY STATUTES OR REGULATIONS OF NON-U.S. JURISDICTIONS OR ANY STATE SECURITIES OR BLUE SKY LAWS, AND ARE BEING OFFERED AND SOLD IN RELIANCE ON EXEMPTIONS FROM THE REGISTRATION REQUIREMENTS OF THE ACT AND APPLICABLE STATE SECURITIES OR BLUE SKY LAWS. ALTHOUGH AN OFFERING CIRCULAR ON FORM 1-A FOR A TIER II OFFERING HAS BEEN FILED AND QUALIFIED WITH THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION (THE "SEC"), THAT OFFERING STATEMENT DOES NOT INCLUDE THE SAME INFORMATION THAT WOULD BE INCLUDED IN A REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE ACT.
SUBSCRIPTION AGREEMENT
Shares of Common Stock
of
Starfighters Space, Inc.
This Subscription Agreement (this "Agreement") relates to the subscription (the "Subscription") by the undersigned (the "Investor") to purchase _________________ newly-issued shares of Common Stock, $0.00001 par value per share (the "Shares"), of Starfighters Space, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the "Company"), for a purchase price of $3.59 per Share, for a total purchase price of $______________ ("Subscription Price"), subject to the terms, conditions, acknowledgments, representations and warranties stated herein and in the amended offering circular for the sale of the Shares, dated August [•], 2025 (the "Amended Offering Circular"), contained in the post-qualification amendment no. 1 to the Company's offering statement on Form 1-A qualified by the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "SEC") on August [•], 2025. The Amended Offering Circular amends the Offering Circular, dated September 6, 2024, contained in the offering statement on Form 1-A qualified by the SEC on September 6, 2024. The Amended Offering Circular is available at https://starfightersspace.com/investors/, as well as on the EDGAR website of the SEC. Any capitalized terms used but not defined herein shall have the meanings given to them in the Amended Offering Circular.
The Investor understands that, if it wishes to purchase Shares, the Investor must complete this Agreement and submit the Subscription Price as set forth herein. The Company has the right to reject this Subscription in whole or in part for any reason. The Investor may not cancel, terminate or revoke this Agreement, which, in the case of an individual, shall survive the Investor's death or disability and shall be binding upon the Investor and the Investor's heirs, trustees, beneficiaries, executors, personal or legal administrators or representatives, successors, transferees and assigns.
Subscription funds will be held in an escrow account (the "Escrow Account") maintained by and at an FDIC insured bank in compliance with SEC Rule 15c2-4, with funds released to the Company at the closing of the public offering, as described in the Amended Offering Circular. The Escrow Account will be maintained by Enterprise Bank & Trust as the escrow agent (in such capacity, the "Escrow Agent").
In the event that the Company's public offering is terminated, then the Shares will not be sold to the Investor pursuant to this Agreement, all funds paid by the Investor into the Escrow Account will be returned to the Investor by the Escrow Agent without interest or offset and, upon the return of the funds by the Escrow Agent, this Agreement shall terminate automatically (provided that Sections 11-19 shall survive such termination).
If any portion of the Shares is not sold in the public offering, any funds paid by the Investor for such unsold portion of the Shares will be returned to the Investor by the Escrow Agent promptly, without interest or deduction.
In order to induce the Company to accept this Agreement for the Shares and as further consideration for such acceptance, the Investor hereby makes, adopts, confirms and agrees to all of the following covenants, acknowledgments, representations and warranties with the full knowledge that the Company and its affiliates will expressly rely thereon in making a decision to accept or reject this Agreement:
1. Type of Ownership.
☐ Individual ☐ Joint ☐ Institution
2. Investor Information. (Note that the Investor must include a permanent street address even if his, her or its mailing address is a P.O. Box.)
| Individual/Beneficial Owner: | Joint-Owner/Minor: (If applicable.) | |||
| Name: | Name: | |||
| Social Security/Tax ID Number: | Social Security/Tax ID Number: | |||
| Street Address: | Street Address: | |||
| City: | City: | |||
| State: | State: | |||
| Postal Code: | Postal Code: | |||
| Country: | Country: | |||
| Phone Number: | Phone Number: | |||
| Email Address: | Email Address: |
3. Investor Eligibility Certifications.
The Investor understands that, to purchase Shares, the Investor must either (a) be an "accredited investor" (an "Accredited Investor") as such term is defined in Rule 501(a) of Regulation D promulgated under the Securities Act of 1933 (the "Act") or (b) unless the securities issued in the offering initially trade on a national securities exchange, limit its investment in the Shares to a maximum of: (i) 10% of its net worth or annual income, whichever is greater, if the Investor is a natural person; or (ii) 10% of its revenues or net assets, whichever is greater, for its most recently completed fiscal year, if the Investor is a non-natural person.
The Investor understands that if the Investor is a natural person, the Investor should determine his or her net worth for purposes of these representations by calculating the difference between his or her total assets and total liabilities. The Investor understands this calculation must exclude the value of his or her primary residence and may exclude any indebtedness secured by his or her primary residence (up to an amount equal to the value of his or her primary residence).
In the case of fiduciary accounts, net worth and/or income suitability requirements may be satisfied by the beneficiary of the account or by the fiduciary, if the fiduciary directly or indirectly provides funds for the purchase of the Shares.
The Investor hereby represents and warrants that the Investor meets the qualifications to purchase Shares because:
☐ If the Investor is a natural person, the aggregate purchase price for the Shares the Investor is purchasing in the offering does not exceed 10% of the Investor's net worth or annual income, whichever is greater.
☐ If the Investor is a non-natural person, the aggregate purchase price for the Shares the Investor is purchasing in the offering does not exceed 10% of its revenues or net assets, whichever is greater, for its most recently completed fiscal year.
☐ The Investor is an Accredited Investor.
Are you an affiliate of a broker-dealer? ☐ Yes ☐ No If yes, you are not eligible to participate under Financial Industry Regulatory Authority Rule 5130.
4. Revocation of Subscription. The Investor may revoke this subscription at any time prior to the Company's acceptance and execution of this Subscription Agreement by requesting such revocation in writing by sending an e-mail to deals@digitaloffering.com, in accordance with the provisions of Section 11 of this Subscription Agreement. Following such revocation by the Investor, all funds tendered by such Investor and held at the escrow agent shall be returned to the Investor in full, without interest accrued thereon or deduction. For the avoidance of doubt, once the Company has accepted and executed this Subscription Agreement, the Investor may not revoke or change Investor's subscription or request funds tendered by such Investor and held at the escrow agent.
5. Acceptance or Rejection of Subscription. The Investor understands that the Company reserves the right to, in its sole discretion, accept or reject this subscription, in whole or in part, for any reason whatsoever, and to the extent not accepted, unused funds held at the escrow agent shall be returned to the Investor in full, without any interest accrued thereon or deduction, and, upon the rejection of the subscription, this Agreement shall be terminated (provided that Sections 12-21 shall survive such termination). The Company may accept or reject this subscription at any time prior to the closing of this offering. Investor hereby acknowledges that there may be a significant amount of time between such Investor's subscription and the Company's acceptance or rejection of such subscription.
6. Amended Offering Circular. The Investor hereby confirms that the Investor has received the Amended Offering Circular.
7. Certificate of Incorporation. The Investor hereby confirms that the Investor accepts the terms of the Certificate of Incorporation of the Company (as amended, restated, or otherwise modified from time to time).
8. Purchase for Investor's Own Account. The Investor hereby confirms that the Investor is purchasing the Shares for the Investor's own account.
9. Compliance with Laws. The Investor hereby represents and warrants that the Investor is not on, and is not acting as an agent, representative, intermediary or nominee for any person identified on, the list of blocked persons maintained by the Office of Foreign Assets Control, U.S. Department of Treasury. In addition, the Investor has complied with all applicable U.S. laws, regulations, directives, and executive orders relating to anti-money laundering, including but not limited to the following laws: (1) the Uniting and Strengthening America by Providing Appropriate Tools Required to Intercept and Obstruct Terrorism Act of 2001, Public Law 107-56; and (2) Executive Order 13224 (Blocking Property and Prohibiting Transactions with Persons Who Commit, Threaten to Commit, or Support Terrorism) of September 23, 2001.
By making the foregoing representations, the Investor has not waived any right of action the Investor may have under federal or state securities law. Any such waiver would be unenforceable. The Company will assert the Investor's representations as a defense in any subsequent litigation where such assertion would be relevant.
10. Electronic Signatures. Digital or electronic signatures, often referred to as an "e-signature", enable paperless contracts and help speed up business transactions. The 2001 E-Sign Act was meant to ease the adoption of electronic signatures. The mechanics of this Agreement's electronic signature include the Investor signing this Agreement below by typing in the Investor's name, with the underlying software recording the Investor's IP address, browser identification, the timestamp, and a securities hash within an SSL encrypted environment.
This electronically signed Agreement will be available to both the Investor and the Company, as well as any associated brokers, so they can store and access it at any time, and it will be stored by and accessible from Digital Offering servers. The Investor and the Company each hereby consent and agree that electronically signing this Agreement constitutes the Investor's signature, acceptance and agreement as if actually signed by the Investor in writing. Further, all parties agree that no certification, authority or other third-party verification is necessary to validate any electronic signature; and that the lack of such certification or third-party verification will not in any way affect the enforceability of the Investor's signature or resulting contract between the Investor and the Company.
The Investor understands and agrees that his, her or its e-signature executed in conjunction with the electronic submission of this Agreement shall be legally binding and such transaction shall be considered authorized by the Investor. The Investor agrees that his, her or its electronic signature is the legal equivalent of his, her or its manual signature on this Agreement and the Investor consents to be legally bound by this Agreement's terms and conditions.
11. Communications. The Investor and the Company each hereby agree that all current and future notices, confirmations and other communications regarding this Agreement specifically, and future communications in general between the parties, may be made by email, sent to the email address of record as set forth in this Agreement or as otherwise from time to time changed or updated and disclosed to the other party, without necessity of confirmation of receipt, delivery, or reading, and such form of electronic communication is sufficient for all matters regarding the relationship between the parties. If any such electronically sent communication fails to be received for any reason, including, but not limited to, such communications being diverted to the recipient's spam filters by the recipient's email service provider, or due to a recipient's change of address, or due to technology issues by the recipient's service provider, the parties agree that the burden of such failure to receive is on the recipient and not the sender, and that the sender is under no obligation to resend communications via any other means, including, but not limited to, postal service or overnight courier, and that such communications shall for all purposes, including legal and regulatory, be deemed to have been delivered and received. No physical, paper documents will be sent to the Investor, and if the Investor desires physical documents then the Investor agrees to be satisfied by directly and personally printing, at the Investor's own expense, the electronically sent communication(s) and maintaining such physical records in any manner or form that the Investor desires.
12. Delivery Instructions. All Shares will be retained at the Company's transfer agent in book entry. Upon closing, the Investor will receive a notice of his, her or its holdings delivered to the address of record above.
13. Jury Trial Waiver. EACH OF THE PARTIES HERETO HEREBY IRREVOCABLY WAIVES ALL RIGHT TO TRIAL BY JURY IN ANY ACTION, PROCEEDING OR COUNTERCLAIM (WHETHER BASED IN CONTRACT, TORT BUT NOT INCLUDING CLAIMS UNDER THE FEDERAL SECURITIES LAWS) ARISING OUT OF OR RELATING TO THIS AGREEMENT OR THE ACTIONS OF EITHER PARTY IN THE NEGOTIATION, ADMINISTRATION, PERFORMANCE AND ENFORCEMENT THEREOF. EACH OF THE PARTIES HERETO ALSO WAIVES ANY BOND OR SURETY OR SECURITY UPON SUCH BOND WHICH MIGHT, BUT FOR THIS WAIVER, BE REQUIRED OF SUCH PARTY. THIS WAIVER IS IRREVOCABLE, MEANING THAT IT MAY NOT BE MODIFIED EITHER ORALLY OR IN WRITING, AND THIS WAIVER SHALL APPLY TO ANY SUBSEQUENT AMENDMENTS, RENEWALS, SUPPLEMENTS OR MODIFICATIONS TO THIS AGREEMENT. IN THE EVENT OF LITIGATION, THIS AGREEMENT MAY BE FILED AS A WRITTEN CONSENT TO A TRIAL BY THE COURT. BY AGREEING TO THIS WAIVER, THE INVESTOR IS NOT DEEMED TO WAIVE THE COMPANY'S COMPLIANCE WITH THE FEDERAL SECURITIES LAWS AND THE RULES AND REGULATIONS PROMULGATED THEREUNDER.
14. Governing Law; Exclusive Jurisdiction. This Agreement shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the internal laws of the State of Delaware. Any legal suit, action or proceeding arising out of or based upon this Agreement or the transactions contemplated hereby shall be instituted exclusively in the Delaware Court of Chancery, or if the Delaware Court of Chancery determines that it does not have subject matter jurisdiction, the U.S. District Court for the District of Delaware or any court of the State of Delaware having subject matter jurisdiction regarding the matter, and each party irrevocably submits to the exclusive jurisdiction of such courts in any such suit, action or proceeding. The parties irrevocably and unconditionally waive any objection to the laying of venue of any suit, action or any proceeding in such courts and irrevocably waive and agree not to plead or claim in any such court that any such suit, action or proceeding brought in any such court has been brought in an inconvenient forum.
15. Severability. In case any one or more of the provisions contained in this Agreement is for any reason held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable in any respect, such invalidity, illegality, or unenforceability shall not affect any other provision of this Agreement, and such invalid, illegal, or unenforceable provision shall be reformed and construed so that it will be valid, legal, and enforceable to the maximum extent permitted by law.
16. Successors and Assigns. The terms and conditions of this Agreement shall inure to the benefit of and be binding upon the respective successors and permitted assigns of the parties. Nothing in this Agreement, express or implied, is intended to confer upon any party other than the parties hereto or their respective successors and permitted assigns any rights, remedies, obligations or liabilities under or by reason of this Agreement, except as expressly provided in this Agreement. The Investor may not assign any of its rights or obligations under this Agreement without the prior written consent of the Company, and any such purported assignment without such consent shall be null and void ab initio.
17. Amendments. This Agreement may be amended or otherwise modified only by a written instrument executed by the Investor and the Company.
18. Delays or Omissions. No delay or omission to exercise any right, power or remedy accruing to any party under this Agreement, upon any breach or default of any other party under this Agreement, shall impair any such right, power or remedy of such non-breaching or non-defaulting party nor shall it be construed to be a waiver of any such breach or default, or an acquiescence therein, of or in any similar breach or default thereafter occurring; nor shall any waiver of any single breach or default be deemed a waiver of any other breach or default theretofore or thereafter occurring. Any waiver, permit, consent or approval of any kind or character on the part of any party of any breach or default under this Agreement, or any waiver on the part of any party of any provisions or conditions of this Agreement, must be in writing and shall be effective only to the extent specifically set forth in such writing. All remedies, either under this Agreement or by law or otherwise afforded to any party, shall be cumulative and not alternative.
19. Specific Performance. In addition to any and all other remedies that may be available at law in the event of any breach of this Agreement, the Company shall be entitled to specific performance of the agreements and obligations of the Investor hereunder and to such other injunction or other equitable relief as may be granted by a court of competent jurisdiction, without posting a bond or undertaking and without proof of damages and this being in addition to any other remedy to which the Company may be entitled at law or in equity.
20. No Strict Construction. In the event an ambiguity or question of intent or interpretation arises, this Agreement will be construed as if drafted jointly by the parties hereto, and no presumption or burden of proof will arise favoring or disfavoring any party by virtue of the authorship of any of the provisions of this Agreement.
21. Fees and Expenses. Each party will pay its own fees and expenses in connection with this Agreement and transactions contemplated hereby.
Digital Offering, LLC is registered with the SEC as a broker-dealer. This Client Relationship Summary provides details about our brokerage and advisory services, fees, and other important information. Please review the information prior to submitting this subscription at
https://www.digitaloffering.com/_files/ugd/99208b_d8863d2146894a828d4fb744e5f96fd5.pdf
The Investor acknowledges that the Investor has reviewed the client relationship summary link provided above.
The Investor's Consent is Hereby Given: By signing this Agreement electronically, the Investor is explicitly agreeing to receive documents electronically including a copy of this signed Agreement as well as ongoing disclosures, communications and notices.
SIGNATURES:
IF THE INVESTOR SET FORTH BELOW IS AN ENTITY, THE UNDERSIGNED HAS THE AUTHORITY TO ENTER INTO THIS AGREEMENT ON BEHALF OF THE ENTITY.
| Investor: [●] _______________________________________ Name: Title (if applicable): Email: Date: |
Issuer: Starfighter Space, Inc. _________________________ Name: David Whitney Title: Chief Financial Officer |
THE SECURITIES OFFERED HEREBY HAVE NOT BEEN REGISTERED UNDER THE UNITED STATES SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED (THE "ACT"), OR ANY STATUTES OR REGULATIONS OF NON-U.S. JURISDICTIONS OR ANY STATE SECURITIES OR BLUE SKY LAWS, AND ARE BEING OFFERED AND SOLD IN RELIANCE ON EXEMPTIONS FROM THE REGISTRATION REQUIREMENTS OF THE ACT AND APPLICABLE STATE SECURITIES OR BLUE SKY LAWS. ALTHOUGH AN AMENDED OFFERING CIRCULAR ON FORM 1-A FOR A TIER II OFFERING HAS BEEN FILED AND QUALIFIED WITH THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION (THE "SEC"), THAT OFFERING STATEMENT DOES NOT INCLUDE THE SAME INFORMATION THAT WOULD BE INCLUDED IN A REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE ACT.
SUBSCRIPTION AGREEMENT
Shares of Common Stock
of
Starfighters Space, Inc.
This Subscription Agreement (this "Agreement") relates to the agreement of the undersigned (the "Investor") to purchase ____________ newly-issued shares of Common Stock, $0.00001 par value per share, (collectively, the "Shares" and each a "Share"), of Starfighters Space, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the "Company"), for a purchase price of $3.59 per Share, for a total purchase price of $_________ ("Subscription Price"), subject to the terms, conditions, acknowledgments, representations and warranties stated herein and in the amended offering circular for the sale of the Shares, dated [ ], 2025 (the "Amended Offering Circular"), contained in the post-qualification amendment no. 1 to the Company's offering statement on Form 1-A qualified by the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "SEC") on August [•], 2025.. The Amended Offering Circular amends the Offering Circular, dated September 6, 2024, contained in the offering statement on Form 1-A qualified by the SEC on September 6, 2024. The Amended Offering Circular is available at https://starfightersspace.com/investors/, as well as on the EDGAR website of the SEC. Any capitalized terms used but not defined herein shall have the meanings given to them in the Amended Offering Circular.
Simultaneously with or subsequent to the execution and delivery of this Agreement, (a) if the Investor has an account with My IPO ("My IPO"), the online offering platform division of AOS Inc., or, the Selling Agent, the Investor is authorizing the Selling Agent to debit, or cause to be debited, funds equal to the amount of the Subscription Price from the Investor's account at My IPO in the amount of the Subscription Price, provided that if the Investor's broker-dealer or the Selling Agent has arranged to facilitate the funding of the Subscription Price to the escrow account (as described below) or through a clearing agent, then the Investor agrees to deliver the funds for the Subscription Price pursuant to the instructions provided by such clearing agent, such broker-dealer or the Selling Agent.
The Investor understands that, if it wishes to purchase the Shares, the Investor must complete this Agreement and, if the Investor has an account with My IPO, have sufficient funds in the Investor's account at the time of the execution and delivery of this Agreement; or, if the Investor does not maintain an account with My IPO, submit the applicable Subscription Price as set forth herein. The Company has the right to reject this Subscription in whole or in part for any reason.
There is a minimum initial investment amount per investor of $718.00 for the Shares, however, the Company reserves the right to waive this minimum in the sole discretion of the Company's management. Subscription funds submitted by Investors who do not have an account with My IPO will be held in an escrow account by and at an FDIC insured bank in compliance with SEC Rule 15c2-4, with funds released to the Company at the closing of the public offering, as described in the Amended Offering Circular. The escrow account will be maintained by Enterprise Bank & Trust ("Enterprise") as the escrow agent pursuant to that certain Tri-Party Escrow Agreement dated July 30, 2025 by and among the Company, Digital Offering, LLC (the lead selling agent as described in the Amended Offering Circular) and Enterprise. In the event that the Company's public offering fails to close, then the Shares will not be sold to the Investor pursuant to this Agreement, all funds paid by the Investor into the escrow account will be returned to the Investor by the escrow agent without interest or offset and, upon the return of the funds by the escrow agent, this Agreement shall terminate automatically (provided that Sections 11-19 shall survive such termination). If any portion of the Shares is not sold in the public offering, any funds paid by the Investor for such unsold portion of the Shares will be returned to the Investor by the escrow agent, without interest or offset, or, if the Investor has an account with My IPO, funds for such unsold Shares that have not been deposited in the escrow account will not be debited from the Investor's account with My IPO at the closing of the Company's public offering.
In order to induce the Company to accept this Agreement for the Shares and as further consideration for such acceptance, the Investor hereby makes, adopts, confirms and agrees to all of the following covenants, acknowledgments, representations and warranties with the full knowledge that the Company and its affiliates will expressly rely thereon in making a decision to accept or reject this Agreement:
1. Type of Ownership
☐ Individual ☐ Joint ☐ Institution
2. Investor Information (Note that the Investor must include a permanent street address even if his, her or its mailing address is a P.O. Box.)
| Individual/Beneficial Owner: | Joint-Owner/Minor: (If applicable.) | |||
| Name: | Name: | |||
| Social Security/Tax ID Number: | Social Security/Tax ID Number: | |||
| Street Address: | Street Address: | |||
| City: | City: | |||
| State: | State: | |||
| Postal Code: | Postal Code: | |||
| Country: | Country: | |||
| Phone Number: | Phone Number: | |||
| Email Address: | Email Address: |
3. Investor Eligibility Certifications.
The Investor understands that, to purchase Shares, the Investor must either (a) be an "accredited investor" as such term is defined in Rule 501 of Regulation D promulgated under the Securities Act of 1933 (the "Act") or (b) unless the securities issued in the offering initially trade on a national securities exchange, limit its investment in the Shares to a maximum of: (i) 10% of its net worth or annual income, whichever is greater, if the Investor is a natural person; or (ii) 10% of its revenues or net assets, whichever is greater, for its most recently completed fiscal year, if the Investor is a non-natural person.
The Investor understands that if the Investor is a natural person, the Investor should determine his or her net worth for purposes of these representations by calculating the difference between his or her total assets and total liabilities. The Investor understands this calculation must exclude the value of his or her primary residence and may exclude any indebtedness secured by his or her primary residence (up to an amount equal to the value of his or her primary residence).
In the case of fiduciary accounts, net worth and/or income suitability requirements may be satisfied by the beneficiary of the account or by the fiduciary, if the fiduciary directly or indirectly provides funds for the purchase of the Shares.
The Investor hereby represents and warrants that the Investor meets the qualifications to purchase Shares because:
☐ If the Investor is a natural person, the aggregate purchase price for the Shares the Investor is purchasing in the offering does not exceed 10% of the Investor's net worth or annual income, whichever is greater.
☐ If the Investor is a non-natural person, the aggregate purchase price for the Shares the Investor is purchasing in the offering does not exceed 10% of its revenues or net assets, whichever is greater, for its most recently completed fiscal year.
☐ The Investor is an Accredited Investor.
Are you an affiliate of a broker-dealer? ☐ Yes ☐ No If yes, you are not eligible to participate under Financial Industry Regulatory Authority Rule 5130.
4. Revocation of Subscription. The Investor may revoke this subscription at any time prior to the Company's acceptance and execution of this Subscription Agreement by requesting such revocation in writing by sending an e-mail to deals@digitaloffering.com, in accordance with the provisions of Section 11 of this Subscription Agreement. Following such revocation by the Investor, all funds tendered by such Investor and held at the escrow agent shall be returned to the Investor in full, without interest accrued thereon or deduction. For the avoidance of doubt, once the Company has accepted and executed this Subscription Agreement, the Investor may not revoke or change Investor's subscription or request funds tendered by such Investor and held at the escrow agent.
5. Acceptance or Rejection of Subscription. The Investor understands that the Company reserves the right to, in its sole discretion, accept or reject this subscription, in whole or in part, for any reason whatsoever, and to the extent not accepted, unused funds maintained in the Investor's account at My IPO or paid by the Investor into the escrow account established by the Selling Agent shall either not be debited from the Investor's account at My IPO or be returned to the Investor by the escrow agent in full, without any interest accrued thereon or deduction, and, upon the rejection of the subscription (and, if applicable, the refund of the amount paid by the Investor into the escrow account), this Agreement shall be terminated (provided that Sections 12-21 shall survive such termination). The Company may accept or reject this subscription at any time prior to the closing of this offering. Investor hereby acknowledges that there may be a significant amount of time between such Investor's subscription and the Company's acceptance or rejection of such subscription.
6. Amended Offering Circular. The Investor hereby confirms that the Investor has received the Amended Offering Circular.
7. Certificate of Incorporation. The Investor hereby confirms that the Investor accepts the terms of the Certificate of Incorporation of the Company (as amended, restated, or otherwise modified from time to time).
8. Purchase for Investor's Own Account. The Investor hereby confirms that the Investor is purchasing the Shares for the Investor's own account.
9. Compliance with Laws. The Investor hereby represents and warrants that the Investor is not on, and is not acting as an agent, representative, intermediary or nominee for any person identified on, the list of blocked persons maintained by the Office of Foreign Assets Control, U.S. Department of Treasury. In addition, the Investor has complied with all applicable U.S. laws, regulations, directives, and executive orders relating to anti-money laundering, including but not limited to the following laws: (1) the Uniting and Strengthening America by Providing Appropriate Tools Required to Intercept and Obstruct Terrorism Act of 2001, Public Law 107-56; and (2) Executive Order 13224 (Blocking Property and Prohibiting Transactions with Persons Who Commit, Threaten to Commit, or Support Terrorism) of September 23, 2001.
By making the foregoing representations, the Investor has not waived any right of action the Investor may have under federal or state securities law. Any such waiver would be unenforceable. The Company will assert the Investor's representations as a defense in any subsequent litigation where such assertion would be relevant.
10. Electronic Signatures. Digital or electronic signatures, often referred to as an "e-signature", enable paperless contracts and help speed up business transactions. The Electronic Signatures in Global and National Commerce Act was meant to ease the adoption of electronic signatures. The mechanics of this Agreement's electronic signature include the Investor signing this Agreement below by typing in the Investor's name, with the underlying software recording the Investor's IP address, browser identification, the timestamp, and a securities hash within an SSL encrypted environment.
This electronically signed Agreement will be available to both the Investor and the Company, as well as any associated brokers, so they can store and access it at any time, and it will be stored by and accessible from Digital Offering servers. The Investor and the Company each hereby consent and agree that electronically signing this Agreement constitutes the Investor's signature, acceptance and agreement as if actually signed by the Investor in writing. Further, all parties agree that no certification, authority or other third-party verification is necessary to validate any electronic signature; and that the lack of such certification or third-party verification will not in any way affect the enforceability of the Investor's signature or resulting contract between the Investor and the Company.
The Investor understands and agrees that his, her or its e-signature executed in conjunction with the electronic submission of this Agreement shall be legally binding and such transaction shall be considered authorized by the Investor. The Investor agrees that his, her or its electronic signature is the legal equivalent of his, her or its manual signature on this Agreement and the Investor consents to be legally bound by this Agreement's terms and conditions.
11. Communications. The Investor and the Company each hereby agree that all current and future notices, confirmations and other communications regarding this Agreement specifically, and future communications in general between the parties, may be made by email, sent to the email address of record as set forth in this Agreement or as otherwise from time to time changed or updated and disclosed to the other party, without necessity of confirmation of receipt, delivery, or reading, and such form of electronic communication is sufficient for all matters regarding the relationship between the parties. If any such electronically sent communication fails to be received for any reason, including, but not limited to, such communications being diverted to the recipient's spam filters by the recipient's email service provider, or due to a recipient's change of address, or due to technology issues by the recipient's service provider, the parties agree that the burden of such failure to receive is on the recipient and not the sender, and that the sender is under no obligation to resend communications via any other means, including, but not limited to, postal service or overnight courier, and that such communications shall for all purposes, including legal and regulatory, be deemed to have been delivered and received. No physical, paper documents will be sent to the Investor, and if the Investor desires physical documents then the Investor agrees to be satisfied by directly and personally printing, at the Investor's own expense, the electronically sent communication(s) and maintaining such physical records in any manner or form that the Investor desires.
12. Delivery Instructions. All Shares will be retained at the Company's transfer agent in digital book entry. Upon closing, the Investor will receive a notice of his, her or its holdings delivered to the address of record above. Nevada Agency and Transfer Company will be the transfer agent and registrar for the offering as described in the Amended Offering Circular. Such shares may be transferred to the Investor's outside brokerage account by requesting their outside broker dealer to affect such transfer. Request for transfer may only be made by the outside broker dealer of the Investor.
13. Jury Trial Waiver. EACH OF THE PARTIES HERETO HEREBY IRREVOCABLY WAIVES, TO THE FULLEST EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW, ANY AND ALL RIGHT TO TRIAL BY JURY IN ANY ACTION, PROCEEDING OR COUNTERCLAIM (WHETHER BASED IN CONTRACT, TORT BUT NOT INCLUDING CLAIMS UNDER THE FEDERAL SECURITIES LAWS) ARISING OUT OF OR RELATING TO THIS AGREEMENT OR THE ACTIONS OF EITHER PARTY IN THE NEGOTIATION, ADMINISTRATION, PERFORMANCE AND ENFORCEMENT THEREOF. EACH OF THE PARTIES HERETO ALSO WAIVES ANY BOND OR SURETY OR SECURITY UPON SUCH BOND WHICH MIGHT, BUT FOR THIS WAIVER, BE REQUIRED OF SUCH PARTY. THIS WAIVER IS IRREVOCABLE, MEANING THAT IT MAY NOT BE MODIFIED EITHER ORALLY OR IN WRITING, AND THIS WAIVER SHALL APPLY TO ANY SUBSEQUENT AMENDMENTS, RENEWALS, SUPPLEMENTS OR MODIFICATIONS TO THIS AGREEMENT. IN THE EVENT OF LITIGATION, THIS AGREEMENT MAY BE FILED AS A WRITTEN CONSENT TO A TRIAL BY THE COURT. BY AGREEING TO THIS WAIVER, THE INVESTOR IS NOT DEEMED TO WAIVE THE COMPANY'S COMPLIANCE WITH THE FEDERAL SECURITIES LAWS AND THE RULES AND REGULATIONS PROMULGATED THEREUNDER.
14. Governing Law; Exclusive Jurisdiction. This Agreement shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the internal laws of the State of Delaware. Any legal suit, action or proceeding arising out of or based upon this Agreement or the transactions contemplated hereby may be instituted exclusively in the Delaware Court of Chancery, or if the Delaware Court of Chancery determines that it does not have subject matter jurisdiction, the U.S. District Court for the District of Delaware or any court of the State of Delaware having subject matter jurisdiction regarding the matter, and each party irrevocably submits to the exclusive jurisdiction of such courts in any such suit, action or proceeding. The parties irrevocably and unconditionally waive any objection to the laying of venue of any suit, action or any proceeding in such courts and irrevocably waive and agree not to plead or claim in any such court that any such suit, action or proceeding brought in any such court has been brought in an inconvenient forum.
15. Severability. In case any one or more of the provisions contained in this Agreement is for any reason held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable in any respect, such invalidity, illegality, or unenforceability shall not affect any other provision of this Agreement, and such invalid, illegal, or unenforceable provision shall be reformed and construed so that it will be valid, legal, and enforceable to the maximum extent permitted by law.
16. Successors and Assigns. The terms and conditions of this Agreement shall inure to the benefit of and be binding upon the respective successors and permitted assigns of the parties. Nothing in this Agreement, express or implied, is intended to confer upon any party other than the parties hereto or their respective successors and permitted assigns any rights, remedies, obligations or liabilities under or by reason of this Agreement, except as expressly provided in this Agreement. The Investor may not assign any of its rights or obligations under this Agreement without the prior written consent of the Company, and any such purported assignment without such consent shall be null and void ab initio.
17. Amendments. This Agreement may be amended or otherwise modified only by a written instrument executed by the Investor and the Company.
18. Delays or Omissions. No delay or omission to exercise any right, power or remedy accruing to any party under this Agreement, upon any breach or default of any other party under this Agreement, shall impair any such right, power or remedy of such non-breaching or non-defaulting party nor shall it be construed to be a waiver of any such breach or default, or an acquiescence therein, of or in any similar breach or default thereafter occurring; nor shall any waiver of any single breach or default be deemed a waiver of any other breach or default theretofore or thereafter occurring. Any waiver, permit, consent or approval of any kind or character on the part of any party of any breach or default under this Agreement, or any waiver on the part of any party of any provisions or conditions of this Agreement, must be in writing and shall be effective only to the extent specifically set forth in such writing. All remedies, either under this Agreement or by law or otherwise afforded to any party, shall be cumulative and not alternative.
19. Specific Performance. In addition to any and all other remedies that may be available at law in the event of any breach of this Agreement, the Company shall be entitled to specific performance of the agreements and obligations of the Investor hereunder and to such other injunction or other equitable relief as may be granted by a court of competent jurisdiction, without posting a bond or undertaking and without proof of damages and this being in addition to any other remedy to which the Company may be entitled at law or in equity.
20. No Strict Construction. In the event an ambiguity or question of intent or interpretation arises, this Agreement will be construed as if drafted jointly by the parties hereto, and no presumption or burden of proof will arise favoring or disfavoring any party by virtue of the authorship of any of the provisions of this Agreement.
21. Fees and Expenses. Each party will pay its own fees and expenses in connection with this Agreement and transactions contemplated hereby.
Digital Offering, LLC, the Selling Agent, and My IPO are registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") as broker-dealers. Brokerage and investment advisory services and fees differ, and it is important for the Investor to understand the differences. The Client Relationship Summary provides details about brokerage and advisory services, fees, and other important information. For My IPO, please review the information prior to submitting this indication. For My IPO, the Client Relationship Summary can be found at https://legacy.tradingblock.com/Docs/Agreements/tb/AOS_MyIPO_Form_CRS.pdf. For Digital Offering, please review the information prior to submitting this indication at Digital Offering Reg BI Disclosure https://www.digitaloffering.com/_files/ugd/99208b_2ab07abb4aa7436eb44000e6aad67200.pdf. Digital Offering has retained AOS Inc. dba My IPO and R.F. Lafferty & Co., Inc. to participate in the offering as soliciting dealers. Please refer to the section of the Amended Offering Circular titled "Plan of Distribution-Selling Agents' Commission" for further disclosure related to commissions payable the Selling Agents in connection with the sale of the Shares in the offering.
The Investor acknowledges that the Investor has reviewed the client relationship summary link provided above and the disclosure in the Amended Offering Circular related to Digital Offering and the other Selling Agents.
The Investor's Consent is Hereby Given: By signing this Agreement electronically, the Investor is explicitly agreeing to receive documents electronically including a copy of this signed Agreement as well as ongoing disclosures, communications and notices.
SIGNATURES:
IF THE INVESTOR SET FORTH BELOW IS AN ENTITY, THE UNDERSIGNED HAS THE AUTHORITY TO ENTER INTO THIS AGREEMENT ON BEHALF OF THE ENTITY.
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Investor:
[●]
_______________________________________ Name: Title (if applicable): Email: Date: |
Issuer:
Starfighters Space, Inc.
_________________________ Name: David Whitney Title: Chief Financial Officer |
__________
AMENDED AND RESTATED
2023 STOCK INCENTIVE PLAN
For:
STARFIGHTERS SPACE, INC.
Dated August 12, 2025
__________
STARFIGHTERS SPACE, INC.
2023 STOCK INCENTIVE PLAN
1. PURPOSE
1.1 The purpose of this Stock Incentive Plan (the "Plan") is to advance the interests of Starfighters Space, Inc. (the "Company") by encouraging Eligible Participants (as herein defined) to acquire shares of the Company, thereby increasing their proprietary interest in the Company, encouraging them to remain associated with the Company and furnish them with additional incentive in their efforts on behalf of the Company in the conduct of their affairs.
1.2 This Plan is specifically designed for Eligible Participants of the Company who are residents of the United States and/or subject to taxation in the United States, although Awards (as herein defined) under this Plan may be issued to other Eligible Participants.
1.3 The maximum aggregate number of shares of the Company which may be issued pursuant to all awards under this Plan is set forth in Section 3.1(a) hereof.
2. DEFINITIONS
2.1 As used herein, the following definitions shall apply:
(a) "Administrator" means the Committee or otherwise the Board;
(b) "Affiliate" and "Associate" have the meanings ascribed to such terms in Rule 12b-2 promulgated under the Exchange Act;
(c) "Applicable Laws" means the legal requirements relating to the administration of stock incentive plans, if any, under applicable provisions of federal securities laws, state corporate laws, state or provincial securities laws, the Code, the rules of any applicable stock exchange or national market system, and the rules of any foreign jurisdiction applicable to Awards granted to residents therein;
(d) "Award" means the grant of an Option, SAR, Restricted Stock, unrestricted Shares, Restricted Stock Unit, Deferred Stock Unit or other right or benefit under this Plan;
(e) "Award Agreement" means the written agreement evidencing the grant of an Award executed by the Company and the Grantee, including any amendments thereto;
(f) "Board" means the Board of Directors of the Company;
(g) "Cause" means, with respect to the termination by the Company or a Related Entity of the Grantee's Continuous Service, that such termination is for "Cause" as such term is expressly defined in a then-effective written agreement between the Grantee and the Company or such Related Entity, or in the absence of such then-effective written agreement and definition, is based on, in the determination of the Administrator, the Grantee's:
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(i) refusal or failure to act in accordance with any specific, lawful direction or order of the Company or a Related Entity;
(ii) unfitness or unavailability for service or unsatisfactory performance (other than as a result of Disability);
(iii) performance of any act or failure to perform any act in bad faith and to the detriment of the Company or a Related Entity;
(iv) dishonesty, intentional misconduct or material breach of any agreement with the Company or a Related Entity; or
(v) commission of a crime involving dishonesty, breach of trust, or physical or emotional harm to any person;
(h) "Change of Control" means, except as provided below, a change in ownership or control of the Company effected through any of the following transactions:
(i) the direct or indirect acquisition by any person or related group of persons (other than an acquisition from or by the Company or by a Company-sponsored employee benefit plan or by a person that directly or indirectly controls, is controlled by, or is under common control with, the Company) of beneficial ownership (within the meaning of Rule 13d-3 of the Exchange Act) of securities possessing more than 50% of the total combined voting power of the Company's outstanding securities pursuant to a tender or exchange offer made directly to the Company's shareholders which a majority of the Continuing Directors who are not Affiliates or Associates of the offeror do not recommend such shareholders accept;
(ii) a change in the composition of the Board over a period of 36 months or less such that a majority of the Board members (rounded up to the next whole number) ceases, by reason of one or more contested elections for Board membership, to be comprised of individuals who are Continuing Directors;
(iii) the sale or exchange by the Company (in one or a series of transactions) of all or substantially all of its assets to any other person or entity; or
(iv) approval by the shareholders of the Company of a plan to dissolve and liquidate the Company.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, the following transactions shall not constitute a Change of Control:
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(i) the closing of any public offering of the Company's securities pursuant to an effective registration statement filed under the United States Securities Act of 1933, as amended;
(ii) the closing of a public offering of the Company's securities through the facilities of any stock exchange; or
(iii) with respect to an Award that is subject to Section 409A of the Code, and payment or settlement of such Award is to be accelerated in connection with an event that would otherwise constitute a Change of Control, no event set forth previously in this definition shall constitute a Change of Control for purposes of this Plan or any Award Agreement unless such event also constitutes a "change in the ownership", a "change in the effective control" or a "change in the ownership of a substantial portion of the assets of the corporation" as defined under Section 409A of the Code and Treasury guidance formulated thereunder, which guidance currently provides that:
(A) a change in ownership of a corporation shall be deemed to have occurred if any one person or more than one person acting as a group acquires stock of a corporation that constitutes more than 50% of the total Fair Market Value or total voting power of the stock of the corporation. Stock acquired by any person or group of people who already own more than 50% of such total Fair Market Value or total voting power of stock shall not trigger a change in ownership;
(B) a change in the effective control of a corporation generally shall be deemed to have occurred if within a 12-month period either:
(I) any one person or more than one person acting as a group acquires ownership of stock possessing 35% or more of the total voting power of the stock of the corporation; or
(II) a majority of the members of the corporation's board of directors is replaced by directors whose appointment or election is not endorsed by a majority of the members of the corporation's board of directors prior to the date of the appointment or election; and
(C) a change in the ownership of a substantial portion of the corporation's assets generally is deemed to occur if within a 12-month period any person, or more than one person acting as a group, acquires assets from the corporation that have a total gross fair market value at least equal to 40% of the total gross fair market value of all the corporation's assets immediately prior to such acquisition. The gross fair market value of assets is determined without regard to any liabilities;
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(i) "Code" means the United States Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended;
(j) "Committee" means the Compensation Committee or any other committee appointed by the Board to administer this Plan in accordance with the provisions of this Plan; provided, however, that:
(i) the Committee shall consist of two or more members of the Board;
(ii) the directors appointed to serve on the Committee shall be "non-employee directors" (within the meaning of Rule 16b-3 promulgated under the Exchange Act) and "outside directors" (within the meaning of Section 162(m) of the Code) to the extent that Rule 16b-3 and, if necessary for relief from the limitation under Section 162(m) of the Code and such relief is sought by the Company, Section 162(m) of the Code, respectively, are applicable;
(iii) the mere fact that a Committee member shall fail to qualify under either of the foregoing requirements set forth in Section 2.1(j)(ii) shall not invalidate any Award made by the Committee which Award is otherwise validly made under the Plan; and
(iv) members of the Committee may be appointed from time to time by, and shall serve at the pleasure of, the Board;
(k) "Common Stock" means the common stock of the Company;
(l) "Company" means Starfighters Space, Inc., a Delaware corporation;
(m) "Consultant" means any person (other than an Employee) who is engaged by the Company or any Related Entity to render consulting or advisory services to the Company or such Related Entity;
(n) "Continuing Directors" means members of the Board who either (i) have been Board members continuously for a period of at least 36 months, or (ii) have been Board members for less than 36 months and were appointed or nominated for election as Board members by at least a majority of the Board members described in clause (i) who were still in office at the time such appointment or nomination was approved by the Board;
(o) "Continuous Service" means that the provision of services to the Company or a Related Entity in any capacity of Employee, Director or Consultant that is not interrupted or terminated. Continuous Service shall not be considered interrupted in the case of (i) any approved leave of absence, (ii) transfers between locations of the Company or among the Company, any Related Entity, or any successor, in any capacity of Employee, Director or Consultant, or (iii) any change in status as long as the individual remains in the service of the Company or a Related Entity in any capacity of Employee, Director or Consultant (except as otherwise provided in the Award Agreement). An approved leave of absence shall include sick leave, maternity or paternity leave, military leave, or any other authorized personal leave. For purposes of Incentive Stock Options, no such leave may exceed 90 calendar days, unless reemployment upon expiration of such leave is guaranteed by statute or contract;
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(p) "Corporate Transaction" means any of the following transactions:
(i) a merger or consolidation in which the Company is not the surviving entity, except for a transaction the principal purpose of which is to change the jurisdiction in which the Company is organized;
(ii) the sale, transfer or other disposition of all or substantially all of the assets of the Company (including the capital stock of the Company's subsidiary corporations) in connection with the complete liquidation or dissolution of the Company; or
(iii) any reverse merger in which the Company is the surviving entity but in which securities possessing more than 50% of the total combined voting power of the Company's outstanding securities are transferred to a person or persons different from those who held such securities immediately prior to such merger;
(q) "Covered Employee" means an Employee who is a "covered employee" under Section 162(m)(3) of the Code;
(r) "Deferred Stock Units" means Awards that are granted to Directors and are subject to the additional provisions set out in Subpart A which is attached hereto and which forms a material part hereof;
(s) "Director" means a member of the Board or the board of directors of any Related Entity;
(t) "Disability" or "Disabled" means that a Grantee is unable to carry out the responsibilities and functions of the position held by the Grantee by reason of any medically determinable physical or mental impairment. A Grantee shall not be considered to have incurred a Disability unless he or she furnishes proof of such impairment sufficient to satisfy the Administrator in its discretion. Notwithstanding the above, (i) with respect to an Incentive Stock Option, Disability or Disabled shall mean permanent and total disability as defined in Section 22(e)(3) of the Code and (ii) to the extent an Option is subject to Section 409A of the Code, and payment or settlement of the Option is to be accelerated solely as a result of the Eligible Participant's Disability, Disability shall have the meaning ascribed thereto under Section 409A of the Code and the Treasury guidance promulgated thereunder;
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(u) "Disinterested Shareholder Approval" means approval by a majority of the votes cast by all the Company's shareholders at a duly constituted shareholders' meeting, excluding votes attached to shares beneficially owned by Insiders;
(v) "Eligible Participant" means any person who is an Officer, a Director, an Employee or a Consultant, including individuals who are foreign nationals or are employed or reside outside the United States;
(w) "Employee" means any person who is a full-time or part-time employee of the Company or any Related Entity;
(x) "Exchange Act" means the United States Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended;
(y) "Fair Market Value" means, as of any date, the value of a Share determined in good faith by the Administrator. By way of illustration, but not limitation, for the purpose of this definition, good faith shall be met if the Administrator employs the following methods:
(i) Listed Stock. If the Common Stock is traded on any established stock exchange or quoted on a national market system, Fair Market Value shall be (A) the closing sales price for the Common Stock as quoted on that stock exchange or system for the date the value is to be determined (the "Value Date") as reported in The Wall Street Journal or a similar publication, or (B) if the rules of the applicable stock exchange require, the volume-weighted average trading price for five days prior to the date the Board approves the grant of the Award. If no sales are reported as having occurred on the Value Date, Fair Market Value shall be that closing sales price for the last preceding trading day on which sales of Common Stock are reported as having occurred. If no sales are reported as having occurred during the five trading days before the Value Date, Fair Market Value shall be the closing bid for Common Stock on the Value Date. If the Common Stock is listed on multiple exchanges or systems, Fair Market Value shall be based on sales or bids on the primary exchange or system on which Common Stock is traded or quoted. If the rules of any applicable stock exchange or system require a different method of calculating Fair Market Value, then such method as required by those rules shall be used;
(ii) Stock Quoted by Securities Dealer. If Common Stock is regularly quoted by a recognized securities dealer but selling prices are not reported on any established stock exchange or quoted on a national market system, Fair Market Value shall be the mean between the high bid and low asked prices on the Value Date. If no prices are quoted for the Value Date, Fair Market Value shall be the mean between the high bid and low asked prices on the last preceding trading day on which any bid and asked prices were quoted;
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(iii) No Established Market. If Common Stock is not traded on any established stock exchange or quoted on a national market system and is not quoted by a recognized securities dealer, the Administrator will determine Fair Market Value in good faith. The Administrator will consider the following factors, and any others it considers significant, in determining Fair Market Value: (A) the price at which other securities of the Company have been issued to purchasers other than Employees, Directors, or Consultants; (B) the Company's net worth, prospective earning power, dividend-paying capacity, and non-operating assets, if any; and (C) any other relevant factors, including the economic outlook for the Company and the Company's industry, the Company's position in that industry, the Company's goodwill and other intellectual property, and the values of securities of other businesses in the same industry;
(iv) Additional Valuation. For publicly traded companies, any valuation method permitted under Section 20.2031-2 of the Estate Tax Regulations; or
(v) Non-Publicly Traded Stock. For non-publicly traded stock, the Fair Market Value of the Common Stock at the Grant Date based on an average of the Fair Market Values as of such date set forth in the opinions of completely independent and well-qualified experts (the Eligible Participant's status as a majority or minority shareholder may be taken into consideration).
Regardless of whether the Common Stock offered under the Award is publicly traded, a good faith attempt under this definition shall not be met unless the Fair Market Value of the Common Stock on the Grant Date is determined with regard to nonlapse restrictions (as defined in Section 1.83-3(h) of the Treasury Regulations) and without regard to lapse restrictions (as defined in Section 1.83-3(i) of the Treasury Regulations);
(z) "Grantee" means an Eligible Participant who receives an Award pursuant to an Award Agreement;
(aa) "Grant Date" means the date the Administrator approves that grant of an Award. However, if the Administrator specifies that an Award's Grant Date is a future date or the date on which a condition is satisfied, the Grant Date for such Award is that future date or the date that the condition is satisfied;
(bb) "Incentive Stock Option" means an Option within the meaning of Section 422 of the Code;
(cc) "Insider" means:
(i) a Director or Senior Officer of the Company;
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(ii) a Director or Senior Officer of a person that is itself an Insider or Subsidiary of the Company;
(iii) a person that has
(A) direct or indirect beneficial ownership of,
(B) control or direction over, or
(C) a combination of direct or indirect beneficial ownership of and control or direction over,
securities of the Company carrying more than 10% of the voting rights attached to all the Company's outstanding voting securities, excluding, for the purpose of the calculation of the percentage held, any securities held by the person as underwriter in the course of a distribution; or
(iv) the Company itself, if it has purchased, redeemed or otherwise acquired any securities of its own issue, for so long as it continues to hold those securities;
(dd) "Named Executive Officer" means, if applicable, an Eligible Participant who, as of the date of vesting and/or payout of an Award, is one of the group of Covered Employees as defined;
(ee) "Non-Qualified Stock Option" means an Option which is not an Incentive Stock Option;
(ff) "Officer" means a person who is an officer, including a Senior Officer, of the Company or a Related Entity within the meaning of Section 16 of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder;
(gg) "Option" means an option to purchase Shares pursuant to an Award Agreement granted under the Plan;
(hh) "Parent" means a "parent corporation", whether now or hereafter existing, as defined in Section 424(e) of the Code;
(ii) "Performance-Based Compensation" means compensation qualifying as "performance-based compensation" under Section 162(m) of the Code;
(jj) "Plan" means this Amended and Restated 2023 Stock Incentive Plan as amended from time to time;
(kk) "Related Entity" means any Parent or Subsidiary, and includes any business, corporation, partnership, limited liability company or other entity in which the Company, a Parent or a Subsidiary holds a greater than 50% ownership interest, directly or indirectly, or contractually controls such entity;
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(ll) "Related Entity Disposition" means the sale, distribution or other disposition by the Company of all or substantially all of the Company's interests in any Related Entity effected by a sale, merger or consolidation or other transaction involving that Related Entity or the sale of all or substantially all of the assets of that Related Entity;
(mm) "Restricted Stock" means Shares issued under the Plan to the Grantee for such consideration, if any, and subject to such restrictions on transfer, rights of first refusal, repurchase provisions, forfeiture provisions, and other terms and conditions as, established by the Administrator and specified in the related Award Agreement;
(nn) "Restricted Stock Unit" means a notional account established pursuant to an Award granted to a Grantee, as described in this Plan, that is (i) valued solely by reference to Shares, (ii) subject to restrictions specified in the Award Agreement, and (iii) payable only in Shares;
(oo) "Restriction Period" means the period during which the transfer of Shares of Restricted Stock is limited in some way (based on the passage of time, the achievement of performance objectives, or the occurrence of other events as determined by the Administrator, in its sole discretion) or the Restricted Stock is not vested;
(pp) "SAR" means a stock appreciation right entitling the Grantee to Shares or cash compensation, as established by the Administrator, measured by appreciation in the value of Common Stock;
(qq) "SEC" means the United States Securities and Exchange Commission;
(rr) "Senior Officer" means:
(i) the chair or vice chair of the Board, the president, the chief executive officer, the chief financial officer, a vice-president, the secretary, the treasurer or the general manager of the Company or a Related Entity;
(ii) any individual who performs functions for a person similar to those normally performed by an individual occupying any office specified in Section 2.1(rr)(i) above; and
(iii) the five highest paid employees of the Company or a Related Entity, including any individual referred to in Section 2.1(rr)(i) or 2.1(rr)(ii) and excluding a commissioned salesperson who does not act in a managerial capacity;
(ss) "Share" means a share of the Common Stock; and
(tt) "Subsidiary" means a "subsidiary corporation", whether now or hereafter existing, as defined in Section 424(f) of the Code.
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3. STOCK SUBJECT TO THE PLAN
Number of Shares Available
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3.1 |
(a) Subject to the provisions of Section 18, the maximum aggregate number of Shares which may be issued pursuant to all Awards (including Incentive Stock Options) under this Plan is 4,700,000 (the "Maximum Number"). Refer to Section 29 for Reservation of Shares. Shares reacquired by the Company in the open market using cash proceeds from the exercise of Options will not be available for Awards under the Plan. |
(b) Shares that have been issued under the Plan pursuant to an Award shall not be returned to the Plan and shall not become available for future issuance under the Plan, except that Shares covered by an Award (or portion of an Award) which is forfeited, cancelled, expired or settled in cash (which cash settlement is only available with respect to Shares or in-the-money Options or SARs if provided for in the Award Agreement) shall be deemed not to have been issued for the purposes of determining the Maximum Number of Shares which may be issued under the Plan. For the avoidance of doubt: (i) the Company shall not return to the Plan any Shares tendered for the exercise of any Award under the Plan; (ii) Shares withheld to satisfy a Grantee's tax withholding obligations shall be deemed to have been issued under the Plan for the purposes of determining the Maximum Number of Shares; (iii) the gross (not net) number of Shares that are issued pursuant to the exercise of an Award shall be deemed to have been issued under the Plan for the purposes of determining the Maximum Number of Shares; and (iv) if any stock-settled SARs are exercised, the aggregate number of Shares subject to such SARs shall be deemed issued under the Plan for the purposes of determining the Maximum Number of Shares.
(c) However, in the event that prior to the Award's cancellation, termination, expiration, forfeiture or lapse, the holder of the Award at any time received one or more elements of beneficial ownership pursuant to such Award (as defined by the SEC, pursuant to any rule or interpretations promulgated under Section 16 of the Exchange Act), the Shares subject to such Award shall not again be made available for regrant under the Plan.
Shares to Insiders
3.2 Subject to Sections 15.1(b) and 15.1(c), no Insider of the Company is eligible to receive an Award where:
(a) the Insider is not a Director or Senior Officer of the Company;
(b) any Award, together with all of the Company's other previously established or proposed Awards under the Plan could result at any time in:
(i) the number of Shares reserved for issuance pursuant to Options granted to Insiders exceeding 50% of the outstanding issue of Common Stock; or
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(ii) the issuance to Insiders pursuant to the exercise of Options, within a one year period of a number of Shares exceeding 50% of the outstanding issue of the Common Stock;
provided, however, that this restriction on the eligibility of Insiders to receive an Award shall cease to apply if it is no longer required under any Applicable Laws.
Limitations on Award
3.3 Unless and until the Administrator determines that an Award to a Grantee is not designed to qualify as Performance-Based Compensation, the following limits (the "Award Limits") shall apply to grants of Awards to Grantees subject to the Award Limits by Applicable Laws under this Plan:
(a) Options and SARs. Notwithstanding any provision in the Plan to the contrary (but subject to adjustment as provided in Section 18), the maximum number of Shares with respect to one or more Options and/or SARs that may be granted during any one calendar year under the Plan to any one Grantee shall be 500,000; all of which may be granted as Incentive Stock Options); and
(b) Other Awards. The maximum aggregate grant with respect to Awards of Restricted Stock, unrestricted Shares, Restricted Stock Units and Deferred Stock Units (or used to provide a basis of measurement for or to determine the value of Restricted Stock Units and Deferred Stock Units) in any one calendar year to any one Grantee (determined on the date of payment of settlement) shall be 500,000.
4. ADMINISTRATION
Authority of Plan Administrator
4.1 Authority to control and manage the operation and administration of this Plan shall be vested in the Administrator.
Powers of the Administrator
4.2 Subject to Applicable Laws and the provisions of the Plan or subplans hereof (including any other powers given to the Administrator hereunder), and except as otherwise provided by the Board, the Administrator shall have the exclusive power and authority, in its discretion:
(a) to construe and interpret this Plan and any agreements defining the rights and obligations of the Company and Grantees under this Plan;
(b) to select the Eligible Participants to whom Awards may be granted from time to time hereunder;
(c) to determine whether and to what extent Awards are granted hereunder;
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(d) to determine the number of Shares or the amount of other consideration to be covered by each Award granted hereunder;
(e) to approve forms of Award Agreements for use under the Plan, which need not be identical for each Grantee;
(f) to determine the terms and conditions of any Award granted under the Plan, including, but not limited to, the exercise price, grant price or purchase price based on the Fair Market Value of the same, any restrictions or limitations on the Award, any schedule for lapse of forfeiture restrictions or restrictions on the exercisability of the Award, based in each case on such considerations as the Committee in its sole discretion determines that is not inconsistent with any rule or regulation under any tax or securities laws or includes an alternative right that does not disqualify an Incentive Stock Option under applicable regulations;
(g) to amend the terms of any outstanding Award granted under the Plan (other than the exercise price or acceleration of outstanding Awards), provided that any amendment that would adversely affect the Grantee's rights under an existing Award shall not be made without the Grantee's consent unless as a result of a change in Applicable Law;
(h) to suspend the right of a holder to exercise all or part of an Award for any reason that the Administrator considers in the best interest of the Company;
(i) to, subject to regulatory approval, amend or suspend the Plan, or revoke or alter any action taken in connection therewith, except that no general amendment or suspension of the Plan, shall, without the written consent of all Grantees, alter or impair any Award granted under the Plan unless as a result of a change in the Applicable Law;
(j) to establish additional terms, conditions, rules or procedures to accommodate the rules or laws of applicable foreign jurisdictions and to afford Grantees favorable treatment under such laws; provided, however, that no Award shall be granted under any such additional terms, conditions, rules or procedures with terms or conditions which are inconsistent with the provisions of the Plan;
(k) to further define the terms used in this Plan;
(l) to correct any defect or supply any omission or reconcile any inconsistency in this Plan or in any Award Agreement;
(m) to provide for rights of refusal and/or repurchase rights;
(n) to amend outstanding Award Agreements (other than the exercise price or acceleration of outstanding Awards) to provide for, among other things, any change or modification which the Administrator could have provided for upon the grant of an Award or in furtherance of the powers provided for herein that does not disqualify an Incentive Stock Option under applicable regulations unless the Grantee so consents;
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(o) to prescribe, amend and rescind rules and regulations relating to the administration of this Plan; and
(p) to take such other action, not inconsistent with the terms of the Plan, as the Administrator deems appropriate.
Except in connection with a corporate transaction involving the Company (including, without limitation, any stock dividend, stock split, extraordinary cash dividend, recapitalization, reorganization, merger, consolidation, split-up, spin-off, combination or exchange of shares), (i) the terms of outstanding Awards may not be amended to reduce the exercise price or provide for the acceleration of outstanding Options or SARs, and (ii) outstanding Options or SARs may not be cancelled, exchanged, bought out or surrendered in exchange for cash, other awards or Options or SARs with an exercise price that is less than the exercise price of the original Options or SARs, in each of cases (i) or (ii) without stockholder approval.
Effect of Administrator's Decision
4.3 All decisions, determinations and interpretations of the Administrator shall be conclusive and binding on all persons. The Administrator shall not be liable for any decision, action or omission respecting this Plan, or any Awards granted or Shares sold under this Plan. In the event an Award is granted in a manner inconsistent with the provisions of this Section 4, such Award shall be presumptively valid as of its grant date to the extent permitted by the Applicable Laws.
Action by Committee
4.4 Except as otherwise provided by committee charter or other similar corporate governance documents, for the purposes of administering the Plan, the following rules of procedure shall govern the Committee. A majority of the Committee shall constitute a quorum. The acts of a majority of the members present at any meeting at which a quorum is present, and acts approved unanimously in writing by the members of the Committee in lieu of a meeting, shall be deemed the acts of the Committee. Each member of the Committee is entitled to, in good faith, rely or act upon any report or other information furnished to that member by any officer or other employee of the Company or any Parent or Affiliate, the Company's independent certified public accountants, or any executive compensation consultant or other professional retained by the Company to assist in the administration of the Plan.
Limitation on Liability
4.5 To the extent permitted by applicable law in effect from time to time, no member of the Administrator shall be liable for any action or omission of any other member of the Administrator nor for any act or omission on the member's own part, excepting only the member's own wilful misconduct or gross negligence, arising out of or related to this Plan. The Company shall pay expenses incurred by, and satisfy a judgment or fine rendered or levied against, a present or former member of the Administrator in any action against such person (whether or not the Company is joined as a party defendant) to impose liability or a penalty on such person for an act alleged to have been committed by such person while a member of the Administrator arising with respect to this Plan or administration thereof or out of membership on the Administrator or by the Company, or all or any combination of the preceding, provided, the member was acting in good faith, within what such member reasonably believed to have been within the scope of his or her employment or authority and for a purpose which he or she reasonably believed to be in the best interests of the Company or its stockholders. Payments authorized hereunder include amounts paid and expenses incurred in settling any such action or threatened action. The provisions of this Section 4.5 shall apply to the estate, executor, administrator, heirs, legatees or devisees of a member of the Administrator, and the term "person" as used on this Section 4.5 shall include the estate, executor, administrator, heirs, legatees, or devisees of such person.
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5. ELIGIBILITY
Except as otherwise provided, all types of Awards may be granted to Eligible Participants. An Eligible Participant who has been granted an Award may be, if he or she continues to be eligible, granted additional Awards.
6. AWARDS
Type of Awards
6.1 The Administrator is authorized to award any type of arrangement to an Eligible Participant that is not inconsistent with the provisions of the Plan and that by its terms involves or might involve the issuance of:
(a) Shares, including unrestricted Shares;
(b) Options;
(c) SARs or similar rights with a fixed price at no less than a grant date Fair Market Value of the Shares and with an exercise or conversion privilege related to the passage of time, the occurrence of one or more events, or the satisfaction of performance criteria or other conditions;
(d) any other security with the value derived from the value of the Shares, such as Restricted Stock and Restricted Stock Units;
(e) Deferred Stock Units;
(f) Dividend Equivalent Rights, as defined in Section 13; or
(g) any combination of the foregoing.
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Designation of Award
6.2 Each type of Award shall be designated in the Award Agreement. In the case of an Option, the Option shall be designated as either an Incentive Stock Option or a Non-Qualified Stock Option. Refer to Section 7.3(a) regarding exceeding the Incentive Stock Option threshold.
7. GRANT OF OPTIONS; TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF GRANT
Grant of Options
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7.1 |
(a) One or more Options may be granted to any Eligible Participant. Subject to the express provisions of this Plan, the Administrator shall determine from the Eligible Participants those individuals to whom Options under this Plan may be granted. The Shares underlying a grant of an Option may be in the form of Restricted Stock or unrestricted Stock. |
(b) Further, subject to the express provisions of this Plan, the Administrator shall specify the Grant Date, the number of Shares covered by the Option, the exercise price and the terms and conditions for exercise of the Options. As soon as practicable after the Grant Date, the Company shall provide the Grantee with a written Award Agreement in the form approved by the Administrator, which sets out the Grant Date, the number of Shares covered by the Option, the exercise price and the terms and conditions for exercise of the Option.
(c) The Administrator may, in its absolute discretion, grant Options under this Plan at any time and from time to time before the expiration of this Plan.
General Terms and Conditions
7.2 Except as otherwise provided herein, the Options shall be subject to the following terms and conditions and such other terms and conditions not inconsistent with this Plan as the Administrator may impose:
(a) Exercise of Option. The Administrator may determine in its discretion whether any Option shall be subject to vesting and the terms and conditions of any such vesting. The Award Agreement shall contain any such vesting schedule;
(b) Option Term. Each Option and all rights or obligations thereunder shall expire on such date as shall be determined by the Administrator, but not later than ten years after the Grant Date (five years in the case of an Incentive Stock Option when the Optionee beneficially owns more than 10% of the total combined voting power of all classes of stock of the Company or any Parent or Subsidiary (a "Ten Percent Stockholder"), as determined with reference to Rule 13d-3 of the Exchange Act), and shall be subject to earlier termination as hereinafter provided;
(c) Exercise Price. The exercise price of any Option shall be determined by the Administrator when the Option is granted, at such exercise price as may be determined by the Administrator in the Administrator's sole and absolute discretion; provided, however, that the exercise price may not be less than 100% of the Fair Market Value of the Shares on the Grant Date with respect to any Options which are granted and, provided further, that the exercise price of any Incentive Stock Option granted to a Ten Percent Stockholder shall not be less than 110% of the Fair Market Value of the Shares on the Grant Date. Payment for the Shares purchased shall be made in accordance with Section 16 of this Plan. The Administrator is authorized to issue Options, whether Incentive Stock Options or Non-qualified Stock Options, at an option price in excess of the Fair Market Value on the Grant Date, to determine the terms and conditions of any Award granted under the Plan, including, but not limited to, the exercise price, grant price or purchase price, any restrictions or limitations on the Award, any schedule for lapse of forfeiture restrictions or restrictions on the exercisability of the Award, based in each case on such considerations as the Committee in its sole discretion determines that is not inconsistent with any rule or regulation under any tax or securities laws or includes an alternative right that does not disqualify an Incentive Stock Option under applicable regulations;
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(d) Method of Exercise. Options may be exercised only by delivery to the Company of a stock option exercise agreement (the "Exercise Agreement") in a form approved by the Administrator (which need not be the same for each Grantee), stating the number of Shares being purchased, the restrictions imposed on the Shares purchased under such Exercise Agreement, if any, and such representations and agreements regarding the Grantee's investment intent and access to information and other matters, if any, as may be required or desirable by the Company to comply with applicable securities laws, together with payment in full of the exercise price for the number of Shares being purchased;
(e) Exercise After Certain Events.
(i) Termination of Continuous Services.
(A) Options.
(I) Termination of Continuous Services. If for any reason other than Disability or death, a Grantee terminates Continuous Services with the Company or a Subsidiary, vested Options held at the date of such termination may be exercised, in whole or in part, either (i) at any time within three months after the date of such termination, or (ii) during any lesser period as specified in the Award Agreement or (iii) during any lesser period as may be determined by the Administrator, in its sole and absolute discretion, prior to the date of such termination (but in no event after the earlier of (A) the expiration date of the Option as set forth in the Award Agreement and (B) ten years from the Grant Date (five years for a Ten Percent Stockholder if the Option is an Incentive Stock Option)).
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(II) Continuation of Services as Consultant/Advisor. If a Grantee granted an Incentive Stock Option terminates employment but continues as a Consultant (no termination of Continuous Services), the Grantee need not exercise an Incentive Stock Option within either of the termination periods provided for immediately hereinabove but shall be entitled to exercise, in whole or in part, either (i) at any time within three months after the then date of termination of Continuous Services to the Company or a Subsidiary, or (ii) during any lesser period as specified in the Award Agreement or (iii) during any lesser period as may be determined by the Administrator, in its sole and absolute discretion, prior to the date of such then termination of Continuous Services to the Company or the Subsidiary (one year in the event of Disability or death) (but in no event after the earlier of (A) the expiration date of the Option as set forth in the Award Agreement and (B) ten years from the Grant Date (five years for a Ten Percent Stockholder if the Option is an Incentive Stock Option)). However, if the Grantee does not exercise within three months of termination of employment, pursuant to Section 422 of the Code the Option shall not qualify as an Incentive Stock Option.
(B) Disability and Death. If a Grantee becomes Disabled while rendering Continuous Services to the Company or a Subsidiary, or dies while employed by the Company or Subsidiary or within three months thereafter, vested Options then held may be exercised by the Grantee, the Grantee's personal representative, or by the person to whom the Option is transferred by the laws of descent and distribution, in whole or in part, at any time within one year after the termination because of the Disability or death or any lesser period specified in the Award Agreement (but in no event after the earlier of (i) the expiration date of the Option as set forth in the Award Agreement, and (ii) ten years from the Grant Date (five years for a Ten Percent Stockholder if the Option is an Incentive Stock Option).
Limitations on Grant of Incentive Stock Options
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7.3 |
(a) Threshold. The aggregate Fair Market Value (determined as of the Grant Date) of the Shares for which Incentive Stock Options may first become exercisable by any Grantee during any calendar year under this Plan, together with that of Shares subject to Incentive Stock Options first exercisable by such Grantee under any other plan of the Company or any Parent or Subsidiary, shall not exceed $100,000. For purposes of this Section 7.3(a), all Options in excess of the $100,000 threshold shall be treated as Non-Qualified Stock Options notwithstanding the designation as Incentive Stock Options. For this purpose, Options shall be taken into account in the order in which they were granted, and the Fair Market Value of the Shares shall be determined as of the date the Option with respect to such Shares is granted. |
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(b) Compliance with Section 422 of the Code. There shall be imposed in the Award Agreement relating to Incentive Stock Options such terms and conditions as are required in order that the Option be an "incentive stock option" as that term is defined in Section 422 of the Code.
(c) Requirement of Employment. No Incentive Stock Option may be granted to any person who is not an Employee of the Company or a Parent or Subsidiary of the Company.
8. RESTRICTED STOCK AWARDS
Grant of Restricted Stock Awards
8.1 Subject to the terms and provisions of this Plan, the Administrator is authorized to make awards of Restricted Stock to any Eligible Participant in such amounts and subject to such terms and conditions as may be selected by the Administrator. The restrictions may lapse separately or in combination at such times, under such circumstances, in such instalments, time-based or upon the satisfaction of performance goals or otherwise, as the Administrator determines at the time of the grant of the Award. (Refer to Performance Goals, Section 14.4). All awards of Restricted Stock shall be evidenced by Award Agreements.
Consideration
8.2 Restricted Stock may be issued in connection with:
(a) Services. Services rendered to the Company or an Affiliate (i.e. bonus); and/or
(b) Purchase Price. A purchase price, as specified in the Award Agreement related to such Restricted Stock, equal to not less than 100% of the Fair Market Value of the Shares underlying the Restricted Stock on the date of issuance.
Voting and Dividends
8.3 Unless the Administrator in its sole and absolute discretion otherwise provides in an Award Agreement, holders of vested Restricted Stock shall have the right to vote such Restricted Stock and the right to receive any dividends declared or paid with respect to such Restricted Stock. Holders of Restricted Stock which have not yet vested are not entitled to receive dividends, however, dividends may be accrued and paid upon the vesting of such Restricted Stock. The Administrator may provide that any dividends paid on Restricted Stock must be reinvested in shares of Stock, which may or may not be subject to the same vesting conditions and restrictions applicable to such Restricted Stock. All distributions, if any, received by a Grantee with respect to Restricted Stock as a result of any stock split, stock dividend, combination of shares, or other similar transaction shall be subject to the restrictions applicable to the original Award.
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Forfeiture
8.4 In the case of an event of forfeiture pursuant to the Award Agreement, including failure to satisfy the restriction period or a performance objective during the applicable restriction period, any Restricted Stock that has not vested prior to the event of forfeiture shall automatically expire, and all of the rights, title and interest of the Grantee thereunder shall be forfeited in their entirety including but not limited to any right to vote and receive dividends with respect to the Restricted Stock.
Certificates for Restricted Stock
8.5 Restricted Stock granted under this Plan may be evidenced in such manner as the Administrator shall determine, including by way of certificates. The Administrator may provide in an Award Agreement that either (i) the Secretary of the Company shall hold such certificates for the Grantee's benefit until such time as the Restricted Stock is forfeited to the Company or the restrictions lapse, (Refer to Escrow; Pledge of Shares, Section 23) or (ii) such certificates shall be delivered to the Grantee, provided, however, that such certificates shall bear a legend or legends that comply with the applicable securities laws and regulations and make appropriate reference to the restrictions imposed under this Plan and the Award Agreement.
9. UNRESTRICTED STOCK AWARDS
Except as otherwise provided for in Section 21, the Administrator may, in its sole discretion, grant (or sell at not less than 100% of the Fair Market Value or such other higher purchase price determined by the Administrator in the Award Agreement) an Award of unrestricted Shares to any Grantee pursuant to which such Grantee may receive Shares free of any restrictions under this Plan. Holders of such Shares from an Award of Unrestricted Shares which have not yet vested are not entitled to receive dividends, however, dividends may be accrued and paid upon the vesting of such Shares.
10. RESTRICTED STOCK UNITS
Grant of Restricted Stock Units
10.1 Subject to the terms and provisions of this Plan, the Administrator is authorized to make awards of Restricted Stock Units to any Eligible Participant in such amounts and subject to such terms and conditions as may be selected by the Administrator. These restrictions may lapse separately or in combination at such times, under such circumstances, in such instalments, time-based or upon the satisfaction of performance goals or otherwise, as the Administrator determines at the time of the grant of the Award. (Refer to Performance Goals, Section 14.4). All awards of Restricted Stock Units shall be evidenced by Award Agreements.
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Number of Restricted Stock Units
10.2 The Award Agreement shall specify the number of Share equivalent units granted and such other provisions as the Administrator determines.
Consideration
10.3 Restricted Stock Units may be issued in connection with:
(a) Services. Services rendered to the Company or an Affiliate (i.e. bonus); and/or
(b) Purchase Price. A purchase price as specified in the Award Agreement related to such Restricted Stock Units, equal to not less than 100% of the Fair Market Value of the Shares underlying the Restricted Stock Units on the date of issuance.
No Voting Rights
10.4 The holders of Restricted Stock Units shall have no rights as stockholders of the Company.
Dividends and Dividend Equivalency
10.5 The Administrator, in its sole and absolute discretion, may provide in an Award Agreement evidencing a grant of Restricted Stock Units that the holder shall be entitled to receive, upon the Company's payment of a cash dividend on its outstanding Shares, a cash payment for each Restricted Stock Unit. (Refer to Section 13, Dividend Equivalent Right). Such Award Agreement may also provide that such cash payment shall be deemed reinvested in additional Restricted Stock Units at a price per unit equal to the Fair Market Value of a Share on the date that such dividend is paid. Holders of Restricted Stock Units which have not yet vested are not entitled to receive dividends, however, dividends may be accrued and paid upon the vesting of such Restricted Stock Units.
Creditor's Rights
10.6 A holder of Restricted Stock Units shall have no rights other than those of a general creditor of the Company. Restricted Stock Units represent an unfunded and unsecured obligation of the Company, subject to the terms and conditions of the applicable Award Agreement.
Settlement of Restricted Stock Units
10.7 Each Restricted Stock Unit shall be paid and settled by the issuance of Restricted Stock or unrestricted Shares in accordance with the Award Agreement and if such settlement is subject to Section 409A of the Code only upon any one or more of the following as provided for in the Award Agreement:
(a) a specific date or date determinable by a fixed schedule;
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(b) upon the Eligible Participant's termination of Continuous Services to the extent the same constitutes a separation from services for purposes of Section 409A of the Code except that if an Eligible Participant is a "key employee" as defined in Section 409A of the Code for such purposes, then payment or settlement shall occur 6 months following such separation of service;
(c) as a result of the Eligible Participant's death or Disability; or
(d) in connection with or as a result of a Change of Control in compliance with Section 409A of the Code.
Forfeiture
10.8 Upon failure to satisfy any requirement for settlement as set forth in the Award Agreement, including failure to satisfy any restriction period or performance objective, any Restricted Stock Units held by the Grantee shall automatically expire, and all of the rights, title and interest of the Grantee thereunder shall be forfeited in their entirety including but not limited to any right to receive dividends with respect to the Restricted Stock Units.
11. DIRECTOR SHARES AND DIRECTOR DEFERRED STOCK UNITS
Except as otherwise provided for in Section 21, the grant of Awards of Shares to Directors and the election by Directors to defer the receipt of the Awards of Shares (the "Deferred Stock Units") shall be governed by the provisions of Subpart A which is attached hereto. The provisions of Subpart A are attached hereto as part of this Plan and are incorporated herein by reference.
12. STOCK APPRECIATION RIGHTS
Awards of SARs
12.1 A SAR is an award to receive a number of Shares (which may consist of Restricted Stock), or cash, or Shares and cash, as determined by the Administrator in accordance with Section 12.4 below, for services rendered to the Company. A SAR may be awarded pursuant to an Award Agreement that shall be in such form (which need not be the same for each Grantee) as the Administrator shall from time to time approve, and shall comply with and be subject to the terms and conditions of this Plan. A SAR may vary from Grantee to Grantee and between groups of Grantees, and may be based upon performance objectives (Refer to Performance Goals in Section 14.4).
Term
12.2 The term of a SAR shall be set forth in the Award Agreement as determined by the Administrator, provided that the term of a SAR shall expire not later than ten years after the Grant Date of such SAR.
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Exercise
12.3 A Grantee desiring to exercise a SAR shall give written notice of such exercise to the Company, which notice shall state the proportion of Shares and cash that the Grantee desires to receive pursuant to the SAR exercised, subject to the discretion of the Administrator. Upon receipt of the notice from the Grantee, subject to the Administrator's election to pay cash as provided in Section 12.4 below, the Company shall deliver to the person entitled thereto (i) a certificate or certificates for Shares and/or (ii) a cash payment, in accordance with Section 12.4 below. The date the Company receives written notice of such exercise hereunder is referred to in this Section 12 as the "exercise date".
Number of Shares or Amount of Cash
12.4 Subject to the discretion of the Administrator to substitute cash for Shares, or some portion of the Shares for cash, the amount of Shares that may be issued pursuant to the exercise of a SAR shall be determined by dividing: (i) the total number of Shares as to which the SAR is exercised, multiplied by the amount by which the Fair Market Value of the Shares on the exercise date exceeds the Fair Market Value of a Share on the date of grant of the SAR; by (ii) the Fair Market Value of a Share on the exercise date; provided, however, that fractional Shares shall not be issued and in lieu thereof, a cash adjustment shall be paid. In lieu of issuing Shares upon the exercise of a SAR, the Administrator in its sole discretion may elect to pay the cash equivalent of the Fair Market Value of the Shares on the exercise date for any or all of the Shares that would otherwise be issuable upon exercise of the SAR.
Effect of Exercise
12.5 A partial exercise of a SAR shall not affect the right to exercise the remaining SAR from time to time in accordance with this Plan and the applicable Award Agreement with respect to the remaining shares subject to the SAR.
Dividends
12.6 Unless the Administrator in its sole and absolute discretion otherwise provides in an Award Agreement, holders of vested SARs shall have the right to receive any dividends declared or paid with respect to such SARs. Holders of SARs which have not yet vested are not entitled to receive dividends, however, dividends may be accrued and paid upon the vesting of such SARs. The Administrator may provide that any dividends paid on SARs must be reinvested in shares of Stock, which may or may not be subject to the same vesting conditions and restrictions applicable to such SARs. All distributions, if any, received by a Grantee with respect to SARs as a result of any stock split, stock dividend, combination of shares, or other similar transaction shall be subject to the restrictions applicable to the original Award.
Forfeiture
12.7 In the case of an event of forfeiture pursuant to the Award Agreement, including failure to satisfy any restriction period or a performance objective, any SAR that has not vested prior to the date of termination shall automatically expire, and all of the rights, title and interest of the Grantee thereunder shall be forfeited in their entirety.
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13. DIVIDEND EQUIVALENT RIGHT
A dividend equivalent right is an Award entitling the recipient to receive credits based on cash distributions that would have been paid on the Shares specified in the dividend equivalent right (or other Award to which it relates) if such Shares had been issued to and held by the recipient (a "Dividend Equivalent Right"). A Dividend Equivalent Right may be granted hereunder to any Grantee as a component of another Award or as a freestanding Award. The terms and conditions of a Dividend Equivalent Right shall be specified in the grant. Dividend equivalents credited to the holder of a Dividend Equivalent Right may be paid currently or may be deemed to be reinvested in additional Shares, which may thereafter accrue additional equivalents. Any such reinvestment shall be at Fair Market Value on the date of reinvestment. Dividend Equivalent Rights may be settled in cash or Shares or a combination thereof, in a single instalment or instalments, all determined in the sole discretion of the Administrator. A Dividend Equivalent Right granted as a component of another Award may not contain terms and conditions different from such other Award.
Subject to the following, a Dividend Equivalent Right granted as a component of another Award may provide that such Dividend Equivalent Right shall be settled upon exercise, settlement, or payment of, or lapse of restrictions on, such other Award, and that such Dividend Equivalent Right shall expire or be forfeited or annulled under the same conditions as such other Award; provided, however, that the holder of Dividend Equivalent Rights, including any Award of which it forms a component, which have not vested are not entitled to receive dividends, however, dividends may be accrued and paid upon vesting of such Dividend Equivalent Rights together with their related Awards if applicable.
14. TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF AWARDS
In General
14.1 Subject to the terms of the Plan and Applicable Laws, the Administrator shall determine the provisions, terms, and conditions of each Award including, but not limited to, the Award vesting schedule, repurchase provisions, rights of first refusal, forfeiture provisions, form of payment (cash, Shares, or other consideration) upon settlement of the Award, payment contingencies, and satisfaction of any performance criteria.
Term of Award
14.2 The term of each Award shall be the term stated in the Award Agreement.
Transferability
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14.3 |
(a) Limits on Transfer. No Award granted under the Plan may be sold, transferred, pledged, assigned or otherwise alienated or hypothecated, other than by will, by the laws of descent and distribution, to a Grantee's spouse, former spouse or dependent pursuant to a court-approved domestic relations order which relates to the provision of child support, alimony payments or marital property rights or to the limited extent provided in this Section 14.3(a). All rights with respect to an Award granted to a Grantee shall be available during his or her lifetime only to the Grantee. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Grantee may, in a manner specified by the Administrator, if the Administrator so permits, transfer an Award by bona fide gift and not for any consideration, to (i) a member or members of the Grantee's immediate family, (ii) a trust established for the exclusive benefit of the Grantee and or member(s) of the Grantee's immediate family, (iii) a partnership, limited liability company or other entity whose only members are the Grantee and/or member(s) of the Grantee's immediate family, or (iv) a foundation in which the Grantee and/or member(s) of the Grantee's immediate family control the management of the foundation's assets. Any such transfer shall be made in accordance with such procedures as the Administrator may specify from time to time. |
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(b) Beneficiaries. Notwithstanding Section 14.3(a), a Grantee may, in the manner determined by the Administrator, designate a beneficiary to exercise the rights of the Grantee and to receive any distribution with respect to any Award upon the Grantee's death. A beneficiary, legal guardian, legal representative or other person claiming any rights under the Plan is subject to all terms and conditions of the Plan and any Award Agreement applicable to the Grantee, except to the extent the Plan and such Award Agreement otherwise provide, and to any additional restrictions deemed necessary or appropriate by the Administrator. If no beneficiary has been designated or survives the Grantee, payment shall be made to the Grantee's estate. Subject to the foregoing, a beneficiary designation may be changed or revoked by a Grantee at any time, provided the change or revocation is filed with the Administrator.
Performance Goals
14.4 In order to preserve the deductibility of an Award under Section 162(m) of the Code, the Administrator may determine that any Award granted pursuant to this Plan to a Grantee that is or is expected to become a Covered Employee shall be determined solely on the basis of (a) the achievement by the Company or Subsidiary of a specified target return, or target growth in return, on equity or assets, (b) the Company's stock price, (c) the Company's total shareholder return (stock price appreciation plus reinvested dividends) relative to a defined comparison group or target over a specific performance period, (d) the achievement by the Company or a Parent or Subsidiary, or a business unit of any such entity, of a specified target, or target growth in, net income, earnings per share, earnings before income and taxes, and earnings before income, taxes, depreciation and amortization, or (e) any combination of the goals set forth in (a) through (d) above. If an Award is made on such basis, the Administrator shall establish goals prior to the beginning of the period for which such performance goal relates (or such later date as may be permitted under Section 162(m) of the Code or the regulations thereunder but not later than 90 days after commencement of the period of services to which the performance goal relates), and the Administrator has the right for any reason to reduce (but not increase) the Award, notwithstanding the achievement of a specified goal. Any payment of an Award granted with performance goals shall be conditioned on the written certification of the Administrator in each case that the performance goals and any other material conditions were satisfied.
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In addition, to the extent that Section 409A is applicable, (i) performance-based compensation shall also be contingent on the satisfaction of pre-established organizational or individual performance criteria relating to a performance period of at least 12 consecutive months in which the Eligible Participant performs services and (ii) performance goals shall be established not later than 90 calendar days after the beginning of any performance period to which the performance goal relates, provided that the outcome is substantially uncertain at the time the criteria are established.
Acceleration and Lapse of Restrictions
14.5 The Administrator may, in its sole discretion (but subject to the limitations of and compliance with Section 409A of the Code and Section 14.7 in connection therewith), in the event of death or Disability, accelerate the time within which outstanding Awards may be exercised, provided that no outstanding unvested Awards shall vest prior to death or Disability.
The Administrator may, in its sole discretion (but subject to the limitations of and compliance with Section 409A of the Code and Section 14.7 in connection therewith), at any time (prior to, coincident with or subsequent to death or Disability) determine that all or a part of the restrictions on all or a portion of the outstanding Awards shall lapse, as of such date as the Administrator may, in its sole discretion, declare.
The Administrator may discriminate among Grantees and among Awards granted to a Grantee in exercising its discretion pursuant to this Section 14.5.
Compliance with Section 162(m) of the Code
14.6 Notwithstanding any provision of this Plan to the contrary, if the Administrator determines that compliance with Section 162(m) of the Code is required or desired, all Awards granted under this Plan to Named Executive Officers shall comply with the requirements of Section 162(m) of the Code. In addition, in the event that changes are made to Section 162(m) of the Code to permit greater flexibility with respect to any Award or Awards under this Plan, the Administrator may make any adjustments it deems appropriate.
Compliance with Section 409A of the Code
14.7 Notwithstanding any provision of this Plan to the contrary, if any provision of this Plan or an Award Agreement contravenes any regulations or Treasury guidance promulgated under Section 409A of the Code or could cause an Award to be subject to the interest and penalties under Section 409A of the Code, such provision of this Plan or any Award Agreement shall be modified to maintain, to the maximum extent practicable, the original intent of the applicable provision without violating the provisions of Section 409A of the Code. In addition, in the event that changes are made to Section 409A of the Code to permit greater flexibility with respect to any Award under this Plan, the Administrator may make any adjustments it deems appropriate.
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Section 280G of the Code
14.8 Notwithstanding any other provision of this Plan to the contrary, unless expressly provided otherwise in the Award Agreement, if the right to receive or benefit from an Award under this Plan, either alone or together with payments that a Grantee has a right to receive from the Company, would constitute a "parachute payment" (as defined in Section 280G of the Code), all such payments shall be reduced to the largest amount that shall result in no portion being subject to the excise tax imposed by Section 4999 of the Code.
Dividends
14.9 Unless the Administrator in its sole and absolute discretion otherwise provides in an Award Agreement, holders of vested Awards shall have the right to receive any dividends declared or paid with respect to such Awards. Holders of Awards which have not yet vested are not entitled to receive dividends, however, dividends may be accrued and paid upon the vesting of such Awards. The Administrator may provide that any dividends paid on Awards must be reinvested in shares of Stock, which may or may not be subject to the same vesting conditions and restrictions applicable to such Awards. All distributions, if any, received by a Grantee with respect to Awards as a result of any stock split, stock dividend, combination of shares, or other similar transaction shall be subject to the restrictions applicable to the original Award.
Exercise of Award Following Termination of Continuous Service
14.10 An Award may not be exercised after the termination date of such Award set forth in the Award Agreement and may be exercised following the termination of a Grantee's Continuous Service only to the extent provided in the Award Agreement. Where the Award Agreement permits a Grantee to exercise an Award following the termination of the Grantee's Continuous Service for a specified period, the Award shall terminate to the extent not exercised on the last day of the specified period or the last day of the original term of the Award, whichever occurs first.
Cancellation of Awards
14.11 In the event a Grantee's Continuous Services has been terminated for "Cause", he or she shall immediately forfeit all rights to any and all Awards outstanding. The determination that termination was for Cause shall be final and conclusive. In making its determination, the Board shall give the Grantee an opportunity to appear and be heard at a hearing before the full Board and present evidence on the Grantee's behalf. Should any provision to this Section 14.11. be held to be invalid or illegal, such illegality shall not invalidate the whole of this Section 14, but, rather, this Plan shall be construed as if it did not contain the illegal part or narrowed to permit its enforcement, and the rights and obligations of the parties shall be construed and enforced accordingly.
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15. ADDITIONAL TERMS FOR SO LONG AS THE SHARES ARE LISTED ON A STOCK EXCHANGE
15.1 For so long as the Shares are listed on a stock exchange, and to the extent required by the rules of such stock exchange, the following terms and conditions shall apply to an Award in addition to those contained herein, as applicable:
(a) the exercise price of an Award must not be lower than 100% of the Fair Market Value (without discount) of the Shares on the stock exchange at the time the Award is granted;
(b) the number of securities issuable to Insiders, at any time, under all of the Company's security based compensation arrangements (whether entered into prior to or subsequent to such listing), cannot exceed 10% of the Company's total issued and outstanding Common Stock, unless the Company obtains Disinterested Shareholder Approval; and
(c) the number of securities issued to Insiders, within any one year period, under all of the Company's security based compensation arrangements (whether entered into prior to or subsequent to such listing), cannot exceed 10% of the issued and outstanding Common Stock, unless the Company obtains Disinterested Shareholder Approval.
16. PAYMENT FOR SHARE PURCHASES
Payment
16.1 Payment for Shares purchased pursuant to this Plan may be made:
(a) Cash. By cash, cashier's check or wire transfer or, at the discretion of the Administrator expressly for the Grantee and where permitted by law as follows:
(b) Surrender of Shares. If provided for in the Award Agreement, by surrender of shares of Common Stock of the Company that have been owned by the Grantee for more than six months, or lesser period if the surrender of shares is otherwise exempt from Section 16 of the Exchange Act, (and, if such shares were purchased from the Company by use of a promissory note, such note has been fully paid with respect to such shares);
(c) Deemed Net-Stock Exercise. If provided for in the Award Agreement, by forfeiture of Shares equal to the value of the exercise price pursuant to a "deemed net-stock exercise" by requiring the Grantee to accept that number of Shares determined in accordance with the following formula, rounded down to the nearest whole integer:
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where:
a = net Shares to be issued to Grantee;
b = number of Awards being exercised;
c = Fair Market Value of a Share; and
d = Exercise price of the Awards; or
(d) Broker-Assisted. By delivering a properly executed exercise notice to the Company together with a copy of irrevocable instructions to a broker to deliver promptly to the Company the amount of sale or loan proceeds necessary to pay the exercise price and the amount of any required tax or other withholding obligations.
Combination of Methods
16.2 By any combination of the foregoing methods of payment or any other consideration or method of payment as shall be permitted by applicable corporate law.
17. WITHHOLDING TAXES
Withholding Generally
17.1 Whenever Shares are to be issued in satisfaction of Awards granted under this Plan or Shares are forfeited pursuant to a deemed net-stock exercise, the Company may require the Grantee to remit to the Company an amount sufficient to satisfy the foreign, federal, state, provincial, or local income and employment tax withholding obligations, including, without limitation, on exercise of an Award. When, under applicable tax laws, a Grantee incurs tax liability in connection with the exercise or vesting of any Award, the disposition by a Grantee or other person of an Award or an Option prior to satisfaction of the holding period requirements of Section 422 of the Code, or upon the exercise of a Non-Qualified Stock Option, the Company shall have the right to require such Grantee or such other person to pay by cash, or check payable to the Company, the amount of any such withholding with respect to such transactions. Any such payment must be made promptly when the amount of such obligation becomes determinable.
Stock for Withholding
17.2 To the extent permissible under applicable tax, securities and other laws, the Administrator may, in its sole discretion and upon such terms and conditions as it may deem appropriate, permit a Grantee to satisfy his or her obligation to pay any withholding tax, in whole or in part, with Shares up to an amount not greater than the Company's minimum statutory withholding rate for federal and state tax purposes, including payroll taxes, that are applicable to such supplemental taxable income. The Administrator may exercise its discretion, by (i) directing the Company to apply Shares to which the Grantee is entitled as a result of the exercise of an Award, or (ii) delivering to the Company Shares that have been owned by the Grantee for more than six months, unless the delivery of Shares is otherwise exempt from Section 16 of the Exchange Act. A Grantee who has made an election pursuant to this Section 17.2 may satisfy his or her withholding obligation only with Shares that are not subject to any repurchase, forfeiture, unfulfilled vesting or other similar requirements. The Shares so applied or delivered for the withholding obligation shall be valued at their Fair Market Value as of the date of measurement of the amount of income subject to withholding.
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18. ADJUSTMENTS UPON CHANGES IN CAPITALIZATION
In General
18.1 Subject to any required action by the shareholders of the Company, the number of Shares covered by each outstanding Award, and the number of Shares which have been authorized for issuance under the Plan but as to which no Awards have yet been granted or which have been returned to the Plan, the exercise or purchase price of each such outstanding Award, as well as any other terms that the Administrator determines require adjustment shall be proportionately adjusted for (i) any increase or decrease in the number of issued Shares resulting from a stock split, reverse stock split, stock dividend, combination or reclassification of the Shares, or (ii) any other increase or decrease in the number of issued Shares effected without receipt of consideration by the Company; provided, however that conversion of any convertible securities of the Company shall not be deemed to have been effected without receipt of consideration. The Administrator shall make the appropriate adjustments to (i) the maximum number and/or class of securities issuable under this Plan; and (ii) the number and/or class of securities and the exercise price per Share in effect under each outstanding Award in order to prevent the dilution or enlargement of benefits thereunder; provided, however, that the number of Shares subject to any Award shall always be a whole number and the Administrator shall make such adjustments as are necessary to insure Awards of whole Shares. Such adjustment shall be made by the Administrator and its determination shall be final, binding and conclusive.
Company's Right to Effect Changes in Capitalization
18.2 The existence of outstanding Awards shall not affect the Company's right to effect adjustments, recapitalizations, reorganizations or other changes in its or any other corporation's capital structure or business, any merger or consolidation, any issuance of bonds, debentures, preferred or prior preference stock ahead of or affecting the Shares, the dissolution or liquidation of the Company's or any other corporation's assets or business or any other corporate act whether similar to the events described above or otherwise.
19. CORPORATE TRANSACTIONS/CHANGES IN CONTROL/RELATED ENTITY DISPOSITIONS
Company is Not the Survivor
19.1 Subject to Section 19.3 and except as may otherwise be provided in an Award Agreement, the Administrator shall have the authority, in its absolute discretion, exercisable either in advance of any actual or anticipated Corporate Transaction, Change of Control or Related Entity Disposition in which the Company is not the surviving corporation, or at the time of an actual Corporate Transaction, Change of Control or Related Entity Disposition in which the Company is not the surviving corporation (a) to cancel each outstanding in-the-money and vested Award upon payment in cash to the Grantee of the amount by which any cash and the Fair Market Value of any other property which the Grantee would have received as consideration for the Shares covered by the Award if the Award had been exercised before such Corporate Transaction, Change of Control or Related Entity Disposition exceeds the exercise price of the Award, or (b) to negotiate to have such Award assumed by the surviving corporation. The determination as to whether the Company is the surviving corporation is at the sole and absolute discretion of the Administrator.
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The Administrator shall also have the authority to condition any such Award's vesting and exercisability or release from such limitations upon the subsequent termination of the Continuous Service of the Grantee within a specified period following the effective date of the Corporate Transaction, Change of Control or Related Entity Disposition.
Effective upon the consummation of a Corporate Transaction, Change of Control or Related Entity Disposition governed by this Section 19.1, all outstanding Awards under this Plan not exercised by the Grantee or assumed by the successor corporation shall terminate.
Company is the Survivor
19.2 In the event of a Corporate Transaction, Change of Control or Related Entity Disposition in which the Company is the surviving corporation, the Administrator shall determine the appropriate adjustment of the number and kind of securities with respect to which outstanding Awards may be exercised, and the exercise price at which outstanding Awards may be exercised. The Administrator shall determine, in its sole and absolute discretion, when the Company shall be deemed to survive for purposes of this Plan. Subject to any contrary language in an Award Agreement evidencing an Award, any restrictions applicable to such Award shall apply as well to any replacement shares received by the Grantee as a result.
Change of Control
19.3 If there is a Change of Control, the Administrator may, without the consent or approval of any Eligible Participant, affect one or more of the following alternatives only, which may vary among individual Eligible Participants and which may vary among Awards held by any individual Eligible Participant: (i) provide for the substitution of a new Award or other arrangement (which, if applicable, may be exercisable for such property or stock as the Administrator determines) for an Award or the assumption of the Award, regardless of whether in a transaction to which Section 424(a) of the Code applies; (ii) subject to the restrictions contained in the paragraph immediately below, provide for acceleration of the vesting and exercisability of, or lapse of restrictions, in whole or in part, with respect to, the Award and, if the transaction is a cash merger, provide for the termination of any portion of the Award that remains unexercised at the time of such transaction; or (iii) subject to the restrictions contained in the paragraph immediately below, cancel any such Awards and to deliver to the Eligible Participants cash in an amount that the Administrator shall determine in its sole discretion is equal to the fair market value of such Awards on the date of such event, which in the case of Options or SARs shall be the excess of the Fair Market Value of Shares on such date over the exercise price of such Award.
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For the purposes of the alternatives set forth in paragraphs (i) and (ii) above only, and unless otherwise provided in the applicable Award Agreement, in the event of a Change of Control in which the successor company assumes or substitutes for an Award (or in which the Company is the ultimate parent corporation and continues the Award) and (i) the Grantee's employment with such successor company (or the Company) or a subsidiary thereof is terminated without Cause and (ii) that termination occurs within 12 months after such Change of Control (or such other period set forth in the Award Agreement), then:
(a) Awards outstanding as of the date of such Change of Control (or termination of Continuous Services, if later) will immediately vest upon the Change of Control (or termination of Continuing Services, if later), become fully exercisable, and may thereafter be exercised for two years (or the period of time set forth in the Award Agreement), or, if sooner, the expiration of the term of the Award; and
(b) the restrictions, limitations and other conditions applicable to Awards outstanding as of the Change of Control (or termination of Continuous Services, if later) shall lapse and the Awards shall become free of all restrictions, limitations and conditions and become fully vested.
For the purposes of this Section, Awards shall be considered assumed or substituted for if following the Change of Control the Award confers the right to purchase or receive, for each Share subject to the Award, the consideration (whether stock, cash or other securities or property) received in the transaction constituting a Change of Control by holders of Shares for each Share held on the effective date of such transaction (and if holders were offered a choice of consideration, the type of consideration chosen by the holders of a majority of the outstanding Shares); provided, however, that if such consideration received in the transaction constituting a Change of Control is not solely common stock of the successor company, the Administrator may, with the consent of the successor company, provide that the consideration to be received upon the exercise or vesting of an Award, for each Share subject thereto, will be solely common stock of the successor company substantially equal in fair market value to the per Share consideration received by holders of Shares in the transaction constituting a Change of Control. The determination of such substantial equality of value of consideration shall be made by the Administrator in its sole discretion and its determination shall be conclusive and binding.
Unless otherwise provided in the applicable Award Agreement, in the event of a Change of Control, to the extent the successor company does not assume or substitute for an Award (or in which the Company is the ultimate parent corporation and does not continue the Award), then as of the Change of Control:
(i) those Awards outstanding as of the date of the Change of Control that are not assumed or substituted for (or continued) shall immediately vest and become fully exercisable;
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(ii) restrictions, limitations and other conditions applicable to Awards that are not assumed or substituted for (or continued) shall lapse and the Awards shall become free of all restrictions, limitations and conditions and become fully vested and transferable to the full extent of the original grant; and
(iii) any Award subject to performance criteria shall be prorated based on the performance from the Award Date to the date of the Change of Control. The proration shall be based upon the method set forth in the Award Agreements evidencing the applicable Awards, or if no method is specified, based upon the total number of days during the performance period prior to the Change of Control in relation to the total number of days during the performance period.
20. PRIVILEGES OF STOCK OWNERSHIP
No Grantee shall have any of the rights of a stockholder with respect to any Shares until the Shares are issued to the Grantee. After Shares are issued to the Grantee, the Grantee shall be a stockholder and have all the rights of a stockholder with respect to such Shares, including the right to vote and receive all dividends or other distributions made or paid with respect to such Shares; provided, that if such Shares are Restricted Stock, then any new, additional or different securities the Grantee may become entitled to receive with respect to such Shares by virtue of a stock dividend, stock split or any other change in the corporate or capital structure of the Company shall be subject to the same restrictions as the Restricted Stock. The Company shall issue (or cause to be issued) such stock certificate promptly upon exercise of the Award.
21. RESTRICTION ON AND VESTING OF SHARES
The Administrator shall have the discretion to provide for accelerated exercisability or vesting of any Award in case of death or Disability. The treatment of Awards in connection with a Change of Control shall be governed solely in accordance with Section 19 hereof.
In addition, at the discretion of the Administrator, the Company may reserve to itself and/or its assignee(s) in the Award Agreement that the Shares are subject to a right of first refusal or a right to repurchase by the Company at the Shares' Fair Market Value at the time of sale. The terms and conditions of any such rights or other restrictions shall be set forth in the Award Agreement evidencing the Award.
22. CERTIFICATES
All certificates for Shares or other securities delivered under this Plan shall be subject to such stock transfer orders, legends and other restrictions as the Administrator may deem necessary or advisable, including restrictions under any applicable federal, state or foreign securities law, or any rules, regulations and other requirements of the SEC or any stock exchange or automated quotation system upon which the Shares may be listed or quoted.
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23. ESCROW; PLEDGE OF SHARES
To enforce any restrictions on a Grantee's Shares, the Administrator may require the Grantee to deposit all certificates representing Shares, together with stock powers or other instruments of transfer approved by the Administrator, appropriately endorsed in blank, with the Company or an agent designated by the Company to hold in escrow until such restrictions have lapsed or terminated, and the Administrator may cause a legend or legends referencing such restrictions to be placed on the certificates.
24. SECURITIES LAW AND OTHER REGULATORY COMPLIANCE
Compliance With Applicable Law
24.1 An Award shall not be effective unless such Award is in compliance with all applicable federal and state securities laws, rules and regulations of any governmental body, and the requirements of any stock exchange or automated quotation system upon which the Shares may then be listed or quoted, as they are in effect on the Grant Date and also on the date of exercise or other issuance. Notwithstanding any other provision in this Plan, the Company shall have no obligation to issue or deliver certificates for Shares under this Plan prior to (i) obtaining any approvals from governmental agencies that the Company determines are necessary or advisable; and/or (ii) completion of any registration or other qualification of such Shares under any state or federal laws or rulings of any governmental body that the Company determines to be necessary or advisable. The Company shall be under no obligation to register the Shares with the SEC or to effect compliance with the registration, qualification or listing requirements of any state securities laws, stock exchange or automated quotation system, and the Company shall have no liability for any inability or failure to do so. Evidences of ownership of Shares acquired pursuant to an Award shall bear any legend required by, or useful for purposes of compliance with, applicable securities laws, this Plan or the Award Agreement.
During any time when the Company has a class of equity security registered under Section 12 of the Exchange Act, it is the intent of the Company that Awards pursuant to this Plan and the exercise of Awards granted hereunder shall qualify for the exemption provided by Rule 16b-3 under the Exchange Act. To the extent that any provision of this Plan or action by the Board or the Administrator does not comply with the requirements of Rule 16b-3, it shall be deemed inoperative to the extent permitted by law and deemed advisable by the Board or the Administrator, and shall not affect the validity of this Plan. In the event that Rule 16b-3 is revised or replaced, the Administrator may exercise its discretion to modify this Plan in any respect necessary to satisfy the requirements of, or to take advantage of any features of, the revised exemption or its replacement.
Investment Representation
24.2 As a condition to the exercise of an Award, the Company may require the person exercising such Award to represent and warrant at the time of any such exercise that the Shares are being purchased only for investment and without any present intention to sell or distribute such Shares if, in the opinion of counsel for the Company, such a representation is required by any Applicable Laws.
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25. NO OBLIGATION TO EMPLOY
Nothing in this Plan or any Award granted under this Plan shall confer or be deemed to confer on any Grantee any right to continue in the employ of, or to continue any other relationship with, the Company or to limit in any way the right of the Company to terminate such Grantee's employment or other relationship at any time, with or without Cause.
26. EFFECTIVE DATE AND TERM OF PLAN
This Plan shall become effective upon the earlier to occur of its adoption by the Board or its approval by the shareholders of the Company. It shall continue in effect for a term of ten years unless sooner terminated.
27. SHAREHOLDER APPROVAL
This Plan shall be subject to approval by the shareholders of the Company within 12 months from the date the Plan is adopted by the Company's Board for any and all intended Incentive Stock Options granted hereunder. Such shareholder approval shall be obtained in the degree and manner required under Applicable Laws. The Administrator may grant Awards under this Plan prior to approval by the shareholders, however, until such approval is obtained, all Option Awards granted under this Plan shall be deemed Non-Qualified Stock Options. In the event that shareholder approval is not obtained within the 12 month period provided above, all Incentive Stock Option Awards previously granted under this Plan shall be deemed Non-Qualified Stock Options.
28. AMENDMENT, SUSPENSION OR TERMINATION OF THIS PLAN OR AWARDS
The Board may amend, suspend or terminate this Plan at any time and for any reason. To the extent necessary to comply with Applicable Laws, the Company shall obtain shareholder approval of any Plan amendment in such a manner and to such a degree as required. Shareholder approval shall be required for the following types of amendments to this Plan: (i) any change to those persons who are entitled to become participants under the Plan which would have the potential of broadening or increasing Insider participation; or (ii) the addition of any form of financial assistance or amendment to a financial assistance provision which is more favourable to Grantees.
Further, the Board may, in its discretion, determine that any amendment should be effective only if approved by the shareholders even if such approval is not expressly required by this Plan or by law. No Award may be granted during any suspension of this Plan or after termination of this Plan.
Any amendment, suspension or termination of this Plan shall not affect Awards already granted, and such Awards shall remain in full force and effect as if this Plan had not been amended, suspended or terminated, unless mutually agreed otherwise between the Grantee and the Administrator, which agreement must be in writing and signed by the Grantee and the Company. At any time and from time to time, the Administrator may amend, modify, or terminate any outstanding Award or Award Agreement without approval of the Grantee; provided, however, that subject to the applicable Award Agreement, no such amendment, modification or termination shall, without the Grantee's consent, reduce or diminish the value of such Award determined as if the Award had been exercised, vested, cashed in or otherwise settled on the date of such amendment or termination.
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Notwithstanding any provision herein to the contrary, the Administrator shall have broad authority to amend this Plan or any outstanding Award under this Plan without approval of the Grantee to the extent necessary or desirable: (i) to comply with, or take into account changes in, applicable tax laws, securities laws, accounting rules and other applicable laws, rules and regulations; or (ii) to ensure that an Award is not subject to interest and penalties under Section 409A of the Code or the excise tax imposed by Section 4999 of the Code.
Further, notwithstanding any provision herein to the contrary, and subject to Applicable Law, the Administrator may, in its absolute discretion, amend or modify this Plan: (i) to make amendments which are of a "housekeeping" or clerical nature; (ii) to change the termination provision of an Award granted hereunder, as applicable, which does not entail an extension beyond the original expiry date or the acceleration of such Award; and (iii) the addition of a cashless exercise feature, payable in cash or securities, which provides for a full deduction of the number of underlying securities from the Maximum Number.
29. RESERVATION OF SHARES
The Company, during the term of this Plan, shall at all times reserve and keep available such number of Shares as shall be sufficient to satisfy the requirements of this Plan.
The Shares to be issued hereunder upon exercise of an Award may be either authorized but unissued; supplied to the Plan through acquisitions of Shares on the open market; or Shares forfeited back to the Plan.
The inability of the Company to obtain authority from any regulatory body having jurisdiction, which authority is deemed by the Company's counsel to be necessary to the lawful issuance and sale of any Shares hereunder, shall relieve the Company of any liability in respect of the failure to issue or sell such Shares as to which such requisite authority shall not have been obtained.
30. BUYOUT OF AWARDS
Subject to Section 4.2 hereof, the Administrator may at any time buy from a Grantee an Award previously granted with payment in cash, Shares (including Restricted Stock) or other consideration, based on such terms and conditions as the Administrator and the Grantee may agree.
31. APPLICABLE TRADING POLICY
The Administrator and each Eligible Participant will ensure that all actions taken and decisions made by the Administrator or an Eligible Participant, as the case may be, pursuant to this Plan comply with any Applicable Laws and policies of the Company relating to insider trading or "blackout" periods.
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32. GOVERNING LAW
The Plan shall be governed by the laws of the State of Delaware; provided, however, that any Award Agreement may provide by its terms that it shall be governed by the laws of any other jurisdiction as may be deemed appropriate by the parties thereto.
33. MISCELLANEOUS
Except as specifically provided in a retirement or other benefit plan of the Company or a Related Entity, Awards shall not be deemed compensation for purposes of computing benefits or contributions under any retirement plan of the Company or a Related Entity, and shall not affect any benefits under any other benefit plan of any kind or any benefit plan subsequently instituted under which the availability or amount of benefits is related to level of compensation. The Plan is not a "Retirement Plan" or "Welfare Plan" under the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended.
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SUBPART A
STOCK AND DEFERRED STOCK UNITS FOR ELIGIBLE DIRECTORS
A. Stock Award. The Administrator shall pay Eligible Remuneration to each Director pursuant to an Award Agreement.
B. Election. Further, the Administrator may, in its sole discretion, permit each Eligible Director to receive all or any portion of his Eligible Remuneration during the Remuneration Period in the form of Deferred Stock Units under this Plan (an "Election"). All deferrals pursuant to such an Election shall be evidenced by an Award Agreement.
For purposes of this Subpart A, the following definitions shall apply:
"Annual Retainer" for a particular Director means the retainer (including any additional amounts payable for serving as lead Director or on any committee of the Board), payable to that Director for serving as a Director for the relevant Remuneration Period, as determined by the Board;
"Attendance Fee" means amounts payable annually to a Director as a Board meeting attendance fee or a committee meeting attendance fee, or any portion thereof;
"Canadian Director" means a Director who is a resident of Canada for the purposes of the Canadian Tax Act, and whose income from employment by the Company or Related Entity is subject to Canadian income tax, notwithstanding any provision of the Canada-United States Income Tax Convention (1980), as amended;
"Canadian Tax Act" and "Canadian Tax Regulations" means respectively the Income Tax Act (Canada), as amended and the Income Tax Regulation promulgated thereunder, as amended;
"Deferred Stock Unit" means a right granted by the Company to an Eligible Director to receive, on a deferred payment basis, Shares under this Plan;
"Eligible Director" is any Director of this Company or Related Entity that the Administrator determines is eligible to elect to receive Deferred Stock Units under this Plan;
"Eligible Remuneration" means all amounts payable to an Eligible Director in Shares, including all or part of amounts payable in satisfaction of the Annual Retainer, Attendance Fees or any other fees relating to service on the Board which are payable to an Eligible Director or in satisfaction of rights or property surrendered by an Eligible Director to the Company; it being understood that the amount of Eligible Remuneration payable to any Eligible Director may be calculated by the Administrator in a different manner than Eligible Remuneration payable to another Eligible Director in its sole and absolute discretion;
"Prescribed Plan or Arrangement" means a prescribed plan or arrangement as defined in s.6801(d) of the Canadian Tax Regulation;
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"Remuneration Period" means, as applicable, (a) the period commencing on the Effective Date of this Plan and ending on the last day of the calendar year in which the Effective Date occurs; and (b) thereafter each subsequent calendar year, or where the context requires, any portion of such period; and
"Salary Deferral Arrangement" means a salary deferral arrangement as defined in the Canadian Tax Act.
1. Election. An Eligible Director who desires to defer receipt of all or a portion of his or her Eligible Remuneration in any calendar year shall make such election in writing to the Company specifying:
(a) the dollar amount or percentage of Eligible Remuneration to be deferred; and
(b) the deferral period.
Otherwise, such election must be made before the first day of the calendar year in which the Eligible Remuneration shall be payable, however a newly appointed Eligible Director shall be eligible to defer payment of future Eligible Remuneration by providing written election to the Company within 30 calendar days of his or her appointment to the Board of Directors. The elections made pursuant to this Section shall be irrevocable with respect to Eligible Remuneration to which such elections pertain and shall also apply to subsequent Eligible Remuneration payable in future calendar years unless such Eligible Director notifies the Company in writing, before the first day of the applicable calendar year, that he or she desires to change such election.
If the Eligible Director does not timely deliver an election in respect of a particular Remuneration Period, the Eligible Director will receive the Eligible Remuneration as provided for in the Award Agreement.
2. Determination of Deferred Stock Units. The Company will maintain a separate account for each Eligible Director to which it will quarterly credit at the end of March, June, September and December, or as otherwise determined by the Administrator, the Deferred Stock Units granted to the Eligible Director for the relevant Remuneration Period. The number of Deferred Stock Units (including fractional Deferred Stock Units, computed to three digits) to be credited to an account for an Eligible Director will be determined on the date approved by the Administrator by dividing the appropriate amount of Eligible Remuneration to be deferred into Deferred Stock Units by the Fair Market Value on that date.
3. No Voting Rights. The holders of Deferred Stock Units shall have no rights as stockholders of the Company.
4. Dividends and Dividend Equivalency. The Company will, on any date on which a cash or stock dividend is paid on its outstanding Shares, credit to each Eligible Director's account that number of additional Deferred Stock Units (including fractional Deferred Stock Units, computed to three digits) calculated by (i) multiplying the amount of the dividend per Share by the number of Deferred Stock Units in the account as of the record date for payment of the dividend, and (ii) dividing the amount obtained by the Fair Market Value on the date on which the dividend is paid. (See Section 13 of the Plan, Dividend Equivalent Right). Holders of Deferred Stock Units which have not yet vested are not entitled to receive dividends, however, dividends may be accrued and paid upon the vesting of such Deferred Stock Units.
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5. Eligible Director's Account. A written confirmation of the balance in each Eligible Directors' Account will be sent by the Company to the Eligible Director upon request of the Eligible Director.
6. Creditor's Rights. A holder of Deferred Stock Units shall have no rights other than those of a general creditor of the Company. Deferred Stock Units represent an unfunded and unsecured obligation of the Company, subject to the terms and condition of the applicable Award Agreement.
7. Settlement of Deferred Stock Units. Subject to Section 8, each Deferred Stock Unit shall be paid and settled by the issuance of Restricted or unrestricted Shares in accordance with the Award Agreement and if such settlement is subject to Section 409A of the Code only upon any one or more of the following as provided for in the Award Agreement:
(a) a specific date or date determinable by a fixed schedule;
(b) upon the Eligible Director's termination of Continuous Services to the extent the same constitutes a separation from services for the purposes of Section 409A of the Code except that if an Eligible Director is a "key employee" as defined in Section 409A of the Code for such purposes, then payment or settlement shall occur 6 months following such separation of service;
(c) as a result of the Eligible Director's death or Disability; or
(d) in connection with or as a result of a Change of Control in compliance with 409A of the Code.
The Company will issue one Share for each whole Deferred Stock Unit credited to the Eligible Director's account (net of any applicable withholding tax as provided for in this Plan). Such payment shall be made by the Company as soon as reasonably possible following the settlement date. Fractional Shares shall not be issued, and where the Eligible Director would be entitled to receive a fractional Shares in respect of any fractional Deferred Stock Unit, the Company shall pay to such Eligible Director, in lieu of such fractional Shares, cash equal to the Fair Market Value of such fractional Shares calculated as of the day before such payment is made, net of any applicable withholding tax.
8. Canadian Directors. If a Deferred Stock Unit granted to an Eligible Director who is a Canadian Director would otherwise constitute a Salary Deferred Arrangement, the Award Agreement pertaining to that Deferred Stock Unit shall contain such other or additional terms as will cause the Deferred Stock Unit to be a Prescribed Plan or Arrangement.
9. Issuance of Stock Certificates. A stock certificate or certificates shall be registered and issued in the name of the holder of Deferred Stock Units and delivered to such holder as soon as practicable after such Deferred Stock Units have become payable or satisfied in accordance with the terms of the Plan.
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10. Non-Exclusivity. Nothing in this Subpart A shall prohibit the Administrator from making discretionary Awards to Eligible Directors pursuant to the other provisions of this Plan or outside this Plan, not otherwise inconsistent with these provisions.
11. Defined Terms. Capitalized terms used in this Subpart A and not defined herein have the meaning given in the Plan.
__________
CONSULTING AGREEMENT
THIS AGREEMENT effective the 1st day of January, 2025 (the "Effective Date").
BETWEEN:
STARFIGHTERS SPACE, INC., a company existing under the laws of the State of Delaware with an address at Reusable Launch Vehicle Hangar, Hangar Rd., Cape Canaveral, FL, 32920
(the "Company")
OF THE FIRST PART
AND
FORTUNA ADVISORS, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company with an address at 1-1800 Sunset Harbour Dr., Miami Beach, FL 33139
(the "Consultant" and collectively with the Company, the "Parties" and each, a "Party")
OF THE SECOND PART
WHEREAS:
A. The Company is engaged in the business of operating a fleet of fighter jets capable of launching commercial satellites into orbit;
B. The Company is seeking to complete an initial public offering of its shares on the Nasdaq Stock Market;
C. The Consultant provides capital markets and corporate finance advisory services; and
D. The Company wishes to engage the Consultant and the Consultant has agreed to be engaged to provide consulting services to the Company in accordance with the terms of this agreement (the "Agreement")
NOW THEREFORE, the premises, representations, warranties and covenants of each party contained herein and other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which are hereby acknowledged, the parties agree as follows:
APPOINTMENT
1. The Company hereby retains the Consultant to provide the services (the "Services") described in Schedule "A" during the Term (as defined below), which the Consultant agrees to undertake on the Company's behalf.
2. The Consultant will provide the Services required under this Agreement honestly and diligently and will use its best efforts to serve the Company and promote its interests.
PAYMENT
3. The Company will (i) pay the Consultant for providing the Services and (ii) reimburse the Consultant for the Consultant's reasonable out-of-pocket expenses incurred, during the Term, and any applicable extension, on the basis set out in Schedule "B".
INDEPENDENT CONTRACTOR
4. The Consultant will be an independent contractor and not the servant or employee of the Company.
5. Unless otherwise agreed and pre-approved by the Company in accordance with Section 3, the Consultant will supply all labor and certain equipment necessary to provide the Services at its own expense.
6. The Consultant shall be responsible for the calculation, payment and reporting of its income taxes and all other taxes and the Company, unless required by law, shall not be responsible for withholding such taxes.
OWNERSHIP
7. The Consultant agrees that all material including but not limited to intellectual property, drawings, schematics, prototypes, designs, marketing plans, marketing materials, manuals, product specifications, plans, customer lists, supplier lists, investor and broker contact lists, contact databases, manufacturing agreements and documents produced or developed by the Consultant as a result of providing Services under this Agreement shall be the exclusive property of the Company, and the use of such material by the Company shall not be restricted in any manner.
8. On termination of the Services for any reason, the Consultant will return all property of the Company then in its possession, including any office equipment, correspondence, documents, computer disks, notebooks, video and audio equipment and tapes, files, user name and passwords for social media and other internet accounts and services, and other tangible property, to the Company immediately and will deliver to the Company all documents pertaining to the Company or its business, including without limitation all correspondence, reports, contracts, data bases related to the Company.
CONFIDENTIALITY
9. The Consultant shall keep all non-public information, data and documents relating to the Company and the Company's clients provided to it by or on behalf of the Company and/or the Company's clients in connection herewith (the "Confidential Information") strictly confidential and shall not disclose any of the same except (a) to those officers, employees, agents and advisors of the Consultant who require access thereto for any purpose in connection with this Agreement, or (b) as may be required by law or in connection with any legal or regulatory proceedings, provided that in the event that the Consultant becomes legally compelled to disclose any of the Confidential Information, the Consultant will provide the Company with prompt written notice before the Confidential Information is disclosed so that the Company may seek an appropriate remedy or waive compliance with the provisions of this Agreement. In the event that such remedy is not obtained, or that the Company waives compliance with the provisions of this Agreement, the Consultant will furnish only that portion of the Confidential Information which it is advised by written opinion of counsel is legally required and will exercise its best efforts to obtain a protective order or other reliable assurance that confidential treatment will be accorded to the Confidential Information.
10. As used herein, the term "Confidential Information" shall include (but not be limited to) information related to the Company's and/or Company's clients' financial condition, results of operations, business and prospects, business plans, strategic planning, business activities, notes, data, memoranda, personnel information about consultants or employees of the Company (or information about other individuals that is in the custody of or under the control of the Company) and any other publicly undisclosed information, in any form or media, relating to the Company. The term "Confidential Information" shall further include (but not be limited to) any information disclosed to the Consultant in a context that suggests that such information is confidential or proprietary, and any other secret or confidential operational, management, personnel, financial, accounting, marketing or tax information relating to the business or operations of the Company and all other data, documents and other material described in this paragraph, together with the contents of analyses, compilations, notes, records, studies, summaries and other documents derived or generated from or reflecting the Consultant's work with the Company (except any information which has been or hereafter is disclosed generally to the public or is ascertainable from any source available to the public other than as a result of disclosure by the Consultant).
11. The Consultant further acknowledges that the Confidential Information, including but not limited to information found in the Company's books, records, printouts, lists, notes, or any other documents or copies thereof relating to the business of the Company is the exclusive property of the Company and may not be used by the Consultant in any manner except in the course of provision of the Services or with the express written consent of the Company.
CONFLICT OF INTEREST
12. The Consultant will not without advance written notice to the Company, during the Term, perform a service for or provide advice to any person, firm or Company where the performance of the service or the provision of the advice may, in the reasonable opinion of the Company, give rise to a conflict of interest with the Consultant's duties to the Company.
INDEMNIFICATION
13. The Consultant will indemnify and hold the Company, its subsidiaries, affiliates, directors, officers, employees, servants, agents and contractors, harmless from all claims resulting from a negligent act or omission in the performance of this Agreement by the Consultant or any of its subcontractors. The Consultant will be responsible for the defense of any suit brought against the Company, its subsidiaries, affiliates, employees, servants, agents or contactors, on account of any such claim and will satisfy any judgement against the Company, its affiliates, subsidiaries, directors, officers, employees, servants, agents or Consultants, resulting therefrom to the extent arising from a negligent act or omission in the performance of the Agreement by the Consultant or any of its subcontractors.
14. The Company will indemnify and hold the Consultant, its subsidiaries, affiliates, directors, officers, employees, servants, agents and contractors, harmless from all claims resulting from a negligent act or omission in the performance of this Agreement by the Company or any of its subcontractors (excluding the Consultant and its subcontractors). The Company will be responsible for the defense of any suit brought against the Consultant, its subsidiaries, affiliates, directors, officers, employees, servants, agents or contactors, on account of any such claim and will satisfy any judgement against the Consultant, its affiliates, subsidiaries, directors, officers, employees, servants, agents or contractors, resulting therefrom to the extent arising from a negligent act or omission in the performance of the Agreement by the Company or any of its subcontractors (excluding the Consultant and its subcontractors).
15. The foregoing indemnification provisions shall survive the termination of this Agreement.
TERM
16. This Agreement shall commence on the Effective Date and continue for a period of 12 months (the "Term"), unless terminated earlier in accordance with section 17, 18 or 19. Thereafter, this Agreement shall continue on a month-to-month basis.
TERMINATION
17. Notwithstanding any other provision of this Agreement, the Company may terminate this Agreement at any time during the Term for Cause by providing the Consultant written notice. The term "Cause" as used herein means one or more of the following: (a) the Consultant has materially breached this Agreement and (i) such breach is not capable of cure, or (ii) with respect to a material breach capable of cure, the Consultant has not cured such breach within 30 days after written notice of such breach; (b) the commission of a criminal offense or other crime involving moral turpitude or the commission of any other act or willful omission by the Consultant involving fraud with respect to the Company or any of its clients or vendors; (c) a material breach of the Consultant's fiduciary duty to the Company, if applicable; or (d) negligence or willful misconduct by the Consultant which resulted in material harm to the Company. In making a determination as to whether there is Cause, the Company shall act reasonably and in good faith. When such termination option is exercised, the Company will be under no further obligation to the Consultant except to pay to the Consultant such fees and expenses as the Consultant may be entitled to receive, pursuant to Schedule "B" attached hereto, for Services rendered and expenses incurred to the date the such notice is given to the Consultant.
18. Either Party may terminate this Agreement upon at least 30 days' prior written notice to the other Party, and such termination will be effective at the expiration of such notice period, or at such other time and in such other manner as may be mutually agreed upon by the Parties, provided that the Company may elect to terminate the Consultant at any time by paying to the Consultant the fees it would have been entitled to receive over the 30 day notice period in lieu of such notice.
19. This Agreement will automatically terminate upon the occurrence of any of the following events: (a) the Company's bankruptcy or legal dissolution, or (b) the Consultant's death (if an individual) or bankruptcy or legal dissolution of the Consultant or death of the Consultant's principal (if not an individual).
NOTICES
20. Any notice, payment or any or all of the material that either Party may be required or may desire to give or deliver to the other under this Agreement will be conclusively deemed validly given or delivered to and received by the addressee if delivered by prepaid courier on the date of such delivery, if delivered personally, on the date of such personal delivery.
21. Either Party may, from time to time, advise the other by notice in writing of any change of address of the Party giving such notice and from and after the giving of such notice the address therein specified will be conclusively deemed to be the address of the Party giving such notice.
MISCELLANEOUS
22. The Consultant shall comply with all applicable laws, whether federal, provincial or state, applicable to the Services to be provided hereunder, and when requested by the Company, will advise the Company of any particular compliance issues that arise in the course of the Consultant providing Services to the Company under this Agreement.
23. This Agreement shall be governed by and shall be construed in accordance with the laws and jurisdiction of the State of Delaware.
24. Neither Party may sell, assign or transfer any rights or interests created under this Agreement or delegate any of its respective duties without the prior written consent of the other Party.
25. All amounts in this Agreement are in United States Dollars unless otherwise stated.
26. The headings appearing in this Agreement have been inserted for reference and as a matter of convenience and in no way define, limit or enlarge the scope of any provision of this Agreement.
27. No amendment or modification to this Agreement will become effective unless the same will have been reduced to writing and duly executed by the Parties.
30. The schedules to this Agreement are an integral part of this Agreement as if set out at length in the body of this Agreement.
31. If any covenant or provision contained herein is determined to be void, invalid or unenforceable in whole or in part for any reason whatsoever, it shall not be deemed to affect or impair the validity or enforceability of any other covenant or provisions hereof, and such unenforceable covenant or provisions or part thereof shall be treated as severable from the remained of this Agreement.
32. Each of the Parties confirms and acknowledges that it has been provided with an opportunity to seek independent legal advice with respect to its rights, entitlements, liabilities and obligations hereunder and understands that it has been recommended that such advice be sought prior to entering into this Agreement.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF the Parties have executed this Agreement as of the date first written above.
| STARFIGHTERS SPACE, INC. | FORTUNA ADVISORS, LLC | |
| /s/ David Whitney | /s/ Justus Parmar | |
| Per: Authorized Signatory | Per: Authorized Signatory | |
| Name: David Whitney | Name: Justus Parmar |
Schedule A
Consultant Agreement
|
SERVICES |
During the Term the Consultant shall devote a reasonable number of hours per work week to the Company to provide the following Services:
1. providing capital markets, corporate finance and advisory advice in connection with the initial public offering of the Company's shares on the Nasdaq Stock Market;
2. reviewing potential business development opportunities of the Company; and
3. performing such other duties as may be requested by the Company from time to time and agreed to by the Consultant.
Schedule B
Consultant Agreement
|
FEES AND EXPENSES |
1. Remuneration. During the Consultant's engagement with the Company the Consultant shall be entitled to receive the following remuneration:
a. a base fee of USD$25,000 per month ("Base Fee") plus applicable taxes, payable on a monthly basis.
2. Expenses. Consultant's reimbursable expenses must be pre-approved by the Company. The Consultant will provide back-up in the way of receipts to the Company for all expenses claimed and shall complete an expense report in the form prescribed by the Company.
COMMERCIAL HANGAR LEASE AGREEMENT
BETWEEN CITY OF MIDLAND, TEXAS
AND STARFIGHTERS INTERNATIONAL, INC.
THIS COMMERCIAL HANGAR LEASE AGREEMENT ("Agreement") is made effective this 1st day of June, 2025; by and between the CITY OF MIDLAND, TEXAS, a home rule municipal corporation ("City"), and STARFIGHTERS INTERNATIONAL, INC., ("Lessee").
RECITALS
WHEREAS, City owns and operates the Midland International Air & Space Port, located in the City of Midland, Texas (the "Airport"), and;
WHEREAS, Lessee desires to lease certain City-owned facilities and land at the Airport to engage in the business of aeronautics and provide certain aeronautical services, and Lessee desires to provide certain aviation services to the public as hereinafter permitted; and
NOW, THEREFORE, for and in consideration of the covenants and conditions herein stated, City and Lessee agree as follows:
ARTICLE 1. GRANT OF LEASE
1.01 Leased Premises: City agrees to lease to Lessee that certain 33,700 square-foot facility located on portions of Lot 2A, Block 11, Midland International Airport Industrial Addition, and Lot 3B, Block 11, Midland International Airport Industrial Addition, Section 6 City and County of Midland, Texas at the Midland International Air & Space Port (the "Leased Premises"), together with nonexclusive use of a portion of the adjacent ramp area, all as more particularly depicted on Exhibit A, which is attached hereto and incorporated herein for all purposes.
1.02 Easements: This Agreement shall be subject to such easements, rights-of-way, drill sites, or other rights or reservations affecting the Leased Premises which are of record or are clearly visible as of the date of this Agreement, or which are shown on Exhibit A.
1.03 Acceptance of Leased Premises: Lessee accepts the Leased Premises, buildings and improvements, including all fixtures, apparatus and equipment located therein "AS IS" WITH ANY AND ALL LATENT AND PATENT DEFECTS AND THAT THERE IS NO WARRANTY, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED BEING MADE BY THE CITY OF MIDLAND THAT THE BUILDINGS ARE FIT FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. LESSEE ACKNOWLEDGES THAT LESSEE IS NOT RELYING UPON ANY REPRESENTATION MADE BY CITY WITH RESPECT TO THE CONDITION OF THE BUILDINGS, BUT IS RELYING UPON LESSEE'S EXAMINATION OF THE BUILDINGS. LESSEE ALSO RECOGNIZES BY EXECUTING THE LEASE, THAT THE LESSEE IS AGREEING TO LEASE THE BUILDINGS "AS IS" THAT LESSEE AGREES TO MAKE ITS OWN APPRAISAL OF THE BUILDINGS AND TO ACCEPT THE RISK THAT LESSEE MAY BE WRONG. CITY GIVES NO ASSURANCES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED CONCERNING THE VALUE OR CONDITION OF THE BUILDINGS LEASED. IN NO EVENT SHALL A LESSEE HAVE A RIGHT TO RECOVER CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES. THEREFORE, THE LESSEE WILL TAKE;_ THE BUILDINGS UNDER THE EXPRESS UNDERSTANDING THE LEASED PREMISES ARE ACCEPTED "AS IS" AND WITH ALL FAULTS.
1.04 Delivery and Repair Obligations: Notwithstanding Article 1.03, City shall:
(a) Deliver the Leased Premises in broom-clean condition;
(b) Ensure the HVAC, electrical, and plumbing systems are operable and in good condition and repair;
(c) Ensure the water, sewer, and gas connections are operable and in good condition and repair;
(d) Clean, replace, or remove, as necessary, dirty or damaged carpeting throughout the Leased Premises, and, where applicable, clean and refinish flooring beneath carpet; and
(e) Repair all major damage to drywall, fixtures, mirrors, doors, and paint throughout the Leased Premises as necessary.
The parties acknowledge and agree that Lessee intends to take possession of the Leased Premises immediately following the commencement of the Lease Term, which will not allow City sufficient time to complete the certain obligations referenced in this Article 1.04 before Lessee takes possession of the Leased Premises. Accordingly, except for the obligations referenced in Article l .04(a).(c). City shall have a reasonable amount of time following the commencement of the Lease Term and Lessee's occupation of the Leased Premises to complete the delivery and repair obligations referenced in this Article 1.04. City shall not be in breach of this Agreement for failure to comply with the obligations referenced in Article 1.04(d)-(e) so long as City uses commercially reasonable efforts to continuously and diligently pursue completion of the work associated with these obligations. Any determination as to: (i) the condition of the Leased Premises, its systems, conoections, and facilities; and (ii) the necessity to replace any items or of any proposed repair work and the quality of the same shall be in the reasonable and good faith discretion of City.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, the City's total financial obligation for the repair and delivery items described in this Article 1.04 shall not exceed Ninety-Five Thousand Dollars ($95,000.00) in the aggregate. Any costs exceeding this amount shall require the City's prior written approval, which may be withheld in its sole discretion.
ARTICLE 2. TERM LEASE AGREEMENT
The term of this Agreement shall commence on June 1, 2025, and terminate at midnight on May 31, 2026 (the "Lease Term"), unless terminated earlier or later pursuant to the provisions of this Agreement. This Agreement may be extended on a year-to-year basis upon the mutual written consent of the parties; provided, however, that the Lease Term may only be extended a total of four (4) times for a maximum potential Lease Term of five (5) years.
ARTICLE 3. RENT
3.01 Amount of Base Rent: During the Lease Term, Lessee agrees to pay monthly to City rent for the Leased Premises as follows: $0.55 per square foot (33,700) for a total of $18,535.00 per month. Rent shall be due on the first day of each month. For purposes of this Agreement, the amount of square footage for ground and facilities being rented is agreed by the parties to be as set forth in Exhibit A.
3.02 Rental Adjustments: It is agreed and understood that provision must be made herein for an adjustment of rentals annually. Therefore, beginning on June 1, 2026, and on each annual anniversary of that date thereafter during the Lease Term, the monthly Base Rent set forth in Section 3.01 shall be increased only in the same proportion or percentage by which the cost of living has been increased as reflected by the Consumer Price Index for All Items, as maintained by the United States Government's Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics for the Dallas/Fort Worth SMA; such increase being measured by comparison with such cost-of-living indices at the beginning of the Lease Term, as compared with the indices at the end of the first 12- month period of the Lease Term. In no event shall the monthly payment due be less than $18,535.00.
3.03 Delivery of Rent: All payments required of Lessee by this Agreement shall be delivered by mail, or in person, to the Office of the Director of Airports, Midland International Air & Space Port, 9506 Laforce Boulevard, P. 0. Box 60305, Midland, Texas 79711, or to such other location as specified in writing by City from time to time, no later than the date such payment is due, unless such due date falls on a Saturday, Sunday, or City holiday, in which case such rent shall be due on the first City business day following the date such payment is due.
3.04 Delinquent Rent Payments: All rent and other payments which are past due more than five (5) days shall accrue simple interest at the rate of (i) eight percent (8.0%) annually, or (ii) the maximum percentage rate allowed by law, whichever is less. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Article 3.04, if at the time performance of the provisions set forth in this Article 3.04 becomes due, the interest to be paid in accordance with this Article 3.04 exceeds the limits on the payment of interest established by law, then the amount of interest to be paid shall be reduced to the maximum limit allowed by law; furthermore, if, from any circumstances, City should ever receive as interest an amount that would exceed the highest lawful rate, the amount that would be excessive interest shall be applied to the payment of rent owing pursuant to the provisions of this Lease Agreement and not to the payment of interest.
3.05 Application of Amounts Received: Payments received shall be applied in the following order: (i) interest accrued for late payments, (ii) late rental charges, (iii) past due rent, beginning with the oldest amount due, (iv) other past due amounts, (v) rent currently due, (vi) other amounts currently due.
3.06 Other Charges: Nothing herein shall be deemed to relieve Lessee and its tenants, sublessees, patrons, invitees, and others from Airport use charges, including fuel flowage fees paid on fuel purchased by Lessee, as are levied generally by City directly upon the operation of aircraft, or from automobile parking permit fees for parking areas that are not included within the Leased Premises, or from security fees.
ARTICLE 4. USE OF LEASED PREMISES
4.01 Permitted Uses: Lessee shall be permitted to use the Leased Premises for the purpose of conducting for-profit commercial aeronautical services or activities consisting of any or all of the following operations and no others:
(a) Repair and maintenance service for aircraft, airframe, power plant, avionics, instruments, and related equipment;
(b) Storage of fuel and such equipment and materials as may be incidental or necessary to Lessee's operations, including motor vehicles operated and/or owned by Lessee; and
(c) Such other uses as may be permitted in writing by City.
4.02 Prohibited Uses: Lessee agrees at all times to comply with the following:
(a) Lessee shall at no time use, or permit the use of, the Leased Premises in a manner that is contrary to applicable federal, state, or local laws, ordinances, rules, or regulations, which shall include, but not be limited to, applicable Federal Aviation Administration rules and regulations and applicable regulations for the use of the Airport as may from time to time be promulgated by City;
(b) Lessee shall not permit any permanent, unshielded light or illumination source to cause glare as viewed from any street, adjacent properties or operating aircraft;
(c) Lessee shall not cause or permit the burial or storage above ground on the Leased Premises of any hazardous waste or materials, as defined by federal or state law, except in accordance with applicable federal, state, or local laws, ordinances, regulations and rules, as may be adopted or amended from time to time;
(d) Lessee shall not cause or permit any use or activity on the Leased Premises which would create a hazardous condition for aircraft operating at the Airport;
(e) Lessee shall not allow the Leased Premises to be used for parking of motor vehicles, motorcycles, or motor driven equipment by anyone other than customers, employees, or contractors of Lessee except as may be authorized by the Director of Airports, with all such parking being limited to areas designated by the Department of Airports for such parking. Lessee shall not be in default for the improper parking of vehicles over which neither Lessee nor any of its subtenants, customers, employees, or contractors have any control;
(t) Lessee shall not operate, nor permit the operation of, a car rental business from the Leased Premises, unless the Lessee or the operator of said car rental business has executed a car rental concession or permit agreement with City; and
(t) Lessee shall not allow scheduled airline passenger operations to be conducted on the Leased Premises.
4.03 Compliance with Minimum Standards: All activities conducted upon the Leased Premises, whether by Lessee or its sublessees, shall be in substantial conformance with City's Minimum Standards for Aeronautical Activities, as such standards exist or may be duly amended from time to time by the City Council to the extent that such Minimum Standards may apply to Lessee's operations. City agrees to provide Lessee with written notice not later than thirty (30) days prior to adoption of substantive changes to the Minimum Standards for Aeronautical Activities which would apply to Lessee's operations.
4.04 Non-exclusive Uses: Lessee understands and acknowledges that, as to that part of the Airport not included within the Leased Premises, the allowable uses permitted herein are on a non-exclusive basis with respect to other potential providers of aeronautical services at the Airport.
4.05 Execution of Fueling Agreement: The parties acknowledge that Lessee's contemplated use of the Leased Premises will involve on-site fuel storage necessary to conduct its commercial aviation operations. Accordingly, and as a condition of entering this Agreement, Lessee shall, contemporaneously with the execution hereof, execute an Airport Fueling Agreement for Corporate Non-Commercial Hangar Tenants that governs Lessee's storage and dispensation of aviation propellants and fuels on the Leased Premises (the "Fueling Agreement"). The form of the Fueling Agreement being in a form substantially similar to that of Exhibit B, which is attached hereto and incorporated herein for all purposes. The Fueling Agreement shall be coterminous with the Lease Term. Any breach or default under the Fueling Agreement by Lessee shall also be considered a breach or default under this Agreement; any breach or default under this Agreement shall also be considered a breach or default of under Fueling Agreement.
ARTICLE 5. OBLIGATIONS OF LESSEE WITH REGARD TO CONSTRUCTION OF IMPROVEMENTS
5.01 Approval of Plans Not Assurance of Design Quality: The approval by the Director of Airports of any plans and specifications applies only to the conformity of such plans to the general architectural and operational plan for the Leased Premises and the Airport. The approval of the Director of Airports does not constitute approval of the quality of the architectural or engineering work performed. Neither City nor the Director of Airports assumes any liability or responsibility for the architectural or engineering design or for any defect in any building or improvement constructed from the plans or specifications. Construction of any contemplated improvements shall be in accordance with the plans presented to and approved by the Director of Airports. All construction work shall be subject to inspection by a representative employed by City or an inspector from the Development Services Department of City, or both, to determine that such work conforms to the plans and specifications approved by City.
5.02 Contractor's Insurance; Bonds: At any time construction activities are undertaken on the Leased Premises, Lessee shall require that its contractor or contractors keep in force insurance issued by a responsible insurance company or companies authorized to conduct business in the State of Texas insuring the improvements during construction under Completed Builder's All-Risk Insurance, including fire, extended coverage, vandalism and malicious mischief, in an amount equal to the full insurable value of such construction as the same progresses in order to insure continuity of construction and ultimate completion despite damage or destruction suffered during the course thereof. ALL INSURANCE SHALL NAME THE CITY OF MIDLAND AS AN ADDITIONAL INSURED AND CO-PAYEE, AND PROVIDE FOR A WAVIER OF SUBROGATION IN FAVOR OF THE CITY OF MIDLAND. Lessee shall require all contractors performing construction work on the Leased Premises to provide payment and performance bonds issued by a responsible bonding company or companies authorized to conduct business in the State of Texas for the full amount of the cost of the construction to be performed on forms which are in compliance with Tex. Gov't Code Ch. 2253, as amended. The foregoing shall be made a part of any contract between Lessee and its contractor or contractor. In the event Lessee does not complete the construction work itself; it shall comply with the all-risk insurance provisions hereof.
5.03 Compliance With Building Codes and Federal Standards: All improvements made to the Leased Premises by Lessee shall comply with all applicable City Building Codes and federal standards for construction of airport improvements in effect at the time construction commences as well as all other applicable federal aviation regulations, if any.
5.04 Encumbrance of Leasehold Estate: Lessee shall at no time encumber or attempt to encumber its leasehold interest in the Leased Premises by deed of trust, mortgage, security agreement or other security interest.
5.05 Ownership of Buildings, Improvements and Fixtures: Any and all buildings, improvements (including, but not limited to all aprons, taxiways and roadways), additions, alterations, and fixtures existing at the commencement of the Lease Term or constructed or placed on any part of the Leased Premises during the Lease Term by City or Lessee, shall be considered part of the real property of the Leased Premises, shall remain on the Leased Premises, and shall not be removed by Lessee or any sublessee without the written consent of City. All improvements, additions, alterations, and fixtures on the Leased Premises shall become the sole property of City upon termination of this Agreement without compensation to Lessee, it being understood and agreed by Lessee that the transfer of title to City of the buildings and improvements located on the Leased Premises at the end of the Lease Term is additional consideration for this Agreement. Notwithstanding the above, Lessee shall have the right at any time during Lessee's occupancy o( the Leased Premises, or within a reasonable time thereafter, to remove any and all furniture, machinery, equipment, but not fixtures owned or placed by Lessee, in, under, or on the Leased Premises; provided, however, prior to the termination of the Lease Term, Lessee shall repair any damage to any buildings or improvements on the Leased Premises resulting from their removal. Any such personal property items which are not removed within sixty (60) days after the termination date of this Agreement shall become the property of City as of that date.
5.06 Taxes, Assessments, and Fees: Lessee shall pay and discharge all taxes, of any kind, assessments or other fees whether general or special, ordinary or extraordinary, charged by any government or quasi-governmental entity relating directly to the Leased Premises, the Improvements located thereon and/or the Activities conducted at the Airport including leasehold (or possessory interest tax), personal property, income, excise, or any other business tax, assessment, or fee, as applicable. Lessee acknowledges and understands that it holds record title to the Improvements on the Leased Premises, and the Improvements shall be taxed under Lessee's account in a manner designed to determine the market value of the Improvements as of January 1st of each tax year. The foregoing notwithstanding, Lessee shall have the right, before delinquency occurs, of protesting, contesting, objecting to or opposing the legality or amount of any such tax, assessment or fee which Lessee deems, in good faith, are illegal or excessive; and in the event of such contest, Lessee may, to the extent provided by law, defer the payment of any such tax, assessment or fee. However, Lessee shall deposit with City that amount of any taxes that are not the subject of any contest, and which are not in dispute to be held by City, in trust, until the conclusion of any tax contest and payment of any final determination. Lessee shall be solely responsible for the payment of all taxes and the payment of taxes shall be in addition to any rental payments.
5.07 Cost, Expenses and Other Charges: Lessee shall pay all required costs, expenses and other charges or obligations of every kind and nature whatsoever relating to the Leased Premises, the improvements and/or the activities conducted by Lessee, which may arise or become due during the term of this Agreement. Lessee shall be solely responsible for adequate water pressure, and this shall be at Lessee's sole expense. Lessee shall be responsible for all costs associated with providing water for fire suppression and all other water-related issues.
ARTICLE 6. REPAIRS, MAINTENANCE AND RESTORATION
6.01 Maintenance by City: City shall, at City's sole discretion and expense, keep in good repair, condition, and appearance the taxiways and roadways that have been or may be constructed by City. City may commence required repairs as soon as reasonably practicable after receiving written notice from Lessee thereof. Except as provided in Article 1.04 above, City shall not be obligated to make repairs, replacements, or improvements of any kind upon the Leased Premises, or to any equipment, merchandise, facilities, or fixtures therein, all of which shall be Lessee's responsibility. The amount and extent of the repairs to be made by City are in City's sole discretion.
6.02 Maintenance by Lessee: Lessee shall, at Lessee's sole expense, keep the Leased Premises and all improvements of any kind, which may be existing at the commencement of the Lease Term or erected, installed, or made thereon by Lessee after commencement of the Lease Term in good repair, condition and appearance, normal wear and tear excepted. If the Lessee desires to improve or change the condition of the Leased Premises, the improvements and changes shall be at Lessee's sole cost. Oilier items of maintenance for which Lessee shall be solely responsible shall include, but not be limited to, the following:
(a) Janitorial services, providing janitorial supplies, window washing, rubbish and trash removal;
(b) Supply and replacement of light bulbs in and on all buildings (except lighting removed for causing obstructions or glare);
(c) Replacement of cracked or broken glass in all buildings;
(d) Cleaning of interior stoppages in interior plumbing fixtures and drain lines up to the first manhole or clean out outside of the exterior of the building where the stoppage occurred;
(e) Replacement of floor carpets or covering;
(f) Maintenance of all doors and door operating system s, including weather stripping and glass replacement;
(g) Painting, repairing, and replacement of interior walls not resulting from structural failure;
(h) Landscaping and grass cutting services within the Leased Premises, including, but not limited to, repair or replacement of exterior building flood lights and planter lights;
(i) Maintenance of all aprons, ramps, and roadways that are constructed by Lessee; and
G) Maintellllllce and repair of all air conditioning and utility systems.
Subject to the provisions of Article 5.05, on the last day of the term hereof, or on any sooner termination, Lessee shall surrender the Leased Premises to City in the same condition as received, except for fire and casualty, and ordinary wear and tear.
6.03 Trash and Waste Removal: Lessee agrees to cause to be removed from the Leased Premises, at its own expense, all waste, garbage, and rubbish, and agrees not to deposit same on the Leased Premises except temporarily in waste or garbage containers provided by Lessee at Lessee's expense. Lessee further agrees that Lessee will store all parts, supplies, and other materials on the interior of buildings located on the Leased Premises, provided, however, that any parts or supplies which must be kept outside because of volatility of the supply item or the size of the part will be kept out of view of the public traveling on public rights of way or other surrounding tenants by installation of fencing or other means of screening approved by the Director of Airports.
ARTICLE 7. ACCESS TO AND USE OF AIRPORT
7.01 Access to Airport: City shall maintain all roads on the Airport giving access to the Leased Premises in good and adequate condition for use by cars and trucks and shall maintain free and uninterrupted access to the Leased Premises over said roads at all times; provided, however, City shall not be in default of this Agreement if access is interrupted.
7.02 Right to Use Airport: Lessee and Lessee's employees, sublessees, and guests shall have the right to use that part of the Airport and its facilities not included within the Leased Premises in common with others authorized to do so. Such use shall be subject to all applicable federal, state or local laws, ordinances, statutes, rules, regulations; or orders of any governmental authority, lawfully exercising jurisdiction over the Airport or the activities and business operations of Lessee, including any limitations, restrictions or prohibitions affecting the aviation activities or operations of Lessee.
7.03 Vehicular Operations on the Airfield: No vehicles of Lessee, its employees, customers, or invitees will be allowed to operate on, or cross, the runways and taxiways and their respective safety areas of the Airport. When necessary, Airport Operations Control Center personnel will provide Lessee escorted access to and from the airfield area.
7.04 Airport Certification Rules and Regulations: Lessee shall comply with such rules that pertain to its operation on the Airport under the Airport Certifications Rules of Federal Aviation Regulations Part 139, as amended [14 CFR Part 139, as amended].
7.05 Airport Security Rules and Regulations: Lessee, its directors, officers, employees, and contractors shall comply with all federal and local Airport Security Regulations adopted by City or the Department of Airports as such rules and regulations exist or may hereafter be amended. LESSEE AGREES TO INDEMNIFY AND HOLD HARMLESS CITY, ITS OFFICERS, AND EMPLOYEES, FROM ANY CHARGES, FINES OR PENALTIES THAT MAY BE ASSESSED OR LEVIED BY THE FAA OR TSA BY REASON OF THE NEGLIGENT OR INTENTIONAL FAILURE OF LESSEE, ITS DIRECTORS, OFFICERS, EMPLOYEES, OR CONTRACTORS TO COMPLY WITH SUCH AIRPORT SECURITY REGULATIONS.
7.06 14 C.F.R. Part 77 Requirements: Lessee agrees to comply with the notification and review requirements set forth in Part 77 of the Federal Aviation Regulations [14 CFR Part 77] in the event any future structure, antenna or building is planned for the Leased Premises, or in the event of any planned modification of any present or future building, antenna or structure located on the Lease Premises.
7.07 Control of Structures: Lessee shall not erect nor permit the erection of any structure or object, nor permit the growth of any tree on the Leased Premises which highest point is above a mean sea level elevation established by the FAA and City as a height limitation on such structures or objects. City reserves the right to enter upon the Leased Premises and to remove the offending structure or object or cut the offending tree, at Lessee's expense.
7.07 Aerial Approaches: City reserves the right to take any action it considers necessary to protect the aerial approaches of the Airport against obstruction together with the right to prevent Lessee from erecting or permitting to be erected any building or other structure on or adjacent to the Airport which, in the opinion of City, would limit the usefulness of the Airport or constitute a hazard to aircraft.
7.08 Right of Over-flight: There is hereby reserved to City, for the use and benefit of the public, a right of flight for the passage of aircraft above the surface of the Leased Premises, together with the right to cause in said airspace such noise as may be inherent in the operation of aircraft, now known or hereafter used for navigation of or flight in the air, using said airspace for landing at, taking off from or operating on the Airport.
ARTICLE 8. INSURANCE
8.0I Lessee's Minimum Insurance Amounts: Lessee shall obtain and maintain continuously in effect at all times during the Lease Tenn, at Lessee's sole expense, at least the following minimum insurance with a carrier or carriers licensed to do business in the State of Texas and satisfactory to City:
(a) Property and Casualty Insurance insuring against loss or damage to Lessee's improvements and any and all property being maintained or repaired by Lessee due to fire, lightning and all other perils included in standard extended coverage policies, and vandalism and malicious mischief, all in amounts of not less than one hundred percent (100%) of replacement value;
(b) Commercial General Liability Insurance against claims for bodily injury, death, or property damage occurring on, in or about the Leased Premises, or any other portion of the Airport, in at least the amount of $1,000,000.00 per individual, $1,000,000.00 per occurrence and $1,000,000.00 with respect to property, and the statutory limits with respect to worker's compensation.
8.02 Lessee's Coverage Primary: All insurance herein required shall apply as primary and not in excess of or contributing with other insurance which the Lessee may carry. Insurance provided pursuant to Article 8.01 shall name City as an additional insured or loss payee as the case may be and provide for a waiver of subrogation in favor of City. The comprehensive general liability policy as provided in Article 8.0l(b) shall provide contractual liability coverage sufficiently broad so as to include the liability assumed by Lessee in the indemnity and hold harmless provisions included in Article 9 of this Agreement. The Lessee's insurance policies as required by this Agreement shall apply separately to City as if separate policies had been issued to Lessee and City.
8.03 Contents of General Liability Policy: Lessee's Comprehensive General Liability policy shall protect City and Lessee against any and all liability to any person or persons whose property damage or personal injury arises out of or is in connection with the occupation, use, or condition of the Leased Premises or resulting from any,injury or damage occurring on or about the roads, driveways or other public areas of the Leased Premises used by Lessees, its trustees, officers, employees, students, invitees, and contractors at the Airport, whether or not such damage or injury is the result of negligence of the Lessee or its officers, employees, representatives, invitees, licensees, contractors, agents, guests, or students.
8.04 Cancellation: Certificates of Insurance: Lessee's insurance as required by this Agreement shall not be subject to cancellation or material alteration until at least thirty (30) days written notice has been provided to City. Lessee shall furnish to City, annually, Certificates of Insurance showing City as an additional insured and evidencing that all the herein-stated requirements have been met.
8.05 Insurance Not Limitation on Indemnity: The amount or amounts of all required policies shall not be deemed a limitation of the Lessee's agreement to indemnify and hold harmless City, its officers and employees in the event Lessee or City, its officers or employees shall become liable in an amount in excess of the amount or amounts of such policies.
8.06 City's Right to Purchase Insurance: In the event such insurance as required by Article 8.01, above, shall lapse, City reserves the right to obtain such insurance at Lessee's expense. Upon demand from City, Lessee shall reimburse City for the full amount of the premium paid on Lessee\s behalf.
ARTICLE 9. INDEMNITY
LESSEE SHALL INDEMNIFY AND HOLD HARMLESS AND DEFEND CITY AND ALL OF CITY'S OFFICERS, AGENTS AND EMPLOYEES FROM ALL SUITS, ACTIONS, CLAIMS, DAMAGES, PERSONAL INJURIES, LOSSES, PROPERTY DAMAGE AND EXPENSES OF ANY CHARACTER WIµTSOEVER, INCLUDING REASONABLE ATTORNEY'S FEES, BROUGHT FOR OR ON ACCOUNT OF ANY INJURIES OR DAMAGES RECEIVED OR SUSTAINED BY ANY PERSON OR PERSONS OR PROPERTY, ON ACCOUNT OF ANY NEGLIGENT ACT OF LESSEE, ITS AGENTS OR EMPLOYEES, OR ANY SUBCONTRA(;TOR, ARISING OUT OF, OR RESULTING FROM, LESSEE'S USE OF, OR ACTIVITIES ON, THE AGREEMENT PREMISES, AND LESSEE WILL BE REQUIRED TO PAY ANY JUDGMENT WITH COSTS WHICH MAY BE OBTAINED AGAINST CITY OR ANY OF ITS OFFICERS, AGENTS OR EMPLOYEES, INCLUDING REASONABLE ATTORNEY'S FEES.
LESSEE SHALL INDEMNIFY AND HOLD HARMLESS AND DEFEND CITY AND ALL OF CITY'S OFFICERS, AGENTS AND EMPLOYEES FROM ALL SUITS, ACTIONS CLAIMS, DAMAGES, PERSONAL INJURIES, ACCIDENTAL DEATH, PROPERTY DAMAGE, LOSSES, AND EXPENSE OF ANY CHARACTER WHATSOEVER INCLUDING REASONABLE ATTORNEY'S FEES, BROUGHT FOR OR ON ACCOUNT OF ANY INJURIES OR DAMAGES RECEIVED OR SUSTAINED BY ANY PERSON OR PERSONS OR PROPERTY, ON ACCOUNT OF ANY NEGLIGENT ACT OF CITY, CITY'S OFFICERS, AGENTS AND EMPLOYEES, WHETHER SUCH NEGLIGENT ACT WAS THE SOLE PROXIMATE CAUSE OF THE INJURY OR DAMAGE OR A PROXIMATE CAUSE JOINTLY AND CONCURRENTLY WITH LESSEE OR LESSEE'S EMPLOYEES, AGENTS OR SUBCONTRACTORS NEGLIGENCE, IN THE EXECUTION, SUPERVISION AND OPERATIONS GROWING OUT OF OR IN ANY WAY CONNECTED WITH THE PERFORMANCE OF THIS AGREEMENT AND LESSEE WILL BE REQUIRED TO PAY ANY JUDGMENT WITH COSTS WHICH MAY BE OBTAINED AGAINST CITY OR ANY OF ITS OFFICERS, AGENTS OR EMPLOYEES, INCLUDING ATTORNEY'S FEES.
ARTICLE 10. UTILITIES
Lessee shall be solely responsible for the payment of all water, electric, telephone, refuse, natural gas and other public utility services used on the Leased Premises.
ARTICLE 11. SIGNS
11.01 Consent Required: Except with the prior written consent of City's Director of Airports Lessee shall not erect, maintain or display any signs or any advertising at, or on, the exterior part of structures on the Leased Premises, or, inside any buildings located on the Leased Premises so as to be visible through the window or exterior doors thereof.
11.02 Removal on Termination: Upon the termination of this Agreement, Lessee shall remove, obliterate, or paint out, as City may direct, any and all signs and advertising on the Leased Premises or elsewhere at the Airport, and in connection therewith shall restore the Leased Premises to the same condition as prior to the placement of any such signs or advertising. If there is a failure by Lessee to so remove, obliterate or paint out each and every sign or advertising and so to restore the Leased Premises, City may, at its option, perform the necessary work at the expense of Lessee, and the charge therefor shall be paid by Lessee to City on demand. In certain circumstances, City may elect to allow specific signs to,remain as existing at the termination of this Agreement. Such signs shall be identified and agreed upon mutually, in writing, by Lessee and City.
ARTICLE 12. ASSIGNMENT AND SUBLEASING
At no time shall Lessee sublease any portion of the Leased Premises or assign its interests or obligations in this Lease Agreement without the written consent of City. Any such assignment or attempted assignment shall be void ab initio.
ARTICLE 13. TAX LIENS
Lessee shall be solely responsible for the collection and payment of all applicable federal, state, and local taxes, including, but not limited to, sales, use, amusement, or excise tax required to be collected and paid over by Lessee to the appropriate taxing authority. Furthermore, Lessee shall be responsible for the payment of any applicable ad valorem taxes and any taxes on Lessee's personal property located on the Leased Premises. Lessee shall at no time permit the foreclosure of any tax liens to Lessee's leasehold interest in the Leased Premises or the buildings, fixtures, or other improvements located on the Leased Premises.
ARTICLE 14. DEFAULT AND REMEDIES
14.01 Default by Lessee; Termination: The following shall be deemed to be events of default by Lessee under this Agreement:
(a) Lessee shall fail to pay when due any installment of rent or any other payment required pursuant to this Agreement;
(b) Lessee shall abandon any substantial portion of the Leased Premises;
(c) Lessee or any guarantor of Lessee's obligations hereunder shall file a petition or be adjudged bankrupt or insolvent under any applicable federal or state bankruptcy or insolvency law or admit that it cannot meet its financial obligations as they become due, or a receiver or trustee shall be appointed for all or substantially all of the assets of Lessee of any guarantor of Lessee's obligations hereunder;
(d) Lessee or any guarantor of Lessee's obligations hereunder shall make a transfer in fraud of creditors or shall make an assignment for the benefit of creditors;
(d) Lessee shall do or permit to be done any act which results in a lien being filed against the Leased Premises;
(e) The liquidation, termination, dissolution of Lessee o_r any guarantor of Lessee's obligations hereunder; or
(f) Lessee shall be in noncompliance with any other term, provision or covenant of this Agreement, other than those specified in subpart (a) through (f) above.
Upon the occurrence of an event of default by Lessee, City may give written notice of such default to Lessee in accordance with the notice provisions in this Agreement. Upon City's issuance of such written notice to Lessee, Lessee shall have thirty (30) days to cure the default and provide satisfactory evidence of such cure to City. If Lessee is unable to cure the default within such 30- day period, then City shall have the right, but not the obligation, to terminate this Agreement by giving Lessee ten (10) days' prior written notice of City's election.
14.02 Abandonment of Business by Lessee: Lessee further agrees that the abandonment for a period of thirty (30) days by Lessee of the conduct of its business activities at the Airport shall terminate Lessee's rights under this Agreement. By so terminating this Agreement, City does not waive any other claim or rights against Lessee. For the purposes of this paragraph, the term "abandonment" shall mean the failure of Lessee to be open for business on the Leased Premises except in the case of war, strike, catastrophe or causes beyond Lessee's control.
14.02 No Remedy Exclusive: No remedy herein conferred upon or reserved to City or Lessee is intended to be exclusive of any other available remedy or remedies, but each and every such remedy shall be cumulative and shall be in addition to every other remedy given under this Agreement or hereafter existing under law or in equity. No delay or omission to exercise any right or power accruing upon any default shall impair any such right or power or shall be construed to be a waiver thereof, but any such right and power may be exercised from time to time and as often as may be deemed expedient. In order to entitle City and Lessee to exercise any remedy reserved to it in this Article, it shall not be necessary to give any notice, other than such notice as may be herein expressly required.
14.04 No Waiver of Breach: City's failure or delay in declaring the existence of an event of default by Lessee shall not be construed as a waiver thereof, nor shall it be construed so as to waive or to lessen the right of City to insist upon the performance by Lessee of any term, covenant or condition hereof, or to exercise any rights given it on account of any such event of default. A waiver of any particular event of default shall not be deemed to be a waiver of the same, similar of any other subsequent event of default.
14.05 Expeditious Action: Notwithstanding any provision as to notice in this Agreement herein contained, ifin City's reasonable judgment the continuance of any event of default by Lessee for the full period of the notice to cure the event of default will jeopardize the operation of the Airport or the rights of City or the other Airport tenants, City may, without notice, elect to perform those acts in respect to which Lessee is in default. Lessee shall reimburse City for any reasonable and necessary costs incurred by City pursuant to this Article 14.05.
ARTICLE 15. TERMINATION BY LESSEE
15.01 Termination: Lessee shall have the right to terminate this Agreement in its entirety, and all rights and obligations ensuing therefrom immediately upon the occurrence of the following:
(a) The issuance of any order, rule or regulation of the Federal Aviation Administration, or its successor Federal Agency, or other competent government authority, Federal or State, or the issuance and execution of any judicial process by any court of competent jurisdiction, materially restricting for a period of at least sixty (60) days, the use of the airport for aeronautical purposes, provided that none of the foregoing is due to any fault of Lessee; or
(b) The material restriction of City's operation of the Airport by action of the Federal Government, or any department or agency thereof, under its wartime or emergency powers, and the continuance thereof for a period of not less than sixty (60) days; provided, however, that without prejudice to the rights of Lessee to terminate as above provided, City and Lessee may mutually agree to adjust fees and charges; or
(c) Material restrictions of the operation of the Airport arising from City's failure to maintain and keep in repair the landing area of the Airport.
15.02 Payment and Termination: If Lessee terminates this Lease for any of the reasons set forth in (a) through (c) of Article 15.01, City shall promptly repay Lessee any rent previously paid by Lessee attributable to the period following the date of such termination.
ARTICLE 16. MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS
16.01 Release: LESSEE HEREBY RELEASES, ACQUITS AND FOREVER DISCHARGES CITY, ITS EMPLOYEES AND OFFICERS, FROM ANY AND ALL DEMANDS, CLAIMS OR CAUSES OF ACTION OF ANY KIND WHATSOEVER WHICH LESSEE HAS OR MIGHT HAVE IN THE FUTURE, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO BREACH OF CONTRACT, QUANTUM MERUIT, CLAIMS UNDER THE DUE PROCESS AND TAKINGS CLAUSES OF THE TEXAS AND UNITED STATES CONSTITUTIONS, TORT CLAIMS, OR CITY'S NEGLIGENCE.
16.02 Quiet Enjoyment: Upon the performance of the covenants and agreements on the part of the Lessee to be performed hereunder, the Lessee shall peaceably have and enjoy the Leased Premises, appurtenances, facilities, licenses and privileges granted in this Agreement.
16.03 Force Majeure: Neither City nor Lessee shall be deemed in violation of this Agreement if it is prevented from performing any of its obligations hereunder except the obligation to pay rent by reason of strikes, boycotts, labor disputes, embargoes, shortages of materials, act of God, acts of the public enemy, act of superior governmental authority, weather conditions, floods, riots, rebellions, acts of sabotage or any other circumstances for which it is not responsible or which are not in its control.
16.04 Independent Contractor: It is expressly understood and agreed that Lessee shall perform all work and services described herein as an independent contractor and not as an officer, agent, servant or employee of City; that Lessee shall have exclusive control of and the exclusive right to control the details of the services and work performed hereunder, and all persons performing the same; and shall be solely responsible for the acts and omissions ofits officers, agents, employees, contractors and subcontractors; that the doctrine of respond at superior shall not apply as between City and Lessee, its officers, agents, employees, contractors and subcontractors; and that nothing herein shall be construed as creating a partnership or joint enterprise between City and Lessee. No person performing any of the work and services described hereunder by Lessee shall be considered an officer, agent, servant or employee of City. Further, it is specifically understood and agreed that nothing in this Agreement is intended or shall be construed as creating a "Community of Pecuniary Interest" or "An Equal Right of Control" which would give rise to vicarious liability. Lessee shall be an independent contractor under this Agreement and shall assume all of the rights, obligations and liabilities, applicable to it as such independent contractor hereunder and any provisions in this Agreement which may appear to give City the right to direct Lessee as to details of doing the work herein covered or to exercise a measure of control over the work shall be deemed to mean that Lessee shall follow the desires of City in the results of the work only. City does not have the power to direct the order in which the work is done. City shall not have the right to control the means, methods, or details of Lessee's work.
16.05 Inspection by City: City may enter upon the Leased Premises at any reasonable time for any purpose necessary, incidental to or connected with the performance of City's obligations hereunder, or in the exercise of its governmental functions, for fire protection or security purposes, or for inspecting or maintaining the Leased Premises, or doing any and all things City is obligated to do, or which may be deemed by City necessary or desirable for·the proper conduct and operation of the Airport or the protection of City's interests.
16.06 On-Site Representatives: Lessee shall select and appoint a representative or representatives for its operations at the Airport. The representatives shall be qualified and experienced, and vested with the full power and authority to act in the name of the Lessee with respect to the method, manner and conduct of the operation of Lessee to be performed under this Agreement. City's onsite representative shall be City's Director of Airports.
16.07 Conformance with Rules and Regulations: The use of the Airport by Lessee shall be subject to any and all rules, regulations and ordinarlces which are now in force or which may be hereafter adopted by City with respect to the operation and use of the Airport, but no such rules, regulations, or ordinances shall increase the Base Rent or Additional Rent payable by Lessee under this Lease or otherwise materially and adversely affect Lessee's tenure of the Leased Premises under this Lease. Furthermore, this Agreement and Lessee's use of the Airport shall be subject to any and all applicable laws, ordinances, resolutions, statutes, rules, regulations or orders of any Federal, State or local governmental authority lawfully exercising jurisdiction over the Airport or the activities and business operations of Lessee, including any limitations, restrictions or prohibitions affecting the aviation activities or operations of Lessee.
16.08 Licenses and Permits: Lessee hereby agrees that it shall, at its own expense and cost, procure and obtain all lawfully required licenses and permits, certificates and other authorizations required by any governmental authority, in connection with or covering the operations or activities permitted to be performed by it under the provisions of this Agreement.
16.09 Notices: Notices provided for in this Agreement shall be either hand delivered or sent by certified mail, return receipt requested, postage prepaid, and properly addressed as follows:
| If to City: | Director of Airports |
| P. 0. Box 60305 | |
| 9506 LaForce Boulevard | |
| Midland, Texas 79711 | |
| With Copy To: | City Manager |
| P. 0. Box 1152 | |
| 300 North Loraine | |
| Midland, Texas 79702 | |
| If to Lessee: | Starfighters International, Inc. |
| ___________________________ | |
| ___________________________ | |
| ___________________________ |
The parties may change the representative or address for delivery of notices from time to time by sending written notices to the other party. All notices shall be in writing and effective only upon actual receipt.
16.10 Governing Law and Venue: This Agreement shall be governed by the laws of the State of Texas. All performance and payments made pursuant to this Agreement shall be deemed to have occurred in Midland County, Texas. Exclusive venue for any claims, suits or any other action arising from or connected in any way to this Agreement, or the performance of this Agreement shall be in Midland County, Texas.
16.11 Severability: If any provision of this Agreement is invalid or unenforceable, this Agreement shall be considered severable as to such provision, and the remainder of this Agreement shall remain valid and binding as though such invalid or unenforceable provision were not included herein.
16.12 Use of Language: Words of any gender used in this Agreement shall be held and construed to include any other gender; and words in the singular shall be held to include the plural, unless the context otherwise requires.
16.13 Counterparts: This Agreement may be executed in multiple counterparts, each of which shall be deemed as original, and all of which constitute but one and the same instrument.
16.14 Development of the Airport: Future development, changes, alterations, modifications, or improvement to the Airport shall be at the sole discretion of City, subject only to such notification to Lessee that the Federal Aviation Administration may dictate.
16.15 Subordination to Federal Agreements: This Agreement shall be subordinate to the provisions and requirements of any existing or future agreement between City and the United States, relative to the development, operation, or maintenance of the Airport.
16.16 No Exclusivity on Aeronautical Services: Nothing herein contained shall be construed to grant or authorize the granting of the exclusive right to provide aeronautical services to the public as prohibited by Section 308(a) of the Federal Aviation Act of 1958, as amended.
16.17 Termination At Will: City may terminate this Agreement at will for no or any reason upon giving one hundred and twenty (120) days written notice to the Lessee. The parties to this Lease understand and agree that it is in City's sole discretion to cancel the Lease during the term of the Lease without penalty to City. The parties have no expectation and have received no guarantees that this Lease will not be terminated before May 31, 2026. The parties have bargained for the flexibility of terminating this Lease upon tender of the requisite notice at any time during the term of this Lease. All work and services under this Lease shall be suspended immediately upon termination of the Lease becoming effective.
16.18 Discrimination Prohibited: The Lessee, for itself, its trustees, officers, legal representatives, successors-in-interest and assigns, as a part of the consideration hereof, agrees (i) that no person on the grounds of race, color, sex, national origin, veteran status or disability shall be excluded from participation in, denied the benefits of or be otherwise subjected to discrimination in the use of the Leased Premises; (ii) that in the construction of any improvements on, over or under the Leased Premises and the furnishing of services thereon, no person on the grounds of race, sex, color, national origin, or disability shall be excluded from participation in, denied the benefits of or otherwise be subjected to discrimination; (iii) that the Lessee shall use the Leased Premises and the Airport in compliance with all other requirements imposed by, or pursuant to, Title 49, Code of Federal Regulations, Department of Transportation, Subtitle A, office of the Secretary, Part 21, Nondiscrimination in Federally-Assisted Programs of the Department of Transportation Effectuation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, and as said regulations may be amended. In the event of breach of any of the above nondiscrimination covenants, City shall have the right to terminate this Agreement and to re-enter and repossess the Leased Premises and the improvements thereon, and hold the same as if said Agreement were terminated by its own term pursuant to Article 2.01 above.
16.19 Affirmative Action Program: Lessee assures that it will undertake an affirmative action program as required by 14 CFR Part 152, Subpart E, to ensure that no person shall on the grounds of race, creed, color, national origin, sex or disability be excluded from participating in any employment activities covered in 14 CFR Part 152, Subpart E. Lessee assures that no person shall be excluded on these grounds from participating in or receiving the services or benefits of any program or activity covered by this Agreement.
16.20 Entire Agreement: This Agreement, in conjunction with the Fueling Agreement, embodies the entire agreement between City and Lessee, and supersedes all prior agreements and understandings, whether written or oral, and all contemporaneous oral agreements and understandings relating to the subject matter hereof. Neither this Agreement nor the Fueling Agreement shall be changed modified, discharged, or extended, except by written instrument duly executive by City and Lessee. The parties agree that no representations or warranties shall be binding upon either party unless expressed in writing in this Agreement or the Fueling Agreement.
16.21 Attorney's Fees: BY EXECUTING THIS AGREEMENT, LESSEE AGREES TO WAIVE AND DOES HEREBY WAIVE ANY CLAIM IT HAS OR MAY HAVE AGAINST CITY, REGARDING THE AWARD OF ATTORNEY'S FEES, WHICH ARE IN ANY WAY RELATED TO THE LEASE, OR THE CONSTRUCTION, INTERPRETATION OR BREACH OF THE LEASE. THE LESSEE SPECIFICALLY AGREES THAT IF THE LESSEE BRINGS OR COMMENCES ANY LEGAL ACTION OR PROCEEDING RELATED TO THIS LEASE, THE CONSTRUCTION, INTERPRETATION, VALIDITY OR BREACH OF TIDS LEASE, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO ANYACTION PURSUANT TO THE PROVISIONS OF THE TEXAS UNIFORM DECLARATORY JUDGMENTS ACT (TEXAS CIVIL PRACTICE AND REMEDIES CODE SECTION 37.001, ET SEQ., AS AMENDED), THE LESSEE AGREES TO WAIVE AND RELINQUISH ANY AND ALL RIGHTS TO THE RECOVERY OF ATTORNEY'S FEES TO WHICH LESSEE MIGHT OTHERWISE BE ENTITLED. LESSEE AGREES THAT TIDS IS THE INTENTIONAL RELINQUISHMENT OF A PRESENTLY EXISTING KNOWN RIGHT. LESSEE ACKNOWLEDGES THAT IT UNDERSTANDS ALL TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF THE AGREEMENT. BY EXECUTION OF THE AGREEMENT, LESSEE HEREBY REPRESENTS AND WARRANTS TO CITY THAT LESSEE HAS READ AND UNDERSTOOD THE AGREEMENT. TIDS ARTICLE SHALL NOT BE CONSTRUED OR INTERPRETED AS A WAIVER OF GOVERNMENTAL IMMUNITY.
16.22 Governmental Immunity: By executing this Agreement City is not waiving its right of governmental immunity. City is retaining its immunity from suit. City is not granting consent to be sued by legislative resolution or action. THERE IS NO WAIVER OF GOVERNMENTAL IMMUNITY.
16.23 Third-Party Beneficiary: City's approval of this Agreement does not create a third-party beneficiary. There is no third-party beneficiary to this Agreement. No person or entity who is not a party to this Agreement shall have any third-party beneficiary or other rights hereunder.
16.24 Notice of Alleged Breach; Statutory Prerequisites: As a condition precedent to filing suit for alleged damages incurred by an alleged breach of an express or implied provision of this Agreement, Lessee or its legal representative, shall give the City Manager, or any other reasonable official of City, notice in writing (consisting of one (I) original and seven (7) copies of notice attached to a copy of this Agreement) of such damages, duly verified, within one hundred and eighty (180) days after the same has been sustained. The discovery rule does not apply to the giving of this notice. The notice shall include when, where and how the damages occurred, the apparent extent thereof, the amount of damages sustained, the amount for which Lessee will settle, the physical and mailing addresses of Lessee at the time and date the claim was presented and the physical and mailing addresses of Lessee for the six (6) months immediately preceding the occurrence of such damages, and the names and addresses of the witnesses upon whom the Lessee relies to establish its claim; Lessee's failure to sonotify the City Manager within the time and manner provided herein shall exonerate, excuse, and except the City from any liability whatsoever. City is under no obligation to provide notice to Lessee that Lessee's notice is insufficient. City reserves the right to request reasonable additional information regarding the claim. Said additional information shall be supplied within thirty (30) days after receipt of notice.
The statutory prerequisites outlined herein constitute jurisdictional requirements pursuant to Section 271.154 of the Texas Local Government Code and Section 311.034 of the Texas Government Code. Notwithstanding any other provision, Lessee's failure to comply with the requirements herein shall perpetually bar Lessee's claim for damages under Chapter 271 of the Texas Local Government Code, and Section 311.034 of the Texas Government Code, regardless of whether City has actual or constructive notice or knowledge of said claim or alleged damages. Lessee agrees that the requirements of this entire agreement are reasonable.
16.25 No Waiver of Governmental Immnnity; Ch. 271, Tex. Loe. Gov't Code: The parties acknowledge that this Agreement does not constitute a Contract for providing goods and/or services to City, as discussed in Subchapter I of Chapter 271 of the Texas Local Government Code, and City does not waive, to the maximum extent allowed by law, any constitutional, statutory, or common law right to governmental immunity from liability or suit. City expressly does not consent to be sued or be liable. To the greatest extent allowed by law, nothing in this Agreement constitutes a waiver of City's governmental immunity and the parties expressly agree that this Agreement shall not constitute, nor be interpreted as a waiver of City's governmental immunity under Subchapter I of Chapter 271 of the Texas Local Government Code, nor shall it constitute nor be interpreted as a waiver of City's governmental immunity for the benefit of any third party.
This Agreement merely prohibits Lessee and its agents from using the Leased Premises for any other purpose than that described herein. This Agreement restricts the use of the Leased Premises to a specific purpose but does not require the use of Leased Premises for a specific purpose. This Agreement does not require Lessee or its agents to construct, operate, repair, maintain, replace, or remove any facilities or structures described herein. Lessee and its agents are not providing a service to City. Lessee is paying City for a leasehold interest in the Leased Premises, not for a service. Any such provision shall be deemed to be a covenant against noncomplying use, not a covenant to use. Lessee's and its agent's use of the Leased Premises in compliance with a restriction shall not constitute a service, and such complying use shall not operate to waive City's governmental immunity.
[Signature pages follow]
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Agreement to be legally executed in duplicate as of the first date indicated above.
| THE CITY OF MIDLAND, TEXAS | STARFIGHTERS INTERNATIONAL, INC. | |
| By: _________________ | By: /s/ Rick Svetkoff | |
| Tommy Gonzales, City Manager | Name: Rick Svetkoff | |
| Title: President |

Signature Page for Commercial Hangar
Lease Agreement Between City of Midland,
Texas, and Startighters International, Inc.
Exhibit A
Depiction of Leased Premises

Exhibit B
Form of Airport Fueling Agreement for Corporate Non-Commercial Hangar Tenants
AMENDMENT NO. 2
TO
ENGAGEMENT LETTER
This AMENDMENT NO. 2 TO ENGAGEMENT LETTER, dated as of August 7, 2025, is entered into by and between Starfighters Space, Inc. (the "Company") and Digital Offering LLC ("Digital Offering" or "DO") (this "Amendment").
WHEREAS, Starfighters Space, Inc. ("Starfighters") and Digital Offering entered into an Engagement Letter Agreement on October 27, 2023 and amended on June 11, 2024 (as may be amended, restated or otherwise modified from time to time, the "Engagement Letter");
WHEREAS, on the date hereof, Starfighters and the Company elected to complete the current Tier II offering (the "Offering") of the Securities with a listing on the NYSE American; and
WHEREAS, the Company and Digital Offering desire to amend the Engagement Letter as set forth herein.
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration for the promises contained herein and the mutual obligations of the parties hereto, the receipt and sufficiency of which are hereby expressly acknowledged, the parties hereto, intending to be legally bound, hereby agree as follows:
1. Section 2(a) and Section 2(c) of the Engagement Letter shall be deleted in their entirety and the following substituted in lieu thereof, with effect from the date first written above:
"(a) As compensation to Digital Offering for its services hereunder, the Company agrees to pay Digital Offering, concurrently with each closing of the Offering, a cash agent fee (the "Agent Fee") equal to 7.5% of the gross proceeds of the Offering. In addition, on the date of each closing of the Offering, the Company will issue to Digital Offering a five-year agent warrant (the "Agent Warrant") for the purchase of a number of common shares that is equal to the quotient of one percent (1%) of the of the dollar amount of Securities sold at such closing divided by the price per share paid by Investors for Securities sold at such closing. The Agent Warrant will have an exercise price equal to the offering price of the Securities sold to investors in the Offering. The Agent Warrant will contain customary terms and conditions, including without limitation, provisions for cashless exercise and the Agent Warrant will be registered under the offering statement for the Offering. Digital Offering understands and agrees that there are significant restrictions pursuant to Financial Industry Regulatory Authority ("FINRA") Rule 5110 against transferring the Agent Warrant and the underlying securities during the one hundred eighty (180) days after the qualification date of the offering statement for the Offering and by its acceptance thereof shall agree that it will not sell, transfer, assign, pledge or hypothecate the Agent Warrant, or any portion thereof, or be the subject of any hedging, short sale, derivative, put or call transaction that would result in the effective economic disposition of such securities for a period of one hundred eighty (180) days following the qualification date of the offering statement for the Offering to anyone other than (i) an underwriter or selected dealer in connection with the Offering, or (ii) a bona fide officer or partner of Digital Offering or of any underwriter or selected dealer; and only if any such transferee agrees to the foregoing lock-up restrictions.
(c) The Company shall be responsible for and pay all expenses relating to the Offering, including, without limitation, all filing fees and communication expenses relating to the qualification of the Securities to be sold in the Offering with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "Commission") and the filing of the offering materials with FINRA; if applicable all fees and expenses relating to the listing of such Securities on the OTCQB, OTCQX, Nasdaq market system, NYSE or NYSE American as the Company and DO together determine. Upon the execution of the engagement letter, the Company at its own expense will conduct background checks, by a background search firm acceptable to DO, for the Company's senior management; all fees, expenses and disbursements relating to the registration or qualification of such Securities; the costs of all mailing and printing of the Offering documents (including the Offering Agreement, any Blue Sky Surveys and, if appropriate, any Agreement Among Selected Dealers' Agreement and Selling Agent's Questionnaire), Offering Statements, Offering Circulars and all amendments, supplements and exhibits thereto and as many preliminary and final Offering Circulars as DO may reasonably deem necessary; the costs of preparing, printing and delivering certificates representing such Securities; fees and expenses of the transfer agent for such Securities; stock transfer taxes, if any, payable upon the transfer of securities from the Company to DO; the fees and expenses of the Company's accountants and the fees and expenses of the Company's legal counsel and other agents and representatives. Upon DO's and the Company's mutual agreement, the Company shall provide funds to pay all such fees, expenses and disbursements in advance. For the sake of clarity, it is understood and agreed that the Company shall be responsible for DO's reasonable legal costs up to the amount of $100,000, of which $25,000 to be deposited with the signing of this Amendment directly to DO's counsel, if the Offering is consummated or if the Company terminates this Agreement or if DO terminates this Agreement as the result of the Company's material breach of this Agreement, which breach is not cured within ten (10) days following written notice to the Company from DO of such breach up to a maximum of $100,000 of actual fees and expenses. The $25,000 advance payment for DO's legal fees shall be reimbursed to the Company to the extent not actually incurred, in compliance with FINRA Rule 5110(g)(4)(a). The Company shall be solely responsible for work, fees, costs and expenses in connection with any required Blue Sky filings.
2. Except as herein amended, the terms and provisions of the Engagement Letter shall remain in full force and effect.
3. This Amendment may not be modified or amended except in writing duly executed by the parties hereto.
4. This Amendment may be executed in counterparts, each of which shall be deemed an original, and will become effective and binding upon the parties at such time as all of the signatories hereto have signed a counterpart of this Amendment. All counterparts so executed shall constitute one Amendment binding on all of the parties hereto, notwithstanding that all of the parties are not signatory to the same counterpart. Each of the parties hereto shall sign a sufficient number of counterparts so that each party will receive a fully executed original of this Amendment.
* * * * *
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have executed this Amendment No. 2 to Engagement Letter as of the date first set forth above.
| STARFIGHTERS SPACE, INC. | ||
| By: | /s/ Rick Svetkoff | |
| Name: Rick Svetkoff | ||
| Title: Chief Executive Officer | ||
| DIGITAL OFFERING LLC | |
| By: /s/ Gordon McBean_________ | |
| Name: Gordon McBean | |
| Title: Chief Executive Officer |
INDEMNITY AGREEMENT
This Indemnity Agreement, dated as of August 12, 2025 is made by and between STARFIGHTERS SPACE, INC., a Delaware corporation (the "Company"), and Brian Goldmeier, a director, officer or key employee of the Company or one of the Company's Subsidiaries or Affiliates (as those terms are defined below) or other service provider who satisfies the definition of Indemnifiable Person set forth below ("Indemnitee").
RECITALS
A. The Company is aware that competent and experienced persons are increasingly reluctant to serve as representatives of corporations unless they are protected by comprehensive liability insurance and indemnification, due to increased exposure to litigation costs and risks resulting from their service to such corporations, and due to the fact that the exposure frequently bears no relationship to the compensation of such representatives;
B. The members of the Board of Directors of the Company (the "Board") have concluded that to retain and attract talented and experienced individuals to serve as representatives of the Company and its Subsidiaries and Affiliates and to encourage such individuals to take the business risks necessary for the success of the Company and its Subsidiaries and Affiliates, it is necessary for the Company to contractually indemnify certain of its representatives and the representatives of its Subsidiaries and Affiliates, and to assume for itself maximum liability for Expenses and Other Liabilities (as those terms are defined below) in connection with claims against such representatives in connection with their service to the Company and its Subsidiaries and Affiliates;
C. Section 145 of the Delaware General Corporation Law ("Section 145"), empowers the Company to indemnify by agreement its officers, directors, employees and agents, and persons who serve, at the request of the Company, as directors, officers, employees or agents of other corporations, partnerships, joint ventures, trusts or other enterprises. The Restated Bylaws of the Company (the "Bylaws") require indemnification of the directors and officers of the Company subject to specific terms and conditions. Indemnitee may also be entitled to indemnification pursuant to Section 145. The Bylaws and Section 145 expressly provide that the indemnification pursuant thereto is not exclusive and contemplate that contracts may be entered into between the Company and members of the Board, officers, and other persons with respect to indemnification;
D. This Agreement is a supplement to and in furtherance of the Bylaws and any resolutions adopted pursuant thereto, as well as any rights of Indemnitees under the Delaware General Corporation Law (the "DGCL") or any directors and officers liability insurance policy or other applicable insurance policies, and this Agreement shall not be deemed a substitute therefor, nor to diminish or abrogate any rights of Indemnitee thereunder; and
E. The Company desires and has requested Indemnitee to serve or continue to serve as a representative of the Company and/or the Subsidiaries or Affiliates of the Company free from undue concern about inappropriate claims for damages arising out of or related to such services to the Company and/or the Subsidiaries or Affiliates of the Company.
AGREEMENT
NOW, THEREFORE, the parties hereto, intending to be legally bound, hereby agree as follows:
1. Definitions.
(a) Affiliate. For purposes of this Agreement, "Affiliate" of the Company means any corporation, partnership, limited liability company, joint venture, trust or other enterprise or non- profit entity in respect of which Indemnitee is or was or will be serving as a director, officer, trustee, manager, member, partner, employee, agent, attorney, consultant, member of the entity's governing body (whether constituted as a board of directors, board of managers, general partner or otherwise), fiduciary, or in any other similar capacity at the request, election or direction of the Company, and including, but not limited to, any employee benefit plan of the Company or a Subsidiary or Affiliate of the Company.
(b) Change in Control. For purposes of this Agreement, "Change in Control" means any event or circumstance where (i) any "person" (as such term is used in Sections 13(d) and 14(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "Exchange Act")), other than a Subsidiary or a trustee or other fiduciary holding securities under an employee benefit plan of the Company or Subsidiary, is or becomes the "Beneficial Owner" (as defined in Rule 13d-3 under the Exchange Act), directly or indirectly, of securities of the Company representing 50% or more of the total voting power represented by the Company's then outstanding capital stock, (ii) during any period of two consecutive years (not including any period prior to the execution of this Agreement), individuals who at the beginning of such period constitute the Board and any new director (other than a director designated by a person who has entered into an agreement with the Company to effect a transaction described in Sections 1(b)(i), 1(b)(iii) or 1(b)(iv)) whose election by the Board or nomination for election by the Company's stockholders was approved by a vote of at least two-thirds (2/3) of the directors then still in office who either were directors at the beginning of the period or whose election or nomination for election was previously so approved, cease for any reason to constitute a majority of the Board, (iii) the stockholders of the Company approve a merger or consolidation of the Company with any other corporation, other than a merger or consolidation that would result in the outstanding capital stock of the Company outstanding immediately prior thereto continuing to represent (either by remaining outstanding or by being converted into capital stock of the surviving entity) at least 50% of the total voting power represented by the capital stock of the Company or such surviving entity outstanding immediately after such merger or consolidation, or (iv) the stockholders of the Company approve a plan of liquidation of the Company or an agreement for the sale or disposition by the Company (in one transaction or a series of transactions) of all or substantially all of the Company's assets.
(c) Expenses. For purposes of this Agreement, "Expenses" means all reasonable and reasonably documented direct and indirect costs of any type or nature whatsoever (including, without limitation, all attorneys' fees and related disbursements, and other out-of-pocket costs) actually paid or incurred by Indemnitee in connection with the investigation, defense or appeal of, or being a witness or otherwise involved in (i) a Proceeding (as defined below), or establishing or enforcing a right to indemnification under this Agreement, Section 145 or otherwise; provided, however, that Expenses shall not include any judgments, fines, taxes (including ERISA or other benefit plan related excise taxes or penalties) or amounts paid in settlement of a Proceeding; (ii) any appeal resulting from any Proceeding, including without limitation the premium, security for, and other costs relating to any cost bond, supersedeas bond, or other appeal bond or its equivalent; or (iii) recovery under any directors and officers liability insurance policies or other applicable insurance policies maintained by the Company, regardless of whether Indemnitee is ultimately determined to be entitled to such indemnification, advancement of Expenses or insurance recovery, as the case may be.
(d) Indemnifiable Event. For purposes of this Agreement, "Indemnifiable Event" means any event or occurrence related to Indemnitee's service for the Company or any Subsidiary or Affiliate as an Indemnifiable Person (as defined below), or by reason of anything done or not done, or any act or omission, by Indemnitee in any such capacity.
(e) Indemnifiable Person. For the purposes of this Agreement, "Indemnifiable Person" means any person who is or was a director, officer, trustee, manager, member, partner, employee, attorney, consultant, member of an entity's governing body (whether constituted as a board of directors, board of managers, general partner or otherwise) or other agent or fiduciary of the Company or a Subsidiary or Affiliate of the Company.
(f) Independent Counsel. For purposes of this Agreement, "Independent Counsel" means legal counsel (i) who has not performed services for the Company or Indemnitee in the five years preceding the time in question and who would not, under applicable standards of professional conduct, have a conflict of interest in representing either the Company or Indemnitee, and (ii) is selected by Indemnitee and approved by the Board, which approval may not be unreasonably withheld, delayed or conditioned.
(g) Independent Director. For purposes of this Agreement, "Independent Director" means a member of the Board who is not a party to the Proceeding for which a claim for advancement or indemnification is made under this Agreement.
(h) Other Liabilities. For purposes of this Agreement, "Other Liabilities" means any and all liabilities of any type whatsoever, including, but not limited to, judgments, fines, penalties, taxes (including excise taxes or penalties related to ERISA or other benefit plans), and amounts paid in settlement, and all interest, taxes, assessments and other charges paid or payable in connection with or in respect of any such judgments, fines, or penalties or amounts paid in settlement.
(i) Proceeding. For the purposes of this Agreement, "Proceeding" means any threatened, pending, or completed action, suit, claim or other proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative, investigative, legislative or any other type whatsoever, preliminary, informal or formal, including any arbitration or other alternative dispute resolution and including any appeal of any of the foregoing.
(j) Subsidiary. For purposes of this Agreement, "Subsidiary" means any entity of which more than 50% of the outstanding voting securities is owned directly or indirectly by the Company.
2. Agreement to Serve. The Indemnitee agrees to serve and/or continue to serve as an Indemnifiable Person in the capacity or capacities in which Indemnitee currently serves the Company as an Indemnifiable Person, and any additional capacity or capacities in which Indemnitee may agree to serve, until such time as Indemnitee's service in a particular capacity shall end according to the terms of an agreement, the Company's Restated Certificate of Incorporation (the "Certificate of Incorporation") or Bylaws, governing law, or otherwise. Nothing contained in this Agreement is intended to create any right to continued employment or other form of service for the Company or a Subsidiary or Affiliate of the Company by Indemnitee.
3. Mandatory Indemnification.
(a) Agreement to Indemnify. In the event Indemnitee is a person who was or is a party to or witness in or is threatened to be made a party to or witness in any Proceeding by reason of an Indemnifiable Event, the Company shall indemnify Indemnitee from and against any and all Expenses and Other Liabilities incurred by Indemnitee in connection with (including in preparation for) such Proceeding to the fullest extent permitted by the DGCL, as the same may be amended from time to time (but only to the extent that such amendment permits the Company to provide broader indemnification rights than the DGCL permitted prior to the adoption of such amendment), provided that such indemnification is subject to the exclusions set forth in Section 9 below. The parties hereto intend that this Agreement shall provide to the fullest extent permitted by law for indemnification in excess of that expressly permitted by statute, including, without limitation, any indemnification provided by the Certificate of Incorporation, the Bylaws, vote of the Company's stockholders or disinterested directors or applicable law.
(b) Company Obligations Primary. The Company hereby acknowledges that Indemnitee may have rights to advancement and/or indemnification for Expenses and Other Liabilities provided by a venture capital firm or other sponsoring organization ("Other Indemnitor"). The Company agrees with Indemnitee that the Company is the indemnitor of first resort of Indemnitee with respect to matters for which advancement and/or indemnification is provided under this Agreement and that the Company will be obligated to make all payments due to or for the benefit of Indemnitee under this Agreement without regard to any rights that Indemnitee may have against the Other Indemnitor. To the extent not in contravention of any insurance policy purchased by the Company, Subsidiary or Affiliate, the Company hereby waives any equitable rights to contribution or indemnification from the Other Indemnitor in respect of any amounts paid to Indemnitee hereunder. The Company further agrees that no reimbursement of Other Liabilities or payment of Expenses by the Other Indemnitor to or for the benefit of Indemnitee shall affect the obligations of the Company hereunder, and that the Company shall be obligated to repay the Other Indemnitor for all amounts so paid or reimbursed to the extent that the Company has an obligation to pay Indemnitee for such Expenses or Other Liabilities hereunder.
4. Partial Indemnification. If Indemnitee is entitled under any provision of this Agreement to indemnification by the Company for some or a portion of any Expenses or Other Liabilities but not entitled, however, to indemnification for the total amount of such Expenses or Other Liabilities, the Company shall nevertheless indemnify Indemnitee for such total amount except as to the portion thereof for which indemnification is prohibited by this Agreement or the DGCL. In any review, process and/or Proceeding to determine the extent of indemnification to which Indemnitee is entitled, the Company shall bear the burden to establish, by clear and convincing evidence, the lack of a successful resolution of a particular claim, issue or matter and which amounts sought in indemnity are allocable to claims, issues or matters that were not successfully resolved.
5. Liability Insurance. So long as Indemnitee shall continue to serve the Company or a Subsidiary or Affiliate of the Company as an Indemnifiable Person and thereafter so long as Indemnitee shall be subject to any possible claim or threatened, pending or completed Proceeding as a result of an Indemnifiable Event, the Company shall use reasonable efforts to maintain in full force and effect for the benefit of Indemnitee as an insured (i) directors and officers liability insurance issued by one or more reputable insurers and having the policy amount and deductible deemed appropriate by the Board and providing in all respects coverage at least comparable to and in the same amount as that provided to the Chairman of the Board or the Chief Executive Officer of the Company, and (ii) any renewal, replacement or substitute directors and officers liability insurance policies issued by one or more reputable insurers providing in all respects coverage at least comparable to and in the same amount as that being provided to the Chairman of the Board or the Chief Executive Officer of the Company. The purchase, establishment and maintenance of any such insurance or other arrangements shall not in any way limit or affect the rights and obligations of the Company or of Indemnitee under this Agreement except as expressly provided herein, and the execution and delivery of this Agreement by the Company and Indemnitee shall not in any way limit or affect the rights and obligations of the Company or the other party or parties thereto under any such insurance or other arrangement. In the event of a Change in Control subsequent to the date of this Agreement, or the Company's becoming insolvent (including but not limited to being placed into receivership, an assignment for the benefit of creditors, or entering the federal bankruptcy process), the Company shall use reasonable efforts to maintain in force any and all insurance policies then maintained by the Company for the purpose of providing coverage to the Company's officers or directors (including but not limited to directors and officers liability, fiduciary and employment practices insurance) for a fixed period of no less than six years thereafter. Such coverage shall be non-cancelable and shall be placed and serviced by the Company's incumbent insurance broker or a broker selected by a majority of the non-management members of the Board.
6. Mandatory Advancement of Expenses. If requested by Indemnitee, the Company shall advance, to the fullest extent permitted by law, prior to the final disposition of the Proceeding, all Expenses incurred by Indemnitee in connection with (including in preparation for) a Proceeding not initiated by Indemnitee (and any Proceeding initiated by Indemnitee to the extent such Proceeding is initiated by Indemnitee in accordance with clauses (i)-(iii) of Section 9(a) of this Agreement) related to an Indemnifiable Event within (30) days after the receipt by the Company of a statement or statements from Indemnitee requesting such advance or advances from time to time, whether prior to or after final disposition of such Proceeding. Such statement or statements shall reasonably evidence the Expenses incurred by Indemnitee. The right to advances under this Section shall in all events continue until final disposition of any Proceeding, including any appeal therefrom and/or a final adjudication not subject to further appeal. Indemnitee hereby undertakes to repay such amounts advanced if, and only if and to the extent that, it shall ultimately be determined that Indemnitee is not entitled to be indemnified by the Company and no additional form of undertaking with respect to such obligation to repay shall be required. Indemnitee's undertaking to repay any Expenses advanced to Indemnitee hereunder shall be unsecured and shall not be subject to the accrual or payment of any interest thereon. This Section 6 shall not apply to any request for advancement of Expenses made by Indemnitee for which such advancement of Expenses is excluded pursuant to Section 9 of this Agreement.
7. Notice and Other Indemnification Procedures.
(a) Notification. Promptly after receipt by Indemnitee of notice of the commencement of or the threat of commencement of any Proceeding, unless the Company is a named co-defendant with Indemnitee (or the Company is the recipient of such threat), Indemnitee shall, if Indemnitee believes the advancement of Expenses or the indemnification of Other Liabilities with respect thereto may be sought from the Company under this Agreement, notify the Company in writing of the commencement or threat of commencement thereof. The written notification to the Company shall include, in reasonable detail, a description of the nature of and facts related to the Proceeding. However, a failure by Indemnitee to notify the Company promptly following Indemnitee's receipt of such notice shall not relieve the Company from any liability that it may have to Indemnitee except to the extent that the Company is materially prejudiced in its defense of such Proceeding as a result of such failure, provided, however, that the Company shall have the burden to prove the existence of such material prejudice by clear and convincing evidence.
(b) Insurance Notice and Other Matters. If, at the time of the receipt of a notice of the commencement of a Proceeding pursuant to Section 7(a) above, the Company has director and officer liability insurance and/or any other type of insurance that might provide coverage to Indemnitee in effect, the Company shall give prompt notice of the commencement of such Proceeding on behalf of Indemnitee to the insurers in accordance with the procedures set forth in the respective policies. The Company shall thereafter take all commercially reasonable action to cause such insurers to pay, on behalf of Indemnitee, all amounts payable as a result of such Proceeding in accordance with the terms of such insurance policies. In addition, the Company will instruct the insurers and the Company's insurance broker that they may communicate directly with Indemnitee regarding such Proceeding.
(c) Assumption of Defense. In the event the Company shall be obligated to advance Expenses for any Proceeding against Indemnitee, the Company, if deemed appropriate by the Company, shall be entitled to assume the defense of such Proceeding as provided herein. Such defense by the Company may include the representation of two or more parties by one attorney or law firm as permitted under the ethical rules and legal requirements related to joint representations. Following delivery of written notice to Indemnitee of the Company's election to assume the defense of such Proceeding, the approval by Indemnitee (which approval shall not be unreasonably withheld, delayed or conditioned) of counsel designated by the Company, and the retention of such counsel by the Company, the Company will not be liable to Indemnitee under this Agreement for any fees and expenses of counsel subsequently incurred by Indemnitee with respect to the same Proceeding. If (i) the employment of separate counsel by Indemnitee has been previously authorized by the Company, (ii) Indemnitee shall have notified the Board in writing that Indemnitee or separate counsel for Indemnitee has reasonably concluded that there may be a conflict of interest between the Company and Indemnitee in the conduct of any such defense, (iii) the Company fails to employ counsel to assume the defense of such Proceeding, or (iv) after a Change in Control, the employment of counsel by Indemnitee has been approved by Independent Counsel, the Expenses related to work conducted by Indemnitee's counsel shall be subject to indemnification and/or advancement pursuant to the terms of this Agreement. Indemnitee agrees that any such separate counsel retained by Indemnitee will be a member of any approved list of panel counsel under the Company's applicable insurance policies, should the applicable policies provide for a panel of approved counsel. Nothing herein shall prevent Indemnitee from employing counsel for any Proceeding at Indemnitee's own expense.
(d) Settlement. The Company shall not be liable to indemnify Indemnitee under this Agreement or otherwise for any amounts paid in settlement of any Proceeding effected without the Company's written consent; provided, however, that if a Change in Control has occurred subsequent to the date of this Agreement, the Company shall be liable for indemnification of Indemnitee for amounts paid in settlement if Independent Counsel has approved the settlement. Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary or Affiliate shall enter into a settlement of any Proceeding that might result in the imposition of any Expense, Other Liability, penalty, limitation or detriment on Indemnitee, whether indemnifiable under this Agreement or otherwise, without Indemnitee's written consent. Neither the Company nor Indemnitee shall unreasonably withhold, delay or condition consent from any settlement of any Proceeding. The Company shall promptly notify Indemnitee upon the Company's receipt of an offer to settle, or if the Company makes an offer to settle, any Proceeding, and provide Indemnitee with a reasonable amount of time to consider such settlement, in the case of any such settlement for which the consent of Indemnitee would be required hereunder. The Company shall not settle any part of any Proceeding to which Indemnitee is a party with respect to other parties (including the Company) without the written consent of Indemnitee if any portion of the settlement is to be funded from insurance proceeds paid from an insurance policy or policies providing coverage to Indemnitee unless approved by a majority of the Independent Directors, provided that this sentence shall cease to be of any force and effect if it has been determined in accordance with this Agreement that Indemnitee is not entitled to indemnification hereunder with respect to such Proceeding or if the Company's obligations hereunder to Indemnitee with respect to such Proceeding have been fully discharged.
8. Determination of Right to Indemnification.
(a) Success on the Merits or Otherwise. To the extent that Indemnitee has been successful on the merits or otherwise in the defense of any Proceeding referred to in Section 3(a) above or in the defense of any claim, issue or matter described therein, the Company shall indemnify Indemnitee against Expenses incurred in connection therewith.
(b) Indemnification in Other Situations. In the event that Section 8(a) is inapplicable, the Company shall also indemnify Indemnitee if Indemnitee has met the applicable standard of conduct for indemnification to the fullest extent permitted by law.
(c) Determination of Entitlement to Indemnification. Indemnitee shall be entitled to select the manner in which the determination of whether or not Indemnitee has met the applicable standard of conduct shall be decided, and such election will be made from among the following:
i. A majority of the Independent Directors even though less than a quorum;
ii. A committee of Independent Directors designated by a majority vote of Independent Directors, even though less than a quorum; or
iii. Independent Counsel, who shall make such determination in a written opinion.
If Indemnitee is an officer or a director of the Company at the time that Indemnitee is selecting the manner in which the determination of whether Indemnitee has met the applicable standard of conduct shall be decided, then Indemnitee shall not select Independent Counsel as the manner for the determination to be made unless (i) there are no Independent Directors, or (ii) a majority of the Independent Directors (even though less than a quorum) approve of the selection of Independent Counsel, which approval may not be unreasonably withheld, delayed or conditioned.
The party or parties selected in accordance with this Section 8(c) shall be referred to herein as the "Reviewing Party." Notwithstanding the foregoing, following any Change in Control subsequent to the date of this Agreement, the Reviewing Party shall be Independent Counsel.
(d) Decision Timing. As soon as practicable, and in no event later than thirty (30) days after receipt by the Company of written notice of Indemnitee's choice of the Reviewing Party pursuant to Section 8(c) above, the Company and Indemnitee shall each submit to the Reviewing Party such information as they believe is appropriate for the Reviewing Party to consider. The Reviewing Party shall arrive at its decision within a reasonable period of time following the receipt of all such information from the Company and Indemnitee, but in no event later than thirty (30) days following the receipt of all such information, provided that the time by which the Reviewing Party must reach a decision may be extended by mutual agreement of the Company and Indemnitee. All Expenses associated with the process set forth in this Section 8(d), including but not limited to the Expenses of the Reviewing Party, shall be paid by the Company.
(e) Delaware Court of Chancery. Notwithstanding a final determination by any Reviewing Party that Indemnitee is not entitled to indemnification with respect to a specific Proceeding, Indemnitee shall have the right to apply to the Delaware Court of Chancery, for the purpose of enforcing Indemnitee's right to indemnification pursuant to this Agreement.
(f) Expenses. The Company shall indemnify Indemnitee against all Expenses incurred by Indemnitee in connection with any process, hearing or Proceeding under this Section 8 involving Indemnitee and against all Expenses incurred by Indemnitee in connection with any other Proceeding between the Company and Indemnitee involving the interpretation or enforcement of the rights of Indemnitee under this Agreement unless a court of competent jurisdiction finds that each of the material claims of Indemnitee in any such Proceeding was frivolous or made in bad faith.
(g) Determination of "Good Faith". For purposes of any determination of whether Indemnitee acted in "good faith" or acted in "bad faith," Indemnitee shall be deemed to have acted in good faith or not acted in bad faith if, in taking or failing to take the action in question, Indemnitee relied on the records or books of account of the Company or a Subsidiary or Affiliate, including financial statements, or on information, opinions, reports or statements provided to Indemnitee by the officers or other employees of the Company or a Subsidiary or Affiliate in the course of their duties, or on the advice of legal counsel for the Company or a Subsidiary or Affiliate, or on information or records given or reports made to the Company or a Subsidiary or Affiliate by an independent certified public accountant or by an appraiser or other expert selected by the Company or a Subsidiary or Affiliate, or by any other person (including legal counsel, accountants and financial advisors) as to matters Indemnitee reasonably believes are within such other person's professional or expert competence and who has or have been selected with reasonable care by or on behalf of the Company or a Subsidiary or Affiliate. In connection with any determination as to whether Indemnitee is entitled to be indemnified hereunder, the Reviewing Party or court shall presume that Indemnitee has satisfied the applicable standard of conduct and is entitled to indemnification, and the burden of proof shall be on the Company to establish, by clear and convincing evidence, that Indemnitee is not so entitled. The provisions of this Section 8(g) shall not be deemed to be exclusive or to limit in any way the other circumstances in which Indemnitee may be deemed to have met the applicable standard of conduct set forth in this Agreement. In addition, the knowledge and/or actions, or failures to act, of any other person serving the Company or a Subsidiary or Affiliate as an Indemnifiable Person shall not be imputed to Indemnitee for purposes of determining the right to indemnification hereunder.
9. Exceptions. Any other provision herein to the contrary notwithstanding, Indemnitee's rights to indemnification and/or advancement are subject to the following exceptions.
(a) Claims Initiated by Indemnitee. The Company shall not be obligated pursuant to the terms of this Agreement to indemnify or advance Expenses to Indemnitee with respect to Proceedings or claims initiated or brought voluntarily by Indemnitee and not by way of defense, except (i) with respect to Proceedings brought to establish or enforce a right to indemnification under this Agreement, any other statute or law, as permitted under Section 145, or otherwise, (ii) where the Board has consented to the initiation of such Proceeding, or (iii) with respect to Proceedings brought to discharge Indemnitee's fiduciary responsibilities, whether under ERISA or otherwise, but such indemnification or advancement of Expenses may be provided by the Company in specific cases if the Board finds it to be appropriate.
(b) Actions Based on Federal Statutes Regarding Profit Recovery and Return of Bonus Payments. The Company shall not be obligated pursuant to the terms of this Agreement to indemnify Indemnitee on account of (i) any suit in which judgment is rendered against Indemnitee by a court of competent jurisdiction in a final adjudication not subject to further appeal for an accounting of profits made from the purchase or sale by Indemnitee of securities of the Company pursuant to the provisions of Section 16(b) of the Exchange Act and amendments thereto or similar provisions of any federal, state or local statutory law, (ii) any reimbursement paid to the Company by the Indemnitee of any bonus or other incentive-based or equity-based compensation or of any profits realized by the Indemnitee from the sale of securities of the Company, as required in each case under the Exchange Act, including but not limited to any such reimbursements that arise from an accounting restatement of the Company pursuant to Section 304 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (the "Sarbanes-Oxley Act"), or the payment to the Company of profits arising from the purchase and sale by Indemnitee of securities in violation of Section 306 of the Sarbanes- Oxley Act; or (iii) any reimbursement of the Company by Indemnitee of any compensation pursuant to any compensation recoupment or clawback policy adopted by the Board or the compensation committee of the Board, including but not limited to any such policy adopted to comply with stock exchange listing requirements implementing Section 10D of the Exchange Act.
(c) Unlawful Indemnification. The Company shall not be obligated pursuant to the terms of this Agreement to indemnify Indemnitee for Other Liabilities if such indemnification is prohibited by law as determined by a court of competent jurisdiction in a final adjudication not subject to further appeal.
(d) Exception for Amounts Covered by Insurance and Other Sources. The Company shall not be obligated to advance or indemnify Indemnitee for Expenses or Other Liabilities of any type whatsoever, including, but not limited to judgments, fines, penalties, taxes (including excise taxes or penalties related to ERISA or other benefit plans) and amounts paid in settlement, to the extent such have been paid directly to Indemnitee (or paid directly to a third party on Indemnitee's behalf) by any directors and officers liability insurance or other type of insurance maintained by the Company; provided, however, that payment made to Indemnitee pursuant to an insurance policy purchased and maintained by Indemnitee at his or her own expense of any amounts otherwise indemnifiable or obligated to be made pursuant to this Agreement shall not reduce the Company's obligations to Indemnitee pursuant to this Agreement.
10. Non-exclusivity. The provisions for advancement of Expenses and indemnification of Other Liabilities set forth in this Agreement shall not be deemed exclusive of any other rights that Indemnitee may have under any provision of law, the Certificate of Incorporation or the Bylaws, the vote of the Company's stockholders or disinterested directors, other agreements, or otherwise, both as to acts or omissions in his or her official capacity and to acts or omissions in another capacity while serving the Company or a Subsidiary or Affiliate as an Indemnifiable Person.
11. Severability. If any provision or provisions of this Agreement shall be held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable for any reason whatsoever, (i) the validity, legality and enforceability of the remaining provisions of the Agreement (including, without limitation, all portions of any paragraphs of this Agreement containing any such provision held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable, that are not themselves invalid, illegal or unenforceable) shall not in any way be affected or impaired thereby, and (ii) to the fullest extent possible, the provisions of this Agreement (including, without limitation, all portions of any paragraphs of this Agreement containing any such provision held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable, that are not themselves invalid, illegal or unenforceable) shall be construed so as to give effect to the intent manifested by the provision held invalid, illegal or unenforceable.
12. Entire Agreement; Supersession, Modification and Waiver. This Agreement constitutes the entire agreement between the parties hereto with respect to the subject matter hereof and supersedes any prior indemnification agreement between the Indemnitee and the Company, its Subsidiaries or its Affiliates, provided, however, that this Agreement is a supplement to and in furtherance of Section 145, the Certificate of Incorporation, the Bylaws, any directors and officers liability insurance or other insurance policy providing coverage to Indemnitee maintained by the Company and applicable law, and shall not be deemed a substitute therefor, nor to diminish or abrogate any rights of Indemnitee thereunder. If the Company and Indemnitee have previously entered into an indemnification agreement providing for the indemnification of Indemnitee by the Company, the entry into this Agreement by both parties hereto shall be deemed to amend and restate such prior agreement to read in its entirety as, and be superseded by, this Agreement. No supplement, modification or amendment of this Agreement shall be binding unless executed in writing by the parties hereto. No waiver of any of the provisions of this Agreement shall be deemed or shall constitute a waiver of any other provision hereof (whether or not similar) and except as expressly provided herein, no such waiver shall constitute a continuing waiver.
13. Successors and Assigns; Survival of Rights. The terms of this Agreement shall bind, and shall inure to the benefit of, and be enforceable by the parties hereto and, as applicable, their respective successors (including any direct or indirect successor by purchase, merger, consolidation or otherwise to all or substantially all of the business and/or assets of the Company), assigns, spouses, heirs, executors, administrators and personal and legal representatives (collectively, "Successors"). Indemnitee's rights hereunder shall continue after Indemnitee has ceased serving the Company or a Subsidiary or Affiliate as an Indemnifiable Person and shall inure to the benefit of Indemnitee's Successors. In addition, the Company shall require and cause any successor (whether direct or indirect by purchase, merger, consolidation or otherwise) to all, substantially all, or a substantial part, of the business and/or assets of the Company, by written agreement in form and substance satisfactory to Indemnitee, expressly to assume and agree to perform this Agreement and indemnify Indemnitee to the fullest extent permitted by law.
14. Notice. All notices, requests, demands and other communications under this Agreement shall be in writing and shall be deemed duly given (i) if delivered by hand and a receipt is provided by the party to whom such communication is delivered, (ii) if mailed by certified or registered mail with postage prepaid, return receipt requested, on the signing by the recipient of an acknowledgement of receipt form accompanying delivery through the U.S. mail, (iii) by personal service by a process server, (iv) by delivery to the recipient's address by overnight delivery (e.g., FedEx, UPS or DHL) or other commercial delivery service, or (v) if via electronic mail, upon confirmation of delivery when directed to the relevant electronic mail address, if sent during normal business hours of the recipient, or if not sent during normal business hours of the recipient, then on the recipient's next business day. The address for notice to the Indemnitee shall be the Indemnitee's most recent address on file with the Company. Delivery of communications to the Company with respect to this Agreement shall be sent to the attention of the Company's Chief Executive Officer or Chief Financial Officer.
15. No Presumptions. For purposes of this Agreement, the termination of any Proceeding, by judgment, order, settlement (whether with or without court approval) or conviction, or upon a plea of nolo contendere or its equivalent, shall not, of itself, create a presumption that Indemnitee did not meet any particular standard of conduct or have any particular belief or that a court has determined that indemnification is not permitted by applicable law or otherwise. In addition, neither the failure of the Company or a Reviewing Party to have made a determination as to whether Indemnitee has met any particular standard of conduct or had any particular belief, nor an actual determination by the Company or a Reviewing Party that Indemnitee has not met such standard of conduct or did not have such belief, prior to the commencement of Proceedings by Indemnitee to secure a judicial determination by exercising Indemnitee's rights under Section 8(e) of this Agreement shall be a defense to Indemnitee's claim or create a presumption that Indemnitee has failed to meet any particular standard of conduct or did not have any particular belief or is not entitled to indemnification under applicable law or otherwise. Additionally, any admission of liability by the Company in connection with any settlement by the Company with a regulatory agency shall not, of itself, create a presumption that Indemnitee did not meet any particular standard of conduct or have any particular belief or that a court has determined that indemnification is not permitted by applicable law or otherwise.
16. Subrogation and Contribution.
(a) Except as otherwise expressly provided in this Agreement, in the event of payment under this Agreement, the Company shall be subrogated to the extent of such payment to all of the rights of recovery of Indemnitee, who shall execute all documents required and shall do all acts that may be necessary to secure such rights and to enable the Company effectively to bring suit to enforce such rights.
(b) To the fullest extent permissible under applicable law, if the indemnification provided for in this Agreement is unavailable to Indemnitee for any reason whatsoever, the Company, in lieu of indemnifying Indemnitee, shall contribute to the amount incurred by or on behalf of Indemnitee, whether for Expenses or Other Liabilities, in connection with any Proceeding relating to an Indemnifiable Event under this Agreement, in such proportion as is deemed fair and reasonable in light of all of the circumstances of such Proceeding in order to reflect (i) the relative benefits received by the Company and Indemnitee as a result of the event(s) and/or transaction(s) giving cause to such Proceeding; and/or (ii) the relative fault of the Company (and its directors, officers, employees and agents) and Indemnitee in connection with such event(s) and/or transaction(s).
17. Specific Performance, Etc. The parties recognize that if any provision of this Agreement is violated by the Company, Indemnitee may be without an adequate remedy at law. Accordingly, in the event of any such violation, Indemnitee shall be entitled, if Indemnitee so elects, to institute Proceedings, either in law or at equity, to obtain damages, to enforce specific performance, to enjoin such violation, or to obtain any relief or any combination of the foregoing as Indemnitee may elect to pursue.
18. Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in counterparts, each of which shall for all purposes be deemed to be an original but all of which together shall constitute one and the same agreement. Only one such counterpart signed by the party against whom enforceability is sought needs to be produced to evidence the existence of this Agreement. Execution of a PDF copy shall have the same force and effect as execution of an original, and a copy of a signature will be admissible in any legal proceeding as if an original.
19. Headings. The headings of the sections and paragraphs of this Agreement are inserted for convenience only and shall not be deemed to constitute part of this Agreement or to affect the construction or interpretation thereof.
20. Governing Law. This Agreement shall be governed exclusively by and construed according to the laws of the State of Delaware, as applied to contracts between Delaware residents entered into and to be performed entirely with Delaware.
21. Consent to Jurisdiction. The Company and Indemnitee each hereby irrevocably consent to the jurisdiction of the courts of the State of Delaware for all purposes in connection with any Proceeding which arises out of or relates to this Agreement.
[Signature Page Follows]
The parties hereto have entered into this Agreement effective as of the date first above written.
STARFIGHTERS SPACE, INC.
By: /s/ David Whitney
Name: David Whitney
Title: Chief Financial Officer
INDEMNITEE:
/s/ Brian Goldmeier
Brian Goldmeier
INDEMNITY AGREEMENT
This Indemnity Agreement, dated as of August 12, 2025 is made by and between STARFIGHTERS SPACE, INC., a Delaware corporation (the "Company"), and Geoff Hickman, a director, officer or key employee of the Company or one of the Company's Subsidiaries or Affiliates (as those terms are defined below) or other service provider who satisfies the definition of Indemnifiable Person set forth below ("Indemnitee").
RECITALS
A. The Company is aware that competent and experienced persons are increasingly reluctant to serve as representatives of corporations unless they are protected by comprehensive liability insurance and indemnification, due to increased exposure to litigation costs and risks resulting from their service to such corporations, and due to the fact that the exposure frequently bears no relationship to the compensation of such representatives;
B. The members of the Board of Directors of the Company (the "Board") have concluded that to retain and attract talented and experienced individuals to serve as representatives of the Company and its Subsidiaries and Affiliates and to encourage such individuals to take the business risks necessary for the success of the Company and its Subsidiaries and Affiliates, it is necessary for the Company to contractually indemnify certain of its representatives and the representatives of its Subsidiaries and Affiliates, and to assume for itself maximum liability for Expenses and Other Liabilities (as those terms are defined below) in connection with claims against such representatives in connection with their service to the Company and its Subsidiaries and Affiliates;
C. Section 145 of the Delaware General Corporation Law ("Section 145"), empowers the Company to indemnify by agreement its officers, directors, employees and agents, and persons who serve, at the request of the Company, as directors, officers, employees or agents of other corporations, partnerships, joint ventures, trusts or other enterprises. The Restated Bylaws of the Company (the "Bylaws") require indemnification of the directors and officers of the Company subject to specific terms and conditions. Indemnitee may also be entitled to indemnification pursuant to Section 145. The Bylaws and Section 145 expressly provide that the indemnification pursuant thereto is not exclusive and contemplate that contracts may be entered into between the Company and members of the Board, officers, and other persons with respect to indemnification;
D. This Agreement is a supplement to and in furtherance of the Bylaws and any resolutions adopted pursuant thereto, as well as any rights of Indemnitees under the Delaware General Corporation Law (the "DGCL") or any directors and officers liability insurance policy or other applicable insurance policies, and this Agreement shall not be deemed a substitute therefor, nor to diminish or abrogate any rights of Indemnitee thereunder; and
E. The Company desires and has requested Indemnitee to serve or continue to serve as a representative of the Company and/or the Subsidiaries or Affiliates of the Company free from undue concern about inappropriate claims for damages arising out of or related to such services to the Company and/or the Subsidiaries or Affiliates of the Company.
AGREEMENT
NOW, THEREFORE, the parties hereto, intending to be legally bound, hereby agree as follows:
1. Definitions.
(a) Affiliate. For purposes of this Agreement, "Affiliate" of the Company means any corporation, partnership, limited liability company, joint venture, trust or other enterprise or non- profit entity in respect of which Indemnitee is or was or will be serving as a director, officer, trustee, manager, member, partner, employee, agent, attorney, consultant, member of the entity's governing body (whether constituted as a board of directors, board of managers, general partner or otherwise), fiduciary, or in any other similar capacity at the request, election or direction of the Company, and including, but not limited to, any employee benefit plan of the Company or a Subsidiary or Affiliate of the Company.
(b) Change in Control. For purposes of this Agreement, "Change in Control" means any event or circumstance where (i) any "person" (as such term is used in Sections 13(d) and 14(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "Exchange Act")), other than a Subsidiary or a trustee or other fiduciary holding securities under an employee benefit plan of the Company or Subsidiary, is or becomes the "Beneficial Owner" (as defined in Rule 13d-3 under the Exchange Act), directly or indirectly, of securities of the Company representing 50% or more of the total voting power represented by the Company's then outstanding capital stock, (ii) during any period of two consecutive years (not including any period prior to the execution of this Agreement), individuals who at the beginning of such period constitute the Board and any new director (other than a director designated by a person who has entered into an agreement with the Company to effect a transaction described in Sections 1(b)(i), 1(b)(iii) or 1(b)(iv)) whose election by the Board or nomination for election by the Company's stockholders was approved by a vote of at least two-thirds (2/3) of the directors then still in office who either were directors at the beginning of the period or whose election or nomination for election was previously so approved, cease for any reason to constitute a majority of the Board, (iii) the stockholders of the Company approve a merger or consolidation of the Company with any other corporation, other than a merger or consolidation that would result in the outstanding capital stock of the Company outstanding immediately prior thereto continuing to represent (either by remaining outstanding or by being converted into capital stock of the surviving entity) at least 50% of the total voting power represented by the capital stock of the Company or such surviving entity outstanding immediately after such merger or consolidation, or (iv) the stockholders of the Company approve a plan of liquidation of the Company or an agreement for the sale or disposition by the Company (in one transaction or a series of transactions) of all or substantially all of the Company's assets.
(c) Expenses. For purposes of this Agreement, "Expenses" means all reasonable and reasonably documented direct and indirect costs of any type or nature whatsoever (including, without limitation, all attorneys' fees and related disbursements, and other out-of-pocket costs) actually paid or incurred by Indemnitee in connection with the investigation, defense or appeal of, or being a witness or otherwise involved in (i) a Proceeding (as defined below), or establishing or enforcing a right to indemnification under this Agreement, Section 145 or otherwise; provided, however, that Expenses shall not include any judgments, fines, taxes (including ERISA or other benefit plan related excise taxes or penalties) or amounts paid in settlement of a Proceeding; (ii) any appeal resulting from any Proceeding, including without limitation the premium, security for, and other costs relating to any cost bond, supersedeas bond, or other appeal bond or its equivalent; or (iii) recovery under any directors and officers liability insurance policies or other applicable insurance policies maintained by the Company, regardless of whether Indemnitee is ultimately determined to be entitled to such indemnification, advancement of Expenses or insurance recovery, as the case may be.
(d) Indemnifiable Event. For purposes of this Agreement, "Indemnifiable Event" means any event or occurrence related to Indemnitee's service for the Company or any Subsidiary or Affiliate as an Indemnifiable Person (as defined below), or by reason of anything done or not done, or any act or omission, by Indemnitee in any such capacity.
(e) Indemnifiable Person. For the purposes of this Agreement, "Indemnifiable Person" means any person who is or was a director, officer, trustee, manager, member, partner, employee, attorney, consultant, member of an entity's governing body (whether constituted as a board of directors, board of managers, general partner or otherwise) or other agent or fiduciary of the Company or a Subsidiary or Affiliate of the Company.
(f) Independent Counsel. For purposes of this Agreement, "Independent Counsel" means legal counsel (i) who has not performed services for the Company or Indemnitee in the five years preceding the time in question and who would not, under applicable standards of professional conduct, have a conflict of interest in representing either the Company or Indemnitee, and (ii) is selected by Indemnitee and approved by the Board, which approval may not be unreasonably withheld, delayed or conditioned.
(g) Independent Director. For purposes of this Agreement, "Independent Director" means a member of the Board who is not a party to the Proceeding for which a claim for advancement or indemnification is made under this Agreement.
(h) Other Liabilities. For purposes of this Agreement, "Other Liabilities" means any and all liabilities of any type whatsoever, including, but not limited to, judgments, fines, penalties, taxes (including excise taxes or penalties related to ERISA or other benefit plans), and amounts paid in settlement, and all interest, taxes, assessments and other charges paid or payable in connection with or in respect of any such judgments, fines, or penalties or amounts paid in settlement.
(i) Proceeding. For the purposes of this Agreement, "Proceeding" means any threatened, pending, or completed action, suit, claim or other proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative, investigative, legislative or any other type whatsoever, preliminary, informal or formal, including any arbitration or other alternative dispute resolution and including any appeal of any of the foregoing.
(j) Subsidiary. For purposes of this Agreement, "Subsidiary" means any entity of which more than 50% of the outstanding voting securities is owned directly or indirectly by the Company.
2. Agreement to Serve. The Indemnitee agrees to serve and/or continue to serve as an Indemnifiable Person in the capacity or capacities in which Indemnitee currently serves the Company as an Indemnifiable Person, and any additional capacity or capacities in which Indemnitee may agree to serve, until such time as Indemnitee's service in a particular capacity shall end according to the terms of an agreement, the Company's Restated Certificate of Incorporation (the "Certificate of Incorporation") or Bylaws, governing law, or otherwise. Nothing contained in this Agreement is intended to create any right to continued employment or other form of service for the Company or a Subsidiary or Affiliate of the Company by Indemnitee.
3. Mandatory Indemnification.
(a) Agreement to Indemnify. In the event Indemnitee is a person who was or is a party to or witness in or is threatened to be made a party to or witness in any Proceeding by reason of an Indemnifiable Event, the Company shall indemnify Indemnitee from and against any and all Expenses and Other Liabilities incurred by Indemnitee in connection with (including in preparation for) such Proceeding to the fullest extent permitted by the DGCL, as the same may be amended from time to time (but only to the extent that such amendment permits the Company to provide broader indemnification rights than the DGCL permitted prior to the adoption of such amendment), provided that such indemnification is subject to the exclusions set forth in Section 9 below. The parties hereto intend that this Agreement shall provide to the fullest extent permitted by law for indemnification in excess of that expressly permitted by statute, including, without limitation, any indemnification provided by the Certificate of Incorporation, the Bylaws, vote of the Company's stockholders or disinterested directors or applicable law.
(b) Company Obligations Primary. The Company hereby acknowledges that Indemnitee may have rights to advancement and/or indemnification for Expenses and Other Liabilities provided by a venture capital firm or other sponsoring organization ("Other Indemnitor"). The Company agrees with Indemnitee that the Company is the indemnitor of first resort of Indemnitee with respect to matters for which advancement and/or indemnification is provided under this Agreement and that the Company will be obligated to make all payments due to or for the benefit of Indemnitee under this Agreement without regard to any rights that Indemnitee may have against the Other Indemnitor. To the extent not in contravention of any insurance policy purchased by the Company, Subsidiary or Affiliate, the Company hereby waives any equitable rights to contribution or indemnification from the Other Indemnitor in respect of any amounts paid to Indemnitee hereunder. The Company further agrees that no reimbursement of Other Liabilities or payment of Expenses by the Other Indemnitor to or for the benefit of Indemnitee shall affect the obligations of the Company hereunder, and that the Company shall be obligated to repay the Other Indemnitor for all amounts so paid or reimbursed to the extent that the Company has an obligation to pay Indemnitee for such Expenses or Other Liabilities hereunder.
4. Partial Indemnification. If Indemnitee is entitled under any provision of this Agreement to indemnification by the Company for some or a portion of any Expenses or Other Liabilities but not entitled, however, to indemnification for the total amount of such Expenses or Other Liabilities, the Company shall nevertheless indemnify Indemnitee for such total amount except as to the portion thereof for which indemnification is prohibited by this Agreement or the DGCL. In any review, process and/or Proceeding to determine the extent of indemnification to which Indemnitee is entitled, the Company shall bear the burden to establish, by clear and convincing evidence, the lack of a successful resolution of a particular claim, issue or matter and which amounts sought in indemnity are allocable to claims, issues or matters that were not successfully resolved.
5. Liability Insurance. So long as Indemnitee shall continue to serve the Company or a Subsidiary or Affiliate of the Company as an Indemnifiable Person and thereafter so long as Indemnitee shall be subject to any possible claim or threatened, pending or completed Proceeding as a result of an Indemnifiable Event, the Company shall use reasonable efforts to maintain in full force and effect for the benefit of Indemnitee as an insured (i) directors and officers liability insurance issued by one or more reputable insurers and having the policy amount and deductible deemed appropriate by the Board and providing in all respects coverage at least comparable to and in the same amount as that provided to the Chairman of the Board or the Chief Executive Officer of the Company, and (ii) any renewal, replacement or substitute directors and officers liability insurance policies issued by one or more reputable insurers providing in all respects coverage at least comparable to and in the same amount as that being provided to the Chairman of the Board or the Chief Executive Officer of the Company. The purchase, establishment and maintenance of any such insurance or other arrangements shall not in any way limit or affect the rights and obligations of the Company or of Indemnitee under this Agreement except as expressly provided herein, and the execution and delivery of this Agreement by the Company and Indemnitee shall not in any way limit or affect the rights and obligations of the Company or the other party or parties thereto under any such insurance or other arrangement. In the event of a Change in Control subsequent to the date of this Agreement, or the Company's becoming insolvent (including but not limited to being placed into receivership, an assignment for the benefit of creditors, or entering the federal bankruptcy process), the Company shall use reasonable efforts to maintain in force any and all insurance policies then maintained by the Company for the purpose of providing coverage to the Company's officers or directors (including but not limited to directors and officers liability, fiduciary and employment practices insurance) for a fixed period of no less than six years thereafter. Such coverage shall be non-cancelable and shall be placed and serviced by the Company's incumbent insurance broker or a broker selected by a majority of the non-management members of the Board.
6. Mandatory Advancement of Expenses. If requested by Indemnitee, the Company shall advance, to the fullest extent permitted by law, prior to the final disposition of the Proceeding, all Expenses incurred by Indemnitee in connection with (including in preparation for) a Proceeding not initiated by Indemnitee (and any Proceeding initiated by Indemnitee to the extent such Proceeding is initiated by Indemnitee in accordance with clauses (i)-(iii) of Section 9(a) of this Agreement) related to an Indemnifiable Event within
(30) days after the receipt by the Company of a statement or statements from Indemnitee requesting such advance or advances from time to time, whether prior to or after final disposition of such Proceeding. Such statement or statements shall reasonably evidence the Expenses incurred by Indemnitee. The right to advances under this Section shall in all events continue until final disposition of any Proceeding, including any appeal therefrom and/or a final adjudication not subject to further appeal. Indemnitee hereby undertakes to repay such amounts advanced if, and only if and to the extent that, it shall ultimately be determined that Indemnitee is not entitled to be indemnified by the Company and no additional form of undertaking with respect to such obligation to repay shall be required. Indemnitee's undertaking to repay any Expenses advanced to Indemnitee hereunder shall be unsecured and shall not be subject to the accrual or payment of any interest thereon. This Section 6 shall not apply to any request for advancement of Expenses made by Indemnitee for which such advancement of Expenses is excluded pursuant to Section 9 of this Agreement.
7. Notice and Other Indemnification Procedures.
(a) Notification. Promptly after receipt by Indemnitee of notice of the commencement of or the threat of commencement of any Proceeding, unless the Company is a named co-defendant with Indemnitee (or the Company is the recipient of such threat), Indemnitee shall, if Indemnitee believes the advancement of Expenses or the indemnification of Other Liabilities with respect thereto may be sought from the Company under this Agreement, notify the Company in writing of the commencement or threat of commencement thereof. The written notification to the Company shall include, in reasonable detail, a description of the nature of and facts related to the Proceeding. However, a failure by Indemnitee to notify the Company promptly following Indemnitee's receipt of such notice shall not relieve the Company from any liability that it may have to Indemnitee except to the extent that the Company is materially prejudiced in its defense of such Proceeding as a result of such failure, provided, however, that the Company shall have the burden to prove the existence of such material prejudice by clear and convincing evidence.
(b) Insurance Notice and Other Matters. If, at the time of the receipt of a notice of the commencement of a Proceeding pursuant to Section 7(a) above, the Company has director and officer liability insurance and/or any other type of insurance that might provide coverage to Indemnitee in effect, the Company shall give prompt notice of the commencement of such Proceeding on behalf of Indemnitee to the insurers in accordance with the procedures set forth in the respective policies. The Company shall thereafter take all commercially reasonable action to cause such insurers to pay, on behalf of Indemnitee, all amounts payable as a result of such Proceeding in accordance with the terms of such insurance policies. In addition, the Company will instruct the insurers and the Company's insurance broker that they may communicate directly with Indemnitee regarding such Proceeding.
(c) Assumption of Defense. In the event the Company shall be obligated to advance Expenses for any Proceeding against Indemnitee, the Company, if deemed appropriate by the Company, shall be entitled to assume the defense of such Proceeding as provided herein. Such defense by the Company may include the representation of two or more parties by one attorney or law firm as permitted under the ethical rules and legal requirements related to joint representations. Following delivery of written notice to Indemnitee of the Company's election to assume the defense of such Proceeding, the approval by Indemnitee (which approval shall not be unreasonably withheld, delayed or conditioned) of counsel designated by the Company, and the retention of such counsel by the Company, the Company will not be liable to Indemnitee under this Agreement for any fees and expenses of counsel subsequently incurred by Indemnitee with respect to the same Proceeding. If (i) the employment of separate counsel by Indemnitee has been previously authorized by the Company, (ii) Indemnitee shall have notified the Board in writing that Indemnitee or separate counsel for Indemnitee has reasonably concluded that there may be a conflict of interest between the Company and Indemnitee in the conduct of any such defense, (iii) the Company fails to employ counsel to assume the defense of such Proceeding, or (iv) after a Change in Control, the employment of counsel by Indemnitee has been approved by Independent Counsel, the Expenses related to work conducted by Indemnitee's counsel shall be subject to indemnification and/or advancement pursuant to the terms of this Agreement. Indemnitee agrees that any such separate counsel retained by Indemnitee will be a member of any approved list of panel counsel under the Company's applicable insurance policies, should the applicable policies provide for a panel of approved counsel. Nothing herein shall prevent Indemnitee from employing counsel for any Proceeding at Indemnitee's own expense.
(d) Settlement. The Company shall not be liable to indemnify Indemnitee under this Agreement or otherwise for any amounts paid in settlement of any Proceeding effected without the Company's written consent; provided, however, that if a Change in Control has occurred subsequent to the date of this Agreement, the Company shall be liable for indemnification of Indemnitee for amounts paid in settlement if Independent Counsel has approved the settlement. Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary or Affiliate shall enter into a settlement of any Proceeding that might result in the imposition of any Expense, Other Liability, penalty, limitation or detriment on Indemnitee, whether indemnifiable under this Agreement or otherwise, without Indemnitee's written consent. Neither the Company nor Indemnitee shall unreasonably withhold, delay or condition consent from any settlement of any Proceeding. The Company shall promptly notify Indemnitee upon the Company's receipt of an offer to settle, or if the Company makes an offer to settle, any Proceeding, and provide Indemnitee with a reasonable amount of time to consider such settlement, in the case of any such settlement for which the consent of Indemnitee would be required hereunder. The Company shall not settle any part of any Proceeding to which Indemnitee is a party with respect to other parties (including the Company) without the written consent of Indemnitee if any portion of the settlement is to be funded from insurance proceeds paid from an insurance policy or policies providing coverage to Indemnitee unless approved by a majority of the Independent Directors, provided that this sentence shall cease to be of any force and effect if it has been determined in accordance with this Agreement that Indemnitee is not entitled to indemnification hereunder with respect to such Proceeding or if the Company's obligations hereunder to Indemnitee with respect to such Proceeding have been fully discharged.
8. Determination of Right to Indemnification.
(a) Success on the Merits or Otherwise. To the extent that Indemnitee has been successful on the merits or otherwise in the defense of any Proceeding referred to in Section 3(a) above or in the defense of any claim, issue or matter described therein, the Company shall indemnify Indemnitee against Expenses incurred in connection therewith.
(b) Indemnification in Other Situations. In the event that Section 8(a) is inapplicable, the Company shall also indemnify Indemnitee if Indemnitee has met the applicable standard of conduct for indemnification to the fullest extent permitted by law.
(c) Determination of Entitlement to Indemnification. Indemnitee shall be entitled to select the manner in which the determination of whether or not Indemnitee has met the applicable standard of conduct shall be decided, and such election will be made from among the following:
i. A majority of the Independent Directors even though less than a quorum;
ii. A committee of Independent Directors designated by a majority vote of Independent Directors, even though less than a quorum; or
iii. Independent Counsel, who shall make such determination in a written opinion.
If Indemnitee is an officer or a director of the Company at the time that Indemnitee is selecting the manner in which the determination of whether Indemnitee has met the applicable standard of conduct shall be decided, then Indemnitee shall not select Independent Counsel as the manner for the determination to be made unless (i) there are no Independent Directors, or (ii) a majority of the Independent Directors (even though less than a quorum) approve of the selection of Independent Counsel, which approval may not be unreasonably withheld, delayed or conditioned.
The party or parties selected in accordance with this Section 8(c) shall be referred to herein as the "Reviewing Party." Notwithstanding the foregoing, following any Change in Control subsequent to the date of this Agreement, the Reviewing Party shall be Independent Counsel.
(d) Decision Timing. As soon as practicable, and in no event later than thirty (30) days after receipt by the Company of written notice of Indemnitee's choice of the Reviewing Party pursuant to Section 8(c) above, the Company and Indemnitee shall each submit to the Reviewing Party such information as they believe is appropriate for the Reviewing Party to consider. The Reviewing Party shall arrive at its decision within a reasonable period of time following the receipt of all such information from the Company and Indemnitee, but in no event later than thirty (30) days following the receipt of all such information, provided that the time by which the Reviewing Party must reach a decision may be extended by mutual agreement of the Company and Indemnitee. All Expenses associated with the process set forth in this Section 8(d), including but not limited to the Expenses of the Reviewing Party, shall be paid by the Company.
(e) Delaware Court of Chancery. Notwithstanding a final determination by any Reviewing Party that Indemnitee is not entitled to indemnification with respect to a specific Proceeding, Indemnitee shall have the right to apply to the Delaware Court of Chancery, for the purpose of enforcing Indemnitee's right to indemnification pursuant to this Agreement.
(f) Expenses. The Company shall indemnify Indemnitee against all Expenses incurred by Indemnitee in connection with any process, hearing or Proceeding under this Section 8 involving Indemnitee and against all Expenses incurred by Indemnitee in connection with any other Proceeding between the Company and Indemnitee involving the interpretation or enforcement of the rights of Indemnitee under this Agreement unless a court of competent jurisdiction finds that each of the material claims of Indemnitee in any such Proceeding was frivolous or made in bad faith.
(g) Determination of "Good Faith". For purposes of any determination of whether Indemnitee acted in "good faith" or acted in "bad faith," Indemnitee shall be deemed to have acted in good faith or not acted in bad faith if, in taking or failing to take the action in question, Indemnitee relied on the records or books of account of the Company or a Subsidiary or Affiliate, including financial statements, or on information, opinions, reports or statements provided to Indemnitee by the officers or other employees of the Company or a Subsidiary or Affiliate in the course of their duties, or on the advice of legal counsel for the Company or a Subsidiary or Affiliate, or on information or records given or reports made to the Company or a Subsidiary or Affiliate by an independent certified public accountant or by an appraiser or other expert selected by the Company or a Subsidiary or Affiliate, or by any other person (including legal counsel, accountants and financial advisors) as to matters Indemnitee reasonably believes are within such other person's professional or expert competence and who has or have been selected with reasonable care by or on behalf of the Company or a Subsidiary or Affiliate. In connection with any determination as to whether Indemnitee is entitled to be indemnified hereunder, the Reviewing Party or court shall presume that Indemnitee has satisfied the applicable standard of conduct and is entitled to indemnification, and the burden of proof shall be on the Company to establish, by clear and convincing evidence, that Indemnitee is not so entitled. The provisions of this Section 8(g) shall not be deemed to be exclusive or to limit in any way the other circumstances in which Indemnitee may be deemed to have met the applicable standard of conduct set forth in this Agreement. In addition, the knowledge and/or actions, or failures to act, of any other person serving the Company or a Subsidiary or Affiliate as an Indemnifiable Person shall not be imputed to Indemnitee for purposes of determining the right to indemnification hereunder.
9. Exceptions. Any other provision herein to the contrary notwithstanding, Indemnitee's rights to indemnification and/or advancement are subject to the following exceptions.
(a) Claims Initiated by Indemnitee. The Company shall not be obligated pursuant to the terms of this Agreement to indemnify or advance Expenses to Indemnitee with respect to Proceedings or claims initiated or brought voluntarily by Indemnitee and not by way of defense, except (i) with respect to Proceedings brought to establish or enforce a right to indemnification under this Agreement, any other statute or law, as permitted under Section 145, or otherwise, (ii) where the Board has consented to the initiation of such Proceeding, or (iii) with respect to Proceedings brought to discharge Indemnitee's fiduciary responsibilities, whether under ERISA or otherwise, but such indemnification or advancement of Expenses may be provided by the Company in specific cases if the Board finds it to be appropriate.
(b) Actions Based on Federal Statutes Regarding Profit Recovery and Return of Bonus Payments. The Company shall not be obligated pursuant to the terms of this Agreement to indemnify Indemnitee on account of (i) any suit in which judgment is rendered against Indemnitee by a court of competent jurisdiction in a final adjudication not subject to further appeal for an accounting of profits made from the purchase or sale by Indemnitee of securities of the Company pursuant to the provisions of Section 16(b) of the Exchange Act and amendments thereto or similar provisions of any federal, state or local statutory law, (ii) any reimbursement paid to the Company by the Indemnitee of any bonus or other incentive-based or equity-based compensation or of any profits realized by the Indemnitee from the sale of securities of the Company, as required in each case under the Exchange Act, including but not limited to any such reimbursements that arise from an accounting restatement of the Company pursuant to Section 304 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (the "Sarbanes-Oxley Act"), or the payment to the Company of profits arising from the purchase and sale by Indemnitee of securities in violation of Section 306 of the Sarbanes- Oxley Act; or (iii) any reimbursement of the Company by Indemnitee of any compensation pursuant to any compensation recoupment or clawback policy adopted by the Board or the compensation committee of the Board, including but not limited to any such policy adopted to comply with stock exchange listing requirements implementing Section 10D of the Exchange Act.
(c) Unlawful Indemnification. The Company shall not be obligated pursuant to the terms of this Agreement to indemnify Indemnitee for Other Liabilities if such indemnification is prohibited by law as determined by a court of competent jurisdiction in a final adjudication not subject to further appeal.
(d) Exception for Amounts Covered by Insurance and Other Sources. The Company shall not be obligated to advance or indemnify Indemnitee for Expenses or Other Liabilities of any type whatsoever, including, but not limited to judgments, fines, penalties, taxes (including excise taxes or penalties related to ERISA or other benefit plans) and amounts paid in settlement, to the extent such have been paid directly to Indemnitee (or paid directly to a third party on Indemnitee's behalf) by any directors and officers liability insurance or other type of insurance maintained by the Company; provided, however, that payment made to Indemnitee pursuant to an insurance policy purchased and maintained by Indemnitee at his or her own expense of any amounts otherwise indemnifiable or obligated to be made pursuant to this Agreement shall not reduce the Company's obligations to Indemnitee pursuant to this Agreement.
10. Non-exclusivity. The provisions for advancement of Expenses and indemnification of Other Liabilities set forth in this Agreement shall not be deemed exclusive of any other rights that Indemnitee may have under any provision of law, the Certificate of Incorporation or the Bylaws, the vote of the Company's stockholders or disinterested directors, other agreements, or otherwise, both as to acts or omissions in his or her official capacity and to acts or omissions in another capacity while serving the Company or a Subsidiary or Affiliate as an Indemnifiable Person.
11. Severability. If any provision or provisions of this Agreement shall be held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable for any reason whatsoever, (i) the validity, legality and enforceability of the remaining provisions of the Agreement (including, without limitation, all portions of any paragraphs of this Agreement containing any such provision held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable, that are not themselves invalid, illegal or unenforceable) shall not in any way be affected or impaired thereby, and (ii) to the fullest extent possible, the provisions of this Agreement (including, without limitation, all portions of any paragraphs of this Agreement containing any such provision held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable, that are not themselves invalid, illegal or unenforceable) shall be construed so as to give effect to the intent manifested by the provision held invalid, illegal or unenforceable.
12. Entire Agreement; Supersession, Modification and Waiver. This Agreement constitutes the entire agreement between the parties hereto with respect to the subject matter hereof and supersedes any prior indemnification agreement between the Indemnitee and the Company, its Subsidiaries or its Affiliates, provided, however, that this Agreement is a supplement to and in furtherance of Section 145, the Certificate of Incorporation, the Bylaws, any directors and officers liability insurance or other insurance policy providing coverage to Indemnitee maintained by the Company and applicable law, and shall not be deemed a substitute therefor, nor to diminish or abrogate any rights of Indemnitee thereunder. If the Company and Indemnitee have previously entered into an indemnification agreement providing for the indemnification of Indemnitee by the Company, the entry into this Agreement by both parties hereto shall be deemed to amend and restate such prior agreement to read in its entirety as, and be superseded by, this Agreement. No supplement, modification or amendment of this Agreement shall be binding unless executed in writing by the parties hereto. No waiver of any of the provisions of this Agreement shall be deemed or shall constitute a waiver of any other provision hereof (whether or not similar) and except as expressly provided herein, no such waiver shall constitute a continuing waiver.
13. Successors and Assigns; Survival of Rights. The terms of this Agreement shall bind, and shall inure to the benefit of, and be enforceable by the parties hereto and, as applicable, their respective successors (including any direct or indirect successor by purchase, merger, consolidation or otherwise to all or substantially all of the business and/or assets of the Company), assigns, spouses, heirs, executors, administrators and personal and legal representatives (collectively, "Successors"). Indemnitee's rights hereunder shall continue after Indemnitee has ceased serving the Company or a Subsidiary or Affiliate as an Indemnifiable Person and shall inure to the benefit of Indemnitee's Successors. In addition, the Company shall require and cause any successor (whether direct or indirect by purchase, merger, consolidation or otherwise) to all, substantially all, or a substantial part, of the business and/or assets of the Company, by written agreement in form and substance satisfactory to Indemnitee, expressly to assume and agree to perform this Agreement and indemnify Indemnitee to the fullest extent permitted by law.
14. Notice. All notices, requests, demands and other communications under this Agreement shall be in writing and shall be deemed duly given (i) if delivered by hand and a receipt is provided by the party to whom such communication is delivered, (ii) if mailed by certified or registered mail with postage prepaid, return receipt requested, on the signing by the recipient of an acknowledgement of receipt form accompanying delivery through the U.S. mail, (iii) by personal service by a process server, (iv) by delivery to the recipient's address by overnight delivery (e.g., FedEx, UPS or DHL) or other commercial delivery service, or (v) if via electronic mail, upon confirmation of delivery when directed to the relevant electronic mail address, if sent during normal business hours of the recipient, or if not sent during normal business hours of the recipient, then on the recipient's next business day. The address for notice to the Indemnitee shall be the Indemnitee's most recent address on file with the Company. Delivery of communications to the Company with respect to this Agreement shall be sent to the attention of the Company's Chief Executive Officer or Chief Financial Officer.
15. No Presumptions. For purposes of this Agreement, the termination of any Proceeding, by judgment, order, settlement (whether with or without court approval) or conviction, or upon a plea of nolo contendere or its equivalent, shall not, of itself, create a presumption that Indemnitee did not meet any particular standard of conduct or have any particular belief or that a court has determined that indemnification is not permitted by applicable law or otherwise. In addition, neither the failure of the Company or a Reviewing Party to have made a determination as to whether Indemnitee has met any particular standard of conduct or had any particular belief, nor an actual determination by the Company or a Reviewing Party that Indemnitee has not met such standard of conduct or did not have such belief, prior to the commencement of Proceedings by Indemnitee to secure a judicial determination by exercising Indemnitee's rights under Section 8(e) of this Agreement shall be a defense to Indemnitee's claim or create a presumption that Indemnitee has failed to meet any particular standard of conduct or did not have any particular belief or is not entitled to indemnification under applicable law or otherwise. Additionally, any admission of liability by the Company in connection with any settlement by the Company with a regulatory agency shall not, of itself, create a presumption that Indemnitee did not meet any particular standard of conduct or have any particular belief or that a court has determined that indemnification is not permitted by applicable law or otherwise.
16. Subrogation and Contribution.
(a) Except as otherwise expressly provided in this Agreement, in the event of payment under this Agreement, the Company shall be subrogated to the extent of such payment to all of the rights of recovery of Indemnitee, who shall execute all documents required and shall do all acts that may be necessary to secure such rights and to enable the Company effectively to bring suit to enforce such rights.
(b) To the fullest extent permissible under applicable law, if the indemnification provided for in this Agreement is unavailable to Indemnitee for any reason whatsoever, the Company, in lieu of indemnifying Indemnitee, shall contribute to the amount incurred by or on behalf of Indemnitee, whether for Expenses or Other Liabilities, in connection with any Proceeding relating to an Indemnifiable Event under this Agreement, in such proportion as is deemed fair and reasonable in light of all of the circumstances of such Proceeding in order to reflect (i) the relative benefits received by the Company and Indemnitee as a result of the event(s) and/or transaction(s) giving cause to such Proceeding; and/or (ii) the relative fault of the Company (and its directors, officers, employees and agents) and Indemnitee in connection with such event(s) and/or transaction(s).
17. Specific Performance, Etc. The parties recognize that if any provision of this Agreement is violated by the Company, Indemnitee may be without an adequate remedy at law. Accordingly, in the event of any such violation, Indemnitee shall be entitled, if Indemnitee so elects, to institute Proceedings, either in law or at equity, to obtain damages, to enforce specific performance, to enjoin such violation, or to obtain any relief or any combination of the foregoing as Indemnitee may elect to pursue.
18. Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in counterparts, each of which shall for all purposes be deemed to be an original but all of which together shall constitute one and the same agreement. Only one such counterpart signed by the party against whom enforceability is sought needs to be produced to evidence the existence of this Agreement. Execution of a PDF copy shall have the same force and effect as execution of an original, and a copy of a signature will be admissible in any legal proceeding as if an original.
19. Headings. The headings of the sections and paragraphs of this Agreement are inserted for convenience only and shall not be deemed to constitute part of this Agreement or to affect the construction or interpretation thereof.
20. Governing Law. This Agreement shall be governed exclusively by and construed according to the laws of the State of Delaware, as applied to contracts between Delaware residents entered into and to be performed entirely with Delaware.
21. Consent to Jurisdiction. The Company and Indemnitee each hereby irrevocably consent to the jurisdiction of the courts of the State of Delaware for all purposes in connection with any Proceeding which arises out of or relates to this Agreement.
[Signature Page Follows]
The parties hereto have entered into this Agreement effective as of the date first above written.
| STARFIGHTERS SPACE, INC. | |
| By: /s/ David Whitney | |
| Name: David Whitney | |
| Title: Chief Financial Officer | |
| INDEMNITEE: | |
| /s/ Geoffrey P. Hickman | |
| Geoffrey P. Hickman | |
- 1 -
CERTAIN IDENTIFIED INFORMATION HAS BEEN EXCLUDED FROM THIS EXHIBIT BECAUSE IT IS BOTH NOT MATERIAL AND IS THE TYPE THAT THE ISSUER TREATS AS PRIVATE OR CONFIDENTIAL
POOLING AGREEMENT
THIS AGREEMENT is made effective the 25th day of August, 2025.
AMONG:
STARFIGHTERS SPACE, INC., a company existing under the laws of the State of Delaware
(the "Company")
AND:
THOSE SECURITYHOLDERS OF THE COMPANY set forth in Schedule "A" hereto
(individually, the "Securityholder", and collectively, the "Securityholders")
WHEREAS:
(A) the Company contemplates listing (the "Listing") the shares of common stock in the capital of the Company (the "Shares") on the NYSE American LLC (the "Exchange"); and
(B) in connection with the Listing and as required by the Company's selling agent, Digital Offering LLC, the Securityholders have agreed to pool all the Shares, all the Shares issuable upon exercise of the outstanding Share purchase warrants (the "Warrants Shares"), and all the Shares issuable upon conversion of the outstanding secured convertible debentures (the "Debenture Shares", and together with the Shares and the Warrant Shares, being collectively, the "Securities") that are held by Securityholders or to be issued to the Securityholders upon Listing, as in each case set forth opposite the Securityholder's name in Schedule "A" hereto, to be held in escrow pursuant to the terms set out herein.
NOW THEREFORE in consideration of the covenants contained in this Agreement and other good and valuable consideration (the receipt and sufficiency of which is acknowledged), the parties hereto agree as follows:
1. General Restriction on Sales, Pledges, etc.
The Securityholders shall not directly or indirectly sell, assign, transfer, pledge, mortgage, or otherwise dispose of or encumber any legal or beneficial interest in the Securities subject to such Pool Term (hereinafter defined) or any portion thereof (each of which is a "Transaction"), nor shall they agree to do any such Transaction, whether or not any such Transaction is not to be effective until such time as the Securities have been released from the Pool (hereinafter defined) in accordance with the release schedule in Section 4 hereof.
2. Voting of Shares in Pool
- 2 -
All and any voting rights attached to the Securities shall at all times be exercised by the Securityholders, and all rights attached thereto including the right to receive payment of any dividends shall be for the benefit of the Securityholder.
3. Non-Applicability of Standstill Clause
The restrictions in Section 1 do not apply to the Securityholder in the case of a take-over bid, amalgamation, arrangement, merger or similar transaction of the Company by a third party who is arm's length to the Company.
4. Release of Pooled Securities
The Securities will be subject to contractual restrictions on resale, pursuant to which the Securities will be subject to a pool (the "Pool") for a period of 180 days or as described below (the "Pool Term") from the date the Company may complete the Listing (the "Listing Date"), with releases occurring on the following schedule:
| 180 days after the Listing Date | 50% of the Securities |
| 180 days after the Listing Date, or immediately, in the event the closing bid price of the Shares on the Exchange is greater than $17.95 for any period of 10 consecutive trading days after the Listing Date and the average trading volume of the Shares is greater than 250,000 Shares per day for those 10 consecutive trading days | 25% of the Securities |
| 180 days after the Listing Date, or immediately, in the event the closing bid price of the Shares on the Exchange is greater than $5.38 on any day after the Listing Date | 5% of the Securities |
| 180 days after the Listing Date, or immediately, in the event the closing bid price of the Shares on the Exchange is greater than $5.38 for any period of 10 consecutive trading days beginning at least 60 days after the Listing Date and the average trading volume of the Shares was greater than 100,000 Shares per day for any 60 day period following the Listing Date | 5% of the Securities |
| 180 days after the Listing Date, or immediately, in the event the closing bid price of the Shares on the Exchange is greater than $5.38 for any period of 10 consecutive trading days beginning at least 90 days after the Listing Date and the average trading volume of the Shares was greater than 100,000 Shares per day for any 90 day period following the Listing Date | 5% of the Securities |
- 3 -
| 180 days after the Listing Date, or immediately, in the event the closing bid price of the Shares on the Exchange is greater than $5.38 for any period of 10 consecutive trading days beginning at least 120 days after the Listing Date and the average trading volume of the Shares was greater than 100,000 Shares per day for any 120 day period following the Listing Date | 5% of the Securities |
| 180 days after the Listing Date, or immediately, in the event the closing bid price of the Shares on the Exchange is greater than $5.38 for any period of 10 consecutive trading days beginning at least 150 days after the Listing Date and the average trading volume of the Shares was greater than 100,000 Shares per day for any 150 day period following the Listing Date | 5% of the Securities |
5. Termination
This Agreement may be terminated upon the written agreement of all parties.
6. Reorganizations, etc.
If, during the period in which any of the Securities are retained in escrow pursuant to this Agreement, a reorganization affecting the share capital occurs, then and in each such event, the Securities shall be released and replaced by the shares of stock and other securities and property upon the terms and conditions provided in the relevant reorganization documents.
7. Further Assurance
The parties shall, upon reasonable request and without unreasonable delay, execute and deliver any further documents or assurances and perform any acts necessary to carry out the intent and purposes of this Agreement. The Securityholders will allow a representative of the Company to inspect, at the Company's costs, the physical certificate or other instrument representing the Securities in order to ensure compliance with this Agreement during normal business hours on reasonable notice to the Securityholders provided that such inspections will not unduly impact or impede the ordinary business operations of the Securityholders.
8. Time
Time is of the essence of this Agreement.
9. Governing Laws and Venue
This Agreement shall be construed in accordance with and governed by the laws of British Columbia and the laws of Canada applicable in British Columbia. The parties attorn to British Columbia in the event of any legal proceedings involving this Agreement.
- 4 -
10. Counterparts
This Agreement may be executed in any number of counterparts, each of which, when so executed and delivered, will constitute an original and all of which together will constitute one instrument. Each party hereto will be entitled to rely on delivery by facsimile or electronically delivered portable document format (PDF) of an executed copy of this Agreement and acceptance by a party of such facsimile or PDF copy will be equally effective to create a valid and binding agreement between the parties in accordance with the terms hereof.
11. Notices
All notices that may be or are required to be given pursuant to any provision of this Agreement are to be given or made in writing and served personally, delivered by courier or sent by facsimile or other electronic transmission:
(a) in the case of the Company, to:
Starfighters Space, Inc.
505 Odyssey Way, Suite 203
Kennedy Space Center, FL 32952
United States
Attention: Rick Svetkoff
Email: rick@starfighters.net
with a copy (which shall not constitute notice) to:
McMillan LLP
Suite 1500, 1055 West Georgia Street Vancouver, BC, V6E 4N7
Canada
Attention: Michael Shannon
Email: michael.shannon@mcmillan.ca
(b) in the case of the Securityholders, to the respective address provided in Schedule "A".
s
12. Independent Legal Advice
THE SECURITYHOLDERS ACKNOWLEDGE AND AGREE THAT THIS AGREEMENT HAS BEEN PREPARED BY MCMILLAN LLP, AS LEGAL COUNSEL TO THE COMPANY, AND THAT AT NO TIME HAS MCMILLAN LLP PROVIDED LEGAL ADVICE TO THE SECURITYHOLDERS, AND THE SECURITYHOLDERS HEREBY ACKNOWLEDGE AND DECLARE THAT THEY HAVE EITHER SOUGHT THE REQUISITE INDEPENDENT LEGAL ADVICE IN CONNECTION WITH THE ENTERING INTO OF THIS AGREEMENT OR HAVE WAIVED THEIR RIGHT THERETO.
13. Severability
Any provision of this Agreement which is or becomes prohibited and unenforceable does not invalidate, affect or impair the remaining provisions which shall be deemed to be severable from such prohibited or unenforceable provision.
- 5 -
14. Enurement
This Agreement enures to the benefit of and is binding on the parties and their heirs, executors, administrators, successors and permitted assigns.
[Signature Page Follows]
- 6 -
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, this Agreement has been executed by the parties hereto on the day and year first written above.
STARFIGHTERS SPACE, INC.
Per: /s/ David Whitney
Name: David Whitney
Title: Chief Financial Officer
The President of the Company signs on behalf of all of the Securityholders set forth in Schedule "A" hereto as the Securityholders' attorney-in-fact.
/s/ Rick Svetkoff________________________________
RICK SVETKOFF
Attorney-in-fact
SCHEDULE "A"
SECURITYHOLDERS
(a) Shares and Warrants
| Name | Address | No. of Shares | No. of Warrants |
| [****] | [****] | 10,000 | - |
| [****] | [****] | - | 500,000 |
| [****] | [****] | 40,000 | 250,000 |
| [****] | [****] | - | 50,000 |
| [****] | [****] | 20,000 | 10,000 |
| [****] | [****] | 15,000 | 10,000 |
| [****] | [****] | 10,000 | 25,000 |
| [****] | [****] | 10,000 | - |
| [****] | [****] | 40,000 | 10,000 |
| [****] | [****] | 20,000 | 50,000 |
| [****] | [****] | - | 3,062,500 |
| [****] | [****] | 10,000 | - |
| [****] | [****] | 100,000 | - |
| [****] | [****] | - | 100,000 |
| [****] | [****] | 20,000 | - |
| [****] | [****] | 10,000 | 50,000 |
| [****] | [****] | 20,000 | 100,000 |
| [****] | [****] | 40,000 | - |
| [****] | [****] | 80,000 | - |
| [****] | [****] | - | 50,000 |
| [****] | [****] | - | 5,762,500 |
| Name | Address | No. of Shares | No. of Warrants |
| [****] | [****] | - | 100,000 |
| [****] | [****] | - | 300,000 |
| [****] | [****] | - | 100,000 |
| [****] | [****] | 20,000 | 10,000 |
| [****] | [****] | 40,000 | 250,000 |
| [****] | [****] | 50,000 | 10,000 |
| [****] | [****] | 35,000 | 300,000 |
| [****] | [****] | 30,000 | - |
| [****] | [****] | - | 400,000 |
| [****] | [****] | 80,000 | - |
| [****] | [****] | 10,000 | - |
| [****] | [****] | 6,000 | - |
| [****] | [****] | 200,000 | - |
| [****] | [****] | 10,000 | - |
| [****] | [****] | 40,200 | 10,000 |
| [****] | [****] | 10,000 | - |
| [****] | [****] | - | 916,667 |
| [****] | [****] | - | 100,000 |
| [****] | [****] | - | 50,000 |
| [****] | [****] | - | 10,000 |
| [****] | [****] | - | 458,333 |
| [****] | [****] | 12,000 | 60,000 |
| [****] | [****] | - | 916,667 |
| [****] | [****] | 250,000 | - |
| Name | Address | No. of Shares | No. of Warrants |
| [****] | [****] | - | 50,000 |
| [****] | [****] | 830,000 | - |
| [****] | [****] | - | 458,333 |
| [****] | [****] | 10,000 | - |
| [****] | [****] | 30,000 | - |
| [****] | [****] | 30,000 | 500,000 |
| [****] | [****] | - | 3,000,000 |
| [****] | [****] | - | 10,000 |
| [****] | [****] | 20,000 | - |
| [****] | [****] | 60,000 | - |
| [****] | [****] | 10,000 | 10,000 |
| [****] | [****] | 22,000 | - |
| [****] | [****] | 30,000 | 50,000 |
| [****] | [****] | 50,000 | - |
| [****] | [****] | 200,000 | - |
| [****] | [****] | 20,000 | 50,000 |
| Total: | 2,550,200 | 18,150,000 |
(b) Debenture Shares
[****]
- 1 -
POOLING AGREEMENT
THIS AGREEMENT is made effective the 25th day of August, 2025.
AMONG:
STARFIGHTERS SPACE, INC., a company existing under the laws of the State of Delaware
(the "Company")
AND:
RICHARD (RICK) WILLIAM SVETKOFF, having an address at 1608 North Jasmine Avenue, Tarpon Springs, FL 34689
(the "Shareholder")
WHEREAS:
(A) the Company contemplates listing (the "Listing") the shares of common stock in the capital of the Company (the "Shares") on the NYSE American LLC (the "Exchange"); and
(B) in connection with the Listing and as required by the Company's selling agent, Digital Offering LLC, the Shareholder has agreed to pool all the Shares that are held by the Shareholder to be held in escrow pursuant to the terms set out herein.
NOW THEREFORE in consideration of the covenants contained in this Agreement and other good and valuable consideration (the receipt and sufficiency of which is acknowledged), the parties hereto agree as follows:
1. General Restriction on Sales, Pledges, etc.
The Shareholder shall not directly or indirectly sell, assign, transfer, pledge, mortgage, or otherwise dispose of or encumber any legal or beneficial interest in the Shares subject to such Pool Term (hereinafter defined) or any portion thereof (each of which is a "Transaction"), nor shall they agree to do any such Transaction, whether or not any such Transaction is not to be effective until such time as the Shares have been released from the Pool (hereinafter defined) in accordance with the release schedule in Section 4 hereof.
2. Voting of Shares in Pool
All and any voting rights attached to the Shares shall at all times be exercised by the Shareholder, and all rights attached thereto including the right to receive payment of any dividends shall be for the benefit of the Shareholder.
- 2 -
3. Non-Applicability of Standstill Clause
The restrictions in Section 1 do not apply to the Shareholder in the case of a take-over bid, amalgamation, arrangement, merger or similar transaction of the Company by a third party who is arm's length to the Company.
4. Release of Pooled Shares
The Shares will be subject to contractual restrictions on resale, pursuant to which the Shares will be subject to a pool (the "Pool") for the periods described below (the "Pool Term") from the date the Company may complete the Listing (the "Listing Date"), with releases occurring on the following schedule:
(a) With respect to 10% of the Shares (the "First Tranche Shares")
|
18 months after the Listing Date |
50% of the First Tranche Shares |
|
Either:(i) 18 months after the Listing Date, or (ii) immediately, in the event the closing bid price of the Shares on the Exchange is greater than $17.95 for any period of 10 consecutive trading days after the Listing Date and the average trading volume of the Shares is greater than 250,000 Shares per day for those 10 consecutive trading days |
25% of the First Tranche Shares Which, for greater certainty, in the event of an immediate release pursuant to (ii), is 25% of the total Shares held by the Shareholder when combined with the corresponding immediate releases in Sections 4(b), (c), (d), (e), (f), (g) and (h) |
|
Either: (i) 18 months after the Listing Date, or (ii) immediately, in the event the closing bid price of the Shares on the Exchange is greater than $5.38 on any day after the Listing Date |
5% of the First Tranche Shares Which, for greater certainty, in the event of an immediate release pursuant to (ii), is 5% of the total Shares held by the Shareholder when combined with the corresponding immediate releases in Sections 4(b), (c), (d), (e), (f), (g) and (h) |
|
Either: (i) 18 months after the Listing Date, or (ii) immediately, in the event the closing bid price of the Shares on the Exchange is greater than $5.38 for any period of 10 consecutive trading days beginning at least 60 days after the Listing Date and the average trading volume of the Shares was greater than 100,000 Shares per day for any 60 day period following the Listing Date |
5% of the First Tranche Shares Which, for greater certainty, in the event of an immediate release pursuant to (ii), is 5% of the total Shares held by the Shareholder when combined with the corresponding immediate releases in Sections 4(b), (c), (d), (e), (f), (g) and (h) |
|
Either: (i) 18 months after the Listing Date, or (ii) immediately, in the event the closing bid price of the Shares on the Exchange is greater than $5.38 for any period of 10 consecutive trading days beginning at least 90 days after the Listing Date and the average trading volume of the Shares was greater than 100,000 Shares per day for any 90 day period following the Listing Date |
5% of the First Tranche Shares Which, for greater certainty, in the event of an immediate release pursuant to (ii), is 5% of the total Shares held by the Shareholder when combined with the corresponding immediate releases in Sections 4(b), (c), (d), (e), (f), (g) and (h) |
- 3 -
|
Either: (i) 18 months after the Listing Date, or (ii) immediately, in the event the closing bid price of the Shares on the Exchange is greater than $5.38 for any period of 10 consecutive trading days beginning at least 120 days after the Listing Date and the average trading volume of the Shares was greater than 100,000 Shares per day for any 120 day period following the Listing Date |
5% of the First Tranche Shares Which, for greater certainty, in the event of an immediate release pursuant to (ii), is 5% of the total Shares held by the Shareholder when combined with the corresponding immediate releases in Sections 4(b), (c), (d), (e), (f), (g) and (h) |
|
Either: (i) 18 months after the Listing Date, or (ii) immediately, in the event the closing bid price of the Shares on the Exchange is greater than $5.38 for any period of 10 consecutive trading days beginning at least 150 days after the Listing Date and the average trading volume of the Shares was greater than 100,000 Shares per day for any 150 days following the Listing Date |
5% of the First Tranche Shares Which, for greater certainty, in the event of an immediate release pursuant to (ii), is 5% of the total Shares held by the Shareholder when combined with the corresponding immediate releases in Sections 4(b), (c), (d), (e), (f), (g) and (h) |
(b) With respect to 10% of the Shares (the "Second Tranche Shares"):
|
24 months after the Listing Date |
50% of the Second Tranche Shares |
|
Either: (i) 24 months after the Listing Date, or (ii) immediately, in the event the closing bid price of the Shares on the Exchange is greater than $17.95 for any period of 10 consecutive trading days after the Listing Date and the average trading volume of the Shares is greater than 250,000 Shares per day for those 10 consecutive trading days |
25% of the Second Tranche Shares Which, for greater certainty, in the event of an immediate release pursuant to (ii), is 25% of the total Shares held by the Shareholder when combined with the corresponding immediate releases in Sections 4(a), (c), (d), (e), (f), (g) and (h) |
|
Either: (i) 24 months after the Listing Date, or (ii) immediately, in the event the closing bid price of the Shares on the Exchange is greater than $5.38 on any day after the Listing Date |
5% of the Second Tranche Shares Which, for greater certainty, in the event of an immediate release pursuant to (ii), is 5% of the total Shares held by the Shareholder when combined with the corresponding immediate releases in Sections 4(a), (c), (d), (e), (f), (g) and (h) |
- 4 -
|
Either: (i) 24 months after the Listing Date, or (ii) immediately, in the event the closing bid price of the Shares on the Exchange is greater than $5.38 for any period of 10 consecutive trading days beginning at least 60 days after the Listing Date and the average trading volume of the Shares was greater than 100,000 Shares per day for any 60 day period following the Listing Date |
5% of the Second Tranche Shares Which, for greater certainty, in the event of an immediate release pursuant to (ii), is 5% of the total Shares held by the Shareholder when combined with the corresponding immediate releases in Sections 4(a), (c), (d), (e), (f), (g) and (h) |
|
Either: (i) 24 months after the Listing Date, or (ii) immediately, in the event the closing bid price of the Shares on the Exchange is greater than $5.38 for any period of 10 consecutive trading days beginning at least 90 days after the Listing Date and the average trading volume of the Shares was greater than 100,000 Shares per day for any 90 day period following the Listing Date |
5% of the Second Tranche Shares Which, for greater certainty, in the event of an immediate release pursuant to (ii), is 5% of the total Shares held by the Shareholder when combined with the corresponding immediate releases in Sections 4(a), (c), (d), (e), (f), (g) and (h) |
|
Either: (i) 24 months after the Listing Date, or (ii) immediately, in the event the closing bid price of the Shares on the Exchange is greater than $5.38 for any period of 10 consecutive trading days beginning at least 120 days after the Listing Date and the average trading volume of the Shares was greater than 100,000 Shares per day for any 120 day period following the Listing Date |
5% of the Second Tranche Shares Which, for greater certainty, in the event of an immediate release pursuant to (ii), is 5% of the total Shares held by the Shareholder when combined with the corresponding immediate releases in Sections 4(a), (c), (d), (e), (f), (g) and (h) |
|
24 months after the Listing Date, or Either: (i) (ii) immediately, in the event the closing bid price of the Shares on the Exchange is greater than $5.38 for any period of 10 consecutive trading days beginning at least 150 days after the Listing Date and the average trading volume of the Shares was greater than 100,000 Shares per day for any 150 days following the Listing Date |
5% of the Second Tranche Shares Which, for greater certainty, in the event of an immediate release pursuant to (ii), is 5% of the total Shares held by the Shareholder when combined with the corresponding immediate releases in Sections 4(a), (c), (d), (e), (f), (g) and (h) |
(c) With respect to 10% of the Shares (the "Third Tranche Shares"):
|
30 months after the Listing Date |
50% of the Third Tranche Shares |
|
Either: (i) 30 months after the Listing Date, or (ii) immediately, in the event the closing bid price of the Shares on the Exchange is greater than $17.95 for any period of 10 consecutive trading days after the Listing Date and the average trading volume of the Shares is greater than 250,000 Shares per day for those 10 consecutive trading days |
25% of the Third Tranche Shares Which, for greater certainty, in the event of an immediate release pursuant to (ii), is 25% of the total Shares held by the Shareholder when combined with the corresponding immediate releases in Sections 4(a), (b), (d), (e), (f), (g) and (h) |
- 5 -
|
Either: (i) 30 months after the Listing Date, or (ii) immediately, in the event the closing bid price of the Shares on the Exchange is greater than $5.38 on any day after the Listing Date |
5% of the Third Tranche Shares Which, for greater certainty, in the event of an immediate release pursuant to (ii), is 5% of the total Shares held by the Shareholder when combined with the corresponding immediate releases in Sections 4(a), (b), (d), (e), (f), (g) and (h) |
|
Either: (i) 30 months after the Listing Date, or (ii) immediately, in the event the closing bid price of the Shares on the Exchange is greater than $5.38 for any period of 10 consecutive trading days beginning at least 60 days after the Listing Date and the average trading volume of the Shares was greater than 100,000 Shares per day for any 60 day period following the Listing Date |
5% of the Third Tranche Shares Which, for greater certainty, in the event of an immediate release pursuant to (ii), is 5% of the total Shares held by the Shareholder when combined with the corresponding immediate releases in Sections 4(a), (b), (d), (e), (f), (g) and (h) |
|
Either: (i) 30 months after the Listing Date, or (ii) immediately, in the event the closing bid price of the Shares on the Exchange is greater than $5.38 for any period of 10 consecutive trading days beginning at least 90 days after the Listing Date and the average trading volume of the Shares was greater than 100,000 Shares per day for any 90 day period following the Listing Date |
5% of the Third Tranche Shares Which, for greater certainty, in the event of an immediate release pursuant to (ii), is 5% of the total Shares held by the Shareholder when combined with the corresponding immediate releases in Sections 4(a), (b), (d), (e), (f), (g) and (h) |
|
Either: (i) 30 months after the Listing Date, or (ii) immediately, in the event the closing bid price of the Shares on the Exchange is greater than $5.38 for any period of 10 consecutive trading days beginning at least 120 days after the Listing Date and the average trading volume of the Shares was greater than 100,000 Shares per day for any 120 day period following the Listing Date |
5% of the Third Tranche Shares Which, for greater certainty, in the event of an immediate release pursuant to (ii), is 5% of the total Shares held by the Shareholder when combined with the corresponding immediate releases in Sections 4(a), (b), (d), (e), (f), (g) and (h) |
|
Either: (i) 30 months after the Listing Date, or (ii) immediately, in the event the closing bid price of the Shares on the Exchange is greater than $5.38 for any period of 10 consecutive trading days beginning at least 150 days after the Listing Date and the average trading volume of the Shares was greater than 100,000 Shares per day for any 150 days following the Listing Date |
5% of the Third Tranche Shares Which, for greater certainty, in the event of an immediate release pursuant to (ii), is 5% of the total Shares held by the Shareholder when combined with the corresponding immediate releases in Sections 4(a), (b), (d), (e), (f), (g) and (h) |
- 6 -
(d) With respect to 10% of the Shares (the "Fourth Tranche Shares"):
|
36 months after the Listing Date |
50% of the Fourth Tranche Shares |
|
Either: (i) 36 months after the Listing Date, or (ii) immediately, in the event the closing bid price of the Shares on the Exchange is greater than $17.95 for any period of 10 consecutive trading days after the Listing Date and the average trading volume of the Shares is greater than 250,000 Shares per day for those 10 consecutive trading days |
25% of the Fourth Tranche Shares Which, for greater certainty, in the event of an immediate release pursuant to (ii), is 25% of the total Shares held by the Shareholder when combined with the corresponding immediate releases in Sections 4(a), (b), (c), (e), (f), (g) and (h) |
|
Either: (i) 36 months after the Listing Date, or (ii) immediately, in the event the closing bid price of the Shares on the Exchange is greater than $5.38 on any day after the Listing Date |
5% of the Fourth Tranche Shares Which, for greater certainty, in the event of an immediate release pursuant to (ii), is 5% of the total Shares held by the Shareholder when combined with the corresponding immediate releases in Sections 4(a), (b), (c), (e), (f), (g) and (h) |
|
Either: (i) 36 months after the Listing Date, or (ii) immediately, in the event the closing bid price of the Shares on the Exchange is greater than $5.38 for any period of 10 consecutive trading days beginning at least 60 days after the Listing Date and the average trading volume of the Shares was greater than 100,000 Shares per day for any 60 day period following the Listing Date |
5% of the Fourth Tranche Shares Which, for greater certainty, in the event of an immediate release pursuant to (ii), is 5% of the total Shares held by the Shareholder when combined with the corresponding immediate releases in Sections 4(a), (b), (c), (e), (f), (g) and (h) |
|
Either: (i) 36 months after the Listing Date, or (ii) immediately, in the event the closing bid price of the Shares on the Exchange is greater than $5.38 for any period of 10 consecutive trading days beginning at least 90 days after the Listing Date and the average trading volume of the Shares was greater than 100,000 Shares per day for any 90 day period following the Listing Date |
5% of the Fourth Tranche Shares Which, for greater certainty, in the event of an immediate release pursuant to (ii), is 5% of the total Shares held by the Shareholder when combined with the corresponding immediate releases in Sections 4(a), (b), (c), (e), (f), (g) and (h) |
- 7 -
|
Either: (i) 36 months after the Listing Date, or (ii) immediately, in the event the closing bid price of the Shares on the Exchange is greater than $5.38 for any period of 10 consecutive trading days beginning at least 120 days after the Listing Date and the average trading volume of the Shares was greater than 100,000 Shares per day for any 120 day period following the Listing Date |
5% of the Fourth Tranche Shares Which, for greater certainty, in the event of an immediate release pursuant to (ii), is 5% of the total Shares held by the Shareholder when combined with the corresponding immediate releases in Sections 4(a), (b), (c), (e), (f), (g) and (h) |
|
Either: (i) 36 months after the Listing Date, or (ii) immediately, in the event the closing bid price of the Shares on the Exchange is greater than $5.38 for any period of 10 consecutive trading days beginning at least 150 days after the Listing Date and the average trading volume of the Shares was greater than 100,000 Shares per day for any 150 days following the Listing Date |
5% of the Fourth Tranche Shares Which, for greater certainty, in the event of an immediate release pursuant to (ii), is 5% of the total Shares held by the Shareholder when combined with the corresponding immediate releases in Sections 4(a), (b), (c), (e), (f), (g) and (h) |
(e) With respect to 15% of the Shares (the "Fifth Tranche Shares"):
|
42 months after the Listing Date |
50% of the Fifth Tranche Shares |
|
Either: (i) 42 months after the Listing Date, or (ii) immediately, in the event the closing bid price of the Shares on the Exchange is greater than $17.95 for any period of 10 consecutive trading days after the Listing Date and the average trading volume of the Shares is greater than 250,000 Shares per day for those 10 consecutive trading days |
25% of the Fifth Tranche Shares Which, for greater certainty, in the event of an immediate release pursuant to (ii), is 25% of the total Shares held by the Shareholder when combined with the corresponding immediate releases in Sections 4(a), (b), (c), (d), (f), (g) and (h) |
|
Either: (i) 42 months after the Listing Date, or (ii) immediately, in the event the closing bid price of the Shares on the Exchange is greater than $5.38 on any day after the Listing Date |
5% of the Fifth Tranche Shares Which, for greater certainty, in the event of an immediate release pursuant to (ii), is 5% of the total Shares held by the Shareholder when combined with the corresponding immediate releases in Sections 4(a), (b), (c), (d), (f), (g) and (h) |
|
Either: (i) 42 months after the Listing Date, or (ii) immediately, in the event the closing bid price of the Shares on the Exchange is greater than $5.38 for any period of 10 consecutive trading days beginning at least 60 days after the Listing Date and the average trading volume of the Shares was greater than 100,000 Shares per day for any 60 day period following the Listing Date |
5% of the Fifth Tranche Shares Which, for greater certainty, in the event of an immediate release pursuant to (ii), is 5% of the total Shares held by the Shareholder when combined with the corresponding immediate releases in Sections 4(a), (b), (c), (d), (f), (g) and (h) |
- 8 -
|
Either: (i) 42 months after the Listing Date, or (ii) immediately, in the event the closing bid price of the Shares on the Exchange is greater than $5.38 for any period of 10 consecutive trading days beginning at least 90 days after the Listing Date and the average trading volume of the Shares was greater than 100,000 Shares per day for any 90 day period following the Listing Date |
5% of the Fifth Tranche Shares Which, for greater certainty, in the event of an immediate release pursuant to (ii), is 5% of the total Shares held by the Shareholder when combined with the corresponding immediate releases in Sections 4(a), (b), (c), (d), (f), (g) and (h) |
|
Either: (i) 42 months after the Listing Date, or (ii) immediately, in the event the closing bid price of the Shares on the Exchange is greater than $5.38 for any period of 10 consecutive trading days beginning at least 120 days after the Listing Date and the average trading volume of the Shares was greater than 100,000 Shares per day for any 120 day period following the Listing Date |
5% of the Fifth Tranche Shares Which, for greater certainty, in the event of an immediate release pursuant to (ii), is 5% of the total Shares held by the Shareholder when combined with the corresponding immediate releases in Sections 4(a), (b), (c), (d), (f), (g) and (h) |
|
Either: (i) 42 months after the Listing Date, or (ii) immediately, in the event the closing bid price of the Shares on the Exchange is greater than $5.38 for any period of 10 consecutive trading days beginning at least 150 days after the Listing Date and the average trading volume of the Shares was greater than 100,000 Shares per day for any 150 days following the Listing Date |
5% of the Fifth Tranche Shares Which, for greater certainty, in the event of an immediate release pursuant to (ii), is 5% of the total Shares held by the Shareholder when combined with the corresponding immediate releases in Sections 4(a), (b), (c), (d), (f), (g) and (h) |
(f) With respect to 15% of the Shares (the "Sixth Tranche Shares"):
|
48 months after the Listing Date |
50% of the Sixth Tranche Shares |
|
Either: (i) 48 months after the Listing Date, or (ii) immediately, in the event the closing bid price of the Shares on the Exchange is greater than $17.95 for any period of 10 consecutive trading days after the Listing Date and the average trading volume of the Shares is greater than 250,000 Shares per day for those 10 consecutive trading days |
25% of the Sixth Tranche Shares Which, for greater certainty, in the event of an immediate release pursuant to (ii), is 25% of the total Shares held by the Shareholder when combined with the corresponding immediate releases in Sections 4(a), (b), (c), (d), (e), (g) and (h) |
- 9 -
|
Either: (i) 48 months after the Listing Date, or (ii) immediately, in the event the closing bid price of the Shares on the Exchange is greater than $5.38 on any day after the Listing Date |
5% of the Sixth Tranche Shares Which, for greater certainty, in the event of an immediate release pursuant to (ii), is 5% of the total Shares held by the Shareholder when combined with the corresponding immediate releases in Sections 4(a), (b), (c), (d), (e), (g) and (h) |
|
Either: (i) 48 months after the Listing Date, or (ii) immediately, in the event the closing bid price of the Shares on the Exchange is greater than $5.38 for any period of 10 consecutive trading days beginning at least 60 days after the Listing Date and the average trading volume of the Shares was greater than 100,000 Shares per day for any 60 day period following the Listing Date |
5% of the Sixth Tranche Shares Which, for greater certainty, in the event of an immediate release pursuant to (ii), is 5% of the total Shares held by the Shareholder when combined with the corresponding immediate releases in Sections 4(a), (b), (c), (d), (e), (g) and (h) |
|
Either: (i) 48 months after the Listing Date, or (ii) immediately, in the event the closing bid price of the Shares on the Exchange is greater than $5.38 for any period of 10 consecutive trading days beginning at least 90 days after the Listing Date and the average trading volume of the Shares was greater than 100,000 Shares per day for any 90 day period following the Listing Date |
5% of the Sixth Tranche Shares Which, for greater certainty, in the event of an immediate release pursuant to (ii), is 5% of the total Shares held by the Shareholder when combined with the corresponding immediate releases in Sections 4(a), (b), (c), (d), (e), (g) and (h) |
|
Either: (i) 48 months after the Listing Date, or (ii) immediately, in the event the closing bid price of the Shares on the Exchange is greater than $5.38 for any period of 10 consecutive trading days beginning at least 120 days after the Listing Date and the average trading volume of the Shares was greater than 100,000 Shares per day for any 120 day period following the Listing Date |
5% of the Sixth Tranche Shares Which, for greater certainty, in the event of an immediate release pursuant to (ii), is 5% of the total Shares held by the Shareholder when combined with the corresponding immediate releases in Sections 4(a), (b), (c), (d), (e), (g) and (h) |
|
Either: (i) 48 months after the Listing Date, or (ii) immediately, in the event the closing bid price of the Shares on the Exchange is greater than $5.38 for any period of 10 consecutive trading days beginning at least 150 days after the Listing Date and the average trading volume of the Shares was greater than 100,000 Shares per day for any 150 days following the Listing Date |
5% of the Sixth Tranche Shares Which, for greater certainty, in the event of an immediate release pursuant to (ii), is 5% of the total Shares held by the Shareholder when combined with the corresponding immediate releases in Sections 4(a), (b), (c), (d), (e), (g) and (h) |
- 10 -
(g) With respect to 15% of the Shares (the "Seventh Tranche Shares"):
|
54 months after the Listing Date |
50% of the Seventh Tranche Shares |
|
Either: (i) 54 months after the Listing Date, or (ii) immediately, in the event the closing bid price of the Shares on the Exchange is greater than $17.95 for any period of 10 consecutive trading days after the Listing Date and the average trading volume of the Shares is greater than 250,000 Shares per day for those 10 consecutive trading days |
25% of the Seventh Tranche Shares Which, for greater certainty, in the event of an immediate release pursuant to (ii), is 25% of the total Shares held by the Shareholder when combined with the corresponding immediate releases in Sections 4(a), (b), (c), (d), (e), (f) and (h) |
|
Either: (i) 54 months after the Listing Date, or (ii) immediately, in the event the closing bid price of the Shares on the Exchange is greater than $5.38 on any day after the Listing Date |
5% of the Seventh Tranche Shares Which, for greater certainty, in the event of an immediate release pursuant to (ii), is 5% of the total Shares held by the Shareholder when combined with the corresponding immediate releases in Sections 4(a), (b), (c), (d), (e), (f) and (h) |
|
Either: (i) 54 months after the Listing Date, or (ii) immediately, in the event the closing bid price of the Shares on the Exchange is greater than $5.38 for any period of 10 consecutive trading days beginning at least 60 days after the Listing Date and the average trading volume of the Shares was greater than 100,000 Shares per day for any 60 day period following the Listing Date |
5% of the Seventh Tranche Shares Which, for greater certainty, in the event of an immediate release pursuant to (ii), is 5% of the total Shares held by the Shareholder when combined with the corresponding immediate releases in Sections 4(a), (b), (c), (d), (e), (f) and (h) |
|
Either: (i) 54 months after the Listing Date, or (ii) immediately, in the event the closing bid price of the Shares on the Exchange is greater than $5.38 for any period of 10 consecutive trading days beginning at least 90 days after the Listing Date and the average trading volume of the Shares was greater than 100,000 Shares per day for any 90 day period following the Listing Date |
5% of the Seventh Tranche Shares Which, for greater certainty, in the event of an immediate release pursuant to (ii), is 5% of the total Shares held by the Shareholder when combined with the corresponding immediate releases in Sections 4(a), (b), (c), (d), (e), (f) and (h) |
- 11 -
|
Either: (i) 54 months after the Listing Date, or (ii) immediately, in the event the closing bid price of the Shares on the Exchange is greater than $5.38 for any period of 10 consecutive trading days beginning at least 120 days after the Listing Date and the average trading volume of the Shares was greater than 100,000 Shares per day for any 120 day period following the Listing Date |
5% of the Seventh Tranche Shares Which, for greater certainty, in the event of an immediate release pursuant to (ii), is 5% of the total Shares held by the Shareholder when combined with the corresponding immediate releases in Sections 4(a), (b), (c), (d), (e), (f) and (h) |
|
Either: (i) 54 months after the Listing Date, or (ii) immediately, in the event the closing bid price of the Shares on the Exchange is greater than $5.38 for any period of 10 consecutive trading days beginning at least 150 days after the Listing Date and the average trading volume of the Shares was greater than 100,000 Shares per day for any 150 days following the Listing Date |
5% of the Seventh Tranche Shares Which, for greater certainty, in the event of an immediate release pursuant to (ii), is 5% of the total Shares held by the Shareholder when combined with the corresponding immediate releases in Sections 4(a), (b), (c), (d), (e), (f) and (h) |
(h) With respect to 15% of the Shares (the "Eighth Tranche Shares"):
|
60 months after the Listing Date |
50% of the Eighth Tranche Shares |
|
Either: (i) 60 months after the Listing Date, or (ii) immediately, in the event the closing bid price of the Shares on the Exchange is greater than $17.95 for any period of 10 consecutive trading days after the Listing Date and the average trading volume of the Shares is greater than 250,000 Shares per day for those 10 consecutive trading days |
25% of the Eighth Tranche Shares Which, for greater certainty, in the event of an immediate release pursuant to (ii), is 25% of the total Shares held by the Shareholder when combined with the corresponding immediate releases in Sections 4(a), (b), (c), (d), (e), (f) and (g) |
|
Either: (i) 60 months after the Listing Date, or (ii) immediately, in the event the closing bid price of the Shares on the Exchange is greater than $5.38 on any day after the Listing Date |
5% of the Eighth Tranche Shares Which, for greater certainty, in the event of an immediate release pursuant to (ii), is 5% of the total Shares held by the Shareholder when combined with the corresponding immediate releases in Sections 4(a), (b), (c), (d), (e), (f) and (g) |
|
Either: (i) 60 months after the Listing Date, or (ii) immediately, in the event the closing bid price of the Shares on the Exchange is greater than $5.38 for any period of 10 consecutive trading days beginning at least 60 days after the Listing Date and the average trading volume of the Shares was greater than 100,000 Shares per day for any 60 day period following the Listing Date |
5% of the Eighth Tranche Shares Which, for greater certainty, in the event of an immediate release pursuant to (ii), is 5% of the total Shares held by the Shareholder when combined with the corresponding immediate releases in Sections 4(a), (b), (c), (d), (e), (f) and (g) |
- 12 -
|
Either: (i) 60 months after the Listing Date, or (ii) immediately, in the event the closing bid price of the Shares on the Exchange is greater than $5.38 for any period of 10 consecutive trading days beginning at least 90 days after the Listing Date and the average trading volume of the Shares was greater than 100,000 Shares per day for any 90 day period following the Listing Date |
5% of the Eighth Tranche Shares Which, for greater certainty, in the event of an immediate release pursuant to (ii), is 5% of the total Shares held by the Shareholder when combined with the corresponding immediate releases in Sections 4(a), (b), (c), (d), (e), (f) and (g) |
|
Either: (i) 60 months after the Listing Date, or (ii) immediately, in the event the closing bid price of the Shares on the Exchange is greater than $5.38 for any period of 10 consecutive trading days beginning at least 120 days after the Listing Date and the average trading volume of the Shares was greater than 100,000 Shares per day for any 120 day period following the Listing Date |
5% of the Eighth Tranche Shares Which, for greater certainty, in the event of an immediate release pursuant to (ii), is 5% of the total Shares held by the Shareholder when combined with the corresponding immediate releases in Sections 4(a), (b), (c), (d), (e), (f) and (g) |
|
Either: (i) 60 months after the Listing Date, or (ii) immediately, in the event the closing bid price of the Shares on the Exchange is greater than $5.38 for any period of 10 consecutive trading days beginning at least 150 days after the Listing Date and the average trading volume of the Shares was greater than 100,000 Shares per day for any 150 days following the Listing Date |
5% of the Eighth Tranche Shares Which, for greater certainty, in the event of an immediate release pursuant to (ii), is 5% of the total Shares held by the Shareholder when combined with the corresponding immediate releases in Sections 4(a), (b), (c), (d), (e), (f) and (g) |
5. Termination
This Agreement may be terminated upon the written agreement of all parties.
6. Reorganizations, etc.
If, during the period in which any of the Shares are retained in escrow pursuant to this Agreement, a reorganization affecting the share capital occurs, then and in each such event, the Shares shall be released and replaced by the shares of stock and other securities and property upon the terms and conditions provided in the relevant reorganization documents.
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7. Further Assurance
The parties shall, upon reasonable request and without unreasonable delay, execute and deliver any further documents or assurances and perform any acts necessary to carry out the intent and purposes of this Agreement. The Shareholder will allow a representative of the Company to inspect, at the Company's costs, the physical certificate or other instrument representing the Shares in order to ensure compliance with this Agreement during normal business hours on reasonable notice to the Shareholder provided that such inspections will not unduly impact or impede the ordinary business operations of the Shareholder.
8. Time
Time is of the essence of this Agreement.
9. Governing Laws and Venue
This Agreement shall be construed in accordance with and governed by the laws of the State of Florida applicable to contracts made and to be performed within the State of Florida. The parties attorn to the State of Florida in the event of any legal proceedings involving this Agreement.
10. Counterparts
This Agreement may be executed in any number of counterparts, each of which, when so executed and delivered, will constitute an original and all of which together will constitute one instrument. Each party hereto will be entitled to rely on delivery by facsimile or electronically delivered portable document format (PDF) of an executed copy of this Agreement and acceptance by a party of such facsimile or PDF copy will be equally effective to create a valid and binding agreement between the parties in accordance with the terms hereof.
11. Notices
All notices that may be or are required to be given pursuant to any provision of this Agreement are to be given or made in writing and served personally, delivered by courier or sent by facsimile or other electronic transmission:
(a) in the case of the Company, to:
Starfighters Space, Inc.
505 Odyssey Way, Suite 203
Kennedy Space Center, FL 32952
United States
Attention: David Whitney
Email: dwhitney@starfightersspace.com
with a copy (which shall not constitute notice) to:
McMillan LLP
Suite 1500, 1055 West Georgia
Street Vancouver, BC, V6E 4N7
Canada
- 14 -
Attention: Michael Shannon
Email: michael.shannon@mcmillan.ca
(b) in the case of the Shareholder, to the address provided above.
12. Independent Legal Advice
THE SHAREHOLDER ACKNOWLEDGES AND AGREES THAT THIS AGREEMENT HAS BEEN PREPARED BY MCMILLAN LLP, AS LEGAL COUNSEL TO THE COMPANY, AND THAT AT NO TIME HAS MCMILLAN LLP PROVIDED LEGAL ADVICE TO THE SHAREHOLDER, AND THE SHAREHOLDER HEREBY ACKNOWLEDGES AND DECLARES THAT THEY HAVE EITHER SOUGHT THE REQUISITE INDEPENDENT LEGAL ADVICE IN CONNECTION WITH THE ENTERING INTO OF THIS AGREEMENT OR HAVE WAIVED THEIR RIGHT THERETO.
13. Severability
Any provision of this Agreement which is or becomes prohibited and unenforceable does not invalidate, affect or impair the remaining provisions which shall be deemed to be severable from such prohibited or unenforceable provision.
14. Enurement
This Agreement enures to the benefit of and is binding on the parties and their heirs, executors, administrators, successors and permitted assigns.
[Signature Page Follows]
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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, this Agreement has been executed by the parties hereto on the day and year first written above.
STARFIGHTERS SPACE, INC.
Per: /s/ David Whitney
Name: David Whitney
Title: Chief Financial Officer
/s/ Rick Svetkoff________________________________
RICK SVETKOFF
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SCHEDULE "A"
POOLED SHARES
| Shareholder Name | Number of Pooled Shares |
| Richard William Svetkoff | 14,170,000 |
TRI-PARTY ESCROW AGREEMENT
This ESCROW AGREEMENT ("Agreement") is made and entered into as of July 30, 2025, by and among Starfighters Space, Inc., a Delaware Corporation (the "Company"), Digital Offering LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (the "Managing Broker-Dealer") and ENTERPRISE BANK & TRUST, a Missouri chartered trust company with banking powers (in its capacity as escrow holder, the "Escrow Agent").
RECITALS
This Agreement is being entered into in reference to the following facts:
(a) The Company intends to offer and sell to prospective investors ("Investors"), as disclosed in its offering materials, in a registered offering pursuant to the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "Securities Act"), or as exemption from registration thereunder (the "Offering"), the equity, debt, or other securities of the Company (the "Securities") with no minimum (the "Minimum") and a maximum of $40,000,000.00 (Forty Million) (the "Maximum") as described in the Company's disclosure materials and the Subscription Agreement (the "Subscription Agreement") applicable to the Offering.
(b) In connection with the Offering, the Company and Managing Broker-Dealer desire to establish an Escrow Account (as defined herein) on the terms and subject to the conditions set forth herein.
(c) For purposes of this Agreement, the term "Soliciting Dealer" refers to the Managing Broker-Dealer and any other securities dealer that may be retained by the Managing Broker-Dealer in connection with the Managing Broker-Dealer's services to the Company.
ARTICLE 1-ESCROW FUNDS
1.1 Appointment of Escrow Agent. The Company hereby appoints the Escrow Agent to act as escrow holder for the Escrow Funds (as defined below) under the terms of this Agreement. The Escrow Agent hereby accepts such appointment, subject to the terms, conditions, and limitations hereof.
1.2 Establishment of Escrow. Immediately following the Escrow Agent's execution of this Agreement, the Escrow Agent will open a non-interest bearing bank checking account with Escrow Agent (the "Escrow Account") for the purpose of receiving and holding Cash Deposits (as defined below) and the remaining portion of the Total Purchase Price (as defined below) payable by each Investor (as defined below) in connection with the Offering (the "Escrow Funds").
1.3 Escrow Funds.
(a) Each Investor or Soliciting Dealer will be instructed by the Company or its Intermediary (as defined herein) to remit to the Company, a predetermined cash deposit (the "Cash Deposit"), as indicated on the applicable Subscription Agreement (as defined below), in the form of a check, draft, wire or ACH payable to the order of "Enterprise Bank & Trust, as Escrow Agent for Starfighters Space, Inc. Following receipt by the Company of an Investor's Cash Deposit, the Company or its Intermediary will promptly: (i) send to the Escrow Agent the Investor's name, address, executed IRS Form W-9 and total purchase price to be remitted for the Securities to be purchased by the Investor (the "Total Purchase Price"), and (ii) remit to the Escrow Agent the Cash Deposit. Escrow Agent shall promptly deposit the Cash Deposit into the Escrow Account, which deposit shall occur within two (2) business days after the Escrow Agent's receipt of the Cash Deposit. For purposes of this Agreement, "Intermediary" shall mean a broker registered under Section 15(b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "Exchange Act"), or a funding portal registered under Regulation CF, 17 C.F.R. Part 227, and includes, where relevant, an associated person of the registered broker or registered funding portal. Notwithstanding the above, if the Company has retained an Intermediary, the Intermediary may instruct an Investor or Soliciting Dealer to remit the Cash Deposit amount in a method authorized by such Intermediary's portal or other website hosted by the Company or Intermediary in connection with the Offering, which may be remitted in the form of a credit card, wire, ACH payment, or other method, payable to the order of "Enterprise Bank & Trust, as Escrow Agent for Starfighters Space, Inc. as applicable. Such Cash Deposit amounts shall be paid into the Escrow Account.
(b) On or prior to the consummation of the Offering, each Investor or Soliciting Dealer may be further instructed by the Company or its Intermediary to remit directly to the Escrow Agent an amount equal to the difference between such Investor's Total Purchase Price and the amount of such Investor's Cash Deposit, in a form of payment as described in Section 1.3(a), payable to the order of "Enterprise Bank & Trust, as Escrow Agent for Starfighters Space, Inc. as applicable.
(c) Escrow Agent shall have no obligation to accept Escrow Funds or documents from any party other than the Investors, the Soliciting Dealers or the Company. Any checks that are made payable to a party other than the Escrow Agent shall be returned to the party submitting the check, and if received by the Company shall not be remitted to the Escrow Agent. Proceeds in the form of wire or other electronic funds transfers are deemed deposited into the Escrow Account and considered "Collected Funds" when received by the Escrow Agent. Any Proceeds deposited in the form of a check, draft or similar instrument are deemed deposited when the collectability thereof has been confirmed; after such time, such Proceeds are considered "Collected Funds." The Escrow Agent shall have no duty or responsibility to enforce the collection or demand payment of any funds deposited into the Escrow Account. Should any check be deemed uncollectible for any reason, the Escrow Agent will notify the Company of the amount of such return check, the name of the Investor and the reason for return and return the check to the Investor.
(d) Escrow Agent will hold all Escrow Funds in escrow, free from any liens, claims or offsets, and such monies shall not become the property of the Company, the Investor or any Soliciting Dealer, nor shall such monies become subject to the debts thereof or the debts of the Escrow Agent, unless and until the conditions set forth in these instructions to disbursement of such monies have been fully satisfied.
(e) The Escrow Funds shall be disbursed by the Escrow Agent from the Escrow Account by wire transfer or by a check payable to the appropriate payee(s) in accordance with the provisions of this Agreement.
(f) Escrow Agent shall not be required to take any action under this Section 1.3 or any other section hereof until it has received proper written instruction from both (i) an Authorized Representative of the Company or authorized representative of its Intermediary and (ii) an Authorized Representative of the Managing Broker-Dealer, delivered in compliance with all applicable laws and pursuant to the terms of this Agreement. Such written instructions shall be in the form prescribed by the applicable Exhibit and signed by all required parties. Except as otherwise expressly contemplated herein, all parties hereby direct and instruct Escrow Agent to accept any payment or other instructions provided by both (i) an Authorized Representative of the Company or authorized representative of its Intermediary and (ii) an Authorized Representative of the Managing Broker-Dealer, and Escrow Agent shall have no duty or obligation to authenticate such payment or other instructions or the authorization thereof. The Escrow Agent shall not be required to release any funds that constitute Escrow Funds unless the funds represented thereby are Collected Funds.
(g) The Company, any Intermediary, and the Managing Broker-Dealer shall conduct all aspects of the Offering in full compliance with all applicable law, including all federal and state securities laws.
1.4 Investments.
(a) All funds in the Escrow Account will be held by Escrow Agent in a non-interest bearing bank account at Escrow Agent. The Escrow Funds will not earn interest.
1.5 Cancellation of Subscriptions.
(a) The Company may reject or cancel any Investor's offer to purchase Securities (the "Subscription"), in whole or in part. If all or any portion of the Total Purchase Price for such rejected or canceled Subscription has been delivered to the Escrow Agent, then the Company or its Intermediary will inform Escrow Agent in writing of the rejection or cancellation, and instruct Escrow Agent in writing in the form of Exhibit "C" attached hereto to refund some or all of the Escrow Funds. Such instruction must be made and delivered in compliance with all applicable state and federal rules and regulations, including, but not limited to, the Securities Act and signed by an Authorized Representative of the Company or authorized representative of the Intermediary.
ARTICLE 2-DISBURSEMENT PROCEDURES
2.1 Disbursement of Proceeds. Escrow Agent shall hold and disburse the Escrow Funds in accordance with the following procedures:
(a) Subject to the provisions of Section 2.1(b) through Section 2.1(g), in the event Escrow Agent receives Collected Funds for the Minimum Offering prior to the termination of this Agreement, and for any point thereafter, and from time to time, promptly after the Escrow Agent's receipt of written instructions from both (i) an Authorized Representative of the Company or authorized representative of its Intermediary and (ii) an Authorized Representative of the Managing Broker-Dealer in the form of Exhibit "A" attached hereto, the Escrow Agent shall disburse (by wire transfer or by a check payable to the appropriate payee(s)) the principal amount of all Escrow Funds then held by Escrow Agent, or such lesser amount as may be specified in such written instructions (but not less than the amount covered by the Minimum Offering) in accordance with such written instructions, as provided from time to time. Escrow Funds shall be distributed within one (1) business day of the Escrow Agent's receipt of such written instructions, which must be received by the Escrow Agent no later than 1:00 p.m. Central Standard time on a business day for the Escrow Agent to process such instructions that business day.
(b) Escrow Agent shall continue to accept deposits of additional Escrow Funds until a date (the "Final Closing Date") which is the earlier of (i) the date on which the Escrow Agent receives written notification, signed by both (A) an Authorized Representative of the Company or an authorized representative of the Intermediary and (B) an Authorized Representative of the Managing Broker-Dealer, that the Company has accepted Subscriptions for the Maximum Offering, or (ii) the date on which the Escrow Agent receives written notification, signed by both (A) an Authorized Representative of the Company or an authorized representative of the Intermediary and (B) an Authorized Representative of the Managing Broker-Dealer, of a final closing date for receipt of Escrow Funds. Promptly from and after the Final Closing Date, the Escrow Agent shall return directly to the Investor, the principal amount of any Escrow Funds received by the Escrow Agent after the Final Closing Date and shall cease to accept any additional Escrow Funds.
(c) If both (i) an Authorized Representative of the Company or authorized representative of its Intermediary and (ii) an Authorized Representative of the Managing Broker-Dealer give written notice to the Escrow Agent of the termination or withdrawal of the Offering, in the form of Exhibit "B" attached hereto, then promptly after such notification, the Escrow Agent shall return, as a complete distribution, each Investor's Escrow Funds, without deduction, penalty, or expense, to such Investor in the same method as the Investor caused payment pursuant to Section 1.3(a); provided, however, that to the extent an Investor's Escrow Funds were received by Escrow Agent from a qualified intermediary, such funds shall be returned to such qualified intermediary. In the event of the termination of the Offering pursuant to this Section 2.1(c), the Escrow Funds shall not under any circumstance be returned to the Soliciting Dealers or the Company. The Company represents, warrants, and agrees that the Escrow Funds returned to each Investor (or to such Investor's qualified intermediary) are and shall be free and clear of any and all claims of the Company and its creditors.
(d) If an Investor is entitled to terminate its Subscription, or the Company rejects such Subscription in whole or in part, for which the Escrow Agent has received Escrow Funds, the Escrow Agent shall, upon a written instruction signed by both (i) an Authorized Representative of the Company or authorized representative of its Intermediary and (ii) an Authorized Representative of the Managing Broker-Dealer, in the form of Exhibit "C" attached hereto, promptly return directly to such Investor that portion of the Escrow Funds associated with such Investor and specified in the written instruction in the same method as the Investor caused payment pursuant to Section 1.3(a). If the Escrow Agent has not yet collected funds but has submitted the Investor's check for collection, the Escrow Agent shall promptly return the funds in the amount of the Investor's check to such Investor after such funds have been collected. If the Escrow Agent has not yet submitted such Investor's check for collection, the Escrow Agent shall promptly remit the Investor's check directly to the Investor. If applicable, any disbursement instructions shall be delivered in compliance with Regulation CF, 17 C.F.R. 227.304.
(e) If an Investor elects to remit the Total Purchase Price for such Investor's purchase of the Securities in lieu of applying the Investor's Cash Deposit to the Purchase Price, the Escrow Agent shall, upon the written request of both (i) an Authorized Representative of the Company or authorized representative of its Intermediary and (ii) an Authorized Representative of the Managing Broker-Dealer, promptly return directly to such Investor, in the same method as the Investor caused payment pursuant to Section 1.3(a), the Cash Deposit deposited in the Escrow Account on behalf of such Investor. If the Escrow Agent has not yet collected funds but has submitted the Investor's check for the Cash Deposit for collection, the Escrow Agent shall promptly return the funds in the amount of the Investor's check to such Investor after such funds have been collected. If the Escrow Agent has not yet submitted such Investor's check for collection, the Escrow Agent shall promptly remit the Investor's check directly to the Investor.
(f) If any date that is a deadline under this Agreement for giving the Escrow Agent notice or instructions or for the Escrow Agent to take action is not a business day, then such date shall be the business day that immediately precedes such date. A "business day" is any day other than a Saturday, Sunday or any other day on which banking institutions located in the state of Missouri, are authorized or obligated by law or executive order to close.
(g) Any delivery of written disbursement and other instructions by an Authorized Representative of the Company, Authorized Representative of the Managing Broker-Dealer, or an authorized representative of an Intermediary pursuant to this Article 2 shall be made in compliance with all applicable state and federal rules and regulations, including, but not limited to, the Securities Act and the Exchange Act.
ARTICLE 3- GENERAL ESCROW PROCEDURES
3.1 Accounts and Records. Escrow Agent shall keep accurate books and records of all transactions hereunder. The Company shall be responsible for maintaining accurate books and records as to owners of the beneficial interest in the Escrow. The Company and Escrow Agent shall each have reasonable access to one another's books and records concerning the Offering and the Escrow Account. Upon final disbursement of the Escrow Funds, the Escrow Agent shall deliver to the Company a complete accounting of all transactions relating to the Escrow Account.
3.2 Duties. Escrow Agent's duties and obligations hereunder shall be determined solely by the express provisions of this Agreement. Escrow Agent's duties and obligations are purely ministerial in nature, and nothing in this Agreement shall be construed to give rise to any fiduciary obligations of the Escrow Agent with respect to the Investors or to the other parties to this Agreement. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the Escrow Agent is not charged with any duties or responsibilities with respect to any documentation associated with the Offering and shall not otherwise be concerned with the terms thereof. For purposes of communications and directives, the Escrow Agent shall not accept any instructions from a Soliciting Dealer participating in the Offering. The Escrow Agent shall not be required to notify or obtain the consent, approval, authorization, or order of court or governmental body to perform its obligations under this Agreement, except as expressly provided herein. The parties agree that Escrow Agent shall not be required to expend or risk any of its own funds or otherwise incur any liability, financial or otherwise, in the performance of any of its duties hereunder.
3.3 Liability Limited. Escrow Agent shall not be liable to anyone whatsoever by any reason of error of judgment or for any act done or step taken or omitted by them in good faith or for any mistake of fact or law or for anything which they may do or refrain from doing in connection herewith unless caused by or arising out of their own gross negligence or willful misconduct. In no event shall the Escrow Agent be liable for any indirect, special, consequential damages, or punitive damages. Escrow Agent shall have no responsibility to ensure anyone's compliance with any securities laws in connection with the Offering, and Escrow Agent shall not be required to inquire as to the performance or observation of any obligation, term or condition under any other agreements or arrangements.
3.4 Fees. The Company shall pay the Escrow Agent the fees based on the fee schedule attached hereto as Exhibit "D". In addition, the Company shall be obligated to reimburse the Escrow Agent for all fees, costs and expenses incurred or that become due in connection with this Agreement or the Escrow Account, including reasonable attorneys' fees. Neither the modification, cancellation, termination or rescission of this Agreement nor the resignation or termination of the Escrow Agent shall affect the right of the Escrow Agent to retain the amount of any fee which has been paid, or to be reimbursed or paid any amount which has been incurred or becomes due, prior to the effective date of any such modification, cancellation, termination, resignation or rescission. Escrow Agent is hereby authorized by the Company to deduct from the Escrow Fund any fees not timely paid, and any unpaid fees before final distribution of the Escrow Fund to the Company in accordance with this Agreement; provided, however, that no fees shall be deducted from any amount of Escrow Funds to be returned to Investors. To the extent the Escrow Agent has incurred any such expenses, or any such fee becomes due, prior to any closing, the Escrow Agent shall advise the Company and the Company shall direct all such amounts to be paid directly at any such closing.
3.5 Exculpation. Escrow Agent's duties hereunder shall be strictly limited to the safekeeping of monies, instruments or other documents received by the Escrow Agent and any further responsibilities expressly provided in this Agreement. The Escrow Agent will not be liable for:
(a) the genuineness, sufficiency, correctness as to form, manner or execution or validity of any instrument deposited in the Escrow, nor the identity, authority or rights of any person executing the same;
(b) any misrepresentation or omission in any documentation associated with the Offering or any failure to keep or comply with any of the provisions of any agreement, contract, or other instrument referred to therein; or
(c) the failure of any Soliciting Dealer or Investor to transmit, or any delay in transmitting, any Investor's Purchase Price to the Company or Escrow Agent.
3.6 Interpleader. If (i) conflicting demands are made or notice served upon the Escrow Agent with respect to the escrow or (ii) the Escrow Agent is otherwise uncertain as to its duties or rights hereunder, then the Escrow Agent shall have the absolute right at its election to do either or both of the following:
(a) withhold and stop all further proceedings in, and performance of, this Agreement; or
(b) file a suit in interpleader and obtain an order from the court requiring the parties to litigate their several claims and rights among themselves. In the event such interpleader suit is brought, the Escrow Agent shall be fully released from any obligation to perform any further duties imposed upon it hereunder, and the Company shall pay the Escrow Agent actual costs, expenses and reasonable attorney's fees expended or incurred by Escrow Agent, the amount thereof to be fixed and a judgment thereof to be rendered by the court in such suit.
3.7 Indemnification and Contribution. The Company and the Managing Broker-Dealer (each, an "Indemnifying Party") jointly and severally agree to defend, indemnify and hold Escrow Agent and its affiliates and their respective directors, officers, agents ("Indemnified Parties") harmless from and against all costs, damages, judgments, attorneys' fees, expenses, obligations and liabilities of any kind or nature ("Damages") to the fullest extent permitted by law, from and against any Damages or liabilities related to or arising out of this Agreement which the Indemnified Parties may reasonably incur or sustain in connection with or arising out of the escrow or this Agreement and will reimburse the Indemnified Parties for all expenses (including attorneys' fees) as they are incurred by the Indemnified Parties in connection with investigating, preparing or defending any such action or claim whether or not in connection with pending or threatened litigation in which the Indemnified Parties is or are a party; provided, however, the Indemnifying Party will not be responsible for Damages or expenses which are finally judicially determined to have resulted from an Indemnified Party's gross negligence or willful misconduct. The provisions of this section shall survive the termination of this Agreement and any resignation of the Escrow Agent.
3.8 Compliance with Orders. If at any time Escrow Agent is served with any judicial or administrative order, judgment, decree, writ or other form of judicial or administrative process which in any way affects the Escrow Funds (including but not limited to orders of attachment or any other forms of levies or injunctions or stays relating to the transfer of the Escrow Funds), Escrow Agent is authorized to comply therewith in any manner as it or its legal counsel of its own choosing deems appropriate; and if Escrow Agent complies with any such judicial or administrative order, judgment, decree, writ or other form of judicial or administrative process, Escrow Agent shall not be liable to any of the parties hereto or to any other person or entity even though such order, judgment, decree, writ or process may be subsequently modified or vacated or otherwise determined to have been without legal force or effect.
3.9 Resignation.
(a) Escrow Agent may resign as escrow holder hereunder upon fourteen (14) days prior written notice to the Company and shall thereupon be fully released from any obligation to perform any further duties imposed upon it hereunder. The Company and Managing Broker-Dealer shall promptly appoint a successor escrow agent. The Escrow Agent will transfer all files and records relating to the Escrow and Escrow Account to any successor escrow holder mutually agreed to in writing by the Company and Managing Broker-Dealer upon receipt of a copy of the executed escrow instructions designating such successor. If the Company and Managing Broker-Dealer have failed to appoint a successor escrow agent prior to the expiration of fourteen (14) calendar days following the delivery of such notice of resignation from Escrow Agent, the Escrow Agent may petition any court of competent jurisdiction for the appointment of a successor escrow agent or for other appropriate relief, and any such resulting appointment shall be binding upon the Company and Managing Broker-Dealer. The Company and Managing Broker-Dealer shall be jointly and severally liable for Escrow Agent's costs and expenses including attorneys incurred in such proceeding.
(b) In the case of a resignation of the Escrow Agent, the Escrow Agent shall have no responsibility for the appointment of a successor escrow agent hereunder. The successor escrow agent appointed by the Company and Managing Broker-Dealer shall execute, acknowledge and deliver to the Escrow Agent and the other parties an instrument in writing accepting its appointment hereunder. Thereafter, the Escrow Agent shall deliver all of the then-remaining balance of the Escrow Funds, less any expenses then incurred by and unpaid to the Escrow Agent, to such successor escrow agent in accordance with the joint written direction of the Company and Managing Broker-Dealer and upon receipt of the Escrow Funds, the successor escrow agent shall be bound by all of the provisions of this Agreement.
3.10 Filings and Resolution. Concurrently or prior to the execution and delivery of this Agreement, the Company shall deliver to the Escrow Agent a copy of its certificate of formation or other charter documents, resolutions, and any other account agreements requested by Escrow Agent.
3.11 Authorized Representatives. The Company hereby identifies to Escrow Agent the officers, employees or agents designated on Schedule I attached hereto as an authorized representative (each, an "Authorized Representative") with respect to any notice, certificate, instrument, demand, request, direction, instruction, waiver, receipt, consent or other document or communication required or permitted to be furnished to Escrow Agent. Schedule I may be amended and updated by written notice to Escrow Agent. Escrow Agent shall be entitled to rely on such original or amended Schedule I with respect to any party until a new Schedule I is furnished by such party to Escrow Agent. The Managing Broker-Dealer hereby agrees that any of its officers, employees or agents shall have authority to sign any notice, certificate, instrument, demand, request, direction, instruction, waiver, receipt, consent or other document or communication required or permitted to be furnished to Escrow Agent. If applicable, the Company hereby identifies to Escrow Agent the officers, employees or agents of any Intermediary designated on Schedule I attached hereto as an authorized representative of the Intermediary with respect to any instruction or notice that such Intermediary is required or eligible to give pursuant to this Agreement, including with respect to the disbursement of Escrow Funds and other cash.
3.12 Term. The term of this Agreement shall commence as of the date first above written and shall end on the date that all funds in the Escrow Account are disbursed pursuant to this Agreement and all reporting obligations specified herein have been satisfied.
3.13 Identification Number. The Company represents and warrants that (a) its Federal tax identification number ("TIN") specified on the signature page of this Agreement underneath its signature is correct and is to be used for 1099 tax reporting purposes, and (b) it is not subject to backup withholding. The Company shall provide the Escrow Agent with the TIN and verification that the person or entity is not subject to backup withholding for any person or entity to whom interest is paid on any of the Proceeds, if applicable. Such verification may be evidenced by providing the Escrow Agent a Subscription Agreement containing appropriate language or a copy of a W-9.
3.14 Reliance. When Escrow Agent acts on any communication (including, but not limited to, communication with respect to the transfer of funds) sent by electronic transmission, Escrow Agent, absent gross negligence or willful misconduct, shall not be responsible or liable in the event such communication is not an authorized or authentic communication of the party involved or is not in the form the party involved sent or intended to send (whether due to fraud, distortion or otherwise). Escrow Agent shall not be liable for any losses, costs or expenses arising directly or indirectly from Escrow Agent's reliance upon and compliance with such instructions notwithstanding such instructions conflict or are inconsistent with a subsequent written instruction. The Company and the Managing Broker-Dealer agree to assume all risks arising out of the use of such electronic transmission to submit instructions and directions to Escrow Agent, including without limitation the risk of Escrow Agent acting on unauthorized instructions, and the risk or interception and misuse by third parties.
3.15 Force Majeure. Escrow Agent shall not incur liability for not performing any act or not fulfilling any duty, obligation or responsibility hereunder by reason of any occurrence beyond the control of Escrow Agent (including but not limited to any act or provision of any present or future law or regulation or governmental authority, pandemic or public health emergency, any act of God or war, terrorism or the unavailability of the Federal Reserve Bank or other wire or communication facility).
ARTICLE 4- GENERAL PROVISIONS
4.1 Notice. Any notice, request, demand or other communication provided for hereunder to be given shall be in writing and shall be delivered personally, by certified mail, return receipt requested, postage prepaid, or by transmission by a telecommunications device, and shall be effective (a) on the day when personally served, including delivery by overnight mail and courier service, (b) on the third business day after its deposit in the United States mail, and (c) on the business day of confirmed transmission by telecommunications device. The addresses of the parties hereto (until notice of a change thereof is served as provided in this Section 4.1) shall be as follows:
| To the Managing Broker-Dealer: Digital Offering LLC 1461 Glenneyre Street Suite D Laguna Beach, CA 92651 Attn: William Gordon McBean 949-300-2240 gmcbean@digitaloffering.com |
To the Company: Starfighters Space, Inc. Reusable Launch Vehicle Hangar, Hangar Rd Cape Canaveral, FL, 32920 Attn: David Whitney 236-788-9974 Dwhitney@starfightersspace.com |
| To the Escrow Agent: Enterprise Bank & Trust Attn: Specialty Banking Group 1281 N. Warson St. Louis, Missouri 63132 sbg@enterprisebank.com with a copy to: Legal Department via email legaltracking@enterprisebank.com |
4.2 Amendments. Except as otherwise permitted herein, this Agreement may be modified only by a written amendment signed by the parties hereto, and no waiver of any provision hereof will be effective unless expressed in a writing signed by the parties hereto.
4.3 Wiring Instructions. In the event fund transfer instructions are given, such instructions must be communicated to Escrow Agent in writing delivered pursuant to Section 4.1. Escrow Agent shall seek confirmation of such instructions by telephone call-back to an Authorized Representative (in the case of the Company), authorized representative of the Intermediary, or other authorized person, and Escrow Agent may rely upon the confirmations of anyone purporting to be the Authorized Representative of the Company, authorized representative of the Intermediary, or other authorized person so designated. Escrow Agent and the beneficiary's bank in any funds transfer may rely solely upon any account numbers or similar identifying numbers provided by the Company or the Intermediary to identify (i) the beneficiary, (ii) the beneficiary's bank, or (iii) an intermediary bank. Escrow Agent may apply any of the Escrow Funds for any payment order it executes using any such identifying number, even when its use may result in a person other than the beneficiary being paid, or the transfer of funds to a bank other than the beneficiary's bank or an intermediary bank designated. The parties to this Agreement acknowledge that such security procedure is commercially reasonable.
4.4 Notifications.
(a) The Escrow Agent may, but need not, honor and follow instructions, amendments or other orders ("orders") which shall be provided by telephone facsimile transmission ("faxed") to the Escrow Agent in connection with this Agreement and may act thereon without further inquiry and regardless of whom or by what means the actual or purported signature of the Company may have been affixed thereto if such signature in Escrow Agent's sole judgment resembles the signature of the Company. The Company indemnifies and holds the Escrow Agent free and harmless from any and all liability, suits, claims or causes of action which may arise from loss or claim of loss resulting from any forged, improper, wrongful or unauthorized faxed order. The Company shall pay all actual attorney fees and costs reasonably incurred by the Escrow Agent (or allocable to its in-house counsel), in connection with said claim(s).
(b) Furthermore, all parties hereby agree that all current and future notices, confirmations and other communications regarding this Agreement specifically, and future communications in general between the parties, may be made by email, sent to the email address of record as set forth above or, solely with regards to business in the normal course, as otherwise from time to time changed or updated, directly by the party changing such information, without necessity of confirmation of receipt, delivery or reading, and such form of electronic communication is sufficient for all matters regarding the relationship between the parties. If any such electronically-sent communication fails to be received for any reason, including but not limited to such communications being diverted to the recipients' spam filters by the recipients email service provider or technology, or due to a recipients' change of address, or due to technology issues by the recipients' service provider, the parties agree that the burden of such failure to receive is on the recipient and not the sender, and that the sender is under no obligation to resend communications via any other means, including but not limited to postal service or overnight courier, and that such communications shall for all purposes, including legal and regulatory, be deemed to have been delivered and received.
(c) The Company is responsible for the accuracy and completeness of all communications given by it including those given pursuant to electronic means, including but not limited to email, internet, facsimile or text. Escrow Agent shall not be responsible for any interruption in such communication services and the Company shall be responsible for security of all such services.
4.5 Assignment. Except as permitted in this Section 4.5, neither this Agreement nor any rights or obligations hereunder may be assigned by any party hereto without the express written consent of each of the other parties hereto. This Agreement shall inure to and be binding upon the parties hereto and their respective successors, heirs and permitted assigns. Any corporation into which Escrow Agent may be merged or converted or with which it may be consolidated, or any corporation resulting from any merger, conversion or consolidation to which Escrow Agent will be a party, or any corporation succeeding to all or substantially all the business of Escrow Agent will be the successor of Escrow Agent hereunder without the execution or filing of any paper with any party hereto or any further act on the part of any of the parties hereto except where an instrument of transfer or assignment is required by law to effect such succession, anything herein to the contrary notwithstanding.
4.6 USA PATRIOT Act. The Company shall provide to Escrow Agent such information as Escrow Agent may reasonably require to permit Escrow Agent to comply with its obligations under the federal USA PATRIOT Act (Uniting and Strengthening America by Providing Appropriate Tools Required to Intercept and Obstruct Terrorism Act of 2001). Escrow Agent shall not make any payment of all or a portion of the Escrow Fund, to any person unless and until such person has provided to Escrow Agent such documents as Escrow Agent may require to permit Escrow Agent to comply with its obligations under such Act. Further, Company represents and warrants to Escrow Agent that if it is a hedge fund, it will promptly notify Escrow Agent and enter into any agreement or provide any documentation requested by Escrow Agent.
4.7 Termination. This Agreement shall terminate when all the Escrow Funds have been disbursed or returned in accordance with the provisions of this Agreement.
4.8 Time of Essence. Time is of the essence of these and all additional or changed instructions.
4.9 Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in counterparts, each of which so executed shall, irrespective of the date of its execution and delivery, be deemed an original, and said counterparts together shall constitute one and the same instrument.
4.10 Governing Law and Jurisdiction. This Agreement shall be governed by, and shall be construed according to, the laws of the State of Missouri. The parties hereby irrevocably submit to the exclusive jurisdiction of the state courts of St. Louis County, Missouri or, if proper subject matter jurisdiction exists, the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Missouri, in any action or proceeding arising out of or relating to this Agreement. Each party hereto further irrevocably consents to the service of any complaint, summons, notice or other process relating to any such action or proceeding by delivery thereof to it by hand or by registered or certified mail, return receipt requested, in the manner provided for herein. Each party hereto hereby expressly and irrevocably waives any claim or defense in any such action or proceeding based on improper venue or forum non conveniens or any similar basis.
4.11 Waiver of Jury Trial. TO THE EXTENT NOT PROHIBITED BY APPLICABLE LAW THAT CANNOT BE WAIVED, EACH PARTY HEREBY EXPRESSLY, INTENTIONALLY, AND DELIBERATELY WAIVES, AND COVENANTS THAT IT WILL NOT ASSERT (WHETHER AS PLAINTIFF, DEFENDANT OR OTHERWISE), ANY RIGHT TO TRIAL BY JURY IN ANY FORUM IN RESPECT OF ANY ISSUE, CLAIM, DEMAND, ACTION OR CAUSE OF ACTION ARISING IN WHOLE OR IN PART UNDER, RELATED TO, BASED ON OR IN CONNECTION WITH THIS AGREEMENT OR THE SUBJECT MATTER HEREOF, WHETHER NOW EXISTING OR HEREAFTER ARISING AND WHETHER SOUNDING IN TORT OR CONTRACT OR OTHERWISE (EACH, A "CLAIM"). ANY PARTY HERETO MAY FILE AN ORIGINAL COUNTERPART OR A COPY OF THIS SECTION 4.11 WITH ANY COURT AS WRITTEN EVIDENCE OF THE CONSENT OF EACH SUCH PARTY TO THE WAIVER OF ITS RIGHT TO TRIAL BY JURY. In the event that the waiver of jury trial set forth in the previous sentence is not enforceable under the law applicable to this Agreement, the parties to this Agreement agree that any Claim, including any question of law or fact relating thereto, shall, at the written request of any party, be determined by judicial reference pursuant to Missouri law. The parties shall select a single neutral referee, who shall be a retired state or federal judge. In the event that the parties cannot agree upon a referee, the court shall appoint the referee. The referee shall report a statement of decision to the court. Nothing in this paragraph shall limit the right of any party at any time to exercise self-help remedies, foreclose against collateral or obtain provisional remedies. The parties shall bear the fees and expenses of the referee equally, unless the referee orders otherwise. The referee shall also determine all issues relating to the applicability, interpretation, and enforceability of this paragraph. The parties acknowledge that if a referee is selected to determine the Claims, then the Claims will not be decided by a jury.
4.12 Use of Name. The Company and the Managing Broker-Dealer will not make any reference to Enterprise Bank & Trust in connection with the Offering except with respect to its role as Escrow Agent hereunder, and in no event will the Company or the Managing Broker-Dealer state or imply the Escrow Agent has investigated or endorsed the Offering in any manner whatsoever.
[SIGNATURE PAGE FOLLOWS]
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties have executed this Agreement pursuant to due authority as of the date set forth above.
| Company: Starfighters Space, Inc., a Delaware Corporation EIN; 92-1012803 |
|
| By: /s/ David Whitney_________________ | |
| Name: David Whitney | |
| Its: CFO | |
| Managing Broker-Dealer: | |
| Digital Offering LLC, a Delaware limited liability company EIN; 46-0619588 |
|
| By: /s/ William Gordon McBean________ | |
| Name: William Gordon McBean | |
| Its: CEO | |
| Escrow Agent: | |
| Enterprise Bank & Trust | |
| By: /s/ Ernesto Maldonado____________ | |
| Name: Ernesto Maldonado | |
| Its: SVP, Specialty Escrow Officer |
EXHIBIT A
DISBURSEMENT NOTICE
DISBURSEMENT OF OFFERING PROCEEDS
To the Escrow Agent:
Enterprise Bank & Trust
Attn: Specialty Banking Group
1281 N. Warson
St. Louis, Missouri 63132
[DATE]
Re: Escrow Account No. SS-12803
Dear Escrow Agent:
1. Reference is made to that certain Escrow Agreement dated as of July 30, 2025 (the "Escrow Agreement") by and among Starfighters Space, Inc., a Delaware Corporation (the "Company"), Digital Offering LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (the "Managing Broker-Dealer") and ENTERPRISE BANK & TRUST (in its capacity as escrow holder, the "Escrow Agent"). All terms used but not defined herein shall have the respective meanings given such terms in the Escrow Agreement.
2. The Company hereby certifies that the Company has received and accepted subscriptions.
3. You are hereby directed to disburse Escrow Funds in the amount of $_____________ to the Company as follows: ________________________________________________
[SIGNATURE PAGE FOLLOWS]
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned has executed this statement as of the date first hereinabove set forth.
| Company: Starfighters Space, Inc., a Delaware Corporation EIN; 92-1012803 |
|
| By: /s/ David Whitney_________________ | |
| Name: David Whitney | |
| Its: CFO | |
| Managing Broker-Dealer: | |
| Digital Offering LLC, a Delaware limited liability company EIN; 46-0619588 |
|
| By: /s/ William Gordon McBean________ | |
| Name: William Gordon McBean | |
| Its: CEO | |
| Escrow Agent: | |
| Enterprise Bank & Trust | |
| By: /s/ Ernesto Maldonado____________ | |
| Name: Ernesto Maldonado | |
| Its: SVP, Specialty Escrow Officer |
EXHIBIT B
DISBURSEMENT NOTICE TERMINATION
To the Escrow Agent:
Enterprise Bank & Trust
Attn: Specialty Banking Group
1281 N. Warson
St. Louis, Missouri 63132
[DATE]
Re: Escrow Account No. SS-12803
Dear Escrow Agent:
1. Reference is made to that certain Escrow Agreement dated as of July 30, 2025 (the "Escrow Agreement") by and among Starfighters Space, Inc., a Delaware Corporation (the "Company"), Digital Offering LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (the "Managing Broker-Dealer") and ENTERPRISE BANK & TRUST (in its capacity as escrow holder, the "Escrow Agent"). All terms used but not defined herein shall have the respective meanings given such terms in the Escrow Agreement.
2. The Company has terminated the Offering prior to the disbursement of offering proceeds pursuant to Section 2.1(c) of the Escrow Agreement.
3. You are hereby directed to disburse the Escrow Funds to Investors as follows:
[SIGNATURE PAGE FOLLOWS]
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned has executed this statement as of the date first hereinabove set forth.
| Company: Starfighters Space, Inc., a Delaware Corporation EIN; 92-1012803 |
|
| By: _______________________________ | |
| Name: David Whitney | |
| Its: CFO | |
| Managing Broker-Dealer: | |
| Digital Offering LLC, a Delaware limited liability company EIN; 46-0619588 |
|
| By: _______________________________ | |
| Name: William Gordon McBean | |
| Its: CEO | |
| Escrow Agent: | |
| Enterprise Bank & Trust | |
| By: _______________________________ | |
| Name: Ernesto Maldonado | |
| Its: SVP, Specialty Escrow Officer |
EXHIBIT C
DISBURSEMENT NOTICE CANCELLATION OF SUBSCRIPTION
To the Escrow Agent:
Enterprise Bank & Trust
Attn: Specialty Banking Group
1281 N. Warson
St. Louis, Missouri 63132
[DATE]
Re: Escrow Account No. SS-12803
Dear Escrow Agent:
1. 1. Reference is made to that certain Escrow Agreement dated as of July 30, 2025 (the "Escrow Agreement") by and among Starfighters Space, Inc., a Delaware Corporation (the "Company"), Digital Offering LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (the "Managing Broker-Dealer") and ENTERPRISE BANK & TRUST (in its capacity as escrow holder, the "Escrow Agent"). All terms used but not defined herein shall have the respective meanings given such terms in the Escrow Agreement.
2. The Investor has terminated Investor's Subscription or the Company has rejected Investor's Subscription, in whole or in part, prior to the disbursement of offering proceeds pursuant to Section 2.1(d) of the Escrow Agreement and, if applicable, in compliance with Regulation CF, 17 C.F.R. 227.304.
3. You are hereby directed to disburse the Escrow Funds to the Investor as follows: ________________________
[SIGNATURE PAGE FOLLOWS]
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned has executed this statement as of the date first hereinabove set forth.
| Company: Starfighters Space, Inc., a Delaware Corporation EIN; 92-1012803 |
|
| By: _______________________________ | |
| Name: David Whitney | |
| Its: CFO | |
| Managing Broker-Dealer: | |
| Digital Offering LLC, a Delaware limited liability company EIN; 46-0619588 |
|
| By: _______________________________ | |
| Name: William Gordon McBean | |
| Its: CEO | |
| Escrow Agent: | |
| Enterprise Bank & Trust | |
| By: _______________________________ | |
| Name: Ernesto Maldonado | |
| Its: SVP, Specialty Escrow Officer |
EXHIBIT D
ESCROW AGENT SCHEDULE OF FEES
Escrow Account Servicing Fee (Annually): $1,000.00
Tax Reporting: $10.00/per 1099 filing
Outgoing Domestic Wire $25.00 per wire
Incoming Domestic Wire $12.50 per wire
International Wire $45.00 per wire
Escrow Repaper $500.00
Additional Disbursements $100.00 per disbursement
Demand Statements $6.00 per statement
*Escrow fees due upon account opening. Disbursement fees may apply
The Escrow Account Servicing Fee, if not paid at the time of final disbursement of the funds, may debited by Escrow Agent from the balance remaining in the Escrow Account upon final disbursement of the funds to the Company in accordance with the Agreement.
SCHEDULE I
ESCROW ACCOUNT SIGNING AUTHORITY
Authorized Representative(s) of Company
The undersigned certifies that each of the individuals listed below is an authorized representative of the Company with respect to any instruction or other action to be taken in connection with the Escrow Agreement and Enterprise Bank & Trust shall be entitled to rely on such list until a new list is furnished to Enterprise Bank & Trust.
| Signature: _____________________________ Print Name: ___________________________ Title: ________________________________ Phone: _______________________________ Email: _______________________________ |
Signature: _____________________________ Print Name: ___________________________ Title: ________________________________ Phone: _______________________________ Email: _______________________________ |
The undersigned further certifies that he or she is duly authorized to sign this Escrow Account Signing Authority.
Signature: _________________________ **
Name: [_________]
Its: [_________]
Date: [_________]
**To be signed by corporate secretary/assistant secretary. When the secretary is among those authorized above, the president must sign in the additional signature space provided below. For entities other than corporations, an authorized signatory not signing above should sign this Escrow Account Signing Authority.
(Additional signature, if required)`
Signature: _________________________
Name:
Its:
Date:
If Company is using an Intermediary, (as defined by Regulation CF, 17 C.F.R. Part 227), the following shall be authorized representatives of the Intermediary:
| Signature: _____________________________ Print Name: ___________________________ Title: ________________________________ Phone: _______________________________ Email: _______________________________ |
Signature: _____________________________ Print Name: ___________________________ Title: ________________________________ Phone: _______________________________ Email: _______________________________ |

INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM'S CONSENT
We consent to the reference to our firm under the caption "Experts" in the Post Qualification Amendment No. 1 to the Offering Statement (Form 1-A) and the use therein of our report dated April 30, 2025 relating to the audited consolidated financial statements of Starfighters Space, Inc. for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, which is part of this Post Qualification Amendment No. 1 to the Offering Statement. Our report contains an explanatory paragraph regarding Starfighters Space, Inc.'s ability to continue as a going concern.
/s/ Adeptus Partners, LLC
Adeptus Partners, LLC
Ocean, New Jersey
August 26, 2025

August 26, 2025
Starfighters Space, Inc.
1609 Jasmine Avenue
Tarpon Springs, Florida 34689
Ladies and Gentlemen:
We are acting as special Delaware counsel to Starfighters Space, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the "Company"), in connection with the Post-Qualification Amendment No. 1 to the Company's Offering Statement on Form 1-A, dated on or about the date hereof (the "PQA"), which amends the Offering Circular, dated September 6, 2024 (as so amended, the "Offering Circular"), contained in the Offering Statement on Form 1-A qualified by the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "SEC") on September 6, 2024, under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "Securities Act"), pursuant to which the Company will continue its Tier 2 offering (the "Offering") under Regulation A under the Securities Act in which it is offering for sale up to a maximum of 11,142,061 shares (the "Shares") of Common Stock, par value $0.00001 per share (the "Common Stock"), of the Company to investors or registered broker dealers on the terms and conditions set forth in the Offering Circular and the subscription agreements to be entered into between the Company and each purchaser of Shares in the Offering in the forms attached as Exhibit 4.1 and Exhibit 4.2 to the PQA of which the Offering Circular forms a part (the "Subscription Agreements"). The Company has engaged Digital Offering LLC, a FINRA and SEC registered broker-dealer ("Digital Offering") to act as lead selling agent with respect to the Offering, and as compensation for such services, the Company has agreed, pursuant to an engagement letter agreement between the Company and Digital Offering, dated October 27, 2023, as amended by the First Amendment to Engagement Agreement between the Company and Digital Offering, dated June 11, 2024, and the Second Amendment to Engagement Agreement between the Company and Digital Offering, dated August 7, 2025 (as so amended, the "Engagement Agreement"), to pay a cash commission of 7.5% to Digital Offering on sales of the remaining Shares in the Offering and to issue to Digital Offering up to a maximum of 111,420 warrants (the "Agent Warrants"), as evidenced by a warrant certificate (the "Agent Warrant Certificate"), pursuant to which Digital Offering will be entitled to, upon exercise of such Agent Warrants, purchase one share of Common Stock for each Agent Warrant exercised for up to a maximum of 111,420 shares of Common Stock (the "Agent Warrant Shares"). In this connection, you have requested our opinion as to certain matters under the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware (the "General Corporation Law").

Starfighters Space, Inc.
August 26, 2025
Page 2
For the purpose of rendering our opinion as expressed herein, we have been furnished and have reviewed the following documents:
(i) the Certificate of Incorporation of the Company, as filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware (the "Secretary of State") on September 6, 2022 (the "Certificate of Incorporation");
(ii) the Bylaws of the Company, as adopted on September 6, 2022, as amended by the Amended and Restated Bylaws of the Company, dated August 12, 2025;
(iii) the Offering Circular;
(iv) the PQA;
(v) the forms of Subscription Agreement;
(vi) the form of Agent Warrant Certificate;
(vii) the Engagement Agreement (together with the Offering Circular, the forms of Subscription Agreement and the form of Agent Warrant Certificate, the "Transaction Documents");
(viii) a certificate of an officer of the Company (including the resolutions (the "Board Resolutions") of the board of directors of the Company (the "Board") and the other documents and materials attached thereto and certified therein), dated the date hereof, as to certain matters (the "Officer's Certificate"); and
(ix) a certificate of the Secretary of State, dated on or about the date hereof, as to the good standing of the Company.
With respect to the foregoing documents, we have assumed: (a) the genuineness of all signatures, and the incumbency, authority, legal right and power and legal capacity under all applicable laws and regulations of each of the officers and other persons and entities signing or whose signatures appear upon each of said documents as or on behalf of the parties thereto; (b) the authenticity of all documents submitted to us as originals; (c) the conformity to authentic originals of all documents submitted to us as certified, conformed, photostatic, electronic or other copies; (d) that the foregoing documents, in the forms submitted to us for our review, have not been and will not be altered or amended in any respect material to our opinion as expressed herein; and (e) all documents submitted to us as forms will be duly completed in a manner consistent with the opinion stated herein. For purposes of this opinion, we have not reviewed any documents other than the documents listed in paragraphs (i) through (viii) above. In particular, we have not reviewed any document (other than the documents listed in paragraphs (i) through (ix) above) that is referred to in or incorporated by reference into the documents reviewed by us. We have assumed and have not verified the accuracy as to the factual matters of the documents we have reviewed, including the factual matters set forth in the Officer's Certificate. Our knowledge of the Company and its legal and other affairs is limited by the scope of our engagement, which scope includes the delivery of this opinion letter. We do not represent the Company with respect to all legal matters or issues. The Company employs other independent counsel and, to our knowledge, handles certain legal matters and issues without the assistance of independent counsel. We have not participated in the preparation of the Offering Circular and assume no responsibility for its contents, other than this opinion.
Starfighters Space, Inc.
August 26, 2025
Page 3
For purposes of this opinion, we have assumed: (i) that each of the Shares issued in the Offering are issued to a purchaser pursuant to a Subscription Agreement with the Company duly executed, delivered and entered into by the Company and such purchaser, which Subscription Agreement constitutes a legal, valid and binding obligation of the Company and such purchaser, enforceable against the Company and such purchaser in accordance with its terms; (ii) that each of the Shares issued in the Offering has been or will be offered, issued, sold, delivered to and paid for by the purchaser therefor in the Offering in accordance with the terms of such Subscription Agreement between the Company and such purchaser, the Board Resolutions and the Offering Circular; (iii) that prior to or contemporaneous with the issuance of any Shares, the Company shall have received the purchase price therefor specified in the Board Resolutions, Subscription Agreement and Offering Circular; (iv) that, except to the extent opined to in opinion paragraph 3 below, each of the Transaction Documents constitutes, or will constitute at all relevant times, as applicable, a legal, valid and binding obligation of each of the parties thereto, enforceable against each such party in accordance with its terms; (v) that there is a reasonable basis for the choice of the laws of the State of Delaware to govern the Agent Warrants and that the application of the laws of the State of Delaware to the Agent Warrants would not be contrary to a fundamental policy of a jurisdiction (other than the State of Delaware) (a) the law of which would be applicable to the Agent Warrants in the absence of an effective choice of other law thereunder and (b) which has a materially greater interest than the State of Delaware in the determination of a particular issue relating to the Agent Warrants; (vi) that each of the Agent Warrant Shares issued under the Agent Warrants will be issued in accordance with the terms of the Agent Warrant Certificate, the Board Resolutions, the Engagement Agreement and the Offering Circular; (vii) that, prior to or contemporaneous with the issuance of any Agent Warrants or Agent Warrant Shares upon the exercise of such Agent Warrants, the Company shall have received the consideration therefor specified in the Engagement Agreement or the Agent Warrant Certificate; (viii) that as of the time of each issuance of Shares and Agent Warrant Shares, such Shares and Agent Warrant Shares are duly registered and the issuance thereof is duly recorded in the stock ledger of the Company; (ix) that upon the issuance of any Shares or Agent Warrant Shares pursuant to the Offering or the Agent Warrants (a) one or more stock certificates representing such Shares or Agent Warrant Shares containing all legends required by Section 151(f) of the General Corporation Law have been or will be duly executed and delivered by the officers of the Company entitled to execute stock certificates to reflect the issuance of such Shares or (b) if such Shares or Agent Warrant Shares are uncertificated pursuant to a duly adopted Board resolution, a duly authorized officer of the Company will timely deliver to the record holders of such Shares the notice required by Section 151(f) of the General Corporation Law including any notices or legends required by Section 202 of the General Corporation Law; (x) that no person or entity acquiring Shares pursuant to the Offering, receiving Agent Warrants pursuant to the Engagement Agreement or receiving Agent Warrant Shares upon the exercise of the Agent Warrants is an "interested stockholder" of the Company within the meaning of Section 203 of the General Corporation Law; and (xi) that the Exercise Price (as such term is defined and used in the Agent Warrant Certificate), as may be adjusted from time to time, of the Agent Warrants will never be less than the par value of the Agent Warrant Shares issuable upon the exercise of the Agent Warrants for payment of the Exercise Price.
Starfighters Space, Inc.
August 26, 2025
Page 4
Based upon the foregoing, and upon our examination of such matters of law as we have considered necessary or appropriate, and subject to the assumptions, qualifications, limitations and exceptions set forth herein, we are of the opinion that:
1. The Shares have been duly authorized for issuance and, when issued, delivered and paid for in accordance with the applicable Subscription Agreement, Board Resolutions and Offering Circular, will be validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable under the General Corporation Law.
2. The Agent Warrants, when issued pursuant to the Offering Circular and Engagement Agreement, will be duly authorized on behalf of the Company under the General Corporation Law, the Certificate of Incorporation and the Bylaws.
3. Each of the Agent Warrants, when issued pursuant to the Offering Circular and Engagement Agreement, will constitute legal, valid and binding obligations of the Company, enforceable against the Company in accordance with the terms of the Agent Warrant Certificate.
4. The Agent Warrant Shares issuable upon the exercise of the Agent Warrants have been duly authorized for issuance and, when issued upon the exercise of the Agent Warrants in accordance with the terms of the Agent Warrant Certificate, will be validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable under the General Corporation Law.
The foregoing opinion is subject to the following exceptions, limitations and qualifications:
A. We are admitted to practice law in the State of Delaware and do not hold ourselves out as being experts on the law of any other jurisdiction. The foregoing opinion is limited to the laws of the State of Delaware currently in effect, and we have not considered and express no opinion on the effect of any other laws or the laws of any other state or jurisdiction, including state or federal laws relating to securities or other federal laws, or the rules and regulations of stock exchanges or of any other regulatory body. In addition, we have not considered and express no opinion as to the applicability of or any compliance with the Delaware Securities Act, 6 Del. C. § 73-101 et seq., or any rules or regulations promulgated thereunder.
B. Our opinion as set forth in opinion paragraph 3 above as to the obligations of the Company under the Agent Warrants is subject to (i) applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, fraudulent transfer and conveyance, moratorium, reorganization, receivership and similar laws relating to or affecting the enforcement of the rights and remedies of creditors generally, (ii) principles of equity, including principles of commercial reasonableness, good faith and fair dealing and the applicable law relating to fiduciary duties (regardless of whether considered and applied in a proceeding in equity or at law) and (iii) the discretion of the court before which any proceeding in respect of the Agent Warrants or any action or determination thereunder or any transaction contemplated thereby may be brought.
Starfighters Space, Inc.
August 26, 2025
Page 5
C. Our opinion as set forth above does not encompass any agreement or document referred to, annexed or attached to or incorporated by reference into the Transaction Documents.
This opinion speaks only as of the date hereof, and we shall have no obligation to update this opinion in any respect after the date hereof, including with respect to changes in law occurring on or after the date hereof.
We hereby consent to your filing of this opinion as Exhibit 12.1 to the Offering Circular. In giving the foregoing consent, we do not thereby admit that we come within the category of persons whose consent is required under Section 7 of the Securities Act or the rules and regulations of the SEC thereunder.
Very truly yours,
/s/ Richards, Layton & Finger, P.A.
RBG

STARFIGHTERS SPACE, INC.
(the "Corporation")
Audit Committee Charter
Objectives
The Corporation's Audit Committee (the "Audit Committee") will assist the Corporation's Board of Directors (the "Board of Directors") in fulfilling its oversight responsibilities for:
1. the system of internal control over financial reporting;
2. the audit process;
3. compliance with legal and regulatory requirements; and
4. the processes for identifying, evaluating and managing the company's principal risks impacting financial reporting.
Membership
The Board of Directors shall appoint annually from among its members an Audit Committee to hold office for the ensuing year or until their successors are elected or appointed (each, a "Member" of the Audit Committee).
The Audit Committee shall be composed of at least three directors, and not more than five directors, each of whom must be: (i) an "independent director" as defined under Section 803(A)(2) of the NYSE American Company Guide; (ii) meet the criteria for independence set forth in Rule 10A-3(b)(1) under the United States Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "Exchange Act") (subject to the exemptions provided in Rule 10A-3(c) under the Exchange Act); (iii) not have participated in the preparation of the financial statements of the Corporation or any current subsidiary of the Corporation at any time during the past three years; and (iv) be able to read and understand fundamental financial statements, including the Corporation's balance sheet, income statement, and cash flow statement. Additionally, one Member of the Audit Committee must have past employment experience in finance or accounting, requisite professional certification in accounting, or any other comparable experience or background which results in the individual's financial sophistication, including being or having been a chief executive officer, chief financial officer or other senior officer with financial oversight responsibilities. If the Corporation satisfies the definition of Smaller Reporting Company as set forth in the Exchange Act Rule 12b-2, then the Corporation is only required to maintain an Audit Committee of at least two directors who meet the independence requirements of Exchange Act Rule 10A-3.
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The Board of Directors may from time to time designate one of the Members of the Audit Committee to be the Audit Committee Chair and, unless otherwise determined by the Board of Directors, the Secretary of the Corporation shall be the Secretary of the Audit Committee.
Meetings and Participation
The Audit Committee shall meet at least once per quarter, or more frequently as circumstances dictate. Any Member of the Audit Committee or the external auditor may call a meeting of the Audit Committee. The Corporation's auditors shall be provided notice of all meetings of the Audit Committee and be entitled to attend and be heard thereat.
Meeting agendas will be prepared and provided in advance to Members, along with appropriate briefing materials. The agenda will be set by the Audit Committee Chair in consultation with other Members of the Audit Committee, the Board of Directors and senior management of the Corporation.
No business may be transacted by the Audit Committee except at a meeting of its Members at which a quorum of the Audit Committee is present. A quorum for meetings of the Audit Committee is a majority of its Members.
The Audit Committee shall keep minutes of its meetings in which shall be recorded all action taken by it, which minutes shall be approved by Audit Committee Members and available as soon as possible to the Board of Directors.
Duties, Powers, and Responsibilities
The Audit Committee is hereby delegated the following duties and powers, without limiting these duties and powers, the Audit Committee shall:
(a) Financial Reporting
Review and recommend for approval to the Board of Directors the Corporation's annual and quarterly financial statements (individually and collectively, the "Financial Statements"), accounting policies that affect the Financial Statements, annual MD&A and associated press release.
Review the Corporation's Annual Report for consistency with the financial disclosure referenced in the annual Financial Statements.
Be satisfied as to the adequacy of procedures in place for the review of the Corporation's public disclosure of financial information extracted or derived from annual or quarterly Financial Statements and periodically assess the adequacy of such procedures.
Review and approve quarterly Financial Statements, accounting policies that affect the Financial Statements, the quarterly MD&A and the associated press release.
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Review significant issues affecting financial reports.
Review emerging Auditing Standards as issued by the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board and the United States Securities and Exchange Commission; and developments that could affect the Corporation.
Understand how management develops interim financial information and the nature and extent of external audit involvement.
In review of the annual and quarterly Financial Statements, discuss the quality of the Corporation's accounting principles, the reasonableness of significant judgments and the clarity of the disclosures in the Financial Statements.
Review and approve any earnings guidance to be provided by the Corporation.
(b) Internal and Disclosure Controls
Consider the effectiveness of the Corporation's internal controls over financial reporting and related information technology security and control.
Review and approve corporate signing authorities and modifications thereto.
Review with the auditors any issues or concerns related to any internal control systems in the process of the audit.
Review the plan and scope of the annual audit with respect to planned reliance and testing of controls and major points contained in the auditor's management letter resulting from control evaluation and testing.
Establish and maintain complaint procedures regarding accounting, internal accounting controls or auditing matters and the confidential anonymous submission by employees of concerns regarding questionable accounting or auditing matters. Such procedures are appended hereto as Appendix A.
Review with management, external auditors and legal counsel any material litigation claims or other contingencies, including tax assessments, and adequacy of financial provisions, that could materially affect financial reporting.
Review with the Corporation's Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer the Corporation's disclosure controls and procedures, including any significant deficiencies in, or material non-compliance with, such controls and procedures.
Discuss with the Corporation's Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer all elements of certification required pursuant to Exchange Act Rule 13a-14(a) and 13a-14(b).
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(c) External Audit
Oversee the work of the external auditor engaged for the purpose of preparing or issuing an auditor's report or performing such other audit, review or attest services for the Corporation, including the resolution of disagreements between management and the external auditor regarding financial reporting.
Review and approve the audit plans, scope and proposed audit fees.
Annually review the independence of the external auditors by receiving a report from the independent auditor detailing all relationships between them and the Corporation.
Discuss with the auditors the results of the audit, any changes in accounting policies or practices and their impact on the financials, as well as any items that might significantly impact financial results.
Receive a report from the auditors on critical accounting policies and practices to be used, all alternative treatments of financial information within US GAAP and GAAS that have been discussed with management, including the ramifications of the use of such alternative treatments, and the treatment preferred by the auditor.
Receive an annual report from the auditors describing the audit firm's internal quality-control procedures, and material issues raised by the most recent internal quality-control review, or peer review, of the firm, or by any inquiry or investigation by governmental or professional authorities, within the preceding five years, respecting one or more audits carried out the firm, and any steps taken to deal with any such issues.
Ensure regular rotation of the lead partner and reviewing partner.
Evaluate the performance of the external auditor and the lead partner annually.
Recommend to the Board of Directors (i) the external auditor to be nominated for the purpose of preparing or issuing an auditor's report or performing other audit, review or attest services for the Corporation and (ii) the compensation of the external auditor.
Separately meet with the auditors, apart from management, at least once a year.
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(d) Non-Audit Services
(e) Risk Management
Review and monitor the processes in place to identify and manage the principal risks that could impact the financial reporting of the Corporation.
Review, oversee and monitor cybersecurity and other information technology risks, including the Corporation's protection programs, procedures, and policies to mitigate cybersecurity risks and respond to data breaches.
Make recommendations to the Board concerning the adequacy and effectiveness of the Corporation's cybersecurity, information and technology security, and data protection programs, procedures, and policies.
Ensure that directors' and officers' liability insurance is in place.
Review and approve corporate investment policies.
Assess, as part of its internal controls responsibility, the effectiveness of the over-all process for identifying principal business risks and report thereon to the Board of Directors.
(f) Other Responsibilities and Matters
Report through its Chair to the Board of Directors following meetings of the Audit Committee.
Review annually the adequacy of this Charter and confirm that all responsibilities have been carried out.
Evaluate the Audit Committee's and individual Member's performance on a regular basis and report annually to the Board of Directors the result of its annual self-assessment.
Review and approve the Corporation's hiring policies regarding partners, employees and former partners and employees of the present and former external auditor of the Corporation.
Discuss the Corporation's compliance with tax and financial reporting laws and regulation, if and when issues arise.
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Authority
The Audit Committee has the authority to engage independent counsel and other advisors as it determines necessary to carry out its duties and to set and pay the compensation for any advisors employed by the Audit Committee at the cost of the Corporation without obtaining approval of the Board of Directors, based on its sole judgment and discretion. The Audit Committee has the authority to communicate directly with the intern/al and external auditors of the Corporation.
__________

Appendix A
To Audit Committee Charter
Procedures for the Submission of Complaints or Concerns
Regarding Accounting, Internal Accounting Controls or Auditing Matters
1. The Corporation shall forward to the Audit Committee of the Board of Directors any complaints that it has received regarding accounting, internal accounting controls or auditing matters.
2. Any employee of the Corporation may submit, on a confidential, anonymous basis if the employee so desires, any concerns by sending such concerns in writing and forwarding them in a sealed envelope to:
Attention: Chair of the Audit Committee
Starfighters Space, Inc.
505 Odyssey Way, Suite 203
Kennedy Space Center, FL 32952
The envelope is to be clearly marked, "To be opened by the Audit Committee only."
Any such envelopes shall be forwarded promptly to the Chair of the Audit Committee.
3. Contact information including a phone number and e-mail address shall be published for the Chair of the Audit Committee on the Corporation's website for those people wishing to contact the Chair directly.
4. At each of its meetings following the receipt of any information pursuant to this Appendix, the Audit Committee shall review and consider any such complaints or concerns and take any action that it deems appropriate in the circumstances.
5. The Audit Committee shall retain any such complaints or concerns along with the material gathered to support its actions for a period of no less than seven years. Such records will be held on behalf of the Audit Committee by the Audit Committee Secretary.
6. This Appendix A shall appear on the Corporation's website as part of this Charter.
__________

STARFIGHTERS SPACE, INC.
(the "Corporation")
NOMINATING AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE COMMITTEE CHARTER
I. PURPOSE
The purpose of the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee (the "Committee") of the Board of Directors of the Corporation (the "Board of Directors") is to (1) identify and recommend to the Board of Directors individuals qualified to be nominated for election to the Board of Directors, (2) recommend to the Board of Directors the members and Chairperson for each Board of Directors committee and (3) periodically review and assess the Corporation's corporate governance principles contained in this Charter and make recommendations for changes thereto to the Board of Directors.
II. COMMITTEE MEMBERSHIP
1. The Committee shall consist of no fewer than three directors as determined by the Board of Directors.
2. All of the members of the Committee shall meet the applicable independence requirements of the law, including Sarbanes-Oxley Act, rules promulgated by the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "SEC"), and requirements of the NYSE American LLC (the "NYSE") Company Guide, except to the extent that the NYSE rules permit a director who is not independent pursuant to such rules to be a member of the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee.
3. The members and Chairperson of the Committee shall be appointed and may be removed by the Board of Directors.
III. EXTERNAL ADVISORS
The Committee shall have the authority to (i) retain, at the Corporation's expense, a search firm and other expert advisors as it deems necessary to fulfill its responsibilities and (ii) determine, on behalf of the Corporation, the compensation of such advisors.
IV. NOMINATION RESPONSIBILITIES
The following functions shall be the common, recurring activities of the Committee in carrying out its duties.
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1. The Committee shall lead the Corporation's search for individuals qualified to become members of the Board of Directors.
2. The Committee shall evaluate and recommend to the Board of Directors for nomination candidates for election or reelection as directors.
3. In the event of a vacancy on the Board of Directors, or if the Committee becomes aware of a pending vacancy and the Board of Director determines that such vacancy shall be filled by the Board of Directors, the Committee shall recommend to the Board of Directors a qualified individual for appointment to the Board of Directors.
4. The Committee shall establish and oversee appropriate director orientation and continuing education programs.
5. In assessing the qualification of a candidate, the Committee generally shall observe the following guidelines:
the Committee shall bear in mind any SEC or the NYSE rules on independence and such other factors as it deems advisable;
directors shall not be a director, consultant or employee of or to any direct competitor of the Corporation;
in considering candidates, the Committee shall consider their other obligations and time commitments and their ability to attend meetings in person; and
to avoid potential conflicts of interest, interlocking directorships will not be allowed. Interlocking directorships shall be deemed to occur if a senior executive officer of the Corporation serves on the board of or as a trustee of a Corporation or institution that employs one or more directors (i.e., reciprocal directorships).
V. CORPORATE GOVERNANCE RESPONSIBILITIES
1. The Committee shall, from time to time, as the Committee deems appropriate, make recommendations to the Board of Directors regarding an appropriate organization and structure for the Board of Directors.
2. The Committee shall, from time to time, as the Committee deems appropriate, evaluate the size, composition, membership qualifications, scope of authority, responsibilities, reporting obligations and charters of each committee of the Board of Directors.
3. The Committee shall periodically review and assess the adequacy of the Corporation's corporate governance principles as contained in this Charter. Should the Committee deem it appropriate, it may develop and recommend to the Board of Directors for adoption of additional corporate governance principles.
4. The Committee shall periodically review the Corporation's Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws in light of existing corporate governance trends, and shall recommend any proposed changes for adoption by the Board of Directors or submission by the Board of Directors to the Corporation's stockholders.
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5. The Committee may make recommendations on the structure and logistics of board meetings and may recommend matters for consideration by the Board of Directors.
6. The Committee shall consider, adopt and oversee all processes for evaluating the performance of the Board of Directors, each committee and individual directors.
7. The Committee shall annually review and assess its own performance.
VI. GENERAL
1. The Committee shall perform any other duties or responsibilities delegate to the Committee by the Board of Directors from time to time.
2. The Committee shall report regularly to the Board of Directors.
__________

STARFIGHTERS SPACE, INC.
(the "Corporation")
COMPENSATION COMMITTEE CHARTER
I. PURPOSE
The Compensation Committee (the "Committee") of the Board of Directors of the Corporation (the "Board of Directors") assists the Board of Directors in fulfilling its oversight responsibilities relating to officer and director compensation, succession planning for senior management, development and retention of senior management, and such other duties as directed by the Board of Directors.
II. COMMITTEE MEMBERSHIP
1. The Committee shall consist of no fewer than two directors as determined by the Board of Directors.
2. Notwithstanding paragraph (1) above, if the Committee of a Smaller Reporting Company (as defined in Exchange Act Rule 12b-2) is comprised of at least three members, one director who is not independent as defined in Section 803(A)(2) of the NYSE American Company Guide, and is not a current officer or employee or an immediate family member of such person, may be appointed to the Committee, if the Board of Directors, under exceptional and limited circumstances, determines that membership on the Committee by the individual is required by the best interests of the Corporation and its shareholders, and the board discloses, in the next annual meeting proxy statement (or in its next annual report on Form 10-K or equivalent if the issuer does not file an annual proxy statement) subsequent to such determination, the nature of the relationship and the reasons for that determination. A director appointed to the Committee pursuant to this exception may not serve for in excess of two years.
3. Each of the members of the Committee shall have been affirmatively determined by the Board of Directors to meet the applicable independence requirements of applicable law and Section 803(A)(2) the NYSE American Company Guide. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, for so long as the Corporation's common shares are listed on the NYSE American LLC ("NYSE"), and unless the Board of Directors has resolved that it is appropriate for the Corporation to rely on an available exemption from such independence determination requirements under the NYSE Company Guide, the Board of Directors, in confirming the independence of a member of the Committee, shall:
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(a) affirmatively determine that such director does not have a relationship that would interfere with the exercise of independent judgment in carrying out the responsibilities of a director as prescribed under Section 803(A)(2) of the NYSE Corporation Guide; and
(b) affirmatively determine that such director meets the independence requirements as prescribed by Section 805(c)(1) of the NYSE Company Guide, and in doing so, the Board of Directors must consider all factors specifically relevant to determining whether such director has a relationship to the Corporation which is material to that director's ability to be independent from management in connection with the duties of a Committee member, including, but not limited to:
(i) the source of compensation of such director, including any consulting, advisory or other compensatory fee paid by the Corporation to such director; and
(ii) whether such director is affiliated with the Corporation, a subsidiary of the Corporation or an affiliate of a subsidiary of the Corporation.
4. The members and Chairperson of the Committee shall be appointed and may be removed by the Board of Directors.
III. EXTERNAL ADVISERS
1. The Committee may, in its sole discretion, retain or obtain the advice of a compensation consultant, independent legal counsel or other adviser (each, an "Adviser"). The Committee shall be directly responsible for the appointment, compensation and oversight of the work of any Adviser retained by the Committee. The Corporation must provide for appropriate funding, as determined by the Committee, for payment of reasonable compensation to an Adviser retained by the Committee.
2. The Committee may select an Adviser only after taking into consideration all factors relevant to that Adviser's independence, including the following:
(a) the provision of other services to the Corporation by the person that employs the Adviser;
(b) the amount of fees received from the Corporation by the person that employs the Adviser, as a percentage of the total revenue of the person that employs the Adviser;
(c) the policies and procedures of the person that employs the Adviser that are designed to prevent conflicts of interest;
(d) any business or personal relationship of the Adviser with a member of the Committee;
(e) any stock of the Corporation owned by the Adviser; and
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(f) any business or personal relationship of the Adviser or the person employing the Adviser with an executive officer of the Corporation.
3. Notwithstanding the engagement of an Adviser or the receipt of advice or recommendations from such an Adviser, the Committee:
(a) will in no way be obligated to implement or act consistently with the advice or recommendations of the Adviser, and
(b) will at all times exercise its own judgment in the fulfillment of the duties of the Committee.
IV. RESPONSIBILITIES RELATED TO COMPENSATION
The Committee shall:
1. Review and approve the Corporation's compensation guidelines and structure.
2. Review and approve on an annual basis the corporate goals and objectives with respect to compensation for the Chief Executive Officer. The Committee will evaluate at least once a year the Chief Executive Officer's individual performance in light of these established goals and objectives and based upon these evaluations shall set his or her annual compensation, including salary, bonus, incentive and equity compensation. The Chief Executive Officer may not be present when his or her compensation is considered or determined by the Committee.
3. Review and approve on an annual basis the evaluation process and compensation structure for the Corporation's other officers, including salary, bonus, incentive and equity compensation. The Committee will evaluate at least once a year each such officer's individual performance in light of these established goals and objectives and, based upon these evaluations, shall set each such officer's annual compensation. No officer may be present when his or her compensation is considered or determined by the Committee.
4. Review the Corporation's incentive compensation and other equity-based plans and recommend changes in such plans to the Board of Directors as needed. The Committee may exercise the authority of the Board of Directors with respect to the administration of such plans.
5. Periodically review and make recommendations to the Board of Directors regarding the compensation of non-management directors, including Board of Directors and committee retainers, meeting fees, equity-based compensation, and such other forms of compensation and benefits as the Committee may consider appropriate.
6. Oversee the appointment and removal of executive officers. Review and approve for executive officers, including the chief executive officer, any employment, severance or change in control agreements.
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7. Approve any loans to employees as allowed by law.
V. GENERAL RESPONSIBILITIES
The Committee shall:
1. Regularly report to the Board of Directors on committee matters.
2. Review and reassess the adequacy of this Charter annually and propose to the Board of Directors any changes to the Charter.
3. Prepare a report of the Committee on executive compensation in accordance with SEC requirements to be included in the Corporation's annual proxy statement.
4. Annually assess the Committee's performance.
5. Perform such other functions assigned by law, NYSE requirements, the Corporation's Charter or bylaws or the Board of Directors.
__________

STARFIGHTERS SPACE, INC.
(the "Corporation")
POLICY FOR THE RECOVERY OF ERRONEOUSLY AWARDED
INCENTIVE BASED COMPENSATION
(the "RECOVERY POLICY")
PART 1
GENERAL PROVISIONS
Purpose
1.1 This Recovery Policy has been adopted by resolution of the Board (as hereinafter defined) of the Corporation in accordance with certain listing standards of the NYSE American stock exchange mandated by Rule 10D-1 (as hereinafter defined), to facilitate reasonably prompt recovery by the Company of the amount of any Incentive-Based Compensation that is deemed to have been erroneously awarded in the event that the Company is required to restate its financial statements due to material non-compliance with any financial reporting requirement under relevant Securities Laws (as hereinafter defined).
Definitions
1.2 In this Recovery Policy, the following terms will have the following meanings:
(a) "Accounting Restatement" means an accounting restatement due to material noncompliance of the Company with any financial reporting requirement under the Securities Laws, including any required accounting restatement to correct an error in previously issued financial statements that is material to the previously issued financial statements, or that would result in a material misstatement if the error were corrected in the current period or left uncorrected in the current period;
(b) "Board" means the Board of Directors of the Company;
(c) "Company" means Starfighters Space, Inc.;
(d) "Compensation Committee" means the Compensation Committee of the Board;
(e) "Effective Date" means the effective date of this Recovery Policy, being the 22nd day of August, 2025;
(f) "Erroneously Awarded Incentive-Based Compensation" means that portion of any Incentive-Based Compensation that has been paid to an Executive Officer and is recoverable under Section 4.1 of this Recovery Policy, as such Erroneously Awarded Incentive-Based Compensation is determined under this Recovery Policy;
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(g) "Exchange Act" means the United States Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended;
(h) "Executive Officer" means any individual deemed to be an "executive officer" of the Company under Rule 10D-1. For the avoidance of doubt, the identification of an executive officer for purposes of this Recovery Policy shall include each executive officer who is or was identified pursuant to Item 401(b) of Regulation S-K or Item 6.A of Form 20-F, as applicable, as well as the principal financial officer and principal accounting officer (or, if there is no principal accounting officer, the controller).
(i) "Financial Reporting Measures" means any measures that are determined and presented in accordance with the accounting principles used in preparing the Company's financial statements, and any measures derived wholly or in part from such measures whether or not the measure is presented within the financial statements or included in a filing with the SEC. For greater certainty, stock price and TSR are included in the definition of Financial Reporting Measures;
(j) "Incentive-Based Compensation" means any compensation that is granted, earned or vested based wholly or in part upon the attainment of a Financial Reporting Measure;
(k) "NYSE American" means the NYSE American LLC;
(l) "Received" means, in the context of Incentive-Based Compensation, the actual or deemed receipt in the Company's fiscal period during which the Financial Reporting Measure specified in the Incentive-Based Compensation is attained, even if the payment or grant of the Incentive-Based Compensation occurs after the end of that period;
(m) "Recovery Period" has the meaning set forth in Section 4.4;
(n) "Recovery Policy" means this policy for the recovery of erroneously awarded executive compensation;
(o) "Rule 10D-1" means Rule 10D-1 adopted by the SEC under the Exchange Act;
(p) "SEC" means the United States Securities and Exchange Commission;
(q) "SEC Final Release" means the final release no. 34-96159 of the SEC entitled "Listing Standards of Recovery of Erroneously Awarded Compensation" in respect of the adoption of Rule 10D-1 pursuant to the requirements of Section 10D of the Exchange Act;
(r) "Securities Laws" means the Exchange Act and the U.S. Securities Act;
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(s) "TSR" means total shareholder return; and
(t) "U.S. Securities Act" means the United States Securities Act of 1933, as amended;
PART 2
ADMINISTRATION
Administration
2.1 This Recovery Policy will be administered by the Compensation Committee which will be empowered to, with consideration of applicable Securities Laws,
(a) interpret and administer this Recovery Policy;
(b) make determinations as to whether any Incentive-Based Compensation that has been Received by the current and former Executive Officers of the Company constitutes Erroneously Awarded Incentive-Based Compensation in the event of an Accounting Restatement;
(c) take action to enforce on behalf of the Company any recovery of any Erroneously Awarded Incentive-Based Compensation pursuant to the provisions of this Recovery Policy;
(d) make any other determinations that the Compensation Committee deems necessary or desirable to give effect to the objectives of this Recovery Policy; and
(e) periodically review legislative developments that may have an impact on this Recovery Policy, and report to the Board any recommendations.
Interpretations
2.2 This Recovery Policy is intended to be a "Recovery Policy" for the purposes of Section 811 of the NYSE American Company Guide and will be interpreted by the Compensation Committee consistent with the SEC's interpretation of Rule 10D-1, including the guidance of the SEC set forth in the SEC Final Release and any other applicable law, regulation, rule or interpretation of the SEC or NYSE American promulgated or issued in connection therewith. This Recovery Policy is in addition to the requirements of Section 304 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 that are applicable to the Company's chief executive officer and chief financial officer.
Compliance
2.3 The Compensation Committee may require that any employment agreement, offer letter, compensation plan, equity award agreement, or any other agreement entered into on or after the Effective Date require an Executive Officer to agree to abide by the terms of this Recovery Policy. Further, the Compensation Committee may require each Executive Officer to acknowledge this Recovery Policy through execution of the form of acknowledgement attached hereto as Appendix A (or such other form as approved from time-to-time by the Compensation Committee).
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PART 3
SCOPE AND INTERPRETATION OF THIS RECOVERY POLICY
Effective Period
3.1 This Recovery Policy will be applied to all Incentive Based Compensation that is Received by an Executive Officer on or after the Effective Date.
Scope of Executive Officers Subject to Recovery Policy
3.2 The Compensation Committee will determine from time-to-time the individuals that are deemed to be subject to the Recovery Policy by virtue of being considered an Executive Officer of the Company under Rule 10D-1.
Scope of Accounting Restatements Subject to Recovery Policy
3.3 The Accounting Restatements that will trigger the obligation to recover Erroneously Awarded Incentive-Based Compensation will include any restatement of any of the financial statements of the Company filed with the SEC under the Exchange Act to correct an error in previously issued financial statements that is material to the previously issued financial statements, or that would result in a material misstatement if the error were corrected in the current period or left uncorrected in the current period. For clarity, Accounting Restatements include for the purposes of this Recovery Policy both:
(a) big "R" restatements, being restatements to correct an error material to previously issued financial statements, and
(b) little "r" restatements, being restatements to correct errors that were not material to those previously issued financial statements, but would result in a material misstatement if (i) the errors were left uncorrected in the current report or (ii) the error correction was recognized in the current period.
Determination of When Incentive-Based Compensation is Received
3.4 Incentive-Based Compensation will be deemed Received in the fiscal period during which the Financial Reporting Measure specified in the Incentive-Based Compensation award was attained, even if the payment or grant occurs after the end of that period.
PART 4
RECOVERY OF ERRONEOUSLY AWARDED INCENTIVE-BASED COMPENSATION
Recovery
4.1 In that event that the Company is required to prepare an Accounting Restatement, the Company will reasonably promptly take action to recover the amount of any Erroneously Awarded Incentive-Based Compensation that has been Received by each applicable Executive Officer:
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(a) after beginning services as an Executive Officer;
(b) who served as Executive Officer at any time during the performance period for that Incentive-Based Compensation;
(c) while the Company has a class of securities listed on NYSE American (or another national securities exchange in the United States); and
(d) during the three completed fiscal years immediately preceding the date on which the Company was required to prepare the Accounting Statement, as this three year period is determined under Section 4.4 below.
4.2 Recovery will be required on a "no fault" basis, without regard to whether an Executive Officer engaged in any misconduct or whether the Executive Officer was responsible for the erroneous financial statements that led to the Accounting Restatement.
Trigger for Recovery of Erroneously Award Compensation
4.3 The date on which the Company is deemed to be required to prepare an Accounting Statement for the purposes of determining the Recovery Period under Section 4.1 will be the earlier to occur of:
(a) the date that the Board or a committee of the Board concludes, or reasonably should have concluded that the Company, is required to prepare an Accounting Restatement, or
(b) the date that a court, regulator or other legally authorized body directs the Company to prepare an Accounting Restatement.
Determination of Recovery Period
4.4 The recovery period for the determination of Erroneously Awarded Incentive-Based Compensation (the "Recovery Period") will determined as the three completed fiscal years immediately preceding the date that the Company is required to prepare an Accounting Restatement, as that date is determined under Section 4.3. In the event of a change in the financial year of the Company, the Recovery Period will also include any transition period that results from a change in the Company's fiscal year within or immediately following those three completed fiscal years, provided that a transition period between the last day of the Company's previous fiscal year end and the first day of its new fiscal year that comprises a period of nine to 12 months would be deemed a completed fiscal year.
Scope of Incentive Based Compensation Subject to Recovery
4.5 Recovery will be made against each current and former Executive Officer who has Received Incentive-Based Compensation during the three year Recovery Period to the extent that such Incentive-Based Compensation is determined to be Erroneously Awarded Incentive-Based Compensation. Recovery of Incentive-Based Compensation received while an individual was serving in a non-executive capacity prior to becoming an Executive Officer is not subject to this Recovery Policy and recovery will not be required. An award of incentive-based compensation granted to an individual before the individual becomes an Executive Officer will be subject to this Recovery Policy, so long as the Incentive-Based Compensation was received by the individual at any time during the performance period after beginning service as an Executive Officer.
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Determination of Amount of Erroneously Awarded Compensation
4.6 The amount of any Erroneously Awarded Incentive-Based Compensation to be recovered under Section 4.1 will be determined as follows for each applicable Executive Officer:
(a) the amount of Incentive-Based Compensation that has been Received by the Executive Officer during the Recovery Period to which this Recovery Policy applies, less
(b) the amount of the Incentive-Based Compensation that would have been received in respect of the Recovery Period had the Incentive-Based Compensation been determined based on the restated amount.
4.7 Erroneously Awarded Incentive-Based Compensation will include any Incentive-Based Compensation that was based on stock price or TSR to the extent that the Incentive-Based Compensation was inaccurate as a result of the Accounting Restatement. For Incentive-Based Compensation based on stock price or TSR, where the amount of Erroneously Awarded Incentive-Based Compensation is not subject to mathematical recalculation directly from the information in the Accounting Restatement:
(a) the amount must be based on a reasonable estimate of the effect of the Accounting Restatement on the stock price or TSR upon which the Incentive-Based Compensation was received, and
(b) the amount of the Incentive-Based Compensation that would have been received in respect of the Recovery Period had the Incentive-Based Compensation been determined based on the restated amount.
4.8 The Compensation Committee shall promptly notify each Executive Officer with a written notice containing the amount of any Erroneously Awarded Compensation and a demand for repayment or return of such compensation.
4.9 The amount of any Erroneously Awarded Incentive-Based Compensation will be computed without regard to any taxes paid by the Executive Officer.
4.10 To the extent that the Executive Officer has already reimbursed the Company for any Erroneously Awarded Compensation Received under any duplicative recovery obligations established by the Company or applicable law, including Section 304 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, it shall be appropriate for any such reimbursed amount to be credited to the amount of Erroneously Awarded Compensation that is subject to recovery under this Recovery Policy.
4.11 Notwithstanding anything in this Recovery Policy, in no event will the Company be required to award any Executive Officer an additional payment or other compensation if the Accounting Restatement would have resulted in the grant, payment or vesting of Incentive-Based Compensation that is greater than the Incentive-Based Compensation actually received by the affected Executive Officer. The recovery of Erroneously Awarded Incentive-Based Compensation is not dependent on if or when the restatement is filed.
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PART 5
REPORTING
Reporting of Erroneously Award Compensation
5.1 In the event of an Accounting Restatement pursuant to which the Compensation Committee has considered whether recovery of any Erroneously Awarded Incentive-Based Compensation is required, the Compensation Committee will prepare a report to management of the Company detailing the information required to be reported by the Company with respect to such Accounting Restatement on the Form 10-K or other form of annual report to be filed by the Company under the Exchange Act for the fiscal year in which the Accounting Restatement occurred and in any other filing required to be made by the Company under Securities Laws.
Documentation
5.2 The Compensation Committee will maintain documentation as to the determination of the amount of any Erroneously Awarded Incentive-Based Compensation, including any reasonable estimates made during the calculation process, and any efforts undertaken to recover Erroneously Awarded Incentive-Based Compensation. The Company will provide this information to NYSE American upon its request.
Documentation
5.3 Without limiting the above, the Company will comply will all disclosure, documentation and records requirements relating to this Recovery Policy under Section 10D of the Exchange Act, the NYSE American Company Guide and the filings required to be made by the Company under the Exchange Act.
PART 6
ENFORCEMENT OF RECOVERY
Requirement to Recover
6.1 Upon a determination by the Compensation Committee that the Company is obligated to recover Erroneously Awarded Incentive-Based Compensation under Section 4.1, the Company will take steps to recover such Erroneously Awarded Incentive-Based Compensation other than in circumstances where each of (a) and (b) below apply:
(a) one of the following circumstances exists:
(i) the direct expense paid to a third party to assist in enforcing this Recovery Policy would exceed the amount to be recovered, provided that before concluding that it would be impracticable to recover any amount of Erroneously Awarded Incentive-Based Compensation based on expense of enforcement, the Company has made a reasonable attempt to recover such Erroneously Awarded Incentive-Based Compensation and documented such reasonable attempt(s) to recover (which documentation will be provided to NYSE American at the request of NYSE American); or
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(ii) recovery would likely cause an otherwise tax-qualified retirement plan, under which benefits are broadly available to employees of the registrant, to fail to meet the requirements of 26 U.S.C. 401(a)(13) or 26 U.S.C. 411(a) and regulations thereunder; and
(b) the Compensation Committee, or a majority of the independent directors of the Board, has made a determination that recovery would be impracticable.
Deferred Payment Plans
6.2 The Compensation Committee may consider the establishment of a deferred payment where recovery is required from an Executive Officer and where the deferred payment plan allows the Executive Officer to repay the Erroneously Awarded Incentive-Based Compensation as soon as possible without unreasonable economic hardship to the Executive Officer, depending on the facts and circumstances; provided that any such deferred payment plan shall be narrowly tailored to the Erroneously Awarded Incentive-Based Compensation being recovered so as not to constitute a personal loan to the Executive Officer that is prohibited by Section 13(k) of the Exchange Act.
Recovery of Costs
6.3 If an Executive Officer fails to repay all Erroneously Awarded Incentive-Based Compensation when due, the Company will take all actions reasonable and appropriate to recover the Erroneously Awarded Incentive-Based Compensation from the Executive Officer, and in that case the Executive Officer will be required to reimburse the Company for all reasonable expenses incurred in recovering the Erroneously Awarded Incentive-Based Compensation from the Executive Officer.
Other Legal Remedies
6.4 Any right of recovery under this Recovery Policy is in addition to, and not in lieu of, any other remedies or rights of recovery that may be available to the Company under applicable law, regulation or rule, or under the terms of any similar policy or agreement in any employment agreement, offer letter, compensation plan, equity award agreement, or similar agreement and any other legal remedies available to the Company.
6.5 This Recovery Policy does not preclude the Company from taking any other action to enforce an Executive Officer's obligations to the Company or limit any other remedies that the Company may have available to it and any other actions that the Company may take, including termination of employment, institution of civil proceedings, or reporting of any misconduct to appropriate government authorities.
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PART 7
PROHIBITION ON INDEMNIFICATION
Prohibition on Indemnification
7.1 The Company shall not be permitted to indemnify or insure any Executive Officer against (i) the loss of any Erroneously Awarded Compensation that is repaid, returned or recovered pursuant to the terms of this Policy, or (ii) any claims relating to the Company's enforcement of its rights under this Recovery Policy. Further, the Company shall not enter into any agreement that exempts any Incentive-based Compensation that is granted, paid or awarded to an Executive Officer from the application of this Recovery Policy or that waives the Company's right to recovery of any Erroneously Awarded Compensation, and this Recovery Policy shall supersede any such agreement (whether entered into before, on or after the Effective Date of this Recovery Policy).
Insurance
7.2 The Company will not purchase or pay or reimburse any Executive Officer for any insurance policy to cover losses incurred by any Executive Officer under this Recovery Policy.
Other Recovery Rights
7.3 This Recovery Policy shall be binding and enforceable against all Executive Officers and, to the extent required by applicable law or guidance from the SEC or NYSE American, their beneficiaries, heirs, executors, administrators or other legal representatives. The Compensation Committee intends that this Policy will be applied to the fullest extent required by applicable law. Any employment agreement, equity award agreement, compensatory plan or any other agreement or arrangement with an Executive Officer shall be deemed to include, as a condition to the grant of any benefit thereunder, an agreement by the Executive Officer to abide by the terms of this Recovery Policy. Any right of recovery under this Recovery Policy is in addition to, and not in lieu of, any other remedies or rights of recovery that may be available to the Company under applicable law, regulation or rule or pursuant to the terms of any policy of the Company or any provision in any employment agreement, equity award agreement, compensatory plan, agreement or other arrangement.
PART 8
AUTHORITY OF THE COMPENSATION COMMITTEE
Engagement of Professional Advisors
8.1 In addition to any authority provided under its charter, the Compensation Committee will have the authority to engage and retain independent legal counsel, independent accounting advisors and any outside professional advisor that it determines necessary to carry out its duties, at the expense of the Company, without the Board's approval and at any time, and has the authority to determine any such advisor's fees and other retention terms.
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Oversight
8.2 In the event that the Company is required to recover any Erroneously Awarded Incentive-Based Compensation under this Recovery Policy, such recovery efforts will be undertaken with the supervision of the office of the Vice-President, General Counsel under oversight of the Compensation Committee, provided that Compensation Committee will directly supervise such efforts in the event of that the Vice-President, General Counsel is an Executive Officer who is subject to recovery.
Review
8.3 The Compensation Committee will periodically review legislative developments, regulatory initiatives, and similar matters relating to Securities Laws that may have an impact on this Recovery Policy, and report to the Board any recommendations it may have concerning the Recovery Policy.
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Appendix A
ATTESTATION AND ACKNOWLEDGEMENT OF POLICY FOR THE RECOVERY OF ERRONEOUSLY AWARDED INCENTIVE-BASED COMPENSATION
By my signature below, I acknowledge and agree that:
I have received and read the attached Policy for the Recovery of Erroneously Awarded Incentive-Based Compensation (this "Recovery Policy"); and
I hereby agree to abide by all of the terms of this Recovery Policy both during and after my employment with the Company, including, without limitation, by promptly repaying or returning any Erroneously Awarded Incentive-Based Compensation to the Company as determined in accordance with this Recovery Policy.
| X | |
| Name: | |
| Date: |
__________

STARFIGHTERS SPACE, INC.
(the "Corporation")
CODE OF BUSINESS CONDUCT AND ETHICS
Objectives
The Corporation's commitment to ethical and lawful business conduct is a fundamental shared value of our Board of Directors (or the "Board"), management and employees and critical to our success. Our standards for business conduct provide that we will uphold ethical and legal standards vigorously as we pursue our financial objectives, and that honesty and integrity will not be compromised by us anywhere at any time. Consistent with these principles, the Board had adopted this Code of Business Conduct and Ethics (the "Code") as a guide to the high ethical and legal standards expected of its directors, officers and employees.
Application of the Code
This Code applies to all directors, officers and employees of the Corporation and its subsidiaries (who are referred to collectively as "Corporation Personnel").
Monitoring Compliance and Waivers
The Board of Directors is responsible for monitoring compliance with this Code. A waiver of this Code will be granted only in exceptional circumstances. Any waivers from this Code that are granted for the benefit of the Corporation's directors or executive officers shall be granted by the Board of Directors only. Any waiver for employees will be granted only upon approval by each of the Corporation's Chief Executive Officer ("CEO") and Chief Financial Officer ("CFO").
Conflicts of Interest
Corporation Personnel must act honestly, in good faith, and in the best interests of the Corporation. Corporation Personnel must avoid situations involving a conflict or the potential for a conflict between their personal interests and the interests of the Corporation. Questions or reports regarding any conflict of interest or potential conflict of interest should be directed to the CEO or CFO.
The following are examples of conflicts that may arise in the course of carrying out the Corporation's business:
1. Outside Business Interests. Corporation Personnel are free to take on employment and other activities outside of their work responsibilities with the Corporation. However, in doing so, Corporation Personnel must ensure that any "outside" activities do not present a real or perceived conflict with the interests of the Corporation or with their duties as Corporation Personnel.
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2. Outside Directorships. Corporation Personnel are free to take on directorships, however, Corporation Personnel must be aware of any potential for conflicts with the interests of the Corporation.
3. Financial Interests in Suppliers, Contractors or Competitors. Any proposed affiliation between Corporation Personnel and any entity that has a relationship with the Corporation is subject to review by the Board of Directors.
4. Outside Personal Loan or Guarantee from the Corporation. Corporation Personnel should not accept, whether directly or indirectly, any loan or guarantee of obligations from the Corporation for personal benefit.
5. Giving and Receiving Gifts. Corporation Personnel are prohibited from soliciting or receiving any gift, loan, reward or benefit from a supplier or customer in exchange for any decision, act or omission by any Corporation Personnel in the course of carrying out their functions. Similarly, Corporation Personnel should not try to influence the decisions of a supplier or customer by giving gifts. Anyone receiving any such gift, loan, reward or benefit must report the same to the CEO or CFO. The giving and receiving of modest gifts or entertainment as a part of normal business courtesy and hospitality is permitted. However, the use of expense accounts to deviate from any policy described herein is strictly forbidden.
Protection and Proper Use of Corporate Assets and Opportunities
All Corporation Personnel must handle the physical and intellectual assets of the Corporation with integrity and with due regard to the interests of all of the Corporation's stakeholders. Corporation Personnel cannot appropriate a corporate opportunity or corporate property, arising out of their relationship with the Corporation, for their own personal benefit.
Corporation Personnel must have authorization to enter into business transactions on behalf of the Corporation. All corporate transactions must be accounted for in the Corporation's books. Records must not be manipulated or destroyed for the purpose of impeding or obstructing any investigation undertaken by the Corporation or a governmental body.
No action shall be taken to fraudulently influence or mislead anyone engaged in the performance of an audit of the Corporation's financial statements.
Theft, carelessness and waste have a direct impact on the Corporation's profitability. Any suspected incident of fraud or theft should be immediately reported to any member of management, including the CEO or CFO. The Corporation's assets should be used for legitimate business purposes, though incidental personal use may be authorized from time to time.
Email and Internet systems are provided primarily for business use. Personal use of these resources should be kept to a minimum. As email may not be entirely secure, Corporation Personnel must exercise caution and etiquette when sending email correspondence.
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Confidentiality of Corporate Information
Confidential information is any information that is not known to the general public and includes business research, market plans, strategic objectives, unpublished financial information, customer, supplier and personnel lists and all intellectual property, including trade secrets, software, trademarks, copyrights and patents. Confidential information may not be given or released without proper authority and appropriate protection to anyone not employed by the Corporation or to Corporation Personnel who have no need for such information.
Corporation Personnel are prohibited from trading or encouraging others to trade in the securities of the Corporation where the person trading is in possession of material non-public information.
Privacy and Cybersecurity
The Corporation regards the lawful and correct treatment of personal information as integral to successfully perform its functions and to maintain the confidence of its customers and partners. The U.S. and other countries have laws protecting personally information (PI). PI can include an individual's name, telephone numbers, social security number, email addresses or home address. Certain PI, including, but not limited to, information about an individual's medical records, financial records, employment history, religious background, political affiliation or sexual orientation may be subject to additional legal protections. All PI should be considered confidential information and should be treated as such according to this Policy. You are required to handle, store and dispose of PI in compliance with the relevant laws that apply to the information. To the extent possible, you should limit your exposure and access to PI. You should only access PI to the extent necessary to perform your job duties.
Corporation Personnel must not engage in or otherwise aid, assist or ignore any potential or actual cyberattacks or other cyber incidents or otherwise exploit any cybersecurity vulnerabilities of the Corporation, and employees must report any such threatened or actual cyber-attacks or cybersecurity vulnerabilities to the Corporation.
Fair Dealing
Corporation Personnel shall not obtain or use information or trade secrets from any other Corporation. Corporation Personnel shall not undertake any activities that could reasonably be expected to result in an unreasonable restraint of trade, unfair trade practice or any other anticompetitive behaviour in violation of any law. However, in the normal course of business, it is not unusual for Corporation Personnel to acquire information about other organizations. In doing so, Corporation Personnel must not use illegal means to acquire a competitor's trade secrets or other confidential information. Any Corporation Personnel who work in an area that requires frequent contacts with competitors, customers or suppliers should be particularly sensitive to the requirements of competition laws.
The Corporation undertakes to deal fairly with all Corporation Personnel. There is a "no tolerance" policy in place for any form of discrimination or harassment against Corporation Personnel with respect to race, religion, age, gender, martial and family status, sexual orientation, ethnic or national origin or disability or any other grounds enumerated in applicable human rights legislation.
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Compliance with Laws, Rules and Regulations
All Corporation Personnel must comply with all health and safety laws, regulations and Corporation policies.
All Corporation Personnel, in discharging their duties, must comply with the laws of the countries in which the Corporation and its subsidiaries carry on business. All Corporation Personnel are charged with the responsibility for acquiring sufficient knowledge of the laws involved in each area relating to their particular duties.
Corporation Personnel are prohibited from making payments or giving gifts to a public official in any country in which the Corporation and its subsidiaries operate, in order to obtain a business advantage or is in violation of applicable anti-corruption legislation.
Reporting of any Illegal or Unethical Behaviour
Corporation Personnel are each responsible for being aware of, understanding and complying with this Code when making business decisions. Corporation Personnel must promptly report any problems or concerns and any actual or potential violation of this Code. To do otherwise will be viewed as condoning a violation of this Code.
There shall be no reprisal or other action taken against any Corporation Personnel who, in good faith, bring forward concerns about actual or potential violations of laws or this Code. Anyone engaging in any form of retaliatory conduct will be subject to disciplinary action, which may include termination.
Corporation Personnel should first raise a complaint or concern with his or her supervisor or manager. If that is not possible for some reason or if this does not resolve the matter, Corporation Personnel must take the matter up the chain of management within the Corporation. Ultimately, unresolved complaints and concerns should be referred to the Chair of the Corporation's Audit Committee who will treat all disclosures in confidence and will involve only those individuals who need to be involved in order to conduct an investigation. Any complaint regarding accounting, internal accounting or auditing matters or a concern regarding questionable accounting or auditing matters should be referred to the Chair of the Audit Committee.
Consequences of Violating this Code
Failure to comply with this Code will be considered by this Corporation to be a very serious matter. Depending on the nature and severity of the violation, disciplinary action may be taken by the Corporation, including termination. In addition, the Corporation may make claims for reimbursement of losses or damages and/or the Corporation may refer the matter to the authorities. Anyone who fails to report a violation upon discovery or otherwise condones the violation of this Code may also be subject to disciplinary action.
__________
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