0001477932-22-007369.txt : 20220930 0001477932-22-007369.hdr.sgml : 20220930 20220930154452 ACCESSION NUMBER: 0001477932-22-007369 CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE: 1-A/A PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT: 13 FILED AS OF DATE: 20220930 DATE AS OF CHANGE: 20220930 FILER: COMPANY DATA: COMPANY CONFORMED NAME: Cub Crafters, Inc. CENTRAL INDEX KEY: 0001944503 STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION: AIRCRAFT [3721] IRS NUMBER: 911351852 STATE OF INCORPORATION: DE FISCAL YEAR END: 1231 FILING VALUES: FORM TYPE: 1-A/A SEC ACT: 1933 Act SEC FILE NUMBER: 024-11983 FILM NUMBER: 221283861 BUSINESS ADDRESS: STREET 1: 1918 S. 16TH AVENUE CITY: YAKIMA STATE: WA ZIP: 98903 BUSINESS PHONE: 509-248-9491 MAIL ADDRESS: STREET 1: 1918 S. 16TH AVENUE CITY: YAKIMA STATE: WA ZIP: 98903 1-A/A 1 primary_doc.xml 1-A/A LIVE 0001944503 XXXXXXXX 024-11983 Cub Crafters, Inc. DE 1986 0001944503 3721 91-1351852 207 7 1918 South 16th Avenue Yakima WA 98903 509-248-9491 Sara Hanks Other 9907586.00 0.00 819538.00 1879482.00 24273762.00 1316957.00 1907679.00 17792296.00 6481465.00 24273762.00 32773692.00 23317604.00 261043.00 1050536.00 21.01 21.01 IndigoSpire and McNamara and Associates, PLLC Class B Common Stock 29000000 000000000 N/A Series A Preferred Stock 1000000 000000000 N/A N/A 0 000000000 N/A true true false Tier2 Audited Equity (common or preferred stock) Y N N Y Y Y 10000000 1000000 5.0000 45250000.00 4750000.00 0.00 0.00 50000000.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 IndigoSpire and McNamara and Associates 96000.00 CrowdCheck Law LLP 60000.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 true AK AL AR AZ CA CO CT DC DE GA HI IA ID IL IN KS KY LA MA MD ME MI MN MO MS MT NC ND NE NH NM NV NY OH OK OR PA RI SC SD TN UT VA VT WI WV WY PR true PART II AND III 2 cub_1a.htm FORM 1-A/A cub_1a.htm

AN OFFERING STATEMENT PURSUANT TO REGULATION A RELATING TO THESE SECURITIES HAS BEEN FILED WITH THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION. INFORMATION CONTAINED IN THIS PRELIMINARY OFFERING CIRCULAR IS SUBJECT TO COMPLETION OR AMENDMENT. THESE SECURITIES MAY NOT BE SOLD NOR MAY OFFERS TO BUY BE ACCEPTED BEFORE THE OFFERING STATEMENT FILED WITH THE COMMISSION IS QUALIFIED. THIS PRELIMINARY OFFERING CIRCULAR SHALL NOT CONSTITUTE AN OFFER TO SELL OR THE SOLICITATION OF AN OFFER TO BUY NOR MAY THERE BE ANY SALES OF THESE SECURITIES IN ANY STATE IN WHICH SUCH OFFER, SOLICITATION OR SALE WOULD BE UNLAWFUL BEFORE REGISTRATION OR QUALIFICATION UNDER THE LAWS OF SUCH STATE. THE COMPANY MAY ELECT TO SATISFY ITS OBLIGATION TO DELIVER A FINAL OFFERING CIRCULAR BY SENDING YOU A NOTICE WITHIN TWO BUSINESS DAYS AFTER THE COMPLETION OF THE COMPANY’S SALE TO YOU THAT CONTAINS THE URL WHERE THE FINAL OFFERING CIRCULAR OR THE OFFERING STATEMENT IN WHICH SUCH FINAL OFFERING CIRCULAR WAS FILED MAY BE OBTAINED.

 

PRELIMINARY OFFERING CIRCULAR DATED SEPTEMBER 30, 2022

 

Cub Crafters, Inc.

 

   

 CUB CRAFTERS, INC.

1918 SOUTH 16TH AVENUE

YAKIMA, WA 98903

(509) 248-9491

WWW.CUBCRAFTERS.COM

 

UP TO 10,000,000 SHARES OF SERIES A PREFERRED STOCK: 9,050,000 SOLD BY THE COMPANY AND 950,000 SOLD BY SELLING SHAREHOLDERS

 

UP TO 10,000,000 SHARES OF CLASS A COMMON STOCK INTO WHICH THE SHARES OF SERIES A PREFERRED STOCK MAY CONVERT (1)

 

SEE “SECURITIES BEING OFFERED” AT PAGE 45

 

 

 

Price to Public

 

 

Underwriting discount and

commissions (3)

 

 

Proceeds to

issuer (2)

 

 

Proceeds to other persons

 

Per share

 

$ 5.00

 

 

$ 0.00

 

 

$ 5.00

 

 

$ 5.00

 

Total Minimum

 

$ 0.00

 

 

 

--

 

 

 

--

 

 

 

--

 

Total Maximum (4)

 

$ 50,000,000.00

 

 

$ 0.00

 

 

$ 45,250,000.00

 

 

$ 4,750,000.00

 

     

 

(1)

Each share of Series A Preferred Stock is convertible into one share of the company’s Class A Common Stock (i) at any time after the date of issuance at the option of the holder of such share, or (ii) automatically immediately upon the earlier of (a) the closing of the company’s sale of its Common Stock in a firm commitment underwritten public offering pursuant to a registration statement on Form S-1at a public offering price that results in at least $150,000,000 of gross proceeds to the company and the shares of Common Stock are listed on the New York Stock Exchange, Nasdaq Global Select Market or Nasdaq Global Market, or (b) the date of the occurrence of events specified by the holders of a majority of the then outstanding shares of Series A Preferred Stock. See our Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation which appears as Exhibit 2.2 to the offering statement of which this Offering Circular forms a part.

  

 

(2)

The company may also require purchasers who pay for the securities by credit card to pay the processing fee in the amount of 3.75% of the purchase price.

 

 

 

 

(3)

The company has not engaged the services of a broker-dealer for this Offering. The Offering is not being made in all states. See “Plan of Distribution.”

 

 

 

 

(4)

We estimate that the maximum offering expenses for this Offering will be approximately 12%, assuming all 10,000,000 shares of Series A Preferred Stock are sold in the Offering. See “Plan of Distribution” and “Use of Proceeds”. There is no minimum amount of the Offering and all proceeds of the Offering will become immediately available to the company upon receipt. The company has engaged Prime Trust and Enterprise Bank in certain other states as an escrow agent primarily for collection, clearing, and distribution.

 

 

 

 

Sales of these securities will commence on approximately [date].

 

This Offering (the “Offering”) will terminate at the earlier of the date at which the maximum offering amount has been sold or the date at which the Offering is earlier terminated by the company at its sole discretion. At least every 12 months after this Offering has been qualified by the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Commission”), the company will file a post-qualification amendment to include the company’s recent financial statements.

 

The company has engaged Prime Trust as agent to hold any funds that are tendered by investors in certain states and Enterprise Bank in certain other states. See “Plan of Distribution.”. The Offering is being conducted on a best-efforts basis without any minimum target. Provided that an investor purchases shares in the amount of the minimum investment, $400, there is no minimum number of shares that needs to be sold in order for funds to be released to the company and selling shareholders and for this Offering to close, which may mean that the company does not receive sufficient funds to cover the cost of this Offering. The company may undertake one or more closings on a rolling basis. After each closing, funds tendered by investors will be made available to the company and the selling shareholders. After the initial closing of this Offering, we expect to hold closings on at least a monthly basis.

 

Each holder of Series A Preferred Stock is entitled to one vote for each share on all matters submitted to a vote of the stockholders. Holders of the Class B Common Stock will be entitled to eight votes for each share on all matters submitted to a vote of the stockholders. Holders of the Class B Common Stock will continue to hold a majority of the voting power of all of the company’s equity stock at the conclusion of this Offering and therefore control the board.

 

THE UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION DOES NOT PASS UPON THE MERITS OR GIVE ITS APPROVAL OF ANY SECURITIES OFFERED OR THE TERMS OF THE OFFERING, NOR DOES IT PASS UPON THE ACCURACY OR COMPLETENESS OF ANY OFFERING CIRCULAR OR OTHER SOLICITATION MATERIALS. THESE SECURITIES ARE OFFERED PURSUANT TO AN EXEMPTION FROM REGISTRATION WITH THE COMMISSION; HOWEVER THE COMMISSION HAS NOT MADE AN INDEPENDENT DETERMINATION THAT THE SECURITIES OFFERED ARE EXEMPT FROM REGISTRATION

 

GENERALLY NO SALE MAY BE MADE TO YOU IN THIS OFFERING IF THE AGGREGATE PURCHASE PRICE YOU PAY IS MORE THAN 10% OF THE GREATER OF YOUR ANNUAL INCOME OR NET WORTH. DIFFERENT RULES APPLY TO ACCREDITED INVESTORS AND NON-NATURAL PERSONS. BEFORE MAKING ANY REPRESENTATION THAT YOUR INVESTMENT DOES NOT EXCEED APPLICABLE THRESHOLDS, WE ENCOURAGE YOU TO REVIEW RULE 251(d)(2)(i)(C) OF REGULATION A. FOR GENERAL INFORMATION ON INVESTING, WE ENCOURAGE YOU TO REFER TO www.investor.gov.

 

This Offering is inherently risky. See “Risk Factors” on page 6.

 

The company is following the “Offering Circular” format of disclosure under Regulation A.

 

In the event that we become a reporting company under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, we intend to take advantage of the provisions that relate to “Emerging Growth Companies” under the JOBS Act of 2012. See “Summary -- Implications of Being an Emerging Growth Company.”

 

 

 

 

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

Summary

 

1

 

Risk Factors

 

6

 

Dilution

 

16

 

Plan of Distribution and Selling Securityholders

 

18

 

Use of Proceeds to Issuer

 

23

 

The company’s Business

 

25

 

The company’s Property

 

35

 

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

 

36

 

Directors, Executive Officers and Significant Employees

 

40

 

Compensation of Directors and Officers

 

42

 

Security Ownership of Management and Certain Securityholders

 

43

 

Interest of Management and Others in Certain Transactions

 

44

 

Securities Being Offered

 

45

 

Financial Statements

 

F-1

 

 

In this Offering Circular, the term “Cub Crafters” or “the company” or “CubCrafters” refers to Cub Crafters, Inc., a Delaware corporation, and its consolidated subsidiaries.

 

Other than in the table on the cover page, dollar amounts have been rounded to the closest whole dollar.

 

THIS OFFERING CIRCULAR MAY CONTAIN FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS AND INFORMATION RELATING TO, AMONG OTHER THINGS, THE COMPANY, ITS BUSINESS PLAN AND STRATEGY, AND ITS INDUSTRY.  THESE FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS ARE BASED ON THE BELIEFS OF, ASSUMPTIONS MADE BY, AND INFORMATION CURRENTLY AVAILABLE TO THE COMPANY’S MANAGEMENT.  WHEN USED IN THE OFFERING MATERIALS, THE WORDS “ESTIMATE,” “PROJECT,” “BELIEVE,” “ANTICIPATE,” “INTEND,” “EXPECT” AND SIMILAR EXPRESSIONS ARE INTENDED TO IDENTIFY FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS, WHICH CONSTITUTE FORWARD LOOKING STATEMENTS. THESE STATEMENTS REFLECT MANAGEMENT’S CURRENT VIEWS WITH RESPECT TO FUTURE EVENTS AND ARE SUBJECT TO RISKS AND UNCERTAINTIES THAT COULD CAUSE THE COMPANY’S ACTUAL RESULTS TO DIFFER MATERIALLY FROM THOSE CONTAINED IN THE FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS.  INVESTORS ARE CAUTIONED NOT TO PLACE UNDUE RELIANCE ON THESE FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS, WHICH SPEAK ONLY AS OF THE DATE ON WHICH THEY ARE MADE.  THE COMPANY DOES NOT UNDERTAKE ANY OBLIGATION TO REVISE OR UPDATE THESE FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS TO REFLECT EVENTS OR CIRCUMSTANCES AFTER SUCH DATE OR TO REFLECT THE OCCURRENCE OF UNANTICIPATED EVENTS.

 

 

 

 

SUMMARY INFORMATION

 

This summary highlights some of the information in this Offering Circular. It is not complete and may not contain all the information that you may want to consider. To understand this offering fully, you should carefully read the entire circular, including the section entitled “Risk Factors,” before deciding to invest in our securities.

 

Overview

 

Cub Crafters, Inc. was incorporated under the laws of the state of Washington on October 15, 1986. The company domesticated in Delaware by filing a Certificate of Conversion and Certificate of Incorporation with the state of Delaware on June 14, 2022. The company is a leading producer of adventure/utility aircraft and the only known OEM (Original Equipment Manufacturer) in the world that is simultaneously building in four General Aviation category segments: FAA Certified, ASTM Light Sport, Builder Assist, and Experimental/Amateur-Built Kits.

 

Corporate Information

 

Our principal offices are located at 1918 South 16th Avenue, Yakima, WA 98903. Our telephone number is (509) 248-9491. Our website is www.cubcrafters.com.

 

The Offering

 

This Offering Circular relates to the sale of up to 10,000,000 shares of Series A Preferred Stock., 9,050,000 sold by the company and 950,000 sold by selling shareholders Each share of Series A Preferred Stock is convertible into one share of the company’s Class A Common Stock (i) at any time after the date of issuance at the option of the holder of such share, or (ii)  automatically immediately upon the earlier of (a) the closing of the company’s sale of its Common Stock in a firm commitment underwritten public offering pursuant to a registration statement on Form S-1at a public offering price that results in at least $150,000,000 of gross proceeds to the company and the shares of Common Stock  are listed on the New York Stock Exchange, Nasdaq Global Select Market or Nasdaq Global Market, or (b) the date of the occurrence of events specified by the holders of a majority of the then outstanding shares of Series A Preferred Stock.  See our Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation which appear as Exhibit 2.2 to the offering statement of which this Offering Circular forms a part.

 

Each share of Class A Common Stock has one vote on all matters brought before the shareholders. The holders of the Common Stock shall be entitled to receive, on a pari passu basis, (i) any dividends as may be declared from time to time by the Board of Directors and (ii) in the event of the company’s liquidation, or winding up, whether voluntary or involuntary, subject to the rights of any senior Preferred Stock that may then be outstanding, the assets of the company legally available for distribution to stockholders.

 

There is no established market for or Series A Preferred Stock or Class A Common Stock and the company has no immediate plans to list our shares, of any class, on any over-the-counter (OTC) trading forum or similar exchange.

 

Issuer in this Offering:

 

Cub Crafters, Inc., a Delaware corporation.

 

 

 

Securities Offered:

 

Series A Preferred Stock

 

 

 

Securities Outstanding before this Offering:

 

29,000,000 shares of Class B Common Stock 1,000,000 shares of Series A Preferred Stock

 

 

 

Securities Outstanding after this Offering:

 

29,000,000 shares of Class B Common Stock 10,050,000 shares of Series A Preferred Stock

 

 

 

Price per Share:

 

$5.00

 

 

 

Maximum Shares Offered:

 

An aggregate of 10,000,000 shares of Series A Preferred Stock

 

 

 

Maximum Offering:

 

$50,000,000

 

 

 

Minimum Offering:

 

No minimum

 

 

 
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Table of Contents

 

Minimum Investment:

 

$400

 

 

 

Use of Proceeds:

 

Scaling our operations to meet expanding sales demand, investing in the development of our products and disruptive technology, modernizing our manufacturing facilities and production lines to scale current and next generation aircraft, aftermarket service expansion, and capturing additional market share, and working capital. See “Use of Proceeds” at PAGE 23.

 

 

 

Voting Rights:

 

Each holder of Series A Preferred Stock is entitled to one vote for each share on all matters submitted to a vote of the stockholders.

 

 

 

Risk Factors:

 

Investing in our securities involves risks. See “Risk Factors” for a discussion of certain factors that you should carefully consider before making an investment decision.

 

Implications of Being an Emerging Growth Company

 

We are not subject to the ongoing reporting requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”) because we are not registering our securities under the Exchange Act.  Rather, we will be subject to the more limited reporting requirements under Regulation A, including the obligation to electronically file:

 

 

·

annual reports (including disclosure relating to our business operations for the preceding two fiscal years, or, if in existence for less than two years, since inception, related party transactions, beneficial ownership of the issuer’s securities, executive officers and directors and certain executive compensation information, management’s discussion and analysis (“MD&A”) of the issuer’s liquidity, capital resources, and results of operations, and two years of audited financial statements),

 

 

 

 

·

semiannual reports (including disclosure primarily relating to the issuer’s interim financial statements and MD&A) and

 

 

 

 

·

current reports for certain material events.

 

In addition, at any time after completing reporting for the fiscal year in which our offering statement was qualified, if the securities of each class to which this offering statement relates are held of record by fewer than 300 persons and offers or sales are not ongoing, we may immediately suspend our ongoing reporting obligations under Regulation A.

 

 
2

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If and when we become subject to the ongoing reporting requirements of the Exchange Act, as an issuer with less than $1.07 billion in total annual gross revenues during our last fiscal year, we will qualify as an “emerging growth company” under the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012 (the “JOBS Act”) and this status will be significant. An emerging growth company may take advantage of certain reduced reporting requirements and is relieved of certain other significant requirements that are otherwise generally applicable to public companies. In particular, as an emerging growth company we:

  

 

·

will not be required to obtain an auditor attestation on our internal controls over financial reporting pursuant to the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002;

 

 

 

 

·

will not be required to provide a detailed narrative disclosure discussing our compensation principles, objectives and elements and analyzing how those elements fit with our principles and objectives (commonly referred to as “compensation discussion and analysis”);

 

 

 

 

·

will not be required to obtain a non-binding advisory vote from our shareholders on executive compensation or golden parachute arrangements (commonly referred to as the “say-on-pay,” “say-on-frequency” and “say-on-golden-parachute” votes);

 

 

 

 

·

will be exempt from certain executive compensation disclosure provisions requiring a pay-for-performance graph and CEO pay ratio disclosure;

 

 

 

 

·

may present only two years of audited financial statements and only two years of related Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, or MD&A; and

 

 

 

 

·

will be eligible to claim longer phase-in periods for the adoption of new or revised financial accounting standards.

 

We intend to take advantage of all of these reduced reporting requirements and exemptions, including the longer phase-in periods for the adoption of new or revised financial accounting standards under Section 107 of the JOBS Act. Our election to use the phase-in periods may make it difficult to compare our financial statements to those of non-emerging growth companies and other emerging growth companies that have opted out of the phase-in periods under Section 107 of the JOBS Act.

 

Under the JOBS Act, we may take advantage of the above-described reduced reporting requirements and exemptions for up to five years after our initial sale of common equity pursuant to a registration statement declared effective under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), or such earlier time that we no longer meet the definition of an emerging growth company. Note that this Offering, while a public offering, is not a sale of common equity pursuant to a registration statement, since the Offering is conducted pursuant to an exemption from the registration requirements. In this regard, the JOBS Act provides that we would cease to be an “emerging growth company” if we have more than $1.07 billion in annual revenues, have more than $700 million in market value of our common stock held by non-affiliates, or issue more than $1 billion in principal amount of non-convertible debt over a three-year period.

 

Certain of these reduced reporting requirements and exemptions are also available to us due to the fact that we may also qualify, once listed, as a “smaller reporting company” under the Commission’s rules. For instance, smaller reporting companies are not required to obtain an auditor attestation on their assessment of internal control over financial reporting; are not required to provide a compensation discussion and analysis; are not required to provide a pay-for-performance graph or CEO pay ratio disclosure; and may present only two years of audited financial statements and related MD&A disclosure.

 

 
3

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Summary of Risk Factors

 

 

·

The company may not be able to successfully execute its business plan.

 

 

 

 

·

The company may be unable to raise funds needed to fund further development.

 

 

 

 

·

The company may not be able to effectively manage its growth, and any failure to do so may have an adverse effect on its business viability.

 

 

 

 

·

The company’s primary products are typically considered to be high performance utility aircraft, and therefore do not have an unlimited clientele/customer base.

 

 

 

 

·

The company may be subject to product liability claims and/or regulatory action which could have a material adverse effect on the business, its prospects and reputation.

 

 

 

 

·

The company could be forced to replace or repair faulty parts.

 

 

 

 

·

The company could be subject to legal liability as a result of operations

 

 

 

 

·

An accident could have a material adverse effect on the company's operations

 

 

 

 

·

Our ability to sell our product or service is dependent on outside government regulation which can be subject to change at any time

 

 

 

 

·

Adverse regulatory or policy changes could have a material impact on business.

 

 

 

 

·

The company is partially dependent on third party suppliers and contractors that will need to maintain a high level of expertise and meet strict quality standards.

 

 

 

 

·

The company is subject to supply chain disruptions.

 

 

 

 

·

Volatility and increases in the costs of raw materials, energy, transportation, labor and other necessary supplies or services may negatively impact net earnings and cash flow.

 

 

 

 

·

The company’s facilities and suppliers are subject to disruption by events beyond its control.

 

 

 

 

·

If the company fails to effectively protect its intellectual property, the business may suffer.

 

 

 

 

·

The company may in the future become subject to patent and/or trademark litigation, which would be costly to defend and could invalidate the company’s patents and/or trademarks.

 

 

 

 

·

The business and its prospects for success are dependent on key personnel who are not easy to recruit and retain, especially on the cutting edge of the aerospace industry.

 

 

 

 

·

The company faces competition in the marketplace which could lead to reduced net sales, net earnings, and cash flow.

 

 
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·

The industry is subject to change.

 

 

 

 

·

There is no minimum offering amount, and the Maximum Offering Amount may not be raised.

 

 

 

 

·

The Offering price was determined by us.

 

 

 

 

·

Dilution risk exists for new shareholders.

 

 

 

 

·

Should the company’s securities become quoted on a public market, sales of a substantial number of shares of its type of stock may cause the price of its type of stock to decline.

 

 

 

 

·

You should be aware of the illiquid and long-term nature of this investment.

 

 

 

 

·

Investors in Series A Preferred Stock will not have control over the company’s business and affairs.

 

 

 

 

·

Because the company does not have an audit or compensation committee, shareholders will have to rely on the company’s directors to perform these functions.

 

 

 

 

·

The company’s board has significant discretion over the net proceeds of this Offering.

 

 

 

 

·

The subscription agreement has a forum selection provision that requires disputes be resolved in state or federal courts in the State of Delaware, regardless of convenience or cost to you, the investor.

 

 

 

 

·

Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation provides that the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware and the federal district courts of the United States are the exclusive forums for substantially all disputes between us and our stockholders, which could limit our stockholders’ ability to obtain a favorable judicial forum for disputes with us or our directors, officers, or employees.

 

 

 

 

·

Investors in this Offering may not be entitled to a jury trial with respect to claims arising under the subscription agreement, which could result in less favorable outcomes to the plaintiff(s) in any action under the agreement.

 

 

 

 

·

Using a credit card to purchase shares may impact the return on your investment as well as subject you to other risks inherent in this form of payment.

 

 

 

 

·

The COVID-19 pandemic has affected how we are operating our business, and the duration and extent to which this will impact our future results of operations and overall financial performance remains uncertain.

 

 
5

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RISK FACTORS

 

The SEC requires the company to identify risks that are specific to its business and its financial condition. The company is still subject to all the same risks that all companies in its business, and all companies in the economy, are exposed to. These include risks relating to economic downturns, political and economic events and technological developments (such as COVID, supply chain issues, hacking and the ability to prevent hacking). You should consider general risks as well as specific risks when deciding whether to invest.

 

Risks Related to the Company’s Business:

 

The company may not be able to successfully execute its business plan.

 

In order to continue developing its technology, expand its sales and execute the plans for growth outlined in “Description of Business”, the company must raise significant amounts of capital, foster relationships with key suppliers and attract customers. There is no guarantee that the company will be able to achieve or sustain any of the foregoing within the company’s anticipated timeframe or at all. The company may exceed its budget, encounter obstacles in research and development activities, fail to anticipate customer needs, or be hindered or delayed in implementing the commercialization plans, any of which could imperil the company’s ability to secure additional customer contracts and increase revenues. In addition, any such delays or problems could require the company to secure additional funding over and above what it currently anticipates it will require to sustain the business, which the company may not be able to raise. Additionally, if the company were to make any acquisitions of other companies or assets in the future, it may not be able to successfully integrate such assets or assets successfully into its existing business.

 

The company may be unable to raise funds needed to fund further development.

 

The high level of volatility in the capital markets may make it difficult to raise funds. If the company is unable to raise sufficient funds to continue expanding and commercializing its products in accordance with its business plan, its operations will suffer. The company may also have difficulty securing supplies needed or manufacturing and distribution partners in the event it cannot raise sufficient funds.

 

The company may not be able to effectively manage its growth, and any failure to do so may have an adverse effect on its business viability.

 

The company intends to use the proceeds of this Offering to maximize commercialization of its products for the small backcountry aircraft market and further develop them to address both the current market share and enter new markets. Manufacturing a sophisticated high-tech product with exacting specifications requires expertise and experience which can be difficult to maintain. In addition, the company’s future operating results will depend on its ability to effectively maintain and manage employee, supplier and customer relationships across a broad geographic footprint.

 

The company’s primary products are typically considered to be high-performance utility aircraft, and therefore do not have an unlimited clientele/customer base.

 

If the company does not adequately innovate and further expand its product offerings into other markets, such as international sales, government contracts, military applications, and broader private recreation, the company’s success will not be guaranteed.

 

 
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The company may be subject to product liability claims and/or regulatory action which could have a material adverse effect on the business, its prospects and reputation.

 

The company faces an inherent risk of exposure to product liability claims if the use of our products results in, or is believed to have resulted in, injury or death. The company takes great measures to ensure that its products are compliant to regulatory requirements and safe for approved uses; despite this, liability claims remain possible.

 

If product liability claims and such claims arise, it could have a material adverse effect on the company’s business. The company does not currently maintain product liability insurance. The successful assertion or settlement of a claim could harm the company by adding further costs to the business and by diverting the attention of senior management from the operation of the business. Even if a liability claim is successfully defended, the litigation costs and adverse publicity may be harmful to the business.

 

Any product liability claim may increase the company’s costs and adversely affect its revenues and operating income. Moreover, liability claims arising from a serious adverse event may make it more difficult to secure adequate insurance coverage in the future. In addition, any future product liability insurance may fail to cover future product liability claims, which, if adversely determined, could subject us to substantial monetary damages.

 

The company could be forced to replace or repair faulty parts.

 

In the event one of our planes crashes and it is determined that the reason for the crash is due to a manufacturing defect, the company can be forced to issue an AD (Airworthiness Directive) or other ramifications. This often results in the company being required to pay substantial amounts to replace and/or repair the faulty part in similar aircraft manufactured and sold by the company. This could result in substantial financial expense and harm our company’s reputation.

 

The company could be subject to legal liability as a result of operations

 

The company could be exposed to significant product, service or corporate liability claims as a result of product defects, accidents or other events. A successful liability claim against the company could require the payment of large monetary damages. While the company maintains some forms of aviation and general liability insurance, there can be no assurance that the insurance would insulate the company from adverse effects of liability judgements.

 

An accident could have a material adverse effect on the company's operations

 

Flying aircraft is an inherently risky activity, and a flight accident either in flight testing or consumer operations could have a material adverse effect on the company's operations, including but not limited to liability judgements against it. Even if any such incident were not the responsibility of the company, the company could suffer reputational and other damages.

 

Our ability to sell our product or service is dependent on outside government regulation which can be subject to change at any time

 

The company faces regulatory risk as it is subject to regulation from multiple government agencies including the Federal Aviation Administration in the United States. See “Description of Business -- Regulations” for a description of the regulations we are subject to. Additionally, in other geographies the company may need to gain certification from local aviation regulators, a lengthy and uncertain process.

 

 
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Adverse regulatory or policy changes could have a material impact on business.

 

The company’s business is premised on its facilities and procedures meeting the applicable federal regulations. For example, the type of aircraft the company manufactures are classified as certified, light-sport aircraft, or experimental aircraft. If the FAA were to remove or change these designations, our business could be negatively affected. If the company’s products become subjected to new regulatory oversight or the regulatory framework in these markets becomes more restrictive to the point where some of the products are unable to meet these more restrictive standards, the company will have difficulty in selling its products and potential customers may seek alternatives.

 

The company is partially dependent on third party suppliers and contractors that will need to maintain a high level of expertise and meet strict quality standards.

 

The company currently relies on some external suppliers and manufacturing partners to produce the necessary technology and components for the aircraft, a few examples of which are engines, propellers, tires, and avionics. Due to the high degree of regulation of aerospace products, the company’s suppliers and manufacturing partners require a high level of expertise, certification, and need to meet strict quality standards. The company believes it has established good working relationships with multiple partners; however, if the company is unable to maintain contracts with them, or if any contract is terminated for reasons outside of the company’s control, it may be difficult for to find new suppliers or contractors that are able to meet these standards. Furthermore, to the extent that any of the company’s suppliers provides products that prove to be defective or fail to meet specifications, the company’s business and reputation may suffer. The impact of social distancing measures, related workforce reductions and supply chain disruptions may negatively impact the ability of suppliers to deliver the components the company needs for manufacture or the ability of any of its potential partners to operate effectively to meet requirements

 

The company is subject to supply chain disruptions.

 

Disruptions to the supply chain could substantially impair our ability to deliver consumer products on a timely basis and at desired prices. In the event of any such disruptions, we would need to source components and raw materials from new providers or manufacturers. There is no guarantee that the company would be able to secure such components and/or raw materials. Examples of recent debilitating supply chain issues include engines for Light Sport and kit aircraft models, landing gear materials and fabrication services, composite resin, and others.

 

Volatility and increases in the costs of raw materials, energy, transportation, labor and other necessary supplies or services may negatively impact net earnings and cash flow.

 

Volatility and increases in the costs of raw materials and chemicals, and increases in the cost of energy, transportation, labor, and other necessary supplies may harm results of operations.  Purchase price increases for raw materials and purchased goods, such as engines, aluminum extrusion, and many others have continually soared since COVID and related shortages occurred. The company cannot predict which of its raw materials may be affected in the future. Increased transportation expenses may cause the company to incur unanticipated expenses and impair its ability to distribute products or receive raw materials in a timely manner, which could disrupt operations, strain customer relations, and adversely affect operating profits. If commodity and or other costs increase in the future, such increases could exceed estimates and if the company is unable to increase the prices of products or achieve cost savings to offset such cost increases, the results of operation will be harmed. In addition, even if the company increases the prices of its products in response to increases in the cost of commodities or other cost increases, it may not be able to sustain the price increases. Sustained price increases may lead to declines in sales volume as competitors may not adjust prices or customers may decide not to pay the higher prices, which could lead to sales declines and loss of market share. This could adversely affect the company’s business, financial condition, and results of operations.

 

 
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The company’s facilities and suppliers are subject to disruption by events beyond its control.

 

Operations at the company’s facilities, its landlords, suppliers (including sole-source and single-source suppliers), service providers and customers are subject to disruption for a variety of reasons, including work stoppages, cyber-attacks and other disruptions in information technology systems, demonstrations, disease outbreaks or pandemics, acts of war, terrorism, fire, earthquakes, flooding or other natural disasters, disruptions in logistics, loss or impairment of key manufacturing sites, supplier capacity constraints, raw material and product quality or safety issues, industrial accidents or other occupational health and safety issues. If a major disruption at the company’s facilities or at the facilities of its suppliers were to occur, it could result in injury to people, damages to the natural environment, temporary loss of access to critical data, unauthorized disclosure of sensitive or confidential information, delays in shipments of products to customers, disruptions in supply chain or suspension of operations. Any such disruption could have a material adverse effect on the company’s business, financial condition and results of operations.

 

If the company fails to effectively protect its intellectual property, the business may suffer.

 

The company has several FAA type certificates, trademarks, and patents issued and related technical design, analysis, and test data, and may rely on patents pending to protect future intellectual property, including intellectual property licensed from other parties. There is no assurance that any future patents will be issued with the desired breadth of claim coverage or at all. The failure to obtain patents for any future technology could materially impair the business prospects or, in the case of future development, impair the ability to expand the business into other markets. For the existing patents, and if any more patents are granted, they will, as is generally the case with patents, be subject to uncertainty with respect to their validity, scope, and enforceability and thus the company cannot guarantee you that the patents, or patents that are licensed from third parties, will not be invalidated, circumvented, challenged, or become unenforceable. In cases where the company must license intellectual property from third parties, there is no guarantee that the company will be able to do so on acceptable terms. Some of the company’s proprietary processes, technologies, and know-how are not under patent protection. Although the company intends to seek patent protection where possible and in the best interests of the company, in some cases the law of trade secrets must be relied on to protect the intellectual property. Accordingly, there is a risk that such trade secrets may not stay secret. This risk also applies to confidentiality agreements and inventors’ rights agreements with the company’s strategic partners and employees. There is no assurance that these agreements will not be breached, that the company will have adequate remedies for any breach, or that such persons or institutions will not assert rights to intellectual property arising out of these relationships. Finally, effective patent, trade secret, trademark and copyright protection may be unavailable, limited or not applied for, in certain countries.

 

The company may be subject to allegations of infringement of other parties’ intellectual property, or conversely, be forced to sue those who infringe its intellectual property. Such litigation is usually costly, time-consuming, and would divert resources away from the company’s primary mission. If the company were to lose such lawsuits, it may be compelled to pay damages or to cease development, manufacture, use or sale of the infringing product or trademark.

 

 
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The company may in the future become subject to patent and/or trademark litigation, which would be costly to defend and could invalidate the company’s patents and/or trademarks.

 

No assurance can be given that the company will not become subject to, whether within or outside of the United States, patent and/or trademark infringement claims or litigation or interference proceedings declared by the USPTO to determine the priority of inventions. Defending and prosecuting intellectual property suits, USPTO interference proceedings and related legal and administrative proceedings are costly and time consuming. The company may be obligated to pay all such costs, but there can be no assurance that the company will have the capital or funding available to bear such costs. Litigation may be necessary to enforce the company’s patents, or trademarks, to protect its trade secrets or know-how or to determine the enforceability, scope, and validity of the proprietary rights of others. Any litigation or interference proceedings will be costly and will result in significant diversion of effort by technical and management personnel. An adverse determination in any of the litigation or interference proceedings to which the company may become a party could subject the company to significant liabilities to third parties. However, if the company’s rights are disputed by third parties, the company may be required to cease using such technology, which would have a material adverse effect on the company’s business, financial condition, results of operations, and future growth prospects.

 

The business and its prospects for success are dependent on key personnel who are not easy to recruit and retain, especially on the cutting edge of the aerospace industry.

 

The company relies on key personnel in management, research and development, operations, manufacturing, and marketing. The company will continue to offer key personnel competitive compensation packages, but it cannot assure you that its key personnel will remain with the company or that the company will be able to hire additional personnel with the correct skill sets and qualifications in the future. The company does not maintain any key person insurance and the loss of any of its key personnel could significantly impair the company’s ability to maintain a viable business. In the event one or more of the company’s key personnel exit the business, it may experience financial loss, disruption to the operations and technology development, damage to the brand and reputation and, if any departing person joins a competitor, a weakening of its competitive position.

 

The company faces competition in the marketplace which could lead to reduced net sales, net earnings, and cash flow.

 

The company faces competition from other small aircraft manufacturers and companies. The company’s products are expected to compete with other consolidated and widely advertised, promoted, and merchandised brands within this area of aviation.

 

The company’s products are expected to compete on the basis of product performance, brand recognition, and industry-leading innovation. Advertising, promotion, merchandising and packaging also have significant impacts on consumer purchasing decisions. A newly introduced consumer product (whether improved or newly developed) often encounters intense competition requiring substantial expenditures for advertising, sales promotion, and trade merchandising. If a product gains consumer acceptance, it typically requires continued advertising, promotional support, technical and product support, and product innovations to maintain its relative market position. If the company’s advertising, marketing, and promotional programs, including its use of digital media to reach consumers, are not effective or adequate, the company’s net sales may be negatively impacted.

 

The industry is subject to change.

 

Important factors that may cause the company’s revenues, operating results and cash flows to fluctuate include:

 

 

·

The company’s ability to develop and modify its products, its intellectual property and marketing platform;

 

 

 

 

·

General economic conditions, which may adversely affect demand and thus performance;

 

 

 

 

·

Changes in terms of contracts, whether initiated by us or because of competition;

 

 

 

 

·

The amount and timing of operating costs and capital expenditures related to the operations and expansion of the company’s business;

 

 
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·

Expenses related to significant, unusual or discrete events;

 

 

 

 

·

Extraordinary expenses such as litigation or other dispute-related settlement payments;

 

 

 

 

·

Income tax effects, including the impact of changes in U.S. federal and state tax laws;

 

 

 

 

·

Technical difficulties or interruptions to the company’s research and development or marketing efforts;

 

 

 

 

·

Evolving regulations of our anticipated products and services; and

 

 

 

 

·

Regulatory compliance costs.

 

Many of these factors are outside of the company’s control, and the occurrence of one or more of them might cause the value of any investment in the company’s securities to be substantially impaired or completely eroded.

 

Risks Related to the Company’s Governance and this Offering:

 

There is no minimum offering amount, and the Maximum Offering Amount may not be raised.

 

The Offering does not have a minimum offering amount. All subscription payments received for our securities will, upon acceptance of the associated subscription, immediately available for use by the company, subject to the terms of the escrow arrangements described in “Plan of Distribution.” The company is seeking gross proceeds from the Offering of up to a maximum of $50,000,000. There can be no assurance that the maximum proceeds from the Offering will be raised. If the Maximum Offering Amount is not raised, then the company may be required to obtain capital from other sources, including from debt or preferred stock offerings, diluting the ownership of investors in this Offering and potentially giving other investors superior rights and preferences.

 

The Offering price was determined by us.

 

This Offering is a self-underwritten offering, which means that it does not involve the participation of an underwriter to market, distribute or sell the securities offered under this Offering. Our Offering Price is arbitrary and established by the company itself. The company has engaged Manhattan Street Capital to perform administrative and technology related functions in connection with this Offering, but not for underwriting or broker services. The price at which the securities are being offered bears no relationship to conventional criteria such as book value or earnings per share. There can be no assurance that the Offering price bears any relation to the current fair market value of the securities.

 

Dilution risk exists for new shareholders.

 

Investors in this Offering will suffer immediate dilution with respect to their investments, compared to existing shareholders. See “Dilution”. If the Maximum Offering is not raised, that may increase the amount of long-term debt or the amount of additional equity the company needs to raise.

 

If the Maximum Offering amount is not sold, the company may need to incur additional debt or raise additional equity in order to finance its operations. Increasing the amount of debt will increase the company’s debt service obligations and make less cash available for distribution to its shareholders, in the event any such distributions are permitted. Furthermore, if we raise capital through debt, the holders of our debt would have priority over holders of equity, including the securities sold in this Offering, and we may be required to accept terms that restrict our ability to incur more debt. Increasing the amount of additional equity that the company will have to seek in the future will further dilute those investors participating in this Offering.

 

 
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Should the company’s securities become quoted on a public market, sales of a substantial number of shares of its type of stock may cause the price of its type of stock to decline.

 

Should a market develop, and the company’s shareholders sell substantial amounts of its shares in the public market, shares sold may cause the price to decrease below the current offering price. These sales may also make it more difficult for the company to sell equity or equity-related securities at a time and price that the company deems reasonable or appropriate.

 

You should be aware of the illiquid and long-term nature of this investment.

 

There is no currently established market for reselling these securities and while the company’s plans include seeking a listing on a stock exchange or similar forum in the future, there can be no assurance that it will succeed in being accepted on such a forum or the extent to which liquidity will result from any such listing. The company has no immediate plans to list any of its shares on any over-the-counter (OTC) trading forum or similar exchange. If you decide that you want to resell these securities in the future, you may not be able to find a buyer. You should assume that you may not be able to liquidate your investment for some time, or be able to pledge these shares as collateral.

 

Investors in Series A Preferred Stock will not have control over the company’s business and affairs.

 

Management and controlling shareholders (our three directors) own 100% of the outstanding shares of Class B Common Stock of the company which are entitled to eight votes per share, compared to one vote per share for the Series A Preferred Stock. Even if the Maximum Amount is sold under this Offering as Series A Preferred Stock, investors in this Offering would have approximately 4.13% of the voting power of the company’s shares. Thus, the holders of our Class B Common Stock are expected to control a majority of the voting power for the foreseeable future and therefore control the business and affairs of the company.

 

Because the company does not have an audit or compensation committee, shareholders will have to rely on the company’s directors to perform these functions.

 

The company does not have an audit or compensation committee comprised of independent directors or any audit or compensation committee. The company’s board of directors performs these functions as a whole. No members of the board of directors are independent directors. Thus, there is a potential conflict that board members who are also part of management will participate in discussions concerning management compensation and audit issues that may affect management decisions.

 

The company’s board has significant discretion over the net proceeds of this Offering.

 

The company’s board of directors has significant discretion over the net proceeds of this Offering. As is the case with any business, it should be expected that certain expenses unforeseeable to management at this juncture will arise in the future. There can be no assurance that management’s use of proceeds generated through this Offering will prove optimal or translate into revenue or profitability. Investors are urged to consult with their attorneys, accountants, and personal investment advisors prior to making any decision to invest in the company’s Series A Preferred Stock.

 

 
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The subscription agreement has a forum selection provision that requires disputes be resolved in state or federal courts in the State of Delaware, regardless of convenience or cost to you, the investor.

 

In order to invest in this offering, investors agree to resolve disputes arising under the subscription agreement other than those arising under the federal securities laws in state or federal courts located in the State of Delaware, for the purpose of any suit, action or other proceeding arising out of or based upon the agreement.  This forum selection provision may limit your ability to obtain a favorable judicial forum for disputes with us.  Although we believe the provision benefits us by providing increased consistency in the application of Delaware law in the types of lawsuits to which it applies and in limiting our litigation costs, to the extent it is enforceable, the forum selection provision may limit investors’ ability to bring claims in judicial forums that they find favorable to such disputes, may increase investors’ costs of bringing suit and may discourage lawsuits with respect to such claims. Alternatively, if a court were to find the provision inapplicable to, or unenforceable in an action, we may incur additional costs associated with resolving such matters in other jurisdictions, which could adversely affect our business, financial condition or results of operations. You will not be deemed to have waived the company’s compliance with the federal securities laws and the rules and regulations thereunder.

     

Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation provides that the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware and the federal district courts of the United States are the exclusive forums for substantially all disputes between us and our stockholders, which could limit our stockholders’ ability to obtain a favorable judicial forum for disputes with us or our directors, officers, or employees.

 

Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation provides that the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware and the federal district courts of the United States are the exclusive forum for the following types of actions or proceedings under Delaware statutory or common law:

 

 

·

any derivative action or proceeding brought on our behalf;

 

 

 

 

·

any action asserting a breach of fiduciary duty;

 

 

 

 

·

any action asserting a claim against us arising under the Delaware General Corporation Law, our amended and restated certificate of incorporation, or our amended and restated bylaws; and

 

 

 

 

·

any action asserting a claim against us that is governed by the internal-affairs doctrine.

  

There is uncertainty as to whether a court would enforce this provision as it relates to federal securities laws. This provision would not apply to suits brought to enforce a duty or liability created by the Exchange Act. Section 22 of the Securities Act creates concurrent jurisdiction for federal and state courts over all such Securities Act actions. Accordingly, both state and federal courts have jurisdiction to entertain such claims. To prevent having to litigate claims in multiple jurisdictions and the threat of inconsistent or contrary rulings by different courts, among other considerations, our amended and restated certificate of incorporation  provides that the federal district courts of the United States are the exclusive forum for resolving any complaint asserting a cause of action arising under the Securities Act. While the Delaware courts have determined that such choice of forum provisions are facially valid, a stockholder may nevertheless seek to bring a claim in a venue other than those designated in the exclusive forum provisions. In such instance, we would expect to assert the validity and enforceability of the exclusive forum provisions of our amended and restated certificate of incorporation. This may require significant additional costs associated with resolving such action in other jurisdictions and there can be no assurance that the provisions will be enforced by a court in those other jurisdictions.

 

These exclusive forum provisions may limit a stockholder’s ability to bring a claim in a judicial forum that it finds favorable for disputes with us or our directors, officers, or other employees, which may discourage lawsuits against us and our directors, officers and other employees. If a court were to find either exclusive-forum provision in our amended and restated certificate of incorporation to be inapplicable or unenforceable in an action, we may incur additional costs associated with resolving the dispute in other jurisdictions, which could seriously harm our business.

  

Investors cannot waive compliance with the federal securities laws and the rules and regulations thereunder.

   

 
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Investors in this Offering may not be entitled to a jury trial with respect to claims arising under the subscription agreement, which could result in less favorable outcomes to the plaintiff(s) in any action under the agreement.

 

Investors in this Offering will be bound by the subscription agreement, which includes a provision under which investors waive the right to a jury trial of any claim they may have against the company arising out of or relating to the agreement, other than any claims made under the federal securities laws.

 

If we opposed a jury trial demand based on the waiver, a court would determine whether the waiver was enforceable based on the facts and circumstances of that case in accordance with the applicable state and federal law. In determining whether to enforce a contractual pre-dispute jury trial waiver provision, courts will generally consider whether the visibility of the jury trial waiver provision within the agreement is sufficiently prominent such that a party knowingly, intelligently and voluntarily waived the right to a jury trial. You should consult legal counsel regarding the jury waiver provision before entering into the subscription agreement.

 

If you bring a claim not arising under the federal securities laws in connection with matters arising under the agreement, you may not be entitled to a jury trial with respect to those claims, which may have the effect of limiting and discouraging lawsuits against the company. If a lawsuit is brought against the company under the agreement, it may be heard only by a judge or justice of the applicable trial court, which would be conducted according to different civil procedures and may result in different outcomes than a trial by jury would have had, including results that could be less favorable to the plaintiff(s) in such an action.

 

Nevertheless, if the jury trial waiver provision is not permitted by applicable law, an action could proceed under the terms of the agreement with a jury trial. No condition, stipulation or provision of the subscription agreement serves as a waiver by any holder of the company’s securities or by the company of compliance with any substantive provision of the federal securities laws and the rules and regulations promulgated under those laws.

 

The jury trial waiver only applies to claims against the company arising out of or related to the subscription agreement. As the provisions of the subscription agreement relate to the initial sale of the securities, subsequent transferees will not be bound by the subscription agreement and therefore to the conditions, obligations and restrictions thereunder, including the jury trial waiver.

 

Using a credit card to purchase shares may impact the return on your investment as well as subject you to other risks inherent in this form of payment.

 

Investors in this Offering have the option of paying for their investment with a credit card, which is not usual in the traditional investment markets. Transaction fees charged by your credit card company (which can reach 5% of transaction value if considered a cash advance) and interest charged on unpaid card balances (which can reach almost 25% in some states) add to the effective purchase price of the shares you buy. See “Plan of Distribution and Selling Securityholders.” The cost of using a credit card may also increase if you do not make the minimum monthly card payments and incur late fees. Using a credit card is a relatively new form of payment for securities and will subject you to other risks inherent in this form of payment, including that, if you fail to make credit card payments (e.g. minimum monthly payments), you risk damaging your credit score and payment by credit card may be more susceptible to abuse than other forms of payment. Moreover, where a third-party payment processor is used, as in this Offering, your recovery options in the case of disputes may be limited. The increased costs due to transaction fees and interest may reduce the return on your investment.

 

 
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The SEC’s Office of Investor Education and Advocacy issued an Investor Alert dated February 14, 2018 entitled: Credit Cards and Investments – A Risky Combination, which explains these and other risks you may want to consider before using a credit card to pay for your investment.

 

Risks Related to the COVID-19 Pandemic:

 

The COVID-19 pandemic has affected how we are operating our business, and the duration and extent to which this will impact our future results of operations and overall financial performance remains uncertain.

 

The COVID-19 pandemic is having widespread, rapidly evolving, and unpredictable impacts on global society, economies, financial markets, and business practices. Federal and state governments have implemented measures to contain the virus, including social distancing, travel restrictions, border closures, limitations on public gatherings, work from home, and closure of non-essential businesses. As a result of the pandemic the company had to lay off a small number of its employees early on, but was able to rehire and hire additional staff. While revenues have remained relatively consistent throughout, the company did experience issues with its supply chain. The company has since found new suppliers and stockpiled key and core components to help mitigate. The company has added more vendors and added to the diversity of vendors for our packaging raw materials, so that even if one or more of our vendors have issues with delivering their shipments, we can have other vendors who work as backups to ensure we receive the packaging raw materials we need. We are also ordering materials further in advance to allow for extra lead times for the materials to arrive. We have also made sure to select key partners who are considered “essential businesses.”

 

While we continue to monitor the situation and may adjust our current policies as more information and public health guidance become available, such precautionary measures could negatively affect our customer success efforts, sales and marketing efforts, or create operational or other challenges, such as a reduction in employee productivity because of the work from home requirement, any of which could harm our business and results of operations. Further, if the COVID-19 pandemic has a substantial impact on our employees, partners or third-party service providers’ health, attendance or productivity, our results of operations and overall financial performance may be adversely impacted. Additionally, if employees, partners or third-party services providers return to work during the COVID-19 pandemic, the risk of inadvertent transmission of COVID-19 through human contact could still occur and result in litigation.

 

Beginning in March 2020, the U.S. and global economies have reacted negatively in response to worldwide concerns due to the economic impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic. Although we have not yet experienced a material increase in customer cancellations or a material reduction in our retention rate, we may experience such an increase or reduction in the future, especially in the event of a prolonged economic downturn as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. A prolonged economic downturn could result adversely affect demand for our offerings, retention rates and harm our business and results of operations, particularly in light of the fact that our solutions are discretionary purchases and thus may be more susceptible to macroeconomic pressures, as well impact the value of our Common Stock and Series A Preferred Stock, ability to refinance our debt, and our access to capital. Additionally, we have faced supply chain and shipping issues as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic that could impact our ability to meet customer demands for our products. We have made efforts to address these issues and believe we will avoid them in the future.

 

The duration and extent of the impact from the COVID-19 pandemic depends on future developments that cannot be accurately forecasted at this time, such as the severity and transmission rate of the disease, the extent and effectiveness of containment actions and the impact of these and other factors on our employees, customers, partners and third-party service providers. If we are not able to respond to and manage the impact of such events effectively and if the macroeconomic conditions of the general economy or the industries in which we operate do not improve, or deteriorate further, our business, operating results, financial condition and cash flows could be adversely affected.

 

 
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DILUTION

 

Dilution means a reduction in value, control, or earnings of the shares the investor owns.

 

Immediate dilution

 

An early-stage company typically sells its shares (or grants options over its shares) to its founders and early employees at a very low cash cost, because they are, in effect, putting their “sweat equity” into the company. When the company seeks cash investments from outside investors, like you, the new investors typically pay a much larger sum for their shares than the founders or earlier investors, which means that the cash value of your stake is diluted because all the shares are worth the same amount, and you paid more than earlier investors for your shares.

 

The following table demonstrates the price that new investors under this Offering are paying for their shares with the effective cash price paid by the existing shareholders. The table gives effect to the sale of shares by the company at $12,500,000, $25,000,000, $37,500,000, and $45,250,000 (the maximum amount offered).

    

 

 

 

25%

 

 

 

50%

 

 

 

75%

 

 

 

100%

 

 

$

12,500,000

 

 

$

25,000,000

 

 

$

37,500,000

 

 

$

45,250,000

 

Price per Share for new investors

 

$

5.00

 

 

$

5.00

 

 

$

5.00

 

 

$

5.00

 

Shares issued to new investors

 

 

2,500,000

 

 

 

5,000,000

 

 

 

7,500,000

 

 

 

9,050,000

 

Gross proceeds raised

 

$

12,500,000

 

 

$

25,000,000

 

 

$

37,500,000

 

 

$

45,250,000

 

Less: Estimated offering Expenses

 

$

(1,946,500

)

 

$

(2,997,250

)

 

$

(4,047,750

)

 

$

(5,098,500

)

Net offering proceeds

 

$

10,553,500

 

 

$

22,002,750

 

 

$

33,452,250

 

 

$

40,151,500

 

Adjusted net tangible book value pre-financing

 

 

6,481,465

 

 

 

6,481,465

 

 

 

6,481,465

 

 

 

6,481,465

 

Adjusted net tangible book value post-financing

 

$

17,034,965

 

 

$

28,484,215

 

 

$

39,933,715

 

 

$

46,632,965

 

Shares issued and outstanding pre-financing (1)

 

 

30,000,000

 

 

 

30,000,000

 

 

 

30,000,000

 

 

 

30,000,000

 

Post-financing shares issued and outstanding

 

 

31,550,000

 

 

 

34,050,000

 

 

 

36,550,000

 

 

 

38,100,000

 

Net tangible book value per share prior to offering

 

$

0.22

 

 

$

0.22

 

 

$

0.22

 

 

$

0.22

 

Increase / (Decrease) per share attributable to new investors

 

$

0.32

 

 

$

0.62

 

 

$

0.88

 

 

$

1.01

 

Net tangible book value per share after offering

 

 

0.54

 

 

 

0.84

 

 

 

1.09

 

 

 

1.22

 

Dilution per share to new investors

 

$

4.46

 

 

$

4.16

 

 

$

3.91

 

 

$

3.78

 

 

Net tangible book value Pre-Financing

 

 

 

Total Assets

 

 

24,273,762

 

Total Liabilities (less Stockholder Equity)

 

 

17,792,297

 

Intangible Assets

 

 

-

 

Capital Raised January 1, 2022 through August, 2022

 

 

-

 

Net tangible book value Pre-Financing

 

 

6,481,465

 

 

(1)

On September __, 2022, the company filed an Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation to split each share of Common Stock then outstanding into 580 shares of Class B Common Stock and 20 shares of Series A Preferred Stock. The above table was calculated on a post-split basis.

 

 
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In 2022 to date, the company has issued 30,000,000 shares to its directors, comprising 29,000,000 shares of Class B Common Stock and 1,000,000 shares of Series A Preferred Stock.

 

Future dilution

 

Another important way of looking at dilution is the dilution that happens due to future actions by the company. The investor’s stake in a company could be diluted due to the company issuing additional shares. In other words, when the company issues more shares, the percentage of the company that you own will go down, even though the value of the company may go up. You will own a smaller piece of a larger company. This increase in number of shares outstanding could result from a stock offering (such as an initial public offering, another Regulation A round, a venture capital round, angel investment), employees exercising stock options, or by conversion of certain instruments (e.g., convertible bonds, preferred shares, or warrants) into stock.

 

If the company decides to issue more shares, an investor could experience value dilution, with each share being worth less than before, and control dilution, with the total percentage an investor owns being less than before. There may also be earnings dilution, with a reduction in the amount earned per share (though this typically occurs only if the company offers dividends).

 

The type of dilution that hurts early-stage investors most occurs when the company sells more shares in a “down round,” meaning at a lower valuation than in earlier offerings. An example of how this might occur is as follows (numbers are for illustrative purposes only):

 

 

·

In June 2021 Jane invests $20,000 for shares that represent 2% of a company valued at $1 million.

 

 

 

 

·

In December 2021 the company is doing very well and sells $5 million in shares to venture capitalists on a valuation (before the new investment) of $10 million. Jane now owns only 1.3% of the company but her stake is worth $200,000.

 

 

 

 

·

In June 2022 the company has run into serious problems and in order to stay afloat it raises $1 million at a valuation of only $2 million (the “down round”). Jane now owns only 0.89% of the company and her stake is worth $26,660.

 

This type of dilution might also happen upon conversion of convertible notes into shares. Typically, the terms of convertible notes issued by companies provide that in the event of another round of financing, the holders of the convertible notes get to convert their notes into equity at a “discount” to the price paid by the new investors, i.e., they get more shares than the new investors would for the same price. Additionally, convertible notes may have a “price cap” on the conversion price, which effectively acts as a share price ceiling. Either way, the holders of the convertible notes get more shares for their money than new investors. In the event that the financing is a “down round” the holders of the convertible notes will dilute existing equity holders, and even more than the new investors do, because they get more shares for their money. Investors should pay careful attention to the number of shares of Common Stock underlying convertible notes that the company may issue in the future, and the terms of those notes.

 

If you are making an investment expecting to own a certain percentage of the company or expecting each share to hold a certain amount of value, it’s important to realize how the value of those shares can decrease by actions taken by the company. Dilution can make drastic changes to the value of each share, ownership percentage, voting control, and earnings per share.

 

 
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PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION

 

The Series A Preferred Stock is being offered in the United States pursuant to Regulation A under the Securities Act by the company on a “best-efforts” basis directly to purchasers who satisfy the requirements set forth in Regulation A. The minimum investment by each purchaser in the Offering is $400.  We have the option in our sole discretion to accept less than the minimum investment.

 

We are offering a Maximum Offering of up to 10,000,000 aggregate amount of Series A Preferred Stock at a price of $5.00 per share, on a best-efforts basis, with no minimum offering, meaning that all funds received from the sale of the securities will be immediately available for use by the company. 9,050,000 of the Series A Preferred Stock will be sold by the company and the remaining 950,000 shares of Series A Preferred Stock will be sold selling shareholders. See “Securities Being Offered” for a description of the rights of each class of stock.

 

The company may require all purchasers of securities who pay using credit cards to pay the credit card processing fees estimated to be 3.75% of the purchase price.

 

The company has engaged FundAthena, Inc. dba Manhattan Street Capital (“Manhattan Street Capital” or “MSC”) to act as an advisor. 

 

The company intends to market the shares in this Offering both through online and offline means. Online marketing may take the form of contacting potential investors through electronic media and posting our Offering Circular or “testing the waters” materials on an online investment platform.

 

The company will not be offering securities in Florida, New Jersey, Texas and Washington.

 

The Offering will terminate at the earliest of: (1) the date at which the Maximum Offering amount has been sold, (2) the date which is three years from this Offering being qualified by the Commission, and (3) the date at which the Offering is earlier terminated by the company in its sole discretion. At least every 12 months after this Offering has been qualified by the Commission, the company will file a post-qualification amendment to include the company’s recent financial statements.

 

The company may undertake one or more closings on an ongoing basis. After each closing, funds tendered by investors will be available to the company. After the initial closing of this Offering, the company expects to hold closings on at least a monthly basis.

 

No Minimum Offering Amount

 

The shares being offered will be issued in one or more closings. No minimum number of shares must be sold before a closing can occur; however, investors may only purchase shares in minimum increments of $400. Potential investors should be aware that there can be no assurance that any other funds will be invested in this Offering other than their own funds.

 

Selling Securityholders

 

Certain stockholders of the company intend to sell up to 950,000 shares of Series A Preferred Stock in this Offering. Such selling stockholders will receive total gross proceeds of the offering equal to $4,750,000 assuming all shares of Series A Preferred Stock available for sale are sold.

 

 
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Selling stockholders will participate on a pro rata basis, which means that at each closing selling stockholders will be able to sell its pro rata portion of the shares that the stockholder is offering (as set forth in the table below) of the number of securities being issued to investors. For example, the company will issue shares and receive gross proceeds of $45,250,000 while each of the selling stockholders will receive their pro rata portion of the remaining $4,750,000 in gross proceeds and will transfer their applicable shares to investors in this Offering. Selling stockholders will not offer fractional shares and the shares represented by a stockholder’s pro rata portion will be determined by rounding down to the nearest whole share.

 

After qualification of the offering statement, the selling stockholders will enter into an irrevocable power of attorney (“POA”) with the company and the CEO, as attorney-in-fact, in which they direct the company and the attorney-in-fact to take the actions necessary in connection with the offering and sale of their shares. A form of the POA is filed as an exhibit to the offering statement of which this Offering Circular forms a part.

 

Selling Stockholder

 

Series A Preferred Shares Owned Prior to Offering

 

 

Shares offered by Selling Stockholder

 

 

Shares owned after the Offering

 

 

Stockholder’s Pro Rata Portion ($)

 

Susan Richmond

 

 

900,000

 

 

 

900,000

 

 

 

0

 

 

$ 4,500,000

 

Patrick Horgan

 

 

50,000

 

 

 

50,000

 

 

 

0

 

 

$ 250,000

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

TOTAL

 

 

950,000

 

 

 

950,000

 

 

 

0

 

 

$ 4,750,000

 

 

The Online Platform

 

We have engaged Manhattan Street Capital to perform the following administrative and technology related functions in connection with this offering, but not for underwriting or placement agent services. Manhattan Street Capital will contract the services of third parties; FundAmerica, Enterprise Bank and Stripe; for the purpose of payment processing and storage of confidential investor data. The following administrative and technology related functions that Manhattan Street Capital will perform are listed below:

 

 

·

Accept investor data from potential investors on our behalf;

 

 

 

 

·

Reject investors that do not pass anti-money laundering (“AML”) or that do not provide the required information;

 

 
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·

Process subscription agreements and reject investors that do not complete subscription agreements;

 

 

 

 

·

Reject investments from potential investors who do not meet requirements for permitted investment limits for investors pursuant to Regulation A, Tier 2;

 

 

 

 

·

Reject investments from potential investors with inconsistent, incorrect or otherwise flagged (e.g. for underage or AML reasons) subscriptions;

 

 

 

 

·

Receive and transmit investor data to FundAmerica and Enterprise Bank to store investor details and data confidentially and not disclose to any third party except as required by regulators, by law or in our performance under this Agreement (e.g. as needed for AML).

 

We will pay Manhattan Street Capital for its services in hosting the Offering of the shares on its online platform. Further, we have entered into an Engagement Agreement with Manhattan Street Capital effective December 31, 2020 (the “Engagement Agreement”) which includes consulting services and technology services. We will pay Manhattan Street Capital the following:

 

 

·

A project management retainer fee: $10,000 paid monthly in advance for 9-months, and 90,000 cashless exercise warrants exercisable  at the lowest price at which securities will be sold in the Offering.

 

 

 

 

·

A listing fee of $5,000 per month while the Offering is live for investment or reservations, and the same value of ten-year cashless exercise warrants priced at the lowest price at which securities were sold in the Offering.

 

 

 

 

·

Manhattan Street Capital technology administrative and service fee: $25.00 per investment in the Offering, plus the same value of ten-year cashless exercise warrants priced at the lowest price at which securities were sold in the Offering.

 

 

 

 

·

AML (anti-money laundering) fee of $5 per investor or $15 per trust or company.

 

All fees are due to Manhattan Street Capital regardless of whether investors are rejected after AML checks or the success of the Offering.

 

Manhattan Street Capital does not directly solicit or communicate with investors with respect to offerings posted on its site, although it does advertise the existence of its platform, which may include identifying issuers listed on the platform. The Offering Circular will be furnished to prospective investors in this offering via download 24 hours a day, 7 days a week on the www.manhattanstreetcapital.com website.

 

Payments are processed by the Escrow Agents named below and upon each closing, funds will be deposited immediately available to us at our nominated account. If a subscription is rejected, funds will be returned to subscribers within thirty days of such rejection without deduction or interest. Upon acceptance by us of a subscription, we will send confirmation of such acceptance to the subscriber.

 

 
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Manhattan Street Capital has not investigated the desirability or advisability of investment in the shares nor approved, endorsed, or passed upon the merits of purchasing the Shares. Manhattan Street Capital is not participating as an underwriter and under no circumstance will it solicit any investment in us, recommend our securities or provide investment advice to any prospective investor, or make any securities recommendations to investors. Manhattan Street Capital is not distributing any securities offering prospectuses or making any oral representations concerning the securities offering prospectus or the securities offering. Based upon Manhattan Street Capital’s anticipated limited role in this offering, it has not and will not conduct extensive due diligence of this securities offering and no investor should rely on Manhattan Street Capital’s involvement in this offering as any basis for a belief that it has done extensive due diligence. Manhattan Street Capital does not expressly or impliedly affirm the completeness or accuracy of our Form 1-A and/or Offering Circular presented to investors by us. All inquiries regarding this offering should be made directly to us

 

Investors’ Tender of Funds

 

After the offering statement has been qualified by the SEC, the company will accept tenders of funds to purchase whole shares. No fractional shares will be sold. Prospective investors who submitted non-binding indications of interest during the “test the waters” reservation period will receive an automated message from us indicating that the Offering is open for investment. We will conduct multiple closings on investments (so not all investors will receive their shares on the same date). Each time the company accepts funds is defined as a “Closing.” The company has engaged Prime Trust as the escrow agent for this Offering in all states other than New York and Hawaii and Enterprise Bank as escrow agent for New York and Hawaii (each, an “Escrow Agent” as applicable). The funds tendered by potential investors will be held by the Escrow Agent and will be transferred to the company at each Closing. The escrow agreement can be found in  Exhibit 8.1 to the offering statement of which this Offering Circular is a part. The Escrow Agent has not investigated the desirability or advisability of investment in the shares nor approved, endorsed, or passed upon the merits of purchasing the securities.

 

The company reserves the right to reject any subscription for any reason in its sole discretion.

 

Process of Subscribing

 

After the offering statement has been qualified by the Commission, the company will accept tenders of funds to purchase shares. The company may close on investments on a “rolling” basis (so not all investors will receive their shares on the same date). Investors may subscribe by tendering funds by check, wire transfer, credit or debit card or ACH transfer to the escrow account to be setup by the Escrow Agent. The funds tendered by potential investors will be held by the Escrow Agent in a segregated account exclusively for the company’s benefit. Funds will be transferred to the company at each Closing. The escrow agreement can be found in Exhibit 8.1 to the offering statement of which this Offering Circular is a part.

 

You will be required to complete a subscription agreement in order to invest. The subscription agreement includes a representation by the investor to the effect that, if you are not an “accredited investor” as defined under securities law, you are investing an amount that does not exceed the greater of 10% of your annual income or 10% of your net worth (excluding your principal residence).

 

If you decide to subscribe for the securities in this Offering, you should complete the following steps:

 

 

1.

Go to https://www.manhattanstreetcapital.com/cubcrafters

 

2.

Click on the "Invest Now" button;

 

3.

Complete the online investment form;

 

4.

Deliver funds directly by check, wire, debit card, credit card (which may incur a processing fee of 3.75%), or electronic funds transfer via ACH to the specified account or deliver evidence of cancellation of debt;

 

5.

Once funds or documentation are received an automated AML check will be performed to verify the identity and status of the investor;

 

6.

Once AML is verified, investor will electronically receive, review, execute and deliver to us a Subscription Agreement.

 

 
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Upon confirmation that an investor’s funds have cleared, the company will instruct the Transfer Agent to issue shares to the investor. The Transfer Agent will notify an investor when shares are ready to be issued and the Transfer Agent has set up an account for the investor.

 

Each investor must represent in writing that he/she/it meets the applicable requirements set forth above and in the Subscription Agreement,

 

We maintain the right to accept or reject subscriptions in whole or in part, for any reason or for no reason. All monies from rejected subscriptions will be returned by us to the investor, without interest or deductions.

 

Escrow Agent  

 

Neither Escrow Agent has not investigated the desirability or advisability of investment in the shares nor approved, endorsed or passed upon the merits of purchasing the securities.

 

Prime Trust is a Nevada registered trust company that offers escrow services as well as an integrated technology platform for processing investment transactions. The company has agreed to pay Prime Trust: (i) technology transaction fee of $2.50 per for each subscription processed regardless if the company accepts the investment, (ii) $250 for escrow account set up fee, (iii) $25.00 per month for so long as the offering is being conducted, (iv) for investments over $2,000.00, $2.00 per domestic investor (individual) and $5.00 per domestic investor (entity) for anti-money laundering check (up to $60.00 for international investors (individuals) and $75.00 for international investors (entities)), (v) $3.00 per investor (one-time accounting fee upon receipt of funds), and (vi) any applicable fees for fund transfers (ACH $1.00, check $10.00, wire $15.00 or $35.00 for international).

 

Enterprise Bank & Trust is a Missouri chartered trust company that offers escrow services. The company has agreed to pay Enterprise Bank & Trust a one-time fee of $1,000.00 and $10 per 1099 filing.

 

Transfer Agent

 

The company has also engaged Colonial Stock Transfer, a transfer agent registered with the SEC, who will serve as transfer agent to maintain shareholder information on a book-entry basis. The company estimates the aggregate fee due to for the above services to be approximately $4,200 annually.

 

 
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USE OF PROCEEDS

 

The Use of Proceeds is an estimate based on our current business plan. We may find it necessary or advisable to reallocate portions of the net proceeds reserved for one category to another, or to add additional categories, and we will have broad discretion in doing so.

 

The maximum gross proceeds from the sale of the securities in this Offering are $50,000,000. The net proceeds from the Offering, assuming it is fully subscribed, are expected to be approximately $40,151,500 after the payment of the fixed offering costs and deducting sales by selling shareholders, but before variable costs of marketing, Manhattan Street Capital fees and other compliance fees that may be incurred. The estimate of the budget for offering costs is an estimate only and the actual offering costs may differ from those expected by management.

 

Management of the company has wide latitude and discretion in the use of proceeds from this Offering. Ultimately, management of the company intends to use a substantial portion of the net proceeds for scaling our operations to meet expanding sales backlog demand, investing in the development of our products and disruptive technology, modernizing our manufacturing facilities and production lines to scale current and next generation aircraft, after market service expansion, capturing additional market share, and working capital. However, potential investors should note that this chart contains only the best estimates of the company’s management based upon information available to them at the present time, and that the actual use of proceeds is likely to vary from this chart based upon circumstances as they exist in the future, various needs of the company at different times in the future, and the discretion of the company’s management at all times.

 

The officers and directors of the company will be paid salaries and receive benefits that are commensurate with similar companies, and a portion of the proceeds may be used to pay these ongoing business expenses.

 

The company reserves the right to change the use of proceeds set out herein based on the needs of the ongoing business of the company and the discretion of the company’s management. The company may reallocate the estimated use of proceeds among the various categories or for other uses if management deems such a reallocation to be appropriate.

 

The following table represents management’s best estimate of the uses of the net proceeds, assuming the sale of, respectively, the minimum offering amount, 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% of the Series A Preferred Shares offered for sale by the company in this offering. The table does not include costs to market the offering nor credit card processing fees and is net of approximate proceeds of $4,750,000 to selling shareholders.

 

 

 

 

25%

 

 

50%

 

 

75%

 

 

100%

Gross Proceeds

 

$

12,500,000

 

 

$

25,000,000

 

 

$

37,500,000

 

 

$

50,000,000

 

Estimated Offering Expenses

 

 

1,946,500

 

 

 

2,997,250

 

 

 

4,047,750

 

 

 

5,098,500

 

Proceeds to Selling Shareholders

 

$

1,187,500

 

 

$

2,375,000

 

 

$

3,562,500

 

 

$

4,750,000

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net Proceeds

 

 

9,366,000

 

 

 

19,627,750

 

 

 

29,889,750

 

 

 

40,151,500

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Scaling of Operations to Demand

 

$

1,966,860

 

 

$

4,121,828

 

 

$

6,276,848

 

 

$

8,431,815

 

Research and Development

 

$

2,622,480

 

 

$

5,495,770

 

 

$

8,369,130

 

 

$

11,242,420

 

Manufacturing Modernization

 

$

1,966,860

 

 

$

4,121,828

 

 

$

6,276,848

 

 

$

8,431,815

 

Growth Expansion (1)

 

$

1,873,200

 

 

$

3,925,550

 

 

$

5,977,950

 

 

$

8,030,300

 

Working Capital

 

$

936,600

 

 

$

1,962,775

 

 

$

2,988,975

 

 

$

4,015,150

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total Use of Proceeds

 

 

12,500,000

 

 

 

25,000,000

 

 

 

37,500,000

 

 

 

50,000,000

 

  

(1)

The company’s directors have authorized the use of a portion of the proceeds to be used by the company to purchase certain (some or all) real property currently leased by the company and owned by Richmond Real Estate, a company owned and controlled by Susan Richmond, a director of the company and our largest shareholder, if enough funds are raised. The company’s board has discretion to determine at what point the company has received sufficient proceeds to pursue and close on the purchase of this property or whether to pursue such purchase at all. Terms of such purchase, including purchase price, have not been agreed to.

  

 
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If the company successfully completes an offering and raises sufficient funds the note is repayable in full, at the board’s discretion. If sufficient proceeds are not raised the loan is repayable from January 1, 2023 in monthly installments over nine years. What constitutes sufficient proceeds has not been defined by the company or the note holder.

 

Offering Expenses

 

We expect total expenses from this Offering to range from 10% to 16%, subject to amount raised, with an average of 12% of the gross proceeds of the Offering. Such offering expenses include fixed offering expenses of legal counsel, audit fees to the independent auditor, and blue-sky fees and costs. We will also incur variable fees for compliance costs, transfer agent fees and costs, marketing and sales costs, and the fees payable to Manhattan Street Capital; several of these fees depend upon the amount raised and the number of investors in this Offering.

 

Business Purpose and Working Capital

 

The remainder of the proceeds for this Offering will be employed to pursue our business purpose, including scaling our operations to meet expanding sales backlog demand, investing in the development of our products and disruptive technology, modernizing our manufacturing facilities and production lines to scale current and next generation aircraft, after market service expansion, and capturing additional market share.  Part of the proceeds from this Offering will be used to cover the company’s working capital needs.

 

The company reserves the right to change the use of proceeds at management’s discretion.

 

 
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DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS

 

Summary

 

General Aviation (GA) constitutes a broad scope of aircraft types and uses; among them is what is known as “backcountry” flying, and the associated Short Take Off and Landing (or STOL) capable breed of small aircraft. The diverse range of existing aircraft in operation is a result of both long-proven legacy technology, as well as the influence of new and emerging technologies. Cub Crafters, Inc. (CubCrafters) was founded on the principles of proven legacy aircraft designs with the mission of continuing to bring innovation and improvement to the field of backcountry aircraft, with performance enhancements moving beyond the STOL performance and rough-field capability that has typically defined the sector. We believe that CubCrafters is uniquely positioned to take advantage of growing market demand and accelerating technological improvements in the industry. The intent of this Offering is to bolster this effort, expanding production and aftermarket services for new customers, and completing an increasing variety of emerging growth uses that accelerate, to meet global demands for small aircraft in the aviation market.

 

The Company

 

Cub Crafters, Inc. is a leading producer of adventure/utility aircraft and the only known OEM (Original Equipment Manufacturer) in the world that is simultaneously building in four General Aviation category segments: FAA Certified, ASTM (American Society for Testing and Materials) Light Sport Aircraft (LSA), Builder Assist, as well as Experimental/Amateur-Built Kits (E/A-B). Founded as an aircraft maintenance and rebuilder shop in 1980, the company went on to engineer a continuous stream of performance innovations through FAA approved Supplemental Type Certificates (STC). Continuing to advance the product and business capabilities, the company then gained its own new aircraft designs and production approvals: FAA approved Type Certificates (TC) for the model CC18 and ASTM validation of a new LSA model CC11, becoming a highly regarded manufacturer of new light aircraft in multiple segments.

 

Based on the classic Piper Super Cub aviation platform legacy, the company leverages decades of craftmanship and a lean optimized production line to produce thoroughly modern and innovative aircraft. Well established as an FAA approved Production Certificate (PC) holder, the company brings turnkey experience: designing, testing, certifying, and manufacturing premium aircraft in-house as an Original Equipment Manufacturer (OEM), as well as providing MRO (Maintenance-Repair-Overhaul) services. Manufacturing currently takes place at production facilities in the vicinity of Yakima Air Terminal-McAllister Field, utilizing three campuses comprising 14 facilities in 11 buildings.

 

Backcountry aviation, whereby the aircraft designs are uniquely capable of accessing remote non-airport locations through extraordinary STOL performance, stands out as a popular and rapidly growing market sector. The company believes that its design engineering and disruptive product development strategies are driven by a culture of innovating modifications and improvements, responding to the needs of an enthusiastic and loyal community of backcountry and adventure aircraft users. Customer involved market surveys were performed on the latest models, prior to the decision to produce, to ensure that  desires of the owner-operators were at the center of the product line capabilities.

 

In 2020, the company gained FAA TC approval for the new Lycoming CC393i 215HP engine, developed together with Lycoming. Then, in December of 2021, the company also gained FAA TC approval for the nose gear version of its Flagship XCub, branded the NX Cub. This move made an additive upward market shift to a new mix of potential customers, thus exposing CubCrafters products to all aircraft owner-operators in its niches, not just pilots with tailwheel endorsements for legendary Cub-style landing gear. Today, the company produces seven models, two kits, and in all has released three new STOL adventure versions in recent years: XCub, the 3rd generation Carbon Cub, and NX Cub, all amidst rising market demand.

 

 
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The company has become well established with a history of continual development and flexibility in growing and changing markets since it was founded in 1980.

 

Product History Milestones:

 

 

·

1980 – Cub Crafters is founded by James Richmond to repair and restore Piper Cubs.

 

 

 

 

·

1985 (and continuing through 2018) – CubCrafters gains and develops multiple new FAA STCs to improve the PA18; CubCrafters currently holds 64 STCs for many variants.

 

 

 

 

·

1986 – Company is incorporated as Cub Crafters, Inc.

 

 

 

 

·

1999 – CubCrafters introduces their first "new" airplane, the Piper/CubCrafters PA18, built under the FAA's Spare & Surplus Rule.

 

 

 

 

·

2004 - Earning its FAA Part 21 Production Certificate (PC) and their first FAA Aircraft Type Certificate (TC), CubCrafters introduces the Top Cub: a Part 23 Certified design, based on the Piper Super Cub and inclusive of the most popular Supplemental Type Certificates (STC) improvements.

 

 

 

 

·

2006 - Introduction of the CubCrafters first Light Sport Aircraft (LSA): Sport Cub is a clean-sheet design that advances the genre of backcountry, tailwheel aircraft.

 

 

 

 

·

2009 - A lightweight, 180 horsepower engine is added to Sport Cub. Initially badged Super Sport Cub.

 

 

 

 

·

2010 – LSA model is renamed Carbon Cub SS. Along with Carbon Cub SS, a kit version of the aircraft is offered, the Carbon Cub EX.

 

 

 

 

·

2015 - An innovative builder assist program is introduced for the Carbon Cub line, Carbon Cub FX.

 

 

 

 

·

2016 - XCub certification is completed (6 years in secret development) and introduced as CubCrafters flagship certified aircraft product.

 

 

 

 

·

2017 - XCub G3X glass panel is released, an industry wide first-ever use of experimental primary display avionics in a certified aircraft.

 

 

 

 

·

2017 – The third generation Carbon Cubs, Carbon Cub EX-3 and FX-3 E/A-Bs, are introduced and represent CubCrafters most capable backcountry taildraggers to date. Also, XCub gains EASA certification for EU countries, as well as, FAA Seaplane Approval with Amphibious and straight floats.

 

 

 

 

·

2018 - XCub is awarded international certifications in Japan (JCAB), Canada (TCCA), and Australia (CASA).

 

 

 

 

·

2020 – XCub is certified with the new and more powerful 215hp engine option, Lycoming CC393i, developed together with CubCrafters.

 

 

 

 

·

2021 – XCub is certified with an optional “tricycle” nose landing gear configuration, the NX Cub, while maintaining considerable backcountry airstrip capability. This unique offering is easier to handle on the ground than traditional “taildragger” aircraft, therefore lowering the barriers of entry for pilots interested in the exciting arena of backcountry flying, and eliminating the need for tailwheel specific training and the associated pilot endorsement.

 

Summary of Aircraft Models:

 

 

·

Sport Cub – LSA lightweight baseline design in the Light Sport Category; a clean-sheet modern design in the genre of tailwheel, backcountry aircraft.

 

 

 

 

·

Carbon Cub SS – LSA follow-on to the Sport Cub offered with improved handing, modern avionics, and higher power options than the original Sport Cub.

 

 
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·

Carbon Cub FX & FX-3 – A Builder-Assist, Experimental Amateur Built (E/A-B) category aircraft, with multiple engine and gross weight options. The assisted build process is spread over two visits to the company factory facilities, where customers participate in the manufacture of their own aircraft, meeting FAA majority rule requirements for the build.

 

 

 

 

·

Carbon Cub EX Kits (EX, EX-2 & EX-3) – Packaged kits of parts are delivered to customers to assemble and customize as they build their own aircraft in the E/A-B Amateur-Built Experimental Category. These kits offer the most customization and flexibility to customers, allowing them to maximize performance and mission-specific capabilities. Known as the most complete Cub type kit offered in the industry, each version has been found to meet FAA NKET majority rule evaluations.

 

 

 

 

·

Top Cub – A FAA Part 23 Certified design, offering a stronger, safer, and heavier load bearing capability than original Piper Super Cub while maintaining much of the ease of maintenance and simple manufacturing techniques. The aircraft is available with multiple landing gear options including various tire sizes, skis, or amphibious floats. CubCrafters sold this design, its first generation TC, but maintains the right to build it under license.

 

 

 

 

·

XCub / NX Cub – CubCrafters “Flagship” aircraft, which is offered as two different aircraft models: FAA Part 23 Certified or as a Builder-Assist E/A-B. XCub is available with luxury interiors, a variety of top-quality avionics, flexible landing gear options, and two engine choices, all of which combine to provide a unique and powerfully versatile platform which stands out in the high-performance backcountry aircraft market.

 

Aircraft Models Currently Available In-Production:

 

FAA Certified (3 models)

CC19-180 XCub

CC19-215 XCub or NX Cub (badged as NX when delivered with nose landing gear)

CC18-18 Top Cub (built under license)

 

Builder-Assist (3 models)

CCX-1865 Carbon Cub FX (Gen 2 with fixed pitch propeller)

CCX-2000 Carbon Cub FX-3 (Gen 3 with constant speed propeller)

CCX-2300 XCub or NX Cub (CC393i engine only)

 

Light Sport (1 model)

CC11-160 Carbon Cub SS

 

Kits (2 models)

CCK-1865 Carbon Cub EX-2 (Gen 2 with fixed pitch propeller)

CCX-2000 Carbon Cub EX-3 (Gen 3 with constant speed propeller)

Note – parts and subassemblies are also available for the original EX Kit

 

Market & Competition

 

The aviation sector of the transportation industry comprises commercial, private, and military segments. General Aviation (GA) is normally the designated market used to define all civil aviation operations except for commercial air transport (airliners). GA represents the private transport and recreational components of aviation, with some crossover to military when civil aircraft are used in such capacity. CubCrafters is considered a prominent OEM in the GA recreational aircraft market segment.

 

 
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According to the General Aviation Manufacturers Association (GAMA), the General Aviation (GA) market contributes more than US$ 247 billion to the US economy annually and employs more than 1.2 million citizens. GA aircraft log 25.5 million flight hours every year in the US; two-thirds of air traffic is for business purposes.

 

Regulation and Certification Barriers

 

The aviation industry overall, inclusive of the GA market segments for which CubCrafters operates in, is heavily regulated by the FAA, especially for certified aircraft. The barriers to entry for aviation businesses to start up and gain original FAA certified type certificates, as well as FAA approval for production authorization to continually produce new aircraft, are extremely high. This is due to required knowledge base, necessary experience, high entry cost levels, vast regulatory requirements, and the multi-years of time and effort required for establishing designs and facilities, all while traversing through specific FAA approval processes.

 

Aircraft certification requires extensive FAA standards and systems knowledge and experience, as well as successful execution of design, test, first article build inspection conformities, validation testing, and extensive report documentation, to achieve new certification approval acceptance. This typically requires years of development, significant R&D funding, and in-depth engineering certification effort. Only a few FAA fixed-wing type, standard category type certificates have been newly issued in each of the more recent decades. CubCrafters estimates that the technical certification report documentation alone, that it produced over six years to demonstrate compliance to FAA TC requirement standards for the CC19 XCub aircraft, exceeds forty thousand pages.

 

Further to the type design approvals for certified models, separate development and approval must be achieved for production facilities themselves, to achieve FAA accepted manufacturing processes and quality assurance systems. CubCrafters has earned multiple new, original issue, FAA Part 23 type certificates, and its production facilities have achieved FAA Part 21 approval for the manufacture of complete aircraft, and supplemental designs.

 

Other FAA certified backcountry aircraft that are currently in production, such as competitor American Champion Aircraft’s model 8GCBC Scout, are building from type design certificates originally issued in the 1960s. CubCrafters XCub, a two-seat Part 23 Standard Category aircraft, gained its newly issued type certificate in 2016 and has been since been continually updating the TC to include the latest available engines, propellers, and new landing gear options.

 

General Aviation Market Segments and Competition

 

GA aircraft types are divided as fixed-wing and rotary (helicopters) aircraft, and further by how they are powered: jet, turboprops, piston powered, and electric. For fixed wing aircraft, which are the only type that CubCrafters produces, the market segments are typically defined by the primary role for the aircraft types or models: recreational (two seats typically), private transport (four to eight seats typically), business jets, agricultural, and aerobatic. The key players currently in each of these segments, as reported to GAMA, include:

 

 

·

Recreational: American Champion Aircraft, Aviat, CubCrafters, Flight Design, Icon Aircraft, Pipistrel Aircraft, WACO Aircraft

 

·

Private Transport: AVIC General/Cirrus Aircraft, Daher, Diamond Aircraft, Pilatus, Tecnam, Textron Aviation

 

·

Business Jets: Airbus Corporate Jets, Boeing Business Jets, Bombardier, Dassault Aviation, Embraer, Gulfstream Aerospace, Honda Aircraft, Textron Aviation

 

·

Agricultural: Air Tractor, Thrush Aircraft

 

·

Aerobatic: Extra Aircraft, Game Composites

 

 
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The number of production aircraft delivered per quarter is directly reported to GAMA, optionally by each of the member OEM companies. For first and second quarter of 2022, the following numbers of airplane deliveries were reported publically by the GAMA, for recreational aircraft OEMs as segmented above:

 

 

1.

CubCrafters

34 total (Q1-12, Q2-22)

 

2.

Pipistrel Aircraft

20 total (Q1-8, Q2-12)

 

3.

Icon Aircraft

14 total (Q1-4, Q2-10)

 

4.

Flight Design

7 total (Q1-7; Q2-0; located in Ukraine)

 

5.

American Champion

5 total (Q1-0, Q2-5)

 

6.

WACO Aircraft

4 total (Q1-1, Q2-3

 

Note: Aviat Aircraft did not report.

 

 

Light Sport Aircraft (LSA) are recreational, designed and built to ASTM consensus standards, are limited to two occupants and a maximum of 1320 lbs. (1430 lbs. as seaplanes), and do not require a traditional pilots license. Experimental Amateur Built aircraft (E/A-B) are not approved nor certified by the FAA to any published design and manufacturing Codes of Federal Regulations (CFRs) nor ASTM standards. LSAs and E/A-Bs make-up a significant portion of GA and these aircraft are intended primarily for education and entertainment; they are not authorized for commercial use or for hire.

 

There are a variety of different sized companies, including smaller, boutique makers of LSAs and E/A-Bs worldwide. The number of more common sport airplanes available from LSA suppliers typically numbers approximately 30 to 50+ worldwide. Since their inception and widespread support from the Experimental Aircraft Association (EAA), the number of kits (be it plans only, parts kits, or pre-fabricated fast kits) is vast. In the Cub-style backcountry aircraft LSA and E/A-B space, some of the more recognized competitors include: CubCrafters, Dakota Cub, Legend Aircraft, Backcountry, Javron, Zlin (Czech Republic), and Patriot, a new entrant. While sales data from private, smaller providers is not readily available, CubCrafters is generally understood to be the largest producer in the E/A-B Cub space. While not “Cubs” per se, yet similar as tailwheel STOL type aircraft, Just Aircraft and Kitfox are also in the space as lower cost options.

 

CubCrafters’ designs, tests, certifies and manufactures in each of the three GA segments stated: FAA certified, ASTM LSA, and E/A-B. CubCrafters’ market is a multi-niche subset of GA, focused on producing 2-seat backcountry type aircraft. In these niches, CubCrafters is the dominant producer of certified backcountry aircraft and a prominent maker of LSA, Experimental Builder-Assist, and E/A-B Kits. CubCrafters produced aircraft models and kits are typically considered to command the highest retail prices in the backcountry space.

 

Customer Mission Profiles

 

CubCrafters’ existing customer base has a wide range of different mission profiles that drive their choice to purchase, which further widens the particular market segments that CubCrafters is able to pursue for:

 

 

·

Personal lifestyle and entertainment for backcountry, STOL, and flight enjoyment

 

 

 

 

·

Seeking highest quality products, with proven track record, from a producer that has attained the ability and systems required to design and manufacture FAA certified aircraft

 

 
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·

Wildlife, military, law enforcement, and other special mission uses

 

 

 

 

·

Humanitarian aid and access to outlying communities

 

 

 

 

·

Cost effective and energy efficient remote access

 

 

 

o

smaller aircraft with comparatively low fuel usage compared to larger aircraft

 

 

 

 

 

 

o

mere fraction of comparative costs to acquire and operate, compared to a helicopter

 

 

·

Private transportation for business and residences

 

Direct and Secondary Market Impact Factors

 

Post pandemic supply chain, labor shortages, and changing inflationary economic conditions are present and have impacted GA producers across all segments. CubCrafters preemptively purchased ahead on raw materials, in some cases as much as two years of pre-purchased stock, and continues to interactively manage supply chain pop-up issues. Market impacts due to such supply and economic uncertainty, causing organizational focus on protecting production throughput, has likely slowed new recreation aircraft product development unilaterally and that may continue. CubCrafters has and intends to continue its innovation inertia to invest in R&D initiatives that can result in new products, that the company believes could be monetized within 2 to 5+ years.

 

“Demand for general aviation aircraft continues at a robust pace. Since the initial setbacks of the pandemic, we have seen some segments make strides with growing backlogs and high rates of operations while others are still diligently working to navigate the path to recovery,” said GAMA President & CEO, Pete Bunce on August 24, 2022. “Despite ongoing supply chain and workforce issues, our industry continues to make progress and strategically posture for the future, which is a true testament to our strength and durability.” Aircraft shipments through the second quarter of 2022, when compared to the same period in 2021, saw piston airplanes increase 9.4% with 638 units, turboprops increase 11.8% with 247 units, and business jets increase 9.5% with 289 units. The value of airplane deliveries through the second quarter of 2022 was $9.1 billion, an increase of 5.2%.

 

OEMs that lack cash flow and reserves to bring financial flexibility for dealing with continued supply chain shortages and inflationary escalation may fall out of the market. Long standing legacy recreational aircraft companies, such as Maule Air Inc., have fallen out in recent years. This could also serve as a market share increase opportunity for CubCrafters and others.

 

In 2022, Vans Aircraft, the largest kit producer in the world, unveiled a high wing engineering prototype aircraft that they are considering offering as a new kit. This is an aluminum constructed high-wing design it is developing named the RV-15. While not a Cub-type airframe itself, as it does not offer tubular chromoly steel frame construction around the cabin as Cubs do, it could become popular especially among prior Van’s kit builders if the design passes testing and Van’s decides to pursue it. In that event, it may impact CubCrafters kit sales or perhaps draw even more demand to the backcountry space overall.

 

Since around 2013, the FAA has been considering an initiative to expand the authorized size and weight of LSA aircraft called MOSAIC, Modernization of Special Airworthiness Certificates. This could potentially change the GA market in a variety of ways, likely in a two to five year time period, such as allowing OEMs to build more than the majority rule portion currently in place on E/A-B aircraft. It could further bring new businesses to the industry; under the presumption of ASTM consensus standard validations of LSA aircraft offering less regulatory oversight than is required by FAA certified models. MOSAIC has been delayed multiple times and most recently the FAA stated its intention to release a Notice for Proposed Rule Making (NPRM) in August-2023, for the MOSAIC initiative. The NPRM process itself normally takes six to eighteen months before moving to an actual rule change. The Brazilian civil aviation authorities announced in July-2022 a similar change is being released in Brazil for 2022, allowing LSA to expand there from 1320 lbs. to 3000 lbs. aircraft, up to 185 knot cruise speed, and up to 4 seats. This move may hasten the MOSAIC effort in the US and other countries. As LSA validation is a self-certification process to ASTM consensus standards, OEMs are more likely to pursue LSA development over the higher cost of FAA certification paths. However, LSA aircraft are not authorized for commercial use. CubCrafters will be positioned in both market segments and new product development considerations and strategies will be developed as the landscape of market changes potentially occur due to MOSAIC.

 

 
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There are currently no obvious signs of market saturation in the niche market segments CubCrafters operates, with a growing backlog exceeding 24 months and accelerating. CubCrafters’ recent release of the NX Cub, the nose landing gear equipped version on its XCub, has opened a new market zone for the brand. It has been estimated that approximately 15% of private pilots possess, or plan to pursue, a tailwheel endorsement for flying conventional Cub style landing gear. With the advent of the NX Cub, this substantially expands the market availability by exposing a CubCrafters product to the estimated additional 85% of private pilots that are potential buyers.

 

Employees

 

The company currently has 214 employees, 207 full-time and 7 part-time.

 

Plans for Growth

 

The company is furthering its growth through four primary strategic objectives:

 

 

·

Objective 1 – Satisfy expanding sales demand

 

 

 

 

·

Objective 2 – Aftermarket customer services expansion

 

 

 

 

·

Objective 3 – Facility and manufacturing modernization to scale NexGen aircraft releases

 

 

 

 

·

Objective 4 – Develop and introduce disruptive innovations and new technology

    

Satisfy Expanding Sales Demand

 

The company installed new senior leadership in 2018, who decided to further organically fund R&D, develop new products through customer involved market surveys, and unlease new marketing outreach strategies using key influencers. This resulted in a significant rise in productivity and an eighty-eight percent (88%) increase in annual sales from 2017 to 2018. Demand for new products has risen further, and has consistently outweighed supply, with sales backlogs climbing steadily and bringing scaling opportunity. The company expanded its physical footprint in 2019 by opening a new customer completions center, and now operates from three campuses totaling over 100,000 sq ft. The company intends to take advantage of current acute demand by scaling operations with modernized fabrication equipment, new composite manufacturing expansions, and digital transformation of manufacturing processes.

 

Aftermarket Services Expansion

 

The company intends to expand the current established network of certified dealer and service centers to include additional locations within the Unites States, as well as in overseas markets, to support the growing fleet of active aircraft.  The company further intends to expand its internal Customer Support Department with more automation of the aftermarket part sales system and related support services.

 

 
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Develop and Introduce Disruptive Technology

 

The company intends to continue to implement modern manufacturing techniques, along with scaling up tooling, adding automated design capacity, and improving rapid prototyping equipment. This growth is being directed to take advantage of the powerful combination of new technology, tooling, and manufacturing facilities, partnered with the company’s specialized craftsmanship that has been honed over four decades.

 

The company intends to continue its legacy of innovation to further meet market demand, as well as push the categorical limits of light aircraft. The company has active R&D projects partnering with NASA and educational intuitions. These projects are aiming to develop new technology, integrate the new technologies into the light aircraft platform, and explore the new uses and capabilities that those technological changes are bringing about. Active projects include development of a patented lift augmentation design, including electrical power, which may further expand the performance envelope of the small fixed-wing aircraft.

 

Manufacturing Modernization to Scale NexGen Aircraft Releases

 

The company is scaling up production capacity while modernizing its manufacturing methods and systems. Changes will include increasing fabrication automation with design control, repeatability, and inspections. The company will use upgraded and scaled-up manufacturing equipment, tooling, and fixtures to increase efficiency and production batch sizing. The company intends that the long-standing legacy of crafting skills and knowledge that have been used to manufacture this class of aircraft will be further infused into a modern manufacturing environment, with increased production standardization, modern technology, and new materials.

 

In furtherance of the above objectives, the company may acquire other companies, real estate, or assets. See “Risk Factors – Risks Related to the Company’s Business”.

 

Regulation

 

Our business is heavily regulated. We deal with numerous U.S. government agencies and entities, including but not limited to all of the branches of the U.S. military, NASA, the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) and the Department of Homeland Security. Similar government authorities exist in our non-U.S. markets.

 

Aircraft. In the United States, our aircraft products are required to comply with FAA regulations governing production and quality systems, airworthiness and installation approvals, repair procedures and continuing operational safety. Outside the United States, similar requirements exist for airworthiness, installation and operational approvals. These requirements are generally administered by the national aviation authorities of each country and, in the case of Europe, coordinated by the European Union Aviation Safety Agency.

 

Environmental. We are subject to various federal, state, local and non-U.S. laws and regulations relating to environmental protection, including the discharge, treatment, storage, disposal and remediation of hazardous substances and wastes. We continually assess our compliance status and management of environmental matters to ensure our operations are in compliance with all applicable environmental laws and regulations. Investigation, remediation, and operation and maintenance costs associated with environmental compliance and management of sites are a normal, recurring part of our operations. These costs often are allowable costs under our contracts with the U.S. government. It is reasonably possible that costs incurred to ensure continued environmental compliance could have a material impact on our results of operations, financial condition or cash flows if additional work requirements or more stringent clean-up standards are imposed by regulators, new areas of soil, air and groundwater contamination are discovered and/or expansions of work scope are prompted by the results of investigations.

 

 
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A Potentially Responsible Party (PRP) has joint and several liability under existing U.S. environmental laws. If we were to be designated a PRP by the Environmental Protection Agency or a state environmental agency (which has not been the case so far), we would potentially be liable to the government or third parties for the full cost of remediating contamination at our facilities or former facilities or at third-party sites. If we were required to fully fund the remediation of a site for which we were originally assigned a partial share, the statutory framework would allow us to pursue rights to contribution from other PRPs.

 

Non-U.S. Sales. Our non-U.S. sales are subject to both U.S. and non-U.S. governmental regulations and procurement policies and practices, including regulations relating to import-export control, tariffs, investment, exchange controls, anti-corruption, and repatriation of earnings. Non-U.S. sales are also subject to varying currency, political and economic risks.

 

Intellectual Property

 

CubCrafters holds FAA design and production approvals, inclusive of all proprietary design, analysis, test, and certification technical and commercial data:

 

FAA Production Certificate (PC)

 

 

·

FAA Production Certificate No. 722NM, Issued Feb-12-2007; latest Amendment Jan-3-2022

 

FAA Certified Type Certificates (TC):

 

 

·

A00053SE, Model CC19-180, Issued Jun-2-2016

 

 

 

o

Amended to add Amphibious and Straight Floats, Approved Dec-14-2017

 

 

o

Amended to add Garmin G3X Avionics, Approved Feb-8-2018

 

 

o

Amended for new CC19-215 model, CC393i 215 HP Engine, Approved Oct-10-2020

 

 

o

Amended to add nose landing gear, Approved Dec-3-2021

 

 

·

A00055SE, Model EL-1, Issued Mar-22-2019

 

·

A00057SE, Model CC21-180, Issued Feb-14-2019

 

International Type Certificates (TC):

 

 

·

Europe: EASA.IM.A.638, Model CC19-180, Issued Dec-18-2017

 

 

 

 

·

Japan: JCAB-92, Model CC19-180, Issued Mar-27-2018

 

 

 

 

·

Canada: Transport Canada A-274, Model CC19-18, Issued Feb-28-2018

 

 

 

 

·

Australia: CASA A330, Model CC19-180, Issued Aug-28-2018

 

 

 

 

·

Japan: JCAB 92, Model CC19-180, Issued

 

FAA Certified Supplemental Type Certificates (STC):

 

 

·

CubCrafters holds 64 valid STCs for a wide variety of engineered improvements for PA18, CC18 and other models

 

 
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We have received or filed for the following patents and trademarks:

 

Title 

 

 

Type 

 

 

Application #   

 

 

Filing

Date 

 

 

Status

 

 

 

 

Issue

Date 

 

 

Patent #

 

 

Distributed leading-edge lifting surface slat and associated electric ducted fans for fixed lifting surface aircraft

 

Utility: Non-Provisional

 

 

17/079,911

 

10/26/2020

 

 

Issued

 

 

 2/23/2021

 

 

US10926868B1 

 

 

MARK

Filing Date

Serial #

XCUB (1)

December 11, 2014

86478357

SPORT CLUB

August 9, 2005

78688587

CARBON CUB (1)

October 10, 2014

86420838

CUB (1)

September 21, 2006

77004327

CUB CRAFTERS

August 8, 2005

78688112

TOP CUB

August 8, 2005

78688134

August 10, 2005

78690130

SPORT CLUB (2)

July 7, 2012

9583625

CARBON CUB (2)

July 7, 2012

9583626

TOP CUB (2)

July 7, 2012

9583627

CUB CRAFTERS (2)

July 7, 2012

9583628

CUB (2)

July 7, 2012

9581438

 

(1)

Owned by our wholly owned subsidiary, Cub Marks, LLC

(2)

Filed in People’s Republic of China

 

Litigation

 

There are currently no legal proceedings pending against the company.

 

 
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DESCRIPTION OF PROPERTY

 

The company leases office and manufacturing space from Richmond Real Estate located at 1918 and 1920 South 16th Avenue, Yakima, WA 98903. The company leases approximately 29,000 square feet and 12,270 square feet, respectively. The airport land these buildings occupy is leased to the company by Richmond Real Estate.  Richmond Real Estate holds the land leases with the Yakima Air Terminal – McAllister Field.

 

The company leases manufacturing space from Wilson Commercial Properties.  The three buildings are referred to as the Cub Crafters, Inc. Fabrication Plant.  Each building is 12,000 square feet (36,000 square feet collectively) and are located at 2401 South 26th Avenue, Yakima, WA 98903; 2500 Airport Lane, Yakima, WA 98903; and 2400 Airport Lane, Yakima, WA 98903.

 

The company leases a manufacturing and aircraft completion center space from Richmond Real Estate, located at 2035 Airport Lane, Yakima, WA 98903.  The Completion Center is 11,265 square feet.

 

The company has share ownership, with the Yakima Airpark LLC, in three hangars located at the Yakima Air Terminal-McAllister Field under a sublease agreement.  The three hangars total 9,500 square feet.  The company also has an additional research hangar under sublease, totaling 1,150 square feet.

 

The company has various additional lease and owned storage spaces totaling 4,534 square feet.

 

Total Square Footage: 103,719

 

 
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MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

 

Overview

 

Cub Crafters, Inc. was incorporated under the laws of the state of Washington on October 15, 1986. The company domesticated in Delaware by filing a Certificate of Conversion and Certificate of Incorporation with the state of Delaware on June 14, 2022. The company is a leading producer of adventure/utility aircraft and the only OEM (Original Equipment Manufacturer) in the world that is simultaneously building in four General Aviation market segment categories: FAA Certified, ASTM Light Sport, Builder Assist, and Experimental/Amateur-Built Kits. 2021 brought supply chain shortages and labor availability challenges as a result of a global pandemic. On November 21, 2021, the company founder, James Richmond, passed away.

 

Results of Operations

 

The following represents our performance highlights:

 

Revenues

 

We generate revenues from sales of our production and builder assist aircraft, aircraft kits, aftermarket services, parts sales, and pre-owned aircraft sales. Revenues increased by $382,387 from $32,391,304 for the year ended December 31, 2020 to $32,773,691 for the year ended December 31, 2021, or by 1.2%.

 

            Cost of Sales

 

Cost of sales consists of raw materials, parts, freight, and accrued direct costs to produce, sell, and distribute aircraft products. The cost of sales for 2020 was $20,816,344, resulting in gross profit of $11,574,960 compared to cost of sales for 2021 of $23,317,604 and gross profits of $9,456,087. The increase in cost of revenues and a corresponding reduction on our gross profits was primarily a direct result of pandemic related operational cost increases, inflationary price increases, and supply chain shortages.

 

Operating Expenses

 

The company spends significant amounts on salaries and general administrative expenses to further its product design and offerings. The company recorded total operating expenses of $7,268,535 for 2020 and $8,189,391 for 2021. The increase in our total operating expenses resulted largely from a year-over-year increase in the number of employees, increased labor and related costs of benefits, and continuation of organically funded in-house R&D projects.

 

           Net loss

 

As a result of the foregoing, the company’s net income was $5,948,729 for 2020 and $1,050,536 for 2021. Note that all company R&D activities, including expenses for FAA certification of the new nose gear variant of the XCub FAA Type Certificate IP, were entirely expensed. Earnings, before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization expenses (EBITDA) in 2021 was $1,527,739.

 

 
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Liquidity and Capital Resources

 

As of the date of this Offering Circular, we have primarily been funded from revenue generated by the sales of our aircraft. As of December 31, 2021, the company had approximately $9,907,586 in cash and cash equivalents on hand. We believe that the proceeds from this Offering, together with our cash and cash equivalent balances will be adequate to meet our liquidity and capital expenditure requirements through 2024. If these sources are not sufficient to meet our cash requirements, we will need to seek additional capital, potentially through private placements of equity or debt, to fund our plan of operations.

 

            Liabilities

 

The company has a line of credit with AFC Financial Services, LLC with a maximum borrowing limit of $1,500,000. Interest accrues at WSJP, plus 1.00%. The maturity date is March 18, 2023 and the line is secured by company owned aircraft inventory. The outstanding balance as of December 31, 2021 was $145,000. The interest expense incurred by the company for the year ended December 31, 2021 was approximately $5,000. Additionally, the company has a promissory note payable with Wells Fargo Bank for a $1.5 million loan in 2005. The loan matures on January 5, 2026. Interest accrued at 6.62% and monthly repayments of interest and principal are made. The interest expense incurred by the company for the years ended December 31, 2021 was approximately $33,000. The balance outstanding on the loan was $519,025 at December 31, 2021. Finally, the company entered into a promissory note with Susan Richmond for $809,124. The loan matures in December 2023 and accrues interest at 4.25%. If the company successfully completes an offering and raises sufficient funds, the note is repayable in full at the board’s discretion. If sufficient proceeds are not raised, the loan is repayable from January 1, 2023 in monthly installments over nine years. What constitutes sufficient proceeds has not been defined by the company or the note holder.

 

            Real Property Leases

 

The company rents hangar and office space from the principal stockholder of Cub Crafters, Inc. Terms of the agreement call for monthly payments of $6,000 for the office space and $6,987.63 for the hangar. The Agreement matures January 2029. The Company expects to pay $155,851.56 per year over the course of the Agreement.

 

The company entered into a third party building lease which ends in March 2027.  Total rent expense for the year ended for this lease was approximately $209,000 for the year ended December 31, 2021

 

Future minimum rental payments under all non-cancelable operating leases are as follows:

 

Year ended December 31:

 

2022

 

$ 213,930

 

2023

 

 

218,202

 

2024

 

 

222,566

 

2025

 

 

227,018

 

2026

 

 

231,570

 

Thereafter

 

 

2,797,878

 

 

 

$ 3,911,164

 

 

 
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            Equipment Leases

 

During the year ending December 31, 2021, the company had leased equipment under non-cancelable master lease agreements. Per the lease agreements, the company will own the equipment at the end of the lease.

 

The future minimum payments on the capital lease obligations at December 31, 2021 are as follows:

 

 

 

Amount

 

 

 

 

 

2022

 

$ 249,920

 

2023

 

 

218,964

 

2024

 

 

137,561

 

2025

 

 

128,030

 

2026

 

 

107,600

 

 

 

 

142,104

 

Total capital lease

 

 

984,179

 

 

 

 

 

 

Less: Interest expense

 

 

(96,416 )

Total capital lease obligation

 

 

887,763

 

Less: current portion

 

 

(215,177 )

Capital lease – long term

 

$ 672,586

 

 

The interest expense incurred by the company for the years ended December 31, 2021 was approximately $90,000.

 

Grant Income

 

The company received approximately $261,000 of grant income from the Department of Transportation’s Aviation Manufacturing Jobs Protection Program (“AMJP”).  Under this program they provide funding to eligible businesses, to pay up to half of their compensation costs for certain categories of employees, for up to six months. The Company applied and was awarded $521,998 of which 50% ($260,999) was received in September 2021.

 

 
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Trend Information

 

 

·

Direct labor was reduced from 185 to 158 total employees in first quarter of 2020 due to pandemic related critical supply chain limitations, which necessitated a 13% reduction in production throughput based on available parts and materials. By December 31, 2020, as new supply lines were swiftly opened and sustained, the total labor was recovered to 178 employees, a 12% increase in three quarters.

 

 

 

 

·

Post-pandemic related supply chain issues worsened in 2021, with a few major suppliers proving unable to support production needs, despite their commitments. This caused “make off-line” and “make out-of-order” conditions, harming the LEAN manufacturing systems by necessitating custom build plans. Also, this necessitated additional pivots in “make or buy” decisions, location and development of new suppler relations, and buy-ahead for raw materials. In the case of backlogged engines, for waiting kit customers primarily, the company approached a competitive engine supplier for an alternative design. This product development effort was front-loaded as an engineering development priority; the new engine was announced in Aug-2022 and is expected to be available to ship to customers by fourth quarter 2022.

 

 

 

 

·

New sales demand through 2021, and 2022 YTD, outpaced production capacity with production backlog steadily increasing to over 24 months. Supply/demand analytics suggested a need to raise production output 30%, as labor and sustainable supply could be achieved. To address rising demand and production output needs, direct labor personnel has been steadily increased to 207 total as of August, 2022, a 16% increase in 8 months. Hiring and activation is restricted by availability of talent and subsequent introductory training period implementation.

 

 

 

 

·

Production assembly rate was step-increased in the first quarter of 2022, and again in the second quarter. Aircraft shipments/deliveries improved from 10 in first quarter 2022 to 22 in the second quarter, an 83% increase. Maintaining the increased throughput is the target trend, while managing the continuing climate of sudden supply chain challenges and labor availability growth.

 

 
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DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS, AND SIGNIFICANT EMPLOYEES

 

The directors, executive officers, and significant employees of the company as of the date of this filing are as follows:

 

Name

 

Position

 

Age

 

Date Appointed

 

Term of Office

 

Part Time / Full Time

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Directors

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Susan Richmond

 

Director

 

68

 

2021

 

Indefinite 

 

Part Time

Patrick Horgan

 

Director

 

55

 

2021

 

Indefinite

 

Full Time

Bradley Damm

 

Director

 

51

 

2021

 

Indefinite 

 

Full Time

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Officers

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Patrick Horgan

 

President and CEO

 

55

 

President – 2018

CEO – 2021

 

Indefinite

 

 

Full Time

Bradley Damm

 

Vice President and Sales

 

51

 

VP Sales – 2018

VP Corporate – 2021

 

Indefinite

 

 

Full Time

Richard Johnson

 

Director of Finance

 

74

 

Director of Finance - 2022

 

Indefinite 

 

Full Time

Justin Jansky

 

Secretary

 

35

 

Secretary – 2022

 

Indefinite

 

Full Time

 

Business Experience of Executive Officers

 

Patrick Horgan, President, Chief Executive Officer, and Director.

 

Patrick Horgan has been the company’s President since 2018 and its CEO since 2021, overseeing all OEM operations. Prior to his role as President, Mr. Horgan was the company’s Vice President/Director of Engineering & Product Development from 2015 to 2018 when he led the FAA Part 23 type certificate approval and production certificate approval of CubCrafters’ newest flagship, the XCub, as well as the latest model generation of the Carbon Cub. Horgan also directed the breakthrough certification that authorized the use of experimental avionics in FAA-certified production aircraft, a first in aviation history.  Horgan brings over 30 years’ aircraft development and manufacturing experience in General Aviation, Commercial, and Military industries. Prior to service at the company, he was the General Manager at WACO Classic Aircraft Corporation in Battle Creek, Michigan and was the commercial aircraft manager of the Boeing 777 wheel and brake program for Goodrich Aerospace in Troy, Ohio. He was also a designer on the F/A-18 Super Hornet at McDonnell Douglas (now Boeing) in St. Louis, Missouri. Horgan holds degrees in aeronautical and astronautical engineering from the University of Illinois, and a certificate in Disruptive Strategy from Harvard Business School. He serves as a member of the Board of Directors of the General Aviation Manufacturers Association and on ASTM aircraft standards committees.

 

 
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Table of Contents

 

Bradley Damm, Vice President, Sales, and Director.

 

Brad Damm is Vice President at CubCrafters. He has overseen CubCrafters’ sales, marketing, and brand management operations since 2018. Since first joining CubCrafters in 2013, Brad has served as Factory Direct Sales Manager, the Director of Sales Support, the Global Director of Sales, and the Vice President of Sales and Marketing.  During his tenure, the company has seen new sales records year after year across all of CubCrafters new aircraft and kit product lines, and the CubCrafters brand has risen to new levels of awareness and respect with aviation consumers worldwide. Prior to joining the company, Brad served for over 10 years as the Business Development Manager for one of the largest commercial concrete contractors in the Pacific Northwest, driving the sales and revenue growth that allowed the company to expand from a few dozen to hundreds of employees.

 

Susan Richmond, Director

 

Susan Richmond serves on the Board of Directors for Cub Crafters, Inc.  She has served in the position of Director from October 2021 to present.  Susan Richmond, wife of company founder Jim Richmond, has been a successful entrepreneur and small business owner herself over the last 22 years. She has owned and operated Inklings Bookshop in the Yakima Valley since 2000. Her leadership experience includes serving on the American Booksellers Association Advisory Board and the Pacific Northwest Booksellers Association Board of Directors.  She has also served on a local private school board and as President of a retail merchant association board.  Susan Richmond attended Central Washington State University, Yakima Valley College, and Moody Bible Institute.

 

Richard Johnson, Director of Finance and Treasurer.

 

Rick Johnson is the Director of Finance at CubCrafters and has been with the company since 2017. He has 27 years of previous experience as controller and CFO for fruit packing and timber operations in the Pacific Northwest. He holds a Bachelor of Science in Business Administration from Central Washington University.

 

Justin Jansky, Administrative Manager and Secretary

 

Justin Jansky is the Administrative Manager at CubCrafters. He joined the company in 2015 and has a demonstrated history of successful collaboration on major FAA type certification projects in the general aviation industry, specifically under 14 CFR Parts 21 and 23. He is responsible for process management, document control, facilitating FAA certification processes, coordination with FAA delegates and documenting compliance testing. He holds a bachelor’s degree in technology and applied design.

 

 
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Table of Contents

 

COMPENSATION OF DIRECTORS AND OFFICERS

 

For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2021 we anticipate final compensation of our three highest-paid directors and executive officers as follows:

 

Name

 

Capacities in which

compensation was received

 

Cash

compensation ($)

 

 

Other

compensation ($)

 

 

Total

compensation ($)

 

Patrick Horgan

 

President, CEO and Director

 

$ 257,600.20

 

 

 

0

 

 

$ 257,600.20

 

Bradley Damm (1)

 

Vice President, Sales and Director

 

$ 197,789.00

 

 

 

0

 

 

$ 197,789.00

 

Richard Johnson

 

Director of Finance and Treasurer

 

$ 67,316.00

 

 

 

0

 

 

$ 67,316.00

 

 

For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2021, we paid our directors as a group $8,539.08. There are three directors in this group.

 

(1)

As of December 31, 2021, Mr. Damm also has $190,102.43 in deferred income that has been accrued but has not yet been paid.

 

Pursuant to the company’s compensation award plan, which appears as Exhibit 6.1 to the offering statement of which this Offering Circular forms a part, the company is authorized to issue shares of the company’s Class A or Class B Common Stock to certain employees of the company as determined by the Board of Directors. The number of shares issued under the plan to each participant will be determined by the Board of Directors. The impact of any issuance under the plan will be to further dilute investors in this Offering.

 

 
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Table of Contents

 

SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF MANAGEMENT AND CERTAIN SECURITYHOLDERS

 

The following table displays, as of August 18, 2022, the voting securities beneficially owned by (1) any individual director or officer who beneficially owns more than 10% of any class of our capital stock, (2) all executive officers and directors as a group and (3) any other holder who beneficially owns more than 10% of any class of our capital stock:

 

Beneficial Owner

 

Title of Class

 

Name and Address of Beneficial Ownership

 

 

Amount and Nature of Beneficial Ownership

 

Amount and Nature of Beneficial Ownership Acquirable

 

 

Percentage of Class

 

Susan Richmond

 

Class B Common,

Series A Preferred

 

Susan Richmond

1918 S. 16th Ave, Yakima, WA 98926

 

 

26,100,000 Class B Common Shares and 900,000 Series A Preferred Shares 

 

 

0

 

 

90% of each class

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Patrick Horgan

 

Class B Common,

Series A Preferred

 

Patrick Horgan

1918 S. 16th Ave, Yakima, WA 98926

 

 

1,450,000 Class B Common Shares and 50,000 Series A Preferred Shares 

 

 

0

 

 

5% of each class

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Bradley Damm

 

Class B Common,

Series A Preferred

 

Bradley Damm

1918 S. 16th Ave, Yakima, WA 98926

 

 

1,450,000 Class B Common Shares and 50,000 Series A Preferred Shares 

 

 

0

 

 

5% of each class

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

All executive officers and directors

 

Class B Common,

Series A Preferred

 

n/a

 

 

29,000,000 Class B Common Shares and 1,000,000 Series A Preferred Shares

 

 

0

 

 

100% of each class

 

 

 
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Table of Contents

 

INTERESTS OF MANAGEMENT AND OTHERS IN CERTAIN TRANSACTIONS

 

The company leases office and manufacturing space from Richmond Real Estate located at 1918 and 1920 South 16th Avenue, Yakima, WA 98903. The company leases approximately 29,000 square feet and 12,270 square feet, respectively. The airport land these buildings occupy are leased to the company by Richmond Real Estate.  Richmond Real Estate holds the land leases with the Yakima Air Terminal – McAllister Field. Richmond Real Estate is owned by Susan Richmond, the majority shareholder and a director of the company.

 

The company leases a manufacturing and aircraft completion center space from Richmond Real Estate, located at 2035 Airport Lane, Yakima, WA 98903.  The Completion Center is 11,265 square feet. Richmond Real Estate is a real estate purchasing and holding company owned by Susan Richmond, our majority shareholder and a director of the company.

 

The company has a Promissory Note with Susan Richmond for $809,124.00. The promissory note matures on December 31, 2031. Interest accrues under the loan at 4.25% per annum and terms are 10 years with 1 year interest only and no prepayment penalty.  If the company successfully completes an offering and raises sufficient funds the note is repayable in full, at the board’s discretion. If sufficient proceeds are not raised the loan is repayable from January 1, 2023 in monthly installments over nine years. What constitutes sufficient proceeds has not been defined by the company or the note holder.

 

The company transfers funds to Cub Crafters DISC, Inc., a company owned and controlled by Susan Richmond, our principal shareholder and a director, which acts as an interest charge domestic international sales corporation (“IC‐DISC”) structure for receiving commissions on the company’s export sales based on the greater of 50% of net income on sales of qualified export property or 4% of gross receipts from sales of qualified export property. No commissions were paid to this entity in 2021 but commissions were paid in 2020 and 2019.

 

The company’s directors have authorized the use of a portion of the proceeds to be used by the company to purchase certain (some or all) real property currently leased by the company and owned by Richmond Real Estate, a company owned and controlled by Susan Richmond, a director of the company and our largest shareholder, if enough funds are raised. The company’s board has discretion to determine at what point the company has received sufficient proceeds to pursue and close on the purchase of this property or whether to pursue such purchase at all. Terms of such purchase, including purchase price, have not been agreed to.

 

 
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Table of Contents

 

SECURITIES BEING OFFERED

 

The company is offering a maximum of 10,000,000 Shares of its Series A Preferred Stock at a price of $5.00 per Share. Except as otherwise required by law, the company’s Bylaws, its Certificate of Incorporation, or its Company Resolutions, each share of Series A Preferred Stock shall have 1 vote per share. The Shares of Series A Preferred Stock, when issued, will be fully paid and non-assessable.

 

The following description summarizes important terms of our capital stock. This summary does not purport to be complete and is qualified in its entirety by the provisions of our Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation and our Bylaws, copies of which have been filed as Exhibits to the offering statement of which this Offering Circular is a part. For a complete description of our capital stock, you should refer to our Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation, and our Bylaws, and applicable provisions of the Delaware law.

 

Immediately following the completion of this offering, our authorized capital stock will consist of 40,000,000 shares of Class A Common Stock, $0.0001 par value per share, 33,000,000 shares of Class B Common Stock, $0.0001 par value per share, and 10,050,000 shares of Series A Preferred Stock, $0.0001 par value per share. As of the date of this Offering, the company has 29,000,000 shares of Class B Common Stock and 1,000,000 shares of Series A Preferred Stock issued and outstanding

 

Series A Preferred Stock

 

Voting Rights

 

Holders of the Series A Preferred Stock are entitled to one vote on all matters brought before the shareholders, including the election of directors.

 

Dividend Rights

 

The holders of the Series A Preferred Stock shall be entitled to receive, on a pari passu basis with the holders of our Common Stock, when and as declared by the Board of Directors, out of any assets of the company legally available therefore, such dividends as may be declared from time to time by the Board of Directors.

 

Liquidation Rights

 

In the event of the company’s liquidation, or winding up, whether voluntary or involuntary, subject to the rights of any senior Preferred Stock that may then be outstanding, the assets of the company legally available for distribution to stockholders shall be distributed on an equal priority, pro rata basis to the holders of Common Stock and Preferred Stock as if they were a single class.

 

Conversion Rights

 

Each share of Series A Preferred Stock shall be convertible into shares of the company’s Class A Common Stock (i) at any time after the date of issuance at the option of the holder of such share, or (ii) shall automatically convert into shares of Class A Common Stock immediately upon the earlier of (a) the closing of the company’s sale of its Common Stock in a firm commitment underwritten public offering pursuant to a registration statement on Form S-1 under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, resulting in gross proceeds of at least $150,000,000 and the shares of Common Stock are listed on the New York Stock Exchange, Nasdaq Global Select Market or Nasdaq Global Market, or (b) the date or the occurrence of an event, specified by the holders of a majority of the then outstanding shares of Series A Preferred Stock.  The rate of conversion as of the date of this offering is 1:1, subject to adjustments upon the issuance of additional shares of Common Stock as more fully described in our Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation, which appears as Exhibit 2.2 to the offering statement of which this Offering Circular forms a part.

 

Common Stock

 

Class A Common Stock and Class B Common Stock (together, “Common Stock”) have the same rights, except with respect to voting.

 

Voting Rights

 

Each share of Class B Common Stock has eight votes on all matters brought before the shareholders. Each share of Class A Common Stock has one vote on all matters brought before the shareholders.

 

 
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Table of Contents

 

Election of Directors

 

The holders of the Common Stock, together with the holders of the Series A Preferred Stock, are entitled to elect, remove and replace all directors of the company.

 

Dividend Rights

 

The holders of the Common Stock shall be entitled to receive, on a pari passu basis, when and as declared by the Board of Directors, out of any assets of the company legally available therefore, such dividends as may be declared from time to time by the Board of Directors.

 

Liquidation Rights

 

In the event of the company’s liquidation, or winding up, whether voluntary or involuntary, subject to the rights of any senior Preferred Stock that may then be outstanding, the assets of the company legally available for distribution to stockholders shall be distributed on an equal priority, pro rata basis to the holders of Common Stock

 

Uncertificated Securities

 

All of the Common and Preferred Stock are, or would be upon issuance, uncertificated. The company will maintain at its principal headquarter offices a list of each shareholder of the company, including number of Common and Preferred Stock held by such shareholder and other relevant contact information of each shareholder.

 

No Trading Market

 

Our Common Stock is not traded on a national exchange. There is no market for our Common Stock.

 

 
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Table of Contents

 

ONGOING REPORTING AND SUPPLEMENTS TO THIS OFFERING CIRCULAR

 

We will be required to make annual and semi-annual filings with the SEC. We will make annual filings on Form 1-K, which will be due by the end of April each year and will include audited financial statements for the previous fiscal year. We will make semi-annual filings on Form 1-SA, which will be due by September 28 each year, which will include unaudited financial statements for the six months to June 30. We will also file a Form 1-U to announce important events such as the loss of a senior officer, a change in auditors or certain types of capital-raising. We will be required to keep making these reports unless we file a Form 1-Z to exit the reporting system, which we will only be able to do if we have less than 300 shareholders of record and have filed at least one Form 1-K.

 

At least every 12 months while this Offering is open, we will file a post-qualification amendment to the offering statement of which this Offering Circular forms a part, to include the company’s recent financial statements. 

 

We may supplement the information in this Offering Circular by filing a Supplement with the SEC.

 

All these filings will be available on the SEC’s EDGAR filing system. You should read all the available information before investing.

 

Relaxed Ongoing Reporting Requirements

 

If we become a public reporting company in the future, we will be required to publicly report on an ongoing basis as an “emerging growth company” (as defined in the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012, which we refer to as the JOBS Act) under the reporting rules set forth under the Exchange Act. For so long as we remain an “emerging growth company”, we may take advantage of certain exemptions from various reporting requirements that are applicable to other Exchange Act reporting companies that are not “emerging growth companies”, including but not limited to:

 

 

·

not being required to comply with the auditor attestation requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act;

 

 

 

 

·

taking advantage of extensions of time to comply with certain new or revised financial accounting standards;

 

 

 

 

·

being permitted to comply with reduced disclosure obligations regarding executive compensation in our periodic reports and proxy statements; and

 

 

 

 

·

being exempt from the requirement to hold a non-binding advisory vote on executive compensation and shareholder approval of any golden parachute payments not previously approved.

 

If we become a public reporting company in the future, we expect to take advantage of these reporting exemptions until we are no longer an emerging growth company. We would remain an “emerging growth company” for up to five years, although if the market value of our Common Stock that is held by non-affiliates exceeds $700 million as of any June 30 before that time, we would cease to be an “emerging growth company” as of the following December 31.

 

If we do not become a public reporting company under the Exchange Act for any reason, we will be required to publicly report on an ongoing basis under the reporting rules set forth in Regulation A for Tier 2 issuers. The ongoing reporting requirements under Regulation A are more relaxed than for “emerging growth companies” under the Exchange Act. The differences include, but are not limited to, being required to file only annual and semiannual reports, rather than annual and quarterly reports. Annual reports are due within 120 calendar days after the end of the issuer’s fiscal year, and semiannual reports are due within 90 calendar days after the end of the first six months of the issuer’s fiscal year.

 

In either case, we will be subject to ongoing public reporting requirements that are less rigorous than Exchange Act rules for companies that are not “emerging growth companies”, and our shareholders could receive less information than they might expect to receive from more mature public companies.

 

 
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Table of Contents

 

AUDITED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

 

 

 

Consolidated Financial Statements of

 

Cub Crafters, Inc. and Affiliates

 

For the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019

 

 

F-1

 

 

Table of Contents

 

Report of Independent Auditor

 

F-3

 

Financial Statements

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Consolidated Balance Sheet

 

F-4

 

Consolidated Income Statement

 

F-5

 

Consolidated Statement of Changes in Owner’s Equity

 

F-6

 

Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows

 

F-7

 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

 

F-8

 

  

 
F-2

Table of Contents

 

  

INDEPENDENT AUDITOR’S REPORT

 

October 20, 2021

 

To: Board of Directors, CUB CRAFTERS, INC. and subsidiaries

Re: 2020-2019 Consolidated Financial Statement Audit

 

We have audited the accompanying consolidated financial statements of CUB CRAFTERS, INC. (a corporation organized in Washington) (the “Company”), which comprise the consolidated balance sheets as of December 31, 2020 and 2019, and the related consolidated statements of income, stockholders’ equity/deficit, and cash flows for the calendar year periods thus ended, and the related notes to the financial statements.

 

Management’s Responsibility for the Financial Statements

Management is responsible for the preparation and fair presentation of these financial statements in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America; this includes the design, implementation, and maintenance of internal control relevant to the preparation and fair presentation of financial statements that are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error.

 

Auditor’s Responsibility

Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audit. We conducted our audit of the Company’s financial statements in accordance with auditing standards generally accepted in the United States of America. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free from material misstatement.

 

An audit involves performing procedures to obtain audit evidence about the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. The procedures selected depend on the auditor’s judgment, including the assessment of the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to fraud or error. In making those risk assessments, the auditor considers internal control relevant to the entity’s preparation and fair presentation of the financial statements in order to design audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the entity’s internal control. Accordingly, we express no such opinion.

 

An audit also includes evaluating the appropriateness of accounting policies used and the reasonableness of significant accounting estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our audit opinion.

 

Opinion

In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2020 and 2019, and the consolidated results of its operations, shareholders’ equity/deficit and cash flows for the calendar year periods thus ended in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

 

Sincerely,

 

IndigoSpire CPA Group

 

IndigoSpire CPA Group, LLC

Aurora, CO

 

October 20, 2021

 

 
F-3

Table of Contents

 

Cub Crafters, Inc. and Affiliates

 

 

 

Consolidated Balance Sheets

 

 

As of December 31, 2020 and 2019

See independent auditor’s report

Expressed in US dollars

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Note

 

2020

 

 

2019

 

ASSETS

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Current assets:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cash and Cash Equivalents

 

 

 

$ 8,882,812

 

 

$ 2,705,304

 

Accounts Receivables

 

*

 

 

2,690,946

 

 

 

958,543

 

Prepaid Expenses and Other Receivables

 

 

 

 

74,480

 

 

 

324,653

 

Inventory

 

*

 

 

8,347,072

 

 

 

8,960,721

 

Intercompany

 

 

 

 

165,332

 

 

 

165,088

 

Total Current Assets

 

 

 

 

20,160,642

 

 

 

13,114,309

 

Non-Current Assets:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Property, Plant and Equipment

 

*

 

 

2,101,079

 

 

 

1,677,345

 

TOTAL ASSETS

 

 

 

$ 22,261,721

 

 

$ 14,791,654

 

LIABILITIES AND EQUITY

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Current Liabilities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Accrued Payable and Accrued Liabilities

 

*

 

$ 10,573,620

 

 

$ 9,549,124

 

Notes Payable Current Portion

 

*

 

 

346,474

 

 

 

150,199

 

Total Current Liabilities

 

 

 

 

10,920,094

 

 

 

9,699,323

 

Non-Current Liabilities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Notes Payable Non-Current Portion

 

*

 

 

1,183,574

 

 

 

883,008

 

Total Non-Current Liabilities

 

 

 

 

1,183,574

 

 

 

883,008

 

Total Liabilities

 

 

 

$ 12,103,668

 

 

$ 10,582,331

 

SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Share Capital

 

*

 

 

5,000

 

 

 

5,000

 

Paid-In Capital

 

 

 

 

740,614

 

 

 

740,614

 

Retained Earnings

 

 

 

 

3,463,710

 

 

 

1,042,196

 

Year to Date Earnings

 

 

 

 

5,948,729

 

 

 

2,421,513

 

Total Shareholders’ Equity

 

 

 

 

10,158,053

 

 

 

4,209,323

 

TOTAL LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY

 

 

 

$ 22,261,721

 

 

$ 14,791,654

 

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

 

 
F-4

Table of Contents

 

Cub Crafters, Inc. and Affiliates

 

 

 

Consolidated Statements of Income

 

 

As of December 31, 2020 and 2019

See independent auditor’s report

Expressed in US dollars

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2020

 

 

2019

 

Revenue:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net Sales

 

$ 32,391,304

 

 

$ 32,314,458

 

Cost of Goods

 

 

20,816,344

 

 

 

22,042,178

 

Gross Profit

 

 

11,574,960

 

 

 

10,272,280

 

Expenses:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Research and Development

 

 

599,406

 

 

 

762,265

 

Salaries and General Administrative

 

 

6,506,693

 

 

 

6,543,877

 

Sales and Marketing

 

 

47,032

 

 

 

213,933

 

Warranty and Loss

 

 

115,404

 

 

 

85,071

 

Total Expenses

 

 

7,268,535

 

 

 

7,605,146

 

Net Operating Income

 

 

4,306,425

 

 

 

2,667,134

 

Other Income (Expenses)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

PPP Forgiveness

 

 

1,807,300

 

 

 

0

 

All Other

 

 

(164,996 )

 

 

(245,620 )

Total Net Income

 

$ 5,948,729

 

 

$ 2,421,514

 

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

 

 
F-5

Table of Contents

  

Cub Crafters, Inc. and Affiliates

Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholder Equity

For the years ended December 2020 and 2019

See independent auditor's report

Expressed in US dollars

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Common Stock

 

 

Additional

Paid-In Capital

 

 

Retained Earnings

 

 

Total Equity

 

BALANCE AS OF JANUARY 1, 2019

 

 

5,000

 

 

 

735,314

 

 

 

1,042,196

 

 

$ 1,782,510

 

Net Income

 

 

-

 

 

 

-

 

 

 

2,421,514

 

 

 

2,421,514

 

Contributions

 

 

-

 

 

 

330,000

 

 

 

-

 

 

 

330,000

 

Distributions

 

 

-

 

 

 

324,700

 

 

 

-

 

 

 

324,700

 

BALANCE AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2019

 

 

5,000

 

 

 

740,614

 

 

 

3,463,710

 

 

$ 4,209,324

 

Net Income

 

 

-

 

 

 

-

 

 

 

5,948,729

 

 

 

5,948,729

 

BALANCE AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2020

 

 

5,000

 

 

 

740,614

 

 

 

9,412,439

 

 

$ 10,158,053

 

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

 

 
F-6

Table of Contents

  

Cub Crafters, Inc. and Affiliates

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flow

For the Years ending December 31, 2020 and 2019

See independent auditor’s report

Expressed in US Dollars

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2020

 

 

2019

 

Net Income

 

$ 5,948,729

 

 

$ 2,421,514

 

Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Depreciation

 

 

264,776

 

 

 

367,529

 

(Increase)/Decrease in Assets:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Accounts Receivable

 

 

(1,732,402 )

 

 

395,850

 

Inventory

 

 

613,649

 

 

 

1,080,449

 

Prepaid Expenses

 

 

250,319

 

 

 

(286,475 )

Advances

 

 

-

 

 

 

(382 )

Other

 

 

(390 )

 

 

221,129

 

Increase/(Decrease) in Liabilities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Account Payable & Accrued Liabilities

 

 

1,116,358

 

 

 

211,300

 

Customer Deposits

 

 

(321,341 )

 

 

(3,150,638 )

Accrued Expenses

 

 

425,754

 

 

 

98,986

 

Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities

 

 

6,565,452

 

 

 

1,359,262

 

Cash Flows from Investing Activities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

Purchase of Equipment and Leasehold Improvements

 

 

(677,510 )

 

 

(111,164 )

Patent/Intellectual Properties

 

 

(11,000 )

 

 

-

 

Cash Flows from Financing Activities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Increase/(Decrease in Long-Term Debt

 

 

300,566

 

 

 

(423,724 )

Cash Distribution

 

 

-

 

 

 

(324,700 )

Net Increase in Cash and Equivalents

 

 

6,177,508

 

 

 

499,674

 

Cash Beginning of the Period

 

 

2,705,304

 

 

 

2,205,630

 

Cash End of the Period

 

$ 8,882,812

 

 

$ 2,705,304

 

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

 

 
F-7

Table of Contents

  

Cub Crafters, Inc. and Affiliates

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

For the years ending December 31, 2020 and 2019

Expressed in US dollars

 

Note 1 – Description of Operations

 

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Cub Crafters, Inc.; Cub Crafters Group, LLC; Cub Crafters Services, LLC; Cub Crafters Resale, LLC; Cub Crafters Avionics, LLC; and Cub Crafters DISC, Inc. (together the Company). Cub Crafters, Inc., is a manufacturer of certified and light-sport aircraft, aircraft kits, and parts. The Company is the sole member of Cub Crafter Services, LLC, which repairs and rebuilds aircraft and related parts.

 

During the year ending December 31, 2020, all activities related to Cub Crafters Services, LLC, were recorded on Cub Crafters, Inc. Cub Crafters Resale, LLC, purchases and sells used aircraft. Cub Crafters Avionics, LLC, provides testing and certification on aircraft instruments. Cub Crafters DISC, Inc., receives commissions on behalf of Cub Crafters, Inc., for international sales. The principal place of business for the Company is located in Yakima, Washington. All significant intercompany transactions have been eliminated.

 

Note 2 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

 

Basis of Accounting – The Company uses the accrual method of accounting for financial statement purposes. Accordingly, revenues and expenses are recognized as income and expenses when incurred.

 

The consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with United States generally accepted accounting policies (“US GAAP”) and have been prepared on a historical cost basis except for certain assets and financial liabilities which are measured at fair value. The Company’s reporting currency and the functional currency of all its operations is the U.S. dollar, as it is the primary currency of the primary economic environment in which the Company operates.

 

Revenue Recognition – The Company recognizes revenue on an accrual basis. In 2019, the Company initiated recognizing revenue on an accrual basis and a percentage of completion basis.

 

Cash and Cash Equivalents –The Company maintains substantially all its cash and cash equivalents at one financial institution. The account balances generally exceed amounts insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation. Management does not anticipate any material effects on the consolidated position of the Company as of result of this concentration.

 

Accounts Receivable – While the majority of revenue is generated on a prepay basis, the Company provides limited credit in the normal course of business to select customers who are primarily located in the United States.

 

Management’s evaluation resulted in no allowance for doubtful accounts as of the consolidated balance sheet date.

 

Inventory – The Company’s inventory is valued at average cost. Work in progress costs are stated as costs incurred to date. Finished goods include all direct and indirect costs.

 

Property and Equipment – Property and equipment are stated at cost. Depreciation is computed under the straight- line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets as follows:

 

Leasehold improvements

life of the lease

Aircraft and equipment  

3 – 29 years

 

Depreciation expense for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019 was $264,776 and $367,529, respectively.

 

Major additions and improvements are capitalized, while replacements, maintenance, and repairs, which do not improve or extend the life of the respective assets, are expensed as incurred.

 

 
F-8

Table of Contents

   

Cub Crafters, Inc. and Affiliates

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

For the years ending December 31, 2020 and 2019

Expressed in US dollars

 

Other property and equipment – Other property, plant, and equipment, consisting of research and development equipment and manufacturing equipment is measured at cost less accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment losses. Cost includes expenditures directly attributable to the acquisition of the asset.

 

Income Statement, Balance Sheet, and Statement of Cash Flows – The Company initiated a change in Revenue Recognition in 2019 to reflect percentage of completion. This resulted in a one-time significant change in Revenue, COGS, Net Income, Inventory, and Customer Deposits, reflected on the Income Statement, Balance Sheet, and Statement of Cash Flows.

 

Sales Taxes – The Company operates in jurisdictions that charge sales tax on transactions to nonexempt customers. The Company’s accounting policy is to exclude the sales tax collected and remitted from revenues and cost of goods sold. Sales taxes collected from customers represent a current liability until remitted to the appropriate government agency.

 

Income Taxes – Pursuant to an election to be taxed as an S corporation and limited liability companies, the tax consequences of the company’s operations are included in the tax return of the stockholder / member. Therefore, no amounts have been recorded in these consolidated statements for federal income taxes.

 

Management evaluated the Company’s tax position and concluded that the Company had taken no uncertain tax positions that required adjustment to the consolidated statements for federal income taxes. The Company’s income tax returns are subject to review and examination by federal authorities.

 

Use of Estimates – The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

 

Reclassification – Certain amounts reported in the December 31, 2019 Financial statements have been reclassified, as necessary, to conform to the December 31, 2020 financial statement presentations.

 

Note 3 – Inventory

 

Inventory consisted of the following at December 31:

 

 

 

2020

 

 

2019

 

Used and Demo Aircraft

 

$ 2,253,719

 

 

$ 2,701,701

 

Work in Progress

 

 

1,269,001

 

 

 

1,770,972

 

Parts and Supplies

 

 

4,824,352

 

 

 

4,488,048

 

Total

 

$ 8,347,072

 

 

$ 8,960,721

 

 

Note 4 – Accounts Payable and Accrued Liabilities

 

Accounts payable as at December 31, 2020 and 2019 consist primarily of amounts outstanding for operating expenses that are non-interest bearing and are normally due on 30-to-60-day terms.

 

Accrued expenses as at December 31, 2020 and 2019 consist primarily of other operation expenses.

 

 
F-9

Table of Contents

 

Cub Crafters, Inc. and Affiliates

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

For the years ending December 31, 2020 and 2019

Expressed in US dollars

 

Note 5 – Customer Advances 

 

Advances are comprised of cash received from customers throughout the sale and manufacturing process as outlined in the sales agreement. Under the terms of the sales agreements, the customer advances are nonrefundable. The Company recognizes revenue associated with these advances at the time of aircraft sale or forfeiture of the advance through customer notification. Customer advances at December 31, 2020 and 2019 were $6,862,303 and $7,183,644, respectively.

 

Note 6 – Operating Expenses

 

Operating Expenses consist of the following:

 

 

 

2020

 

 

2019

 

Research and Development

 

$ 599,406

 

 

$ 762,265

 

Salaries and General Administrative

 

 

6,506,693

 

 

 

6,543,877

 

Sales and Marketing

 

 

47,032

 

 

 

213,933

 

Warranty and Loss

 

 

115,404

 

 

 

85,071

 

 

 

$ 7,268,535

 

 

$ 7,605,146

 

 

Note 7 – Line of Credit

 

The Company has a line of credit with AFC Financial Services, LLC with a maximum borrowing limit of $1,500,000. Interest accrues at WSJP, plus 1.00%. The credit line is due March 18,2021 and is secured by aircraft inventory. Amounts owed at December 31,2020 and 2019 were $145,000 and $145,000, respectively.

 

Note 8 – Long Term Debt

 

Long-term debt consisted of the following as of December 31:

 

Creditor/Lender Name

 

Maturity Date

 

Interest Rate

 

 

Term

 

Principle

Balance 31-Dec-20

 

People's Capital Leasing Corp

 

4/19/2024

 

Built In

 

 

5 yr

 

 

64,966

 

People's Capital Leasing Corp

 

10/31/2023

 

Built In

 

 

5 yr

 

 

112,889

 

People's Capital Leasing Corp

 

11/27/2022

 

Built In

 

 

3 yr

 

 

18,231

 

Leaf Capital Leasing Corp

 

11/17/2025

 

Built In

 

 

5 yr

 

 

87,389

 

US Bank Equipment

 

6/18/2023

 

 

7.870%

 

5 yr

 

 

40,047

 

US Bank Equipment

 

11/30/2027

 

 

4.180%

 

7 yr

 

 

588,645

 

Wells Business Bkg Support Group

 

1/5/2026

 

 

6.620%

 

20 yr

 

 

615,254

 

Ford Credit

 

3/10/2021

 

 

5.89%

 

5 yr

 

 

2,630

 

AFC LOC

 

3/18/2021

 

WSJP + 1%

 

 

1 yr

 

 

145,000

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

$ 1,675,048

 

 

 
F-10

Table of Contents

 

Cub Crafters, Inc. and Affiliates

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

For the years ending December 31, 2020 and 2019

Expressed in US dollars

 

Note 9 – Commitments and Contingencies 

 

From time to time, the Company is exposed to the possibility of liabilities arising from taxes, guarantees, lawsuits, environmental issues, and various other matters occurring in the ordinary course of business. On the basis of information furnished from legal counsel and others, management believes liabilities from existing or potential contingencies, if any, will not be significant.

 

The Company leases certain property under a 40-year lease signed in 1995, which requires a monthly payment of $1,726. The payment is subject to adjustments based on inflation over the lease term. In addition, the Company leases additional property under a 10-year lease. The lease requires monthly payments of $17,192 and is subject to a twelve-month contract adjustment. The Company rents hanger and office space from the stockholder of Cub Crafters, Inc. Terms of the agreement call for monthly payments of $6,000 and matures in 2029. The Company leases hanger space under a 3-year lease with monthly payments of $6,987.63 and matures in 2022.

 

Future minimum payments of leased property as of December 31, 2020 are as follows for the next five year:

 

2021

 

 

406,150.32

 

2022

 

 

410,358.84

 

2023

 

 

414,651.48

 

2024

 

 

419,030.04

 

2025

 

 

423,496.08

 

 

Note 10 – Product Warranty

 

The Company does not maintain a separate Product Warranty reserve. Historical Product Warranty expenses have been deemed immaterial by management and are expensed as recognized.

 

Note 11 – Profit-Sharing Plan

 

The Company sponsors a discretionary profit-sharing plan that includes substantially all of their employees. The plan is funded through annual contributions determined by the Company’s Board of Directors. There were no contributions for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019.

 

Note 12 – Employee 401 (k) Plan

 

The Company sponsors a 401(k)-retirement plan (the Plan) for employees who meet certain eligibility requirements. The Plan is subject to the provisions of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974. Under the terms of the Plan, the Company matches 100% of employee contributions up to 4% of the employee’s compensation. The Company’s matching contribution was $243,837 and $270,518 for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively.

 

Note 13 – Related-Party Transactions

 

The Company rents hanger and office space from the stockholder of Cub Crafters, Inc. Terms of the agreement call for monthly payments of $6,000. The Agreement matures January 2029. The Company expects to pay $72,000 per year over the course of the Agreement. The Company transfers funds to Cub Crafters DISC, Inc., an interest charge domestic international sales corporation (“IC-DISC”) structure for receiving commissions on behalf of Cub Crafters, Inc. for international sales. The Company’s funding was $103,952 and $271,450, respectively.

 

 
F-11

Table of Contents

  

Cub Crafters, Inc. and Affiliates

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

For the years ending December 31, 2020 and 2019

Expressed in US dollars

 

Note 14 – Risk and Uncertainties 

 

Due to the state of the market for insurance in recent years, the Company, and many small aircraft manufacturers, have been unable to obtain insurance for product liability at rates and on terms that they consider reasonable. Consequently, the Company is, to a significant degree, without insurance for risks associated with product liability.

 

Note 15– Concentrations

 

During the year ended December 31, 2020, the Company had sales to two customers which exceeded 10% of total sales for the year. Total sales from these customers represented approximately 12.5% and 10.6% of total sales during the year ended December 31, 2020.

 

Note 16 – Management of Capital

 

The Company’s objectives when managing capital are to safeguard the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern and to maintain a flexible capital structure which optimizes the costs of capital. The Company considers its capital for this purpose to be its shareholders equity and debt.

 

The Company manages its capital structure and makes adjustments to it in light of changes in economic conditions and the risk characteristics of the underlying assets. To maintain or adjust the capital structure, the Company may seek additional financing or dispose of assets.

 

In order to facilitate the management of its capital requirements, the Company monitors is cash flows and credit policies. There are no external restrictions on the Company’s capital.

 

Note 17 – Management of Financial Risks

 

The risks to which the Company’s financial instruments are exposed are:

 

Credit Risk

Credit risk is the risk of unexpected loss if a customer or third party to a financial instrument fails to meet its contractual obligations. The Company is exposed to credit risk through its cash held at financial institutions and trade receivables from customers.

 

The Company has cash balances primarily at one financial institution. The Company has not experienced any loss on these accounts, although balances in the accounts may exceed the insurable limits. The Company considers credit risk from cash to be minimal.

 

Accounts receivable, collections, and payments from customers are monitored and the Company conducts most of its business on a prepaid basis.

 

On December 31, 2020 and 2019, the Company had $2,690,946 and $958,543 respectively in trade and other receivables. The Company considers the maximum exposure to credit risk to be its trade and other receivables. The Company expects to collect these amounts in full and has not provided an expected credit loss allowance against these amounts.

 

Liquidity Risk

Liquidity Risk is the risk that the Company will encounter difficulty in meeting the obligations associated with its financial liabilities as they become due. The Company’s approach to managing liquidity is to ensure, as far as possible, that it will always have sufficient liquidity to meet its liabilities when due, under both normal and stressed conditions, without incurring unacceptable losses.

 

 
F-12

Table of Contents

 

Cub Crafters, Inc. and Affiliates

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

For the years ending December 31, 2020 and 2019

Expressed in US dollars

 

Interest rate risk

Interest rate risk is the risk that changes in interest rates will affect the fair value or future cash flows of the Company’s financial instruments. The Company is exposed to interest rate risk as a result of holding fixed rate obligations of varying maturities as well as through certain floating rate instruments. The Company considers its exposure to interest rate risk to be minimal.

 

Note 18 – Paycheck Protection Program (PPP)

 

In response to the 2020 COVID-19 Pandemic, the Company applied for, and was awarded, loan funding under the Paycheck Protection Program (PPP). Loan funds were approved for forgiveness at 100% and converted to grant status. Award funding was $1,807,300.

 

Note 19 – Subsequent Events

 

Subsequent events are events or transactions that occur after the consolidated balance sheet date but before consolidated financial are issued. The Company recognizes in the consolidated financial statements the effects of all subsequent events that provide additional evidence about conditions that existed at the date of the consolidated balance sheet, including the estimates inherent in the process of preparing the consolidated financial statements. The Company’s consolidated financial statements do not recognize subsequent events that provide evidence about conditions that did not exist at the date of the consolidated balance sheet but arose after the consolidated balance sheet date and before consolidated financial statements are available to be issued.

 

The Company has evaluated subsequent events through October 20, 2021, which is the date the consolidated financial statements are available to be issued.

   

 
F-13

Table of Contents

 

Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements and Independent Auditor’s Report

 

Cub Crafters, Inc.

 

December 31, 2021

 

 
F-14

 

 

Cub Crafters, Inc.

 

Table of Contents

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Independent Auditor’s Report

F-16

Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements:

Consolidated and Combined Balance Sheet

F-18

Consolidated and Combined Statement of Operations

F-19

Consolidated and Combined Statement of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity

F-20

Consolidated and Combined Statement of Cash Flows

F-21

Notes to Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements

F-22

 

 
F-15

Table of Contents

 

 

 

INDEPENDENT AUDITOR’S REPORT

 

To the Stockholders of Cub Crafters, Inc.

 

Opinion

 

We have audited the accompanying consolidated and combined financial statements of Cub Crafters, Inc. (the “Company”), which comprise the consolidated and combined balance sheet as of December 31, 2021, and the related consolidated and combined statements of operations, stockholders’ equity and cash flows for the year then ended, and the related notes to the consolidated and combined financial statements.

 

In our opinion, the consolidated and combined financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Cub Crafters, Inc. as of December 31, 2021, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for the year then ended in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

 

Basis for Opinion

 

We conducted our audit in accordance with auditing standards generally accepted in the United States of America. Our responsibilities under those standards are further described in the Auditor’s Responsibilities for the Audit of the Financial Statements section of our report. We are required to be independent of the Company and to meet our other ethical responsibilities in accordance with the relevant ethical requirements relating to our audit. We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our audit opinion.

 

Responsibilities of Management for the Financial Statements

 

Management is responsible for the preparation and fair presentation of the financial statements in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America, and for the design, implementation, and maintenance of internal control relevant to the preparation and fair presentation of financial statements that are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error.

 

In preparing the consolidated and combined financial statements, management is required to evaluate whether there are conditions or events, considered in the aggregate, that raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern within one year after the date that the financial statements are available to be issued.

 

Auditor’s Responsibilities for the Audit of the Financial Statements

 

Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements as a whole are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and to issue an auditor’s report that includes our opinion. Reasonable assurance is a high level of assurance but is not absolute assurance and therefore is not a guarantee that an audit conducted in accordance with generally accepted auditing standards will always detect a material misstatement when it exists. The risk of not detecting a material misstatement resulting from fraud is higher than for one resulting from error, as fraud may involve collusion, forgery, intentional omissions, misrepresentations, or the override of internal control. Misstatements are considered material if there is a substantial likelihood that, individually or in the aggregate, they would influence the judgment made by a reasonable user based on the financial statements.

 

McNAMARA and ASSOCIATES, PLLC CERTIFIED PUBLIC ACCOUNTANTS & ASSOCIATES

also d/b/a ASSURANCE DIMENSIONS CERTIFIED PUBLIC ACCOUNTANTS & ASSOCIATES

TAMPA BAY: 4920 W Cypress Street, Suite 102 | Tampa, FL 33607 | Office: 813.443.5048 | Fax: 813.443.5053

JACKSONVILLE: 4720 Salisbury Road, Suite 223 | Jacksonville, FL 32256 | Office: 888.410.2323 | Fax: 813.443.5053

ORLANDO: 1800 Pembrook Drive, Suite 300 | Orlando, FL 32810 | Office: 888.410.2323 | Fax: 813.443.5053

SOUTH FLORIDA: 2000 Banks Road, Suite 218 | Margate, FL 33063 | Office: 754.800.3400 | Fax: 813.443.5053

www.assurancedimensions.com

 

 
F-16

Table of Contents

 

 

In performing an audit in accordance with generally accepted auditing standards, we:

 

 

·

Exercise professional judgment and maintain professional skepticism throughout the audit.

 

 

 

 

·

Identify and assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to fraud or error, and design and perform audit procedures responsive to those risks. Such procedures include examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements.

 

 

 

 

·

Obtain an understanding of internal control relevant to the audit in order to design audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control. Accordingly, no such opinion is expressed.

 

 

 

 

·

Evaluate the appropriateness of accounting policies used and the reasonableness of significant accounting estimates made by management, as well as evaluate the overall presentation of the financial statements.

 

 

 

 

·

Conclude whether, in our judgment, there are conditions or events, considered in the aggregate, that raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern for a reasonable period of time.

 

We are required to communicate with those charged with governance regarding, among other matters, the planned scope and timing of the audit, significant audit findings, and certain internal control related matters that we identified during the audit.

Spokane, Washington

August 31, 2022

 

McNAMARA and ASSOCIATES, PLLC CERTIFIED PUBLIC ACCOUNTANTS & ASSOCIATES

also d/b/a ASSURANCE DIMENSIONS CERTIFIED PUBLIC ACCOUNTANTS & ASSOCIATES

TAMPA BAY: 4920 W Cypress Street, Suite 102 | Tampa, FL 33607 | Office: 813.443.5048 | Fax: 813.443.5053

JACKSONVILLE: 4720 Salisbury Road, Suite 223 | Jacksonville, FL 32256 | Office: 888.410.2323 | Fax: 813.443.5053

ORLANDO: 1800 Pembrook Drive, Suite 300 | Orlando, FL 32810 | Office: 888.410.2323 | Fax: 813.443.5053

SOUTH FLORIDA: 2000 Banks Road, Suite 218 | Margate, FL 33063 | Office: 754.800.3400 | Fax: 813.443.5053

www.assurancedimensions.com

 

 
F-17

Table of Contents

    

Cub Crafters, Inc.

 

 

 

Consolidated and Combined Balance Sheet

 

 

 

As of December 31, 2021

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Assets

 

 

 

Current assets:

 

 

 

Cash and cash equivalent

 

$ 9,907,586

 

Accounts receivable, net of allowance for doubtful accounts

 

 

819,538

 

Costs and estimated earnings in excess of billings on uncompleted contracts

 

 

557,630

 

Inventories, net

 

 

10,215,169

 

Income tax receivable

 

 

547,090

 

Prepaid expenses & other assets

 

 

336,909

 

Total current assets

 

 

22,383,922

 

 

 

 

 

 

Long-term assets:

 

 

 

 

Property and equipment, net

 

 

1,879,482

 

Intangible asset, net

 

 

10,358

 

Total long-term assets

 

 

1,889,840

 

Total assets

 

$ 24,273,762

 

 

 

 

 

 

Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity

 

 

 

 

Current liabilities:

 

 

 

 

Accounts payable

 

$ 1,316,957

 

Accrued liabilities

 

 

1,132,200

 

Customer deposits

 

 

11,657,783

 

Costs and estimated earnings in excess of billings on uncompleted contracts

 

 

1,287,745

 

Line of credit

 

 

145,000

 

Capital leases, current portion

 

 

215,177

 

Note payable, current portion

 

 

129,756

 

Total current liabilities

 

 

15,884,618

 

 

 

 

 

 

Long-term liabilities:

 

 

 

 

Capital leases, net of current portion

 

 

672,586

 

Notes payable, net of current portion

 

 

389,269

 

Deferred income tax liability

 

 

36,700

 

Related party note payable

 

 

809,124

 

Total liabilities

 

 

17,792,297

 

 

 

 

 

 

Stockholders' equity:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Common stock, $0.1 par value, 50,000 shares authorized, 50,000 shares issued and outstanding as of December 31, 2021

 

 

5,000

 

Additional paid in capital

 

 

747,614

 

Retained earnings

 

 

5,728,851

 

Total stockholders' equity

 

 

6,481,465

 

Total liabilities and stockholders' equity

 

$ 24,273,762

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of this financial statement.

 

 
F-18

Table of Contents

 

Cub Crafters, Inc.

 

 

 

Consolidated and Combined Statement of Operations

 

 

 

For the Year Ended December 31, 2021

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net sales

 

$ 32,773,691

 

Cost of sales

 

 

23,317,604

 

Gross profit

 

 

9,456,087

 

 

 

 

 

 

Operating expenses:

 

 

 

 

Salaries and wages

 

 

3,602,523

 

General and administrative expenses

 

 

3,171,354

 

Research and development

 

 

460,769

 

Rent

 

 

439,061

 

Depreciation and amortization

 

 

261,043

 

Warranty

 

 

254,641

 

Total operating expense

 

 

8,189,391

 

 

 

 

 

 

Income from operations

 

 

1,266,696

 

 

 

 

 

 

Other income (expense)

 

 

 

 

Interest income

 

 

19,896

 

Interest expense

 

 

(127,969 )

Grant income

 

 

260,999

 

Other expense, net

 

 

(144,476 )

Other (expense) income, net

 

 

8,450

 

 

 

 

 

 

Income before income taxes

 

 

1,275,146

 

Income tax expense

 

 

(224,610 )

Net income

 

$ 1,050,536

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of this financial statement.

 

 
F-19

Table of Contents

 

Cub Crafters, Inc.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Consolidated and Combined Statement of Changes in Stockholders' Equity

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

For the Year Ended December 31, 2021

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Common  

 

 

Additional 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Common

Shares

 

 

Stock, at

par

 

 

 Paid-In

Capital

 

 

Retained

Earnings

 

 

Total

Equity

 

Balance, December 31, 2020

 

 

50,000

 

 

$ 5,000

 

 

$ 740,614

 

 

$ 9,412,438

 

 

$ 10,158,052

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Distributions, net

 

 

-

 

 

 

-

 

 

 

7,000

 

 

 

(4,734,124 )

 

 

(4,727,124 )

Net income

 

 

-

 

 

 

-

 

 

 

-

 

 

 

1,050,537

 

 

 

1,050,537

 

Balance, December 31, 2021

 

 

50,000

 

 

$ 5,000

 

 

$ 747,614

 

 

$ 5,728,851

 

 

$ 6,481,465

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of this financial statement.

 

 
F-20

Table of Contents

 

Cub Crafters, Inc.

 

 

 

Consolidated and Combined Statement of Cash Flows

 

 

 

For the Year Ended December 31, 2021

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cash from operating activities:

 

 

 

Net income

 

$ 1,050,536

 

Adjustments to reconcile net income to cash provided by operating activities:

 

 

 

 

   Depreciation expense and amortization

 

 

261,043

 

   Deferred taxes

 

 

36,700

 

   Bad debt expense

 

 

76,561

 

Increase (decrease) in cash due to changes in:

 

 

 

 

Accounts receivable

 

 

1,141,866

 

Costs and estimated earnings in excess of billings on uncompleted contracts

 

 

94,594

 

Inventories

 

 

(1,868,096 )

Prepaid taxes

 

 

(547,090 )

Prepaid expenses and other assets

 

 

(261,672 )

Accounts payable

 

 

287,087

 

Accrued liabilities

 

 

(430,176 )

   Customer deposits

 

 

6,321,427

 

   Billings in excess of cost and estimated earnings on uncompleted contracts

 

 

(238,202 )

Net cash provided by operating activities

 

 

5,924,578

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cash flows from investing activities:

 

 

 

 

 Purchase of property and equipment

 

 

(86,911 )

   Net cash used by investing activities

 

 

(86,911 )

 

 

 

 

 

Cash flows from financing activities:

 

 

 

 

Payments on capital leases

 

 

(27,032 )

Payments on notes payable

 

 

(96,228 )

Distributions, net

 

 

(3,918,001 )

   Net cash used by financing activities

 

 

(4,041,261 )

 

 

 

 

 

Net decrease in cash

 

 

1,796,406

 

Cash, beginning of period

 

 

8,111,180

 

Cash, end of period

 

$ 9,907,586

 

 

 

 

 

 

Supplemental Disclosure of Cash Flow Information

 

 

 

 

Cash paid for interest expense

 

$ 127,969

 

Cash paid for income taxes

 

$ 735,000

 

 

 

 

 

 

Supplemental Disclosure of Non-Cash Flow Information

 

 

 

 

Distributions converted to related party notes payable

 

$ 809,124

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of this financial statement.

 

 
F-21

Table of Contents

 

Cub Crafters, Inc.

Notes to the Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements

December 31, 2021

 

Note A – Organization and Description of Business

 

The consolidated and combined financial statements include the accounts of Cub Crafters, Inc.; Cub Crafters Group, LLC; Cub Crafters Services, LLC; Cub Crafters Resale, LLC and Cub Crafters Avionics, LLC. (together the Company).

 

 

·

Cub Crafters Group, is a wholly owned subsidiary manufacturer of certified and light‐sport aircraft, aircraft kits, and parts.

 

 

 

 

·

Cub Crafter Services, LLC, a wholly owned subsidiary, which repairs and rebuilds aircraft and related parts.

 

 

 

 

·

Cub Crafters Avionics, LLC, a wholly owned subsidiary, provides testing and certification on aircraft instruments.

 

 

 

 

·

Cub Crafters Resale, LLC, purchases and sells used aircraft. This entity is combined due to common ownership and the ability of management to exercise control over this entity. In December 2021, this entity became a wholly owned subsidiary of Cub Crafters, Inc.

 

During the year ending December 31, 2021, all activities related to Cub Crafters Services, LLC, were recorded on Cub Crafters, Inc. Cub Crafters DISC, Inc., an affiliated entity receives commissions on behalf of Cub Crafters, Inc., for international sales. The principal place of business for the Company is located in Yakima, Washington. All significant intercompany transactions have been eliminated.

 

Note B – Significant Accounting Policies

 

Basis of Presentation

 

The accompanying consolidated and combined financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”).

 

Principles of Consolidation

 

The accompanying consolidated and combined financial statements and related notes include the Company and its wholly owned subsidiaries as discussed in Note A. All significant inter-company accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

 

Use of Estimates

 

The preparation of consolidated and combined financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

 

Recently Issued Accounting Standards Not Yet Adopted

 

In February 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842), intended to improve financial reporting about leasing transactions. The ASU affects all companies and other organizations that lease assets such as real estate, airplanes, and manufacturing equipment. Under the new guidance, a lessee will be required to recognize assets and liabilities for leases with lease terms of more than 12 months. Consistent with current GAAP, the recognition, measurement, and presentation of expenses and cash flows arising from a lease by a lessee primarily will depend on its classification as a finance or operating lease. However, unlike current GAAP—which requires only capital leases to be recognized on the balance sheet—the new ASU will require both types of leases to be recognized on the balance sheet. The ASU on leases will take effect for all non-public companies for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2021. The Company is currently evaluating the impact this standard will have on the consolidated and combined financial statements.

 

 
F-22

Table of Contents

    

Cub Crafters, Inc.

Notes to the Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements

December 31, 2021

 

Note B – Significant Accounting Policies

 

Recently Issued Accounting Standards Not Yet Adopted (continued)

 

On December 18, 2019, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued Accounting Standards Update ASU 2019-12, Income Taxes (Topic 740), on Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes. The decisions reflected in the ASU update specific areas of ASC 740, Income Taxes, to reduce complexity while maintaining or improving the usefulness of the information provided to users of financial statements. The ASU is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2021, including interim periods within those fiscal years. The Company does not believe that adoption will have a material impact on the consolidated and combined financial statements.

 

Other accounting standards that have been issued or proposed by FASB that do not require adoption until a future date are not expected to have a material impact on the financial statements upon adoption.

 

Cash

 

The Company considers all highly liquid investments with a maturity of three months or less when purchased to be cash equivalents. The Company maintains substantially all its cash and cash equivalents at one financial institution. At times, cash may be in excess of FDIC insurance limits, typically $250,000. As of December 31, 2021 cash balances exceeded FDIC insurance limits by approximately $9,656,000. The Company has not experienced any losses in such accounts and does not believe that it is exposed to significant risks from excess deposits.

 

Accounts Receivable

 

The majority of the Company’s revenue is generated on a prepayment basis, the Company provides limited credit in the normal course of business to selected customers who are primarily located in the United States. Credit is extended based on an evaluation of the customer’s financial condition and, generally, collateral is not required. Customers are billed in accordance with contractual terms as work progresses. Generally, billed receivables are due within 30 days.

 

Billings that are outstanding longer than the contractual terms are considered past due. The Company determines its allowance for doubtful accounts by considering a number of factors, including the length of time billings are past due, previous loss history, the customer’s ability to pay its obligation to the Company, and the condition of the general economy and the industry as a whole. The Company writes-off accounts receivable when they become uncollectible. As of December 31, 2021, there was an allowance for doubtful accounts of approximately $77,000.

 

Inventories

 

Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value. Work in progress costs are stated at costs incurred to date. Finished goods inventories include material, labor and manufacturing overhead costs. The Company writes down inventory for excess, slow moving and obsolete inventory.

 

Property and Equipment, Net

 

Property, equipment and leasehold improvements are capitalized and recorded at cost, less accumulated depreciation and impairment charges, if any. Depreciation is provided for on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives of the property and equipment or the lease term, whichever is shorter. Repairs and maintenance costs are charged to operating expense as incurred, unless it is determined by the Company to extend the life of the fixed asset, at which time the amount would be capitalized and amortized over the useful life of the asset or the estimated remaining life of the asset, whichever is shorter.

 

 
F-23

Table of Contents

 

Cub Crafters, Inc.

Notes to the Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements

December 31, 2021

 

Note B – Significant Accounting Policies (continued)

 

Revenue Recognition

 

All revenues are recorded in accordance with ASC Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. This standard applies to all contracts with customers, except for contracts that are within the scope of other standards, such as leases, insurance, collaboration arrangements and financial instruments. Under Topic 606, an entity recognizes revenue when its customer obtains control of promised goods or services, in an amount that reflects the consideration which the entity expects to receive in exchange for those goods or services. To determine revenue recognition for arrangements that an entity determines are within the scope of Topic 606, the entity performs the following five steps: (i) identify the contract(s) with a customer; (ii) identify the performance obligations in the contract; (iii) determine the transaction price; (iv) allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract; and (v) recognize revenue when (or as) the entity satisfies a performance obligation. The Company recognizes revenue from the following:

 

Kit Aircraft sales in which a customer can build an aircraft in his own facility in which various component kits relative to a certain portion of the plane, such as fuselage kit, wing kit, engine kit, etc. are available. All kit orders are prepaid, which are recorded as customer deposits. Once a kit order is fulfilled the Company bills the customer against their deposit, ships the kit and recognizes the revenue accordingly. In some instances customers will request guidance as they build their kit planes, for which there is a recognition of revenue at time of shipment.

 

Builder Assist – these are orders of customized planes which are built entirely in the Company’s facility in which the customer is required to complete a minimum of 51% of a prescribed list of assembly tasks themselves. The customer is required to make a deposit of at the time of the placing the order which will hold a given position on the production calendar (often up to 24 months out). Prior to commencement of the build the customer is required to deposit the final cost of the plane, less the initial deposit and $20,000.00 final payment that is considered a progress payment. Once the plane has been granted a certificate of air worthiness the Company bills the customer against their deposit for the cost of the plane at which time revenue is recognized in full. Additionally, the Company accrues revenues over time as performance steps are satisfied. The Company measures its’ progress to completion for at each month end based on the stage of completion for each order. The Company’s timing of revenue recognition may not be consistent with its rights to bill and collect cash from its clients. Those rights are generally dependent upon contract language. The Company’s accounts receivable represent amounts billed to the customer that have yet to be collected and represent an unconditional right to cash from the customer. Contract assets represent the amount of contract revenue recognized but not yet billed pursuant to contract terms or accounts billed after the balance sheet date. Contract liabilities represent billings as of the balance sheet date, as allowed under the terms of the contract, but not yet recognized as contract revenue pursuant to the Company’s revenue recognition policy.

 

 
F-24

Table of Contents

    

Cub Crafters, Inc.

Notes to the Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements

December 31, 2021

 

Note B – Significant Accounting Policies (continued)

 

Certified Aircraft – these are aircraft built entirely at the Company’s facility and built entirely by Company employees. The customer is required to make a deposit at the time of the placing the order which will hold a given position on the production calendar (often up to 24 months out). The customer is required to make a progress payment of at the midpoint of the manufacturing process. These planes upon completion must pass certification for the FAA Type Certificate for the given model of plane. The Company recognizes revenues over the production period as performance steps are satisfied. The Company measures its progress to completion at each month end based on the stage of completion for each order. The Company’s timing of revenue recognition may not be consistent with its rights to bill and collect cash from its clients. Those rights are generally dependent upon contract language. The Company’s accounts receivable represent amounts billed to the customer that have yet to be collected and represent an unconditional right to cash from the customer. Contract assets represent the amount of contract revenue recognized but not yet billed pursuant to contract terms or accounts billed after the balance sheet date. Contract liabilities represent billings as of the balance sheet date, as allowed under the terms of the contract, but not yet recognized as contract revenue pursuant to the Company’s revenue recognition policy. The customer is required to make a final payment before taking delivery of the completed aircraft, depending on the individual contract, this is typically around 50% of the total revenue collected for the aircraft.

 

Parts – are generally sold prepaid with the exception of dealer sales. Revenue is recognized at point of sale.

 

Services and Repairs – Revenue is recognized at completion. Deposits are generally required on larger jobs.

 

Revenue for the year ended December 31, 2021 was broken down as follows:

 

Aircraft

 

$ 23,309,108

 

Pre-packaged kits sales

 

 

6,698,591

 

Sale of parts/ service revenue

 

 

2,765,992

 

 

 

$ 32,773,691

 

 

Concentration of Credit Risk

 

The Company’s five largest dealers accounted for 28% of revenues during the year ended December 31, 2021. Of that amount 22% represented Builder Assist, meaning the dealers had deposits on production positions, which they in turn sold to the end customers for their own build, in essence acting as a middle man. As all aircraft are sold on a prepaid basis there is limited credit risk.

 

Kit sales are sold on a prepaid basis, as are parts. Dealers accounted for 42% of total receivables of 12/31/21 with the bulk of the receivables on delayed aircraft payment pending delivery status.

 

Income Taxes

 

The Company is a C-Corp effective January 1, 2021 and accounts for income taxes, whereby deferred income taxes are recorded based on differences between the financial reporting and tax basis of assets and liabilities and are measured using the enacted tax rates and laws that will be in effect when the underlying assets are received or liabilities are settled. In evaluating the Company’s ability to recover the deferred tax assets within the jurisdiction from which they arise, management considers all available positive and negative evidence and establishes a valuation allowance if necessary to reduce the deferred tax assets to their expected net realizable value.

 

The Company recognizes the financial statement benefit of a tax position only after determining that the relevant tax authority would more likely than not sustain the position following an audit for tax positions meeting the more-likely-than-not threshold, the amount recognized in the financial statements is the largest benefit that has a greater than 50% likelihood of being realized upon ultimate settlement with the relevant tax authority. Increases or decreases to the unrecognized tax benefits could result from management’s belief that a position can or cannot be sustained upon examination based on subsequent information or potential lapse of the applicable statute of

 

 
F-25

Table of Contents

   

Cub Crafters, Inc.

Notes to the Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements

December 31, 2021

 

Note B – Significant Accounting Policies (continued)

 

Income Taxes (continued)

 

limitation for certain tax positions. At December 31, 2021, the Company determined it did not have any uncertain tax positions.

 

The Company recognizes interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions in income tax expense. As of December 31, 2021, the Company has no provisions for interest or penalties related to uncertain tax positions.

 

IC-DISC Credit

 

Cub Crafters DISC, Inc. is an IC-DISC. An IC-DISC is a separate entity that earns a “commission” on the operating entity’s export sales based on the greater of 50% of net income on sales of qualified export property, or 4% of gross receipts from sales of qualified export property. The Company elected to not record this commission for the year ended December 31, 2021.

 

Grant Income

 

The Company received approximately $261,000 of grant income from the Department of Transportation’s Aviation Manufacturing Jobs Protection Program (“AMJP”). Under this COVID program they provide funding to eligible businesses, to pay up to half of their compensation costs for certain categories of employees, for up to six months. The Company applied for and was awarded $521,998 of which 50% ($260,999) was received in September 2021. The Company will record the remaining balance when received.

 

Note C – Inventories

 

The components of inventories at December 31, 2021 are as follows:

 

Parts and raw materials

 

$ 5,995,042

 

Work in-process

 

 

1,364,745

 

Finished goods

 

 

2,855,382

 

 

 

$ 10,215,169

 

 

Note D – Property and Equipment, Net

 

Property and equipment consists of the following as of December, 31, 2021:

 

 

 

 

 

 

Useful Life (Years)

Buildings and improvements

 

$ 1,909,135

 

 

life of lease

Machinery and equipment

 

 

3,862,772

 

 

3 - 10

Office furniture and equipment

 

 

120,709

 

 

3 - 10

Automobiles and trucks

 

 

122,782

 

 

3 - 10

 

 

 

6,015,398

 

 

 

Less: Accumulated depreciation

 

 

(4,135,916 )

 

 

 

 

$ 1,879,482

 

 

 

 

During the year ended December 31, 2021, the Company recorded depreciation expense of approximately $261,000.

 

 
F-26

Table of Contents

    

Cub Crafters, Inc.

Notes to the Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements

December 31, 2021

 

Note E – Contract Accounting – Percentage of Completion – Costs Less Billings and Balance Sheet Categories by Period

 

Costs and estimated earnings on contracts in progress for jobs using percentage of completion method of revenue recognition consist of the following as of and for the year ending December 31, 2021

 

Cost incurred on uncompleted jobs

 

$ 1,826,097

 

Estimated earnings

 

 

2,654,445

 

 

 

 

4,480,542

 

Less: Billings to date

 

 

(5,210,657 )

 

 

$ (730,115 )

 

Included in the accompanying balance sheets for percentage of completion contracts under the following headings:

 

Costs and estimated earnings in excess of billings on uncompleted contracts

 

$ 557,630

 

Billings in excess of costs and estimated earnings on uncompleted contracts

 

 

(1,287,745 )

 

 

$ (730,115 )

 

Note F – Customer Deposits

 

Customer deposits are comprised of cash received throughout the sale and build process as outlined in the sales agreement. Deposits are comprised of production position advances and progress payments. Under the terms of the sales agreements, the customer deposits are typically non-refundable. The Company recognizes revenue associated with these deposits at the time of aircraft sale or forfeiture of the advances through customer notification. Customer advances at December 31, 2021 was approximately $11,658,000.

 

 
F-27

Table of Contents

      

Cub Crafters, Inc.

Notes to the Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements

December 31, 2021

  

Note G – Capital Lease Obligations

 

During the year ending December 31, 2021, the Company had leased equipment under non-cancelable master lease agreements. Per the lease agreements, the Company will own the equipment at the end of the lease. The gross amounts of the assets are reported in the accompanying consolidated and combined balance sheet under property and equipment, net, and Note D.

 

The future minimum payments on the capital lease obligations at December 31, 2021 are as follows:

 

 

 

Amount

 

 

 

 

 

2022

 

$ 249,920

 

2023

 

 

218,964

 

2024

 

 

137,561

 

2025

 

 

128,030

 

2026

 

 

107,600

 

 

 

 

142,104

 

Total capital lease

 

 

984,179

 

 

 

 

 

 

Less: Interest expense

 

 

(96,416 )

Total capital lease obligation

 

 

887,763

 

Less: current portion

 

 

(215,177 )

Capital lease – long term

 

$ 672,586

 

 

The interest expense incurred by the Company for the years ended December 31, 2021 was approximately $90,000.

 

Note H – Line of Credit

 

The Company has a line of credit with AFC Financial Services, LLC with a maximum borrowing limit of $1,500,000. Interest accrues at WSJP, plus 1.00%. The maturity date is March 18, 2023 and is secured by an aircraft inventory. The outstanding balance as of December 31, 2021 was $145,000. The interest expense incurred by the Company for the year ended December 31, 2021 was approximately $5,000.

 

Note I – Notes Payable

 

The Company has a promissory note payable with Wells Fargo Bank for a $1.5 million loan in 2005. The loan matures on January 5, 2026 and is secured by the Company’s premises. Interest accrued at 6.62% and monthly repayments of interest and principal are made. The interest expense incurred by the Company for the years ended December 31, 2021 was approximately $33,000. The balance outstanding on the loan was $519,025 at December 31, 2021 and was broken down as follows:

 

Current

 

$ 129,756

 

Non-current

 

 

389,269

 

 

 

$ 519,025

 

 

 
F-28

Table of Contents

     

Cub Crafters, Inc.

Notes to the Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements

December 31, 2021

 

Note J – Contingencies

 

Certain conditions may exist as of the date the financial statements are issued, which may result in a loss to the Company but which will only be resolved when one or more future events occur or fail to occur. The Company’s management and its legal counsel assess such contingent liabilities, and such assessment inherently involves an exercise of judgment. In assessing loss contingencies related to legal proceedings that are pending against the Company or unasserted claims that may result in such proceedings, the Company’s legal counsel evaluates the perceived merits of any legal proceedings or unasserted claims as well as the perceived merits of the amount of relief sought or expected to be sought therein.

 

If the assessment of a contingency indicates that it is probable that a material loss has been incurred and the amount of the liability can be estimated, then the estimated liability would be accrued in the Company’s financial statements.

 

If the assessment indicates that a potentially material loss contingency is not probable, but is reasonably possible, or is probable but cannot be estimated, then the nature of the contingent liability, together with an estimate of the range of possible loss if determinable and material, would be disclosed.

 

Note K – Related Parties

 

The Company rents hanger and office space from the stockholder of Cub Crafters, Inc. Terms of the agreement call for monthly payments of $6,000. The Agreement matures January 2029. The Company expects to pay $72,000 per year over the course of the Agreement.

 

In addition the Company entered into a promissory note with a shareholder for $809,124. The loan matures in December 2023 and accrues interest at 4.25%. If the Company successfully completes an offering and raises sufficient funds the note is repayable in full. If sufficient proceeds are not raised the loan is payable in monthly installments over nine years maturing on January 1, 2032.

 

Note L – 401(k) Plan

 

The Company sponsors a 401(k)‐retirement plan (the Plan) for employees who meet certain eligibility requirements. The Plan is subject to the provisions of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974. Under the terms of the Plan, the Company matches 100% of employee contributions up to 4% of the employee’s compensation. The Company’s matching contribution was approximately $268,000 for the year ended December 31, 2021.

 

 
F-29

Table of Contents

 

   

Cub Crafters, Inc.

Notes to the Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements

December 31, 2021

 

Note M – Commitments

 

Operating Leases

 

The Company entered into a third party building lease which ends in March 2027. Total rent expense for the year ended for this lease was approximately $209,000 for the year ended December 31, 2021

 

Future minimum rental payments under all non-cancelable operating leases are as follows:

 

Year ended December 31:

 

2022

 

$ 213,930

 

2023

 

 

218,202

 

2024

 

 

222,566

 

2025

 

 

227,018

 

2026

 

 

231,570

 

Thereafter

 

 

2,797,878

 

 

 

$ 3,911,164

 

 

Note N – Income Taxes

 

The Company files income tax returns in the U.S. Federal jurisdiction and various state jurisdictions. The table below summarizes the open tax years and ongoing tax examinations in major jurisdictions as of December 31, 2021:

 

Jurisdiction

 

Open Years

 

Examination in Process

United States-Federal income tax

 

2021

 

None

 

The income tax benefit (expense) consists of the following at December 31:

 

 

 

2021

 

Current:

 

 

Federal

 

$ 187,910

 

State

 

 

-

 

 

 

 

187,910

 

Deferred:

 

 

 

Federal

 

 

36,700

 

State

 

 

-

 

 

 

 

-

 

Total

 

$ 224,610

 

 

Deferred income taxes consists of the following at December 31:

 

2021

Deferred tax assets(liabilities):

Allowance for doubtful accounts

$ 16,072

Depreciation

(52,772 )

Net deferred taxes-non-current

$ 36,700

 

Note O – Subsequent Events

 

In March 2022 the maturity date on the line of credit with AFC Financial Services, LLC was extended to March 18, 2023. Subsequent events have been evaluated through August 31, 2022, which is the date the financial statements were ready to be issued.

 

 

F-30

Table of Contents

 

PART III

 

INDEX TO EXHIBITS

 

2.1

 

Certificate of Incorporation +

2.2

 

Form of Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation

2.3

 

Bylaws +

4.1

 

Form of Subscription Agreement +

6.1

 

Compensation Award +

8.1

 

Form of Prime Trust Escrow Agreement +

8.2

 

Form of  Enterprise Bank Escrow Agreement +

11.1

 

Auditor’s Consent – IndigoSpire CPA Group, LLC

11.2

 

Auditor’s Consent – McNamara and Associates, PLLC

12.1

 

Opinion of CrowdCheck Law LLP*

13.1

 

Testing the Waters materials*

 

 

 

*To be filed.

+Previously filed.

 

 

48

Table of Contents

 

SIGNATURES

 

Pursuant to the requirements of Regulation A, the issuer certifies that it has reasonable grounds to believe that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form 1-A and has duly caused this offering statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Yakima, State of Washington , on September 30, 2022.

 

  Cub Crafters, Inc.
       
By: /s/ Patrick Horgan 

 

Name:

Patrick Horgan

 
  Title: President & CEO  
       

 

This offering statement has been signed by the following persons in the capacities and on the dates indicated.

 

/s/ Patrick Horgan

 

 

Patrick Horgan, Principal executive officer and Director

 

 

Date: September 30, 2022

 

 

 

 

 

/s/ Richard Johnson

 

 

Richard Johnson, Principal financial officer and principal accounting officer

 

 

Date: September 30, 2022

 

 

 

 

 

/s/ Susan Richmond

 

 

Susan Richmond, Director

 

 

Date: September 30, 2022

 

 

 

 

 

/s/ Bradley Damm

 

 

Bradley Damm, Director

 

 

Date: September 30, 2022

 

 

   

 

49

 

EX1A-2A CHARTER.2 3 cub_ex22.htm FORM OF AMENDED AND RESTATED CERTIFICATE cub_ex22.htm

EXHIBIT 2.2

 

AMENDED AND RESTATED

CERTIFICATE OF INCORPORATION

OF

CUB CRAFTERS, INC.

 

(Pursuant to Sections 242 and 245 of the

General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware)

 

Cub Crafters, Inc., a corporation organized and existing under and by virtue of the provisions of the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware (the “General Corporation Law”),

 

DOES HEREBY CERTIFY:

 

FIRST: That the name of this corporation is Cub Crafters, Inc. and that this corporation was originally incorporated pursuant to the General Corporation Law on July 14, 2022 under the name Cub Crafters, Inc.

 

SECOND: That the Board of Directors of this corporation duly adopted resolutions proposing to amend and restate the Certificate of Incorporation of this corporation, declaring said amendment and restatement to be advisable and in the best interests of this corporation and its stockholders, and authorizing the appropriate officers of this corporation to solicit the consent of the stockholders therefor, which resolution setting forth the proposed amendment and restatement is as follows:

 

RESOLVED, that the Certificate of Incorporation of this corporation be amended and restated in its entirety as follows:

 

ARTICLE I

 

The name of this corporation is Cub Crafters, Inc.

 

ARTICLE II

 

The address of the registered office of this corporation in the State of Delaware is 1209 Orange Street, in the City of Wilmington, County of New Castle, Zip Code 19801. The name of its registered agent at such address is National Registered Agents, Inc.

 

ARTICLE III

 

The nature of the business or purposes to be conducted or promoted is to engage in any lawful act or activity for which corporations may be organized under the General Corporation Law.

 

 
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ARTICLE IV

 

A. Authorization of Stock. This corporation is authorized to issue two classes of stock to be designated, respectively, common stock and preferred stock. The total number of shares of common stock authorized to be issued is 73,000,000, par value $0.0001 per share (the “Common Stock”), 40,000,000 of which shares are designated as “Class A Common Stock” and 33,000,000 of which shares are designated as “Class B Common Stock”. The total number of shares of preferred stock authorized to be issued is 10,050,000, par value $0.0001 per share (the “Preferred Stock”), all of which shares are designated as “Series A Preferred Stock.”

 

Effective immediately upon the filing of this Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation (the “Effective Time”), each one (1) share of Common Stock that is issued and outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time (shall be automatically split (without any further action by the stockholders or any other person) into five hundred eighty (580) fully paid and nonassessable shares of Class B Common Stock and twenty (20) fully paid and nonassessable shares of Series A Preferred Stock.

 

B. Rights, Preferences and Restrictions of Series A Preferred Stock. Subject to the special rights of holders of any series of any newly issued Preferred Stock, the rights, preferences, privileges and restrictions granted to and imposed on the Series A Preferred Stock are as set forth below in this Article IV(B).

 

1. Dividend Provisions.

 

(a) The corporation shall not declare, pay or set aside any dividends on shares of any other class or series of capital stock of the corporation (other than dividends on shares of Common Stock payable in shares of Common Stock) unless (in addition to the obtaining of any consents required elsewhere in this Restated Certificate of Incorporation) the holders of the Series A Preferred Stock then outstanding shall first receive, or simultaneously receive, a dividend on each outstanding share of Series A Preferred Stock in an amount at least equal to the dividend payable on each share of such class or series determined, if applicable, as if all shares of such class or series had been converted into Common Stock.

 

(b) After payment of such dividends, any additional dividends or distributions shall be distributed among all holders of Common Stock and Series A Preferred Stock in proportion to the number of shares of Common Stock that would be held by each such holder if all shares of Series A Preferred Stock were converted to Common Stock at the then effective Conversion Rate (as defined below).

 

2. Liquidation Preference.

 

(a) In the event of any Liquidation Event (as defined below), either voluntary or involuntary, the holders of each series of Series A Preferred Stock shall be entitled to receive out of the proceeds or assets of this corporation available for distribution to its stockholders (the “Proceeds”), prior and in preference to any distribution of the Proceeds of such Liquidation Event to the holders of Common Stock by reason of their ownership thereof, an amount per share equal to the sum of the applicable Original Issue Price (as defined below) for such series of Series A Preferred Stock, plus declared but unpaid dividends on such share. If, upon the occurrence of such event, the Proceeds thus distributed among the holders of the Series A Preferred Stock shall be insufficient to permit the payment to such holders of the full aforesaid preferential amounts, then the entire Proceeds legally available for distribution shall be distributed ratably among the holders of the Series A Preferred Stock in proportion to the full preferential amount that each such holder is otherwise entitled to receive under this subsection (a). For purposes of this Restated Certificate of Incorporation, “Original Issue Price” shall mean $5.00 per share for each share of the Series A Preferred Stock (as adjusted for any stock splits, stock dividends, combinations, subdivisions, recapitalizations or the like with respect to the Series A Preferred Stock).

 

 
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(b) Upon completion of the distribution required by subsection (a) of this Section 2, all of the remaining Proceeds available for distribution to stockholders shall be distributed among the holders of Common Stock pro rata based on the number of shares of Common Stock held by each.

 

(c) Notwithstanding the above, for purposes of determining the amount each holder of shares of Series A Preferred Stock is entitled to receive with respect to a Liquidation Event, each such holder of shares of a series of Series A Preferred Stock shall be deemed to have converted (regardless of whether such holder actually converted) such holder’s shares of such series into shares of Common Stock immediately prior to the Liquidation Event if, as a result of an actual conversion, such holder would receive, in the aggregate, an amount greater than the amount that would be distributed to such holder if such holder did not convert such series of Series A Preferred Stock into shares of Common Stock. If any such holder shall be deemed to have converted shares of Series A Preferred Stock into Common Stock pursuant to this paragraph, then such holder shall not be entitled to receive any distribution that would otherwise be made to holders of Series A Preferred Stock that have not converted (or have not been deemed to have converted) into shares of Common Stock.

 

(d) (i) For purposes of this Restated Certificate of Incorporation, a “Liquidation Event” shall mean (A) the closing of the sale, lease, transfer, exclusive license or other disposition of all or substantially all of this corporation’s assets, (B) the consummation of the merger or consolidation of this corporation with or into another entity (except a merger or consolidation in which the holders of capital stock of this corporation immediately prior to such merger or consolidation continue to hold at least fifty percent (50%) of the voting power of the capital stock of this corporation or the surviving or acquiring entity immediately following such merger or consolidation in substantially the same proportions, and with substantially the same terms, as held immediately prior to such merger or consolidation), (C) the closing of the transfer (whether by merger, consolidation or otherwise), in one transaction or a series of related transactions, to a person or group of affiliated persons (other than an underwriter of this corporation’s securities), of this corporation’s securities if, after such closing, such person or group of affiliated persons would hold fifty percent (50%) or more of the then outstanding voting stock of this corporation (or the surviving or acquiring entity) or (D) a liquidation, dissolution or winding up of this corporation; provided, however, that a transaction shall not constitute a Liquidation Event if its sole purpose is to change the state of this corporation’s incorporation or to create a holding company that will be owned in substantially the same proportions by the persons who held this corporation’s securities immediately prior to such transaction.

 

(ii) In any Liquidation Event, if Proceeds received by this corporation or its stockholders is other than cash, its value will be deemed its fair market value. Any securities shall be valued as follows:

 

 
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(A) Securities not subject to investment letter or other similar restrictions on free marketability covered by (B) below:

 

(1) If traded on a securities exchange, the value shall be deemed to be the average of the closing prices of the securities on such exchange over the twenty (20) trading‑day period ending three (3) trading days prior to the closing of the Liquidation Event;

 

(2) If actively traded over-the-counter, the value shall be deemed to be the average of the closing bid or sale prices (whichever is applicable) over the twenty (20) trading‑day period ending three (3) trading days prior to the closing of the Liquidation Event; and

 

(3) If there is no active public market, the value shall be the fair market value thereof, as determined by the Board of Directors.

 

(B) The method of valuation of securities subject to investment letter or other restrictions on free marketability (other than restrictions arising solely by virtue of a stockholder’s status as an affiliate or former affiliate) shall be to make an appropriate discount from the market value determined as above in (A) (1), (2) or (3) to reflect the approximate fair market value thereof, as determined by the Board of Directors.

 

(C) The foregoing methods for valuing non-cash consideration to be distributed in connection with a Liquidation Event shall, with the appropriate approval of the definitive agreements governing such Liquidation Event by the stockholders under the General Corporation Law, be superseded by the determination of such value set forth in the definitive agreements governing such Liquidation Event.

 

(iii) In the event the requirements of this Section 2 are not complied with, this corporation shall forthwith either:

 

(A) cause the closing of such Liquidation Event to be postponed until such time as the requirements of this Section 2 have been complied with; or

 

(B) cancel such transaction, in which event the rights, preferences and privileges of the holders of the Series A Preferred Stock shall revert to and be the same as such rights, preferences and privileges existing immediately prior to the date of the first notice referred to in subsection 2(d)(iv) hereof.

 

(iv) This corporation shall give each holder of record of Series A Preferred Stock written notice of such impending Liquidation Event not later than twenty (20) days prior to the stockholders’ meeting called to approve such transaction, or twenty (20) days prior to the closing of such transaction, whichever is earlier, and shall also notify such holders in writing of the final approval of such transaction. The first of such notices shall describe the material terms and conditions of the impending transaction and the provisions of this Section 2, and this corporation shall thereafter give such holders prompt notice of any material changes. The transaction shall in no event take place sooner than twenty (20) days after this corporation has given the first notice provided for herein or sooner than ten (10) days after this corporation has given notice of any material changes provided for herein; provided, however, that subject to compliance with the General Corporation Law such periods may be shortened or waived upon the written consent of the holders of Series A Preferred Stock that represent a majority of the then outstanding shares of such Series A Preferred Stock (voting together as a single class and not as separate series, and on an as-converted basis).

 

 
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3. Redemption. The Series A Preferred Stock is not redeemable at the option of the holder thereof.

 

4. Conversion. The holders of the Series A Preferred Stock shall have conversion rights as follows (the “Conversion Rights”):

 

(a) Right to Convert. Each share of Series A Preferred Stock shall be convertible, at the option of the holder thereof, at any time after the date of issuance of such share, and without the payment of additional consideration by the holder thereof, at the office of this corporation or any transfer agent for such stock, into such number of fully paid and nonassessable shares of Class A Common Stock as is determined by dividing the applicable Original Issue Price for such series by the applicable Conversion Price (as defined below) for such series (the conversion rate for a series of Series A Preferred Stock into Class A Common Stock is referred to herein as the “Conversion Rate” for such series), determined as hereafter provided, in effect on the date the certificate is surrendered for conversion. The initial “Conversion Price” per share for Series A Preferred Stock shall be the Original Issue Price; provided, however, that the Conversion Price for the Series A Preferred Stock shall be subject to adjustment as set forth in subsection 4(d).

 

(b) Automatic Conversion. Each share of Series A Preferred Stock shall automatically be converted into shares of Class A Common Stock at the Conversion Rate at the time in effect for such series of Series A Preferred Stock immediately upon the earlier of (i) the closing of this corporation’s sale of its Common Stock in a firm commitment underwritten public offering pursuant to a registration statement on Form S-1 under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, the public offering price (as adjusted for any stock splits, stock dividends, combinations, subdivisions, recapitalizations or the like) that results in at least $150,000,000 of gross proceeds to this corporation (a “Qualified Public Offering”), following which, this corporation’s shares are listed for trading on the New York Stock Exchange, Nasdaq Global Select Market or Nasdaq Global Market or (ii) the date, or the occurrence of an event, specified by vote or written consent or agreement of the holders of a majority of the then outstanding shares of Series A Preferred Stock (voting together as a single class and not as separate series, and on an as-converted basis).

 

(c) Mechanics of Conversion. Before any holder of Series A Preferred Stock shall be entitled to voluntarily convert the same into shares of Class A Common Stock, if such holder’s shares are certificated, such holder shall surrender the certificate or certificates therefor, duly endorsed, at the office of this corporation or of any transfer agent for the Series A Preferred Stock, and shall give written notice to this corporation at its principal corporate office, of the election to convert the same and shall state therein the name or names in which the shares of Class A Common Stock are to be issued. This corporation shall, as soon as practicable thereafter, issue and deliver at such office to such holder of Series A Preferred Stock, or to the nominee or nominees of such holder, a certificate, certificates or a notice of issuance of uncertificated shares for the number of shares of Class A Common Stock to which such holder shall be entitled as aforesaid. Such conversion shall be deemed to have been made immediately prior to the close of business on the date set forth for conversion in the written notice of the election to convert irrespective of the surrender of the shares of Series A Preferred Stock to be converted, and the person or persons entitled to receive the shares of Class A Common Stock issuable upon such conversion shall be treated for all purposes as the record holder or holders of such shares of Class A Common Stock as of such date. If the conversion is in connection with an underwritten offering of securities registered pursuant to the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, the conversion may, at the option of any holder tendering Series A Preferred Stock for conversion, be conditioned upon the closing with the underwriters of the sale of securities pursuant to such offering, in which event the persons entitled to receive the Class A Common Stock upon conversion of the Series A Preferred Stock shall not be deemed to have converted such Series A Preferred Stock until immediately prior to the closing of such sale of securities. If the conversion is in connection with Automatic Conversion provisions of subsection 4(b)(ii) above, such conversion shall be deemed to have been made on the conversion date described in the stockholder consent approving such conversion, and the persons entitled to receive shares of Class A Common Stock issuable upon such conversion shall be treated for all purposes as the record holders of such shares of Class A Common Stock as of such date.

 

 
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(d) Adjustment to Conversion Price and Number of Conversion shares. In order to prevent dilution of the conversion rights granted under this Section 4, the Conversion Price and the number of shares of Common Stock or other capital stock of the corporation then issuable upon conversion of the Series A Preferred Stock in accordance with the terms of Section 4 (the “Conversion shares”) shall be subject to adjustment from time to time as provided in this section 4(d).

 

(i) Adjustment to Conversion Price upon Issuance of Common Stock. Except as provided in subsection 4(d)(iii) and except in the case of an event described in either subsection 4(d)(v) or subsection 4(d)(vi), if the corporation shall, at any time or from time to time after the date on which the corporation initially issued a given share of Series A Preferred Stock (the “Date of Issuance”), issue or sell, or in accordance with subsection 4(d)(iv) is deemed to have issued or sold, any shares of Common Stock without consideration or for consideration per share less than the Conversion Price in effect immediately prior to such issuance or sale (or deemed issuance or sale), then immediately upon such issuance or sale (or deemed issuance or sale), the Conversion Price in effect immediately prior to such issuance or sale (or deemed issuance or sale) shall be reduced (and in no event increased) to a Conversion Price equal to the quotient obtained by dividing:

 

(A) the sum of (A) the product obtained by multiplying the Common Stock Deemed Outstanding (which is defined to mean at any given time, the sum of (a) the number of shares of Common Stock actually outstanding at such time, plus (b) the number of shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of any warrants or other rights or options to subscribe for or purchase Common Stock or Convertible Securities (each an “Option”) actually outstanding at such time, plus (c) the number of shares of Common Stock issuable upon conversion or exchange of Convertible Securities actually outstanding at such time (treating as actually outstanding any Convertible Securities issuable upon exercise of Options actually outstanding at such time), in each case, regardless of whether the Options or Convertible Securities are actually exercisable at such time; provided, that Common Stock Deemed Outstanding at any given time shall not include shares owned or held by or for the account of the corporation or any of its wholly owned subsidiaries) immediately prior to such issuance or sale (or deemed issuance or sale) by the Conversion Price then in effect plus (B) the aggregate consideration, if any, received by the corporation upon such issuance or sale (or deemed issuance or sale); by

 

(B) the sum of (A) the Common Stock Deemed Outstanding immediately prior to such issuance or sale (or deemed issuance or sale) plus (B) the aggregate number of shares of Common Stock issued or sold (or deemed issued or sold) by the corporation in such issuance or sale (or deemed issuance or sale).

 

Whenever following the Date of Issuance, the corporation shall issue or sell, or in accordance with subsection 4(d)(iv) is deemed to have issued or sold, any shares of Common Stock, the corporation shall prepare a certificate signed by an executive officer setting forth, in reasonable detail, the number of shares issued or sold, or deemed issued or sold, the amount and the form of the consideration received by the corporation, and the method of computation of such amount and shall cause copies of such certificate to be mailed to the holders of record of Series A Preferred Stock at the address specified for such holder in the books and records of the corporation (or at such other address as may be provided to the corporation in writing by such holder).

 

(ii) Adjustment to Number of Conversion shares upon Adjustment to Conversion Price. Upon any and each adjustment of the Conversion Price as provided in subsection 4(d)(i), the number of Conversion shares issuable upon the conversion of the Series A Preferred Stock immediately prior to any such adjustment shall be increased to a number of Conversion shares equal to the quotient obtained by dividing:

 

(A) the product of (A) the Conversion Price in effect immediately prior to any such adjustment multiplied by (B) the number of Conversion shares issuable upon conversion of the Series A Preferred Stock immediately prior to any such adjustment; by

 

(B) the Conversion Price resulting from such adjustment.

 

(iii) Exceptions To Adjustment Upon Issuance of Common Stock. Anything herein to the contrary notwithstanding, there shall be no adjustment to the Conversion Price or the number of Conversion shares issuable upon conversion of the Series A Preferred Stock with respect to any Excluded Issuance. An “Excluded Issuance” shall mean any issuance or sale (or deemed issuance or sale in accordance with subsection 4(iv) by the corporation after the Date of Issuance of: (a) shares of Common Stock issued on the conversion of the Series A Preferred Stock; (b) shares of Common Stock (as such number of shares is equitably adjusted for subsequent stock splits, stock combinations, stock dividends, and recapitalizations) issued directly or upon the exercise of Options to directors, officers, employees, or consultants of the corporation in connection with their service as directors of the corporation, their employment by the corporation, or their retention as consultants by the corporation, in each case authorized by the Board and issued pursuant to the corporation’s equity incentive plan then in effect (including all such shares of Common Stock and Options outstanding prior to the Date of Issuance); or (c) shares of Common Stock issued upon the conversion or exercise of Options (other than Options covered by clause (b) above) or any securities (directly or indirectly) convertible into or exchangeable for Common Stock, but excluding Options (“Convertible Securities”) issued prior to the Date of Issuance, provided that such securities are not amended after the date hereof to increase the number of shares of Common Stock issuable thereunder or to lower the exercise or conversion price thereof.

 

 
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(iv) Effect of Certain Events on Adjustment to Conversion Price. For purposes of determining the adjusted Conversion Price under subsection 4(d)(i) hereof, the following shall be applicable:

 

(A) Issuance of Options. If the corporation shall, at any time or from time to time after the Date of Issuance, in any manner grant or sell (whether directly or by assumption in a merger or otherwise) any Options, whether or not such Options or the right to convert or exchange any Convertible Securities issuable upon the exercise of such Options are immediately exercisable, and the price per share (determined as provided in this paragraph and in subsection 4(IV)(E) for which Common Stock is issuable upon the exercise of such Options or upon the conversion or exchange of Convertible Securities issuable upon the exercise of such Options is less than the Conversion Price in effect immediately prior to the time of the granting or sale of such Options, then the total maximum number of shares of Common Stock issuable upon the exercise of such Options or upon conversion or exchange of the total maximum amount of Convertible Securities issuable upon the exercise of such Options shall be deemed to have been issued as of the date of granting or sale of such Options (and thereafter shall be deemed to be outstanding for purposes of adjusting the Conversion Price under subsection 4(i), at a price per share equal to the quotient obtained by dividing (A) the sum (which sum shall constitute the applicable consideration received for purposes of subsection 4(i) of (x) the total amount, if any, received or receivable by the corporation as consideration for the granting or sale of all such Options, plus (y) the minimum aggregate amount of additional consideration payable to the corporation upon the exercise of all such Options, plus (z), in the case of such Options which relate to Convertible Securities, the minimum aggregate amount of additional consideration, if any, payable to the corporation upon the issuance or sale of all such Convertible Securities and the conversion or exchange of all such Convertible Securities, by (B) the total maximum number of shares of Common Stock issuable upon the exercise of all such Options or upon the conversion or exchange of all Convertible Securities issuable upon the exercise of all such Options. Except as otherwise provided in subsection 4(iv)(C), no further adjustment of the Conversion Price shall be made upon the actual issuance of Common Stock or of Convertible Securities upon exercise of such Options or upon the actual issuance of Common Stock upon conversion or exchange of Convertible Securities issuable upon exercise of such Options.

 

(B) Issuance of Convertible Securities. If the corporation shall, at any time or from time to time after the Date of Issuance, in any manner grant or sell (whether directly or by assumption in a merger or otherwise) any Convertible Securities, whether or not the right to convert or exchange any such Convertible Securities is immediately exercisable, and the price per share (determined as provided in this paragraph and in subsection 4(iv)(E) for which Common Stock is issuable upon the conversion or exchange of such Convertible Securities is less than the Conversion Price in effect immediately prior to the time of the granting or sale of such Convertible Securities, then the total maximum number of shares of Common Stock issuable upon conversion or exchange of the total maximum amount of such Convertible Securities shall be deemed to have been issued as of the date of granting or sale of such Convertible Securities (and thereafter shall be deemed to be outstanding for purposes of adjusting the Conversion Price pursuant to subsection 4(i), at a price per share equal to the quotient obtained by dividing (A) the sum (which sum shall constitute the applicable consideration received for purposes of subsection 4(i) of (x) the total amount, if any, received or receivable by the corporation as consideration for the granting or sale of such Convertible Securities, plus (y) the minimum aggregate amount of additional consideration, if any, payable to the corporation upon the conversion or exchange of all such Convertible Securities, by (B) the total maximum number of shares of Common Stock issuable upon the conversion or exchange of all such Convertible Securities. Except as otherwise provided in subsection 4(iv)(C), (A) no further adjustment of the Conversion Price shall be made upon the actual issuance of Common Stock upon conversion or exchange of such Convertible Securities and (B) no further adjustment of the Conversion Price shall be made by reason of the issue or sale of Convertible Securities upon exercise of any Options to purchase any such Convertible Securities for which adjustments of the Conversion Price have been made pursuant to the other provisions of this subsection 4(iv).

 

 
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(C) Change in Terms of Options or Convertible Securities. Upon any change in any of (A) the total amount received or receivable by the corporation as consideration for the granting or sale of any Options or Convertible Securities referred to in subsection 4(iv)(A) or subsection 4(iv)(B) hereof, (B) the minimum aggregate amount of additional consideration, if any, payable to the corporation upon the exercise of any Options or upon the issuance, conversion, or exchange of any Convertible Securities referred to in subsection 4(iv)(A) or subsection 4(iv)(B) hereof, (C) the rate at which Convertible Securities referred to in subsection 4(iv)(A) or subsection 4(iv)(B) hereof are convertible into or exchangeable for Common Stock, or (D) the maximum number of shares of Common Stock issuable in connection with any Options referred to in subsection 4(iv)(A) hereof or any Convertible Securities referred to in subsection 4(iv)(B) hereof (in each case, other than in connection with an Excluded Issuance), then (whether or not the original issuance or sale of such Options or Convertible Securities resulted in an adjustment to the Conversion Price pursuant to this Section 4) the Conversion Price in effect at the time of such change shall be adjusted or readjusted, as applicable, to the Conversion Price which would have been in effect at such time pursuant to the provisions of this Section 4 had such Options or Convertible Securities still outstanding provided for such changed consideration, conversion rate, or maximum number of shares, as the case may be, at the time initially granted, issued, or sold, but only if as a result of such adjustment or readjustment the Conversion Price then in effect is reduced, and the number of Conversion shares issuable upon the conversion of the Series A Preferred Stock immediately prior to any such adjustment or readjustment shall be correspondingly adjusted or readjusted pursuant to the provisions of subsection 4(ii).

 

(D) Treatment of Expired or Terminated Options or Convertible Securities. Upon the expiration or termination of any unexercised Option (or portion thereof) or any unconverted or unexchanged Convertible Security (or portion thereof) for which any adjustment (either upon its original issuance or upon a revision of its terms) was made pursuant to this Section 4 (including without limitation upon the redemption or purchase for consideration of all or any portion of such Option or Convertible Security by the corporation), the Conversion Price then in effect hereunder shall forthwith be changed pursuant to the provisions of this subsection 4 to the Conversion Price which would have been in effect at the time of such expiration or termination had such unexercised Option (or portion thereof) or unconverted or unexchanged Convertible Security (or portion thereof), to the extent outstanding immediately prior to such expiration or termination, never been issued.

 

 
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(E) Calculation of Consideration Received. If the corporation shall, at any time or from time to time after the Date of Issuance, issue or sell, or is deemed to have issued or sold in accordance with subsection 4(iv), any shares of Common Stock, Options, or Convertible Securities: (A) for cash, the consideration received therefor shall be deemed to be the net amount received by the corporation therefor; (B) for consideration other than cash, the amount of the consideration other than cash received by the corporation shall be the fair value of such consideration, except where such consideration consists of marketable securities, in which case the amount of consideration received by the corporation shall be the market price (as reflected on any securities exchange, quotation system, or association or similar pricing system covering such security) for such securities as of the end of business on the date of receipt of such securities; (C) for no specifically allocated consideration in connection with an issuance or sale of other securities of the corporation, together comprising one integrated transaction, the amount of the consideration therefor shall be deemed to be the fair value of such portion of the aggregate consideration received by the corporation in such transaction as is attributable to such shares of Common Stock, Options, or Convertible Securities, as the case may be, issued in such transaction; or (D) to the owners of the non-surviving entity in connection with any merger in which the corporation is the surviving corporation, the amount of consideration therefor shall be deemed to be the fair value of such portion of the net assets and business of the non-surviving entity as is attributable to such shares of Common Stock, Options, or Convertible Securities, as the case may be, issued to such owners. The net amount of any cash consideration and the fair value of any consideration other than cash or marketable securities shall be determined in good faith jointly by the Board and the consent of two-thirds of the then total outstanding shares of Series A Preferred Stock.

 

(F) Record Date. For purposes of any adjustment to the Conversion Price or the number of Conversion shares in accordance with this Section 4, in case the corporation shall take a record of the holders of its Common Stock for the purpose of entitling them (A) to receive a dividend or other distribution payable in Common Stock, Options, or Convertible Securities or (B) to subscribe for or purchase Common Stock, Options, or Convertible Securities, then such record date shall be deemed to be the date of the issue or sale of the shares of Common Stock deemed to have been issued or sold upon the declaration of such dividend or the making of such other distribution or the date of the granting of such right of subscription or purchase, as the case may be.

 

(G) Treasury shares. The number of shares of Common Stock outstanding at any given time shall not include shares owned or held by or for the account of the corporation or any of its wholly-owned subsidiaries, and the disposition of any such shares (other than the cancellation or retirement thereof or the transfer of such shares among the corporation and its wholly-owned subsidiaries) shall be considered an issue or sale of Common Stock for the purpose of this Section 4.

 

 
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(v) Adjustment to Conversion Price and Conversion shares upon Dividend, Subdivision, or Combination of Common Stock. If the corporation shall, at any time or from time to time after the Date of Issuance, (i) pay a dividend or make any other distribution upon the Common Stock or any other capital stock of the corporation payable in shares of Common Stock or in Options or Convertible Securities, or (ii) subdivide (by any stock split, recapitalization, or otherwise) its outstanding shares of Common Stock into a greater number of shares, the Conversion Price in effect immediately prior to any such dividend, distribution, or subdivision shall be proportionately reduced and the number of Conversion shares issuable upon conversion of the Series A Preferred Stock shall be proportionately increased. If the corporation at any time combines (by combination, reverse stock split, or otherwise) its outstanding shares of Common Stock into a smaller number of shares, the Conversion Price in effect immediately prior to such combination shall be proportionately increased and the number of Conversion shares issuable upon conversion of the Series A Preferred Stock shall be proportionately decreased. Any adjustment under this subsection 4(v) shall become effective at the close of business on the date the dividend, subdivision, or combination becomes effective.

 

(vi) Adjustment to Conversion Price and Conversion shares upon Reorganization, Reclassification, Consolidation, or Merger. In the event of any (i) capital reorganization of the corporation, (ii) reclassification of the stock of the corporation (other than a change in par value or from par value to no par value or from no par value to par value or as a result of a stock dividend or subdivision, split-up or combination of shares), (iii) consolidation or merger of the corporation with or into another person, (iv) sale of all or substantially all of the corporation’s assets to another person or (v) other similar transaction (other than any such transaction covered by subsection 4(v), in each case which entitles the holders of Common Stock to receive (either directly or upon subsequent liquidation) stock, securities, or assets with respect to or in exchange for Common Stock, each share of Series A Preferred Stock shall, immediately after such reorganization, reclassification, consolidation, merger, sale, or similar transaction, remain outstanding and shall thereafter, in lieu of or in addition to (as the case may be) the number of Conversion shares then convertible for such share, be exercisable for the kind and number of shares of stock or other securities or assets of the corporation or of the successor person resulting from such transaction to which such share would have been entitled upon such reorganization, reclassification, consolidation, merger, sale, or similar transaction if the share had been converted in full immediately prior to the time of such reorganization, reclassification, consolidation, merger, sale, or similar transaction and acquired the applicable number of Conversion shares then issuable hereunder as a result of such conversion (without taking into account any limitations or restrictions on the convertibility of such share, if any); and, in such case, appropriate adjustment shall be made with respect to such holder’s rights under this Restated Certificate of Incorporation to insure that the provisions of this Section 4 hereof shall thereafter be applicable, as nearly as possible, to the Series A Preferred Stock in relation to any shares of stock, securities, or assets thereafter acquirable upon conversion of Series A Preferred Stock (including, in the case of any consolidation, merger, sale, or similar transaction in which the successor or purchasing person is other than the corporation, an immediate adjustment in the Conversion Price to the value per share for the Common Stock reflected by the terms of such consolidation, merger, sale, or similar transaction, and a corresponding immediate adjustment to the number of Conversion shares acquirable upon conversion of the Series A Preferred Stock without regard to any limitations or restrictions on conversion, if the value so reflected is less than the Conversion Price in effect immediately prior to such consolidation, merger, sale, or similar transaction). The provisions of this subsection 4(vi) shall similarly apply to successive reorganizations, reclassifications, consolidations, mergers, sales, or similar transactions. The corporation shall not effect any such reorganization, reclassification, consolidation, merger, sale, or similar transaction unless, prior to the consummation thereof, the successor person (if other than the corporation) resulting from such reorganization, reclassification, consolidation, merger, sale, or similar transaction, shall assume, by written instrument substantially similar in form and substance to this Restated Certificate of Incorporation, the obligation to deliver to the holders of Series A Preferred Stock such shares of stock, securities, or assets which, in accordance with the foregoing provisions, such holders shall be entitled to receive upon conversion of the Series A Preferred Stock. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained herein, with respect to any corporate event or other transaction contemplated by the provisions of this subsection 4(iv), each holder of shares of Series A Preferred Stock shall have the right to elect prior to the consummation of such event or transaction, to give effect to the provisions of Section 4 hereunder, instead of giving effect to the provisions contained in this subsection 4(iv) with respect to such holder’s Series A Preferred Stock.

 

 
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(vii) Certain Events. If any event of the type contemplated by the provisions of this Section 4 but not expressly provided for by such provisions (including, without limitation, the granting of stock appreciation rights, phantom stock rights, or other rights with equity features) occurs, then the Board shall make an appropriate adjustment in the Conversion Price and the number of Conversion shares issuable upon conversion of shares of Series A Preferred Stock so as to protect the rights of the holder of such shares in a manner consistent with the provisions of this Section 4; provided, that no such adjustment pursuant to this Section 4 shall increase the Conversion Price or decrease the number of Conversion shares issuable as otherwise determined pursuant to this Section 4.

 

(viii) Certificate as to Adjustment.

 

(A) As promptly as reasonably practicable following any adjustment of the Conversion Price, but in any event not later than 60 days thereafter, the corporation shall furnish to each holder of record of Series A Preferred Stock at the address specified for such holder in the books and records of the corporation (or at such other address as may be provided to the corporation in writing by such holder) a certificate of an executive officer setting forth in reasonable detail such adjustment and the facts upon which it is based and certifying the calculation thereof.

 

(B) As promptly as reasonably practicable following the receipt by the corporation of a written request by any holder of Series A Preferred Stock, but in any event not later than 30 days thereafter, the corporation shall furnish to such holder a certificate of an executive officer certifying the Conversion Price then in effect and the number of Conversion shares or the amount, if any, of other shares of stock, securities, or assets then issuable to such holder upon conversion of the shares of Series A Preferred Stock held by such holder.

 

(ix) Notices. In the event:

 

(A) that the corporation shall take a record of the holders of its Common Stock (or other capital stock or securities at the time issuable upon conversion of the Series A Preferred Stock) for the purpose of entitling or enabling them to receive any dividend or other distribution, to vote at a meeting (or by written consent), to receive any right to subscribe for or purchase any shares of capital stock of any class or any other securities, or to receive any other security; or

 

 
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(B) of any capital reorganization of the corporation, any reclassification of the Common Stock of the corporation, any consolidation or merger of the corporation with or into another person, or sale of all or substantially all of the corporation’s assets to another person; or

 

(C) of the voluntary or involuntary dissolution, liquidation, or winding-up of the corporation;

 

then, and in each such case, the corporation shall send or cause to be sent to each holder of record of Series A Preferred Stock at the address specified for such holder in the books and records of the corporation (or at such other address as may be provided to the corporation in writing by such holder) at least 30 days prior to the applicable record date or the applicable expected effective date, as the case may be, for the event, a written notice specifying, as the case may be, (A) the record date for such dividend, distribution, meeting or consent, or other right or action, and a description of such dividend, distribution, or other right or action to be taken at such meeting or by written consent, or (B) the effective date on which such reorganization, reclassification, consolidation, merger, sale, dissolution, liquidation, or winding-up is proposed to take place, and the date, if any is to be fixed, as of which the books of the corporation shall close or a record shall be taken with respect to which the holders of record of Common Stock (or such other capital stock or securities at the time issuable upon conversion of the Series A Preferred Stock) shall be entitled to exchange their shares of Common Stock (or such other capital stock or securities) for securities or other property deliverable upon such reorganization, reclassification, consolidation, merger, sale, dissolution, liquidation, or winding-up, and the amount per share and character of such exchange applicable to the Series A Preferred Stock and the Conversion shares.

 

(e) Other Distributions. In the event this corporation shall declare a distribution payable in securities of other persons, evidences of indebtedness issued by this corporation or other persons, assets (excluding cash dividends) or options or rights not referred to in subsection 4(d)(iii), then, in each such case for the purpose of this subsection 4(e), the holders of the Series A Preferred Stock shall be entitled to a proportionate share of any such distribution as though they were the holders of the number of shares of Class A Common Stock of this corporation into which their shares of Series A Preferred Stock are convertible as of the record date fixed for the determination of the holders of Class A Common Stock of this corporation entitled to receive such distribution.

 

(f) Recapitalizations. If at any time or from time to time there shall be a recapitalization of the Class A Common Stock (other than a subdivision, combination or merger or sale of assets transaction provided for elsewhere in this Section 4 or in Section 2) provision shall be made so that the holders of the Series A Preferred Stock shall thereafter be entitled to receive, upon conversion of the Series A Preferred Stock, the number of shares of stock or other securities or property of this corporation or otherwise, to which a holder of Class A Common Stock deliverable upon conversion would have been entitled on such recapitalization. In any such case, appropriate adjustment shall be made in the application of the provisions of this Section 4 with respect to the rights of the holders of the Series A Preferred Stock after the recapitalization to the end that the provisions of this Section 4 (including adjustment of the Conversion Price then in effect and the number of shares purchasable upon conversion of the Series A Preferred Stock) shall be applicable after that event as nearly equivalently as may be practicable.

 

 
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(g) No Fractional shares and Certificate as to Adjustments.

 

(i) No fractional shares shall be issued upon the conversion of any share or shares of the Series A Preferred Stock and the aggregate number of shares of Class A Common Stock to be issued to particular stockholders, shall be rounded down to the nearest whole share and this corporation shall pay in cash the fair market value of any fractional shares as of the time when entitlement to receive such fractional shares is determined. Whether or not fractional shares would be issuable upon such conversion shall be determined on the basis of the total number of shares of Series A Preferred Stock the holder is at the time converting into Class A Common Stock and the number of shares of Class A Common Stock issuable upon such conversion.

 

(ii) Upon the occurrence of each adjustment or readjustment of the Conversion Price of Series A Preferred Stock pursuant to this Section 4, this corporation, at its expense, shall promptly compute such adjustment or readjustment in accordance with the terms hereof and prepare and furnish to each holder of Series A Preferred Stock a certificate setting forth such adjustment or readjustment and showing in detail the facts upon which such adjustment or readjustment is based. This corporation shall, upon the written request at any time of any holder of Series A Preferred Stock, furnish or cause to be furnished to such holder a like certificate setting forth (A) such adjustment and readjustment, (B) the Conversion Price for such series of Series A Preferred Stock at the time in effect, and (C) the number of shares of Class A Common Stock and the amount, if any, of other property that at the time would be received upon the conversion of a share of Series A Preferred Stock.

 

(h) Notices of Record Date. In the event of any taking by this corporation of a record of the holders of any class of securities for the purpose of determining the holders thereof who are entitled to receive any dividend (other than a cash dividend) or other distribution, this corporation shall mail to each holder of Series A Preferred Stock, at least ten (10) days prior to the date specified therein, a notice specifying the date on which any such record is to be taken for the purpose of such dividend or distribution, and the amount and character of such dividend or distribution; provided, however, that subject to compliance with the General Corporation Law such notice period may be shortened or waived upon the written consent of the holders of Series A Preferred Stock that represent a majority of the then outstanding shares of such Series A Preferred Stock (voting together as a single class and not as separate series, and on an as-converted basis).

 

(i) Reservation of Stock Issuable Upon Conversion. This corporation shall at all times reserve and keep available out of its authorized but unissued shares of Class A Common Stock, solely for the purpose of effecting the conversion of the shares of the Series A Preferred Stock, such number of its shares of Class A Common Stock as shall from time to time be sufficient to effect the conversion of all outstanding shares of the Series A Preferred Stock; and if at any time the number of authorized but unissued shares of Class A Common Stock shall not be sufficient to effect the conversion of all then outstanding shares of the Series A Preferred Stock, in addition to such other remedies as shall be available to the holder of such Series A Preferred Stock, this corporation will take such corporate action as may, in the opinion of its counsel, be necessary to increase its authorized but unissued shares of Class A Common Stock to such number of shares as shall be sufficient for such purposes, including, without limitation, engaging in best efforts to obtain the requisite stockholder approval of any necessary amendment to this Restated Certificate of Incorporation.

 

 
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5. Voting Rights. The holder of each share of Series A Preferred Stock shall have the right to one vote for each share of Class A Common Stock into which such Series A Preferred Stock could then be converted, and with respect to such vote, such holder shall have full voting rights and powers equal to the voting rights and powers of the holders of Class A Common Stock, and shall be entitled, notwithstanding any provision hereof, to notice of any stockholders’ meeting in accordance with the Bylaws of this corporation, and except as provided by law or with respect to the election of directors by the separate class vote of the holders of Common Stock, shall be entitled to vote, together with holders of Class A Common Stock, with respect to any question upon which holders of Class A Common Stock have the right to vote. Fractional votes shall not, however, be permitted and any fractional voting rights available on an as-converted basis (after aggregating all shares into which shares of Series A Preferred Stock held by each holder could be converted) shall be rounded to the nearest whole number (with one-half (1/2) being rounded upward).

 

6. Reserved.

 

7. Status of Converted Stock. In the event any shares of Series A Preferred Stock shall be converted pursuant to Section 4 hereof, the shares so converted shall be cancelled and shall not be issuable by this corporation. The Restated Certificate of Incorporation of this corporation shall be appropriately amended to effect the corresponding reduction in this corporation’s authorized capital stock.

 

8. Notices. Any notice required by the provisions of this Article IV(B) to be given to the holders of shares of Series A Preferred Stock shall be deemed given (a) five (5) days following its deposit in the United States mail, postage prepaid, and addressed to each holder of record at his, her or its address appearing on the books of this corporation, (b) upon such notice being provided by electronic transmission in a manner permitted by the General Corporation Law or (c) five (5) days following such notice being provided in another manner then permitted by the General Corporation Law.

 

C. Common Stock. The rights, preferences, privileges and restrictions granted to and imposed on the Common Stock are as set forth below in this Article IV(C). Except as otherwise provided in this Restated Certificate of Incorporation or required by applicable law, shares of Common Stock shall have the same rights and powers, rank equally (including as to dividends and distributions, and any liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the corporation but excluding voting as described in Section 5 below), share ratably and be identical in all respects as to all matters.

 

 
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1. Definitions. For purposes of this Article IV(C), the following definitions apply:

 

(a) “Family Member” shall mean with respect to any natural person who is a Qualified Stockholder, the spouse, parents, grandparents, lineal descendants, siblings and lineal descendants of siblings of such Qualified Stockholder.

 

(b) “Final Conversion Date” means the date fixed by the Board of Directors that is no more than 180 days following the date that no shares of Class B Common Stock are outstanding.

 

(c) “Permitted Entity” shall mean with respect to a Qualified Stockholder (a) a Permitted Trust (as defined below) solely for the benefit of (i) such Qualified Stockholder, (ii) one or more Family Members of such Qualified Stockholder and/or (iii) any other Permitted Entity of such Qualified Stockholder, or (b) any general partnership, limited partnership, limited liability company, corporation or other entity exclusively owned by (i) such Qualified Stockholder, (ii) one or more Family Members of such Qualified Stockholder and/or (iii) any other Permitted Entity of such Qualified Stockholder.

 

(d) “Permitted Transfer” shall mean, and be restricted to, any Transfer of a share of Class B Common Stock:

 

(i) by a Qualified Stockholder to (i) one or more Family Members of such Qualified Stockholder, or (ii) any Permitted Entity of such Qualified Stockholder;

 

(ii) by a Permitted Entity of a Qualified Stockholder to (i) such Qualified Stockholder or one or more Family Members of such Qualified Stockholder, or (ii) any other Permitted Entity of such Qualified Stockholder; or

 

(iii) approved by the Board.

 

(e) “Permitted Transferee” shall mean a transferee of shares of Class B Common Stock received in a Transfer that constitutes a Permitted Transfer.

 

(f) “Permitted Trust” shall mean a bona fide trust where each trustee is (a) a Qualified Stockholder, (b) Family Member or (c) a professional in the business of providing trustee services, including private professional fiduciaries, trust companies and bank trust departments.

 

(g) “Qualified Stockholder” shall mean (a) any registered holder of a share of Class B Common Stock and (b) any Permitted Transferee.

 

(h) “Transfer” of a share of Class B Common Stock shall mean any sale, assignment, transfer, conveyance, hypothecation or other transfer or disposition of such share or any legal or beneficial interest in such share, whether or not for value and whether voluntary or involuntary or by operation of law, including, without limitation, a transfer of a share of Class B Common Stock to a broker or other nominee (regardless of whether there is a corresponding change in beneficial ownership), or the transfer of, or entering into a binding agreement with respect to, Voting Control (as defined below) over such share by proxy or otherwise; provided, however, that the following shall not be considered a “Transfer” within the meaning of this Article V:

 

 
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(i) the granting of a revocable proxy to officers or directors of the Company at the request of the Board in connection with actions to be taken at an annual or special meeting of stockholders;

 

(ii) entering into a voting trust, agreement or arrangement (with or without granting a proxy) solely with stockholders who are holders of Class B Common Stock that (i) is disclosed either in a Schedule 13D filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission or in writing to the Secretary of the Corporation, (ii) either has a term not exceeding one (1) year or is terminable by the holder of the shares subject thereto at any time and (iii) does not involve any payment of cash, securities, property or other consideration to the holder of the shares subject thereto other than the mutual promise to vote shares in a designated manner; or

 

(iii) the pledge of shares of Class B Common Stock by a stockholder that creates a mere security interest in such shares pursuant to a bona fide loan or indebtedness transaction for so long as such stockholder continues to exercise Voting Control over such pledged shares; provided, however, that a foreclosure on such shares or other similar action by the pledgee shall constitute a “Transfer” unless such foreclosure or similar action qualifies as a “Permitted Transfer”.

 

A “Transfer” shall also be deemed to have occurred with respect to a share of Class B Common Stock beneficially held by an entity that is a Permitted Entity, if there occurs any act or circumstance that causes such entity to no longer be a Permitted Entity.

 

(i) “Voting Control” shall mean, with respect to a share of Class B Common Stock, the power (whether exclusive or shared) to vote or direct the voting of such share by proxy, voting agreement or otherwise.

 

2. Dividend Rights. Subject to the prior rights of holders of all classes of stock at the time outstanding having prior rights as to dividends, the holders of the Common Stock shall be entitled to receive, when, as and if declared by the Board of Directors, out of any assets of this corporation legally available therefor, any dividends as may be declared from time to time by the Board of Directors. Any dividends paid to the holders of shares of Common Stock shall be paid pro rata, on an equal priority, pari passu basis, unless different treatment of the shares of each such class is approved by the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the outstanding shares of the applicable class of Common Stock treated adversely, voting separately as a class. The Company shall not declare or pay any dividend or make any other distribution to the holders of Common Stock payable in securities of the Company unless the same dividend or distribution with the same record date and payment date shall be declared and paid on all shares of Common Stock; provided, however, that dividends or other distributions payable in shares of Class B Common Stock or rights to acquire shares of Class B Common Stock may be declared and paid to the holders of Class B Common Stock without the same dividend or distribution being declared and paid to the holders of the Class A Common Stock if, and only if, a dividend payable in shares of Class A Common Stock or rights to acquire shares of Class A Common Stock are declared and paid to the holders of Class A Common Stock at the same rate and with the same record date and payment date; and dividends or other distributions payable in shares of Class A Common Stock or rights to acquire shares Class A Common Stock may be declared and paid to the holders of Class A Common Stock without the same dividend or distribution being declared and paid to the holders of the Class B Common Stock if, and only if, a dividend payable in shares of Class B Common Stock or rights to acquire shares of Class B Common Stock are declared and paid to the holders of Class B Common Stock at the same rate and with the same record date and payment date; and provided, further, that nothing in the foregoing shall prevent the Company from declaring and paying dividends or other distributions payable in shares of one class of Common Stock or rights to acquire one class of Common Stock to holders of all classes of Common Stock.

 

 
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3. Liquidation Rights. Subject to the terms of any series of Preferred Stock, upon the liquidation, dissolution or winding up of this corporation, the assets of this corporation shall be distributed as provided in Section 2 of Article IV(B) hereof, and shall be distributed on an equal priority, pro rata basis to the holders of Common Stock, unless different treatment of the shares of each such class is approved by the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the outstanding shares of Class B Common Stock and Class A Common Stock, each voting separately as a class.

 

4. Redemption. The Common Stock is not redeemable at the option of the holder.

 

5. Voting Rights.

 

(a) The holder of each share of Class A Common Stock shall have the right to one vote for each such share and the holder of each share of Class B Common Stock shall have the right to eight votes for each such share, and each holder of Class A Common Stock and each holder of Class B Common Stock shall be entitled to notice of any stockholders’ meeting in accordance with the Bylaws of this corporation, and shall be entitled to vote upon such matters and in such manner as may be provided by law; provided, however, that, except as otherwise required by law, holders of Common Stock, as such, shall not be entitled to vote on any amendment to the Certificate of Incorporation that relates solely to the terms of one or more outstanding series of Preferred Stock if the holders of such affected series are entitled, either separately or together with the holders of one or more other such series, to vote thereon pursuant to the Certificate of Incorporation or pursuant to the General Corporation Law. Except as otherwise expressly provided herein or as required by law, the holders of Class B Common Stock and Class A Common Stock will vote together and not as separate series or classes. The number of authorized shares of Common Stock may be increased or decreased (but not below the number of shares thereof then outstanding) by the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the stock of this corporation entitled to vote, irrespective of the provisions of Section 242(b)(2) of the General Corporation Law.

 

(b) The holders of the Common Stock and Series A Preferred Stock (voting together as a single class and not as separate series, and on an as-converted basis) shall be entitled to elect the directors of this corporation, and following the Final Conversion Date, the holders of Common Stock, voting together as a single class, shall be entitled to elect, remove and replace all directors of the Company.

 

 
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Notwithstanding the provisions of Section 223(a)(1) and 223(a)(2) of the General Corporation Law, any vacancy, including newly created directorships resulting from any increase in the authorized number of directors or amendment of this Restated Certificate of Incorporation, and vacancies created by removal or resignation of a director, may be filled by a majority of the directors then in office, though less than a quorum, or by a sole remaining director, and the directors so chosen shall hold office until the next annual election and until their successors are duly elected and shall qualify, unless sooner displaced; provided, however, that where such vacancy occurs among the directors elected by the holders of a class or series of stock, the holders of shares of such class or series may override the Board’s action to fill such vacancy by (i) voting for their own designee to fill such vacancy at a meeting of this corporation’s stockholders or (ii) written consent, if the consenting stockholders hold a sufficient number of shares to elect their designee at a meeting of the stockholders. Any director may be removed during his or her term of office, either with or without cause, by, and only by, the affirmative vote of the holders of the shares of the class or series of stock entitled to elect such director or directors, given either at a special meeting of such stockholders duly called for that purpose or pursuant to a written consent of stockholders, and any vacancy thereby created may be filled by the holders of that class or series of stock represented at the meeting or pursuant to written consent.

 

6. Conversion of the Class B Common Stock. The Class B Common Stock will automatically be converted into one fully paid and nonassessable share of Class A Common Stock: (a) on the affirmative election of such holder; or (b) on the occurrence of a Transfer of such share of Class B Common Stock, other than a Permitted Transfer.

 

On the occurrence of the conversion events specified in this Section 6, such conversion will occur automatically without the need for any further action by the holders of such shares and whether or not the certificates representing such shares are surrendered to the Company or its transfer agent; provided, however, that the Company will not be obligated to issue certificates evidencing the shares of Class A Common Stock issuable on such conversion unless the certificates evidencing such shares of Class B Common Stock, if any such certificates have been issued, are either delivered to the Company or its transfer agent as provided below, or the holder notifies the Company or its transfer agent that such certificates have been lost, stolen or destroyed and executes an agreement satisfactory to the Company to indemnify the Company from any loss incurred by it in connection with such certificates. On the occurrence of such automatic conversion of the Class B Common Stock, the holders of Class B Common Stock so converted will surrender the certificates representing such shares at the office of the Company or any transfer agent for the Class A Common Stock. Thereupon, if requested by any holder of Class B Common Stock, there will be issued and delivered to such holder promptly at such office and in its name as shown on such surrendered certificate or certificates, a certificate or certificates for the number of shares of Class A Common Stock into which the shares of Class B Common Stock surrendered were convertible on the date on which such automatic conversion occurred.

 

 
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7. Reservation of Stock issuable Upon Conversion. The Company will at all times reserve and keep available out of its authorized but unissued shares of Class A Common Stock, solely for the purpose of effecting the conversion of the shares of the Class B Common Stock, such number of its shares of Class A Common Stock as shall from time to time be sufficient to effect the conversion of all outstanding shares of Class B Common Stock and if at any time the number of authorized but unissued shares of Class A Common Stock will not be sufficient to effect the conversion of all then-outstanding shares of Class B Common Stock, the Company will take such corporate action as may, in the opinion of its counsel, be necessary to increase its authorized but unissued shares of Class A Common Stock to such number of shares as will be sufficient for such purpose.

 

8. No Reissuance of Class B Common Stock. No share or shares of Class B Common Stock acquired by the Company by reason of redemption, purchase, conversion or otherwise shall be reissued, and all such shares shall be cancelled, retired and eliminated from the shares that the Company shall be authorized to issue.

 

9. Subdivision. If the Company in any manner subdivides or combines the outstanding shares of Class B Common Stock or Class A Common Stock, then the outstanding shares of all Common Stock will be subdivided or combined in the same proportion and manner.

 

ARTICLE V

 

Except as otherwise provided in this Restated Certificate of Incorporation, in furtherance and not in limitation of the powers conferred by statute, the Board of Directors is expressly authorized to make, repeal, alter, amend and rescind any or all of the Bylaws of this corporation.

 

ARTICLE VI

 

The number of directors of this corporation shall be determined in the manner set forth in the Bylaws of this corporation. Unless otherwise provided herein, each director shall be entitled to one vote on each matter presented to the Board of Directors; provided that to the extent the approval of any particular director or directors is required by any agreement for specified actions, receipt of such approval shall be necessary for the board to authorize such actions.

 

ARTICLE VII

 

Elections of directors need not be by written ballot unless the Bylaws of this corporation shall so provide.

 

ARTICLE VIII

 

Meetings of stockholders may be held within or without the State of Delaware, as the Bylaws of this corporation may provide. The books of this corporation may be kept (subject to any provision contained in the statutes) outside the State of Delaware at such place or places as may be designated from time to time by the Board of Directors or in the Bylaws of this corporation.

 

ARTICLE IX

 

To the fullest extent permitted by law, a director of this corporation shall not be personally liable to this corporation or its stockholders for monetary damages for breach of fiduciary duty as a director. If the General Corporation Law is amended after approval by the stockholders of this Article IX to authorize corporate action further eliminating or limiting the personal liability of directors, then the liability of a director of this corporation shall be eliminated or limited to the fullest extent permitted by the General Corporation Law as so amended.

 

 
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Any amendment, repeal or modification of the foregoing provisions of this Article IX by the stockholders of this corporation shall not adversely affect any right or protection of a director of this corporation existing at the time of, or increase the liability of any director of this corporation with respect to any acts or omissions of such director occurring prior to, such amendment, repeal or modification.

 

ARTICLE X

 

This corporation reserves the right to amend, alter, change or repeal any provision contained in this Restated Certificate of Incorporation, in the manner now or hereafter prescribed by statute, and all rights conferred upon stockholders herein are granted subject to this reservation.

 

ARTICLE XI

 

To the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, this corporation is authorized to provide indemnification of (and advancement of expenses to) directors, officers, employees and agents of this corporation (and any other persons to which General Corporation Law permits this corporation to provide indemnification) through Bylaw provisions, agreements with such persons, vote of stockholders or disinterested directors or otherwise, in excess of the indemnification and advancement otherwise permitted by Section 145 of the General Corporation Law.

 

 

Any amendment, repeal or modification of the foregoing provisions of this Article XI shall not adversely affect any right or protection of a director, officer, employee, agent or other person existing at the time of, or increase the liability of any such person with respect to any acts or omissions of such person occurring prior to, such amendment, repeal or modification.

 

ARTICLE XII

 

This corporation renounces any interest or expectancy of this corporation in, or in being offered an opportunity to participate in, any Excluded Opportunity. An “Excluded Opportunity” is any matter, transaction or interest that is presented to, or acquired, created or developed by, or which otherwise comes into the possession of, (i) any director of this corporation who is not an employee of this corporation or any of its subsidiaries, or (ii) any holder of Preferred Stock or any partner, member, director, stockholder, employee or agent of any such holder, other than someone who is an employee of this corporation or any of its subsidiaries (collectively, “Covered persons”), unless such matter, transaction or interest is presented to, or acquired, created or developed by, or otherwise comes into the possession of, a Covered person expressly and solely in such Covered person’s capacity as a director of this corporation.

 

 
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ARTICLE XIII

 

A. Forum Selection. Unless this corporation consents in writing to the selection of an alternative forum, the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware and the federal district courts shall, to the fullest extent permitted by law, be the sole and exclusive forum for (i) any derivative action or proceeding brought on behalf of this corporation, (ii) any action asserting a claim of breach of a fiduciary duty owed by any director, officer or other employee of this corporation to this corporation or this corporation’s stockholders, (iii) any action arising pursuant to any provision of the General Corporation Law or this Restated Certificate of Incorporation or the Bylaws (as either may be amended from time to time), or (iv) any action asserting a claim governed by the internal affairs doctrine, except for, as to each of (i) through (iv) above, any claim as to which the Court of Chancery determines that there is an indispensable party not subject to the jurisdiction of the Court of Chancery (and the indispensable party does not consent to the personal jurisdiction of the Court of Chancery within ten (10) days following such determination), which is vested in the exclusive jurisdiction of a court or forum other than the Court of Chancery, or for which the Court of Chancery does not have subject matter jurisdiction. Any person or entity purchasing or otherwise acquiring or holding any interest in shares of capital stock of this corporation shall be deemed to have notice of and consented to the provisions of this Article XIV.

 

This subsection A. of Article XIII shall not apply to actions arising under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. The federal district courts of the United States are the exclusive forum for resolving any complaint asserting a cause of action arising under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.

 

B. Personal Jurisdiction. If any action the subject matter of which is within the scope of Article XIV(A) is filed in a court other than a court located within the State of Delaware (a “Foreign Action”) in the name of any stockholder, such stockholder shall be deemed to have consented to (i) the personal jurisdiction of the state and federal courts located within the State of Delaware in connection with any action brought in any such court to enforce Article XIV(A) (an “FSC Enforcement Action”) and (ii) having service of process made upon such stockholder in any such FSC Enforcement Action by service upon such stockholder’s counsel in the Foreign Action as agent for such stockholder.

 

C. Savings. If any provision or provisions of this Article XIV shall be held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable as applied to any person or entity or circumstance for any reason whatsoever, then, to the fullest extent permitted by law, the validity, legality and enforceability of such provisions in any other circumstance and of the remaining provisions of this Article XIV (including, without limitation, each portion of any sentence of this Article XIV containing any such provision held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable that is not itself held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable) and the application of such provision to other persons or entities and circumstances shall not in any way be affected or impaired thereby.

 

* * *

 

THIRD: The foregoing amendment and restatement was approved by the holders of the requisite number of shares of said corporation in accordance with Section 228 of the General Corporation Law.

 

FOURTH: That said Restated Certificate of Incorporation, which restates and integrates and further amends the provisions of this corporation’s Certificate of Incorporation, has been duly adopted in accordance with Sections 242 and 245 of the General Corporation Law.

 

 
21

 

 

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, this Restated Certificate of Incorporation has been executed by a duly authorized officer of this corporation on this __ day of October, 2022.

 

 

Name:

 
  Title:  
       

 

 
22

 

EX1A-11 CONSENT.1 4 cub_ex111.htm CONSENT cub_ex111.htm

EXHIBIT 11.1

 

CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT PUBLIC

ACCOUNTING FIRM

 

September 22, 2022

 

Board of Directors

CUB CRAFTERS, INC. and subsidiaries

 

We hereby consent to the inclusion in the Offering Circular or other documents filed under Regulation A tier 2 on Form 1-A of our reports dated October 20, 2021, with respect to the balance sheets of CUB CRAFTERS, INC. and subsidiaries as of December 31, 2020 and 2019 and the related statements of operations, changes in shareholders’ equity and cash flows for the calendar years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, and the related notes to the financial statements.

 

/s/ IndigoSpire CPA Group

 

IndigoSpire CPA Group, LLC

Aurora, Colorado

 

September 22, 2022 

EX1A-11 CONSENT.2 5 cub_ex112.htm CONSENT cub_ex112.htm

EXHIBIT 11.2

  

CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT AUDITOR

 

We consent to the use, in this Offering Circular on Form 1-A, of our independent auditor’s report dated August 31, 2022, with respect to the audited balance sheet of Cub Crafters, Inc. as of December 31, 2021 and the related statements of operations, changes in stockholders’ equity, cash flows and related notes to the financial statements for the year then ended.

 

Very truly yours,

 

/s/ McNamara and Associates, PLLC.

 

McNamara and Associates, PLLC.

 

Spokane, Washington

September 28, 2022

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