An offering statement pursuant to Regulation A (17 CFR 230.251, et seq.) relating to the securities described herein (the “Securities”) has been filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. Information contained in this preliminary offering circular (the “Preliminary Offering Circular”) is subject to completion or amendment. The Securities may not be sold nor may offers to buy be accepted before the Offering Statement is qualified. This Preliminary Offering Circular will not constitute an offer to sell or the solicitation of an offer to buy nor may there be any sales of the Securities in any state in which such offer, solicitation or sale would be unlawful before registration or qualification under the laws of any such state. The issuer of the Securities may elect to satisfy its obligation to deliver a final offering circular (“Final Offering Circular”) by sending you a notice within two business days after the completion of its sale to you that contains the uniform resource locator where the Final Offering Circular or the Offering Statement in which such Final Offering Circular was filed may be obtained.
| Preliminary Offering Circular (Subject to Completion) | October 31, 2022 |
PART II – INFORMATION REQUIRED IN OFFERING CIRCULAR
COVER PAGE OF PRELIMINARY OFFERING CIRCULAR
APPROXIMATE DATE OF COMMENCEMENT OF PROPOSED SALE TO PUBLIC:
As soon as practicable after the date as of which the Offering Statement has been qualified by the Commission
Mr. Mango LLC
9570 West Pico Boulevard
Los Angeles, CA 90035
+(310) 746-1400
https://skybound.com (the contents of which do not constitute part of this Offering Circular)
Up to 150,000 Units
Aggregate Offering Amount: $75,000,000
Minimum Investment: $500
Mr. Mango LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (“we,” “us,” “our,” or the “Company”), is conducting a Regulation A Tier 2 offering (this “Offering”) of its limited liability company common equity interests (“Common Interests,” and also referred to herein as “Units” or “Unit,” as applicable), each of which are subject to the conditions set forth in “Securities Being Offered.” The number of Units subject to this Offering is 150,000. Of that amount, we are offering for sale, to the public, up to 150,000 Units at a fixed price of $500 per Unit (the “Offering Price”). The minimum purchase per investor is $500 (1 Unit). Additional purchases may be made in multiples of $500 (1 Unit). No investor will be entitled to a fractional Unit. If the purchase price paid, divided by the Offering Price, results in a number of Units that is not a whole number, the number of Units to which the investor is entitled will be rounded down to the nearest whole number.
This Offering, which is not subject to the sale of any minimum number of Units, is being conducted on a “best efforts” basis through a registered broker-dealer, which will be paid (i) a brokerage commission, in cash, of 6% of the first $20,000,000 of the aggregate Offering Price of all Units sold in this Offering, 5% of the next $30,000,000 of the aggregate Offering Price of all Units sold in this Offering, and 1.5% of all dollar value over $50,000,000 of the aggregate Offering Price of all Units sold in this Offering (the “Brokerage Commission”); and (ii) a securities commission – that is, a commission paid in Units – of 1.5% of all Units sold in this Offering, provided the aggregate Offering Price of all Units sold in this Offering is equal to or exceeds $25,000,000. 225,000 of Units not being offered for sale in this Offering are being reserved for the payment of that securities commission. No Company officer or director who introduces friends, family members and business acquaintances to any selling agent in this Offering will receive commissions or any other remuneration from any such sales.
Sale of the Units will commence within two calendar days after the date (the “Qualification Date”) as of which the Commission qualifies the offering statement (the “Offering Statement”) related to this offering circular (this “Offering Circular”). The Units will be offered for sale on a continuous basis, pursuant to Rule 251(d)(3)(i)(F) of Regulation A (“Regulation A”) under the Securities Act of 1933 (the “Securities Act”), until the earliest of (i) the 240 th day after the Qualification Date (though we may, in our sole discretion, extend this Offering one or more times), (ii) the date as of which all Units offered by this Offering Circular have been sold and (iii) any such earlier time as we may determine in our sole discretion, regardless of the number of Units sold and the amount of capital raised. If we sell all of the 150,000 Units we are offering, our gross proceeds will be $75,000,000. All funds raised will become available to us and will be used as described under “Use of Proceeds.” Investors are advised that unless their subscriptions are rejected, they will not be entitled to a return of their subscription funds and could lose their entire investment.
Effective on October 24, 2022, we implemented a 1-to-7.18732 split of our issued and outstanding limited liability company membership equity interests (such split, the “Unit Split”). All unit and per unit information have been retroactively adjusted to reflect the Unit Split for all periods presented, unless otherwise indicated. The Company’s financial statements have not been adjusted to reflect the Unit Split.
If any subscriptions are rejected, the associated sale proceeds will be returned to the related investors, without interest. Otherwise, because this Offering is not conditioned on the sale of any minimum number of Units, proceeds from the sale of Units will be retained by the Company.
Generally, no sale may be made to you in this Offering if the aggregate purchase price you pay is more than 10% of the greater of your annual income or net worth. Different rules apply to accredited investors and non-natural persons. Before making any representation that your investment does not exceed applicable thresholds, we encourage you to review Rule 251(d)(2)(i)(C) of Regulation A. For general information on investing, we encourage you to visit www.investor.gov.
THE UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION (THE “COMMISSION”) DOES NOT PASS UPON THE MERITS OF OR GIVE ITS APPROVAL TO ANY SECURITIES OFFERED OR THE TERMS OF THIS OFFERING, NOR DOES IT PASS UPON THE ACCURACY OR COMPLETENESS OF ANY OFFERING CIRCULAR OR OTHER SOLICITATION MATERIALS. THESE SECURITIES ARE OFFERED PURSUANT TO AN EXEMPTION FROM REGISTRATION WITH THE COMMISSION; HOWEVER, THE COMMISSION HAS NOT MADE AN INDEPENDENT DETERMINATION THAT THE SECURITIES OFFERED ARE EXEMPT FROM REGISTRATION.
| Gross Proceeds | Underwriting Discount and Commissions | Proceeds to Company(2) | Proceeds to Other Persons | |||||||||||||
| Total Maximum: | $ | 75,000,000 | $ | 3,075,000 | (1) | $ | 71,625,000 | $ | 294,995 | |||||||
| (1) | The Units are being offered on a “best efforts” basis through OpenDeal Broker LLC (“ODB”), a broker-dealer registered with the Commission and admitted to membership in the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (“FINRA”) and the Securities Investor Protection Corporation (“SIPC”). As of the date of this Offering Circular, the Company is a party to a selling agreement with ODB. The Brokerage Commission (defined above) will be paid to ODB with respect to all Units sold in this Offering. In addition to the Brokerage Commission, ODB will also receive a securities commission, payable in Units, equal to 1.5% of all Units sold in this Offering, provided the aggregate Offering Price for all Units sold in this Offering is equal to or exceeds $25,000,000. We may be required to indemnify ODB and possibly other parties with respect to disclosures made in this Offering Circular. We reserve the right, in connection with this Offering, to enter into posting agreements with equity crowdfunding firms not associated with FINRA member firms, for which we may pay non-contingent fees as compensation. See “Plan of Distribution” for details regarding the compensation payable to third-parties in connection with this Offering. | |
| (2) | The amounts shown in “Proceeds to the Company” reflect amounts after deducting our offering expenses, which include legal, accounting, printing, and blue sky compliance fees and expenses incurred in this Offering. See “Use of Proceeds” and “Plan of Distribution” for details. |
THE UNITS HAVE NOT BEEN REGISTERED UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OR THE SECURITIES LAWS OF CERTAIN STATES. THE UNITS ARE BEING OFFERED AND SOLD IN RELIANCE ON EXEMPTIONS FROM THE REGISTRATION REQUIREMENTS OF THE SECURITIES ACT AND SUCH STATE LAWS. THE UNITS MAY BE SUBJECT IN VARIOUS STATES TO RESTRICTION ON TRANSFERABILITY AND RESALE AND MAY NOT BE TRANSFERRED OR RESOLD EXCEPT AS PERMITTED UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT AND SUCH STATE LAWS PURSUANT TO REGISTRATION OR EXEMPTION THEREFROM. THE UNITS HAVE NOT BEEN APPROVED OR DISAPPROVED BY THE COMMISSION, ANY STATE SECURITIES COMMISSION OR OTHER REGULATORY AUTHORITY, NOR HAVE ANY OF THE FOREGOING AUTHORITIES PASSED UPON OR ENDORSED THE MERITS OF THIS OFFERING OR THE ACCURACY OR ADEQUACY OF THE OFFERING CIRCULAR. ANY REPRESENTATION TO THE CONTRARY IS UNLAWFUL.
As of the date of this Offering Circular, no public market exists for the Units, and no such public market may ever develop. If it does, it may not be sustained. As of the date of this Offering Circular, the Units are not traded on any exchange or on the over-the-counter market, and we can provide no assurance that it will ever be quoted on a stock exchange or a quotation service. We anticipate that proceeds from this Offering will be employed as outlined in “Use of Proceeds” and “Description of Business.” For more information on the Units, see “Securities Being Offered.”
These are speculative securities. Investing in them involves significant risks. You should invest in them only if you can afford a complete loss of your investment. See “Risk Factors” beginning on page 6.
This Offering Circular follows the offering circular disclosure format of Part II of Form 1-A/A.
Offering Circular Dated October 31, 2022
Implications of being an Emerging Growth Company
As an issuer with less than $1 billion in total gross revenues during our last fiscal year, we will qualify as an “emerging growth company” under the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012 (the “JOBS Act”). This will be significant if and when we become subject to the ongoing reporting requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the “Exchange Act”). An emerging growth company may take advantage of certain reduced reporting requirements and is relieved of certain other significant requirements that are otherwise generally applicable to public companies. In particular, as an emerging growth company, we:
| ● | will not be required to obtain an auditor attestation on our internal controls over financial reporting pursuant to the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002; | |
| ● | will not be required to provide a detailed narrative disclosure discussing our compensation principles, objectives and elements analyzing how these elements compare with our principles and objectives (commonly referred to as “compensation discussion and analysis”); | |
| ● | will not be required to obtain a non-binding advisory vote from our members on executive compensation or golden parachute arrangements; | |
| ● | will be exempt from certain executive compensation disclosure provisions requiring a pay for performance graph and CEO pay ratio disclosure; and | |
| ● | may present only two years of financial statements and only two years of related management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations (or MD&A) disclosure. |
We intend to take advantage of all these reduced reporting requirements and exemptions, including the longer phase-in periods for the adoption of new or revised financial accounting standards, and hereby elect to do so. Our election to use the phase-in periods may make it difficult to compare our financial statements to those of non-emerging growth companies and other emerging growth companies that have opted out of the phase-in periods under Section 107 of the JOBS Act.
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Under the JOBS Act, we may take advantage of the above-described reduced reporting requirements and exemptions for up to five years after our initial sale of common equity pursuant to a registration statement declared effective under the Securities Act or until such earlier time, if any, as we no longer meet the definition of an emerging growth company. We would no longer be an emerging growth company if our revenues exceeded $1.07 billion; if we issued more than $1.0 billion in nonconvertible debt in a three-year period; or if the market value of the common equity held by the public exceeded $700 million as of our fiscal year-end.
We do not intend to register a class of securities under Section 12 of the Exchange Act.
THIS OFFERING CIRCULAR MAY NOT BE REPRODUCED IN WHOLE OR IN PART, AND ITS USE FOR ANY PURPOSE OTHER THAN AN INVESTMENT IN THE SECURITIES IS NOT AUTHORIZED AND IS PROHIBITED.
THIS OFFERING IS SUBJECT TO WITHDRAWAL OR CANCELLATION BY THE COMPANY AT ANY TIME AND WITHOUT NOTICE. THE COMPANY RESERVES THE RIGHT IN ITS SOLE DISCRETION TO REJECT ANY SUBSCRIPTION IN WHOLE OR IN PART NOTWITHSTANDING TENDER OF PAYMENT OR TO ALLOT TO ANY PROSPECTIVE INVESTOR LESS THAN THE NUMBER OF SECURITIES SUBSCRIBED FOR BY SUCH INVESTOR.
THE OFFERING PRICE OF THE SECURITIES HAS BEEN DETERMINED BY THE COMPANY AND DOES NOT NECESSARILY BEAR ANY SPECIFIC RELATION TO THE ASSETS, BOOK VALUE OR POTENTIAL EARNINGS OF THE COMPANY OR ANY OTHER RECOGNIZED CRITERIA OF VALUE.
ADVICE OF FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
Certain statements in this Offering Circular constitute forward-looking statements. When used in this Offering Circular, the words “may,” “will,” “should,” “project,” “anticipate,” “believe,” “estimate,” “intend,” “expect,” “continue,” and similar expressions or the negatives thereof are generally intended to identify forward-looking statements. Such forward-looking statements, including the intended actions and performance objectives of the Company, involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties, and other important factors that could cause the actual results, performance, or achievements of the Company to differ materially from any future results, performance, or achievements expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. No representation or warranty is made as to future performance or such forward-looking statements. The Company expressly disclaims any obligation or undertaking to disseminate any updates or revisions to any forward-looking statement contained herein to reflect any change in its expectation with regard thereto or any change in events, conditions, or circumstances on which any such statement is based.
You should not place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements. Our actual results could differ materially from those that we anticipate and that are expressed or implied by the use of such forward-looking statements and, for many reasons, are subject to certain risks. All forward-looking statements in this Offering Circular speak only as of this Offering Circular’s date, based on information available to us (taking into consideration that certain information is unknown or not available to us) as of the date hereof, and we assume no obligation to update any forward-looking statement or information contained in this Offering Circular.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
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SUMMARY OF OFFERING
This Summary of Offering highlights information contained elsewhere in this Offering Circular and does not contain all of the information you should consider before investing in the Units. Before making an investment decision, you should read the entire Offering Circular carefully, including the “Risk Factors” section, the “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” section, the financial statements and the notes to the financial statements. An investment in the Units presents substantial risks and you could lose all or substantially all of your investment.
Mr. Mango LLC (the “Company,” “we,” “us” or “our”), is a Delaware limited liability company formed on December 14, 2016. The Company, together with its subsidiaries, is a multiplatform entertainment company that engages with creators and their intellectual properties to create engaging content and deliver one-of-a-kind experiences to fans. The Company extends creator’s stories across platforms including comics, television, film, video games, tabletop, books, digital content, audio programming, and beyond. The Company is home to critically acclaimed global franchises including The Walking Dead, Invincible, Superfight, and Impact Winter. The Company maintains key partnerships across the entertainment industry including Universal Pictures and Image Comics, holds a first look development deal with Audible, and has engaged an ongoing strategic business partnership with mobile games publisher and developer 5th Planet Games (OAX: FIVEPG). The Company’s capabilities include publishing, production, and global distribution for video games across all genres, including the multi-million unit selling Telltale’s The Walking Dead video game series. The Company is also a strategic global marketing and distribution partner of Striking Distance Studios for the highly-anticipated survival-horror game The Callisto Protocol.
The Company is hereby offering up to 150,000 Units, on a “best efforts” basis. As of the date of this Offering Circular, there is no public market for the Company’s securities, and no such public market may ever develop. An investment in the Units involves a high degree of risk. You should purchase Units only if you can afford to lose your entire investment (see “Risk Factors” beginning on page 6 of this Offering Circular).
Sale of the Units will commence within two calendar days after the date as of which the Commission qualifies the Offering Statement (the “Qualification Date”). The Company will offer the Units for sale until the earliest of (i) the 240 th day after the Qualification Date (though we may, in our sole discretion, extend this Offering one or more times), (ii) the date as of which all Units offered by this Offering Circular have been sold and (iii) any such earlier time as we may determine in our sole discretion, regardless of the number of Units sold and the amount of capital raised. The period during which the Company is offering Units for sale is referred to in this Offering Circular as the “Offering Period.” The Company is offering, for sale, Units with an aggregate Offering Price of $75,000,000 (see “Plan of Distribution”). During the Offering Period, unless the terms of this Offering are revised, Units will be offered at $500 per Share (the “Offering Price”). During the Offering Period (as it may be extended), investor funds, excluding any interest, will be promptly returned if subscriptions are rejected.
The minimum purchase per investor is $500 (1 Unit). Additional purchases may be made in multiples of $500 (1 Unit). No investor will be entitled to a fractional Unit. If the purchase price paid, divided by the Offering Price, results in a number of Units that is not a whole number, the number of Units to which the investor is entitled will be rounded down to the nearest whole number. No member of the Company is selling Units in this Offering.
Tier 2 Reporting Requirements
As the Company is conducting the Offering pursuant to Regulation A Tier 2, the Company will be required to file annual, semiannual, and current reports with the Commission on an ongoing basis.
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RISK FACTORS
Investing in the Units involves a high degree of risk and many uncertainties. You should carefully consider the risks described below along with all of the other information contained in this Offering Circular, including our financial statements and the related notes, before deciding whether to purchase the Units. If any of the adverse events described in the following risk factors, as well as other factors which are beyond our control, actually occur, our business, results of operations and financial condition may suffer significantly. The following is a description of what we consider the key challenges and material risks to our business and an investment in our securities.
Risks associated with the Company and its business model.
The Company depends on key personnel to maintain its competitive position.
The ability of the Company to maintain its competitive position depends, to a large degree, on the services of the Company’s management team and managers. The loss or diminution in the services of members of the management team or an inability to attract, retain and maintain additional management personnel could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial performance. Competition for personnel with relevant expertise is intense because of the small number of qualified individuals, and that competition may seriously affect the Company’s ability to retain its existing management and attract additional qualified management personnel, which could have a significant adverse impact on the Company’s financial performance.
The Company operates within a highly competitive industry.
Our competition with competing mid-size, multi-platform businesses within the art and entertainment industry such as Skydance Media, Annapurna, Legendary and even large multi-platform entertainment companies such as the Walt Disney Corporation, Netflix, Amazon and Electronic Arts could lead to the Company’s being unable to become profitable. This competitive environment may impede the Company’s ability to market efficiently and continue building brand awareness.
This competitive industry also witnesses consistent development of new business models, which the Company may struggle to maintain a robust financial position against. Such competition could lead to the Company’s inability to continue being profitable or maintain or grow its customer base.
The Company may be unable to maintain brand awareness to the extent necessary to continue being profitable.
We believe developing and maintaining awareness of and consumer engagement with our brand in a cost-effective manner is critical to achieving widespread acceptance of our existing and future services and is an important element in attracting new customers and maintaining old customers. Successful promotion of our brand will depend largely on the effectiveness of our marketing efforts and on our ability to provide attractive products at competitive prices. Our efforts to build our brand will involve significant expense. Brand promotion activities may not yield increased revenue, and even if they do, any increased revenue may not offset the expenses incurred in building our brand. If our efforts to promote and maintain our brand are not successful, we may fail to attract enough new customers and maintain old customers to the extent necessary to realize a sufficient return on our brand-building efforts, and our business could suffer.
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The Company operates within a speculative industry.
Certain segments of the entertainment, media and communications industry are highly speculative and have historically involved a substantial degree of risk. For example, if a property is optioned by a studio, the option may not become exercised, or if exercised, a film may still not be made, or even if a film is made, the success of a particular film, video game, program or recreational attraction depends upon unpredictable and changing factors. Such factors include, among other things, the success of promotional efforts, the availability of alternative forms of entertainment and leisure time activities, general economic conditions, public acceptance and other tangible and intangible factors, many of which are beyond our control. Investors should consider the speculative nature of the industry in which we operate in prior to making an investment.
The Company’s products may fail to achieve economic success.
We cannot guarantee the economic success of any of our products because such success depends on a variety of factors, none of which are not entirely within our control. Such factors include, among other things, the public’s acceptance of the product, critical reviews, competing products on the market, the availability of distribution channels for our products, general economic conditions, and other tangible and intangible factors. If the Company’s products fail to achieve economic success, the Company’s financial performance will be negatively impacted, and so would the potential value of the Units.
The Company’s financial success depends upon consumer reception of its products, which is difficult to predict.
The production and distribution of comic books, online publishing, television programs, motion pictures and other entertainment content are inherently risky businesses because the revenues we derive and our ability to distribute and license rights to our content depend primarily upon its acceptance by the public. Consumer reception of our products is difficult to predict. Audience tastes change frequently and it is a challenge to anticipate what content will be successful at a certain point in time. In addition, the commercial success of our content also depends upon the quality and acceptance of competing programs, motion pictures and other content available or released into the marketplace at or near the same time. Other factors, including the availability of alternative forms of entertainment and leisure time activities, general economic conditions, piracy, digital and on-demand distribution and growing competition for consumer discretionary spending may also affect the audience for our content. Furthermore, the theatrical success of a film may impact not only the theatrical revenues we receive but also those from other distribution channels, such as from online streaming and video-on-demand and DVD sales. A poor theatrical performance may also impact our negotiating strength with distributors and retailers, resulting in less desirable product promotion. Ultimately, reduced public acceptance of our entertainment content can affect all of our revenue streams and may adversely impact our results of operations.
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The Company’s financial performance may be limited by changes or disruptions in the manner in which its digital content is distributed.
The manner in which consumers access film content has undergone rapid and dramatic changes over the years. For example, some ancillary means of distribution, such as DVDs, have gained importance and then faded. We cannot provide any assurance that new distribution channels will be as profitable for the film industry as today’s channels or that we will successfully exploit any new channels. We can also not provide any assurance that current distribution channels will maintain their profitability. In addition, films and related products are distributed internationally and are subject to risks inherent in international trade, including war and acts of terrorism, instability of foreign governments or economies, fluctuating foreign exchange rates and changes in laws and policies affecting the trade of movies and related products.
The Company’s financial performance depends, in part, on its ability to respond to and capitalize on rapid changes in consumer behavior resulting from new technologies and distribution platforms.
Technology in the online and mobile arenas changes rapidly. We must adapt to advances in technologies, distribution outlets and content transfer and storage to ensure that our content remains desirable and widely available to our audiences while protecting our intellectual property interests. The ability to anticipate and take advantage of new and future sources of revenue from such technological developments will affect our ability to continue to increase our revenue and expand our business. Similarly, we also must adapt to changing consumer behavior driven by technological advances such as video-on-demand and a desire for more short form and user-generated and interactive content. These technological advances may impact traditional distribution methods, such as reducing the demand for DVD or Blu-Ray products and the desire to see motion pictures in theaters. If we cannot ensure that our content is responsive to the lifestyles of our target audiences and capitalize on technological advances, our revenues will decline and our financial performance may be adversely affected.
Strikes and other union activity may negatively impact the Company’s financial performance.
We and our suppliers engage the services of writers, directors, actors and other talent, trade employees and others who are subject to collective bargaining agreements. If we or our suppliers are unable to renew expiring collective bargaining agreements, it is possible that the affected unions could retaliate in the form of strikes or work stoppages. Such actions, higher costs in connection with the collective bargaining agreements, or a significant labor dispute could adversely affect our business by causing delays in the production, the release date or by reducing the profit margins of our media content.
The Company’s intellectual property rights could be unenforceable or ineffective, and the Company could be subject to claims for intellectual property infringement.
One of the Company’s most valuable assets is its intellectual property. Companies, organizations, or individuals, including competitors, may hold or obtain copyright, trademarks, or other proprietary rights that would prevent, limit, or interfere with the Company’s ability to make, use, develop, sell, or market all or portions of its products, which would make it more difficult for the Company to operate its business. These third parties may have applied for, been granted, or obtained copyrights or trademarks that relate to intellectual property that competes with the Company’s intellectual property, thereby requiring the Company to develop or obtain alternative products, or obtain appropriate licenses for such products, which may not be available on acceptable terms or at all. Such a circumstance may result in the Company’s having to significantly increase development efforts and resources to redesign some of its products in order to safeguard the Company’s competitive edge against competitors in the same industry. There is a risk that the Company’s means of protecting its intellectual property rights may not be adequate, and weaknesses or failures in this area could adversely affect the Company’s business or reputation, financial condition, and/or operating results.
From time to time, the Company may receive communications from holders of copyrights or trademarks regarding their proprietary rights. Companies holding copyrights or other intellectual property rights may bring suits alleging infringement of such rights or otherwise assert their rights and urge the Company to enter into licensing arrangements. In addition, if the Company is determined to have infringed upon a third party’s intellectual property rights, the Company may be required to cease offering its products, pay substantial damages, seek a license from the holder of the infringed intellectual property right, which license may not be available on reasonable terms or at all, and/or establish and maintain alternative branding for the Company’s products. The Company may also need to file lawsuits to protect its intellectual property rights from infringement from third parties, which could be expensive, and time-consuming; and could distract management’s attention from its core operations.
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There is a risk that the Company’s compliance with personal information and data privacy laws in the United States and internationally may be inadequate or non-compliant.
The Company maintains personal information and data regarding its employees and parties it engages in the course of its business operations. The Company employs measures to ensure that it complies with the personal and data privacy laws in the U.S. regarding the collection, storage, transfer, and use of personal information and data. For instance, the Company engages outside counsel to ensure such compliance. However, there is no guarantee that the Company’s measures will be adequate or fully compliant. Investors should be aware of the risk of the Company’s non-compliance, which may lead to financial losses for the Company.
The Company’s success is dependent on the performance of our directors, executive officers, and key employees, and the Company does not have key person life insurance policies on any such personnel.
Our success is dependent on the performance of our directors, executive officers and key employees, and our ability to retain and motivate such personnel. The Company’s inability to retain such highly qualified personnel could materially adversely affect the Company’s business, financial condition, cash flow, and results of operations. Further, although the Company relies on such highly qualified personnel for its financial success, it does not have any key person life insurance policies for such personnel. In the event of such personnel’s death or disability, the Company will not receive compensation to ameliorate the financial impact of such personnel’s loss. Investors should consider the risk that the Company may fail to retain directors, executive officers, and key employees and the potentially negative impact of such loss on the Company’s financial performance.
The distribution of our film and video games could be affected by rating restrictions that may limit their marketability and accessibility to wider audiences, thus potentially reducing our revenue.
Some of our films and video games contain mature content and themes and may be subject to ratings restrictions and censorship. Such restrictions and censorship could limit our ability to commercialize our films and video games. We cannot predict how the Motion Picture Association of America (“MPAA”) or the Entertainment Software Rating Board (“ESRB”) will rate our films and video games, respectively. Certain agreements we plan to obtain, including agreements with distribution companies, may be contingent upon our products ultimately receiving a rating classification from MPAA or ESRB no more restrictive than PG or E/E10+/T. Certain distributors may only offer marketing and advertising support for films and video games with certain classifications. If, for any reason, our films and video games do not receive ratings acceptable to such distributors, we may have fewer distribution venues available to us, and thus a smaller audience for our film and video games. Such an occurrence will reduce our revenues and overall profitability.
Additionally, censors in certain foreign jurisdictions might find elements of our films or video games to be objectionable. We may have to make revisions before exhibiting our films or offering our video games in such jurisdictions before their launch, which may further add to our expenses. Further, our films or video games may still be denied regardless of any revisions we make. Such occurrences will reduce our international revenues and overall profitability.
The Company faces risks of malicious cyberattacks, which may damage the Company’s reputation, intellectual property, and products.
Like other companies in the entertainment industry, the Company faces risk of malicious cyberattacks. Some of the Company’s products are delivered to customers through streaming services and over the internet. A cyberattack may render such streaming or other internet services inaccessible and frustrate customer demands, leading to reputational damage and interrupted revenue for the Company if viewers do not obtain the products they paid for. Additionally, cyberattacks may result in intellectual property theft and leaks, which can also interrupt the Company’s revenue stream and lead to reputational damage. Such potential losses may cause the Company to lose its market share and harm the Company’s financial performance.
The Company relies on key talent in the entertainment industry, such as writers, actors and performers, for the success of its products.
The Company’s film and television products feature creative input from writers and performances from entertainers. If such talent fails to fulfill their duties, the Company may bear additional costs to remedy such failures. Our loss of or inability to retain talent presents the risk of monetary loss for the Company. Additionally, there is no guarantee that performers will not engage in risky or uncomplimentary behaviors that damage the reputation of the Company. Such reputational harm may negatively affect the Company’s financial performance.
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The Company faces third party liability exposure.
In order to distribute its products to a broad consumer base, the Company often contracts with third parties. Despite the precautions the Company takes and third-party liability insurance, many unforeseen events may occur that result in the Company’s third-party liability. The Company may incur losses as a result of such third-party liability exposure.
The recent turmoil in the financial markets may continue and materially adversely affect the Company’s economic performance.
Recent turmoil in the financial markets has adversely affected economic activity in the United States and other regions of the world in which the Company’s products are offered. It is uncertain whether and for how long this economic turmoil and instability in the economic markets will continue. A continued decline in economic activity could adversely affect our revenue and business. Further, such sustained decline could impact the performance on the royalties we receive on sales of licensed consumer products and our trade paperbacks, comic books, and advertising. Such economic conditions may also impair the ability of those with whom we do business to satisfy their obligations to us, which may also adversely impact our financial performance.
We may continue to be significantly affected by the worldwide effects of the COVID-19 pandemic.
In December 2019, a novel strain of coronavirus that was reported to have surfaced in Wuhan, China, emerged as the cause of the disease now commonly referred to as COVID-19. It has spread to many countries, including the United States, and was declared to be a pandemic by the World Health Organization. Efforts to contain the spread of COVID-19 intensified and the U.S., Europe and Asia implemented certain shifting travel restrictions and social distancing. The impacts of the outbreak and its waves of variants continue to be felt. The widespread health crisis has adversely affected and could continue to affect the global economy in the near- and long-term, that could negatively impact the value of the Units and investor demand for the Units generally.
The continued spread of COVID-19 and its variants has continued to disrupt the global capital markets, which could increase our cost of capital and/or adversely affect our ability to access the capital markets in the future and could cause a further economic slowdown or recession or other unpredictable events, any of which could adversely affect our business, results of operations or financial condition.
The extent to which COVID-19 continues to affect our financial results will depend on future developments, which are highly uncertain and cannot be predicted at this time. Moreover, the COVID-19 outbreak has had and may continue to have indeterminable adverse effects on general commercial activity and the world economy, and our business and results of operations could be adversely affected to the extent that COVID-19 continues to harm the global economy generally.
The occurrence of natural disasters may adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.
The occurrence of natural disasters, including hurricanes, floods, earthquakes, tornadoes, fires and pandemic disease may adversely affect our business, financial condition or results of operations. The potential impact of a natural disaster on our results of operations and financial position is speculative and would depend on numerous factors. The extent and severity of these natural disasters determines their effect on a given economy. Although the long-term effect of diseases such as the COVID-19 “coronavirus,” H5N1 “avian flu,” or H1N1, the swine flu, cannot currently be predicted, previous occurrences of avian flu and swine flu had an adverse effect on the economies of those countries in which they were most prevalent. We also do not have business interruption or property damage insurance to offset the losses that may stem from events causing disruptions to our business. We cannot assure investors that natural disasters will not occur in the future or that our business, financial condition and results of operations will not be adversely affected.
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Our business and operations may experience rapid growth. If we fail to manage our growth, our business and operating results could be adversely affected and we may have to incur significant expenditures to address the additional operational and control requirements of such growth.
We may experience rapid growth in our sales and operations, which may place significant demands on our management, operational, and financial infrastructure. If we fail to manage this growth, the quality of our products could suffer, which could negatively affect our brand and operating results. Improvements to the Company’s operational, financial, and management, as well as its reporting systems and procedures, will have to be implemented to manage such growth. Such improvements may require significant capital expenditures and require valuable management resources. Furthermore, if such improvements are not implemented successfully, our ability to manage potential growth could be impaired and additional expenditures may have to be made to address such impairments. Investors should consider the possibility of the Company’s rapid growth as well as the adverse impact that may result of such growth is not managed successfully.
The Company may incur significant costs complying with regulations.
Although the First Amendment to the U.S. constitution provides strong protection to free speech, the protection is not absolute. Media content falling under unprotected categories could contribute to potential civil or criminal liability for the Company. The production and distribution of media content will also be subject to complex federal, state and local laws, rules and regulations. Compliance with these laws could impose substantial costs on the Company.
Our limited liability operating agreement includes an arbitration and forum selection clause, which could limit our members’ ability to obtain a favorable judicial forum for disputes with us.
Our limited liability operating agreement requires that JAMS arbitration is the sole and exclusive forum for any dispute, claim, or controversy arising out of or relating to the limited liability operating agreement (together with all amendments, the “Operating Agreement”) or the Company’s Certificate of Formation. Any person or entity purchasing or otherwise acquiring any Unit is deemed to have notice of and consented to the foregoing provisions. This forum selection provision in our Operating Agreement may limit our members’ ability to obtain a favorable judicial forum for disputes with us. It is also possible that, notwithstanding the forum selection clause included in our Operating Agreement, an arbitrator could rule that such a provision is inapplicable or unenforceable.
Risks associated with this Offering and the Units
There is no direct correlation between the Offering Price of the Units and the Company’s asset value, net worth, earnings, or any other established criteria of value.
The Offering Price of $500.00 per Unit has been determined by the management of the Company and bears no direct relationship to the Company’s asset value, net worth, earnings or any other established criteria of value. Investors purchasing Units under the incorrect assumption of a direct correlation between Company value and the price at which the Units are being offered for sale may be assuming more risk than intended and must clearly understand that they can lose all or any part of their investment.
The Company is unable to provide assurances that it will successfully raise the funds necessary to achieve its desired use of the proceeds.
Although the Company is attempting to raise $75,000,000 in this Offering, it is engaging in this Offering on a “best efforts” basis and, therefore, the Company is not obligated to raise the full $75,000,000. The Company has, and will have, the right to close on one or more subscriptions for the Units, and to immediately begin using the proceeds of such subscriptions, regardless of the amounts raised, notwithstanding that the Company may not have received subscriptions for all or even substantially all of the amounts that it is seeking to raise. Because the Company cannot ensure that it will be able to (or that it will decide to) sell all or substantially all of the Units offered for sale in this Offering, the Company could close on substantially less than $75,000,000. If the Company decides to terminate this Offering before it has sold all the Units initially offered for sale, it may not have sufficient capital to achieve the desired use of its proceeds.
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Even if the Company sells all the Units in this Offering, it may need substantial additional capital to fund working capital needs. There can be no assurance that additional financing will be available to the Company on commercially reasonable or acceptable terms, or at all. In addition, if the Company incurs debt, the risks associated with its business and with owning the Units could increase.
No independent valuation of the Company has been performed in determining the terms of this Offering, and the Offering Price has been arbitrarily determined by the Company and bears no relationship to the Company’s assets, earnings, book value, net tangible value, or other generally accepted criteria of value for investment.
No independent valuation of the Company has been performed in determining the terms of this Offering. The Company has determined the Offering Price arbitrarily and, therefore, the Offering Price does not necessarily bear any relationship to the Company’s assets, earnings, book value, net tangible value, or other generally accepted criteria of value for investment. The Offering Price is higher than the net tangible book value per Unit immediately before the commencement of this Offering; and even with the inflow of $75,000,000 in capital if this Offering is fully subscribed, the net tangible book value per Unit immediately after the conclusion of this Offering will still be less than the portion of the Offering Price of a Unit.
An investor’s ownership interest could be significantly diluted.
An investor’s ownership interest in the Company may be subject to future dilution. The Company may, and most likely will, need to raise additional capital in the future. In connection with raising such capital, the Company may issue additional membership interests or other securities, which may include membership interests with liquidation, distribution, voting or other preferential rights that are senior to the rights of the Units. The Company also may enter into strategic partnerships or acquisitions in the future in connection with which it may need to issue additional Units or other securities, and it may issue additional Units or other securities to existing or future officers, directors, employees and consultants as compensation or incentives. As a result of the foregoing, a purchaser of Units in this Offering could find its interest in the Company diluted in the future through a decrease in the purchaser’s relative percentage ownership of the Company.
Voting control is in the hands of a few large members.
Voting control of the Company is concentrated in the hands of a small number of members. You will not be able to influence our policies or any other Company matter, including the election of the board of managers, changes to the Company’s governance documents, expanding any service provider incentive interest pool, and any merger, consolidation, sale of all or substantially all of our assets, or other major action requiring member approval. See “Securities Being Offered.” These few members will make all major decisions regarding the Company. As a minority member, you will not have a say in these decisions.
Certain securities of the Company have a liquidity preference over the Units.
The Company has issued Series A and Series B Preferred Interests, both of which have a liquidity preference to the Units. Thus, in the event of a sale or other disposition of the Company’s assets, persons who hold either Series A or Series B Preferred Interests will be paid out prior to holders of the Units. It is possible that in any distribution of assets of the Company the holders of Series A or Series B Preferred Interests would receive a return but the holders of the Units would not.
The Company may sell membership interests concurrently to certain investors on more favorable terms.
Certain investors may negotiate alternative terms for the purchase of the Company’s membership interests. The Company is under no obligation to amend and restate any particular unit purchase agreement, subscription agreement, or other selling document based on subsequent agreements executed with the Company on different terms or to notify investors of any alternative terms, including any that may be more favorable for certain investors.
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If we fail to maintain an effective system of internal controls, we may not be able to accurately report our financial results or prevent fraud. As a result, current and potential investors could lose confidence in our financial reporting, which may adversely impact our business and the value of the Units.
Effective internal controls are necessary for us to provide reliable financial reports and effectively prevent fraud. If we cannot provide reliable financial reports or prevent fraud, our brand and operating results may be adversely impacted. In the future, we may discover areas of our internal controls that need improvement. We cannot be certain that any measures we implement will ensure that we achieve and maintain adequate controls over our financial processes and reporting in the future. Any failure to implement required, new, or improved controls, or difficulties encountered in their implementation, could harm our operating results or cause us to fail to meet our reporting obligations. Less than ideal internal controls could also cause investors in the Company to lose confidence in our reported financial information, which could adversely impact the value of the Units.
DILUTION
Dilution (also known as equity dilution) occurs when a company issues new shares of equity, which results in a decrease of an existing member’s ownership percentage of that company. Dilution can also occur when holders of options to purchase membership interests, such as company employees, or holders of other optionable securities, exercise their options. When the number of membership interests outstanding increases, each existing member owns a smaller, or diluted, percentage of the company. Dilution may happen anytime a company needs additional capital and issues equity securities to obtain such additional capital.
Dilution can also occur when a company issues equity as a result of an arbitrary determination of the offering price of the membership interests being offered. In the case of this Offering, because there is no established public market for the Units, the Offering Price and other terms and conditions relating to the Units have been determined by the Company arbitrarily and do not bear any necessary relationship to assets, earnings, book value or any other objective criteria of value. In addition, no investment banker, appraiser or other independent third party has been consulted concerning the Offering Price or its fairness to investors.
From time to time after the termination of this Offering, we may issue additional membership interests to raise additional capital for the Company. Any such issuances may result in dilution of then existing members, including investors in this Offering. If in the future the number of membership interests outstanding increases, each existing member will own a smaller, or diluted, percentage of the Company, which, depending on the amount of capital raised by the issuance of the additional membership interests, could render the membership interests then held by members less valuable than before the new issuance. Dilution may also reduce the value of existing membership interests by reducing such membership interests’ profits per membership interest. There is no guarantee that dilution of the Units will not occur in the future.
No Common Interests (voting equity in the Company), or any other form of equity in the Company, have been issued to any officer, director, promoter of the Company in a transaction during the 12 months preceding the date of this Offering Circular.
The Company has authorized non-voting membership interests that may be granted pursuant to the Company’s option plan for service providers (such membership interests, “Incentive Plan Interests”). The value of the Units may be diluted if such options are exercised. In addition, the Company has granted certain Common Interest Appreciation Rights (“CIARs”) for certain executives. The value of the Units may be diluted if such options and/or CIARs are exercised.
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PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION
This Offering Circular is part of an Offering Statement that we have filed with the Commission, using a continuous offering process. Periodically, if we have material developments, we will provide an Offering Circular supplement that may add, update or change information contained in this Offering Circular. Any statement that we make in this Offering Circular will be modified or superseded by any inconsistent statement made by us in a subsequent Offering Circular supplement. The Offering Statement we have filed with the Commission includes exhibits that provide more detailed descriptions of the matters discussed in this Offering Circular. You should read this Offering Circular, the related exhibits filed with the Offering Statement, and any Offering Circular supplement, together with additional information contained in the annual reports, semi-annual reports and other reports and information statements that we will file periodically with the Commission.
The Company is offering for sale up to 150,000 Units, at a fixed price of $500 per Unit (the “Offering”) through OpenDeal Broker LLC, a broker-dealer registered with the Commission and admitted to membership in the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (“FINRA”) and the Securities Investor Protection Corporation (“SIPC”). This Offering is being conducted on a “best efforts” basis and is not conditioned on the sale of any minimum number of Units. No Company officer or director who introduces friends, family members and business acquaintances to any selling agent in this Offering will receive commissions or any other remuneration from any such sales. No member of the Company is selling Units in this Offering. If investors purchase all of the Units we are offering, our gross proceeds will be $75,000,000.
Sale of the Units will commence within two calendar days after the Qualification Date. This Offering will be made in the United States in as many as all fifty (50) states. It will end on the earliest of (i) the 240 th day after the Qualification Date (though we may, in our sole discretion, extend this Offering one or more times), (ii) the date as of which all Units offered by this Offering Circular have been sold and (iii) any such earlier time as we may determine in our sole discretion, regardless of the number of Units sold and the amount of capital raised. The Company has the right to terminate this Offering at any time, regardless of the number of Units that have been sold.
No investor purchasing Units will have any assurance that other purchasers will invest in this Offering. Once Units are subscribed for, subscription funds will become available to us and may be transferred by the Company directly from our administrative account into our operating account for use as described in “Use of Proceeds” as set forth herein. Once subscriptions are accepted during the Offering Period, subscribers have no right to a return of their funds and could lose their entire investment. If the Company should file for bankruptcy protection or a petition for insolvency bankruptcy is filed by creditors against the Company, investor funds may become part of the bankruptcy estate and administered according to the bankruptcy laws.
As of the date of this Offering Circular, the Company is a party to an engagement agreement with OpenDeal Broker LLC, a Commission-registered broker-dealer, member of FINRA and SIPC. Pursuant to such engagement agreement, the Company will pay to ODB, in consideration of ODB’s engagement to host this Offering and perform related services, as follows: (a) 6% of the first $20,000,000 raised; (b) 5% of the next $30,000,000 raised; and (c) 1.5% of all dollar value over $50,000,000 raised. In addition, ODB will receive a securities commission, payable in Units, equal to 1.5% of all Units sold in this Offering, provided the aggregate Offering Price of all Units sold in this Offering is equal to or exceeds $25,000,000. In accordance with FINRA Rule 5110(e)(1), for a period of 240 days after the Qualification Date, the Units issued to ODB (the “ODB Units”) may not be exercised and the ODB Units may not be sold, transferred, assigned, or hypothecated or be the subject of any hedging, short sale, derivative, put or call transaction that would result in the effective economic disposition of the ODB Units by any person. The ODB Units to be received by ODB in connection with this Offering: (i) fully comply with lock-up restrictions pursuant to FINRA Rule 5110(e)(1); and (ii) fully comply with transfer restrictions pursuant to FINRA Rule 5110(e)(2).
Under such engagement agreement with ODB, if the Company provides written consent, ODB may also pass through certain ancillary costs. We may be required to indemnify ODB and possibly other parties with respect to disclosures made in this Offering Circular. Any other fees that we may pay to ODB or other third parties will not be commissions or considered as underwriting compensation. We reserve the right to enter into posting agreements with equity crowdfunding firms not associated with FINRA member firms in connection with this Offering, for which we may pay non-contingent fees as compensation. The Company has not engaged and does not anticipate engaging any other FINRA member firms in connection with this Offering.
In order to subscribe to purchase the Units, a prospective investor must complete, sign and deliver to the Company a subscription agreement (in the form attached as Exhibit 4.1 to the Offering Statement) and either mail or wire funds for the related subscription amount (payable to Mr. Mango LLC) in accordance with the subscription agreement’s instructions.
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The Company reserves the right to reject any investor’s subscription in whole or in part for any reason or no reason. If any prospective investor’s subscription is rejected, all funds received from that investor will be returned without interest or deduction.
In addition to this Offering Circular, subject to limitations imposed by applicable securities laws, we may use additional advertising, sales and other promotional materials in connection with this Offering. Such materials may include public advertisements and audio-visual materials, in each case only as authorized by the Company. Although any such materials will be prepared with a view to presenting a balanced discussion of risk and reward with respect to the Units, such materials may not give a complete understanding of this Offering, the Company or the Units and are not to be considered part of this Offering Circular. This Offering is made ONLY by means of this Offering Circular, and prospective investors must read and rely only on the information provided in this Offering Circular in connection with their decision to invest in the Units.
Investment Limitations
Generally, no sale may be made to a natural person in this Offering if the aggregate purchase price paid is more than 10% of the greater of that person’s annual income or net worth (or, in the case of an investor that is not a natural person, if the aggregate purchase price paid is more than 10% of the greater of that person’s revenues or net assets for its most recently completed fiscal year end). Investors must answer certain questions to determine compliance with the investment limitation set forth in Rule 251(d)(2)(i)(C) of Regulation A under the Securities Act.
Before making any representation that your investment does not exceed applicable thresholds, we encourage you to review Rule 251(d)(2)(i)(C) of Regulation A. For general information on investing, we encourage you to visit www.investor.gov.
The above noted investment limitation does not apply to “accredited investors,” as that term is defined in Rule 501 under the Securities Act.
A natural person is an accredited investor if he/she meets one of the following criteria:
● his or her individual net worth, or joint net worth with the investor’s spouse or spousal equivalent, excluding the “net value” of his or her primary residence, at the time of this purchase exceeds $1,000,000 and he or she has no reason to believe that that net worth will not remain in excess of $1,000,000 for the foreseeable future, with “net value” for such purposes being the fair value of the investor’s residence less any mortgage indebtedness or other obligation secured by the residence, but subtracting such indebtedness or obligation only if it is a liability already considered in calculating net worth;1
● he or she has individual annual income in excess of $200,000 in each of the two most recent years, or joint annual income with that person’s spouse or spousal equivalent in excess of $300,000 in each of those years, and has a reasonable expectation of reaching the same income level in the current year;
● he or she holds in good standing one or more professional certifications or designations or credentials from an accredited educational institution that the Commission has designated as qualifying an individual for accredited investor status; or
● he or she is a “knowledgeable employee,” as defined in Rule 3c-5(a)(4) under the Investment Company Act of 1940 (the “Investment Company Act”), of the issuer of the securities being offered or sold where the issuer would be an investment company, as defined in Section 3 of the Investment Company Act, but for the exclusion provided by either Section 3(c)(1) or Section 3(c)(7) of the Investment Company Act.
A business entity or other organization is an accredited investor if it is any of the following:
● a corporation, limited liability company, exempt organization described in Section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code, business trust or a partnership, which was not formed for the specific purpose of acquiring the securities offered and which has total assets in excess of $5,000,000;
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● an employee benefit plan within the meaning of Title I of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, (i) if the decision to invest is made by a plan fiduciary which is either a bank, savings and loan association, insurance company, or registered investment adviser; (ii) if such employee benefit plan has total assets in excess of $5,000,000; or (iii) if it is a self-directed plan whose investment decisions are made solely by accredited investors;
● a trust, with total assets in excess of $5,000,000, which was not formed for the specific purpose of acquiring the securities offered, and whose decision to purchase such securities is directed by a “sophisticated person” as described in Rule 506(b)(2)(ii) of Regulation D under the Securities Act;
● certain financial institutions such as banks and savings and loan associations, registered broker-dealers, insurance companies, registered investment companies, registered investment advisers; investment advisers relying on certain registration exemptions, and “rural business investment companies”;
● any private “business development company” as defined in Section 202(a)(22) of the Investment Advisers Act of 1940 (the “Advisers Act”);
● any family office as defined in Rule 202(a)(11)(G)-1 under the Advisers Act with assets under management in excess of $5,000,000, that is not formed for the specific purpose of acquiring the securities offered, and whose prospective investment is directed by a person who has such knowledge and experience in financial and business matters that such family office is capable of evaluating the merits and risks of the prospective investment (any such family office, “Family Office”);
| 1 | For the purposes of calculating “joint net worth” in the bullet-point paragraph above, joint net worth can be the aggregate net worth of the investor and spouse or spousal equivalent. Assets need not be held jointly to be included in the calculation. Reliance on the joint net worth standard above does not require that the securities be purchased jointly. |
● any family client, as defined in Rule 202(a)(11)(G)-1 under the Advisers Act, of a Family Office and whose prospective investment in the issuer is directed by such Family Office;
● any entity, of a type not listed above, which was not formed for the specific purpose of acquiring the securities offered, and which owns investments in excess of $5,000,000; or
● any entity in which all of the equity owners are accredited investors.
Under Rule 251 of Regulation A, an investor that is neither an accredited investor nor a natural person is subject to the investment limitation and may invest funds only to the extent that they do not exceed 10% of the greater of the purchaser’s revenue or net assets for the purchaser’s most recently completed fiscal year end. A natural person that is not an accredited investor may invest funds only to the extent that they do not exceed 10% of the greater of the purchaser’s annual income or net worth.
NOTE: A natural person’s net worth is defined as the difference between total assets and total liabilities. This calculation must exclude the value of the person’s primary residence and may exclude any indebtedness secured by that residence (up to an amount equal to its value). In the case of fiduciary accounts, net worth and/or income suitability requirements may be satisfied by the beneficiary of the account or by the fiduciary, if the fiduciary directly or indirectly provides funds for the purchase of the Units.
As described above, in order to purchase Units and before the Company may accept any funds from an investor, the investor will be required to represent, to the Company’s satisfaction, that he, she, or it is either an accredited investor or is in compliance with the investment limitation described in the second preceding paragraph.
The Company, subject to compliance with Rule 255 of the Securities Act and corresponding state regulations, is permitted to generally solicit investors by using advertising mediums, such as print, radio, television and the Internet. We have plans to solicit investors using the Internet through a variety of existing Internet advertising mechanisms, such as search-based advertising, search engine optimization and our website. We will offer the Units (i) as permitted by Rule 251(d)(1)(ii), whereby offers may be made after the Offering Statement is filed with the Commission but before it is qualified, provided that any written offers are made by means of a preliminary offering circular that complies with Rule 254 and (ii) as permitted by Rule 251(d)(1)(iii), whereby offers may be made after the Qualification Date, provided that any written offers are accompanied with or preceded by the most recent Offering Circular filed with the Commission.
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No sales will be made to any investor before the Offering Statement has been qualified by the Commission and a final Offering Circular has been made available to that investor.
Before we accept any investment funds or any subscription agreements, we will determine the states in which the prospective investors reside. Subject to the Company’s right to reject any investor’s subscription in whole or in part for any reason or no reason, we will process investments on a first-come, first-served basis, up to the maximum aggregate offering amount of $75,000,000.
USE OF PROCEEDS
We are offering for sale up to 150,000 Units, subject to the conditions set forth in “Securities Being Offered,” each Unit having a fixed price of $500. The Company is not conditioning this Offering on the sale of any minimum number of Units, meaning that we will retain the proceeds from the sale of any of the offered Units. This Offering is being conducted on a “best efforts” basis through a registered broker-dealer that is admitted to membership in FINRA and SIPC. (See “Plan of Distribution”).
Sale of the Units will commence within two calendar days after the Qualification Date. This Offering will end on the earliest of (i) the 240 th day after the Qualification Date (though we may, in our sole discretion, extend this Offering one or more times), (ii) the date as of which all Units offered by this Offering Circular have been sold and (iii) any such earlier time as we may determine in our sole discretion, regardless of the number of Units sold and the amount of capital raised. If all of the Units offered are purchased, our gross proceeds will be $75,000,000. The following illustrates the Company’s estimated application of proceeds. As a point of comparison, we have added a column assuming the sale of half of the offered Units (i.e., 75,000 Units) during the Offering Period.
Please see the table below for a summary of the Company’s intended use of proceeds from this Offering:
| $37,500,000 Comparative | % Allocation @ $35,000,000 | $75,000,000 Maximum | % Allocation @ $75,000,000 | |||||||||||||
| Strategic partnership for development of anime projects | $ | 9,075,000 | 24.2 | % | $ | 18,000,000 | 24 | % | ||||||||
| Video game development projects | $ | 8,700,000 | 23.2 | % | $ | 17,250,000 | 23 | % | ||||||||
| Original television production | $ | 6,750,000 | 18 | % | $ | 14,250,000 | 19 | % | ||||||||
| Executive compensation | $ | 5,250,000 | 14 | % | $ | 10,500,000 | 14 | % | ||||||||
| Investing in internal marketing capabilities | $ | 3,375,000 | 9 | % | $ | 7,875,000 | 10.5 | % | ||||||||
| Investment in internal legal, finance, and human resources capabilities | $ | 1,980,005 | 5 .3% | $ | 3,750,000 | 5 | % | |||||||||
| Subtotals | $ | 35,130,005 | 93.7 | % | $ | 71,625,000 | 95.5 | % | ||||||||
| Offering Expenses (Cash Component) | ||||||||||||||||
| Broker Commission | $ | 2,075,000 | 5.5 | % | $ | 3,075,000 | 4.1 | % | ||||||||
| Accounting and Audit Fees | $ | 200,000 | 0.5 | % | $ | 200,000 | 0.3 | % | ||||||||
| Legal Fees | $ | 70,000 | 0.2 | % | $ | 70,000 | 0.1 | % | ||||||||
| Blue Sky Compliance Fees and Expenses | $ | 20,000 | 0.0 | % | $ | 20,000 | 0.0 | % | ||||||||
| Edgarization Fees | $ | 4,995 | 0.0 | % | $ | 4,995 | 0.0 | % | ||||||||
| Totals | $ | 37,500,000 | 6.2 | % | $ | 75,000,000 | 4.5 | % | ||||||||
The above table is intended to provide an overview of the contemplated application (or use) of proceeds over time (approximately 24 months) as a function of the success of this Offering’s capital raise.
Assuming a raise of $37,500,000, representing 50% of the maximum offering amount, the net proceeds of this Offering would be approximately $35,130,005 after subtracting estimated offering costs of $2,075,000 to OpenDeal Broker LLC in cash commissions, $200,000 in accounting and audit fees, $70,000 in legal fees, $20,000 in blue sky compliance fees and expenses, and $4,995 in Edgarization fees. We believe that if investors subscribe for Units with an aggregate sale price of at least $37,500,000, the use of proceeds outlined above will be achievable.
Assuming a maximum raise of $75,000,000, the net proceeds of this Offering would be approximately $71,625,000 after subtracting estimated offering costs of $3,075,000 to OpenDeal Broker LLC in cash commissions, $200,000 in accounting and audit fees, $70,000 in legal fees, $20,000 in blue sky compliance fees and expenses, and $4,995 in Edgarization fees. We believe that if the Offering is fully subscribed and we raise $75,000,000, the use of proceeds outlined above will be achievable.
Assuming a raise of less than $37,500,000, we expect that the Company would not pursue spending on executive compensation or original television projects.
The Company reserves the right to change the above use of proceeds.
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DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS
Overview of the Company
Mr. Mango LLC is a Delaware limited liability company formed on December 14, 2016. The Company is the holding company for a multi-platform entertainment enterprise which owns and exploits intellectual property across platforms primarily including comics and other books, television, film, video games, tabletop games, digital content and audio programming.
The Company, directly or through its subsidiaries, has majority-owned subsidiaries in the art and entertainment industry.
Directly owned subsidiaries
Bumbio, LLC is a holding company organized in Delaware on January 17, 2017.
Blah Blah Boys, LLC is a production company organized in Delaware on May 4, 2017.
Dark Stories, LLC is a production company organized in California on December 19, 2013, which engages in certain activities related to projects in production for television and film, including engaging writers and is a signatory to the Writers Guild of America collective bargaining agreement.
IBO, LLC is a music publishing company organized in Delaware on December 10, 2018.
Itchy Water, LLC is a limited liability company organized in Delaware on June 30, 2016, which was formerly used for a joint venture but has no active operations.
Skybound, LLC owns certain intellectual property and was organized in California on June 2, 2010.
Tea Hot, LLC is a production company organized in California on March 3, 2016, which engages in certain activities related to projects in production for television and film, including engaging actors, and is a signatory to the SAG-AFTRA collective bargaining agreement.
This is JOJO, LLC is a production company organized in Delaware on December 22, 2016 which engages in certain activities related to projects in production for television and film, including engaging certain and is a signatory to the Directors Guild of America collective bargaining agreement.
Viltrumite Pants, LLC is a production company organized in Delaware on May 25, 2018 and is primarily responsible for the production of the animated television series Invincible.
Indirectly owned subsidiaries
Boaty Boat Boat, LLC is a holding company organized in Delaware on May 18, 2018, owned by the Company through Bumbio, LLC. Boaty Boat Boat, LLC owns a marine craft.
El El See LLC is a publishing company organized in Delaware on May 22, 2017, owned by the Company through Bumbio, LLC. El El See LLC is engaged in the publication of literary work.
Fakakta Studios, Inc. is a Delaware corporation owned by the Company through Bumbio, LLC, with no current operations.
HowYaKnow, LLC is a limited liability company organized in Delaware on October 9, 2018, owned by the Company through Boaty Boat Boat, LLC, a subsidiary of Bumbio, LLC. HowYaKnow, LLC owns the video game Telltale’s The Walking Dead.
Shoe Leather Digital, Inc. is a corporation organized in Delaware on August 30, 2017 owned by the Company through Skybound Interactive, LLC, a subsidiary of Bumbio, LLC. Shoe Leather Digital, Inc. is a production company that creates and distributes original digital content.
Skybound Game Studios, Inc. is a corporation organized in Delaware on September 7, 2017, owned by the Company through Bumbio, LLC. Skybound Game Studios, Inc. is a company which publishes and distributes video games. The entity also owns two subsidiaries in Europe, Skybound Games Europe B.V., which was organized in the Netherlands, and handles video game distribution in Europe and Skybound Games UK Limited, which was organized in England and Wales and engages certain employees in the United Kingdom. In addition, Skybound Game Studios, Inc. holds an investment in 5th Planet Games AS.
Skybound Interactive, LLC is a limited liability company organized in Delaware on March 11, 2014, owned by the Company through Bumbio, LLC. Skybound Interactive, LLC is an interactive entertainment company that licenses certain of the Company’s intellectual property rights to third parties for the development of video games.
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The Competitive Landscape
The market for entertainment products is intensely competitive and subject to rapid change. We compete against providers of different sources of entertainment, such as movies, television, video games and other interactive entertainment, comic books, online casual entertainment and music that our customers could enjoy in their free time. Important competitive factors in our industry include the ability to attract and maintain strong relationships with creators, quality and creative integrity of our products, brand recognition, reputation, price and marketing. We compete against other content creators for distribution of the Company’s content across varied media and platforms. We also against other entertainment video, streaming and interactive providers, such as multichannel video programming distributors, streaming entertainment providers (including those that provide pirated content), video gaming providers and more broadly against other sources of entertainment that our customers could choose in their moments of free time. The Company’s merchandise licensing, publishing and retail businesses compete with other licensors, publishers and retailers of character, brand and celebrity names. Operating results for the merchandise business are influenced by seasonal consumer purchasing behavior and by the timing and performance of programming broadcasts, publication and game and theatrical releases.
We also compete against streaming entertainment providers and content producers in developing new relationships with creators and acquisitions or licenses of new content for exploitation by the Company according to its model across various media.
The Company’s internet web sites and digital content products compete with other web sites and entertainment products in their respective categories.
While consumers may maintain simultaneous relationships with multiple entertainment sources, we strive for ongoing engagement with a dedicated audience of fans of the Company’s intellectual property.
Sources of Revenue
The Company’s revenue stems from the exploitation of intellectual property owned or licensed by the Company. Revenue is derived from (1) sales of entertainment products such as video games, comic books, merchandise, tabletop games and more, which includes direct-to-consumer sales and sales through third party distributors, (2) licensing and royalties from the exploitation of the Company’s intellectual property by third parties across diverse media platforms, and (3) the Company’s provision of professional services to third parties related to the exploitation of intellectual property in the entertainment industry, including marketing services, digital content production services and other producing and executive producing services.
The Company’s Team
As of the date of this Offering Circular, the Company employs 175 full-time employees and 4 part-time employees.
Legal Proceedings
From time to time, the Company may be involved in legal proceedings or may be subject to other claims against it. The results of such legal proceedings and the resolution of such claims cannot be predicted with certainty; but in either case, they could have an adverse impact on the Company’s business because of defense and settlement costs, diversion of resources and other factors. The Company is not currently subject to any material claims against it, nor is it involved in any material legal proceedings.
DESCRIPTION OF PROPERTY
The Company, through its subsidiaries, leases (1) office space located at 9750 W Pico Blvd., Los Angeles, California (the “Pico Office”) and (2) an office and studio production space located at 10911 Riverside Drive in Los Angeles, California (the “Riverside Drive Office”). The lessor of the Pico Office is Blueberry & Chicken, LLC, and entity owned and controlled by David Alpert and Robert Kirkman. The lessor of the Riverside Drive Office is Spicy Sauce, LLC, an entity owned and controlled by David Alpert, Jon Goldman and Robert Kirkman.
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MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION
AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION
AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
This section regarding “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” includes a number of forward-looking statements that reflect the Company management’s current views with respect to future events and financial performance. You can identify these statements by forward-looking words such as “may” “will,” “expect,” “anticipate,” “believe,” “estimate” and “continue,” or similar words. Those statements include statements regarding the intent, belief or current expectations of the Company and members of its management team as well as the assumptions on which such statements are based. Prospective investors are cautioned that any such forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future performance and involve risk and uncertainties, and that actual results may differ materially from those contemplated by such forward-looking statements.
Readers are urged to carefully review and consider the various disclosures made by the Company in this report and in its other reports filed with the Commission. Important factors currently known to the Company could cause actual results to differ materially from those in forward-looking statements. The Company undertakes no obligation to update or revise forward-looking statements to reflect changed assumptions, the occurrence of unanticipated events, or any changes in the future operating results over time. The Company believes that its assumptions are based upon reasonable data derived from and known about its business and operations. No assurances are made that actual results of operations or the results of the Company’s future activities will not differ materially from its assumptions. Factors that could cause differences include, but are not limited to, expected market demand for the Company’s services, fluctuations in pricing for materials, and competition.
Unless otherwise indicated or the context requires otherwise, the words “we,” “us,” “our,” the “Company” or “our Company” refer to Mr. Mango LLC, and its subsidiaries.
Business Overview
The Company, together with its subsidiaries, is a multiplatform entertainment company that engages with creators and their intellectual properties to create engaging content and deliver one-of-a-kind experiences to fans. The Company extends creator’s stories across platforms including comics, television, film, video games, tabletop, books, digital content, audio programming, music publishing and beyond. The Company is home to critically acclaimed global franchises including The Walking Dead, Invincible, Superfight, and Impact Winter. The Company maintains key partnerships across the entertainment industry including Universal Pictures and Image Comics, holds a first look development deal with Audible, and has engaged an ongoing strategic business partnership with mobile games publisher and developer 5th Planet Games (OAX: FIVEPG). The Company’s capabilities include publishing, production, and global distribution for video games across all genres, including the multi-million unit selling Telltale’s The Walking Dead video game series. The Company is also a strategic global marketing and distribution partner of Striking Distance Studios for the highly-anticipated survival-horror game, The Callisto Protocol.
Sources of Revenue
The Company’s revenue stems from the exploitation of intellectual property owned or licensed by the Company. Revenue is derived from (1) sales of entertainment products such as video games, comic books, merchandise, tabletop games and more, which includes direct-to-consumer sales and sales through third party distributors, (2) licensing and royalties from the exploitation of the Company’s intellectual property by third parties across diverse media platforms, and (3) the Company’s provision of professional services to third parties related to the exploitation of intellectual property in the entertainment industry including marketing services, digital content production services and other producing and executive producing services.
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Operating Results
| December 31, 2021 | December 31, 2020 | |||||||
| Revenue | $ | 64,386,320 | $ | 42,877,688 | ||||
| Cost of Revenue | $ | 33,863,197 | $ | 26,845,712 | ||||
| Total operating expenses | $ | 22,144,200 | $ | 17,594,375 | ||||
| Other income | $ | 2,997,101 | $ | 2,152,353 | ||||
| Interest income | $ | 11,034 | $ | 18,398 | ||||
| Interest expense | $ | (108,047 | ) | $ | (247,759 | |||
| Income tax | $ | 2,347,149 | $ | 231,395 | ||||
| Net Income | $ | 9,028,875 | $ | 358,559 | ||||
| Loss from Minority inbtereste | $ | (546,801 | ) | $ | (877,619 | ) | ||
| Net Income attributable to Mr Mango LLC and subsidiaries | $ | 9,585,676 | $ | 1,236,178 | ||||
| Foreign currency exchange | $ | 66,981 | $ | 93,198 | ||||
| Earnings per share, basic | $ | 11.25 | $ | 1.44 | ||||
| Earnings per share, diluted | $ | 9.85 | $ | 1.36 | ||||
| Six months ended | Year ended | |||||||
| June 30, 2022 | December 31, 2021 | |||||||
| Revenue | $ | 48,208,209 | $ | 64,386,320 | ||||
| Cost of Revenue | $ | 25,681,119 | $ | 33,863,197 | ||||
| Total operating expenses | $ | 16,366,085 | $ | 22,144,200 | ||||
| Other income | $ | 13,176,556 | $ | 2,997,101 | ||||
| Interest income | $ | 541 | $ | 11,034 | ||||
| Interest expense | $ | (35,336 | ) | $ | (108,047 | |||
| Income tax | $ | 7,279,147 | $ | 2,347,149 | ||||
| Net Income | $ | 12,058,414 | $ | 9,028,875 | ||||
| Loss from Minority inbtereste | $ | (240,544 | ) | $ | (546,801 | ) | ||
| Net Income attributable to Mr Mango LLC and subsidiaries | $ | 12,298,958 | $ | 9,585,676 | ||||
| Foreign currency exchange | $ | 358 | $ | 66,981 | ||||
| Earnings per share, basic | $ | 14.47 | $ | 11.25 | ||||
| Earnings per share, diluted | $ | 10.71 | $ | 9.85 | ||||
Revenue
The Company generates revenue primarily through the sale of physical and digital product, licensing & royalties, and certain services, including production and marketing services.
For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2021, the Company had revenue of $64,386,320 compared to $42,877,688 in the fiscal year ending on December 31, 2020. The increase in net sales was due to increased business and production activity and sales volume across the entertainment industry after emergence from the height of the COVID-19 pandemic lock down in 2020 as well as the Company’s increasing strategic focus on publishing and distribution of video games in light of the changing global entertainment landscape.
For the six months ending on June 30, 2022, the Company had revenue of $48,208,209, which is an average of $8,034,702 per month, compared to $64,386,320 in the fiscal year ending on December 31, 2021, which is an average of $5,365,527 per month. This monthly increase was due to better than expected performance of our licensing as well as our back catalogue in video games.
Cost of Revenue
During the year ending on December 31, 2021, cost of revenue totaled $33,863,197. During the year ending on December 31, 2020, cost of revenue totaled $26,845,712. The reason for such increase in cost of revenue in 2021 was increased sales volume across the entertainment industry after the Company’s emergence from the height of the COVID-19 pandemic lock down in 2020.
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For the six months ending on June 30, 2022, cost of revenue was $25,681,119, which is an average of $4,280,187 per month compared to $33,863,197 in the fiscal year ending on December 31, 2021, which is an average $2,821,933 per month. This increase is driven by our increase in revenues.
Operating Expenses
The Company’s operating expenses increased from $17,594,375 in the year ending on December 31, 2020 to $22,144,200 in the year ending on December 31, 2021. The primary reason for such increase in operating expenses in 2021 is the return to a more normal level of operations after the height of the COVID-19 pandemic lock down in 2020, including increased use of the Company’s facilities and business-related travel, as well as costs associated with outfitting the Company’s workforce with the necessary resources for a hybrid in-person and work-from-home work environment.
For the six months ending on June 30, 2022, operating expenses were $16,366,085, which is an average of $2,727,681 per month, compared to $22,144,200, the fiscal year ending on December 31, 2021, which is an average of $1,845,350 per month. This increase was due to an increase in our development as well as increasing our staff resources to handle the growth.
Sales and marketing expenses
During the year ending on December 31, 2021, sales expenses totaled $6,392,231. During the year ending on December 31, 2020, sales expenses totaled $4,495,531. The Company increased in marketing activities in 2021 after the Company’s emergence from the height of the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown in 2020.
For the six months ending on June 30, 2022, sales and marketing expenses were $4,254,129, compared to $6,392,231 in the fiscal year ending on December 31, 2021.
Other Income and Expenses
During the year ending on December 31, 2021, interest income was $11,034 with an interest expense of ($108,047). During the year ending on December 31, 2020, interest income was $18,398 with an interest expense of ($247,759).
For the period ending on December 31, 2021, the Company generated other income of $2,997,101. For the period ending on December 31, 2020, the Company recorded a gain on other income of $2,152,353.
For the six months ending on June 30, 2022, the Company generated other income of $13,176,556, compared to $2,997,101 in the fiscal year ending on December 31, 2021. The reason for this increase is an unrealized gain related to the acquisition of warrants.
For the year ending on December 31, 2021, the Company generated income on foreign currency exchange of $66,981. For the year ending on December 31, 2020, the Company recorded a gain on foreign currency exchange of $93,198.
Income Tax
Income taxes were $2,347,149 for the year ending on December 31, 2021. Income taxes were $231,395 for the year ending on December 31, 2020.
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Net Income
The Company’s net income for the year ending on December 31, 2021 was $9,028,875, compared to $358,559 for the year ending on December 31, 2020. Such increase in the net income in 2021 was primarily due to sales of video games published by the Company’s subsidiaries, services income from two significant new engagements (i) as the strategic global marketing and distribution partner of Striking Distance Studios for the highly-anticipated survival-horror game The Callisto Protocol and (ii) as the production partner of Genvid Entertainment and Facebook for The Walking Dead: Last MILE, a massively interactive live event (MILE) Facebook Gaming and Facebook Watch exclusive, and royalty revenue from the newly published The Walking Dead: Survivors mobile game.
For the six months ending on June 30, 2022, net income was $12,058,414, compared to $9,028,875 for the year ending on December 31, 2021.
Total Assets
For the year ending on December 31, 2021, the Company possessed assets totaling $60,011,768, primarily consisting of cash and cash equivalents, receivables, inventories, software development costs, and prepaid expenses and other current assets. For the year ending on December 31, 2020, the Company possessed assets totaling $29,460,101, primarily consisting of cash and cash equivalents, receivables, inventories, software development costs, and prepaid expenses and other current assets. This increase in assets in 2021 was primarily due to the Company’s Series B Preferred Interest financing and an increase in sales volume.
For the six months ending on June 30, 2022, the Company possessed assets totaling $86,787,079, compared to $60,011,768 for the year ending on December 31, 2021. The reason for this increase is primarily due to positive operating cash flow and the increase in investments.
Total Liabilities
For the year ending on December 31, 2021, liabilities totaled $19,604,365, primarily consisting of short-term debt. For the year ending on December 31, 2020, liabilities totaled $13,809,241, primarily consisting of short-term debt. The increase in liabilities in 2021 is primarily due to accrued royalties that are not payable until cash is received.
For the six months ending on June 30, 2022, liabilities totaled $30,571,508, compared to $19,604,365 for the year ending on December 31, 2021. The reason for this increase is primarily due to the increase in deferred contract revenue.
Cash Flows from Operating Activities
Net cash used in operating activities was ($229,930) for the period ending on December 31, 2021 and net cash used in operating activities for the period ending on December 31, 2020 was ($3,182,721).
The net cash provided by operating activities for the six months ending on June 30, 2022 was $11,782,184, compared to ($229,930) for the period ending on December 31, 2021.
Cash Flows from Investing Activities
During the period for the year ending on December 31, 2021, net cash used in investing activities was ($1,934,111), and during the period for the year ending on December 31, 2020, net cash used in investing activities was ($96,579).
The net cash used in investing activities for the six months ending on June 30, 2022 was ($4,186,272), compared to ($1,934,111) for the period ending on December 31, 2021.
Cash Flows from Financing Activities
Net cash provided by financing activities was $15,136,981 for the period ending on December 31, 2021, and during the period for the year ending on December 31, 2020, net cash provided by financing activities was $4,628,976.
The net cash provided by financing activities for the six months ending on June 30, 2022 was $2,181,094, compared to $15,136,981 for the period ending on December 31, 2021.
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Equity Financing
To date, the Company has raised a total of $40,407,403 through membership interests, including preferred membership interests, common membership interests, options, and warrants. The Company has used the capital raised from equity financing for an aggregate equity investment of $10,500,000 in the mobile games developer 5th Planet Games, which the Company is investing through a subsidiary of Bumbio, LLC, Skybound Game Studios, Inc., over an approximately 2-year period starting in September 2021 as well as other costs associated with such investment transaction, investment in video game publishing and distribution and future strategic investment opportunities.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
The proceeds of this Offering are not essential to the continuing operations of the Company; however, they are essential to the growth of the Company’s operations. As a result, the majority of the proceeds from this Offering will be used to fund the Company’s sales and marketing efforts, as well as to fund the cost of future development and expansion. The Company plans to use the proceeds of this Offering as set forth in the section titled “Use of Proceeds.” As the Company is operating in one of the fastest growing industries, the demand for content is growing and it is essential for the Company to expand its product offering to capture a market in order to establish the Company as a content leader.
As of December 31, 2021, the Company has a current ratio of 2.77 and operating expenses of $22,144,201. The Company expects to be able to meet anticipated cash operating expenses and capital expenditures for 12 months. The primary sources of the Company’s liquidity are cash from its 2021 Series B Preferred Interest financing and cash resulting from ongoing operations. The Company also has access to an $8M line of credit. The Company also has potential access to additional sources of capital through additional rounds of private capital funding.
In the past two years, the bulk of the Company’s capital expenditures have been to develop smaller original video games of about $5,000,000 a year. As of December 31, 2021, the Company had a remaining obligation of $9,000,000 related to the acquisition of 5th Planet Games. However, with two successful pieces of creative work, timing is of the essence and the Company plans on making the most of the current popularity to develop AAA games and along with growing the sales, marketing and social media teams to increase sales. Upon the closing of this Offering, the Company does intend to have material capital expenditures in the future. See “Use of Proceeds.”
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
The Company does not have any off-balance sheet arrangements.
Revenue Trends
During 2020, the Company’s television and film productions were paused and the Company used this as an opportunity to pivot resources towards video games. Video game revenue is categorized into four types: 1) physical product 2) digital product, 3) licensing/royalty, and 4) distribution/publishing. In addition, if an opportunity presents itself, the Company also provides video game marketing services. Both physical and digital product revenue are recognized upon sale. Licensing and royalty revenue are recognized in line with performance obligations along with any service revenue. Video games represented about 70% of revenue in 2020 and 80% in 2021 and we expect it to represent 80% of revenue going forward.
Costs and Expenses Trends
The Company expects operating expenses to increase for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2022, primarily due to an increase in general and administrative costs associated with the addition of personnel to support the Company’s growth and legal, accounting and audit expenses due to costs associated with this Offering, an increase in sales and marketing costs, primarily due to increased marketing event costs and increased marketing and social media campaigns to support the targeted revenue growth.
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Trend Information
Over the next 12 months, the Company anticipates that it will continue its current strategy of bringing creator’s visions for their intellectual property to life across media platforms including comics, television, film, video games, tabletop, books, digital content, audio programming and music publishing, including:
| ● | continuing to expand Company’s publishing and distribution of both independent video game titles and video games based on Company-owned IP such as Invincible and Impact Winter; |
| ● | strengthening the strategic relationship with 5th Planet Games through co-financing video games and increasing the Company’s engagement with audiences in Europe; |
| ● | pursuing new strategic partnership opportunities including for development of anime projects; |
| ● | expanding productions of original television; |
| ● | building robust capabilities internally to address the growing needs of the business in the area of marketing and community management; and |
| ● | strengthening internal legal, finance and HR resources. |
DIRECTORS AND MANAGEMENT
The Company’s managers, executive officers and other significant individuals, their positions and ages as of October 31, 2022 , their terms of office, and their approximate hours of work per week are as follows:
| Name | Position | Age | Term of Office | |||
| David Alpert | Chief Executive Officer, Secretary, and Manager | 47 | Began July 2018* | |||
| Jon Goldman | Co-Chairman and Manager | 56 | Began July 2018** | |||
| Robert Kirkman | Co-Chairman, Chief Creative Officer, and Manager | 43 | Began July 2018*** | |||
| Byung Joon Song | Manager | 41 | Began November 2016 | |||
| Kevin D. Irwin, Jr. | Manager | 46 | Began June 2021 | |||
Ian Livingstone Carmen Carpenter |
Manager Manager |
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Began February 2022 Began July 2022 |
| * | Mr. Alpert has been the CEO of Skybound, LLC and certain other subsidiaries of the Company since 2010; Mr. Alpert served as the sole Manager of the Company from May 2017 to July 2018. |
| ** | Mr. Goldman has been an executive officer of Skybound, LLC and certain other subsidiaries of the Company since 2013. |
| *** | Mr. Kirkman has been an executive officer of Skybound, LLC and certain other subsidiaries of the Company since 2010. |
Executive Officers
David Alpert: As CEO, Mr. Alpert oversees operations, creative development and production, and strategic business initiatives for the company and its ventures. Mr. Alpert is also a prolific producer across television, film, and digital series. His television credits include The Walking Dead, (and its spinoffs), Outcast, Dirk Gently, Locke & Key, Dead by Dawn (the first-ever nature horror docu-series), and Super Dinosaur (an animated children’s series based on Robert Kirkman’s comic book of the same name). Alpert will also be serving as an executive producer on the upcoming series Psi Cops with Adult Swim Canada, Demon In The White House for Discovery, and the feature film Renfield directed by Chris McKay with Universal. His other film credits include American Ultra, AIR, and Spare Parts. He also serves as executive producer on the animated hit series, Invincible, which has been renewed for a 2nd and 3rd season at Amazon and is in development for a live-action film adaptation at Universal. Alpert was a winner of the 2021 EY Entrepreneur Of The Year award. He is a member of the Young Presidents’ Organization (YPO) and is an honors graduate of Harvard University and New York University School of Law.
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Jon Goldman: As Co-Chairman, Mr. Goldman is focused on new businesses initiatives for the company. He has an extensive knowledge of emerging technologies and the confluence of content. He has been instrumental in developing the interactive game business of the Company, including the development and production of highly successful games including: Scopely’s The Walking Dead: Road to Survival and Overkill’s The Walking Dead. In addition to his guiding role at Skybound, Jon is a Board Partner at Greycroft Partners. Greycroft is a venture capital investment company focused on high tech and innovative business startups. In this capacity he is an advisor to several startups and a board member of the largest children’s participatory philanthropy program in the US. Previously, Jon served as board member and CEO for two portfolio companies of Jerusalem Venture Partners in videogames and online video. He was a Founder, Chairman and CEO of Foundation 9 Entertainment, the largest independent videogame developer in the world with 11 studios and 1000 employees, ultimately selling the company in 2006. Mr. Goldman started his career at a boutique investment bank focused on US-Asia strategic deals. Mr. Goldman attended Harvard University and graduated magna cum laude in Asian Studies, Phi Beta Kappa, as well as the University of Kyoto and an entrepreneurial management program at UCLA Anderson School.
Robert Kirkman: Mr. Kirkman, an advocate for creator rights, co-founded the Company alongside his long-time business and producing partner David Alpert in an effort to ensure creators are able to maintain their intellectual property rights and creative control. Mr. Kirkman continues to develop and produce multiple personal projects and has collaborations with an extensive list of creators across the Company including comics, video games, film and television (traditional and digital platforms), licensing, and merchandising. First and foremost a comic creator himself, Mr. Kirkman has seen ground-breaking success in the adaptation of his comic book titles into major franchises in all forms of content. In 2010, his Eisner award winning series, The Walking Dead, was developed into an AMC television series. It has become a worldwide phenomenon as the highest-rated basic cable drama of all time. The property has also been extended into a successful game franchise, licensing business and ongoing publishing success. Kirkman’s popular demonic-exorcism comic, Outcast, was adapted, produced and airs on Cinemax. Mr. Kirkman has also served as writer and producer on various other television a film projects, including the upcoming film Renfield. Additional Kirkman comics include Oblivion Song, Die!Die!Die!, Super Dinosaur, Battle Pope, Astounding Wolf-Man, and Thief of Thieves.
Board of Managers
The board of managers of the Company (the “Board of Managers” or the “Board”) consists of the following members: David Alpert, Jon Goldman, Kevin D. Irwin, Jr., Robert Kirkman, Ian Livingstone, Byung Joon Song, and Carmen Carpenter.
Please see above for biographies of David Alpert, Jon Goldman, and Robert Kirkman.
Kevin D. Irwin, Jr.: Mr. Irwin serves as Chief Investment Officer at Knollwood Investment Advisory. Mr. Irwin served as Treasurer at Bunting Family Foundation. He is also the Founder of Irwin Tax & Financial Services. He served as Advisor to Spring Capital Partners. He also served as Board Member at Highfive Technologies. Mr. Irwin has a Masters of Science and Finance from Loyola University Maryland and a Bachelor of Science in Accounting & Economics from University of Delaware.
Ian Livingstone: Mr. Livingstone is a pioneer and legend of the global video game industry and was made a Commander of the British Empire (CBE) for his services to the UK video games industry. He co-founded two billion-dollar games companies, Games Workshop (Warhammer) and Eidos (Lara Croft: Tomb Raider) for whom, as Executive Chairman, he led the successful London IPO. He was angel investor and chairman of Playdemic, creator of the global top 10 mobile game Golf Clash. Mr. Livingstone co-founded Hiro Capital, a venture capital fund. As well as his role in Hiro, Mr. Livingstone is Non-Executive Chairman of Sumo Group PLC, a leading London-listed cross-platform games developer. He co-created the multi-million-selling Fighting Fantasy series of role-playing game books. He has been an angel Investor and advisor to multiple leading games studios, including Mediatonic, Bossa Studios, Fusebox and many more. Mr. Livingstone is also co-founder of the Livingstone Academy, a next generation UK Academy School focused on a 21st century digital creative curriculum.
Byung Joon Song: Byung-Joon Song holds the position of Chief Executive Officer & Director at Com2uS Corp., Chief Executive Officer & Director at GAMEVIL Inc., Chief Executive Officer for Gamevil China, Inc. (a subsidiary of GAMEVIL Inc.) and Chief Executive Officer at Com2uS Usa, Inc. Mr. Song is also on the board of Korea Internet & Digital Entertainment Association and Gamevil USA, Inc. He received an undergraduate degree from Seoul National University.
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Carmen Carpenter: Carmen Carpenter is a Partner at Investment Bank Evolution Media Capital (“EMC”), an affiliate of Creative Artists Agency, focusing on the media, entertainment, and sports industries. EMC has advised on transactions with value in excess of $80 billion for its clients. Prior to joining EMC, Carmen served as Senior Vice President at Bank of America Merrill Lynch in the Entertainment Industries Group, where she oversaw the bank’s portfolio of more than $1 billion in direct commitments to companies in the content production and distribution sector. Carmen held similar positions at Royal Bank of Scotland and GE Capital. Ms. Carpenter received a Bachelor of Science degree from the University of Southern California.
COMPENSATION OF DIRECTORS AND EXECUTIVE OFFICERS
The following table indicates the annual compensation of each of the two highest-paid persons who were executive officers or members of the Board during the issuer’s last completed fiscal year:
| Name | Capacities in which compensation was received | Cash compensation (2021) | Other compensation (2021) | Total compensation (2021) | ||||||||||
| David Alpert* | Chief Executive Officer | $ | 450,000 | $ | 0 | $ | 450,000 | |||||||
| Jon Goldman | Co-Chairman | $ | 450,000 | $ | 0 | $ | 450,000 | |||||||
| * | David Alpert is compensated via D. D. Tuercas Entertainment Inc, a corporation solely owned by David Alpert and his wife. |
The Managers did not receive any compensation in the fiscal year ending on December 31, 2021, in their capacity as Managers of the Company.
SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF MANAGEMENT AND CERTAIN SECURITYHOLDERS
The following table sets forth the information concerning the number of outstanding shares of our Common Interests owned beneficially as of the date of this Offering Circular by (i) all Company executive officers and members of the Board as a group and (ii) each person who beneficially owns more than 10% of our Common Interests. All shares shown in the table as beneficially owned are owned directly by the named beneficial owner(s). The Company has no other class of voting securities.
Unless otherwise indicated, the stockholders listed below possess sole voting and investment power with respect to the shares of Common Interests they own.
| Name and address of beneficial owner | Amount of beneficial ownership | Amount of beneficial ownership acquirable | Percent of class | |||||||||
| Directors and executive officers as a group | 845,013 | 0 | 72.60 | % | ||||||||
| David Alpert (through the Peanut & Pookie Family Trust) (1) | 281,671 | 0 | 28.20 | % | ||||||||
| Robert Kirkman (through the Kirman Family 2014 Trust)(2) | 281,671 | 0 | 28.20 | % | ||||||||
| Jon Goldman(3) | 281,671 | 0 | 28.20 | % | ||||||||
| (1) 9570 West Pico Boulevard, Los Angeles, CA 90035 |
| (2) 9570 West Pico Boulevard, Los Angeles, CA 90035 |
| (3) 9570 West Pico Boulevard, Los Angeles, CA 90035 |
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Changes in Control
There are no present arrangements or pledges of any of our securities, equity or debt, that may result in a change in our control.
Legal and Disciplinary History of Our Executive Officers and Directors
None of our executive officers or directors have any legal or disciplinary history.
INTEREST OF MANAGEMENT IN CERTAIN TRANSACTIONS.
Robert Kirkman, via his entity Robert Kirkman, LLC, is party to a Master License Agreement with the Company pursuant to which he grants an exclusive license to the Company to commercialize all comic books created by Robert Kirkman as merchandise, comic books and video games, and as the exclusive administrator in connection with any motion picture or television projects based on any of those titles. Robert Kirkman, LLC has also entered into several material agreements with the Company regarding the exploitations of certain intellectual property rights. Robert Kirkman is a partner at Image Comics, which publishes the Company’s comic books.
The Company has leased (1) office space located at 9750 West Pico Boulevard, Los Angeles, California (the “Pico Office”) and (2) an office and studio production space located at 10911 Riverside Drive in Los Angeles, California (the “Riverside Drive Office”). The lessor of the Pico Office is Blueberry & Chicken, LLC, an entity owned and controlled indirectly by David Alpert and Robert Kirkman. The lessor of the Riverside Drive Office is Spicy Sauce, LLC, an entity owned and controlled by David Alpert, Jon Goldman and Robert Kirkman.
The Company entered into a loan agreement with its employee, Ian Howe, in July 2021, in the principal amount of $300,000, which is payable by Mr. Howe on demand by the Company.
In connection with the issuance of the outstanding Series A Preferred Interests and Series B Preferred Interests (collectively, the “Preferred Interests”) of the Company, David Alpert (through the Peanut & Pookie Family Trust), Robert Kirkman (through the Kirman Family 2014 Trust) and Jon Goldman each entered into redemption agreements with the Company pursuant to which the Company redeemed in aggregate amount of Common Interests equal to 12.5% of the aggregate purchase price of the applicable Preferred Interests purchased.
The Company and certain of its subsidiaries have entered into standard indemnification agreements with their respective directors and officers, as applicable.
One or all of Robert Kirkman, David Alpert, Richard Jacobs (an employee of the Company), and potentially other employees of the Company serve as Executive Producers or Producers for television or film projects and, accordingly, may receive fees or other compensation for such services. The Company expects for the fees payable to such Executive Producers or Producers to, in the aggregate, not exceed 20% of the production fees received by the Company for each such project. David Alpert is a partner at Circle of Confusion, a talent management company. Talent that may partner with the Company on projects may also be represented by Circle of Confusion. Robert Kirkman is represented as an artist by Circle of Confusion.
| 28 |
SECURITIES BEING OFFERED
General
The following description summarizes important terms of the Units. This summary does not purport to be complete and is qualified in its entirety by the provisions of the Operating Agreement, which have been filed as exhibits to the Offering Statement. For more detailed information, please refer to these exhibits.
As of the date of this Offering Circular, the Company has 847,299 Common Interests issued and outstanding; 117,784 Incentive Plan Interests issued and outstanding; 80,210 Series A Preferred Interests issued and outstanding; and 71,313 Series B Preferred Interests issued and outstanding.
We have recently undergone a 1-to-7.18732 membership interest split. We have not paid distributions on the membership interests; effected a recapitalization of our securities; entered into a merger; acquired any material asset, partnership or corporation; effected a spin-off; or performed a reorganization from the date of our formation. With the exception of the contemplated acquisition of material assets, as described in this Offering Circular, no such acts or activities are being contemplated for the future.
This Offering relates to the sale of up to 150,000 Units, as described below.
Units
The number of Units subject to this Offering is 150,000, each at a fixed price of $500 per Unit. The minimum purchase per investor is $500 (1 Unit). Additional purchases may be made in multiples of $500 (1 Unit). No investor will be entitled to a fractional Unit. If the purchase price paid, divided by the Offering Price, results in a number of Units that is not a whole number, the number of Units to which the investor is entitled will be rounded down to the nearest whole number. For example, and by way of illustration only, an investor making a purchase of $83,650 will be entitled to receive 167 Units, not 167.3 Units (the number that would result from dividing $83,650 by the Offering Price of $500).
Units
Voting Rights. The holders of the Units are entitled to one vote for each Unit held of record on all matters submitted to a vote of the members. Under the Operating Agreement, any action to be taken by vote of the members other than the Board is authorized by the affirmative vote of a majority of the votes cast. Only certain members owning Common Interests, Series A Preferred Interests, Series B Preferred Interests may vote for members of the Board, subject to the terms of the Operating Agreement.
Distribution Rights. Holders of Units are entitled to receive, ratably, those dividends, if any, that may be declared from time to time by the Board out of legally available funds.
| 29 |
Liquidation Rights. In the event of our liquidation, dissolution or winding up, holders of Units will be entitled to share ratably in the net assets legally available for distribution to members after the payment of all of our debts and other liabilities.
Other Rights. Holders of Units have no conversion or subscription rights, nor do any redemption or sinking fund provisions apply to the Units. The holders of Units have preemptive rights to purchase Series B Preferred Interests or any equity securities with a liquidation preference or dividend, redemption, or voting rights senior or on parity with Series B Preferred Interests as well as rights, options or warrants to purchase such equity securities, or securities of any type whatsoever that are, or may become, convertible or exchangeable into or exercisable for such equity securities. The rights, preferences and privileges of the holders of Units are subject to, and could be adversely affected by, the rights of the holders of shares of any future class or series of the preferred membership interests.
If all Units are sold, 997,299 Common Interests will be outstanding.
Lock-up and Market Stand-Off Agreements
There are no lock-up or market stand-off agreements currently in effect with respect to the Common Interests.
Litigation Forum
Section 10.23 of the Operating Agreement provides that JAMS will be the exclusive forum for certain any disputes, claims, or controversies arising out of or relating to the Operating Agreement. This provision is limited by Section 27 of the Exchange Act, which creates exclusive federal jurisdiction over all suits brought to enforce any duty or liability created by the Exchange Act or the rules and regulations thereunder, and Section 22 of the Securities Act, which creates concurrent jurisdiction for federal and state courts over all suits brought to enforce any duty or liability created by the Securities Act or the rules and regulations thereunder.
Trading Suspensions; Administrative Actions
Neither the Company nor its officers or directors are, nor at no time have any of them been, subject to any trading suspension order or any other type of administrative action or order issued by the Commission or FINRA.
Certain legal matters with respect to the Units will be passed upon by the law firm of Ross Law Group, PLLC, New York, New York.
The Company’s financial statements for the years ended December 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, included in this Offering Circular, are audited financial statements prepared by dbbmckennon, an independent registered public accounting firm.
| 30 |
MR. MANGO, LLC AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
AND
INDEPENDENT AUDITOR’S REPORT
DECEMBER 31, 2021 AND 2020
| F-1 |
MR. MANGO, LLC AND SUBSIDIARIES
TABLE OF CONTENTS
DECEMBER 31, 2021 AND 2020
| Page No. | |
F-3 – F-4 | |
| Consolidated Financial Statements: | |
| Consolidated Balance Sheets | F-5 |
| Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income | F-6 |
| Consolidated Statements of Changes in Members’ Equity | F-7 |
| Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows | F-8 |
| Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements | F-9 – F-28 |
| F-2 |
To the Board of Directors of
Mr. Mango, LLC and subsidiaries:
Opinion
We have audited the accompanying consolidated financial statements of Mr. Mango, LLC and subsidiaries, which comprise the consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2021 and 2020, and the related consolidated statements of comprehensive income, changes in members’ equity, and cash flows for the years then ended, and the related notes to the consolidated financial statements.
In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Mr. Mango, LLC and subsidiaries, as of December 31, 2021 and 2020, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for the years then ended in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.
Basis for Opinion
We conducted our audits in accordance with auditing standards generally accepted in the United States of America. Our responsibilities under those standards are further described in the Auditor’s Responsibilities for the Audit of the Consolidated Financial Statements section of our report. We are required to be independent of Mr. Mango, LLC and subsidiaries and to meet our other ethical responsibilities in accordance with the relevant ethical requirements relating to our audits. We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our audit opinion.
Responsibilities of Management for the Consolidated Financial Statements
Management is responsible for the preparation and fair presentation of the consolidated financial statements in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America, and for the design, implementation, and maintenance of internal control relevant to the preparation and fair presentation of consolidated financial statements that are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error.
In preparing the consolidated financial statements, management is required to evaluate whether there are conditions or events, considered in the aggregate, that raise substantial doubt about Mr. Mango, LLC and subsidiaries’ ability to continue as a going concern within one year after the date that consolidated financial statements are available to be issued.
Auditor’s Responsibilities for the Audit of the Consolidated Financial Statements
Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements as a whole are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and to issue an auditor’s report that includes our opinion. Reasonable assurance is a high level of assurance but is not absolute assurance and therefore is not a guarantee that an audit conducted in accordance with generally accepted auditing standards will always detect a material misstatement when it exists. The risk of not detecting a material misstatement resulting from fraud is higher than for one resulting from error, as fraud may involve collusion, forgery, intentional omissions, misrepresentations, or the override of internal control. Misstatements are considered material if there is a substantial likelihood that, individually or in the aggregate, they would influence the judgment made by a reasonable user based on the consolidated financial statements.
| F-3 |
In performing an audit in accordance with generally accepted auditing standards, we:
| ● | Exercise professional judgment and maintain professional skepticism throughout the audit. |
| ● | Identify and assess the risks of material misstatement of the consolidated financial statements, whether due to fraud or error, and design and perform audit procedures responsive to those risks. Such procedures include examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial statements. |
| ● | Obtain an understanding of internal control relevant to the audit in order to design audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of Mr. Mango, LLC and subsidiaries’ internal control. Accordingly, no such opinion is expressed. |
| ● | Evaluate the appropriateness of accounting policies used and the reasonableness of significant accounting estimates made by management, as well as evaluate the overall presentation of the financial statements. |
| ● | Conclude whether, in our judgment, there are conditions or events, considered in the aggregate, that raise substantial doubt about Mr. Mango, LLC and subsidiaries’ ability to continue as a going concern for a reasonable period of time. |
We are required to communicate with those charged with governance regarding, among other matters, the planned scope and timing of the audit, significant audit findings, and certain internal control related matters that we identified during the audit.
/s/ dbbmckennon
Newport Beach, California
October 24, 2022
| F-4 |
MR. MANGO, LLC AND SUBSIDIARIES
UNAUDITED INTERIM CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
| AS OF DECEMBER 31, | 2021 | 2020 | ||||||
| ASSETS | ||||||||
| Current assets: | ||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 20,901,009 | $ | 8,009,677 | ||||
| Accounts receivable, net | 15,973,195 | 7,167,282 | ||||||
| Due from related parties | 1,542,499 | 1,918,570 | ||||||
| Inventories, net | 3,933,297 | 2,090,610 | ||||||
| Software development costs, net | 456,700 | 190,000 | ||||||
| Contract costs to related parties | 792,857 | 900,000 | ||||||
| Prepaid expenses and other current assets | 853,863 | 521,633 | ||||||
| Total current assets | 44,453,420 | 20,797,772 | ||||||
| Property and equipment, net | 577,683 | 548,555 | ||||||
| TV / Film development costs, net | 469,639 | - | ||||||
| Non-current software development costs, net | 1,863,730 | - | ||||||
| Deferred tax asset | 4,326,679 | 5,800,247 | ||||||
| Equity-method investment | 1,609,162 | - | ||||||
| Derivative asset | 4,129,874 | - | ||||||
| Investment other | 80,000 | 30,000 | ||||||
| Other non-current assets | 2,501,581 | 2,283,527 | ||||||
| Total assets | $ | 60,011,768 | $ | 29,460,101 | ||||
| LIABILITIES AND MEMBERS’ EQUITY | ||||||||
| Current liabilities: | ||||||||
| Accounts payable | $ | 1,820,266 | $ | 568,653 | ||||
| Accrued liabilities | 3,503,777 | 3,508,644 | ||||||
| Accrued royalties to related parties | 1,911,705 | 2,339,873 | ||||||
| Deferred revenue, short-term | 7,675,444 | 2,279,877 | ||||||
| Tax liabilities | 441,052 | 32,045 | ||||||
| Other current liabilities | 647,252 | 126,652 | ||||||
| Total current liabilities | 15,999,496 | 8,855,744 | ||||||
| Notes payable, short-term | - | 1,953,497 | ||||||
| Deferred revenue, long-term | 3,604,869 | 3,000,000 | ||||||
| Total liabilities | 19,604,365 | 13,809,241 | ||||||
| Commitments and contingencies (see Note 11) | ||||||||
| Members’ equity: | ||||||||
| Preferred units | 41,385,952 | 23,253,839 | ||||||
| Common units | 667,331 | 97,331 | ||||||
| Additional paid-in capital | 207,694 | - | ||||||
| Accumulated other comprehensive loss | (20,664 | ) | (46,302 | ) | ||||
| Accumulated deficit | (2,775,262 | ) | (7,892,847 | ) | ||||
| Members’ equity of Mr. Mango LLC and subsidiaries | 39,465,051 | 15,412,021 | ||||||
| Noncontrolling interest | 942,352 | 238,839 | ||||||
| Total members’ equity | 40,407,403 | 15,650,860 | ||||||
| Total liabilities and members’ equity | $ | 60,011,768 | $ | 29,460,101 | ||||
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
| F-5 |
MR. MANGO, LLC AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME AND COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
| FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, | 2021 | 2020 | ||||||
| Revenue | $ | 64,386,320 | $ | 42,877,688 | ||||
| Cost of revenue | 33,863,197 | 26,845,712 | ||||||
| Gross profit | 30,523,123 | 16,031,976 | ||||||
| Operating expenses: | ||||||||
| Sales and marketing | 6,392,231 | 4,495,531 | ||||||
| General and administrative | 13,020,589 | 9,969,149 | ||||||
| Research and development | 2,731,380 | 3,129,695 | ||||||
| Total operating expenses | 22,144,200 | 17,594,375 | ||||||
| Income (loss) from operations | 8,378,923 | (1,562,399 | ) | |||||
| Other income (expenses): | ||||||||
| Interest income | 11,034 | 18,398 | ||||||
| Interest expense | (108,047 | ) | (247,759 | ) | ||||
| Foreign currency exchange | 66,981 | 93,198 | ||||||
| Settlement income | - | 2,000,000 | ||||||
| Paycheck protection program loan forgiveness | 1,587,951 | 270,000 | ||||||
| Change in fair value of derivative | 1,415,471 | - | ||||||
| Other non-operating income (expense) | 23,711 | 18,516 | ||||||
| Total other income | 2,997,101 | 2,152,353 | ||||||
| Income before income taxes | 11,376,024 | 589,954 | ||||||
| Income taxes | 2,347,149 | 231,395 | ||||||
| Net Income | $ | 9,028,875 | $ | 358,559 | ||||
| Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interests | (546,801 | ) | (877,619 | ) | ||||
| Net Income Attributable to Mr. Mango, LLC and subsidiaries | $ | 9,575,676 | $ | 1,236,178 | ||||
| Other comprehensive income (loss), net of provision for income taxes: | ||||||||
| Foreign currency translation gain/(loss) | 25,638 | (46,302 | ) | |||||
| Comprehensive income | $ | 9,601,314 | $ | 1,189,876 | ||||
| Basic net income (loss) per share | $ | 11.25 | $ | 1.44 | ||||
| Diluted net income (loss) per share | $ | 9.85 | $ | 1.36 | ||||
| Weighted average shares outstanding - basic | 851,414 | 856,518 | ||||||
| Weighted average shares outstanding - diluted | 972,026 | 909,245 | ||||||
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
| F-6 |
MR. MANGO, LLC AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN MEMBERS’ EQUITY
FOR YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2020 AND 2021
| Preferred Interest | Common Interest | Additional paid-in | Accumulated | Accumulated other comprehensive | Total Mr. Mango LLC | Noncontrolling | Total Members’ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Shares | Amount | Shares | Amount | capital | deficit | Loss | Equity | Interests | Equity | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance, December 31, 2019 | 37,519 | $ | 15,500,000 | 857,519 | $ | 0 | $ | 0 | $ | (8,441,525 | ) | $ | 0 | $ | 7,058,475 | $ | 1,116,458 | $ | 8,174,933 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Proceeds from sales of preferred shares | 29,324 | 7,499,995 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 7,499,995 | 0 | 7,499,995 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Redemption of common shares | 0 | 0 | (2,372 | ) | 0 | 0 | (687,500 | ) | 0 | (687,500 | ) | 0 | (687,500 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Warrants issued for services | 1,315 | 253,844 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 253,844 | 253,844 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Warrants issued for backstop | 0 | 0 | 1,725 | 97,331 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 97,331 | 0 | 97,331 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign currency translation adjustment, net | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | (46,302 | ) | (46,302 | ) | 0 | (46,302 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1,236,178 | 0 | 1,236,178 | (877,619 | ) | 358,559 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance, December 31, 2020 | 68,158 | $ | 23,253,839 | 856,872 | $ | 97,331 | $ | 0 | $ | (7,892,847 | ) | $ | (46,302 | ) | $ | 15,412,021 | $ | 238,839 | $ | 15,650,860 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Share-based compensation (see Note 10) | 0 | 0 | 207,694 | 0 | 0 | 207,694 | 0 | 207,694 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Proceeds from sales of preferred shares | 61,982 | 18,128,208 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 18,128,208 | 0 | 18,128,208 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Redemption of common shares | 0 | (9,034 | ) | 0 | 0 | (2,625,680 | ) | 0 | (2,625,680 | ) | 0 | (2,625,680 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Acquisition of noncontrolling interest | 0 | 2,286 | 570,000 | 0 | (1,820,314 | ) | 0 | (1,250,314 | ) | 1,250,314 | 0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Vesting of warrants | 460 | 3,905 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3,905 | 0 | 3,905 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign currency translation adjustment, net | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 25,638 | 25,638 | 0 | 25,638 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other | 0 | 0 | 0 | (12,097 | ) | 0 | (12,097 | ) | 0 | (12,097 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income | 0 | 0 | 0 | 9,575,676 | 0 | 9,575,676 | (546,801 | ) | 9,028,875 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance, December 31, 2021 | 130,600 | $ | 41,385,952 | 850,124 | $ | 667,331 | $ | 207,694 | $ | (2,775,262 | ) | $ | (20,664 | ) | $ | 39,465,051 | $ | 942,352 | $ | 40,407,403 | ||||||||||||||||||||
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
| F-7 |
MR. MANGO, LLC AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
| FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, | 2021 | 2020 | ||||||
| Cash Flows from Operating Activities: | ||||||||
| Net income | $ | 9,028,875 | $ | 358,559 | ||||
| Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash used in operating activities: | - | |||||||
| Depreciation and amortization | 990,877 | 281,095 | ||||||
| Unrealized gain | (1,415,471 | ) | - | |||||
| PPP loan forgiveness | (1,587,951 | ) | (270,000 | ) | ||||
| Realized foreign currency exchange gains | (66,981 | ) | (93,198 | ) | ||||
| Share based compensation | 207,694 | - | ||||||
| Amortization of prepaid | 2,503,368 | 2,944,738 | ||||||
| Changes in operating assets and liabilities: | - | - | ||||||
| Accounts receivable, net | (8,429,841 | ) | (4,502,462 | ) | ||||
| Inventory | (1,840,527 | ) | (10,363 | ) | ||||
| Prepaid expenses and other current assets | (2,933,778 | ) | (1,170,773 | ) | ||||
| Capitalized software development costs | (2,306,934 | ) | (190,000 | ) | ||||
| Capitalized TV /film development costs | (469,639 | ) | - | |||||
| Accounts payable | (1,268,323 | ) | (5,193,491 | ) | ||||
| Accrued liabilities and other liabilities | (780,225 | ) | 3,659,756 | |||||
| Tax liabilities | 783,013 | - | ||||||
| Deferred revenue | 7,355,913 | 1,003,418 | ||||||
| Net cash used in operating activities | (229,930 | ) | (3,182,721 | ) | ||||
| Cash Flows from Investing Activities | ||||||||
| Purchase of property and equipment | (292,644 | ) | (96,579 | ) | ||||
| Purchase of equity method investments | (1,641,467 | ) | - | |||||
| Net cash used in investing activities | (1,934,111 | ) | (96,579 | ) | ||||
| Cash Flows from Financing Activities | ||||||||
| Repayment of line of credit | (595,716 | ) | (2,600,003 | ) | ||||
| Repayment of note payable | - | (1,211,300 | ) | |||||
| Proceeds from PPP loans | 230,170 | 1,627,781 | ||||||
| Proceeds from sale of preferred shares | 18,128,207 | 7,499,995 | ||||||
| Redemption of common shares | (2,625,680 | ) | (687,500 | ) | ||||
| Net cash provided by financing activities | 15,136,981 | 4,628,973 | ||||||
| Effect of exchange rate changes on cash | (81,608 | ) | 866 | |||||
| Net increase in cash | 12,891,332 | 1,350,539 | ||||||
| Cash - Beginning of Year | 8,009,677 | 6,659,138 | ||||||
| Cash - End of Year | $ | 20,901,009 | $ | 8,009,677 | ||||
See accompanying notes to combined financial statements.
| F-8 |
MR. MANGO, LLC AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO UNAUDITED INTERIM CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
DECEMBER 31, 2021 AND 2020
| 1. | ORGANIZATION AND NATURE OF BUSINESS |
Mr. Mango, LLC and subsidiaries (the “Company”), formed on June 2, 2010 as a California limited liability company (“LLC”), is a multi-platform entertainment company distributing intellectual property (IP) across comics, games, books, television shows, and movies and serves customers worldwide.
| 2. | SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES |
Principles of Consolidation The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Mr. Mango, LLC and its wholly owned subsidiaries: Bumbio LLC, Dark Stories LLC, Viltrumite Pants LLC, This is JoJo LLC, Boaty Boat Boat LLC, El El See LLC, Itchy Waters LLC, Blah Blah Boys LLC, Tea Hot LLC, HowYaKnow LLC, Fakakta Inc, Shoe Leather Digital Inc, Skybound Game Studios Inc., Skybound Exp LLC, Skybound Interactive LLC and Skybound LLC and are prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“US GAAP”).
The Company, directly or through its subsidiaries, have majority owned subsidiaries including the accounts of Skybound Galactic, LLC and Skybound Stories, Inc. The ownerships interest not held by the Company are reflected as noncontrolling interest in these consolidated financial statements.
Collectively, all the companies above are referred to as the “Company” throughout these consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.
The Company leases office space from Blueberry & Chicken, LLC (B&C), a related party owned by two members of the Company. The Company consolidates all entities which the Company holds a controlling financial interest. For voting interest entities, the Company is considered to hold a controlling financial interest when the Company is able to exercise control over investees’ operating and financial decisions. For Variable Interest Entities (VIE), the Company is considered to hold a controlling financial interest when it is determined to be the primary beneficiary. A primary beneficiary is a party that has both: (1) the power to direct the activities of a VIE that most significantly impact that entity’s economic performance, and (2) the obligation to absorb losses, or the right to receive benefits, from the VIE that could potentially be significant to the VIE. The Company does not have the power to direct activities of B&C. The Company does not have the obligation to absorb losses or rights to receive benefits. The Company has a variable interest in B&C through a loan guarantee (see Note 8).
The determination of whether an entity is a VIE is based on the amounts and characteristics of the entity’s equity discussed in New Developments Summary 2017-03, “Step-by-step approach to applying the VIE consolidation model: Updated for ASU 2015-02, Amendments to the Consolidation Analysis,” discusses a step-by-step approach to determining whether a legal entity is a VIE and, if so, whether a reporting entity is the primary beneficiary of the VIE and should, therefore, consolidate the VIE under the guidance in ASC 810. Following this guidance, B&C would not need to be reflected in the consolidated financial statements.
Noncontrolling Interests The Company accounts for the noncontrolling interests in consolidated subsidiaries under the provisions of Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 810, Consolidation, which requires that noncontrolling interests be reported as a separate component of members’ equity and that net income or loss attributable to the noncontrolling interests and net income or loss attributable to the members of the Company be presented separately on the consolidated statements of income and comprehensive income.
| F-9 |
MR. MANGO, LLC AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
DECEMBER 31, 2021 AND 2020
Use of Estimates The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with US GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of certain assets, liabilities, revenues, expenses, and disclosures as of the date of the consolidated financial statements and for the years then ended. Significant estimates affecting the consolidated financial statements, capitalization and recovery of development costs, such as the allowance for doubtful accounts, reserve for excess and obsolete inventories, certain accrued expenses, valuation of equity related grants, derivative assets, estimates related to revenue recognition when recognition is based on the inputs/time spent on the project and deferred tax assets have been prepared based on the most current and best available information. However, actual results from the resolution of such estimates and assumptions may vary from those used in the preparation of the consolidated financial statements.
Revenue Recognition Effective January 1, 2020, the Company adopted FASB ASC Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (“ASC 606”), using the modified retrospective transition method. ASC 606 outlines a comprehensive five-step principles-based framework for recognizing revenue under US GAAP. Revenue recognition is evaluated through the following five steps:
| 1. | Identify the Contract(s) with a Customer: A contract with a customer exists when (i) the Company enters into an enforceable contract with a customer that defines each party’s rights regarding the goods or services to be transferred and identifies the payment terms related to those goods or services, (ii) the contract has commercial substance and, (iii) the Company determines that collection of substantially all consideration for goods or services that are transferred is probable based on the customer’s intent and ability to pay the promised consideration. The Company applies judgment in determining the customer’s intent and ability to pay, which is based on a variety of factors including the customer’s historical payment experience and for new customers credit and financial information pertaining to the customer. |
| 2. | Identify the Performance Obligations in the Contract: Performance obligations promised in a contract are identified based on the goods or services that will be transferred to the customer that are both capable of being distinct, whereby the customer can benefit from the good or service either on its own or together with other resources that are readily available from third parties or from the Company, and are distinct in the context of the contract, whereby the transfer of the goods or services is separately identifiable from other promises in the contract. To the extent a contract includes multiple promised goods or services, the Company must apply judgment to determine whether promised goods or services are capable of being distinct and distinct in the context of the contract. If these criteria are not met the promised goods or services are accounted for as a combined performance obligation. |
| 3. | Determine the Transaction Price: The transaction price is determined based on the consideration to which the Company will be entitled in exchange for transferring goods or services to the customer. To the extent the transaction price includes variable consideration, the Company estimates the amount of variable consideration that should be included in the transaction price utilizing either the expected value method or the most likely amount method depending on the nature of the variable consideration. |
| 4. | Allocate the Transaction Price to the Performance Obligations in the Contract: If the contract contains a single performance obligation, the entire transaction price is allocated to the single performance obligation. Contracts that contain multiple performance obligations require an allocation of the transaction price to each performance obligation based on a relative standalone selling price (SSP) basis unless the transaction price is variable and meets the criteria to be allocated entirely to a performance obligation or to a distinct good or service that forms part of a single performance obligation. The consideration to be received is allocated among the separate performance obligations based on relative SSP’ s. The Company determines standalone selling price based on the price at which the performance obligation is sold separately. If the standalone selling price is not observable through past transactions, the Company estimates the standalone selling price taking into account available information such as market conditions and internally approved pricing guidelines related to the performance obligations. For subscription-based sales, if not sold stand-alone, the Company uses the residual method. Under the residual method, obligations with a SSP are first allocated their portion of consideration based on SSP and the amount remaining is applied to the remaining obligations. |
| F-10 |
MR. MANGO, LLC AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
DECEMBER 31, 2021 AND 2020
| 5. | Recognize Revenue: The Company disaggregates its revenue streams by type of service into three major categories that depict the nature, amount, timing, and uncertainty of revenues and related cash flows. The following depicts the primary revenue streams and recognition policies: |
The Company generates revenue from the following sources:
| ● | Product Sales: The sale of physical and digital products are earned by the Company based on a predetermined sales price, The product is delivered to customers in exchange for the stated rate, and as such these revenues are recognized by the Company when control of the promised goods or services are transferred to the customer, in an amount that reflects the consideration we expect to be entitled to in exchange for those goods or services, which is generally on delivery to the customer. After that point in time, the Company does not have remaining performance obligations related to the product sales. | |
| ● | Licensing and Royalties from the sales of licensed intellectual property (IP): Licensing revenues are based on the functionality of the IP. When the IP is fully functional, the Company records revenues at the time the license is granted. If the license is deemed symbolic or is not yet functional, revenues are recorded over time when the customer begins deriving the benefits of the Company’s IP over the estimated term of the contract period of benefit. The granting of a license for IP is often coupled with services co-publishing, production and marketing services (see paragraph below). The license and services fees require the Company to allocate the transaction price to the deliverables based on cost inputs and comparable fees. Royalty revenue is generally recognized at a point in time when merchandise is sold, as it is considered a sales-based royalty in accordance with ASC 606. After the term of the agreement, the Company does not have remaining performance obligations related to licensing. | |
| ● | Production and marketing services: Services revenues are fixed and determinable and is earned by the Company based on a predetermined amount. The service is delivered to the customers throughout the production schedule in exchange for stated rate, and as such this revenue is earned by the Company over time and recognized as a % of completion against actual costs. After production wraps, the Company does not have the remaining performance obligations related to producing services. |
The adoption of ASC 606 did not result in an adjustment to the opening balance of members’ equity at January 1, 2020.
Impact of Coronavirus Pandemic In December 2019, a novel strain of coronavirus disease (“COVID- 19”) was first reported in Wuhan, China. On March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization declared COVID-19 a global pandemic. The global and domestic response to the COVID-19 outbreak continues to rapidly evolve. To date, certain responses to the COVID-19 outbreak have included mandates from federal, state and/or local authorities to mitigate the spread of the virus, which have adversely impacted global commercial activity and have contributed to significant volatility in financial markets. The COVID-19 outbreak and associated responses could result in a material impact to the Company’s future results of consolidated operations, cash flows and financial condition; however, at this time the extent to which COVID-19 may impact the Company’s consolidated financial condition or results of operations is uncertain.
| F-11 |
MR. MANGO, LLC AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
DECEMBER 31, 2021 AND 2020
Cash and Cash Equivalents Cash and cash equivalents include all cash balances and highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less.
Accounts Receivable and Allowance for Doubtful Accounts Accounts receivable are stated at amounts due from customers, net of an allowance for doubtful accounts, and the Company generally does not require collateral. As a general policy, the Company determines an allowance for doubtful accounts by considering a number of factors, including the length of time trade accounts receivable are past due, the Company’s previous loss history, the customer’s current ability to pay its obligation to the Company, and the condition of the general economy and industry as a whole. Receivables are written off against the allowance for doubtful accounts in the year deemed uncollectible after all reasonable methods of collection have been exhausted. No allowance for doubtful accounts was deemed necessary as of December 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020.
Financial Instruments and Concentrations of Business and Credit Risk Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentrations of business and credit risk consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents and accounts receivable.
The Company maintains cash and cash equivalents balances that at times exceed amounts insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation. The Company has not experienced any losses in these accounts and believes it is not exposed to any significant credit risk in this area.
The Company’s accounts receivable, which are unsecured, expose the Company to credit risks such as collectability and business risks such as customer concentrations. The Company mitigates credit risks by investigating the creditworthiness of customers prior to establishing relationships with them, performing periodic reviews of the credit activities of those customers during the course of the business relationship, and recording allowances for doubtful accounts when these receivables become uncollectible.
The Company’s supplier concentrations expose the Company to business risks which the Company mitigates by attempting to diversify its supply chain. No individual supplier accounted for at least 10% of the Company’s purchases for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020.
Inventories Inventories, work-in-process and finished goods, are stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value, net of a reserve. Cost is determined using standard costs, which approximates average costing. The Company evaluates the need for reserves on inventories associated with obsolete, slow-moving, and non-sellable inventories by reviewing estimated net realizable values on a periodic basis.
Property and Equipment Property and equipment are stated at cost, net of accumulated depreciation and amortization. Depreciation and amortization are provided for using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the related assets, ranging from three to fifteen years.
| F-12 |
MR. MANGO, LLC AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
DECEMBER 31, 2021 AND 2020
| Property and equipment | Useful lives | |
| Leasehold improvements | Lesser of lease life or asset life | |
| Equipment and vehicles | Five to ten years |
Betterments, renewals, and extraordinary repairs that materially extend the useful life of the asset are capitalized; other repairs and maintenance charges are expensed as incurred.
The cost and related accumulated depreciation and amortization applicable to assets retired are removed from the accounts, and the gain or loss on disposition, if any, is recognized in the consolidated statement of income for that period.
Recoverability of Long-Lived Assets The Company accounts for the impairment and disposition of long-lived assets in accordance with FASB ASC Subtopic 360-10-35, Property, Plant, and Equipment – Overall – Subsequent Measurement (“ASC 360”). In accordance with ASC 360, the Company reviews its long-lived assets for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. The Company measures recoverability of assets to be held and used by comparing the carrying amount of an asset to future undiscounted net cash flows that it expects the asset to generate. When an asset is determined to be impaired, the Company recognizes the impairment amount, which is measured by the amount that the carrying value of the asset exceeds its fair value. No impairment losses were recognized for the years ended December 31, 2021, and 2020.
Software Development Costs Software development costs include payments made to independent software developers under development agreements for various digital games. Software development costs are capitalized once technological feasibility of a product is established and such costs are determined to be recoverable. Technological feasibility of a product requires both technical design documentation and game design documentation, or the completed and tested product design and a working model. For products where proven technology exists, this may occur early in the development cycle. Significant management judgments and estimates are applied in assessing when capitalization commences for software development costs and the evaluation is performed on a product-by-product basis. Prior to a product’s release, if and when we believe capitalized costs are not recoverable, we expense the amounts as part of research and development costs. Capitalized costs for products that are canceled or are expected to be abandoned are charged to Development Costs.
Commencing upon a product’s release, capitalized software development costs are amortized to “Cost of sales” based on the ratio of current revenues to total projected revenues.
Software development costs are stated at cost. Once a game is released, amortization of capitalized production costs is computed based on actual revenues achieved as a percentage of the expected lifetime revenue. As the lifetime revenue amount is a project that can change with updated expectations, amortization can fluctuate each month. Our software development costs are generally amortized in full within 12 months.
Film and TV Costs Film and TV costs include direct costs incurred in the production of a film, including costs related to the creation of the story. These costs are capitalized. Amortization begins once a project is completed and starts generating revenue.
Equity-Method Investments The Company has investments accounted for under equity method because management believes the Company has significant influence, but not control. During the year ended December 31, 2021, the Company recognized $62,605 in losses resulting from the portion of net losses attributable to its ownership interest.
| F-13 |
MR. MANGO, LLC AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
DECEMBER 31, 2021 AND 2020
At-Cost Investments In accordance with FASB ASC Subtopic 321-10-35-2, Investments – Others – Cost Method Investments, investments where the Company does not have a significant influence are accounted for at cost. The Company reviews all material investments on an annual basis to determine whether a significant event or change in circumstances has occurred that may have an adverse effect on the fair value of the investment. In the event the fair value of the investment declines below the cost basis, the Company will determine if the decline is other than temporary. If the decline is determined to be other than temporary, an impairment charge is recorded. There was no impairment recorded for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020. During the years presented, our investments, at cost, were not significant.
Derivative Instruments The Company accounts for free-standing derivative instruments in accordance with ASC 815, which establishes accounting and reporting standards for derivative instruments and hedging activities, including certain derivative instruments embedded in other financial instruments or contracts and requires recognition of all derivatives on the consolidated balance sheet at fair value. Changes in fair value of the derivative instruments are recorded in the consolidated statement of income and comprehensive income.
Fair-Value of Financial instruments Three different asset levels were introduced by the U.S. FASB to bring clarity to corporations’ balance sheets. Level 1 assets include listed stocks, bonds, funds, or any assets that have a regular mark-to-market mechanism for setting a fair market value. These assets are considered to have a readily observable, transparent prices, and therefore a reliable fair market value. Level 2 assets are financial assets and liabilities that do not have regular market pricing, but whose fair value can be determined based on other data values or market prices. Level 3 assets are financial assets and liabilities considered to be the most illiquid and hardest to value. They are not traded frequently, so it is difficult to give them a reliable and accurate market price.
The Company’s forward purchase contract to acquire equity shares of 5th Planet Games is considered a free-standing derivative reported at fair value. 5th Planet Games shares are traded at Euronext, thus their shares are considered to have a readily determinable fair value. We estimated the fair value based on the fixed price per share and the closing price per share. We determine this derivative is a Level 2 instrument. We initially recorded the derivative at $2,714,403 and increased it by $1,415,471 million to $4,129,874 at December 31, 2021.
Deferred Issuance Costs Deferred issuance costs paid in connection with obtaining long-term financing are capitalized and amortized using the straight-line method, which approximates the effective-interest method over the term of the related financing. The Company complies with the requirements of ASC 340, Other Assets and Deferred Costs, with regards to offering costs. Prior to the completion of an offering, offering costs are capitalized. The deferred offering costs are charged to additional paid-in capital or as a discount to debt, as applicable, upon the completion of an offering or to expense if the offering is not completed.
Leases and Deferred Rent The Company categorizes non-cancellable leases at their inception as either operating or capital leases in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 840, Leases. Costs for operating leases that include payment escalations or incentives, such as rent abatements, are recognized on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease, which results in a deferred rent liability and is recorded on the consolidated balance sheets. Additionally, inducements received from lessors are treated as a reduction of costs over the term of the agreement. The Company recorded a deferred rent liability of $109,018 and $64,983 related to future rent payment escalations and rent abatements as of December 31, 2021, and 2020, respectively. Costs for capital leases are capitalized at the present value of the future minimum lease payments, less any taxes and fees, with the corresponding obligation recorded in liabilities. The capital leases are amortized in accordance with the Company’s property and equipment policies and the corresponding obligations are reduced as lease payments are made.
| F-14 |
MR. MANGO, LLC AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
DECEMBER 31, 2021 AND 2020
Advertising Advertising costs are expensed as incurred and amounted to $2,073,428 and $1,377,210 for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively. Advertising costs are included in operating expenses on the accompanying consolidated statements of income and comprehensive income.
Equity Incentive Plan During 2018, the Company adopted an incentive interest plan, in which the Company may grant certain incentive interests to key employees and board members. The incentive interests are subject to vesting over time or based on the Company’s financial performance. FASB ASC Topic 718, Compensation – Stock Compensation (“ASC 718”), requires that all share-based payments to employees and board members be recognized in the consolidated statement of income and comprehensive income over their vesting period based on the fair value of those awards calculated using an option valuation model on the grant date. However, the Company did not issue any awards or grants for the years ended December 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020.
Foreign Currency Matters The functional currency of the Company is the United States dollar. The functional currency of the Skybound Games Europe BV is the Euro and Skybound Games UK Limited is the British Pound. The financial statements of the Company’s subsidiaries were translated to United States dollars in accordance with ASC 830, Foreign Currency Translation Matters, using period-end rates of exchange for assets and liabilities, and average rates of exchange for the year for revenues and expenses. Gains and losses arising on foreign currency denominated transactions are included in consolidated statements of income and comprehensive income.
Income Taxes The Company’s operations consist of an LLC, which is taxed as a corporation, and certain corporate subsidiaries, which are subject to taxation under the provisions of the Internal Revenue Code. Certain LLC subsidiaries have elected to be taxed as partnerships and any associated tax obligations for those entities flows to the members of those entities.
The Company uses the asset and liability method in accounting for income taxes. Under this method, deferred income tax assets and liabilities are determined based on differences between financial reporting and tax basis of assets and liabilities and are measured using the enacted tax rates that are expected to be in effect when the differences reverse.
The effect on deferred income tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date. Deferred income tax assets are recognized subject to management’s judgment that realization is more likely than not.
The Company follows the provisions of uncertain tax positions as addressed in “ASC 740”, Income Taxes which provides guidance for how uncertain income tax positions should be recognized, measured, presented, and disclosed in the consolidated financial statements. The Company is required to evaluate the income tax positions taken or expected to be taken to determine whether the positions are “more-likely-than-not” to be sustained upon examination by the applicable tax authority. Management believes the Company does not have uncertain tax positions pursuant to ASC 740 and accordingly no accruals were made for the year ended December 31, 2021.
| F-15 |
MR. MANGO, LLC AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
DECEMBER 31, 2021 AND 2020
The Company recognizes interest accrued related to unrecognized tax benefits and penalties in operating expenses. As of December 31, 2020 and December 31, 2021, the Company had no accruals for interest and penalties, and no such interest or penalties were recognized for the year then ended.
With few exceptions, the Company is subject to examination by federal tax authorities for returns filed for the prior three years and by state tax authorities for returns filed for the prior four years, and no examinations are currently pending.
Sales Taxes Sales and similar taxes collected by the Company are netted with the corresponding sale to the customer. The Company collects said sales tax from customers and remits the entire amount to the state.
VAT Taxes The Company tracks collected and paid VAT tax. The Company nets the collections with the payments and files returns quarterly.
Delivery Costs All costs of delivery are included in Cost of Sales. Delivery costs were $3,200,142 and
$2,410,588 for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively.
Basic and Diluted Income (Loss) Per Share The Company follows Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) ASC 260 Earnings per Share to account for earnings per share. Basic earnings per share (“EPS”) calculations are determined by dividing net income (loss) by the weighted average number of shares of common shares outstanding during the year. Diluted earnings per share calculations are determined by dividing net income by the weighted average number of common shares and dilutive common share equivalents outstanding. Dilutive common share equivalents include the dilutive effect of in-the-money share equivalents, which are calculated, based on the average share price for each period.
The following is a summary of outstanding securities which have been included in the calculation of diluted net income per share and reconciliation of net income to net income available to common stockholders for the years ended December 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively.
| As of December 31, | 2021 | 2020 | ||||||
| Weighted average common shares outstanding used in calculating basic earnings per share | 851,414 | 856,518 | ||||||
| Effect of Series A and B preferred interests | 101,624 | 52,727 | ||||||
| Effect of Common Interest Appreciation Rights | 18,988 | - | ||||||
| Weighted average common shares outstanding used in calculating diluted earnings per share | 972,026 | 909,245 | ||||||
| Net income as reported | $ | 9,575,676 | $ | 1,236,178 | ||||
| Diluted income per Share | $ | 9.85 | $ | 1.36 | ||||
| F-16 |
MR. MANGO, LLC AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
DECEMBER 31, 2021 AND 2020
Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements In February 2016, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842) (“ASU 2016-02”). The new standard establishes a right-of-use (“ROU”) model that requires a lessee to record a ROU asset and a lease liability, measured on a discounted basis, on the consolidated balance sheets for all leases with terms greater than 12 months. Leases will be classified as either finance or operating, with classification affecting the pattern of expense recognition in the consolidated statements of income. A modified retrospective transition approach is required for capital and operating leases existing at the date of adoption, with certain practical expedients available. The Company is currently in the process of evaluating the potential impact of this new guidance, which is effective for the Company beginning on January 1, 2022.
In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326) (“ASU 2016-13”), which in conjunction with subsequent amendments issued by FASB amends the FASB’s guidance on the impairment of financial instruments. The ASU adds to US GAAP an impairment model (known as the “current expected credit loss model”) that is based on expected losses rather than incurred losses. For private companies, ASU 2016-13 is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2022. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the timing and impact of adoption on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
| 3. | INVENTORIES |
Inventories consist of the following:
| As of December 31, | 2021 | 2020 | ||||||
| Finished goods | $ | 2,797,089 | $ | 1,788,378 | ||||
| Work-in-process | 1,136,208 | 302,232 | ||||||
| Inventories, net | $ | 3,933,297 | $ | 2,090,610 | ||||
| 4. | SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT AND CAPITALIZED PRODUCTION COSTS |
The following table summarizes the components of software development and capitalized production cost balances:
| December 31, 2021 | ||||||||||||||
Average Life (in years) | Gross Carrying Amount | Accumulated Amortization | Net Carrying Amount | |||||||||||
| Software development costs completed | less than one year | $ | 456,700 | $ | - | $ | 456,700 | |||||||
| Software development costs in process | n/a | 2,582,362 | (718,632 | ) | 1,863,730 | |||||||||
| Capitalized TV/Film production in process | 1-2 | 797,814 | (328,175 | ) | 469,639 | |||||||||
| Total capitalized development and production costs | $ | 3,836,876 | $ | (1,046,807 | ) | 2,790,069 | ||||||||
The software development costs in process pertain to video games that are expected to launch in 2023.
| F-17 |
MR. MANGO, LLC AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
DECEMBER 31, 2021 AND 2020
| December 31, 2020 | ||||||||||||||
Average Life (in years) | Gross Carrying Amount | Accumulated Amortization | Net Carrying Amount | |||||||||||
| Software development costs in process | n/a | $ | 190,000 | $ | - | $ | 190,000 | |||||||
| Capitalized TV/Film production in process | 1-2 | 328,175 | (328,175 | ) | - | |||||||||
| Total capitalized development and production costs | $ | 518,175 | $ | (328,175 | ) | $ | 190,000 | |||||||
| 5. | PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT |
Property and equipment consist of the following:
| As of December 31, | 2021 | 2020 | ||||||
| Leasehold improvements | $ | 59,028 | $ | 35,518 | ||||
| Furniture and fixtures | 291,822 | 266,822 | ||||||
| Computers | 369,164 | 185,380 | ||||||
| Machinery and equipment | 927,782 | 867,433 | ||||||
| Vehicles | 300,000 | 300,000 | ||||||
| Less: accumulated depreciation | (1,370,113 | ) | (1,106,598 | ) | ||||
| Property and equipment, net | $ | 577,683 | $ | 548,555 | ||||
Depreciation expense related to property and equipment was $263,470 and $247,776 for the years ended December 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively.
| 6. | EQUITY INVESTMENT |
In August 2021, the Company entered into a multi-tranche investment in 5th Planet Games A/S, a Danish interactive game company publicly listed on the Euronext stock exchange. The investment provides an opportunity for the Company and 5th Planet Games to bring other games to market. The Company has entered into separate commercial deals outside of the investment agreement. In August 2021, we purchased 21,677,765 shares at $0.069 per share or $1,500,000. As of December 31, 2021 the Company’s ownership in 5th Planet Games was 16.9%.
The Company has the right and obligation to purchase additional interests as follows:
| Investment | Cost/Share | Estimated investment in | $USD Exchange | Estimated investment in | ||||||||||||||||||
| Shares | in NOK | NOK | Rate | USD | Upon | |||||||||||||||||
| Tranche 2 | 36,129,608 | 0.61 | $ | 22,039,061 | 0.1118 | $ | 2,463,967 | April 2022 | ||||||||||||||
| Tranche 3 | 43,355,530 | 0.61 | 26,446,873 | 0.1118 | 2,956,760 | August 2022 | ||||||||||||||||
| Tranche 4 | 50,581,452 | 0.61 | 30,854,686 | 0.1118 | 3,449,554 | August 2023 | ||||||||||||||||
| 130,066,590 | $ | 79,340,620 | $ | 8,870,281 | ||||||||||||||||||
| F-18 |
MR. MANGO, LLC AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
DECEMBER 31, 2021 AND 2020
The Company has the opportunity to acquire additional shares at NOK 0.90, per share, in the event 5th Planet Games’ market capitalization reaches the following amounts:
| Milestone | Upon Market Value of | Upon Market Value of | ||||||||||
| Warrants | (NOK) | (USD equiv) | ||||||||||
| Tranche 1 | 4,241,438 | $ | 60,000,000 | $ | 6,708,000 | |||||||
| Tranche 2 | 4,241,438 | 75,000,000 | 8,385,000 | |||||||||
| Tranche 3 | 4,241,438 | 100,000,000 | 11,180,000 | |||||||||
| Tranche 4 | 4,241,438 | 125,000,000 | 13,975,000 | |||||||||
| Tranche 5 | 14,138,130 | |||||||||||
| 31,103,882 | ||||||||||||
In August 2022, the Company has completed it’s three tranche investment, increasing the Company’s ownership to 47.1%. The final tranche payment will be in 2023 at which point the Company will have control over 5th Planet Games. See Note 19 Subsequent Events for discussion of additional investments made in 2022.
This forward purchase agreement is accounted for as a derivative. We determined the estimated fair value in August 2021 to be approximately $2.7 million on the date of commitment. Such value was ascribed to the license of IP. We believe that the expected license term will be approximately five years. As of December 31, 2021, the estimated fair value was $4,129,874.
| 7. | ACCRUED LIABILITIES |
The Company accrues for all expenses incurred but not billed.
| As of December 31, | 2021 | 2020 | ||||||
| Accrued royalties and commissions | $ | 1,169,484 | $ | 1,846,967 | ||||
| Accrued software development | 881,892 | 573,138 | ||||||
| Accrued compensation and related benefits | 613,250 | 528,151 | ||||||
| Accrued TV/film development | 493,784 | - | ||||||
| Accrued professional fees | 201,426 | 300,000 | ||||||
| Accrued sales taxes, VAT and other | 143,941 | 260,388 | ||||||
| Accrued other liabilities | $ | 3,503,777 | $ | 3,508,644 | ||||
The Company has a royalty agreement with one of its members (see note 11).
| 8. | LINE OF CREDIT |
On September 25, 2020, the Company entered into a credit agreement with East West Bank for a revolving line of credit which permits borrowings up to $8,000,000. The rate of interest will fluctuate based on an applicable margin plus the Prime Rate or LIBOR, as applicable. The interest rate shall in no event be less than 3.75% per annuum. The current rate is 0.25% less than the Prime Rate (effective rate of 3.75% on December 31, 2021) and no interest is charged on the unused balance. The agreement is secured by substantially all the Company’s negotiable collateral and intellectual property collateral, is subject to certain financial covenants, and expires on September 25, 2023. On December 31, 2021, the outstanding balance on the line was $0. The Company believes it is in compliance with or has received waivers for all of the restrictive covenants on December 31, 2021.
| F-19 |
MR. MANGO, LLC AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
DECEMBER 31, 2021 AND 2020
Loan fees are being amortized using the straight-line method, which approximates the effective interest rate method over the term of the Loan. Amortization of loan fees is included in interest expense.
| 9. | BACKSTOP ARRANGEMENT |
On September 25, 2020, the Company entered into an unsecured agreement with one of its members to advance up to $5,000,000 to East West Bank, the lender on the Company’s revolving line of credit (“Backstop Note”). The Backstop Note accrues interest at 7% per annum and, unless converted to equity, would be due at the six-month anniversary of the line of credit or March 25, 2024. The advances would be in effect if the Company is unable to repay its line of credit with East west Bank as lender and the lender calls for borrowings under the Backstop Note. Any borrowings and any unpaid interest on the Backstop Note are able to be converted into an equivalent amount of the Company’s equity at 80% of the then-current Series A Preferred Unit price.
In addition to the convertible note and as part of the Backstop arrangement, the Company issued 1,725 warrants to purchase Common Units in the Company for an exercise price of $10.00. The Company recorded the fair value of the warrant issued to the member as a deferred issuance cost associated on the date when the warrant was granted. Fair value of the warrants was $97,331, as determined using a market approach valuation.
The deferred issuance cost will be amortized on a straight-line basis over the stated term of the line of credit, i.e., the access period.
| 10. | MEMBERS’ EQUITY |
Series A Units During the year ended December 31, 2021, the Company issued Series A Preferred Units at a value of $290 per Unit. Certain Series A Preferred Units were also issued in 2020 for the same purchased value of $290. Preferred Units will receive preference in liquidation over Common Units up to $290 per unit, and then pro-rata with all members of the company, and their total return is capped at two times the liquidation preference. Holders of Series A Preferred Units are entitled to participate in non-liquidating distributions in proportion to each member pro-rata share. Preferred units can convert into Common Units on a one-to-one basis, subject to certain anti-dilution adjustments upon the consent of the holders of at least two-thirds of the outstanding Series A Preferred Units or mandatorily upon Initial Public Offering. Series A Preferred units also have certain voting privileges such as approval of mergers, liquidation of the company, creation of new securities, incurrence or guarantee of debt, changing the primary business of the Company, dividends or distributions, among others.
Series B Units During the year ended December 31, 2021, the Company issued 55,098 Series B Preferred Units at a value of $290 per Unit. Series B units have liquidation, dividend, conversion and voting rights similar to Series A Units except for conversion of Series B in Common Units is subject to approval by the holders of a majority of the outstanding Series B Preferred Units.
Common Units Common units were granted to the founding members of the Company. Once the liquidation preference has been met, Common Units can receive distribution pro-rata with all members according to the number of Units held. The Company redeemed 9,034 and 2,372, Common units in 2021 and 2020 on a pro rata basis, respectively.
| F-20 |
MR. MANGO, LLC AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
DECEMBER 31, 2021 AND 2020
Warrants In connection with the issuance of Preferred Units with one of its members, in December 2019, the Company issued 1,826 warrants to purchase Series A Preferred Units. The warrants have an exercise price per unit of $548 and an aggregate purchase price of $1,000,000. The warrants vest over four years in the following manner: 460 units at December 13, 2020; 453 units at December 31, 2021; 460 units at December 31, 2022; and 453 units at December 13, 2023. At December 31, 2021, the company had 913 warrants outstanding and 913 that are exercisable. The fair value of the warrants was estimated at issuance date using a market approach valuation. The grant date fair value of the outstanding warrants was $7,750, recorded in members’ equity upon issuance as the warrants will be settled with Series A Preferred Units. The company recorded $7,750 and will record $3,844 and $3,905 in 2022 and 2023, respectively.
Acquisition on Noncontrolling Interests On November 24, 2021 Mr. Mango LLC increased its interest in Skybound Games Studios, Inc. from 70% to 100% by issuing “Common Interests” to the holders of the minority interests. Common interests are equivalent to common equity units in the LLC per LLC Operating Agreement. The amount of Common Interests issued by the Company to both parties amount to 2,286.
On November 24, 2021 the Company also issued the sellers stock appreciation rights referred to as Common Interest Appreciation Right Units (CIARs). Each seller received 13,031 CIAR Units. 20% of CIAR vest immediately on the grant date, at the fair market value of $290, while 80% of granted CIARs vest quarterly over the period through July 1, 2025, according to the terms of Common Interest Appreciation Rights Agreement (CIAR Agreement). As of December 31, 2021, the CIARs were 28.33% vested. The grant date fair value of $5,561,206 was based on a market approach valuation of which $3,892,844 is yet to be amortized as of December 31, 2021.
The Company recognizes the vesting of CIARs, post acquisition date on November 24, 2021 as compensation expense for post-acquisition services, measured at fair value on the grant date The Company recognized $92,687 of expense in December 2021. The Company will recognize the compensation expense ratably from the grand date of November 24, 2021 through the end of the vesting period of July 1, 2025.
Terms of CIAR agreement define certain contingent redemption by the Company including potential redemption of vested CIARs in cash.
Incentive Plan The Company has reserved 99,300 Common Units for issuance under the Mr. Mango, LLC 2019 Equity Incentive Plan. As of December 31, 2021, there were no issuances under the Plan.
| 11. | RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS |
The Company is a guarantor on a mortgage loan for B&C. The loan balance as of December 31, 2021 amounted to $19,643,240. The note is secured by a building owned by B&C and leased to the Company. The Company may be required to perform under the note should B&C default on its obligations. Management does not anticipate any requirement to pay in the near future. Management believes the Company and B&C are following any covenants and restrictions related to the loan in B&C.
The Company leases a building under an operating lease agreement from B&C. The Company currently makes monthly payments until December 31, 2026. The monthly lease payments for 2021 were $ 89,032. The agreement provides for annual increases of 2% of base rent in the immediately preceding year. Rent due to B&C totaled $0 as of December 31, 2021.
| F-21 |
MR. MANGO, LLC AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
DECEMBER 31, 2021 AND 2020
The Company incurs expenses to make building improvements which are reimbursed by B&C. As of December 31, 2021, B&C owes the Company $217,201 for building improvements recorded in Due from Related Parties on the consolidated balance sheet.
The Company has a royalty agreement with one of its members for 15% on sales of comics, and sales at conventions and merchandise sold, 30% on local licensing and 70% on international comic licensing. Total royalty expense to related parties of $4,881,000 and $3,271,132 was incurred for the years ended December 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively.
As of December 31, 2021 the Company had an outstanding, related party, loan receivable in the amount of $300,000. The Company calculates interest at 2.05% per annum. The loan can be paid off any time prior to the due date of July 23, 2026.
| 12. | COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES |
Operating Leases The Company is obligated under non-cancellable operating leases for certain facilities and equipment which expire on various dates through December 2026. Total rent expense to related parties was $1,112,419 for the year ended December 31, 2021 (see Note 11). Total rent expense including tax expense to unaffiliated parties was $1,299,016 and $893,309 for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively (see Note 10). Rent expense is included in cost of goods sold and operating expenses on the accompanying consolidated statements of income.
The following is a summary of future annual minimum lease payments on all operating leases as of December 31, 2021:
Related Party (see Note 9) | Straight-Line Rent Expense | Deferred Rent Ending Balance | ||||||||||
| 2022 | $ | 1,089,752 | $ | 1,112,419 | $ | (131,685 | ) | |||||
| 2023 | 1,111,547 | 1,112,419 | (132,557 | ) | ||||||||
| 2024 | 1,133,778 | 1,112,419 | (111,198 | ) | ||||||||
| 2025 | 1,156,454 | 1,112,419 | (67,164 | ) | ||||||||
| 2026 | 1,179,583 | 1,112,419 | - | |||||||||
| Total | $ | 5,671,114 | $ | 5,562,095 | ||||||||
Litigation the Company is subject to certain legal proceedings and claims that arise in the normal course of business. The Company does not believe the amount of liability, as a result of these types of proceedings and claims will have a materially adverse effect on the Company’s consolidated financial position, results of operations, and cash flows.
From time to time, the Company encounters content and items for sale that may infringe their copyrights, trademarks, and domain names available on various online retail and streaming platforms and other websites, such as unauthorized fan reviews featuring extensive copying of Company-owned properties, unauthorized shows that copy the look and feel of Company owned digital content and unauthorized t-shirts bearing the Skybound logo or free downloads of comic book issues. The company addresses such possible infringement in the ordinary course of business consistent with advice of the Company’s counsel.
| F-22 |
MR. MANGO, LLC AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
DECEMBER 31, 2021 AND 2020
In connection with a third-party software development contract breach, the Company received a settlement of $2,000,000, in 2020, recorded as Settlement Income in Other Income on the consolidated statement of income and comprehensive income. The counterparty failed to develop a game by a certain release date which created missed opportunities for the Company in terms of publishing and other opportunities.
The corporate headquarters was served with a civil lawsuit on January 15, 2021 alleging negligence that led to a trip and fall on the sidewalk outside of the corporate headquarters building. Neither the Company nor any Company Subsidiary is a party to any material litigation at this time. The Company is making this disclosure for informational purposes.
| 13. | REVENUES |
The company generates revenue primarily through the sale of physical and digital product, licensing and royalties, and certain services, including production and marketing services. In accordance with ASC 606, the following table represents a disaggregation of the Company’s revenue for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020:
| For the Year Ended December 31, | 2021 | % | 2020 | % | ||||||||||||
| Physical product sales | $ | 24,581,346 | 38 | % | $ | 20,149,832 | 47 | % | ||||||||
| Digital product sales | 5,315,468 | 8 | % | 6,292,410 | 15 | % | ||||||||||
| Licensing and royalty | 22,675,181 | 35 | % | 6,355,834 | 15 | % | ||||||||||
| Services | 10,242,561 | 16 | % | 9,814,886 | 23 | % | ||||||||||
| Other | 1,571,764 | 3 | % | 264,726 | - | % | ||||||||||
| Net sales | $ | 64,386,320 | 100 | % | $ | 42,877,688 | 100 | % | ||||||||
The following table represents the Company’s revenue for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, The percentage of our consolidated net revenues that are recognized from revenue sources that are recognized at a “point-in-time” and from sources that are recognized “over-time and other” were as follows:
| For the Year Ended December 31, | 2021 | 2020 | ||||||
| Point in time (1) | 49 | % | 62 | % | ||||
| Over time and other (2) | 51 | % | 38 | % | ||||
| Net sales | 100 | % | 100 | % | ||||
| (1) | Revenue recognized at a “point-in-time” is primarily comprised of the portion of revenue from software and physical products sales that are recognized when the customer takes control of the product (i.e., upon delivery of the product), as well as royalties from revenues generated from sales of products and use of IP. | |
| (2) | Revenue recognized “over-time and other revenue” is primarily comprised of licensing and services which are contract balances. The Company accepts advance payments, primarily from newer customers ranging from 25% to 50% of the transaction price. Upon receipt of an advance payment, the Company recognizes deferred revenue, which is included on the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. |
| F-23 |
MR. MANGO, LLC AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
DECEMBER 31, 2021 AND 2020
The following table breaks out the Company’s sales by geographical region for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020:
| As of December 31, | 2021 | % | 2020 | % | ||||||||||||
| Asia | $ | 11,267,284 | 17 | % | $ | 4,391,639 | 10 | % | ||||||||
| Europe | 9,033,097 | 14 | % | 9,790,510 | 23 | % | ||||||||||
| Middle East | 176,057 | 0 | % | 11,540 | 0 | % | ||||||||||
| North America | 43,509,420 | 68 | % | 28,239,243 | 66 | % | ||||||||||
| Oceania | 400,462 | 1 | % | 444,756 | 1 | % | ||||||||||
| Total sales | $ | 64,386,320 | 100 | % | $ | 42,877,688 | 100 | % | ||||||||
In accordance with ASC 606, the following table represents a disaggregation of the Company’s revenue for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, which is recognized over time:
Deferred revenue rollforward for year ending December 31,
| 2020 | ||||||||||||||||
| Beginning Balance | New Transactions | Revenue | Ending Balance | |||||||||||||
| Physical product | $ | 3,776,459 | $ | 1,368,237 | $ | (3,776,459 | ) | $ | 1,368,237 | |||||||
| Licensing and royalties | 500,000 | 2,600,000 | - | 3,100,000 | ||||||||||||
| Services | - | 811,640 | - | 811,640 | ||||||||||||
| $ | 4,276,459 | $ | 4,779,877 | $ | (3,776,459 | ) | $ | 5,279,877 | ||||||||
Deferred revenue rollforward for year ending December 31,
| 2021 | ||||||||||||||||
| Beginning Balance | New Transactions | Revenue | Ending Balance | |||||||||||||
| Physical product | $ | 1,368,237 | $ | 1,152,867 | $ | (523,761 | ) | $ | 1,997,343 | |||||||
| Licensing and royalties | 3,100,000 | 3,642,657 | (3,100,000 | ) | 3,642,657 | |||||||||||
| Services | 811,640 | 5,123,766 | (295,093 | ) | 5,640,313 | |||||||||||
| $ | 5,279,877 | $ | 9,919,290 | $ | (3,918,854 | ) | $ | 11,280,313 | ||||||||
| F-24 |
MR. MANGO, LLC AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
DECEMBER 31, 2021 AND 2020
The Company engages in kickstarter campaigns that generate revenue on unfulfilled campaigns. The Company classifies these revenues as deferred and recognizes the revenue at the point the campaign reaches fulfillment. The average length of a Kickstarter is fifteen months.
Future annual revenues from deferred revenues are as follows:
| 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 | 2026 | ||||||||||||||
| $ | 8,218,324 | $ | 1,592,881 | $ | 609,547 | $ | 542,881 | $ | 316,680 | |||||||||
| 15. | INCOME TAXES |
The total current tax and provision for income tax expense consists of the following as of December 31, 2021 and 2020:
| As of December 31, | 2021 | 2020 | ||||||
| Current tax expense: | ||||||||
| Federal | $ | 206,386 | $ | 37,709 | ||||
| State and local | 310,205 | 60,323 | ||||||
| Foreign | 356,991 | 19,423 | ||||||
| Total current tax expense | $ | 873,582 | $ | 117,455 | ||||
| Deferred tax expense: | ||||||||
| Federal | 1,274,509 | 53,617 | ||||||
| State and local | 199,058 | 60,323 | ||||||
| Total deferred tax expense | $ | 1,473,567 | $ | 113,940 | ||||
| Total income tax expense | $ | 2,347,149 | $ | 231,395 | ||||
Deferred tax assets consist of the following as of December 31, 2021 and 2020:
| As of December 31, | 2021 | 2020 | ||||||
| Deferred tax asset attributable to: | ||||||||
| Federal | $ | 2,387,657 | $ | 3,198,754 | ||||
| State and local | 1,532,029 | 1,423,604 | ||||||
| Foreign tax credit | 267,036 | - | ||||||
| Difference in book/tax carrying value | 139,957 | 1,177,889 | ||||||
| Net deferred tax asset | $ | 4,326,679 | $ | 5,800,247 | ||||
Consideration of whether a valuation allowance should be recorded against deferred tax assets is based on the likelihood that the benefits of the deferred tax assets will or will not ultimately be realized in future periods. Accounting standards require that all available evidence, both positive and negative, be considered to determine whether, based on the weight of that evidence, a valuation allowance is needed. Realization of the future benefits related to the deferred tax assets is dependent on many factors, including the company’s ability to generate taxable income within the near to medium term and tax planning strategy. The Company has considered these factors in determining the amount of the valuation allowance.
| F-25 |
MR. MANGO, LLC AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
DECEMBER 31, 2021 AND 2020
The Company had no valuation allowance as of December 31, 2021 and 2020, as net deferred tax assets are expected to be fully utilized in future periods.
The federal and blended state income tax rates used in determining the provision for the year ended December 31, 2021 is 21.00% and 8.84%, when applicable, respectively. The Company’s effective tax rate was less than the statutory rate due to net operating losses (“NOLs”) applied against income.
As of December 31, 2021, the Company’s federal NOLs were approximately $11,360,000 for Fed NOLs which may be carried forward indefinitely until used. The utilization of NOL carryforwards is subject to annual limitations under Section 382 of the Internal Revenue Code. The Company has determined that a valuation allowance against deferred tax assets is not necessary in any jurisdictions.
For the years ended December 31, 2021, and 2020, the Company did not take any material uncertain tax positions.
The Company has not received any notice or indication of federal income tax examination and as such the tax years 2017 through 2021 remain open to examination for federal income tax purposes and by other major taxing jurisdictions to which the Company is subject.
| 16. | SUPPLEMENTAL CASH FLOW INFORMATION |
| As of December 31, | 2021 | 2020 | ||||||
| Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information: | ||||||||
Cash paid for interest | $ | 12,269 | $ | 201,830 | ||||
| Cash paid for income taxes | $ | 917,092 | $ | 523,697 | ||||
| Non cash investing and financing activities: | ||||||||
| Warrants issued for financing costs | $ | - | $ | 97,300 | ||||
| Preferred units issued for prepaid services | $ | - | $ | 250,000 | ||||
| Common interest issued to acquire noncontrolling interest | $ | 570,000 | $ | - | ||||
| Common interest appreciation rights issued to acquire NCI | $ | 1,668,362 | $ | - | ||||
| Derivatives received in exchange of license | $ | 2,714,403 | $ | - | ||||
| 17. | EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLAN |
The Company maintains a 401(k) retirement plan (the “Plan”) that covers eligible employees of the Company. Under the terms of the Plan, employees may make voluntary contributions, subject to certain limitations, and the Company may make discretionary contributions to the Plan. The Company contributed $210,215 and $196,666 for the years ended December 31, 2021, and December 31, 2020, respectively. which is included in operating expenses on the accompanying consolidated statements of income and comprehensive income. The contributions represent 100% match of the employee’s 401(k) contributions after three months of employment, based on contributions up to 4%.
| F-26 |
MR. MANGO, LLC AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
DECEMBER 31, 2021 AND 2020
| 18. | PAYCHECK PROTECTION PROGRAM LOAN |
Between April 5, 2020 and April 29, 2020, the Company received a total of six loans between East West Bank and City National Bank in the amount of $1,627,781 to fund payroll, rent, utilities, and interest on mortgages and existing debt through the Paycheck Protection Program (the PPP Loan) for the Company and its subsidiaries.
The original loan agreements were written prior to the PPP Flexibility Act of 2020 (June 5) and were due over 24 months deferred for six months. Subsequently, the law changed the loan deferral terms retroactively. The PPP Flexibility Act and subsequent regulations supersede the loan agreements. The PPP Loans bear interest at a fixed rate of 1.0% per annum, have a term of two years, and are unsecured and guaranteed by the U.S. Small Business administration (“SBA”). Payments of principal and interest were deferred until the date on which the amounts of forgiveness were remitted to the lender or, if the Company failed to apply for forgiveness within 10 months after the covered period, then payments of principal and interest would begin on those dates. These amounts may be forgiven subject to compliance and approval based on the timing and use of these funds in accordance with the program. The covered periods ranged from April 5, 2020 to May 31, 2020 and from April 29, 2020 to June 24, 2020, respectively, representing the time that the receiving business had to spend its PPP Loan funds. The Company is following ASC 470, Debt, to account for the initial receipts related to the PPP Loans.
On December 16, 2020, the SBA processed one of the Company’s PPP Loan forgiveness applications and notified East West Bank that the $270,000 PPP Loan qualified for full forgiveness. Loan proceeds were received by the bank from the SBA on this date. Therefore, the Company was legally released from this debt and the loan forgiveness was recorded as a gain on extinguishment of debt, which is included in Other Income during the year ended December 31, 2020.
The Company classified the remaining loans as current liabilities in accordance with the terms of the agreement and current PPP program provisions. The Company did not accrue interest as of December 31, 2020.
In March of 2021, Skybound Games Inc was granted a second PPP loan of $230,170, pursuant to the PPP Loan under Division A, Title I of the CARES Act, which was enacted March 27, 2020. The Company used these funds towards payroll and rent expenses. The loan was later forgiven in 2021.
As of December 31, 2021, the SBA determined the remaining loans including the second PPP loan for Skybound Games, all qualified for full forgiveness. The Company was legally released from all debt and the Company recorded $1,587,951 of loan forgiveness as a gain on extinguishment of debt, which is included in Other Income during the year ended December 31, 2021.
The SBA may review funding eligibility and usage of funds for compliance with program requirements based on dollar threshold and other factors. The amount of liability, if any, from potential noncompliance cannot be determined with certainty; however, management is of the opinion that any review will not have a material adverse impact on the Company’s financial position.
| F-27 |
MR. MANGO, LLC AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
DECEMBER 31, 2021 AND 2020
| 19. | SUBSEQUENT EVENTS |
The Company evaluated subsequent events that occurred from January 1, 2022 through the date of the independent auditor’s report, which is the date that the consolidated financial statements were available to be issued, and determined that there were no subsequent events or transactions that required recognition or disclosure in the consolidated financial statements, except as noted below:
In January 2022, a lawsuit was filed in federal court against a principle of Mr. Mango, LLC by a colorist who performed services on a comic book. Neither Mr. Mango, LLC nor any of its subsidiaries are parties to the lawsuit, however, the lawsuit does list a principle of Mr. Mango, LLC and the Company’s subsidiaries commercialize the involved IP.
On February 22, 2022, the Company issued additional Series B funding in the amount of $1,998,943 for 6,885 of Series B Preferred Units.
On February 28, 2022, the Company issued additional Series B funding in the amount of $575,896.08 for 1,984 of Series B Preferred Units
On March 1, 2022, the three Company founders each redeemed 367 Common Units for $107,291 cash.
In March of 2022 the Company entered into an agreement to issue 959 options under The Mr. Mango, LLC 2019 Equity Incentive Plan. In April 2022, 450 of those shares were exercised.
On May 8, 2017, the Company sold contract rights and IP assets to a private company for the total of $16.5 million and upon the earlier of (1) as of immediately prior to the consummation of a Liquidation Event or (2) May 8, 2022, the purchasing company would issue Seller a warrant for 481,824 shares of the purchasing company’s common stock at an exercise price of $0.01 per share. According to the agreement, the purchase price of $16.5 million as allocated as follows; $8,085,000 to the contract rights with a remaining term of approximately two years recognized as royalty income and $8,415,000 for purchase of IP rights recognized as other income. As the future warrants had an uncertain date of issuance and uncertain valuation, the value was deemed indeterminable and was not recorded May 2017. On May 8, 2022, the Company received the warrants of 481,824 shares of stock at an exercise price of $0.01.
In August 2022, the Company entered into a multi-tranche investment and made the first tranche payment of $2,000,000 in Mega Cat Studios, a private video game development company. Game development resources are extremely tight, so this investment allows the Company to lock in future product flow more reliably.
In April and August 2022, the Company paid an aggregate of $5,142,257 for the second and third tranche of its investment in 5th Planet Games, increasing the Company ownership to 47.1% (see note 6).
On October 24, 2022 the managing members approved a forward unit split for which 7.18732 units will be exchanged for each Common and Preferred unit held. All units and related amounts have been retroactively restated for all periods presented.
| F-28 |
SUPPLEMENTAL SCHEDULES
| F-29 |
MR. MANGO, LLC AND SUBSIDIARIES
RECONCILIATION OF EARNINGS BEFORE INCOME TAXES, DEPRECIATION AND AMORTIZATION (EBITDA) TO NET INCOME (LOSS)
| 6 months ending | Year ending | Year ending | ||||||||||
| June 30, 2022 | December 31, 2021 | December 31, 2020 | ||||||||||
| Net Income Attributable to Mr. Mango, LLC and subsidiaries | $ | 12,298,958 | $ | 9,575,676.00 | $ | 1,236,178.00 | ||||||
| EXPENSES TO ADD BACK | ||||||||||||
| Depreciation, depletion, accretion, and amortization | 228,664 | 974,827.00 | 287,047.00 | |||||||||
| Taxes | 7,279,147 | 2,347,149.00 | 231,395.00 | |||||||||
| Interest expense | 35,336 | 108,047.00 | 247,759.00 | |||||||||
| OTHER FINANCIAL DATA | ||||||||||||
| EBITDA (1) | $ | 19,842,105 | $ | 13,005,699 | $ | 2,002,379 | ||||||
(1) EBITDA is a non-GAAP supplemental financial measure used by management and by external users of financial statements such as investors, research analysts, and others, to assess the financial performance of our assets and their ability to sustain distributions over the long term without regard to financing methods, capital structure, or historical cost basis.
EBITDA is defined as net income (loss) before interest expense, income taxes, and depreciation, depletion, and amortization.
EBITDA does not represent and should not be considered an alternative to, or more meaningful than, net income (loss), income from operations, cash flows from operating activities, or any other measure of financial performance presented in accordance with U.S. GAAP as measures of financial performance. EBITDA has important limitations as an analytical tool because it excludes some but not all items that affect net income (loss), the most directly comparable U.S. GAAP financial measure. The computation of EBITDA may differ from computations of similarly titled measures of other companies.
| F-30 |
Mr. Mango, LLC AND SUBSIDIARIES
UNAUDITED
INTERIM CONSOLIDATED Financial Statements
January 1, 2022 through June 30, 2022
| F-31 |
| Page No. | |
| Consolidated Financial Statements: | |
| Consolidated Balance Sheets | F-33 |
| Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income | F-34 |
| Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows | F-35 |
| Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements | F-36 – F-51 |
| F-32 |
MR. MANGO, LLC AND SUBSIDIARIES
UNAUDITED INTERIM CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
| FOR THE 6 MONTHS ENDING JUNE 30, | 2022 | |||
| ASSETS | ||||
| Current assets: | ||||
| Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 30,644,554 | ||
| Accounts receivable, net | 12,045,297 | |||
| Due from related parties | 1,105,457 | |||
| Inventories, net | 2,948,266 | |||
| Software development costs, net | 426,674 | |||
| Contract costs to related parties | 407,143 | |||
| Prepaid expenses and other current assets | 862,912 | |||
| Total current assets | 48,440,303 | |||
| Property and equipment, net | 500,231 | |||
| TV / Film development costs, net | 469,639 | |||
| Non-current software development costs, net | 3,433,723 | |||
| Deferred tax asset | 4,326,679 | |||
| Equity-method investment | 6,799,521 | |||
| Derivative asset | 4,129,874 | |||
| Stock warrants | 14,859,452 | |||
| Investment other | 830,000 | |||
| Other non-current assets | 2,997,657 | |||
| Total assets | $ | 86,787,079 | ||
| LIABILITIES AND MEMBERS’ EQUITY | ||||
| Current liabilities: | ||||
| Accounts payable | $ | 1,395,329 | ||
| Accrued liabilities | 7,259,056 | |||
| Accrued warrant expense to related parties | 4,457,836 | |||
| Accrued royalties to related parties | 2,733,298 | |||
| Deferred revenue, short-term | 9,344,601 | |||
| Tax liabilities | 1,178,676 | |||
| Other current liabilities | 69,283 | |||
| Total current liabilities | 26,438,079 | |||
| Notes payable, short-term | 250,000 | |||
| Deferred revenue, long-term | 3,883,429 | |||
| Total liabilities | 30,571,508 | |||
| Commitments and contingencies (see Note 12) | ||||
| Members’ equity: | ||||
| Preferred units | 43,960,792 | |||
| Common units | 830,819 | |||
| Additional paid-in capital | 167,424 | |||
| Accumulated other comprehensive loss | (54,125 | ) | ||
| Accumulated deficit | 10,608,860 | |||
| Members’ equity of Mr. Mango LLC and subsidiaries | 55,513,770 | |||
| Noncontrolling interest | 701,801 | |||
| Total members’ equity | 56,215,571 | |||
| Total liabilities and members’ equity | $ | 86,787,079 | ||
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
| F-33 |
MR. MANGO, LLC AND SUBSIDIARIES
UNAUDITED INTERIM CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME AND COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
| FOR THE 6 MONTHS ENDING JUNE 30, | 2022 | |||
| Revenue | $ | 48,208,209 | ||
| Cost of revenue | 25,681,119 | |||
| Gross profit | 22,527,090 | |||
| Operating expenses: | ||||
| Sales and marketing | 4,254,129 | |||
| General and administrative | 9,732,717 | |||
| Research and development | 2,379,239 | |||
| Total operating expenses | 16,366,085 | |||
| Income (loss) from operations | 6,161,005 | |||
| Other income (expenses): | ||||
| Interest income | 541 | |||
| Interest expense | (35,336 | ) | ||
| Foreign currency exchange | 358 | |||
| Settlement income | 5,059 | |||
| Investment income | 10,401,616 | |||
| Change in fair value of derivative | 1,415,471 | |||
| Other non-operating income (expense) | 1,388,847 | |||
| Total other income | 13,176,556 | |||
| Income before income taxes | 19,337,561 | |||
| Income taxes | 7,279,147 | |||
| Net Income | $ | 12,058,414 | ||
| Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interests | (240,544 | ) | ||
| Net Income Attributable to Mr. Mango, LLC and subsidiaries | $ | 12,298,958 | ||
| Other comprehensive income (loss), net of provision for income taxes: | ||||
| Foreign currency translation gain/(loss) | (7,823 | ) | ||
| Comprehensive income | $ | 12,291,135 | ||
| Basic net income (loss) per share | $ | 14.47 | ||
| Diluted net income (loss) per share | $ | 10.71 | ||
| Weighted average shares outstanding - basic | 850,208 | |||
| Weighted average shares outstanding - diluted | 1,148,024 | |||
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
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MR. MANGO, LLC AND SUBSIDIARIES
UNAUDITED INTERIM CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
| FOR THE 6 MONTHS ENDING JUNE 30, | 2022 | |||
| Cash Flows from Operating Activities: | ||||
| Net income | $ | 12,058,414 | ||
| Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash used in operating activities: | ||||
| Depreciation and amortization | 228,664 | |||
| Unrealized gain warrants | (14,859,452 | ) | ||
| Unrealized gain derivative asset | (3,500,531 | ) | ||
| Realized foreign currency exchange gains | (357 | ) | ||
| Share based compensation | 977,567 | |||
| Changes in operating assets and liabilities: | ||||
| Accounts receivable, net | 4,368,843 | |||
| Inventory | 985,029 | |||
| Prepaid expenses and other current assets | 761,993 | |||
| Capitalized software development costs | (841,794 | ) | ||
| Accounts payable | ( 48,279 | ) | ||
| Accrued liabilities and other liabilities | 9,714,517 | |||
| Tax liabilities | (10,148 | ) | ||
| Deferred revenue | 1,947,718 | |||
| Net cash provided by operating activities | 11,782,184 | |||
| Cash Flows from Investing Activities | ||||
| Purchase of property and equipment | (1,746,444 | ) | ||
| Purchase of equity method investments | (2,439,828 | ) | ||
| Net cash used in investing activities | (4,186,272 | ) | ||
| Cash Flows from Financing Activities | ||||
| Repayment of line of credit | 250,000 | |||
| Proceeds from sale of preferred shares | 2,252,967 | |||
| Redemption of common shares | (321,873 | ) | ||
| Net cash provided by financing activities | 2,181,094 | |||
| Effect of exchange rate changes on cash | (33,464 | ) | ||
| Net increase in cash | 9,743,542 | |||
| Cash - Beginning of Year | 20,901,012 | |||
| Cash - End of Year | $ | 30,644,554 | ||
See accompanying notes to combined financial statements.
| F-35 |
MR. MANGO, LLC AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO UNAUDITED INTERIM CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
JANUARY 1, 2022 THROUGH JUNE 30, 2022
1. ORGANIZATION AND NATURE OF BUSINESS
Mr. Mango, LLC and subsidiaries (the “Company”), formed on June 2, 2010 as a California limited liability company (“LLC”), is a multi-platform entertainment company distributing intellectual property (IP) across comics, games, books, television shows, and movies and serves customers worldwide.
2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Principles of Consolidation The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Mr. Mango, LLC and its wholly owned subsidiaries: Bumbio LLC, Dark Stories LLC, Viltrumite Pants LLC, This is JoJo LLC, Boaty Boat Boat LLC, El El See LLC, Itchy Waters LLC, Blah Blah Boys LLC, Tea Hot LLC, HowYaKnow LLC, Fakakta Inc, Shoe Leather Digital Inc, Skybound Game Studios Inc., IBO, Skybound Interactive LLC and Skybound LLC and are prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“US GAAP”).
The Company, directly or through its subsidiaries, have majority owned subsidiaries including the accounts of Skybound Galactic, LLC and Skybound Stories, Inc. The ownerships interest not held by the Company are reflected as noncontrolling interest in these consolidated financial statements.
Collectively, all the companies above are referred to as the “Company” throughout these consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.
The Company leases office space at 9570 W. Pico Blvd., Los Angeles CA 90035, from Blueberry & Chicken, LLC (B&C), a related party owned by two members of the Company and office space at 10911 Riverside Dr., North Hollywood CA 91602, from Spicy Sauce LLC (Spicy), a related party owned by three members of the Company. The Company consolidates all entities which the Company holds a controlling financial interest. For voting interest entities, the Company is considered to hold a controlling financial interest when the Company is able to exercise control over investees’ operating and financial decisions. For Variable Interest Entities (VIE), the Company is considered to hold a controlling financial interest when it is determined to be the primary beneficiary. A primary beneficiary is a party that has both: (1) the power to direct the activities of a VIE that most significantly impact that entity’s economic performance, and (2) the obligation to absorb losses, or the right to receive benefits, from the VIE that could potentially be significant to the VIE. The Company does not have the power to direct activities of B&C or Spicy. The Company does not have the obligation to absorb losses or rights to receive benefits. The Company has a variable interest in B&C and Spicy through a loan guarantee (see Note 8).
The determination of whether an entity is a VIE is based on the amounts and characteristics of the entity’s equity discussed in New Developments Summary 2017-03, “Step-by-step approach to applying the VIE consolidation model: Updated for ASU 2015-02, Amendments to the Consolidation Analysis,” discusses a step-by-step approach to determining whether a legal entity is a VIE and, if so, whether a reporting entity is the primary beneficiary of the VIE and should, therefore, consolidate the VIE under the guidance in ASC 810. Following this guidance, B&C would not need to be reflected in the consolidated financial statements.
Noncontrolling Interests The Company accounts for the noncontrolling interests in consolidated subsidiaries under the provisions of Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 810, Consolidation, which requires that noncontrolling interests be reported as a separate component of members’ equity and that net income or loss attributable to the noncontrolling interests and net income or loss attributable to the members of the Company be presented separately on the consolidated statements of income and comprehensive income.
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MR. MANGO, LLC AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO UNAUDITED INTERIM CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
JANUARY 1, 2022 THROUGH JUNE 30, 2022
Use of Estimates The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with US GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of certain assets, liabilities, revenues, expenses, and disclosures as of the date of the consolidated financial statements and for the years then ended. Significant estimates affecting the consolidated financial statements, capitalization and recovery of development costs, such as the allowance for doubtful accounts, reserve for excess and obsolete inventories, certain accrued expenses, valuation of equity related grants, derivative assets, estimates related to revenue recognition when recognition is based on the inputs/time spent on the project and deferred tax assets have been prepared based on the most current and best available information. However, actual results from the resolution of such estimates and assumptions may vary from those used in the preparation of the consolidated financial statements.
Revenue Recognition Effective January 1, 2020, the Company adopted FASB ASC Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (“ASC 606”), using the modified retrospective transition method. ASC 606 outlines a comprehensive five-step principles-based framework for recognizing revenue under US GAAP. Revenue recognition is evaluated through the following five steps:
| 1. | Identify the Contract(s) with a Customer: A contract with a customer exists when (i) the Company enters into an enforceable contract with a customer that defines each party’s rights regarding the goods or services to be transferred and identifies the payment terms related to those goods or services, (ii) the contract has commercial substance and, (iii) the Company determines that collection of substantially all consideration for goods or services that are transferred is probable based on the customer’s intent and ability to pay the promised consideration. The Company applies judgment in determining the customer’s intent and ability to pay, which is based on a variety of factors including the customer’s historical payment experience and for new customers credit and financial information pertaining to the customer. |
| 2. | Identify the Performance Obligations in the Contract: Performance obligations promised in a contract are identified based on the goods or services that will be transferred to the customer that are both capable of being distinct, whereby the customer can benefit from the good or service either on its own or together with other resources that are readily available from third parties or from the Company, and are distinct in the context of the contract, whereby the transfer of the goods or services is separately identifiable from other promises in the contract. To the extent a contract includes multiple promised goods or services, the Company must apply judgment to determine whether promised goods or services are capable of being distinct and distinct in the context of the contract. If these criteria are not met the promised goods or services are accounted for as a combined performance obligation. |
| 3. | Determine the Transaction Price: The transaction price is determined based on the consideration to which the Company will be entitled in exchange for transferring goods or services to the customer. To the extent the transaction price includes variable consideration, the Company estimates the amount of variable consideration that should be included in the transaction price utilizing either the expected value method or the most likely amount method depending on the nature of the variable consideration. |
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MR. MANGO, LLC AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO UNAUDITED INTERIM CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
JANUARY 1, 2022 THROUGH JUNE 30, 2022
| 4. | Allocate the Transaction Price to the Performance Obligations in the Contract: If the contract contains a single performance obligation, the entire transaction price is allocated to the single performance obligation. Contracts that contain multiple performance obligations require an allocation of the transaction price to each performance obligation based on a relative standalone selling price (SSP) basis unless the transaction price is variable and meets the criteria to be allocated entirely to a performance obligation or to a distinct good or service that forms part of a single performance obligation. The consideration to be received is allocated among the separate performance obligations based on relative SSP’s. The Company determines standalone selling price based on the price at which the performance obligation is sold separately. If the standalone selling price is not observable through past transactions, the Company estimates the standalone selling price taking into account available information such as market conditions and internally approved pricing guidelines related to the performance obligations. For subscription-based sales, if not sold stand-alone, the Company uses the residual method. Under the residual method, obligations with a SSP are first allocated their portion of consideration based on SSP and the amount remaining is applied to the remaining obligations. |
| 5. | Recognize Revenue: The Company disaggregates its revenue streams by type of service into three major categories that depict the nature, amount, timing, and uncertainty of revenues and related cash flows. The following depicts the primary revenue streams and recognition policies: |
The Company generates revenue from the following sources:
| ● | Product Sales: The sale of physical and digital products are earned by the Company based on a predetermined sales price, The product is delivered to customers in exchange for the stated rate, and as such these revenues are recognized by the Company when control of the promised goods or services are transferred to the customer, in an amount that reflects the consideration we expect to be entitled to in exchange for those goods or services, which is generally on delivery to the customer. After that point in time, the Company does not have remaining performance obligations related to the product sales. | |
| ● | Licensing and Royalties from the sales of licensed intellectual property (IP): Licensing revenues are based on the functionality of the IP. When the IP is fully functional, the Company records revenues at the time the license is granted. If the license is deemed symbolic or is not yet functional, revenues are recorded over time when the customer begins deriving the benefits of the Company’s IP over the estimated term of the contract period of benefit. The granting of a license for IP is often coupled with services co-publishing, production and marketing services (see paragraph below). The license and services fees require the Company to allocate the transaction price to the deliverables based on cost inputs and comparable fees. Royalty revenue is generally recognized at a point in time when merchandise is sold, as it is considered a sales-based royalty in accordance with ASC 606. After the term of the agreement, the Company does not have remaining performance obligations related to licensing. | |
| ● | Production and marketing services: Services revenues are fixed and determinable and is earned by the Company based on a predetermined amount. The service is delivered to the customers throughout the production schedule in exchange for stated rate, and as such this revenue is earned by the Company over time and recognized as a % of completion against actual costs. After production wraps, the Company does not have the remaining performance obligations related to producing services. |
The adoption of ASC 606 did not result in an adjustment to the opening balance of members’ equity at January 1, 2020.
| F-38 |
MR. MANGO, LLC AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO UNAUDITED INTERIM CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
JANUARY 1, 2022 THROUGH JUNE 30, 2022
Impact of Coronavirus Pandemic In December 2019, a novel strain of coronavirus disease (“COVID-19”) was first reported in Wuhan, China. On March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization declared COVID-19 a global pandemic. The global and domestic response to the COVID-19 outbreak continues to rapidly evolve. To date, certain responses to the COVID-19 outbreak have included mandates from federal, state and/or local authorities to mitigate the spread of the virus, which have adversely impacted global commercial activity and have contributed to significant volatility in financial markets. The COVID-19 outbreak and associated responses could result in a material impact to the Company’s future results of consolidated operations, cash flows and financial condition; however, at this time the extent to which COVID-19 may impact the Company’s consolidated financial condition or results of operations is uncertain.
Cash and Cash Equivalents Cash and cash equivalents include all cash balances and highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less.
Accounts Receivable and Allowance for Doubtful Accounts Accounts receivable are stated at amounts due from customers, net of an allowance for doubtful accounts, and the Company generally does not require collateral. As a general policy, the Company determines an allowance for doubtful accounts by considering a number of factors, including the length of time trade accounts receivable are past due, the Company’s previous loss history, the customer’s current ability to pay its obligation to the Company, and the condition of the general economy and industry as a whole. Receivables are written off against the allowance for doubtful accounts in the year deemed uncollectible after all reasonable methods of collection have been exhausted. No allowance for doubtful accounts was deemed necessary as of June 30,2022.
Financial Instruments and Concentrations of Business and Credit Risk Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentrations of business and credit risk consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents and accounts receivable.
The Company maintains cash and cash equivalents balances that at times exceed amounts insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation. The Company has not experienced any losses in these accounts and believes it is not exposed to any significant credit risk in this area.
The Company’s accounts receivable, which are unsecured, expose the Company to credit risks such as collectability and business risks such as customer concentrations. The Company mitigates credit risks by investigating the creditworthiness of customers prior to establishing relationships with them, performing periodic reviews of the credit activities of those customers during the course of the business relationship, and recording allowances for doubtful accounts when these receivables become uncollectible.
The Company’s supplier concentrations expose the Company to business risks which the Company mitigates by attempting to diversify its supply chain. No individual supplier accounted for at least 10% of the Company’s purchases for the six-month period ending June 30, 2022.
Inventories Inventories, work-in-process and finished goods, are stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value, net of a reserve. Cost is determined using standard costs, which approximates average costing. The Company evaluates the need for reserves on inventories associated with obsolete, slow-moving, and non-sellable inventories by reviewing estimated net realizable values on a periodic basis.
| F-39 |
MR. MANGO, LLC AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO UNAUDITED INTERIM CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
JANUARY 1, 2022 THROUGH JUNE 30, 2022
Property and Equipment Property and equipment are stated at cost, net of accumulated depreciation and amortization. Depreciation and amortization are provided for using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the related assets, ranging from three to fifteen years.
| Property and equipment | Useful lives | |
| Leasehold improvements | Lesser of lease life or asset life | |
| Equipment and vehicles | Five to ten years |
Betterments, renewals, and extraordinary repairs that materially extend the useful life of the asset are capitalized; other repairs and maintenance charges are expensed as incurred.
The cost and related accumulated depreciation and amortization applicable to assets retired are removed from the accounts, and the gain or loss on disposition, if any, is recognized in the consolidated statement of income for that period.
Recoverability of Long-Lived Assets The Company accounts for the impairment and disposition of long-lived assets in accordance with FASB ASC Subtopic 360-10-35, Property, Plant, and Equipment – Overall – Subsequent Measurement (“ASC 360”). In accordance with ASC 360, the Company reviews its long-lived assets for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. The Company measures recoverability of assets to be held and used by comparing the carrying amount of an asset to future undiscounted net cash flows that it expects the asset to generate. When an asset is determined to be impaired, the Company recognizes the impairment amount, which is measured by the amount that the carrying value of the asset exceeds its fair value. No impairment losses were recognized for the six-month period ending June 30, 2022..
Software Development Costs Software development costs include payments made to independent software developers under development agreements for various digital games. Software development costs are capitalized once technological feasibility of a product is established and such costs are determined to be recoverable. Technological feasibility of a product requires both technical design documentation and game design documentation, or the completed and tested product design and a working model. For products where proven technology exists, this may occur early in the development cycle. Significant management judgments and estimates are applied in assessing when capitalization commences for software development costs and the evaluation is performed on a product-by-product basis. Prior to a product’s release, if and when we believe capitalized costs are not recoverable, we expense the amounts as part of research and development costs. Capitalized costs for products that are canceled or are expected to be abandoned are charged to Development Costs.
Commencing upon a product’s release, capitalized software development costs are amortized to “Cost of sales” based on the ratio of current revenues to total projected revenues.
Software development costs are stated at cost. Once a game is released, amortization of capitalized production costs is computed based on actual revenues achieved as a percentage of the expected lifetime revenue. As the lifetime revenue amount is a project that can change with updated expectations, amortization can fluctuate each month. Our software development costs are generally amortized in full within 12 months.
Film and TV Costs Film and TV costs include direct costs incurred in the production of a film, including costs related to the creation of the story. These costs are capitalized. Amortization begins once a project is completed and starts generating revenue.
Equity-Method Investments The Company has investments accounted for under equity method because management believes the Company has significant influence, but not control. During the year ended December 31, 2021, the Company recognized $62,605 in losses resulting from the portion of net losses attributable to its ownership interest.
| F-40 |
MR. MANGO, LLC AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO UNAUDITED INTERIM CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
JANUARY 1, 2022 THROUGH JUNE 30, 2022
At-Cost Investments In accordance with FASB ASC Subtopic 321-10-35-2, Investments – Others – Cost Method Investments, investments where the Company does not have a significant influence are accounted for at cost. The Company reviews all material investments on an annual basis to determine whether a significant event or change in circumstances has occurred that may have an adverse effect on the fair value of the investment. In the event the fair value of the investment declines below the cost basis, the Company will determine if the decline is other than temporary. If the decline is determined to be other than temporary, an impairment charge is recorded. There was no impairment recorded for the six-month period ending June 30, 2022. During the years presented, our investments, at cost, were not significant.
Derivative Instruments The Company accounts for free-standing derivative instruments in accordance with ASC 815, which establishes accounting and reporting standards for derivative instruments and hedging activities, including certain derivative instruments embedded in other financial instruments or contracts and requires recognition of all derivatives on the consolidated balance sheet at fair value. Changes in fair value of the derivative instruments are recorded in the consolidated statement of income and comprehensive income.
Fair-Value of Financial instruments Three different asset levels were introduced by the U.S. FASB to bring clarity to corporations’ balance sheets. Level 1 assets include listed stocks, bonds, funds, or any assets that have a regular mark-to-market mechanism for setting a fair market value. These assets are considered to have a readily observable, transparent prices, and therefore a reliable fair market value. Level 2 assets are financial assets and liabilities that do not have regular market pricing, but whose fair value can be determined based on other data values or market prices. Level 3 assets are financial assets and liabilities considered to be the most illiquid and hardest to value. They are not traded frequently, so it is difficult to give them a reliable and accurate market price.
The Company’s forward purchase contract to acquire equity shares of 5th Planet Games is considered a free-standing derivative reported at fair value. 5th Planet Games shares are traded at Euronext, thus their shares are considered to have a readily determinable fair value. We estimated the fair value based on the fixed price per share and the closing price per share. We determine this derivative is a Level 2 instrument.
Deferred Issuance Costs Deferred issuance costs paid in connection with obtaining long-term financing are capitalized and amortized using the straight-line method, which approximates the effective-interest method over the term of the related financing. The Company complies with the requirements of ASC 340, Other Assets and Deferred Costs, with regards to offering costs. Prior to the completion of an offering, offering costs are capitalized. The deferred offering costs are charged to additional paid-in capital or as a discount to debt, as applicable, upon the completion of an offering or to expense if the offering is not completed.
Leases and Deferred Rent The Company categorizes non-cancellable leases at their inception as either operating or capital leases in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 840, Leases. Costs for operating leases that include payment escalations or incentives, such as rent abatements, are recognized on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease, which results in a deferred rent liability and is recorded on the consolidated balance sheets. Additionally, inducements received from lessors are treated as a reduction of costs over the term of the agreement. The Company recorded a deferred rent liability of $129,084.54 related to future rent payment escalations and rent abatements as of June 30, 2022. Costs for capital leases are capitalized at the present value of the future minimum lease payments, less any taxes and fees, with the corresponding obligation recorded in liabilities. The capital leases are amortized in accordance with the Company’s property and equipment policies and the corresponding obligations are reduced as lease payments are made.
| F-41 |
MR. MANGO, LLC AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO UNAUDITED INTERIM CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
JANUARY 1, 2022 THROUGH JUNE 30, 2022
Advertising Advertising costs are expensed as incurred and amounted to $1,469,577 for the six-month period ending June 30, 2022. Advertising costs are included in operating expenses on the accompanying consolidated statements of income and comprehensive income.
Equity Incentive Plan During 2018, the Company adopted an incentive interest plan, in which the Company may grant certain incentive interests to key employees and board members. The incentive interests are subject to vesting over time or based on the Company’s financial performance. FASB ASC Topic 718, Compensation – Stock Compensation (“ASC 718”), requires that all share-based payments to employees and board members be recognized in the consolidated statement of income and comprehensive income over their vesting period based on the fair value of those awards calculated using an option valuation model on the grant date. The Company issued it’s first two grants in January.
Foreign Currency Matters The functional currency of the Company is the United States dollar. The functional currency of the Skybound Games Europe BV is the Euro and Skybound Games UK Limited is the British Pound. The financial statements of the Company’s subsidiaries were translated to United States dollars in accordance with ASC 830, Foreign Currency Translation Matters, using period-end rates of exchange for assets and liabilities, and average rates of exchange for the year for revenues and expenses. Gains and losses arising on foreign currency denominated transactions are included in consolidated statements of income and comprehensive income.
Sales Taxes Sales and similar taxes collected by the Company are netted with the corresponding sale to the customer. The Company collects said sales tax from customers and remits the entire amount to the state.
VAT Taxes The Company tracks collected and paid VAT tax. The Company nets the collections with the payments and files returns quarterly.
Delivery Costs All costs of delivery are included in Cost of Sales. Delivery costs were $2,065,012 for the six-month period ending June 30, 2022.
Basic and Diluted Income (Loss) Per Share The Company follows Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) ASC 260 Earnings per Share to account for earnings per share. Basic earnings per share (“EPS”) calculations are determined by dividing net income (loss) by the weighted average number of shares of common shares outstanding during the year. Diluted earnings per share calculations are determined by dividing net income by the weighted average number of common shares and dilutive common share equivalents outstanding. Dilutive common share equivalents include the dilutive effect of in-the-money share equivalents, which are calculated, based on the average share price for each period.
| F-42 |
MR. MANGO, LLC AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO UNAUDITED INTERIM CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
JANUARY 1, 2022 THROUGH JUNE 30, 2022
The following is a summary of outstanding securities which have been included in the calculation of diluted net income per share and reconciliation of net income to net income available to common stockholders for the six months ending June 30, 2022:
| As of June 30, 2022 | ||||
| Weighted average common shares outstanding used in calculating basic earnings per share | 850,208 | |||
| Effect of Series A and B preferred interests | 110,500 | |||
| Effect of Common Interest Appreciation Rights | 187,316 | |||
| Weighted average common shares outstanding used in calculating diluted earnings per share | 1,148,024 | |||
| Net income as reported | $ | 12,291,135 | ||
| Diluted income per Share | $ | 10.71 | ||
Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements In February 2016, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842) (“ASU 2016-02”). The new standard establishes a right-of-use (“ROU”) model that requires a lessee to record a ROU asset and a lease liability, measured on a discounted basis, on the consolidated balance sheets for all leases with terms greater than 12 months. Leases will be classified as either finance or operating, with classification affecting the pattern of expense recognition in the consolidated statements of income. A modified retrospective transition approach is required for capital and operating leases existing at the date of adoption, with certain practical expedients available. The Company is currently in the process of evaluating the potential impact of this new guidance, which is effective for the Company beginning on January 1, 2022.
In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326) (“ASU 2016-13”), which in conjunction with subsequent amendments issued by FASB amends the FASB’s guidance on the impairment of financial instruments. The ASU adds to US GAAP an impairment model (known as the “current expected credit loss model”) that is based on expected losses rather than incurred losses. For private companies, ASU 2016-13 is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2022. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the timing and impact of adoption on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
3. INVENTORIES
Inventories consist of the following:
| As of June 31, 2022 | ||||
| Finished goods | $ | 2,250,950 | ||
| Work-in-process | 697,316 | |||
| Inventories, net | $ | 2,948,266 | ||
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MR. MANGO, LLC AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO UNAUDITED INTERIM CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
JANUARY 1, 2022 THROUGH JUNE 30, 2022
4. SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT AND CAPITALIZED PRODUCTION COSTS
The following table summarizes the components of software development and capitalized production cost balances:
| June 30, 2022 | ||||||||||||||
Average Life (in years) | Gross Carrying Amount | Accumulated Amortization | Net Carrying Amount | |||||||||||
| Software development costs completed | less than one year | $ | 526,315 | $ | (99,641 | ) | $ | 426,674 | ||||||
| Software development costs in process | n/a | 4,152,355 | (718,632 | ) | 3,433,723 | |||||||||
| Capitalized TV/Film production in process | 1-2 | 797,814 | (328,175 | ) | 469,639 | |||||||||
| Total capitalized development and production costs | $ | 5,476,484 | $ | (1,146,448 | ) | 4,330,036 | ||||||||
5. PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT
Property and equipment consist of the following:
| As of June 30, 2022 | ||||
| Leasehold improvements | $ | 59,028 | ||
| Furniture and fixtures | 291,822 | |||
| Computers | 416,609 | |||
| Machinery and equipment | 927,782 | |||
| Vehicles | 300,000 | |||
| Less: accumulated depreciation | (1,495,010 | ) | ||
| Property and equipment, net | $ | 500,231 | ||
Depreciation expense related to property and equipment was $125,463 for the six-month period ending June 30, 2022.
6. EQUITY INVESTMENT
In August 2021, the Company entered into a multi-tranche investment in 5th Planet Games A/S, a Danish interactive game company publicly listed on the Euronext stock exchange. The investment provides an opportunity for the Company and 5th Planet Games to bring other games to market. The Company has entered into separate commercial deals outside of the investment agreement. In August 2021, we purchased 21,677,765 shares at $0.069 per share or $1,500,000. As of June 30, 2022 the Company’s ownership in 5th Planet Games was 35.51%.
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MR. MANGO, LLC AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO UNAUDITED INTERIM CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
JANUARY 1, 2022 THROUGH JUNE 30, 2022
The Company has the right and obligation to purchase additional interests as follows:
| Investment Shares | Cost/Share in NOK | Estimated investment in NOK | $USD Exchange Rate | Estimated investment in USD | Upon | |||||||||||||||||
| Tranche 3 | 43,355,530 | 0.61 | 26,446,873 | 0.1118 | 2,956,760 | August 2022 | ||||||||||||||||
| Tranche 4 | 50,581,452 | 0.61 | 30,854,686 | 0.1118 | 3,449,554 | August 2023 | ||||||||||||||||
| 93,936,982 | $ | 57,301,559 | $ | 6,406,314 | ||||||||||||||||||
The Company has the opportunity to acquire additional shares at NOK 0.90, per share, in the event 5th Planet Games’ market capitalization reaches the following amounts:
Milestone Warrants | Upon Market Value of (NOK) | Upon Market Value of (USD equity) | ||||||||||
| Tranche 1 | 4,241,438 | $ | 60,000,000 | $ | 6,708,000 | |||||||
| Tranche 2 | 4,241,438 | 75,000,000 | 8,385,000 | |||||||||
| Tranche 3 | 4,241,438 | 100,000,000 | 11,180,000 | |||||||||
| Tranche 4 | 4,241,438 | 125,000,000 | 13,975,000 | |||||||||
| Tranche 5 | 14,138,130 | |||||||||||
| 31,103,882 | ||||||||||||
In August 2022, the Company completed its three tranche investment, increasing the Company’s ownership to 47.1%. The final tranche payment will be in 2023 at which point the Company will have control over 5th Planet Games. See Note 19 Subsequent Events for discussion of additional investments made in 2022.
This forward purchase agreement is accounted for as a derivative. We determined the estimated fair value in August 2021 to be approximately $2.7 million on the date of commitment. Such value was ascribed to the license of IP. We believe that the expected license term will be approximately five years. As of June 30, 2022, the estimated fair value was $4,129,874.
On May 8, 2017, the Company sold contract rights and IP assets to a private company for the total of $16.5 million and upon the earlier of (1) as of immediately prior to the consummation of a Liquidation Event or (2) May 8, 2022, the purchasing company would issue Seller a warrant for 481,824 shares of the purchasing company’s common stock at an exercise price of $0.01 per share and otherwise with substantially the same terms as the Warrants. According to the agreement, the purchase price of $16.5 million as allocated as follows; $8,085,000 to the contract rights with a remaining term of approximately two years recognized as royalty income and $8,415,000 for purchase of IP rights recognized as other income. As the future warrants had an uncertain date of issuance and uncertain valuation, the value was deemed indeterminable and was not recorded May 2017. On May 8, 2022, the Company received the warrants of 481,824 shares of stock at an exercise price of $0.01.
| F-45 |
MR. MANGO, LLC AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO UNAUDITED INTERIM CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
JANUARY 1, 2022 THROUGH JUNE 30, 2022
7. ACCRUED LIABILITIES
The Company accrues for all expenses incurred but not billed.
| As of June 30, 2022 | ||||
| Accrued tax liability | $ | 4,435,498 | ||
| Accrued royalties and commissions | 1,546,226 | |||
| Accrued compensation and related benefits | 1,086,113 | |||
| Accrued marketing services | 150,000 | |||
| Accrued other | 41,219 | |||
| Accrued other liabilities | $ | 7,259,056 | ||
The Company has a royalty agreement with one of its members (see note 11).
8. LINE OF CREDIT
On September 25, 2020, the Company entered into a credit agreement with East West Bank for a revolving line of credit which permits borrowings up to $8,000,000. The rate of interest will fluctuate based on an applicable margin plus the Prime Rate or LIBOR, as applicable. The interest rate shall in no event be less than 3.75% per annuum. The current rate is 0.25% less than the Prime Rate (effective rate of 3.75% on June 30, 2022) and no interest is charged on the unused balance. The agreement is secured by substantially all the Company’s negotiable collateral and intellectual property collateral, is subject to certain financial covenants, and expires on September 25, 2023. On June 30, 2022, the outstanding balance on the line was $250,000. The Company believes it is in compliance with or has received waivers for all of the restrictive covenants on June 30, 2022.
Loan fees are being amortized using the straight-line method, which approximates the effective interest rate method over the term of the Loan. Amortization of loan fees is included in interest expense.
9. BACKSTOP ARRANGEMENT
On September 25, 2020, the Company entered into an unsecured agreement with one of its members to advance up to $5,000,000 to East West Bank, the lender on the Company’s revolving line of credit (“Backstop Note”). The Backstop Note accrues interest at 7% per annum and, unless converted to equity, would be due at the six-month anniversary of the line of credit or March 25, 2024. The advances would be in effect if the Company is unable to repay its line of credit with East west Bank as lender and the lender calls for borrowings under the Backstop Note. Any borrowings and any unpaid interest on the Backstop Note are able to be converted into an equivalent amount of the Company’s equity at 80% of the then-current Series A Preferred Unit price.
In addition to the convertible note and as part of the Backstop arrangement, the Company issued 1,725 warrants to purchase Common Units in the Company for an exercise price of $10.00. The Company recorded the fair value of the warrant issued to the member as a deferred issuance cost associated on the date when the warrant was granted. Fair value of the warrants was $97,331, as determined using a market approach valuation.
The deferred issuance cost will be amortized on a straight-line basis over the stated term of the line of credit, i.e., the access period.
| F-46 |
MR. MANGO, LLC AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO UNAUDITED INTERIM CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
JANUARY 1, 2022 THROUGH JUNE 30, 2022
10. MEMBERS’ EQUITY
Series A Units During the year ended December 31, 2021, the Company issued Series A Preferred Units at a value of $290 per Unit. Certain Series A Preferred Units were also issued in 2020 for the same purchased value of $290. Preferred Units will receive preference in liquidation over Common Units up to $290 per unit, and then pro-rata with all members of the company, and their total return is capped at two times the liquidation preference. Holders of Series A Preferred Units are entitled to participate in non-liquidating distributions in proportion to each member pro-rata share. Preferred units can convert into Common Units on a one-to-one basis, subject to certain anti-dilution adjustments upon the consent of the holders of at least two-thirds of the outstanding Series A Preferred Units or mandatorily upon Initial Public Offering. Series A Preferred units also have certain voting privileges such as approval of mergers, liquidation of the company, creation of new securities, incurrence or guarantee of debt, changing the primary business of the Company, dividends or distributions, among others.
Series B Units During the year ended December 31, 2021, the Company issued 55,098 Series B Preferred Units at a value of $290 per Unit. Series B units have liquidation, dividend, conversion and voting rights similar to Series A Units except for conversion of Series B in Common Units is subject to approval by the holders of a majority of the outstanding Series B Preferred Units.
Common Units Common units were granted to the founding members of the Company. Once the liquidation preference has been met, Common Units can receive distribution pro-rata with all members according to the number of Units held. The Company redeemed 9,034 and 2,372, Common units in 2021 and 2020 on a pro rata basis, respectively.
Warrants In connection with the issuance of Preferred Units with one of its members, in December 2019, the Company issued 1,826 warrants to purchase Series A Preferred Units. The warrants have an exercise price per unit of $548 and an aggregate purchase price of $1,000,000. The warrants vest over four years in the following manner: 460 units at December 13, 2020; 453 units at December 31, 2021; 460 units at December 31, 2022; and 453 units at December 13, 2023. At December 31, 2021, the company had 913 warrants outstanding and 913 that are exercisable. The fair value of the warrants was estimated at issuance date using a market approach valuation. The grant date fair value of the outstanding warrants was $7,750, recorded in members’ equity upon issuance as the warrants will be settled with Series A Preferred Units. The company recorded $7,750 and will record $3,844 and $3,905 in 2022 and 2023, respectively.
Acquisition on Noncontrolling Interests On November 24, 2021 Mr. Mango LLC increased its interest in Skybound Games Studios, Inc. from 70% to 100% by issuing “Common Interests” to the holders of the minority interests. Common interests are equivalent to common equity units in the LLC per LLC Operating Agreement. The amount of Common Interests issued by the Company to both parties amount to 2,286.
On November 24, 2021 the Company also issued the sellers stock appreciation rights referred to as Common Interest Appreciation Right Units (CIARs). Each seller received 13,031 CIAR Units. 20% of CIAR vest immediately on the grant date, at the fair market value of $290, while 80% of granted CIARs vest quarterly over the period through July 1, 2025, according to the terms of Common Interest Appreciation Rights Agreement (CIAR Agreement). As of June 30, 2022, the CIARs were 40% vested. The grant date fair value of $5,561,206.
| F-47 |
MR. MANGO, LLC AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO UNAUDITED INTERIM CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
JANUARY 1, 2022 THROUGH JUNE 30, 2022
The Company recognizes the vesting of CIARs, post acquisition date on November 24, 2021 as compensation expense for post-acquisition services, measured at fair value on the grant date The Company recognized $92,687 of expense in December 2021. The Company will recognize the compensation expense ratably from the grand date of November 24, 2021 through the end of the vesting period of July 1, 2025.
Terms of CIAR agreement define certain contingent redemption by the Company including potential redemption of vested CIARs in cash.
Incentive Plan The Company has reserved 99,300 Common Units for issuance under the Mr. Mango, LLC 2019 Equity Incentive Plan. The Company started making issuance under this plan starting in January of 2022.
11. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
The Company is a guarantor on a mortgage loan for B&C and Spicy. The loan balance as of June 30, 2022 amounted to $19,413,019 and $8,024.000, respectively. Both notes are secured by buildings owned by B&C and Spicy and leased to the Company. The Company may be required to perform under the notes should B&C and/or Spicy default on its obligations. Management does not anticipate any requirement to pay in the near future. Management believes the Company, B&C and Spicy are following any covenants and restrictions related to both loans.
The Company leases 9570 W. Pico Blvd., Los Angeles CA 90035, under an operating lease agreement from B&C and 10911 Riverside Dr., North Hollywood CA 91602, under an operating lease from Spicy. The Company currently makes monthly payments until March 2029. The 2022 monthly lease payments to B&C and Spicy are $90,812 and $46,920, respectively. The agreement provides for annual increases of 2% of base rent in the immediately preceding year. Rent due to B&C and Spicy totaled $0 as of June 30, 2022.
The Company incurs expenses to make building improvements which are reimbursed by B&C and Spicy. As of June 30, 2022, B&C and Spicy owes the Company $287,286 and $528,171, respectively, for building improvements recorded in Due from Related Parties on the consolidated balance sheet.
The Company has a royalty agreement with one of its members for 15% on sales of comics, and sales at conventions and merchandise sold, 30% on local licensing and 70% on international comic licensing. Total royalty expense to related parties of $3,278,750 was incurred for the six-month period ending June 30, 2022.
As of June 30, 2022, the Company had two outstanding, related party, loan receivables totaling in the amount of $290,000. The Company calculates interest at 2.05% per annum. The loans can be paid off any time prior to their due dates of May 23, 2023, and July 23, 2026
12. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
Operating Leases The Company is obligated under non-cancellable operating leases for certain facilities and equipment which expire on various dates through December 2026. Total rent expense to related parties, B&C and Spicy was $19,413,019 and $8,024,000, respectively for the six months ending June 30, 2022 (see Note 11). Total rent expense including tax expense to unaffiliated parties was $787,310 for the six months ending June 30, 2022 (see Note 10). Rent expense is included in cost of goods sold and operating expenses on the accompanying consolidated statements of income.
| F-48 |
MR. MANGO, LLC AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO UNAUDITED INTERIM CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
JANUARY 1, 2022 THROUGH JUNE 30, 2022
The following is a summary of future annual minimum lease payments on all operating leases as of:
Related Party (see Note 9) | Straight-Line Rent Expense | Deferred Rent Ending Balance | ||||||||||
| 2022 | $ | 1,512,032 | $ | 1,560,898 | $ | (157,884 | ) | |||||
| 2023 | 1,683,033 | 1,710,391 | (185,241 | ) | ||||||||
| 2024 | 1,716,694 | 1,710,391 | (178,938 | ) | ||||||||
| 2025 | 1,751,027 | 1,710,391 | (138,302 | ) | ||||||||
| 2026 | 1,786,048 | 1,710,391 | (62,644 | ) | ||||||||
| 2027 | 618,594 | 597,971 | (42,021 | ) | ||||||||
| 2028 | 630,966 | 597,971 | (9,024 | ) | ||||||||
| 2029 | 158,519 | 149,492 | - | |||||||||
| Total | $ | 9,856,913 | $ | 9,747,896 | $ | - | ||||||
Litigation the Company is subject to certain legal proceedings and claims that arise in the normal course of business. The Company does not believe the amount of liability, as a result of these types of proceedings and claims will have a materially adverse effect on the Company’s consolidated financial position, results of operations, and cash flows.
From time to time, the Company encounters content and items for sale that may infringe their copyrights, trademarks, and domain names available on various online retail and streaming platforms and other websites, such as unauthorized fan reviews featuring extensive copying of Company-owned properties, unauthorized shows that copy the look and feel of Company owned digital content and unauthorized t-shirts bearing the Skybound logo or free downloads of comic book issues. The company addresses such possible infringement in the ordinary course of business consistent with advice of the Company’s counsel.
In connection with a third-party software development contract breach, the Company received a settlement of $2,000,000, in 2020, recorded as Settlement Income in Other Income on the consolidated statement of income and comprehensive income. The counterparty failed to develop a game by a certain release date which created missed opportunities for the Company in terms of publishing and other opportunities.
The corporate headquarters was served with a civil lawsuit on January 15, 2021 alleging negligence that led to a trip and fall on the sidewalk outside of the corporate headquarters building. Neither the Company nor any Company Subsidiary is a party to any litigation at this time. The Company is making this disclosure for informational purposes.
| F-49 |
MR. MANGO, LLC AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO UNAUDITED INTERIM CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
JANUARY 1, 2022 THROUGH JUNE 30, 2022
13. REVENUES
The company generates revenue primarily through the sale of physical and digital product, licensing and royalties, and certain services, including production and marketing services. In accordance with ASC 606, the following table represents a disaggregation of the Company’s revenue for the six-month period ending June 30, 2022:
| For the six-month period ending June 30, 2022 | % | |||||||
| Physical product sales | $ | 7,275,915 | 15 | % | ||||
| Digital product sales | 3,442,275 | 7 | % | |||||
| Licensing and royalty | 14,442,624 | 30 | % | |||||
| Services | 22,350,167 | 47 | % | |||||
| Other | 697,228 | 1 | % | |||||
| Net sales | $ | 48,208,209 | 100 | % | ||||
In accordance with ASC 606, the following table represents a disaggregation of the Company’s revenue for the six months ending June 30, 2022, which is recognized over time:
| Deferred revenue rollforward for the six-month period ending June 30, 2022 | ||||||||||||||||
| Beginning Balance | New Transactions | Revenue | Ending Balance | |||||||||||||
| Physical product | $ | 1,997,343 | $ | 263,722 | $ | (1,580,312 | ) | $ | 680,753 | |||||||
| Licensing and royalties | 3,642,657 | 2,692,000 | (3,499,154 | ) | 2,835,503 | |||||||||||
| Services | 5,640,313 | 20,758,528 | (16,687,067 | ) | 9,711,774 | |||||||||||
| $ | 11,280,313 | $ | 23,714,250 | $ | (21,766,533 | ) | $ | 13,228,030 | ||||||||
The Company engages in kickstarter campaigns that generate revenue on unfulfilled campaigns. The Company classifies these revenues as deferred and recognizes the revenue at the point the campaign reaches fulfillment. The average length of a Kickstarter is fifteen months.
Future annual revenues from deferred revenues are as follows:
| 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 | 2026 | ||||||||||||||
| $ | 8,218,324 | $ | 1,592,881 | $ | 609,547 | $ | 542,881 | $ | 316,680 | |||||||||
14. EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLAN
The Company maintains a 401(k) retirement plan (the “Plan”) that covers eligible employees of the Company. Under the terms of the Plan, employees may make voluntary contributions, subject to certain limitations, and the Company may make discretionary contributions to the Plan. The Company contributed $135,187 for the six-month period ending June 30, 2022, which is included in operating expenses on the accompanying consolidated statements of income and comprehensive income. The contributions represent 100% match of the employee’s 401(k) contributions after three months of employment, based on contributions up to 4%.
| F-50 |
MR. MANGO, LLC AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO UNAUDITED INTERIM CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
JANUARY 1, 2022 THROUGH JUNE 30, 2022
15. SUBSEQUENT EVENTS
The Company evaluated subsequent events that occurred from July 1, 2022 through the date of the independent auditor’s report, which is the date that the consolidated financial statements were available to be issued, and determined that there were no subsequent events or transactions that required recognition or disclosure in the consolidated financial statements, except as noted below:
In August 2022, the Company entered into a multi-tranche investment and made the first tranche payment of $2,000,000 in Mega Cat Studios, a private video game development company. Game development resources are extremely tight, so this investment allows the Company to lock in future product flow more reliably
.
In September 2022 we created a new subsidiary, Skybound Japan. The purpose of this entity is to explore opportunities in Anime TV development.
In August 2022, the Company paid $2,702,429 for the third tranche of its investment in 5th Planet Games, increasing the Company ownership to 47.1% (see note 6).
On October 24, 2022 the managing members approved a forward unit split for which 7.18732 units will be exchanged for each Common and Preferred unit held. All units and related amounts have been retroactively restated for all periods presented.
| F-51 |
Index to Exhibits/Description of Exhibits
Exhibit Number |
Description | |
| 1.1 | Engagement Agreement with OpenDeal Broker LLC* | |
| 2.1 | Sixth Amended and Restated Limited Liability Operating Agreement | |
| 2.2 | First Amendment to the Sixth Amended and Restated Limited Liability Operating Agreement | |
2.3 |
Second Amendment to the Sixth Amended and Restated Limited Liability Operating Agreement | |
| 2.4 | Third Amendment to the Sixth Amended and Restated Limited Liability Operating Agreement | |
| 3.1 | Warrant to Purchase Shares of Common between Bumbio LLC, Skybound Interactive, LLC, and Scopely, Inc.* | |
4.1 |
Subscription Agreement* | |
| 6.1 | Secured Loan Agreement between Mr. Mango LLC and Ian Howe* | |
| 6.2 | Investment Agreement between 5th Planet Games A/S and Skybound Game Studios, Inc.* | |
| 6.3 | Master Agreement between East West Bank and Skybound Game Studios* | |
| 11.1 | Consent of dbbmckennon | |
| 12.1 | Legal Opinion of Ross Law Group, PLLC* |
* To be filed by amendment.
| 31 |
| 32 |
Exhibit 2.1
SIXTH AMENDED AND RESTATED
LIMITED LIABILITY COMPANY OPERATING AGREEMENT
OF
MR. MANGO LLC
A DELAWARE LIMITED LIABILITY COMPANY
Dated as of June 4, 2021
THE SECURITIES REPRESENTED BY THIS AGREEMENT HAVE NOT BEEN REGISTERED UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933 NOR REGISTERED OR QUALIFIED UNDER ANY STATE SECURITIES LAWS. SUCH SECURITIES MAY NOT BE OFFERED FOR SALE, SOLD, DELIVERED AFTER SALE, TRANSFERRED, PLEDGED OR HYPOTHECATED UNLESS REGISTERED AND QUALIFIED UNDER APPLICABLE FEDERAL AND STATE SECURITIES LAWS OR UNLESS, IN THE OPINION OF COUNSEL SATISFACTORY TO THE COMPANY, SUCH REGISTRATION AND QUALIFICATION IS NOT REQUIRED. ANY TRANSFER OF THE SECURITIES REPRESENTED BY THIS AGREEMENT IS FURTHER SUBJECT TO OTHER RESTRICTIONS, THE TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF WHICH ARE SET FORTH IN THIS AGREEMENT.
| -1- |
SIXTH AMENDED AND RESTATED
LIMITED LIABILITY COMPANY OPERATING AGREEMENT
OF MR. MANGO LLC,
A DELAWARE LIMITED LIABILITY COMPANY
THIS SIXTH AMENDED AND RESTATED LIMITED LIABILITY COMPANY OPERATING AGREEMENT (this “Agreement”) is made and entered into and effective as of June 4, 2021 (the “Effective Date”) by and between the Persons set forth on Exhibit A attached hereto, with reference to the following facts:
A. On December 14, 2016, a Certificate of Formation for Mr. Mango LLC (the “Company”), a limited liability company formed under the laws of the State of Delaware, was filed with the Secretary of State and the Members at the time of such filing (the “Initial Members”) entered into the first limited liability company operating agreement for the Company (the “Initial Operating Agreement”).
B. On May 8, 2017, the Members at the time amended and restated the Initial Operating Agreement to, among other things, specially allocate profits and losses between the Members (such amended and restated limited liability company operating agreement, the “Amended and Restated Operating Agreement”).
C. On July 1, 2018, (i) Goldman contributed his membership interests in Bumbio, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, and Itchy Water, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, in exchange for an Interest and (ii) the Members at the time amended and restated the Amended and Restated Operating Agreement to, among other things, admit Goldman as a Member of the Company. Such amended and restated limited liability company operating agreement shall be referred to herein as the “Second Amended and Restated Operating Agreement.”
D. In accordance with oral agreements made prior to March 15, 2019, the Members at the time amended and restated the Second Amended and Restated Operating Agreement in order to implement a “Catchup” feature with respect to the Members’ Interests such that all Members will have equal participation in connection with a Sale Transaction (as defined in the Third Amended and Restated Operating Agreement), to the extent there is adequate appreciation in the value of the Company. Such amended and restated limited liability company operating agreement shall be referred to herein as the “Third Amended and Restated Operating Agreement.”
E. On July 1, 2019, the Members at the time amended and restated the Third Amended and Restated Operating Agreement in order to, among other things, reflect the adoption of the Option Plan and to reflect the filing of an IRS Form 8832 Entity Classification Election with the Internal Revenue Service on July 1, 2019 to treat the Company as a corporation for federal and state income taxation purposes. Such amended and restated limited liability company operating agreement shall be referred to herein as the “Fourth Amended and Restated Operating Agreement.”
F. On November 26, 2019, the Members at the time amended and restated the Fourth Amended and Restated Operating Agreement in order to, among other things, reflect the issuance of Series A Preferred Interests to the Series A Preferred Members. Such amended and restated limited liability company operating agreement shall be referred to herein as the “Fifth Amended and Restated Operating Agreement.”
| -2- |
G. On the date hereof, the Members desire to amend and restate the Fifth Amended and Restated Operating Agreement on the terms set forth herein in order to, among other things, issue Series B Preferred Interests to the Series B Preferred Members as set forth on Exhibit A hereto.
NOW, THEREFORE, the parties to this Agreement set forth the sixth amended and restated limited liability company operating agreement for the Company upon the terms and conditions contained herein.
Article 1
DEFINITIONS
When used in this Agreement, the following terms shall have the meanings set forth below:
1.1. “Act” means the Delaware Limited Liability Company Act, 6 Del. Code § 18-101 et seq., as amended and in effect from time to time.
1.2. “Affiliate” means, when used with reference to a specified Person, (i) any Person directly or indirectly controlling, controlled by or under common control with such Person, and (ii) any trust established for the sole benefit of the Person or any spouse, child or grandchild of the Person and under which the Person is a trustee. For purposes hereof “control” means the possession, directly or indirectly, of the power to direct or cause the direction of the management and policies of such Person, whether through the ownership of voting securities, by contract or otherwise.
1.3. “Alpert” means David Alpert.
1.4. “Alpert Trust” means the Peanut & Pookie Family Trust Under Trust Agreement Dated May 30, 2012.
1.5. “Available Cash Flow” means, with respect to any Fiscal Year or other period, the sum of all cash receipts of the Company from any and all sources, less all cash disbursements and a reasonable allowance for Reserves, contingencies and anticipated obligations as determined by the Board in its sole discretion.
1.6. “Board” means the board of Managers of the Company appointed by the Members in accordance with the provisions of this Agreement.
1.7. “Business Day” means any day other than a Saturday or Sunday or a day on which the Federal Reserve Bank of New York is closed.
1.8. “Capital Contribution” means the total amount of cash and the agreed fair market value (net of liabilities) contributed to the Company by that Member and any subsequent contributions of cash and the agreed fair market value (net of liabilities) of any other property subsequently contributed to the Company by that Member.
1.9. “Capital Member” means a Member other than an Incentive Plan Member.
| -3- |
1.10. “Capital Transaction” means (i) any sale or other disposition of all or substantially all of the assets of the Company (other than in the ordinary course of business), or (ii) any sale of the Company (whether by merger, consolidation, recapitalization, reorganization, sale of securities or otherwise) in one transaction or series of related transactions to a Person or Persons whose securities are not owned directly or indirectly, in whole or in part, by any Member or any Permitted Transferee of any Member and that acquires at least fifty percent (50%) of the Interests, provided, however, that neither the Transfer from any Member to a Permitted Transferee nor any internal reorganization of the Company shall be deemed to be a Capital Transaction. For the avoidance of doubt, a Capital Transaction shall constitute a Deemed Liquidation Event hereunder.
1.11. “Cause” means (i) a material breach or material violation of this Agreement or any other written agreement with the Company; (ii) a substantial and repeated disregard of lawful and reasonable instructions of the Company reasonably related to duties to the Company; (iii) the commission or attempted commission of an act of fraud, misappropriation or embezzlement against the Company which has or would reasonably be expected to have a material adverse effect on the Company; and (iv) being convicted of, or having pleaded guilty or nolo contendere to, a felony (other than a traffic violation by reason of vicarious liability) or a misdemeanor involving moral turpitude. The Company shall provide the applicable Member or other Person, as applicable, with written notice of the applicable “Cause” event, and (with respect to the occurrence of the events described in subsections (i) or (ii) above), such Member or other Person shall have ten (10) days to cure such “Cause” event to the extent such event is capable of cure.
1.12. “Certificate of Formation” means the certificate of formation filed with the Secretary of State on December 14, 2016 for the purpose of forming the Company, as amended from time to time.
1.13. “Code” means the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended from time to time (or any corresponding provision or provisions of any succeeding law).
1.14. “Company Covered Person” means, with respect to the Company as an “issuer” for purposes of Rule 506 promulgated under the Securities Act, any Person listed in the first paragraph of Rule 506(d)(1).
1.15. “Deemed Liquidation Event” means (i) any merger, consolidation, recapitalization or sale of the Company, transfer of Interests or other transaction or series of transactions in which the Members and their Permitted Transferees immediately prior to such transaction do not own and control a majority of the voting power represented by the outstanding equity of the surviving entity after the closing of such transaction, (ii) a sale, exclusive license or other transfer or disposition of all or substantially all of the Company’s and its Subsidiaries’ assets (determined on a consolidated basis) to any Person, or (iii) a dissolution and winding up of the Company pursuant to Article 8.
1.16. “Disabled or Disability” means, with respect to any Member, that such Member is unable, as a result of any medically determinable physical or mental disease or impairment, to discharge with or without reasonable accommodation the essential functions of such Member’s management duties for the Company for a continuous period of 90 days or a cumulative period of 120 days during any 150 day period; provided, however, for purposes of applying Section 6.3.1 and Section 6.3.4, Alpert and Kirkman shall be treated as the Members for purposes of this definition, rather than the Alpert Trust and Kirkman Trust, respectively. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein, a Member shall be deemed Disabled as of the last day of the applicable period set forth in the immediately preceding sentence. The determination of whether a Member is Disabled shall be made by a licensed physician reasonably acceptable to the Members, and all costs incurred in connection therewith shall be paid by the Company.
1.17. “Disqualified Designee” means any Manager designee to whom any Disqualification Event is applicable, except for a Disqualification Event as to which Rule 506(d)(2)(ii) or (iii) or (d)(3) is applicable.
| -4- |
1.18. “Disqualification Event” means a “bad actor” disqualifying event described in Rule 506(d)(1)(i)-(viii) promulgated under the Securities Act.
1.19. “Dissolution” means when used with reference to any entity (including the Company), the earliest of (i) the date upon which such entity is terminated under the Act, any similar provision enacted in lieu thereof or any similar provision of corporate, partnership, limited liability company or trust law, (ii) the date upon which such entity ceases to be a going concern, or (iii) the date of any bankruptcy, insolvency, assignment for the benefit of creditors or similar act or occurrence involving such entity.
1.20. “Domestic Transfer” means (i) with respect to a Member, a dissolution of a marriage or domestic partnership or other division of marital property or domestic partnership property, or (ii) the death of the Member’s spouse or domestic partner under circumstances in which the Member does not succeed to the spouse’s or domestic partner’s interest (if any) in any Interests; provided, however, for purposes of applying this definition, Section 6.3.2, and Section 6.3.4, Alpert and Kirkman shall be deemed to be the Member and Domestic Transferor rather than Alpert Trust and Kirkman Trust, respectively, where applicable.
1.21. “Economic Interest” means a Person’s right to receive distributions from the Company, but expressly excluding any other rights of a Member including, without limitation, the right to vote or to participate in the management of the Company, or any right to information concerning the business and affairs of the Company.
1.22. “Fiscal Year” means the Company’s fiscal year, which shall be the calendar year.
1.23. “Goldman” means Jon Goldman.
1.24. “Headquarters” means the property located at 9570 W. Pico Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90035, in addition to the adjacent parking lot.
1.25. “Implied Enterprise Value” means the total aggregate proceeds actually received by the Company or its Members in a Deemed Liquidation Event plus all indebtedness of the Company and its Subsidiaries.
1.26. “Incentive Plan Member” means any Member who exercised an Option to purchase an Incentive Plan Interest under the Option Plan.
1.27. “Information Rights Member” means (i) any Skybound Member, (ii) any Series A Preferred Member who owns a number of Series A Preferred Interests equal to at least twenty five percent (25%) of the total number of Series A Preferred Interests issued during the Series A Round to all Series A Preferred Members (as equitably adjusted for any Interest dividends, splits, combinations, reorganizations, or similar transactions involving the Company’s outstanding equity), or (iii) any Series B Preferred Member who owns a number of Series B Preferred Interests equal to at least twenty five percent (25%) of the total number of Series B Preferred Interests issued during the Series B Round to all Series B Preferred Members (as equitably adjusted for any Interest dividends, splits, combinations, reorganizations, or similar transactions involving the Company’s outstanding equity).
1.28. “Involuntary Transfer” means, as applicable, the Transfer of Interests pursuant to or resulting from (i) the attachment, sequestration, garnishment, foreclosure of Interests or other involuntary Transfer of Interests resulting from any proceeding, including a bankruptcy or insolvency proceeding, affecting such Member or (ii) the involuntary dissolution of any Member which is not an individual.
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1.29. “IPO” means the Company’s first underwritten public offering of its Common Interests under the Securities Act at a per-Interest price of at least two (2) times the Series B Original Issue Price (as equitably adjusted for any Interest dividends, splits, combinations, reorganizations, or similar transactions involving the Company’s outstanding equity) and resulting in at least $100,000,000 in proceeds to the Company, net of the underwriting discount and commissions.
1.30. “Kirkman” means Robert Kirkman.
1.31. “Kirkman Trust” means The Kirkman Family 2014 Trust Under Trust Agreement Dated October 27, 2014.
1.32. “Lead Series A Investor” means Com2uS Corporation or a Permitted Transferee of Com2uS Corporation.
1.33. “Lead Series A Investor Change of Control” means a transaction or series of transactions resulting in (i) the acquisition of the Lead Series A Investor by means of any transaction (including, without limitation, any reorganization, merger or consolidation) that results in the equity holders of the Lead Series A Investor immediately prior to the transaction holding less than a majority of the equity of the Lead Series A Investor or the applicable surviving and/or successor entity immediately following such transaction, or (ii) a sale of all or substantially all of the assets of the Lead Series A Investor; provided, that in the case of subclause (i) the holder(s) of a majority of the equity of the Lead Series A Investor or the applicable surviving and/or successor entity immediately following such transaction is not a competitor of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or an Affiliate of a competitor of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, and in the case of subclause (ii) the purchaser(s) of the assets of the Lead Series A Investor is not a competitor of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or an Affiliate of a competitor of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries.
1.34. “Lead Series B Investor” means Knollwood Investment Fund LLC or a Permitted Transferee of Knollwood Investment Fund LLC, in each case, to the extent that such Person holds Series B Preferred Interests.
1.35. “Lead Series B Investor Change of Control” means a transaction or series of transactions resulting in (i) the acquisition of the Lead Series B Investor by means of any transaction (including, without limitation, any reorganization, merger or consolidation) that results in the equity holders of the Lead Series B Investor immediately prior to the transaction holding less than a majority of the equity of the Lead Series B Investor or the applicable surviving and/or successor entity immediately following such transaction, or (ii) a sale of all or substantially all of the assets of the Lead Series B Investor; provided, that in the case of subclause (i) the holder(s) of a majority of the equity of the Lead Series B Investor or the applicable surviving and/or successor entity immediately following such transaction is not a competitor of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or an Affiliate of a competitor of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, and in the case of subclause (ii) the purchaser(s) of the assets of the Lead Series B Investor is not a competitor of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or an Affiliate of a competitor of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries.
1.36. “Member” means a Person who: (i) has been admitted to the Company as a member in accordance with this Agreement, or an assignee of an Interest, other than an Economic Interest, who has become a Member pursuant to Section 6.1, and (ii) has not resigned, withdrawn or been expelled as a Member or, if other than an individual, been dissolved.
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1.37. “Officer” means each person designated as an officer of the Company to whom authority and duties have been delegated pursuant to Section 5.5 and any resolution appointing such person as an officer or relating to such appointment.
1.38. “Option” means an option to purchase an Incentive Plan Interest under the Option Plan.
1.39. “Option Agreement” means a written Option Agreement pursuant to which an option to acquire an Incentive Plan Interest is granted to a Service Provider, if applicable.
1.40. “Option Plan” means the Mr. Mango LLC 2019 Equity Incentive Plan attached hereto as Exhibit C.
1.41. “Original Issue Price” means either the Series A Original Issue Price or the Series B Original Issue Price, as applicable.
1.42. “Outside Business” means, (i) with respect to Kirkman and any of his Affiliates, any business, activity or investment, (ii) with respect to Alpert and any of his Affiliates, any film or television business, activity or investment, (iii) with respect to Goldman, any equity investment or video game business, activity or investment, (iv) with respect to the Lead Series A Investor Manager, any business, activity or investment, (v) with respect to the Lead Series B Investor Manager, any business, activity or investment, and (vi) with respect to the Skybound Appointed Manager, any business activity or investment.
1.43. “Permitted Transferee” means, with respect to any Member, an Affiliate of such Member.
1.44. “Person” means any entity, corporation, company, association, joint venture, joint stock company, partnership (including a general partnership, limited partnership and limited liability partnership), limited liability company, trust, real estate investment trust, organization, individual, nation, state, government (including any agency, department, bureau, board, division and instrumentality thereof), trustee, receiver or liquidator, whether domestic or foreign.
1.45. “Principal” means, with respect to the Skybound Members, the natural Persons who are in ultimate control of any Skybound Member which is not a natural Person, including, without limitation, the trustees of any trust that owns an Interest.
1.46. “Preferred Interests” means collectively the Series A Preferred Interests and the Series B Preferred Interests.
1.47. “Preferred Liquidation Preference” means the Series A Liquidation Preference or the Series B Liquidation Preference, as applicable.
1.48. “Preferred Member” means a Member holding Series A Preferred Interests and/or Series B Preferred Interests.
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1.49. “Pro Rata Share” means, with respect to a Member, the percentage of all outstanding Interests (treating all Preferred Interests as if they had converted into Common Interests) owned by such Member.
1.50. “Property” means all assets of the Company, both tangible and intangible, or any portion thereof.
1.51. “Regulations” means the federal income tax regulations promulgated under the Code, as such regulations may be amended from time to time. All references herein to a specific section of the Regulations shall be deemed also to refer to any corresponding provisions of succeeding Regulations.
1.52. “Reserves” means funds set aside from Capital Contributions or revenues as reserves, in each case, determined in the good faith judgment of the Board. Such Reserves shall be maintained in amounts deemed sufficient by the Board in its sole discretion for working capital and the payment of taxes, insurance, debt service, repairs, replacements, renewals, or other costs or expenses incident to the business and operations of the Company, or in the alternative, the Dissolution of the Company.
1.53. “Rule 506(d) Related Party” means, with respect to any Person, any other Person that is a beneficial owner of such first Person’s securities for purposes of Rule 506(d) under the Securities Act.
1.54. “Secretary of State” means the office of the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware.
1.55. “Securities Act” means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended from time to time, or any succeeding law.
1.56. “Series A Liquidation Preference” means, an amount equal to $2,083.33.
1.57. “Series A Original Issue Price” means, $2,083.33.
1.58. “Series A Preferred Member” means a holder of record of Series A Preferred Interests.
1.59. “Series A Round” means the time period from November 26, 2019 to December 30, 2020.
1.60. “Series B Original Issue Date” means the date on which the first Series B Preferred Interest was issued.
1.61. “Series B Original Issue Price” means, $2,086.58.
1.62. “Series B Preferred Member” means a holder of record of Series B Preferred Interests.
1.63. “Series B Round” means the time period from June 4, 2021 to December 4, 2021.
1.64. “Service Provider” has the meaning set forth in the Option Plan.
1.65. “Skybound Member” means the Alpert Trust, the Kirkman Trust and Goldman (and any Permitted Transferees of the foregoing), so long as they remain a Member.
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1.66. “Subsidiary” means, with respect to a specified Person, any corporation or other Person of which securities or other interests having the power to elect a majority of that corporation’s or other Person’s board of directors or similar governing body, or otherwise having the power to direct the business and policies of that corporation or other Person (other than securities or other interests having such power only upon the happening of a contingency that has not occurred) are held by the specified Person or one or more of its Subsidiaries.
| Other Defined Terms | Section | |
| Agreement | Preamble | |
| Amended and Restated Operating Agreement | Recitals | |
| Appointed Managers | 5.2 | |
| Authorized Agent | 10.26.3 | |
| Board Consent | 5.2.1 | |
| Call Notice | 6.3.1 | |
| Closing | 6.3.5 | |
| Common Interests | 3.1 | |
| Company | Recitals | |
| Confidential Information | 7.3 | |
| Continuing Member Pro Rata Share | 6.3.1 | |
| Continuing Skybound Members | 6.3.1 | |
| Conversion Price | 9.1.5 | |
| Conversion Rate | 9.1.5 | |
| Domestic Transferor | 6.3.2 | |
| Domestic Transfer Notice | 6.3.2 | |
| Drag-along Holders | 6.6.1 | |
| Drag-along Interests | 6.6.1 | |
| Drag-along Notice | 6.6.1 | |
| Drag-along Sale | 6.6.1 | |
| Drag-along Sale Price | 6.6.1 | |
| Failed Sale | 6.7.5 | |
| Fifth Amended and Restated Operating Agreement | Recitals | |
| Fourth Amended and Restated Operating Agreement | Recitals | |
| Incentive Plan Interests | 3.1 | |
| Indemnitees | 5.9.1 | |
| Initial Operating Agreement | Recitals | |
| Initial Consideration | 9.3.2 | |
| Insurance Proceeds | 6.3.7 | |
| Interest | 3.1 | |
| Lead Series A Investor Manager | 5.2 | |
| Lead Series B Investor Manager | 5.2 | |
| Liquidator | 8.2.2 | |
| Manager | 5.2 | |
| Most Recent Valuation | 6.3.4 | |
| New Senior Securities | 6.4 | |
| Participating Tag Members | 6.5.2 | |
| PR Purchase Right | 6.4.1 | |
| Prohibited Transfer | 6.5.7 | |
| ROFO Election Notice | 6.7.2 | |
| ROFO Non-Transferring Member | 6.7.1 | |
| ROFO Offered Interests | 6.7.1 | |
| ROFO Prevailing Election Notice | 6.7.3 |
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| ROFO Revised Election Notice | 6.7.3 | |
| ROFO Revised Offer Period | 6.7.3 | |
| ROFO Right | 6.7.2 | |
| ROFO Sale Notice | 6.7.1 | |
| ROFO Transferring Member | 6.7.1 | |
| ROFR Non-Purchasing Members | 6.2 | |
| ROFR Offered Interests | 6.2 | |
| ROFR Purchase Notice | 6.2 | |
| ROFR Selling Member | 6.2 | |
| ROFR Transfer Notice | 6.2 | |
| Required Valuation Date | 6.3.4 | |
| Second Amended and Restated Operating Agreement | Recitals | |
| Series A Preferred Interests | 3.1 | |
| Series A Conversion Price | 9.1.5 | |
| Series B Preferred Interests | 3.1 | |
| Series B Conversion Price | 9.1.5 | |
| Skybound Appointed Manager | 5.2 | |
| Skybound Manager | 5.2 | |
| Skybound Pro Rata Share | 6.2 | |
| Special Preferred Member Approval | 5.2.5 | |
| Special Series B Preferred Member Approval | 5.3 | |
| Special Skybound Board Approval | 5.2.3 | |
| Special Skybound Member Approval | 5.2.4 | |
| Specified Indemnitors | 5.9.4 | |
| Tag-along Notice | 6.5.1 | |
| Tag-along Notice Period | 6.5.1 | |
| Tag-along Sale | 6.5.1 | |
| Tag-along Sale Price | 6.5.1 | |
| Tag Members | 6.5.1 | |
| Third Amended and Restated Operating Agreement | Recitals | |
| Transfer | 6.1 | |
| Transferring Member | 6.5.1 | |
| Transferring Skybound Member | 6.3.1 |
Article 2
ORGANIZATIONAL MATTERS
2.1. Formation of the Company. The Initial Members formed the Company pursuant to the provisions of the Act by filing the Certificate of Formation with the Secretary of State and entering into the Initial Operating Agreement.
2.2. Name. The name of the Company shall be “Mr. Mango LLC.” The Company shall be operated under such name or, upon compliance with applicable laws, any other name that the Board deems appropriate or advisable. The Company shall file any fictitious name certificates and similar filings, and any amendments thereto, that the Board considers appropriate or advisable.
2.3. Term. The term of the existence of the Company shall be perpetual, commencing on the date of the filing of the Certificate of Formation with the Secretary of State, unless the Company is terminated or dissolved in accordance with the provisions of this Agreement.
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2.4. Business and Purpose of the Company. The purpose of the Company is to engage in any lawful act or activity for which a limited liability company may be organized under the Act.
2.5. Principal Place of Business. The Company’s principal place of business shall be located at 9570 W. Pico Blvd, Los Angeles, California 90035, or at such other place within the State of California determined by the Board.
2.6. Authorized Person. The Managers are the designated “authorized persons” and shall continue as the designated “authorized person”, acting singly, or together, within the meaning of the Act, to execute, deliver and file any amendments or restatements of the Certificate of Formation or any certificate of cancellation of the Certificate of Formation.
2.7. Registered Agent. The name and address of the Company’s registered agent in the State of Delaware are as follows:
Paracorp Incorporated
2140 S. Dupont Highway
Camden, Delaware 19934
Article 3
MEMBERS, CAPITAL CONTRIBUTIONS
3.1. Members and Membership Interests. The limited liability company equity interests in the Company shall be expressed as interests (each such interest, a “Interest”). Each Interest represents an ownership interest in the Company, which includes the Economic Interest, the right to vote or participate in the management of the Company (if applicable), and the right to information concerning the business and affairs of the Company (if applicable), as provided in this Agreement, under the Act, and, with respect to an Incentive Plan Interest, the terms of such Incentive Plan Interest and/or the Option Agreement granting such Incentive Plan Interest (if applicable). There are currently four (4) classes of Interests, which are referred to herein as “Common Interests”, “Series A Preferred Interests”, “Series B Preferred Interests” and “Incentive Plan Interests”. The name, current mailing address, the number of Interests and class of Interests held by each Member are set forth on Exhibit A. The Board shall amend Exhibit A, and promptly deliver a copy of such amended Exhibit A to each Member, to the extent necessary to accurately reflect the then current mailing addresses, and the number of Interests held by each Member of the Company from time to time.
3.2. Incentive Plan Interest. The Board may grant Incentive Plan Interests to Service Providers. An Incentive Plan Interest is a non-voting Interest as a Member of the Company that was purchased by a Member pursuant to the Option Plan and the Option Agreement with respect to such Member. Upon grant of an Incentive Plan Interest, the Board shall establish all relevant terms (including vesting criteria) for such Option, as the Board determines in its sole discretion, and may memorialize such relevant terms in an Option Agreement granting such Option. The exercise of an Option to purchase an Incentive Plan Interest shall dilute each Member’s Pro Rata Shares pro rata in proportion to the Members’ Pro Rata Shares prior to the exercise of such Option. The Board shall promptly amend Exhibit A and deliver a copy of such amended Exhibit A to each Member promptly following any exercise of an Option or other issuance of any Interests.
3.2.1. The Company and each Member intend that any and all Incentive Plan Interests received by a Service Provider are received in exchange for provision of services by the Service Provider to or for the benefit of the Company in the Service Provider’s capacity as a Member (or in anticipation of becoming a Member).
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3.2.2. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein, the holders of an Option or Incentive Plan Interest shall not be entitled to vote on any matter coming before the Members. Any reference in this Agreement to a vote of the Members shall mean a vote by the holders of Interests that are not Incentive Plan Interests.
3.2.3. The holders of Incentive Plan Interests waive any and all rights to receive information pertaining to the Company and its Subsidiaries (as well as their respective businesses and operations) and access to their respective books and records to the greatest extent permitted by the Act and any other applicable law (including Section 18-305 of the Act).
3.2.4. If a Service Provider that receives an Incentive Plan Interest makes an election under Code Section 83(b) with respect to such Incentive Plan Interest, he, she or it shall promptly provide a copy to the Company.
3.3. Initial Capital Contributions. The Members have each contributed the initial Capital Contribution amount set forth on Exhibit A.
3.4. Additional Capital Contributions. No Member shall have the right or obligation to make any additional Capital Contributions to the Company.
3.5. No Interest. Except as otherwise specified in this Agreement, no Member shall be entitled to receive any interest on his, her or its Capital Contributions or capital account.
3.6. Action by Members.
3.6.1. Power of the Members. Except as otherwise specifically provided herein, no Member in his, her or its capacity as a Member shall (a) take part in the management of the Company, (b) transact any business on behalf of the Company, or (c) have any power or authority to bind the Company.
3.6.2. Meetings of Members. There is no requirement to hold annual or other meetings of the Members. Meetings of the Members may be called by the Board or by Members holding at least forty percent (40%) of the outstanding Common Interests (determined on an as-converted into Common Interest basis). Such meetings shall be held at the place, date and time that the Person(s) calling such meeting shall designate in the notice of the meeting. Members may participate in any meeting through the use of conference telephones or similar communication equipment as long as all Members participating can hear one another. A Member so participating is deemed to be present in person at the meeting. Except as otherwise provided herein, action at any meeting of the Members with respect to the Company requires the affirmative vote of Members holding Interests representing more than fifty percent (50%) of the outstanding Common Interests (determined on an as-converted into Common Interest basis).
3.6.3. Notice of Meeting. At least five (5) Business Days’ prior written notice shall be given to the Members, as applicable, stating the place, date and time of the meeting, the Person calling the meeting and the purpose for which the meeting is called. Notice of a meeting need not be given to any Member who submits a signed waiver of notice, in person or by proxy, whether before, at or after the meeting. All such waivers shall be filed with the Company records or made part of the minutes of the meeting. The attendance of a Member at the meeting, whether in person or by proxy, without protesting the lack of proper notice shall constitute a waiver of notice by such Member.
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3.6.4. Action by Consent. Any action that may be taken by Members at a meeting may also be taken without a meeting, if a consent in writing setting forth the action so taken is signed by Members owning more than fifty percent (50%) of the outstanding Common Interests (determined on an as-converted into Common Interest basis), and such consent is delivered to the Board within ten (10) Business Days after the date of the earliest signature to such consent. Consents may be signed in counterparts. The Company shall retain such consents with the books and records of the Company and shall notify all Members of the action so taken.
3.7. Representations and Warranties of Members. Each Member represents and warrants to the Company and the other Members as follows:
3.7.1. Investment. The Interest issued to the Member was acquired or is being acquired (as applicable) for investment for the Member’s own account, not as a nominee or agent, and not with a view to or for sale in connection with the distribution thereof.
3.7.2. Sophistication. The Member has such knowledge and experience in financial and business matters as to be capable of evaluating the merits and risks of the Member’s investment in the Interest; the Member has the ability to bear the economic risks of such investment; the Member has the capacity to protect its own interests in connection with its investment; and the Member has had an opportunity to ask questions and to obtain such financial and other information regarding the Company as the Member deems necessary or appropriate in connection with evaluating the merits of the investment in the Interest. The Member acknowledges that the Interests have not been and will not be registered under the Securities Act or under any state or foreign securities act and may not be transferred except in compliance with the Securities Act and all applicable state and foreign laws.
3.7.3. Accredited Investor. The Member qualifies as an “accredited investor” within the meaning of Regulation D promulgated under the Securities Act.
Article 4
DISTRIBUTIONS
4.1. Distributions. Subject to applicable law and any limitations contained elsewhere in this Agreement, the Board shall from time to time, in its sole discretion, distribute Available Cash Flow, if at all, to the Members in proportion to each Member’s Pro Rata Share. All such distributions under this Section 4.1 shall be made only to the Persons who, according to the books and records of the Company, are the holders of the Economic Interests in respect of which such distributions are made on the actual date of distribution.
4.2. Form of Distribution. A Member, regardless of the nature of the Member’s Capital Contribution, has no right to demand and receive any distribution from the Company in any form other than money. No Member may be compelled to accept from the Company a distribution of any asset in kind in lieu of a proportionate distribution of money being made to other Members.
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4.3. Restrictions on Distributions. Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, a Member may not receive a distribution to the extent that, at the time of the distribution, after giving effect to the Distribution, all liabilities of the Company (other than to Members on account of their Interests and liabilities for which the recourse of creditors is limited to specified property of the Company) exceed the fair market value of the assets of the Company (except that property that is subject to a liability for which the recourse of the creditors is limited to such property shall be included in the assets of the Company only to the extent the fair market value of such property exceeds that liability.
4.4. Return of Distributions. Except for distributions made in violation of the Act or this Agreement, no Member or holder of an Economic Interest shall be obligated to return any distribution to the Company or pay the amount of any distribution for the account of the Company or to any creditor of the Company. Any such distribution shall instead be treated as an advance of (and reduce) any distribution with respect to such Member or holder of an Economic Interest is entitled to in accordance with this Agreement.
4.5. No Return of Capital Contributions or Priorities of Members. Except as otherwise specified in this Agreement or as a result of the dissolution or liquidation of the Company, no Member shall have the right to withdraw, demand return of or reduce its contributions to the capital of the Company. Except as otherwise specified in this Agreement, no Member shall have priority over any other Members as to return of Capital Contributions or distributions from the Company.
4.6. Amounts Withheld. All amounts withheld pursuant to the Code, the Regulations, or any provision of any state or local tax law with respect to any payment or distribution to the Company or the Members shall be treated as amounts distributed to the Members pursuant to this Article 4 for all purposes under this Agreement. The Board may allocate any such amounts among the Members in any manner that is in accordance with applicable law.
Article 5
MEMBERSHIP AND MANAGEMENT
5.1. Limited Liability. Except as required under the Act, no Member shall be personally liable for any debt, obligation or liability of the Company, whether that liability or obligation arises in contract, tort or otherwise.
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5.2. Management. Except as otherwise expressly set forth herein, the management and control of the Company and its business shall initially be vested in the Board, who shall have all of the rights, powers and authority generally conferred under the Act or other applicable law, on behalf and in the name of the Company, to carry out any and all of the business and affairs of the Company and to perform all acts and enter into, perform, negotiate and execute any and all licenses, assignments, leases, documents, contracts and agreements on behalf of the Company that are necessary or desirable. The Board shall make major decisions for the Company and shall be able to carry out and execute any and all of the business and affairs of the Company and to perform all acts and enter into, perform, negotiate and execute any and all licenses, assignments, leases, documents, contracts and agreements on behalf of the Company that are necessary or desirable. The Board shall consist of six (6) managers (each a “Manager”), subject to Section 5.2.5.4. Each Skybound Member shall appoint one Manager to the Board (each, a “Skybound Manager”). The Skybound Members shall appoint one (1) additional Manager to the Board, who shall not be considered a Skybound Manager for purposes of this Agreement (the “Skybound Appointed Manager”). For so long as the Lead Series A Investor owns at least one-third of the Series A Preferred Interests that the Lead Series A Investor initially purchased in the Company (as equitably adjusted for any Interest dividends, splits, combinations, reorganizations, or similar transactions involving the Company’s outstanding equity), the Lead Series A Investor shall appoint one (1) Manager to the Board (the “Lead Series A Investor Manager”). If the Lead Series A Investor loses its right to appoint the Lead Series A Investor Manager, the Members by a majority vote shall have the right to appoint one (1) Manager, but such Manager will not have any of the rights specifically applicable to the Lead Series A Investor Manager. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary, the Lead Series A Investor’s right to appoint the Lead Series A Investor Manager is not transferable to any other Person, except a Permitted Transferee and as set forth in the previous sentence. The Lead Series B Investor shall have the right to appoint one (1) Manager to the Board (the “Lead Series B Investor Manager” and, together with the Lead Series A Investor Manager, the Skybound Managers and the Skybound Appointed Manager, the “Appointed Managers”). If the Lead Series B Investor does not invest at least 50% of its pro rata allocation in subsequent financing rounds, then the Company shall have the option to replace the Lead Series B Manager originally appointed by the Lead Series B Investor with the Lead Series B Investor’s consent, with such consent to not be unreasonably withheld, delayed or conditioned. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary, the Lead Series B Investor’s right to appoint the Lead Series B Investor Manager is not transferable to any other Person, except a Permitted Transferee and as set forth in the previous sentence. Upon an IPO, the Lead Series B Investor shall automatically lose its right to designate the Lead Series B Investor Manager. The Lead Series B Investor Manager shall have the right to serve on each committee of the Board. The Managers shall initially be Alpert, Kirkman, Goldman, Kevin D. Irwin, Jr. and Byung Joon Song, who shall manage, operate and run the Company, and shall have voting rights with respect to certain other matters as provided for in this Agreement and the Act. The Board will render such services as are reasonably required on an as needed basis in furtherance of the Company’s business for no additional consideration. Except as otherwise provided in this Agreement, a decision or action of the Board shall require an affirmative majority vote of the Managers or a written consent signed by the majority of the Managers.
5.2.1. The Board shall act at a meeting by affirmative vote of a majority of the votes of the Managers, insofar as required as hereinafter set forth, minutes of which meeting shall be kept in the Company’s minute book, or by written consent or consents signed by Managers necessary to take action at a meeting (including with respect to the quorum requirements specified below), which shall be kept in the Company’s minute book (such vote or written consent to be referred to as “Board Consent”). At least five (5) Business Days prior to any action taken by the Board by written consent, the Company shall provide to all Managers copies of the written consent along with all other explanatory materials that are reasonable and appropriate to inform the Managers of the action proposed to be taken. Meetings of the Board may only be called upon the request of any Manager; provided, that, no one (1) Manager may call a meeting more frequently than twice each Fiscal Year. All meetings of the Board shall be conducted at such place or places as shall be determined from time to time by the Board, whether within or without the State of Delaware. Any meeting of the Board may be held by means of a telephonic conference connection so long as all parties can hear one another, and means for such participation shall be arranged for each meeting, which shall be included in the notice of such meeting. The Manager calling the meeting shall notify, or cause notification of, each Manager of any meeting of the Board, stating the time, date and place of, the business to be transacted at or the purpose of, and an agenda for any such meeting. Such notice shall be given not less than five Business Days (or in the case of a regularly scheduled meeting, ten Business Days) nor more than 30 calendar days prior to such meeting and shall be given to each Manager personally, by telephone, email or facsimile or by any similar transmission. Notice of any Board meeting may be waived in writing by any Manager before or after any meeting. Attendance of a Manager at a meeting shall constitute a waiver of notice of such meeting and a waiver of any and all objections to the place of the meeting, the time of the meeting and the manner in which it has been called or convened, except when a Manager states, at the beginning of the meeting or promptly upon arrival at the meeting, any objection to the transaction of business because the meeting is not lawfully called or convened. Managers may vote in person or by proxy.
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5.2.2. Voting Agreement; Additional Board-Related Matters.
5.2.2.1. Each Member agrees that such Member shall vote all of such Member’s Interests and any other voting securities of the Company over which such Member has voting control and shall take all other actions reasonably necessary or desirable within such Member’s control (whether in such Member’s capacity as a member, manager, member of a board committee or officer of the Company or otherwise, and including attendance at meetings in person or by proxy for purposes of obtaining a quorum and execution of written consents in lieu of meetings) and the Company shall take all necessary and desirable actions within its control (including calling special board and member meetings), so that the Appointed Managers shall each be elected to the Board.
5.2.2.2. If, at any time, any Member fails to designate a Manager in accordance with Section 5.2, such position on the Board shall remain vacant until such Member(s) exercises his, her or its right to designate a Manager as provided hereunder.
5.2.2.3. Subject to Section 5.2.4.4, by notice to the Board, a Member may, at any time, for any reason or no reason, remove and replace any Manager designated by such Member pursuant to Section 5.2 or at any time designate a different individual to fill any vacancy, however created, among such Member’s Manager designees. As a condition precedent to the appointment of any new Manager designee, the Board may require such new Manager designee to execute a non-disclosure agreement with the Company, in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Company.
5.2.2.4. Any Manager may resign at any time. Such resignation shall be made in writing and shall take effect at the time specified therein, or if no time be specified, at the time of its receipt by the remaining Managers. The acceptance of a resignation shall not be necessary to make it effective, unless expressly so provided in the resignation.
5.2.2.5. Managers shall receive no compensation for services as such, but the Company shall reimburse each Manager for reasonable travel and reasonable out-of-pocket costs and expenses incurred in connection with that Manager’s personal attendance at duly noticed and held meetings of the Board at which such personal attendance is reasonably required and requested by the Board or the Company.
5.2.3. Special Skybound Manager Board Approval. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Agreement, the Company shall not take any of the following actions without the prior written approval of each Skybound Manager (the “Special Skybound Board Approval”):
5.2.3.1. The liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the Company or any of its material Subsidiaries or the application for the appointment of a receiver or judicial manager or like officer concerning the Company or any of its Subsidiaries;
5.2.3.2. Sell, assign, license, pledge, or encumber all or substantially all of the Company’s property; or
5.2.3.3. Agree to do any of the foregoing.
5.2.4. Special Skybound Member Approval. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein, the following acts shall require the unanimous vote or unanimous written consent of the Skybound Members (“Special Skybound Member Approval”):
5.2.4.1. Any material amendment to the Certificate of Formation or this Agreement;
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5.2.4.2. Any merger or consolidation of the Company or any of its material Subsidiaries with or into any third party, or a sale, lease, conveyance or other disposition (whether in one transaction or a series of related transactions) of all or substantially all of the equity or operating and other assets of the Company and its Subsidiaries (on a consolidated basis) to any unrelated third party;
5.2.4.3. The liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the Company or any of its material Subsidiaries or the application for the appointment of a receiver or judicial manager or like officer concerning the Company or any of its Subsidiaries;
5.2.4.4. The removal, replacement or appointment of any Skybound Manager or Skybound Appointed Manager; or
5.2.4.5. Agree to do any of the foregoing.
5.2.5. Special Preferred Member Approval. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein, so long as at least one-third of the Preferred Interests that were issued as of the end date of the Series B Round remain outstanding (as equitably adjusted for any Interest dividends, splits, combinations, reorganizations, or similar transactions involving the Company’s outstanding equity), the Company shall not take any of the following acts (whether by merger, consolidation or otherwise) without the prior written approval of the holders of at least fifty-five percent (55%) of the outstanding Preferred Interests (voting together as a single class on an as-if-converted basis) (“Special Preferred Member Approval”):
5.2.5.1. Any merger or consolidation of the Company or any of its material Subsidiaries (except for mergers, consolidations or internal reorganizations among the Company and/or any of its wholly-owned Subsidiaries), or a sale, lease, conveyance or other disposition (whether in one transaction or a series of related transactions) of at least fifty percent (50%) of the equity or operating and other assets of the Company and its Subsidiaries (on a consolidated basis);
5.2.5.2. The liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the Company or the application for the appointment of a receiver or judicial manager or like officer concerning the Company or any of its Subsidiaries;
5.2.5.3. Authorize or create any new class or series of Company securities having rights, preferences or privileges senior to the Series A Preferred Interest or the Series B Preferred Interest with respect to dividends, liquidation redemption, voting, or otherwise, or issue additional Series A Preferred Interests;
5.2.5.4. Any increase or decrease in the authorized size of the Board or change the number of votes entitled to be cast by any Manager;
5.2.5.5. Incur, create, authorize the creation of, or guarantee any debt in the aggregate (excluding the amount of any debt existing as of the date of this Agreement in association with the Headquarters or other commercial space used by the Company) in excess of twenty-five percent (25%) of the Company’s and its Subsidiaries’ revenue (on a consolidated basis) for the most recent trailing twelve (12) month period immediately prior to the date on which the Company incurs, creates, authorizes the creation of, or guarantees such debt;
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5.2.5.6. Enter into any material transaction transferring, licensing, or otherwise disposing of the Company’s material intellectual property rights (including, but not limited to, rights of sublicensing, distribution, or exploitation), except in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice, unless such transaction is approved by a majority of the entire Board, including the affirmative vote of both the Lead Series A Investor Manager and the Lead Series B Investor Manager;
5.2.5.7. Change the Company’s primary line of business;
5.2.5.8. Except as set forth in Section 5.2.5.3, amend, alter, waive, or repeal any provision of the Certificate of Formation or this Agreement in a manner that adversely affects the powers, preferences or rights of the Preferred Interests;
5.2.5.9. Purchase or redeem or pay any dividend or other distribution on any Interest, other than Interests repurchased (a) from former employees or consultants in connection with the cessation of their employment or services, at the lower of the current fair market value for such Interest as determined by the Board in good faith or the original purchase price thereof, (b) pursuant to the Company’s right of first refusal pursuant to Section 6.2, or (c) pursuant to written agreements in existence as of the Effective Date and disclosed on the disclosure schedules to the Membership Interest Purchase Agreement, dated as of the Effective Date, between the Company and the purchasers set forth therein;
5.2.5.10. Make any distribution pursuant to Section 4.1 unless such distribution is approved by a majority of the entire Board, including the affirmative vote of both the Lead Series A Investor Manager and the Lead Series B Investor Manager; or
5.2.5.11. Agree to do any of the foregoing.
5.3. Special Series B Preferred Member Approval. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein, so long as one-third of the Series B Preferred Interests issued during the Series B Round remain outstanding (as equitably adjusted for any Interest dividends, splits, combinations, reorganizations, or similar transactions involving the Company’s outstanding equity), the Company shall not take any of the following acts (whether by merger, consolidation or otherwise) without the prior written approval of the holders of a majority of the outstanding Series B Preferred Interests (“Special Series B Preferred Member Approval”):
5.3.1.1. Amend or waive any of the rights, preferences, or privileges of the Series B Preferred Interests in a manner that adversely affects the rights, preferences or privileges of the Series B Preferred Interests;
5.3.1.2. Increase or decrease the authorized Series B Preferred Interests, or issue additional Series B Preferred Interests;
5.3.1.3. Reclassify any outstanding equity securities which currently have rights, preferences, or privileges with respect to dividends, liquidation, redemption, or voting that are junior to or pari passu with the Series B Preferred Interests, in a manner that renders such rights, preferences, or privileges senior to the Series B Preferred Interests (if currently junior to or pari passu with the Series B Preferred Interests) or pari passu with the Series B Preferred Interests (if currently junior to the Series B Preferred Interests);
5.3.1.4. Require the conversion of the Series B Preferred Interests into Common Interests, except upon an IPO under Section 9.1.3; or
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5.3.1.5. Create or hold equity interests in any entity that is not majority owned and effectively controlled by the Company (whether directly or indirectly), except as approved by a majority of the entire Board, including the affirmative vote of both the Lead Series A Investor Manager and the Lead Series B Investor Manager;
5.3.1.6. Effect a Deemed Liquidation Event with an Implied Enterprise Value for the Company of less than $600,000,000.
5.4. Performance of Duties; No Fiduciary Duties; Reimbursement. The Managers shall devote to the Company only such time as may be necessary for the proper performance of the Managers’ duties. The Managers acting under this Agreement shall not be liable to the Company or any Member for the Managers’ good faith reliance on the provisions of this Agreement. The Managers shall be entitled to reimbursement by the Company for reasonable expenses incurred in connection with the performance of their duties hereunder. Each Manager shall have the same fiduciary duties as a director of a corporation under the Delaware General Corporation Law. Notwithstanding anything in this Section 5.4 or in this Agreement to the contrary, the Members acknowledge the following:
5.4.1. Each Manager or any of the Manager’s Affiliates may engage or invest in any Outside Business applicable to such Manager or any of such Manager’s Affiliates, even if the Outside Business applicable to such Manager or any of such Manager’s Affiliates directly or indirectly competes with the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, including, without limitation, each Manager and any of such Manager’s Affiliates (i) may serve as the manager or controlling Person of any entity which directly competes with the Company or any of its Subsidiaries in connection with the Outside Business applicable to such Manager or any of such Manager’s Affiliates, or (ii) render services or furnish advice to any such entity in connection with the Outside Business applicable to such Manager or any of such Manager’s Affiliates. Neither the Company, nor any Company Subsidiary, nor any Member nor any Manager shall have any right in or to activities relating to any Outside Business (other than each Manager’s rights with respect to such Manager’s Outside Business) or to the income or proceeds derived from any Outside Business (other than each Manager’s rights to with respect to such Manager’s Outside Business). Each Manager and any of such Manager’s Affiliates shall not be obligated to present any investment or business opportunity relating to the Outside Business applicable to such Manager or any of such Manager’s Affiliates to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, even if the opportunity is one that could be taken by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries. Each Manager and such Manager’s Affiliates shall have the right to hold any investment or business opportunity relating to the Outside Business applicable to such Manager or such Manager’s Affiliates for such Manager’s or any of such Manager’s Affiliate’s own account or to recommend such opportunity to Persons other than the Company or its Subsidiaries. Each Manager or any of the Manager’s Affiliates may continue to operate any business such Manager or any of such Manager’s Affiliates own, manage or participate in as of the date of this Agreement, even if such other business competes with the Company, and each Member and Manager hereby waives any and all rights and claims that such Member or Manager may otherwise have against each Manager or any of the Manager’s Affiliates for the continued operation of any business any Manager or any Manager’s Affiliates own, manage or participate in as of the date of this Agreement. The Company shall adopt and maintain a customary conflicts of interest policy, requiring at least annual disclosure by Managers and Officers of covered transactions and arrangements.
5.4.2. Nothing in Section 5.4.1 modifies or amends any other agreement (other than this Agreement) between Kirkman or his Affiliates and the Company or its Subsidiaries, including any master license agreement entered into between Kirkman or his Affiliates and the Company or its Subsidiaries.
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5.5. Officers. The Board may, from time to time, designate and appoint any Manager, Member, or other individual as an Officer of the Company. For the avoidance of doubt, no Officer need be a resident of the State of Delaware, a Member or a Manager. The Board also may assign titles (including chairman, chief executive officer, chief operations officer, president, vice president, secretary, assistant secretary, chief financial officer, treasurer, and assistant treasurer) to any Officer and may delegate to such Officer certain authority and duties. Any number of titles may be held by the same Manager, Member, or other individual. Any delegation pursuant to this Section 5.5 may be revoked at any time by the Board. Unless the Board otherwise decides, if the title is one commonly used for officers of a business corporation, the assignment of such title shall constitute the delegation to such Officer of the authority and duties that are normally associated with that office (including the same fiduciary duties that are owed by the officers of a corporation to such corporation and its stockholders under the laws of the State of Delaware, subject to Section 5.3), subject to any specific delegation of authority and duties made to such Officer by the Board pursuant to this Section 5.5. Each Officer shall hold office until such Officer’s successor shall be duly designated and shall qualify or until such Officer’s death or until such Officer shall resign or shall have been removed by the Board. The salaries or other compensation, if any, of the Officers and agents of the Company shall be fixed from time to time by the Board.
5.5.1. Appointment of Officers. As of the Effective Date, the following individuals shall be appointed the Officers of the Company:
| President | Kirkman | ||
| Chief Executive Officer | Alpert | ||
| Chief Operations Officer | Goldman | ||
| Chief Creative Officer | Kirkman | ||
| Secretary | Alpert |
5.5.2. Resignation; Removal; Vacancies. Any Officer may resign as such at any time. Such resignation shall be made in writing and shall take effect at the time specified therein, or if no time be specified, at the time of its receipt by the Board. The acceptance of a resignation shall not be necessary to make it effective, unless expressly so provided in the resignation. Any Officer may be removed as such, either with or without cause, at any time by the Board, in its discretion. Designation of an Officer shall not of itself create contract rights. Any vacancy occurring in any office of the Company may be filled by the Board and shall remain vacant until filled by the Board.
5.6. Right of Members to Transact With the Company. The Members, and any of their respective Affiliates, shall have the right to contract and otherwise deal with the Company; provided, however, that all such contracts and deals shall be on fair, reasonable and market terms that are consistent with terms and conditions that are customary for the type of transaction in question and entered into in good faith; provided further, that for purposes of this Section 5.6 the contracts and dealings entered into prior to the Effective Date and disclosed to the Lead Series A Investor prior to the Effective Date constitute fair, reasonable, market and customary contracts and dealings and were entered into in good faith.
5.7. Other Activities. The Members and their respective Affiliates may engage in or possess interests in other business ventures of every kind and description for their own account, and in so doing shall incur no liability to the Company, nor to the Members as a result of engaging in any other business or ventures or as a result of deriving income or profits therefrom. Neither the Members, nor any their respective Affiliates, shall be obligated to present any particular investment or business opportunity to the Company, even if the opportunity is of a character which, if presented to the Company, could be taken by the Company or is competitive with the business or activities of the Company; further, any of the foregoing parties shall have the right to take for their own account or to recommend to others any investment opportunity.
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5.8. Personal Service; Remuneration To Members. No Member shall be required to perform services for the Company solely by virtue of being a Member, and no Member is entitled to remuneration for services performed for the Company solely by virtue of being a Member.
5.9. Indemnification.
5.9.1. Indemnification of Members and Managers. The Company, its receiver or its trustee, shall indemnify and hold harmless the Members, the Managers, their respective Affiliates and their respective officers, directors, managers, members, partners, Affiliates, employees, agents, shareholders, heirs, successors and assigns (hereinafter collectively referred to, for purposes of this Section 5.9, as the “Indemnitees”), jointly and severally, from and against any and all losses, claims, demands, costs, damages, liabilities, joint and several, expenses of any nature (including reasonable attorneys’ fees and disbursements), judgments, fines, settlements and other amounts arising from any and all claims, demands, actions, suits or proceedings, whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative, in which the Indemnitee was involved or may be involved, or threatened to be involved, as a party or otherwise, arising out of the business or operations of the Company, excluding liabilities to any Member, regardless of whether the Indemnitee continues to be a Member, a Manager, an Affiliate, or an officer, director, employee, agent of the Company or Principal of any Skybound Member at the time any such liability or expense is paid or incurred, to the fullest extent permitted by the Act and all other applicable laws.
5.9.2. Expenses. Expenses incurred by an Indemnitee in defending any claim, demand, action, suit or proceeding subject to this Section 5.9 shall, from time to time, be advanced by the Company prior to the final disposition of such claim, demand, action, suit or proceeding upon receipt by the Company of an undertaking by or on behalf of the Indemnitee to repay such amount if it shall be determined that such Person is not entitled to be indemnified as authorized in this Section 5.9.
5.9.3. Indemnification Rights Non-Exclusive. The indemnification provided by this Section 5.9 shall be in addition to (and not in lieu of) any other rights to which those indemnified may be entitled under any agreement, as a matter of law or equity or otherwise, both as to action in the Indemnitee’s capacity as a Member or Manager or as an Affiliate or as an officer, director, employee, agent of the Company, or Principal of any Skybound Member and as to any action in another capacity, and shall continue as to an Indemnitee who has ceased to serve in such capacity and shall inure to the benefit of the heirs, successors, assigns and administrators of such Indemnitee.
5.9.4. Company Indemnification is Primary. The Company hereby acknowledges that each Indemnitee may have certain rights to indemnification, advancement of expenses and/or insurance provided by his, her or its Affiliates and/or his or her employer (collectively, the “Specified Indemnitors”). The Company hereby agrees (i) that the Company is the indemnitor of first resort (i.e., its obligations to Indemnitee are primary and any obligation of the Specified Indemnitors to advance expenses or to provide indemnification for the same expenses or liabilities incurred by Indemnitee are secondary), and (ii) that the Company shall be required to advance the full amount of expenses incurred by Indemnitee and shall be liable for the full amount of all expenses, judgments, penalties, fines and amounts paid in settlement to the extent legally permitted and as required by the terms of this Agreement (or any other agreement between the Company and the Indemnitee), without regard to any rights Indemnitee may have against the Specified Indemnitors. The Company further agrees that no advancement or payment by the Specified Indemnitors on behalf of Indemnitee with respect to any claim for which Indemnitee has sought indemnification from the Company shall affect the foregoing and the Specified Indemnitors shall have a right of contribution and/or be subrogated to the extent of such advancement or payment to all of the rights of recovery of Indemnitee against the Company. The Company agrees that the Specified Indemnitors are express third party beneficiaries of the terms of this Section 5.9.4.
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5.9.5. Exclusion. An Indemnitee shall not be entitled to indemnification or advancement of expenses under this Section 5.9 with respect to any claim, issue or matter in which he, she or it has engaged in conduct that constitutes fraud, willful misconduct or bad faith; provided, however, that a court of competent jurisdiction or, in the event the Indemnitee is a Member, an arbitrator in accordance with Section 10.23, may determine upon application that, despite such conduct, in view of all the circumstances of the case, the Indemnitee is fairly and reasonably entitled to indemnification for such liabilities and expenses as the court may deem proper.
5.9.6. Insurance. The Board may authorize and cause the Company to purchase and maintain insurance, to the extent and in such amounts as the Board shall deem reasonable, on behalf of the Indemnitees and such other Persons as the Board shall determine, against any liability that may be asserted against or expenses that may be incurred by such Person in connection with activities of the Company or such Indemnitees, regardless whether the Company would have the power to indemnify such Person against such liability under the provisions of this Agreement. The Board may cause the Company to enter indemnity contracts with Indemnitees and adopt written procedures pursuant to which arrangements are made for the advancement of expenses and the funding of obligations under this Section 5.9 and containing such other procedures regarding indemnification as are appropriate.
Article 6
TRANSFER, ASSIGNMENT OF INTERESTS AND PREEMPTIVE RIGHTS
6.1. Transfer or Assignment of Member’s Interests. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained herein, no Member shall, directly or indirectly, transfer, assign, convey, sell, encumber or in any way alienate, voluntarily or involuntarily (each, a “Transfer”), all or any part of its Interests except if the Transfer is expressly permitted by this Article 6 and except in accordance with this Agreement and all applicable state and federal securities laws, and any attempted Transfer consummated in violation of this Article 6, any other applicable provision of this Agreement or applicable state and federal securities laws shall be void ab initio. Subject to the foregoing, after the consummation of any Transfer of any Interests, the Interests so transferred shall continue to be subject to the terms and provisions of this Agreement and any further Transfer shall be required to comply with all of the terms and provisions of this Agreement. In accordance with this Agreement, a Member may consummate the following types of Transfers: (i) Transfers to any Permitted Transferee; provided that at the time of any Transfer to such Permitted Transferee, the transferor Member and such Permitted Transferee irrevocably agree for the benefit of the other parties to this Agreement to re-Transfer the subject Interests back to such transferor Member prior to such Permitted Transferee ceasing to be an Affiliate of such transferor Member; (ii) Transfers with the consent of the Board; provided that the transferring Member also complies with Section 6.2, Section 6.5 and Section 6.7 (as applicable); (iii) Transfers pursuant to Section 6.3; and/or (iv) Transfers pursuant to Section 6.6; provided that, in each case, except for Transfers pursuant to Section 6.6, no Member may Transfer all or any part of such Member’s Interests to a competitor. No Affiliate of a Skybound Member will be deemed a competitor of the Company. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained herein, a Lead Series A Investor Change of Control or a Lead Series B Investor Change of Control shall not constitute a Transfer.
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6.2. Right of First Refusal. If, for any reason, any Skybound Member receives a bona-fide offer from any third party (other than a Permitted Transferee) to consummate a Transfer of all or any part of such Member’s Interests and which such Member (the “ROFR Selling Member”) elects to accept, then the ROFR Selling Member shall give written notice to the Company and the other Skybound Members of the ROFR Selling Member’s intention (the “ROFR Transfer Notice”); provided that a Skybound Member can deliver a concurrent notice under Section 6.5 and this Section 6.2). The ROFR Transfer Notice must name and identify the proposed transferee and specify the number of Interests to be transferred (the “ROFR Offered Interests”), the price per Interest, the payment terms and all other relevant terms of the proposed Transfer with reasonable specificity. Upon receipt of the ROFR Transfer Notice, the Skybound Members (other than the ROFR Selling Member) shall have the right, but not the obligation, to collectively purchase, a proportion of the ROFR Offered Interests equal to the total number of Interests held by such Skybound Member divided by the total number of Interests held by all Skybound Members (other than the ROFR Selling Member) (such proportion, the “Skybound Pro Rata Share”) on the terms and conditions contained in the ROFR Transfer Notice; provided, however, if any Skybound Member does not wish to purchase his, her or its Skybound Pro Rata Share of the ROFR Offered Interests (such Members, the “ROFR Non-Purchasing Members”), then any other Skybound Member who wishes to purchase such ROFR Offered Interests may purchase such ROFR Non-Purchasing Members’ Skybound Pro Rata Share of the ROFR Offered Interest on a pro rata basis in proportion to such Skybound Members’ Skybound Pro Rata Share of such ROFR Non-Purchasing Member’s ROFR Offered Interest. If any Skybound Member(s) desire(s) to acquire all of the ROFR Offered Interests, such Skybound Member(s) shall deliver to the ROFR Selling Member within thirty (30) days after receipt of the ROFR Transfer Notice, a written election (the “ROFR Purchase Notice”) to purchase the ROFR Offered Interests. Failure of the other Skybound Member(s) to deliver the ROFR Purchase Notice within said thirty (30) day period shall be deemed an election by the other Skybound Member(s) not to purchase any portion of the ROFR Offered Interests. If the ROFR Offered Interests are to be sold under this Section 6.2, the closing of such sale shall occur on the date within fifteen (15) days after the date of the ROFR Purchase Notice. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if the other Skybound Members elect not to purchase all of the ROFR Offered Interests, and the Board provides consent to the proposed Transfer pursuant to Section 6.1 above, the ROFR Selling Member may sell all (but not less than all) of the ROFR Offered Interests to the third party specified in the ROFR Transfer Notice (subject to the other applicable provision in this Article 6, including Section 6.5); provided, however, that the ROFR Selling Member shall not have the right to effect the proposed Transfer with a party other than the party identified in the ROFR Transfer Notice or on terms different than those contained in the ROFR Transfer Notice without first giving the other Skybound Members a new right of first refusal as described above, and if the ROFR Selling Member does not effect the proposed Transfer within sixty (60) days after the Skybound Members’ receipt of the ROFR Transfer Notice, the other Skybound Members’ right of first refusal shall reapply and the ROFR Selling Member shall not thereafter effect the proposed Transfer without complying with the above provisions. If the other Skybound Member(s) elect(s) to purchase the ROFR Offered Interests, at any time prior to closing of such Transfer, such Skybound Member(s) may assign its right to acquire any of the ROFR Offered Interests to the Company, subject to the unanimous consent of the Skybound Managers (other than the Skybound Manager appointed by the Skybound Member holding the ROFR Offered Interests), and subject to compliance with all applicable laws.
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6.3. Rights Upon the Occurrence of Certain Events.
6.3.1. Rights Upon the Involuntary Transfer of a Skybound Member’s Interests or by Reason of Death, “Disability” or Termination of Services of such Skybound Member (or such appropriate Principal). Upon the occurrence of an Involuntary Transfer involving a Skybound Member, or if a Skybound Member’s employment or service provider relationship with the Company or the Company’s Affiliates is terminated (i) by reason of death of such Skybound Member (subject to Section 6.3.7), (ii) because such Skybound Member has become Disabled, or (iii) by reason of the resignation, retirement or termination of such Skybound Member for Cause (such Skybound Member, the “Transferring Skybound Member”), then the Skybound Members other than the Transferring Skybound Member (the “Continuing Skybound Members”) shall have the right to purchase all, but not less than all, of the Interests then held by the Transferring Skybound Member by delivering to the Transferring Skybound Member within thirty (30) days after the effective date of termination a written election (a “Call Notice”) to so purchase such Transferring Skybound Member’s Interests. In this case, each Continuing Skybound Member shall have the right to purchase a proportion of the Transferring Skybound Member’s Interests equal to the total number of Interests held by such Continuing Skybound Member divided by the total number of Interests held by all Continuing Skybound Members (such proportion, the “Continuing Member Pro Rata Share”). If a Continuing Skybound Member does not wish to purchase such Continuing Skybound Member’s Continuing Member Pro Rata Share of the Transferring Skybound Member’s Interests (such Members for purposes of this Section 6.3.1, the “Non-Purchasing Members”), the Continuing Skybound Members who wish to purchase such Non-Purchasing Member’s Interests may purchase such Non-Purchasing Member’s Continuing Member Pro Rata Share of the Transferring Skybound Member’s Interests pro rata in proportion to the Continuing Skybound Members’ Continuing Member Pro Rata Share of such Non-Purchasing Member’s Interests. If the purchasing Continuing Skybound Members deliver a Call Notice, then the closing of such purchase shall occur in accordance with Section 6.3.5 and Section 6.3.6 below. The Continuing Skybound Members’ failure to deliver a Call Notice within said thirty (30)-day period shall be deemed an irrevocable election by the Continuing Skybound Members not to exercise their right to purchase the Transferring Skybound Member’s Interests pursuant to this Section 6.3.1. If the Continuing Skybound Members do not exercise their right to purchase the Transferring Skybound Member’s Interests pursuant to this Section 6.3.1, then the Company shall have the right to purchase all, but not less than all, of the Interests then held by the Transferring Skybound Member by delivering to the Transferring Skybound Member a Call Notice no later than thirty (30) days following the last day the Continuing Skybound Members were entitled to deliver the Call Notice. The Company’s failure to deliver a Call Notice within said thirty (30)-day period shall be deemed an irrevocable election by the Company not to exercise its right to purchase such Interests pursuant to this Section 6.3.1. If the Company delivers the Call Notice, the closing of such purchase shall occur in accordance with Section 6.3.5 and Section 6.3.6 below. All purchases of Interests pursuant to this Section 6.3.1 shall be equal to the fair market value of the applicable Interests as determined pursuant to Section 6.3.4 below. The transferring Member shall abstain in all decisions to be made by the Company pursuant to this Section 6.3.1.
6.3.2. Domestic Transfers. Upon the occurrence of a Domestic Transfer, the Member whose Interests are subject to the Domestic Transfer (the “Domestic Transferor”) (or such Domestic Transferor’s representative) shall provide the Company and the other Members with written notice thereof within ten (10) days after the Domestic Transfer (the “Domestic Transfer Notice”). In the event of a Domestic Transfer, said Domestic Transferor shall have the first right to purchase all, but not less than all, of the Interests involved in the Domestic Transfer, exercisable by including an election to purchase said Interests in the Domestic Transfer Notice.
6.3.2.1. If the Domestic Transferor is Alpert, and Alpert does not elect to purchase all of the Interests involved in the Domestic Transfer, then the other Skybound Members shall have the right to purchase all, but not less than all, of the Interests of the Alpert Trust by delivering to the Alpert Trust within thirty (30) days after receipt of the Domestic Transfer Notice from the Alpert Trust a written notice to so purchase such Interests; provided, however, if the other Skybound Members do not exercise their right to purchase the Alpert Trust’s Interests pursuant to this Section 6.3.2.1, then the Company shall have the right to purchase all, but not less than all, of the Interests then held by the Alpert Trust by delivering to the Alpert Trust a written notice of the Company’s election to purchase such Interests no later than thirty (30) days following the last day the other Skybound Members were entitled to deliver written notice to the Alpert Trust pursuant to this Section 6.3.2.1. The other Skybound Members’ or the Company’s failure to deliver such notice to the Alpert Trust within said thirty (30) day period shall be deemed an irrevocable election by the other Skybound Members or the Company, as applicable, not to exercise its right to purchase such Interests pursuant to this Section 6.3.2.1.
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6.3.2.2. If the Domestic Transferor is Kirkman, and Kirkman does not elect to purchase all of the Interests involved in the Domestic Transfer, then the other Skybound Members shall have the right to purchase all, but not less than all, of the Interests of the Kirkman Trust by delivering to the Kirkman Trust within thirty (30) days after receipt of the Domestic Transfer Notice from the Kirkman Trust a written notice to so purchase such Interests; provided, however, if the other Skybound Members do not exercise their right to purchase the Kirkman Trust’s Interests pursuant to this Section 6.3.2.2, then the Company shall have the right to purchase all, but not less than all, of the Interests then held by the Kirkman Trust by delivering to the Kirkman Trust a written notice of the Company’s election to purchase such Interests no later than thirty (30) days following the last day the other Skybound Members were entitled to deliver written notice to the Kirkman Trust pursuant to this Section 6.3.2.2. The other Skybound Members’ or the Company’s failure to deliver such notice to the Kirkman Trust within said thirty (30) day period shall be deemed an irrevocable election by the other Skybound Members or the Company, as applicable, not to exercise its right to purchase such Interests pursuant to this Section 6.3.2.2.
6.3.2.3. If the Domestic Transferor is Goldman, and Goldman does not elect to purchase all of the Interests involved in the Domestic Transfer, then the other Skybound Members shall have the right to purchase all, but not less than all, of the Interests of Goldman by delivering to Goldman within thirty (30) days after receipt of the Domestic Transfer Notice from the Goldman a written notice to so purchase such Interests; provided, however, if the other Skybound Members do not exercise their right to purchase Goldman’s Interests pursuant to this Section 6.3.2.3, then the Company shall have the right to purchase all, but not less than all, of the Interests then held by Goldman by delivering to Goldman a written notice of the Company’s election to purchase such Interests no later than thirty (30) days following the last day the other Skybound Members were entitled to deliver written notice to Goldman pursuant to this Section 6.3.2.3. The other Skybound Members’ or the Company’s failure to deliver such notice to Goldman within said thirty (30) day period shall be deemed an irrevocable election by the other Skybound Members or the Company, as applicable, not to exercise its right to purchase such Interests pursuant to this Section 6.3.2.3.
6.3.2.4. If the Company (or any assignee), or the other Skybound Members (as applicable) fail to purchase the Interests of the Domestic Transferor, then the Domestic Transferor shall use his/its best efforts to cause any third party transferee thereof to agree to be bound by this Agreement, but any Interests so transferred shall nevertheless be and remain subject to the restrictions set forth in this Agreement. The Domestic Transferor shall be required to abstain in all decisions regarding whether the Company shall exercise its rights under this Section 6.3.2.
6.3.3. Purchase Price. The closing of the purchase of any Interests pursuant to Section 6.3.1 or Section 6.3.2 shall occur in accordance with Section 6.3.5 below. All purchases of Interests pursuant to Sections 6.3.1 or 6.3.2 shall be at a price equal to the fair market value of the affected Interests as determined pursuant to Section 6.3.4 below. Unless otherwise agreed by the Skybound Managers (other than the Skybound Manager appointed by the Skybound Member holding the affected Interests (if applicable)), the balance paid for the affected Interests pursuant to this Section 6.3.3 shall be payable via a promissory note due and payable five (5) years after the closing of the purchase of such affected Interests or such other period of time agreed in writing by the Skybound Managers (other than the Skybound Manager appointed by the Skybound Member holding the affected Interests (if applicable).
6.3.4. Fair Market Value. If, as a result of Sections 6.3.1 or 6.3.2 above, it becomes necessary to determine the fair market value of any Interests, the fair market value of such Interests shall be (i) the most recently agreed upon fair market value of the Company (as determined from time to time in good faith by the Members holding the majority of the Interests (the “Most Recent Valuation”), multiplied by (ii) a fraction, the numerator of which is the Interests held by the selling Member and the denominator of which is the total Interests held by all Members (on an as converted to Common Interest basis); provided, however, that if the Most Recent Valuation occurred more than one (1) year prior to the date on which it becomes necessary to determine the fair market value of any Interests (such date, the “Required Valuation Date”), the Most Recent Valuation shall be increased by three percent (3.0%) for each year (or part thereof) between the date of the Most Recent Valuation and the Required Valuation Date.
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6.3.4.1. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if the Most Recent Valuation was determined more than two (2) years prior to the date it becomes necessary to determine the fair market value of any Interests, the selling Member and the other Members jointly shall attempt to agree upon the fair market value of the affected Interests for a period of sixty (60) days after the date of death, the date the Skybound Member is deemed Disabled, the date of the Involuntary Transfer, or the date of the Domestic Transfer, as applicable. If such Skybound Members (or their representatives) are unable to agree upon the fair market value of the affected Interests prior to the end of such sixty (60) day period, any Skybound Member shall be entitled to require an appraisal by providing the other Skybound Members with written notice of the request for the appraisal at any time thereafter. In such event, the value of the affected Interests shall be determined by two (2) independent appraisers, one selected by the selling Skybound Member, or his or her representative, and one selected by the other Skybound Members, both of which appraisers shall each have at least ten (10) years of recent, consistent experience in valuing companies with the size, assets, liabilities and type of business similar to that of the Company. Each independent appraiser selected shall as promptly as possible provide an opinion of fair market value of the affected Interests. If the independent appraisers’ opinions of fair market value are within ten percent (10%) of the lower of the two (2) opinions, the average of the fair market values set forth in the two (2) appraisals shall be treated as the fair market value of the affected Interests. If the independent appraisers’ opinions of value differ by more than ten percent (10%) of the lower of the two opinions, the independent appraisers shall mutually select a third independent appraiser whereby the fair market value of the affected Interests shall be determined exclusively by such third independent appraiser. The third independent appraiser will evaluate the appraisals of the two (2) other independent appraisers and shall as promptly as possible provide an opinion of fair market value of the affected Interests, which fair market value must be no greater than the highest fair market value reached by the two (2) other independent appraisers and no less than the lowest fair market value reached by the other two (2) independent appraisers. All expenses of such appraisals shall be borne by the Members subject to such transactions; provided that in the event the appraisals are required because of an Involuntary Transfer, the Involuntary Transferor shall be required to pay all expenses of such appraisals.
6.3.4.2. For all purposes hereunder, the “fair market value” of the affected Interests shall be the price that a willing buyer would pay a willing seller in an arms’-length transaction for such Interests, assuming that such Interests were being sold in a manner designed to maximize bids, when neither the buyer nor the seller was acting under compulsion, when both the buyer and the seller have reasonable knowledge of the relevant facts, and without any discount solely by reason that the Interests to be valued represent a minority of the total issued and outstanding Interests of the Company. If the fair market value determined by any appraiser is given as a range of values, the fair market value determined by such appraiser shall be deemed to be the midpoint of such range. Each appraiser shall, solely for the purpose of determining the fair market value of the affected Interests, have reasonable access to the books and records of the Company and to its management, and shall consider all material information resulting from such access; provided, that if requested by the Company, such appraiser shall execute and deliver to the Company a confidentiality and non-disclosure agreement reasonably acceptable to the Company. The Company and each Member involved in the underlying transaction agrees to cooperate fully with any such appraiser. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if an Involuntary Transferor breaches this Agreement or any other agreement by and between the Company and such Member, the purchase price determined hereunder with respect to the affected Interests shall be reduced by an amount equal to the damages suffered by the Company as a result of such breach. The Company shall use the so-called “interim closing of the books method” for tax and accounting purposes. The value of the affected Interests determined pursuant hereto shall be binding on all parties, their legal representatives and their successors-in-interest.
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6.3.5. Closing. The consummation of the sale and purchase of all Interests occurring pursuant to any of Sections 6.3.1 or 6.3.2, above (the “Closing”) shall be held contemporaneously by all relevant parties at the principal office of the Company, at a mutually convenient time and date within fifteen (15) days after the date of the final determination of the fair market value for the affected Interests.
6.3.6. Closing Deliveries; Payment of Purchase Price. At the Closing under this Section 6.3, (i) the selling Member or Involuntary Transferor shall execute, acknowledge and/or deliver or cause to be delivered to the purchaser of such Interests (x) a certificate representing that such Member is the sole legal and beneficial owner of the affected Interests, free and clear of all liens, and that such Member has full right and power to transfer such Interests to such purchaser, and (y) the original certificate(s), if any, representing such Interests, duly endorsed or accompanied by a duly executed separate power for transfer to such purchaser, and (ii) each purchaser of any Interests shall deliver or cause to be delivered to the selling Member or the Involuntary Transferor the purchase price for such Interests as follows: 20.00% of the purchase price for such Interests shall be paid at the Closing by wire transfer or cashier’s check, and the remainder of the purchase price shall be evidenced by a promissory note, which promissory note shall provide for the payment of equal annual installments of principal (accompanied by payment of all accrued interest) over a four (4) year period commencing on the date which is one year after the date of the Closing. Each such promissory note shall accrue interest from the date of the Closing at the rate of 5.00% per annum and may be prepaid by the maker thereof at any time without penalty or premium. In addition, at the Closing, each purchaser shall execute and deliver to the Company such documents as the Company may reasonably request so that such sale and purchase of such Interests may be effectuated in compliance with, and without registration under, all applicable federal and state securities laws.
6.3.7. Key Man Insurance. The Members agree that, upon approval of the Board, the Company may carry key man life insurance on Alpert, Kirkman, or Goldman at the Company’s expense (which shall not exceed $6,250 per month per Principal subject to reasonable increases in line with the market and the Company’s fair market valuation). Each of the Skybound Members and Principals shall cooperate with the Company’s efforts to obtain such insurance coverage, including, without limitation, by submitting to such medical examinations from time to time as may be reasonably required to obtain such insurance. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Agreement (including Section 6.3.1), if the Company carries key man life insurance with respect to a Principal, then upon the death of such Principal, the Company shall use all or a portion of the proceeds from such key man life insurance policy (the “Insurance Proceeds”) to purchase 100% of the Interests from the Skybound Member through which such Principal indirectly held such Interests for an amount equal to the fair market value of such Interests (as determined under Section 6.3.4); provided that to the extent that the insurance proceeds are insufficient to fund a purchase of 100% of such Interests in accordance with the foregoing, the Company shall use the Insurance Proceeds to purchase a portion of the Interests equal to 100% of the Interests multiplied by a fraction, the numerator of which is the amount of the Insurance Proceeds and the denominator of which is the fair market value of such Interests. For the avoidance of doubt, if less than 100% of the Interests are purchased in accordance with this Section 6.3.7, the remaining Interests that are not purchased pursuant to this Section 6.3.7 shall be subject to purchase by the Company and the other Skybound Members pursuant to the other provisions of this Section 6.3 and, to the extent the Company and the other Skybound Members do not purchase the remaining Interests pursuant to this Section 6.3, the holder of such Interests will become a Member of the Company and (i) will irrevocably pledge all of the voting rights represented by the Interests to the surviving Principals, and (ii) will not Transfer any such Interests without the unanimous written consent of the surviving Principals. The Principals and the Principals’ spouses (as applicable) consent, acknowledge, and agree to the provisions set forth in this Section 6.3.7.
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6.3.8. Interests Held by Affiliates. For purposes of this Section 6.3 only, the Interests owned by a Member shall also be deemed to include the Interests owned by any Affiliate of such Member.
6.3.9. Events Involving Certain Principals. For purposes of this Section 6.3 only, the death or Disability of, or Involuntary Transfer involving Alpert or Kirkman shall be deemed the death or Disability of, or Involuntary Transfer involving, the Member of which such Person is a Principal.
6.4. Preemptive Rights.
6.4.1. The Company hereby grants to each Capital Member the right to purchase its Pro Rata Share (disregarding any Incentive Plan Interests) of any New Senior Securities, as hereinafter defined (the “PR Purchase Right”), which the Company may, from time to time, propose to sell and issue. Except as set forth below, “New Senior Securities” shall mean Series B Preferred Interests or any other equity securities with a liquidation preference or dividend, redemption, or voting rights senior or on parity with Series B Preferred Interests as well as rights, options or warrants to purchase such equity securities, or securities of any type whatsoever that are, or may become, convertible or exchangeable into or exercisable for such equity securities. Notwithstanding the foregoing, “New Senior Securities” does not include: (i) securities offered to the public generally pursuant to a registration statement filed pursuant to the Securities Act, or pursuant to Regulation A under the Securities Act; (ii) securities issued pursuant to the acquisition of another person by the Company by a merger, share exchange, the purchase of substantially all of the assets of such other company, or other reorganization whereby the Company or its Members own not less than fifty-one percent (51%) of the voting power of the surviving or successor Person, so long as such acquisition is approved by the Board; (iii) the issuance of Options or Interests to employees of the Company, the Officers, Service Providers or members of the Board pursuant to the Option Plan, as currently in effect and as may from time to time be amended or any other equity incentive plan approved by the Board (including, if adopted following the date hereof, the affirmative approval of the Lead Series A Investor Manager and the Lead Series B Investor Manager), not to exceed, in the aggregate, twenty percent (20%) of the equity Interests of the Company on a fully diluted basis; (iv) securities issued pursuant to any convertible securities, options or warrants, provided that the PR Purchase Right under this Section 6.4 applies with respect to the initial issuance or grant of such convertible securities, options or warrants; (v) securities issued pursuant to the anti-dilution provisions of any outstanding option, warrant, right or convertible security of the Company issued after November 26, 2019; provided that the PR Purchase Right under this Section 6.4 applies with respect to the initial issuance of such option, warrant or convertible security, or provided that such securities issued pursuant to any option, warrant or convertible security otherwise do not constitute “New Senior Securities” for purposes of this Section 6.4 (as if such securities had been originally issued on the date such securities are issued pursuant to the anti-dilution provisions in the applicable option, warrant or convertible security for the same reason the applicable option, warrant or convertible security was originally issued), (vi) securities representing up to five percent (5%) of equity Interests of the Company on a fully diluted basis at the time of issuance that are issued in connection with arm’s length, reasonable commercial arrangements with any party who is not an Affiliate of a Skybound Member, so long as such commercial arrangement is approved by the Board in good faith, and (vii) securities issued to any Person upon the waiver by the Board by unanimous consent of the PR Purchase Right and the notice requirements set forth in this Section 6.4.
6.4.2. If the Company proposes to undertake an issuance of New Senior Securities, it shall give each Capital Member written notice of its intention, describing the type of New Senior Securities, and the price and terms upon which the Company proposes to issue the New Senior Securities. Each Capital Member shall have ten (10) days from the date of receipt of any such notice to agree to purchase up to its respective Pro Rata Share (disregarding any Incentive Plan Interests) of such New Senior Securities for the price and upon the terms specified in the notice by giving written notice to the Company of such Capital Member’s intentions and stating therein the quantity of New Senior Securities to be purchased by such Capital Member.
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6.4.3. In the event a Capital Member fails to exercise the PR Purchase Right within such ten (10) day period, the Company shall have ninety (90) days thereafter to sell or enter into a written agreement (pursuant to which the sale of New Senior Securities covered thereby shall be completed, if at all, within sixty (60) days from the date of such agreement) to sell the New Senior Securities not purchased by the Capital Members at a price and upon such terms which are no more favorable to the purchaser of such New Senior Securities than specified in the Company’s notice to the Capital Members. If the Company has not sold the New Senior Securities or entered into a written agreement to sell the New Senior Securities within such ninety (90) day period (or completed the sale of the New Senior Securities within sixty (60) days from the date of such agreement, as provided above), the Company may not thereafter issue or sell any New Senior Securities without first offering such securities in the manner provided in this Section 6.4.
6.4.4. The PR Purchase Right granted to a Capital Member under this Section 6.4 shall expire upon the date such Capital Member no longer owns any Interests.
6.5. Tag-along Right.
6.5.1. Other than Transfers (i) unanimously approved by the Board (provided that the Lead Series A Investor and the Lead Series B Investor must also provide its affirmative approval) where the Board explicitly waives the application of this Section 6.5, (ii) to Permitted Transferees, and (iii) under Section 6.3 and Section 6.6, if any Skybound Member proposes to Transfer, in one transaction or a series of related transactions, any Interests (the “Transferring Member”), the Board has consented to the Transfer in accordance with Section 6.1, and neither the Company nor the other Skybound Members exercised their right set forth in Section 6.2 with respect to all of the Interests proposed to be Transferred (a “Tag-along Sale”), the Transferring Member shall provide written notice (“Tag-along Notice”) of such proposed Tag-along Sale to all non-transferring Members (the “Tag Members”). The Tag-along Notice shall identify the consideration per Interest for which such Tag-along Sale is proposed to be made (the “Tag-along Sale Price”) and all other material terms and conditions of the proposed Tag-along Sale which shall be the same terms and conditions set forth in the Transfer Notice. Each Tag Member shall, as to Interests held by it, have the option, exercisable by irrevocable written notice to the Transferring Member within twenty (20) days after receipt of the Tag-along Notice (the “Tag-along Notice Period”) to participate in the Tag-along Sale in proportion to such Tag Member’s Pro Rata Share.
6.5.2. The consideration per Interest to be paid to each Tag Member exercising its rights set forth in Section 6.5.1 (the “Participating Tag Members”) shall be the Tag-along Sale Price. The Company, the Participating Tag Members and the Transferring Member shall provide reasonable cooperation to consummate the sale of Transfer Interests and any Interests to be included in such Tag-along Sale by the Participating Tag Members within thirty (30) days following termination of the Tag-along Notice Period.
6.5.3. If, at the termination of the Tag-along Notice Period, any Tag Members shall not have elected to participate in the Tag-along Sale, such Tag Members shall be deemed to have waived any of and all of its rights under this Section 6.5 with respect to the sale of any of its Interests pursuant to such Tag-along Sale. The Transferring Member shall have thirty (30) days following such termination of the Tag-along Notice Period in which to sell all, but not less than all, of the applicable Interests (including the Interests of any Participating Tag Member) on the same terms and conditions as were contained in the Tag-along Notice, at a price equal to the Tag-along Sale Price, to the bona fide third party listed in the Transfer Notice. If, at the end of such forty-five (45) day period, the Transferring Member has not completed the sale of all applicable Transfer Interests, to the bona fide third party listed in the Transfer Notice, the Tag-along Sale shall terminate, and all the restrictions on transfer contained in this Agreement with respect to Interests shall again be in effect.
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6.5.4. Notwithstanding anything contained in this Section 6.5, there shall be no liability on the part of the Transferring Member to any Participating Tag Members if the sale of Interests pursuant to this Section 6.5 with respect to the Tag-along Sale is not consummated for whatever reason. Any decision as to whether to sell Interests shall be at the Transferring Members’ absolute discretion.
6.5.5. The Option Plan and/or any Option may provide any Service Provider the opportunity to exercise any vested or unvested Option and to sell the Incentive Plan Member’s Pro Rata Share of the Incentive Plan Interests resulting from such exercise in a Tag-along Sale.
6.5.6. Preferred Interests and Incentive Plan Interests will be treated materially the same as Common Interests in connection with a Tag-along Sale.
6.5.7. If any Transferring Member purports to Transfer any Interests in contravention of the terms of this Section 6.5 (a “Prohibited Transfer”), each Tag Member who desires to exercise its rights under this Section 6.5 may, in addition to such remedies as may be available by law, in equity or hereunder, require such Transferring Member to purchase from such Tag Member the type and number of Interests that such Tag Member would have been entitled to sell to the prospective transferee of such Interests had the Prohibited Transfer been effected in compliance with the terms of this Section 6.5. The sale will be made on the same terms, including, without limitation, as provided in this Section 6.5, and subject to the same conditions as would have applied had the Transferring Member not made the Prohibited Transfer, except that the sale (including, without limitation, the delivery of the purchase price) must be made within ninety (90) days after the Tag Member learns of the Prohibited Transfer, as opposed to the timeframe proscribed above in this Section 6.5. Such Transferring Member shall also reimburse each Tag Member for any and all reasonable and documented out-of-pocket fees and expenses, including reasonable legal fees and expenses, incurred pursuant to the exercise or the attempted exercise of the Tag Member’s rights under this Section 6.5.
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6.6. Drag-Along Right.
6.6.1. Subject to Sections 5.2.3.2, 5.2.4.2 and 5.2.5.1, if the Members holding fifty-five percent (55%) of the voting Interests (on an as converted to Common Interests basis) (the “Drag-along Holders”) approve a Capital Transaction with a Person who is not an Affiliate of any Member or the Company and on bona fide, arm’s length terms (a “Drag-along Sale”), the Drag-along Holders may, by written agreement, require all but not less than all of the other Members to participate in such Drag-along Sale. For the avoidance of doubt, a Drag-along Sale approved pursuant to this Section 6.6 shall not be subject to Section 6.2, Section 6.3, Section 6.5 or Section 6.7 of this Agreement. Not later than thirty (30) days prior to the proposed date of the Drag-along Sale, the Drag-along Holders shall provide written notice of the Drag-along Sale to the Members (“Drag-along Notice”). The Drag-along Notice shall identify the transferee, the Interests subject to the Drag-along Sale, the total consideration per Interest (on an as converted to Common Interests basis) for which a transfer is proposed to be made (the “Drag-along Sale Price”) and all other material terms and conditions of the Drag-along Sale. Each Member shall be required to participate in, vote in favor of, and Transfer their Interests pursuant to, and otherwise to execute and deliver such documents as may be reasonably requested by the transferee or acquirer in connection with any Drag-along Sale, including, without limitation, written consents of the Members, proxies, letters of transmittal, purchase agreements, and assignments of membership interests, on the terms and conditions set forth in the Drag-along Notice and to tender all Interests (the “Drag-along Interests”) owned by such Members at the time the Drag-along Notice is delivered; provided that this Section 6.6 shall only apply to a Drag-along Sale to the extent that: (i) in the case of representations, warranties, covenants, indemnities and agreements pertaining specifically to a Member and not the Company, each Member shall only be required to make comparable representations, warranties, covenants, indemnities and agreements pertaining specifically to itself, (ii) all indemnification obligations with respect to the Company that are required by such Drag-along Sale shall be on a pro rata basis based on the consideration received by the Members; (iii) in no event shall any such indemnification obligations exceed the proceeds received by a Member pursuant to such Drag-along Sale, (iv) the Lead Series A Investor and the Lead Series B Investor shall not be required to enter into any non-compete, non-solicitation or other similar type of arrangement in connection with such Drag-along Sale, (v) no Member is liable for the breach of any representation, warranty or covenant made by any other Person in connection with the Drag-along Sale, other than the Company (except to the extent that funds may be paid out of an escrow established to cover breach of representations, warranties and covenants of the Company as well as breach by any Member of any identical representations, warranties and covenants provided by all Members), (vi) each holder of each class or series of the Company’s Interests will receive the same form of consideration for their Interests of such class or series as is received by other holders in respect of their Interests of such same class or series, (vii) subject to clause (x) below, each holder of a series of Preferred Interests will receive the same amount of consideration per Interest of such series of Preferred Interests as is received by other holders in respect of their Interests of such same series, (viii) subject to clause (x) below, each holder of Common Interests will receive the same amount of consideration per Common Interest as is received by other holders in respect of their Common Interests, (ix) the aggregate consideration receivable by all holders of Preferred Interests and Common Interests shall be allocated among the holders of Preferred Interests and Common Interests on the basis of the relative liquidation preferences to which the holders of each respective series of Preferred Interests and the holders of Common Interests are entitled in a Deemed Liquidation Event (assuming for this purpose that the Drag-along Sale is a Deemed Liquidation Event) in accordance with this Agreement as in effect immediately prior to the Drag-along Sale, and (x) if any holders of Interests are given an option as to the form and amount of consideration to be received as a result of the Drag-along Sale, all holders of Interests will be given the same option. If the Drag-along Sale is not completed within ninety (90) days after the date of the Drag-along Notice, the Drag-along Sale shall terminate, and all restrictions on Transfer contained in this Agreement or otherwise applicable at such time with respect to Drag-along Interests owned by the Members shall again be in effect.
6.6.2. Each Member, does hereby, or by execution of a joinder or other agreement binding such Member to the terms hereof does thereby, irrevocably constitute and appoint each Officer authorized to act in such capacity by the Board, as his, her or its true and lawful attorney-in-fact, in such Member’s name, place and stead to execute, acknowledge, swear to, verify, deliver, file and publish, if necessary, all instruments necessary to effect a Drag-along Sale approved pursuant to, and consummated in strict compliance with, this Section 6.6. The power of attorney granted by this Section 6.6.2 shall be deemed coupled with an interest and shall survive the death or disability of such Member or the assignment or transfer of all or any part of the Interests held by such Member until the transferee or assignee shall have executed such instruments as the Board or Officers shall reasonably deem to be necessary to bind such transferee or assignee under the terms of this Agreement, as it may hereafter be amended, and containing the grant of a power of attorney by such transferee or assignee as contained in this Section 6.6.2.
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6.7. Preferred Member Right of First Offer.
6.7.1. If any Preferred Member holding Preferred Interests (each in his, her or its capacity as such, a “ROFO Transferring Member”), desires to Transfer all or a portion of his, her or its applicable Preferred Interests (the “ROFO Offered Interests”), other than a Transfer to a Permitted Transferee or a Transfer pursuant to Section 6.6 and provided that the Board has approved of Transfer in accordance with Section 6.1, then the ROFO Transferring Member shall deliver written notice (a “ROFO Sale Notice”) to the Company, which shall then deliver such ROFO Sale Notice on behalf of the ROFO Transferring Member to each other Preferred Member (any such other Preferred Member receiving a ROFO Sale Notice hereunder, a “ROFO Non-Transferring Member”) setting forth the number of Preferred Interests that the ROFO Transferring Member proposes to Transfer. The Company shall have no liability to any Members with respect to the delay in delivery or receipt of any notices to be delivered by the Company pursuant to this Section 6.7.1 as long as the Company uses reasonable efforts to provide such notices.
6.7.2. Each ROFO Non-Transferring Member shall have a right, but not an obligation (such right, a “ROFO Right”), to make an all-cash offer to purchase all of the ROFO Offered Interests from the ROFO Transferring Member. To the extent a ROFO Non-Transferring Member desires to exercise its ROFO Right, such ROFO Non-Transferring Member shall, within fifteen (15) days after delivery of the ROFO Sale Notice to the Company, deliver a notice to the ROFO Transferring Member setting forth the price, which shall be payable in all cash or immediately available funds, at which such ROFO Non-Transferring Member desires to purchase the ROFO Offered Interests and any terms and conditions of the purchase (such notice, the “ROFO Election Notice”).
6.7.3. If only one ROFO Election Notice is received, the ROFO Transferring Member shall, within fifteen (15) days after receiving such ROFO Election Notice, accept or reject such ROFO Election Notice by delivering a written notice to the ROFO Non-Transferring Member that delivered the ROFO Election Notice. If more than one ROFO Election Notice is received, the ROFO Transferring Member shall select in good faith the ROFO Election Notice offering the highest cash consideration (the “ROFO Prevailing Election Notice”) and shall provide a written notice to all ROFO Non-Transferring Members that delivered a ROFO Election Notice setting forth the material terms of the ROFO Prevailing Election Notice (including the amount of consideration offered for the ROFO Offered Interests). Any such ROFO Non-Transferring Member shall have five (5) Business Days from its receipt of the notice setting forth the material terms of the ROFO Prevailing Election Notice (the “ROFO Revised Offer Period”) to submit a revised ROFO Election Notice (a “ROFO Revised Election Notice”); provided, that the ROFO Non-Transferring Member that submitted the ROFO Prevailing Election Notice may deliver a conditional ROFO Revised Election Notice that will become effective only if another ROFO Non-Transferring Member delivers a ROFO Revised Election Notice offering higher cash consideration than the ROFO Prevailing Election Notice. At the end of the ROFO Revised Offer Period, the ROFO Transferring Member shall select the ROFO Election Notice or ROFO Revised Election Notice offering the highest cash consideration and such ROFO Election Notice or ROFO Revised Election Notice shall thereafter become the ROFO Prevailing Election Notice. In the event that more than one ROFO Non-Transferring Member delivers a ROFO Election Notice or a ROFO Revised Election Notice offering an amount equal to the highest cash consideration offered in any ROFO Election Notice or ROFO Revised Election Notice, the ROFO Transferring Member shall sell the ROFO Offered Interests to such ROFO Non-Transferring Members pro rata based on the percentage of Preferred Interests that each such ROFO Non-Transferring Members owns. Within fifteen (15) days after the end of the ROFO Revised Offer Period, the ROFO Transferring Member shall accept or reject the ROFO Prevailing Election Notice by delivering a written notice to the ROFO Non-Transferring Member that delivered the ROFO Prevailing Election Notice.
6.7.4. If a ROFO Transferring Member accepts a ROFO Election Notice or a ROFO Revised Election Notice as contemplated in Section 6.7.3, then the ROFO Transferring Member shall negotiate in good faith and use commercially reasonable efforts to (i) enter into customary definitive documentation for the sale of the ROFO Offered Interests (that contains customary representations and warranties, covenants and indemnities) on the terms and conditions set forth in the ROFO Election Notice or the ROFO Revised Election Notice, as applicable, and (ii) consummate the sale of the ROFO Offered Interests as soon as practicable and, in any event, no more than thirty (30) days after having received notice of the acceptance of the offer, which may be extended for a reasonable length of time to secure required governmental approvals.
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6.7.5. If (i) no ROFO Non-Transferring Member delivers a ROFO Election Notice, or if the ROFO Transferring Member rejects all ROFO Election Notices or ROFO Revised Election Notices received by the ROFO Transferring Member as contemplated in Section 6.7.3 or if the ROFO Transferring Member is unable to consummate a sale of ROFO Offered Interests within the time period provided for in Section 6.7.4 after making a good faith effort to do so (a “Failed Sale”), then, for a period of one-hundred twenty (120) days from (i) either (A) the date the ROFO Transferring Member sends the ROFO Non-Transferring Members written notice rejecting the ROFO Election Notice or ROFO Revised Election Notice, as applicable, or (B) the occurrence of a Failed Sale, or (ii) if no ROFO Election Notices were received by the date that is the fifteenth (15th) day following the delivery of the ROFO Sale Notice, subject to Section 6.1, the ROFO Transferring Member may Transfer (or enter into a binding obligation to Transfer) the ROFO Offered Interests to a third party for cash consideration greater than the cash consideration set forth in the ROFO Election Notice or ROFO Revised Election Notice with the highest cash consideration (excluding any ROFO Election Notice or ROFO Revised Election Notice with respect to a Failed Sale), provided that the ROFO Transferring Member shall be entitled to consider requirements regarding sufficient liquidity and funding certainty to consummate such sale, or if there is no valid ROFO Election Notice or ROFO Revised Election Notice on such terms as the ROFO Transferring Member may elect. For the avoidance of doubt, if a ROFO Transferring Member does not affect the Transfer (or binding obligation with respect to such Transfer) of the ROFO Offered Interests within such one hundred twenty (120) day period, then any Transfer of Interests by the Members shall again be subject to the provisions of this Section 6.7.
6.8. Substitution of Members. The admission of a substitute Member shall not result in the release of the Member who assigned or Transferred the Interests from any liability that such Member may have to the Company.
6.9. Rights of Legal Representatives. If a Member who is an individual dies or is adjudged by a court of competent jurisdiction to be incompetent to manage such Member’s person or property, the Member’s executor, administrator, guardian, conservator or other legal representative may exercise all of the Member’s rights hereunder. Upon the occurrence of a Dissolution of a Member that is not a natural person, the powers of that Member may be exercised by its legal representative or successor.
6.10. No Effect to Transfers in Violation of this Agreement; Specific Performance. Any purported Transfer of any Interests in violation of this Article 6 shall be null and void, and the purported transferee shall not become either a Member or a holder of an Economic Interest. In addition, each Member agrees that an action at law would not be an adequate remedy for a breach or default by, or threatened breach or default by, such Member of the provisions of this Article 6. As such, each Member agrees that in the event of any such breach or default or threatened breach or default, in addition to all other remedies provided elsewhere in this Agreement or by applicable law, the Company, and the other Members shall be entitled to relief in equity (including a temporary restraining order, temporary or preliminary injunction, and mandatory or prohibitory injunction) to restrain the continuation of such breach or default, the occurrence of such threatened breach or default, or to compel compliance with such provisions of this Agreement without the necessity of any posting of a bond or other undertaking in connection therewith. Any such requirement of a bond or undertaking is hereby waived by each Member and each Member acknowledges that in the absence of such a waiver such a bond or undertaking might be required.
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Article
7
BOOKS, RECORDS, REPORTS AND BANK ACCOUNTS
7.1. Maintenance of Books and Records. The books and records of the Company shall be kept, and the financial position and the result of its operations recorded, in accordance with the Company’s method of accounting. The books and records shall reflect all the Company transactions and shall be appropriate and adequate for the Company’s business. The Company shall maintain at its principal office all of the following:
7.1.1. A current list of the full name and last known business or residence address of each Member and assignee of a Transfer, together with the Capital Contributions and number of Interests of each Member;
7.1.2. The full name and business address of the Managers of the Company’s business;
7.1.3. A copy of the Certificate of Formation, and any and all amendments thereto, together with executed copies of any powers of attorney pursuant to which the Certificate of Formation or any amendments to the Certificate of Formation have been executed;
7.1.4. Copies of the Company’s federal, state and local income tax or information returns and reports, if any, for the six (6) most recent taxable years;
7.1.5. A copy of this Agreement, and any and all amendments to this Agreement, together with executed copies of any powers of attorney pursuant to which this Agreement or any amendments to this Agreement have been executed;
7.1.6. Copies of the financial statements of the Company, if any, for its three (3) most recent Fiscal Years (except as otherwise required by law or unanimously agreed to by the Members); provided, however, that (i) with respect to Fiscal Year 2020, the Company shall be required to provide consolidated financial statements of the Company and its Subsidiaries, reviewed by a certified accounting firm, and (ii) with respect to Fiscal Year 2021 and each Fiscal Year thereafter, the Company shall be required to provide audited consolidated financial statements of the Company and its Subsidiaries;
7.1.7. The Company’s books and records as they relate to the internal affairs of the Company for at least the current and past four (4) Fiscal Years (except as otherwise required by law or unanimously agreed to by the Members);
7.1.8. Upon the request of any Information Rights Member for purposes reasonably related to the interest of that Person as a Member, the Company shall deliver to the requesting Member a copy (electronic copies being sufficient) of the information required to be maintained under Sections 7.1.1 through 7.1.7. The Company shall also provide the Information Rights Members copies (electronic copies being sufficient) of the following information: (i) within one-hundred eighty (180) days after the close of each Fiscal Year, consolidated financial statements of the Company and its Subsidiaries; (ii) within forty-five (45) days after the close of each fiscal quarter beginning with the first fiscal quarter of 2020, quarterly consolidated financial statements of the Company and its Subsidiaries; (iii) projections and budgets as prepared and delivered to the Board or any committee thereof, or otherwise provided to the Board of any committee thereof; and (iv) such other information as may be reasonably requested by such Information Rights Member; provided, that the Company may withhold other information to satisfy bona fide confidentiality obligations and maintain applicable legal privileges; and
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7.1.9. The Company shall permit any representatives designated by any Information Rights Member, upon reasonable notice and during normal business hours and at such other times as any such holder may reasonably request, to (i) visit and inspect any of the properties of the Company and its subsidiaries, (ii) examine the corporate and financial records of the Company and its subsidiaries, and (iii) discuss the affairs, finances and accounts of any such companies with the managers, officers, key employees and accountants of the Company and its subsidiaries; provided, that the visits, inspections, examinations and discussions do not unreasonably divert employees from day to day operations or cause the Company to incur any expenses except de minimis expenses; provided further, that the Company may withhold information during such visits, inspections, examinations and discussions in order to satisfy bona fide confidentiality obligations and maintain applicable legal privileges.
7.2. Bank Accounts. The bank accounts of the Company shall be maintained in such banking institutions as the Board shall determine. The Manager and Officers with delegated authority shall have the right to sign checks and make withdrawals from such accounts.
7.3. Confidentiality. No Member shall at any time (whether during or after the period such Person is a Member or Manager of the Company) (i) retain or use for the benefit, purposes or account of the Member or Manager or any other Person; or (ii) disclose, divulge, reveal, communicate, share, transfer or provide access to any Person outside the Company (other than its professional advisers who are bound by confidentiality obligations which are at least restrictive as set forth in this Section 7.3), any non-public, proprietary or confidential information (including trade secrets, know-how, research and development, software, databases, inventions, processes, formulae, technology, designs and other intellectual property, information concerning finances, investments, profits, pricing, costs, products, services, vendors, customers, clients, partners, investors, personnel, compensation, recruiting, training, advertising, sales, marketing, promotions, government and regulatory activities and approval) concerning the past, current or future business, activities and operations of the Company or its Affiliates and/or any third party that has disclosed or provided any of same to the Company on a confidential basis (“Confidential Information”) without the prior authorization of the Company. Notwithstanding the foregoing, nothing in this Agreement shall preclude any Member from (i) using any Confidential Information in any manner reasonably connected to his or its investment in the Company or the conduct of the Company’s business; and (ii) disclosing the Confidential Information in connection with a proposed Transfer in accordance with this Agreement provided that the proposed transferee is bound by confidentiality obligations at least as restrictive as those set forth herein. Confidential Information shall not include any information that is (1) generally known to the industry or the public other than as a result of the Member’s breach of this covenant or any breach of other confidentiality obligations by third parties; (2) made legitimately available to the Member by a third party without breach of any confidentiality obligation; or (3) required by applicable law or any governmental authority to be disclosed; provided that in connection with sub-clause (3), the Member shall give prompt written notice to the Company of such requirement, disclose no more information than is so required, and cooperate with any attempts by the Company to obtain a protective order or similar treatment, in each case, to the extent permitted by law.
Article
8
DISSOLUTION AND LIQUIDATION
8.1. Dissolution of the Company. The Company shall be dissolved on the happening of any of the following events, subject to the provisions of Section 8.2 hereof:
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8.1.1. The decision of the Board, the Skybound Members and the Preferred Members to dissolve and wind up the affairs of the Company in accordance with Section 5.2.3, Section 5.2.4 and Section 5.2.5; and
8.1.2. Except as otherwise provided in the Agreement, upon the occurrence of any other event causing termination of the Company under the laws of the State of Delaware.
8.2. Winding Up and Dissolution.
8.2.1. Upon the Dissolution of the Company, the winding up of the Company’s business and the distribution of Company property and assets shall be carried out in as expeditious a manner as is reasonably practicable and consistent with the provisions of this Section 8.2 and applicable law.
8.2.2. The “Liquidator” (as hereafter defined) shall be responsible for taking all actions relating to the winding up and distribution of the assets of the Company. Alpert shall hereinafter be referred to in this Section 8.2 as the “Liquidator.” If Alpert is not willing or able to act as the Liquidator, such Member shall not be in default hereunder and another Member shall be the Liquidator. The Liquidator shall collect all sums due and owing to the Company, including sums due in accordance with Section 8.5 hereof, and shall file all certificates or notices of the dissolution of the Company as required by law. Upon the complete liquidation and distribution of Property, the Members shall cease to be Members of the Company, and the Liquidator shall execute, acknowledge and cause to be filed all certificates and notices required by law to terminate the Company. A Member who acts as the Liquidator shall not be entitled to receive any compensation therefor.
8.2.3. The Liquidator shall proceed without any unnecessary delay to sell and otherwise liquidate Property; provided, however, that if the Liquidator shall determine in good faith that an immediate sale of part or all of the Property would cause undue loss to the Members, the Liquidator may, in order to avoid such loss, defer the liquidation of the Property for a reasonable time, except for such liquidations as may be necessary to satisfy the debts and liabilities of the Company to Persons and parties other than the Members. The proceeds from the sale and liquidation of Property shall be distributed as provided in Section 8.3 hereof.
8.2.4. Upon the dissolution of the Company, the Liquidator shall cause the accountants of the Company to prepare, within thirty (30) days of such dissolution, and shall immediately furnish to each Member, a statement setting forth the assets and liabilities of the Company as of the date of its dissolution. Promptly following the complete liquidation and distribution of Property, the Company’s accountants shall prepare, and the Liquidator shall furnish to each Member, a statement showing the manner in which Property was liquidated and distributed.
8.3. Distribution of Liquidation Proceeds. The amounts received by the Liquidator on the sale or other disposition of the Company’s assets or the distribution of assets in kind shall be distributed and applied in the following order of priority:
8.3.1. To the costs of sale of Property and the liquidation and dissolution of the Company, including brokerage commissions, escrow costs, accounting and legal fees and other expenses;
8.3.2. To the payment of debts and liabilities of the Company, including loans or other debts and liabilities (other than liabilities for distributions as provided in Article 4) of the Company to Members or former Members;
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8.3.3. To the setting up of any Reserves that the Liquidator shall deem reasonably necessary for contingent or unforeseen liabilities or obligations of the Company arising out of or in connection with the business of the Company; and
8.3.4. To Preferred Members, to the extent of, and in proportion to, each Member’s Preferred Liquidation Preference; and
8.3.5. Next after payment of all amounts to the Preferred Members under Section 8.3.4, to all Members in proportion to their Pro Rata Shares; provided that no Preferred Member will receive, in aggregate under this Section 8.3.5 an amount in excess of such Preferred Member’s Preferred Liquidation Preference with respect to the applicable Preferred Interest; provided further that, in the event of a Deemed Liquidation Event, if the amount distributable pursuant to this Section 8.3 with respect to a Preferred Interest upon conversion into a Common Interest would be greater than the amount distributable to a Preferred Interest, then such Preferred Interest shall be deemed to have been converted into Common Interests immediately prior to the Deemed Liquidation Event. For the avoidance of doubt, the amounts payable to the Preferred Members under this Section 8.3.5 on account of their Preferred Interests shall be in addition to any amounts payable to the Preferred Members under Section 8.3.4 on account of their Preferred Interests.
8.4. Limitation on Liability of Members. Upon the dissolution of the Company and the distribution of the net proceeds and assets pursuant to Section 8.3 hereof, each Member shall look solely to the Property for the return of its Capital Contributions, and if the Property remaining after the payment or discharge of the debts and liabilities of the Company are insufficient to return the full amount of the Capital Contributions of each Member, the Member shall have no recourse or claim against the Liquidator, or any Member.
8.5. Liquidating Trust. Distributions pursuant to this Article 8 may be distributed to a trust established for the benefit of the Members for the purposes of liquidating Property, collecting amounts owed to the Company, and paying any contingent or unforeseen liabilities or obligations of the Company or of the Liquidator, arising out of or in connection with the Company. The assets of any such trust shall be distributed to the Members from time to time, in the reasonable discretion of the Liquidator, in the same proportions as the amount distributed to such trust by the Company would otherwise have been distributed to the Members pursuant to this Agreement.
8.6. Waiver of Right to Dissolve. Each Member expressly waives its right to dissolve the Company or to obtain dissolution in any way except as provided in this Agreement
8.7. Limitations on Payments Made in Dissolution. Each Member shall be entitled to look only to the assets of the Company for distributions to be made to such Member upon the dissolution of the Company, and no Member, Manager or officer of the Company shall have any personal liability therefor.
8.8. Certificate of Cancellation. Upon completion of the winding up of the Company’s affairs, the Company shall file a Certificate of Cancellation of the Certificate of Formation with the Secretary of State. The Company shall also file such withdrawals of qualification to do business and take such other actions in such jurisdictions as the Board determines are necessary or appropriate to terminate the legal existence or qualification of the Company.
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Article 9
PREFERRED PROVISIONS
9.1. Conversion to Common Interests.
9.1.1. Subject to the provisions of this Section 9.1, a holder of Preferred Interests may, by giving notice to the Company, convert some or all of its owned Preferred Interests into Common Interests. The number of Common Interests deliverable upon conversion of Preferred Interests shall be equal to the product of (i) the number of Preferred Interests to be converted and (ii) the Conversion Rate (defined below).
9.1.2. The Series A Preferred Interests must convert into Common Interests at the applicable Conversion Rate upon the written consent of the holders of at least two-thirds of the outstanding Series A Preferred Interests. The Series B Preferred Interests must convert into Common Interests at the applicable Conversion Rate upon the written consent of the holders of a majority of the outstanding Series B Preferred Interests. A mandatory conversion pursuant this Section 9.1.2 will be deemed to have been effected immediately prior to the delivery to the Company of such election to convert pursuant to this Section 9.1.2; provided that such written consent may provide that the conversion be conditioned upon, and be effective as of, the occurrence of an event specified in such written consent.
9.1.3. All Preferred Interests must convert into Common Interests at the applicable Conversion Rate upon an IPO. A conversion pursuant to this Section 9.1.3 shall be deemed to have been effected immediately prior to the IPO.
9.1.4. Upon a conversion in accordance with this Section 9.1, the Person in whose name or names any Common Interests are issuable upon such conversion shall be deemed to have become the holder of record of the Common Interests represented thereby at such respective time on such date of the conversion, and such conversion shall be into a number of Common Interests equal to the product of (i) the number of Preferred Interests to be converted and (ii) the applicable Conversion Rate. Upon conversion to Common Interests, such Preferred Interests shall no longer be deemed to be outstanding and all rights of a holder with respect to such Preferred Interests shall immediately terminate except the right to receive Common Interests and other amounts payable pursuant to this Section 9.1. Prior to the delivery of any securities that the Company is obligated to deliver upon conversion of Preferred Interests to Common Interests, the Company shall comply with all applicable federal and state laws and regulations which require action by the Company.
9.1.5. The “Conversion Rate” shall mean a rate equal the Series A Original Issue Price divided by the Series A Conversion Price for the Series A Preferred Interests and shall mean a rate equal the Series B Original Issue Price divided by the Series B Conversion Price for the Series B Preferred Interests. The “Series A Conversion Price” shall mean an amount initially equal to the Series A Original Issue Price, provided that the Series A Conversion Price is subject to adjustment as set forth in Section 9.2 for the Series A Preferred Interests. The “Series B Conversion Price” shall mean an amount initially equal to the Series B Original Issue Price, provided that the Series B Conversion Price is subject to adjustment as set forth in Section 9.2 for the Series B Preferred Interests.
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9.2. Adjustments to Conversion Price for Diluting Issues.
9.2.1. Adjustments for Subdivisions or Combinations of Common Interests. After the Series B Original Issue Date, if the outstanding number of Common Interests shall be subdivided (by split, dividend or otherwise) into a greater number of Common Interests, the Conversion Price in effect immediately prior to such subdivision shall, concurrently with the effectiveness of such subdivision, be equitably and proportionately decreased. After Series B Original Issue Date, if the outstanding number of Common Interests shall be combined (by reclassification or otherwise) into a lesser number of Common Interests, the Conversion Price in effect immediately prior to such combination shall, concurrently with the effectiveness of such combination, be equitably and proportionately increased.
9.2.2. Adjustments for Reclassification, Exchange and Substitution. If the Common Interests issuable upon conversion of the Preferred Interests shall be changed into the same or a different number of securities, whether by capital reorganization, reclassification or otherwise (other than a subdivision or combination provided for in Section 9.2.1 or a Deemed Liquidation Event subject to Section 9.3), then in any such event each holder of Preferred Interests shall thereafter have the right thereafter to convert such Preferred Interests into the kind and amount of interests and other securities and property receivable upon such capital reorganization, reclassification or other transaction by a Member of the number of Common Interests into which such Preferred Member’s Preferred Interests could have been converted immediately prior to such recapitalization, reclassification or change.
9.2.3. Adjustments for Dilutive Issuances. After the Series B Original Issue Date, if the Company shall issue or sell any Interests for a consideration per Interest less than the Conversion Price in effect immediately prior to such issuance or sale, then immediately upon such issuance or sale the Conversion Price shall be reduced to a price determined in accordance with the following formula:
CP2 = (D* (A + B)) ÷ (E* (A + C)).
For purposes of the foregoing formula, the following definitions shall apply:
“CP2” shall mean the Conversion Price in effect immediately after such issuance or deemed issuance of additional Interests;
“A” shall mean the number of shares of Common Interests outstanding immediately prior to such issuance or deemed issuance of additional Interests
“B” shall mean the number of additional Interests that would have been issued if such additional Interests had been issued or deemed issued at a price per interest equal to CP1 (determined by dividing the aggregate consideration received by the Company in respect of such issue by CP1), provided that “CP1” shall mean the Conversion Price in effect immediately prior to such issuance or deemed issuance of additional Interests;
“C” shall mean the number of such additional Interests issued in such transaction;
“D” shall mean the Original Issue Price multiplied by the number of Preferred Interests outstanding; and
“E” shall mean the number of shares of Common Interests issuable upon conversion of Preferred Interests outstanding immediately prior to such issue.
9.2.4. Special Exclusions to Dilutive Issuances. For purposes of Section 9.2.3, none of the following issuances shall be considered an issuance or sale of Interests or shall be the basis for an adjustment to the Conversion Price pursuant to Section 9.2:
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9.2.4.1. the issuance of Common Interests upon conversion of Preferred Interests;
9.2.4.2. the issuance of Common Interests as a dividend on the Common Interests, or as a result of a subdivision of Common Interests subject to Section 9.2.1 above;
9.2.4.3. the issuance of Common Interests to employees or directors of, or consultants or advisors to, the Company pursuant to a plan, agreement or arrangement approved by the Board (including the vote at a duly convened meeting of the Board), provided that the Lead Series A Investor and the Lead Series B Investor must also provide its affirmative approval;
9.2.4.4. the issuance of Common Interests to strategic partners or in connection with other commercial arrangements involving the Company or any Company Subsidiary, on terms and conditions approved by the Board, provided that the Lead Series A Investor and the Lead Series B Investor must also provide its affirmative approval;
9.2.4.5. the issuance of Interests as acquisition consideration pursuant to the acquisition of another corporation or Person by the Company by merger, purchase of substantially all of the assets or other reorganization or to a joint venture agreement, provided that such acquisition is on terms and conditions approved by the Board, provided that the Lead Series A Investor and the Lead Series B Investor must also provide its affirmative approval;
9.2.4.6. the issuance of Interests to banks, equipment lessors or other financial institutions, or to real property lessors, pursuant to a debt financing, equipment leasing or real property leasing transaction approved by the Board; or
9.2.4.7. the issuance of Options or Interests pursuant to the Option Plan, as currently in effect and as may from time to time be amended, not to exceed, in the aggregate, ten percent (10%) of the equity Interests of the Company on a fully diluted basis.
9.2.5. Additional Conversion Provisions. For purposes of Section 9.2.3, the following provision shall also be applicable:
9.2.5.1. In case at any time the Company shall grant any rights to subscribe for, or any rights or options to purchase, Interests, whether or not such rights or options or the right to convert or exchange are immediately exercisable, and the price per Interest for which Interests are issuable upon such exercise, conversion or exchange (determined by dividing (i) the total amount, if any, received or receivable by the Company as consideration for the granting of such rights or options, plus the minimum aggregate amount of additional consideration payable to the Company upon the exercise of such rights or options, plus, in the case of any such rights or options which relate to such convertible securities, the minimum aggregate amount of additional consideration, if any, payable upon the issue or sale of such convertible securities and upon the conversion or exchange thereof, by (ii) the total maximum number of Interests issuable upon the exercise of such rights or options or upon the conversion or exchange of all such convertible securities issuable upon the exercise of such rights or options) shall be less than the Conversion Price in effect immediately prior to the time of the granting of such rights or options, then the total maximum number of Interests issuable upon the exercise of such rights or options or upon conversion or exchange of the total maximum amount of such convertible securities issuable upon the exercise of such rights or options shall (as of the date of granting of such rights or options) be deemed to be outstanding and to have been issued for the price per Interest (calculated as described above), provided that if any such issue or sale of Interests is made upon exercise of any rights or options to purchase Interests for which adjustments of the conversion price have been or are to be made pursuant to other provisions of Section 9.2.3, no further adjustment of the conversion price shall be made by reason of such issue or sale.
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9.2.5.2. In case at any time the Company shall issue or sell any convertible securities, whether or not the rights to exchange or convert thereunder are immediately exercisable, and the price per Interest for which Interests are issuable upon such conversion or exchange (determined by dividing (i) the total amount received or receivable by the Company as consideration for the issue or sale of such convertible securities, plus the minimum aggregate amount of additional consideration, if any, payable to the Company upon the conversion or exchange thereof, by (ii) the total maximum number of Interests issuable upon the conversion or exchange of all such convertible securities) shall be less than the Conversion Price in effect immediately prior to the time of such issue or sale, then the total maximum number of Interests issuable upon conversion or exchange of such convertible securities shall (as of the date of the issue or sale of such convertible securities) be deemed to be outstanding and to have been issued for such price per Interest (calculated as described above), provided that if any such issue or sale of such convertible securities is made upon exercise of any rights to subscribe for or to purchase or any option to purchase any such convertible securities for which adjustments of the conversion price have been or are to be made pursuant to other provisions of Section 9.2.3, no duplicative adjustment of the conversion price shall be made by reason of such issue or sale.
9.2.5.3. In case at any time any Interests or convertible securities or any rights or options to purchase any such Interests, or convertible securities shall be issued or sold for cash, the consideration received therefor shall be deemed to be the amount received by the Company therefor. In case any Interests or convertible securities or any rights or options to purchase any such Interests or convertible securities shall be issued or sold for a consideration other than cash, the amount of the consideration other than cash received by the Company shall be deemed to be the fair value of such consideration as determined in good faith by the Board.
9.2.5.4. Upon the expiration of any rights or options, rights to subscribe for, or any rights or options to purchase, Interests or any convertible securities, which shall not have been exercised or converted, the Conversion Price, computed upon the original issue thereof (or upon the occurrence of a record date with respect thereto), and any subsequent adjustments based thereon, shall, upon such expiration, be recomputed as if the only additional Interests issued were the Interests, if any, actually issued upon the exercise or conversion of such rights, options or convertible securities and the consideration received therefor was the consideration actually received by the Company for the issuance of all such rights, options or convertible securities, whether or not exercised or converted, plus the consideration actually received by the Company upon such exercise or conversion.
9.2.6. No Adjustment of Conversion Price. No adjustment in the Series A Conversion Price shall be made as the result of the issuance or deemed issuance of additional Interests if the Company receives written notice from the holders of at least two-thirds of the outstanding Series A Preferred Interests agreeing that no such adjustment shall be made as the result of the issuance or deemed issuance of such additional Interests. No adjustment in the Series B Conversion Price shall be made as the result of the issuance or deemed issuance of additional Interests if the Company receives written notice from the holders of a majority of the outstanding Series B Preferred Interests agreeing that no such adjustment shall be made as the result of the issuance or deemed issuance of such additional Interests.
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9.3. Deemed Liquidation Event.
9.3.1. Upon a Deemed Liquidation Event, unless waived by the holders of at least fifty five percent (55%) of Preferred Interests (voting together as a single class on an as-if-converted basis), each holder of a Preferred Interest will receive an amount on account of each Preferred Interest that such Preferred Member would be entitled to receive in accordance with a dissolution effectuated in accordance with Section 8.3.
9.3.2. For the avoidance of doubt, in the event of a Deemed Liquidation Event, if any portion of the consideration payable directly to the Members in respect of their Interests and/or if any portion of the consideration that is payable to the Members is placed into escrow and/or is payable to the Members subject to contingencies, the principal transaction agreement shall provide that (i) the portion of such consideration that is not placed in escrow and not subject to any contingencies (the “Initial Consideration”) shall be allocated among the holders of Common Interests and Preferred Interests in accordance with Section 8.3 as if the Initial Consideration were the only consideration payable in connection with such Deemed Liquidation Event, and (ii) any additional consideration which becomes payable to the Members of the Company upon release from escrow, release from a holdback, satisfaction of indemnification contingencies or satisfaction of other contingencies shall be allocated among the holders of Common Interests and Preferred Interests in accordance with Section 8.3 after taking into account the previous payment of the Initial Consideration as part of the same transaction.
9.3.3. Registration Rights. In the event the Company offers any Member a right to register Interests, Interest equivalents or any other securities issued by the Company under the Securities Act, as amended, including customary demand or piggyback registration rights, the Company shall afford each holder of Preferred Interests the same rights on terms no less favorable than those offered to other Members.
9.3.4. Voting. Each Preferred Member may vote on matters presented to the Members of the Company in accordance with this Agreement. Each Preferred Member has the right to a number of votes on account of such Preferred Member’s Preferred Interests equal to the number of Common Interests issuable upon conversion of such Preferred Member’s Preferred Interests.
Article
10
MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS
10.1. Amendments; Waivers. Subject to Section 5.2.4.1, Section 5.2.5, and Section 5.3, this Agreement shall be amended, and provisions hereof shall be waived, only with the affirmative vote or the written consent of (i) the holders of a majority of the then-outstanding Common Interests, and (ii) the holders of a majority of the then-outstanding Preferred Interests (voting together as a single class on an as-if-converted basis). Notwithstanding the foregoing:
10.1.1. If any amendment or waiver materially and disproportionately affects the economic interest of a Series A Preferred Member relative to other Series A Preferred Members such amendment or waiver shall require the written consent of such Series A Preferred Member;
10.1.2. If any amendment or waiver materially and disproportionately affects the economic interest of a Series B Preferred Member relative to other Series B Preferred Members such amendment or waiver shall require the written consent of such Series B Preferred Member; and
10.1.3. If any amendment or waiver materially and disproportionately affects the economic interest of an Incentive Plan Member such amendment or waiver shall require the written consent of such Incentive Plan Member.
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10.2. Successors and Assigns. This Agreement shall be binding upon, and, as to permitted or accepted successors, transferees and assigns, inure to the benefit of the Members and the Company and their respective successors and assigns.
10.3. Severability. In the event any provision or any sentence within any Section, is declared by a court of competent jurisdiction to be void or unenforceable, such provision or sentence shall be deemed severed from the remainder of this Agreement and the balance of this Agreement shall remain in full force and effect.
10.4. Notices. Any notice or other communication required or permitted hereunder shall be in writing and shall be deemed to have been given if personally delivered, sent by reputable overnight courier service, or deposited in the United States mail, registered or certified, postage prepaid, addressed to the parties’ addresses set forth below. Notices given in the manner provided for in this Section 10.4 shall be deemed effective on the third day following deposit in the mail or on the day of transmission or delivery if given by personal delivery, overnight courier service or electronic transmission. Notices must be addressed to the parties hereto at the addresses set forth on Exhibit A, unless the same shall have been changed by notice in accordance herewith.
10.5. Construction. The language in all parts of this Agreement shall be in all cases construed simply according to its fair meaning and not strictly for or against any of the Members.
10.6. Section Headings. The captions of the Articles or Sections in this Agreement are for convenience only and in no way define, limit, extend or describe the scope or intent of any of the provisions hereof, shall not be deemed part of this Agreement and shall not be used in construing or interpreting this Agreement.
10.7. Governing Law. This Agreement shall be construed according to the laws of the State of Delaware, without reference to its principles of conflict of laws.
10.8. Further Assurances. Each Member, upon the request of another Member, agrees to perform all further acts and execute, acknowledge and deliver all documents which may be reasonably necessary, appropriate or desirable to carry out the provisions and intent of this Agreement.
10.9. Pronouns and Plurals; Statutory References. Whenever the context may require, any pronoun used in this Agreement shall include the corresponding masculine, feminine and neuter forms, and the singular form of nouns, pronouns and verbs shall include the plural and vice versa. Any reference to the Code, the Regulations, the Act, or other statutes or laws, will include all amendments, modifications or replacements of the specific sections and provisions concerned.
10.10. Time of the Essence. Except as otherwise provided herein, time is of the essence in connection with each and every provision of this Agreement.
10.11. Third Party Beneficiaries. Except as expressly set forth herein, there are no third party beneficiaries of this Agreement.
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10.12. Partitions. The Members agree that the Property that the Company may own or have an interest in is not suitable for partition. Each of the Members hereby irrevocably waives any and all rights that it may have to maintain any action for partition of any Property in which the Company may at any time have an interest.
10.13. Entire Agreement. This Agreement and the Certificate of Formation constitute the entire agreement of the Members with respect to, and supersedes all prior written and oral agreements, understandings and negotiations with respect to, the subject matter hereof.
10.14. Waiver. No failure by any party to insist upon the strict performance of any covenant, duty, agreement or condition of this Agreement or to exercise any right or remedy consequent upon a breach thereof shall constitute a waiver of any such breach or any other covenant, duty, agreement or condition.
10.15. Attorneys’ Fees. In the event of any litigation, arbitration or other dispute arising as a result of or by reason of this Agreement, the prevailing party in any such litigation, arbitration or other dispute shall be entitled to, in addition to any other damages assessed, its reasonable attorneys’ fees, and all other costs and expenses incurred in connection with settling or resolving such dispute.
10.16. Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in several counterparts, and all counterparts so executed shall constitute one Agreement, binding on all of the parties hereto, notwithstanding that all of the parties are not signatory to the original or the same counterpart.
10.17. Spousal Issues. The parties acknowledge that, upon the marriage of any Member who is an individual, Interests standing in the name of such Member may, in whole or in part, constitute community property of such Member and his spouse. Accordingly, such community property interest in such Interests may be subject to a right of testamentary disposition by such spouse upon his death and a right of division of marital property upon dissolution of their marriage. The parties agree that Interests acquired by any Person (including any Member) pursuant to any testate or intestate transfer or other Transfer by the spouse of a Member or pursuant to a division of marital property upon the dissolution of marriage of a Member and his spouse, shall be subject to all of the provisions of this Agreement, including, without limitation, the provisions hereof limiting a Member’s ability to Transfer Interests owned by such Member. Upon the marriage of any Member, such Member promptly shall deliver to the Company a consent to the terms and conditions of this Agreement substantially in the form of Exhibit B attached hereto, duly completed and executed by such spouse.
10.18. Corporation Intended Solely for Tax Purposes. The Members have formed the Company as a Delaware limited liability company under the Act, and do not intend to form a general or limited partnership under Delaware or any other state law. Furthermore, as of the Effective Date, the Members do not intend for the Company to be classified and treated as a partnership for federal and state income taxation purposes and the instead intend for the Company to be classified and treated as a corporation for federal and state income taxation purposes. Each Member and each holder of an Economic Interest agrees to act consistently with the foregoing provisions of this Section 10.18 for all purposes, including, without limitation, for purposes of reporting the transactions contemplated herein to the Internal Revenue Service and all state and local taxing authorities.
10.19. Interpretation. In the event any claim is made by any Member relating to any conflict, omission, or ambiguity in this Agreement, no presumption or burden of proof or persuasion shall be implied by virtue of the fact that this Agreement was prepared by or at the request of a particular Member or its counsel. The use of the word “including” in this Agreement shall mean “including without limitation”.
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10.20. Reliance on Authority of Person Signing Agreement. If a Member is not a natural Person, neither the Company nor any Member will (i) be required to determine the authority of the individual signing this Agreement to make any commitment or undertaking on behalf of such entity or to determine any fact or circumstance bearing upon the existence of the authority of such individual or (ii) be responsible for the application or distribution of proceeds paid or credited to individuals signing this Agreement on behalf of such entity.
10.21. Warranties and Representations. Each Member separately represents and warrants that such Member is not a party to any pending or threatened suit, action, or legal, administrative, arbitration, or other proceeding that might materially and adversely affect the business of the Company or the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, nor does such Member know of any facts that are likely with the passage of time to give rise to such a suit, action, or proceeding. Each Member separately represents and warrants that such Member is not a party to any agreement, understanding, commitment, or other obligation that prohibits or restricts such Member’s performance under this Agreement.
10.22. Delivery by PDF Attachment or Electronic Signature. This Agreement and any amendments hereto, to the extent signed and delivered by means of a PDF attachment, DocuSign electronic signature or other electronic transmission shall be treated in all manner and respects as an original contract and shall be considered to have the same binding legal effect as if it were the original signed version thereof delivered in person. No party hereto shall raise the use of a PDF attachment, DocuSign electronic signature or other electronic transmission to deliver a signature or the fact that any signature was transmitted or communicated through such use as a defense to the formation of a contract, and each such party forever waives any such defense.
10.23. Submission to Arbitration. In the event of any dispute, claim or controversy among the parties hereto arising out of or relating to this Agreement or Certificate of Formation, whether in contract, tort, equity or otherwise, and whether relating to the meaning, interpretation, effect, validity, performance or enforcement of this Agreement or the Certificate of Formation, such dispute, claim or controversy shall be resolved by and through an arbitration proceeding to be conducted under the auspices and the comprehensive arbitration rules and procedures of the JAMS (or any like organization successor thereto) in Los Angeles, California. The arbitrability of the dispute, claim or controversy shall likewise be determined in the arbitration. The arbitration proceeding shall be conducted in as expedited a manner as is then permitted by the comprehensive arbitration rules and procedures of the JAMS. Both the foregoing agreement of the parties to arbitrate any and all such disputes, claims and controversies, and the results, determinations, findings, judgments, orders and/or awards rendered through any such arbitration shall be final and binding on the parties and may be specifically enforced by legal proceedings in any court of competent jurisdiction. The arbitrator(s) shall follow any applicable federal law and Delaware state law (with respect to all matters of substantive law) in rendering an award. The cost of the arbitration proceeding and any proceeding in court to confirm or to vacate any arbitration award, as applicable (including each party’s attorneys’ fees and costs), shall be borne by the unsuccessful party or, at the discretion of the arbitrator(s), may be prorated between the parties in such proportion as the arbitrator(s) determine(s) to be equitable and shall be awarded as part of the arbitrator’s(s’) award.
10.24. Equitable Remedies. Each party hereto acknowledges that a breach or threatened breach by such party of any of its obligations under this Agreement would give rise to irreparable harm to the other parties, for which monetary damages would not be an adequate remedy, and hereby agrees that in the event of a breach or a threatened breach by such party of any such obligations, each of the other parties hereto shall, in addition to any and all other rights and remedies that may be available to them in respect of such breach, be entitled to equitable relief, including a temporary restraining order, an injunction, specific performance and any other relief that may be available from a court of competent jurisdiction (without any requirement to post bond).
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10.25. Bad Actor Provisions.
10.25.1. Each Person with the right to designate or participate in the designation of a Manager pursuant to this Agreement hereby represents that (i) such Person has exercised reasonable care to determine whether any Disqualification Event is applicable to such Person, any Manager designee designated by such Person pursuant to this Agreement or any of such Person’s Rule 506(d) Related Parties, except, if applicable, for a Disqualification Event as to which Rule 506(d)(2)(ii) or (iii) or (d)(3) is applicable and (ii) no Disqualification Event is applicable to such Person, any Manager designated by such Person pursuant to this Agreement or any of such Person’s Rule 506(d) Related Parties, except, if applicable, for a Disqualification Event as to which Rule 506(d)(2)(ii) or (iii) or (d)(3) is applicable. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Agreement, each Preferred Member makes no representation regarding any Person that may be deemed to be a beneficial owner of the Company’s voting equity securities held by such Preferred Member solely by virtue of that Person being or becoming a party to (x) this Agreement, as may be subsequently amended, or (y) any other contract or written agreement to which the Company and such Preferred Member are parties regarding (1) the voting power, which includes the power to vote or to direct the voting of, such security; and/or (2) the investment power, which includes the power to dispose, or to direct the disposition of, such security.
10.25.2. The Company hereby represents and warrants to the Preferred Member that no Disqualification Event is applicable to the Company or, to the Company’s knowledge, any Company Covered Person, except for a Disqualification Event as to which Rule 506(d)(2)(ii–iv) or (d)(3) is applicable.
10.25.3. Each Person with the right to designate or participate in the designation of a Manager pursuant to this Agreement covenants and agrees (i) not to designate or participate in the designation of any Manager designee who, to such Person’s knowledge, is a Disqualified Designee, (ii) to exercise reasonable care to determine whether any Manager designee designated by such person is a Disqualified Designee, (iii) that in the event such Person becomes aware that any individual previously designated by any such Person is or has become a Disqualified Designee, such Person shall as promptly as practicable take such actions as are necessary to remove such Disqualified Designee from the Board and designate a replacement designee who is not a Disqualified Designee, and (iv) to notify the Company promptly in writing in the event a Disqualification Event becomes applicable to such Person or any of its Rule 506(d) Related Parties, or, to such Person’s knowledge, to such Person’s initial designee named in Section 5.2, except, if applicable, for a Disqualification Event as to which Rule 506(d)(2)(ii) or (iii) or (d)(3) is applicable
10.26. Right to Convert to Corporate Form. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary set forth herein, by the affirmative vote or written consent of (a) at least two-thirds of the Members and (b) holders of at least fifty-five percent (55%) of the outstanding Preferred Interests (voting together as a single class on an as-if-converted basis), the Members may, at any time by not less than ten (10) days prior written notice given to all Members, cause the Company to convert to one or more corporations, by such means (including, without limitation, merger or consolidation or other business combination; transfer of all or a part of the Company’s assets; and/or transfer of the Members’ respective Interests) as the Members by affirmative vote of (a) at least two-thirds of the Members and (b) holders of at least fifty-five percent (55%) of the outstanding Preferred Interests (voting together as a single class on an as-if-converted basis) may reasonably select. Upon such conversion:
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10.26.1. The Interests of each Member must be exchanged for, or otherwise converted into, shares of capital stock of such corporation or corporations representing an equity interest therein equivalent to such Member’s equity interest in the Company (including having materially the same liquidation preferences, conversion rights, preferred return rights, and voting rights).
10.26.2. The stockholders of such corporation or corporations, and such corporation or corporations, must enter into a stockholders agreement incorporating the material terms of this Agreement.
10.26.3. Each Person that is now or hereafter becomes a Member of the Company by execution of this Agreement, an amendment hereto, or an instrument acknowledging that such Person is bound hereby, irrevocably constitutes and appoints any Person designated by the Board for the purposes contemplated in this Section 10.26 (the “Authorized Agent”) to act on such Person’s behalf for the purposes of this Section 10.26 and appoints the Authorized Agent to be such Person’s true and lawful agent and attorney-in-fact with full power and authority in such Person’s name, place, and stead to execute, acknowledge, deliver, swear to, file, and record at the appropriate public offices all agreements, instruments, and other documents (including the organizational documents of the corporation or corporations into which the Company may be converted as contemplated by this Section 10.26, the agreements among the stockholders of such corporation or corporations, and/or such corporation or corporations referred to in this Section 10.26 and instruments of assignment and transfer assigning the assets of the Company or the Members’ respective Interests in the Company, as the case may be, to such corporation or corporations in order to effectuate such conversion as contemplated by this Section 10.26 as are necessary or appropriate, in the reasonable opinion of the Authorized Agent, to implement and effectuate the provisions of this Section 10.26, which power of attorney is agreed and acknowledged to be irrevocable and coupled with an interest and survives any death, retirement, resignation, withdrawal, expulsion, removal, bankruptcy, dissolution, or adjudication of incompetence or insanity of any Member until such time as the provisions of this Section 10.26 have been implemented and effectuated to the reasonable satisfaction of the Authorized Agent or the Board.
(Signature Pages Follow)
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EXHIBIT A
(As of June 4, 2021 after the redemption of certain Skybound Member Common Interests)
| Member | Class of Interests | Interests | ||
| The Peanut & Pookie Family Trust Under Trust Agreement Dated May 30, 2012 David Alpert & Mia Alpert, Trustees 8931 Ellis Avenue 1st Floor, South Tower Culver City, California 90034 Email: DA@skybound.com | Common Interests | 39,311 | ||
| The Kirkman Family 2014 Trust Under Trust Agreement Dated October 27, 2014 Robert Kirkman & Sonia Kirkman, Trustees 8931 Ellis Avenue 3rd Floor, North Tower Culver City, California 90034 | Common Interests | 39,311 | ||
| Jon Goldman 5566 W. Washington Blvd. Los Angeles, CA 90016 Email: jg@skybound.com | Common Interests | 39,311 | ||
Com2uS Corporation A-dong BYC Highcity B/D 131 Gasan-Digital 1-ro Geumcheon-gu Seoul, Republic of Korea, 08506 INVEST@com2us.com |
Series A Preferred Interests | 4,800 | ||
Com2uS Corporation A-dong BYC Highcity B/D 131 Gasan-Digital 1-ro Geumcheon-gu Seoul, Republic of Korea, 08506 INVEST@com2us.com |
Series B Preferred Interests | 718 | ||
Third Wave Digital C Ventures SPV I, LLC P.O. Box 692200 Los Angeles, CA 90069 |
Series A Preferred Interests | 960 | ||
Neptune Plus Limited Ritter House, Wickhams Cay II PO Box 3170, Road Town, Tortola VG1110, British Virgin Islands |
Series A Preferred Interests | 960 | ||
Saturn Strategic Limited Ritter House, Wickhams Cay II PO Box 3170, Road Town, Tortola VG1110, British Virgin Islands |
Series A Preferred Interests | 360 | ||
Stargazer Limited Century Yard, Cricket Square, PO Box 1111 Grand Cayman KY1-1102, Cayman Islands abdullah@astrolabeholding.com |
Series A Preferred Interests | 480 | ||
Skydance Media, LLC 1161 Lincoln Blvd 4th Floor Santa Monica, CA 90403 |
Series A Preferred Interests | 960 | ||
Skydance Media, LLC 1161 Lincoln Blvd 4th Floor Santa Monica, CA 90403 |
Series B Preferred Interests | 64 | ||
Knollwood Investment Fund LLC 217 International Circle Hunt Valley, MD 21030 privateequity@kwiadvisory.com |
Series A Preferred Interests | 2,640 | ||
Knollwood Investment Fund LLC 217 International Circle Hunt Valley, MD 21030 privateequity@kwiadvisory.com |
Series B Preferred Interests | 4,792 | ||
Ghost Angel LLC 55 E 3rd Avenue San Mateo, CA 94401 |
Series B Preferred Interests | 1,917 | ||
Boost VC Fund 4, LP 55 E 3rd Avenue San Mateo, CA 94401 |
Series B Preferred Interests | 239 | ||
Hiro Capital SCSp I [Address] |
Series B Preferred Interests | 958 | ||
| Reserved for Issuance Under the Option Plan | Incentive Plan Interests | 13,816 |
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EXHIBIT B
CONSENT OF SPOUSES
I acknowledge that I have read the foregoing Limited Liability Company Operating Agreement of Mr. Mango LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (the “Company”), that I know its contents, that I consent thereto and agree to be bound by its terms, and that I have had the opportunity to consult my own counsel with respect to the Agreement. I am aware that by its provisions, among other things, my spouse agrees that transfer of his interests in the Company, including my community property interest therein (if any), is restricted in certain ways. I hereby consent to such restrictions, approve of the provisions of the Agreement, and agree that if I pre-decease my spouse, the successors of my community property interest (if any) in such Interests shall hold such Interests subject to the provisions of the Agreement.
| Dated: |
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EXHIBIT C
MR. MANGO LLC 2019 EQUITY INCENTIVE PLAN
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Exhibit 2.2
FIRST AMENDMENT TO THE
SIXTH AMENDED AND RESTATED OPERATING AGREEMENT
THIS FIRST AMENDMENT to the Sixth Amended and Restated Limited Liability Company Operating Agreement (this “Amendment”) is made effective as of October 6, 2021, by and between Mr. Mango LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (the “Company”) and the Members set forth on Exhibit A of the Agreement (as defined below). All capitalized terms not otherwise defined herein shall have the meanings ascribed to such terms in the Agreement.
RECITALS
WHEREAS, the Company and the Members entered into that certain Sixth Amended and Restated Limited Liability Company Operating Agreement, dated as of June 4, 2021, which is attached hereto as Exhibit A (the “Agreement”);
WHEREAS, in connection with the purchase of Series B Preferred Interests by Hiro Capital SCSp I (“Hiro”), Hiro desires to become a party to the Agreement, and the parties desire to amend the Agreement as set forth herein pursuant to Section 10.1 of the Agreement; and
NOW THEREFORE, in consideration of the premises and the mutual covenants contained in the Agreement and for other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which are hereby acknowledged, the Parties, intending to be legally bound, hereby agree as follows:
| 1. | Capitalized terms used and not otherwise defined in this Amendment have the respective meanings ascribed to them in the Agreement. | |
| 2. | Section 1.2 of the Agreement is hereby deleted in its entirety and replaced with the following: |
“Affiliate” means, when used with reference to a specified Person, (i) any Person directly or indirectly controlling, controlled by or under common control with such Person, (ii) any trust established for the sole benefit of the Person or any spouse, child or grandchild of the Person and under which the Person is a trustee, and (iii) for the purposes of Section 6.1(i), any Person advised by the same investment adviser (or an Affiliate thereof) or managed by the same investment manager (or an Affiliate thereof), as applicable, as such Person; provided such Person is an alternative investment fund or collective investment undertaking.
| 3. | Section 1.56 of the Agreement is hereby amended by adding the following to the last sentence of Section 1.56: |
“Series B Liquidation Preference” means, an amount equal to $2,086.58.
| 4. | Section 5.2 of the Agreement is hereby deleted in its entirety and replaced with the following: |
Management. Except as otherwise expressly set forth herein, the management and control of the Company and its business shall initially be vested in the Board, who shall have all of the rights, powers and authority generally conferred under the Act or other applicable law, on behalf and in the name of the Company, to carry out any and all of the business and affairs of the Company and to perform all acts and enter into, perform, negotiate and execute any and all licenses, assignments, leases, documents, contracts and agreements on behalf of the Company that are necessary or desirable. The Board shall make major decisions for the Company and shall be able to carry out and execute any and all of the business and affairs of the Company and to perform all acts and enter into, perform, negotiate and execute any and all licenses, assignments, leases, documents, contracts and agreements on behalf of the Company that are necessary or desirable. The Board shall consist of six (6) managers (each a “Manager”), subject to Section 5.2.5.4. Each Skybound Member shall appoint one Manager to the Board (each, a “Skybound Manager”). The Skybound Members shall appoint one (1) additional Manager to the Board, who shall not be considered a Skybound Manager for purposes of this Agreement (the “Skybound Appointed Manager”). For so long as the Lead Series A Investor owns at least one-third of the Series A Preferred Interests that the Lead Series A Investor initially purchased in the Company (as equitably adjusted for any Interest dividends, splits, combinations, reorganizations, or similar transactions involving the Company’s outstanding equity), the Lead Series A Investor shall appoint one (1) Manager to the Board (the “Lead Series A Investor Manager”). If the Lead Series A Investor loses its right to appoint the Lead Series A Investor Manager, the Members by a majority vote shall have the right to appoint one (1) Manager, but such Manager will not have any of the rights specifically applicable to the Lead Series A Investor Manager. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary, the Lead Series A Investor’s right to appoint the Lead Series A Investor Manager is not transferable to any other Person, except a Permitted Transferee and as set forth in the previous sentence. The Lead Series B Investor shall have the right to appoint one (1) Manager to the Board (the “Lead Series B Investor Manager” and, together with the Lead Series A Investor Manager, the Skybound Managers and the Skybound Appointed Manager, the “Appointed Managers”). If the Lead Series B Investor does not invest at least 50% of its pro rata allocation in subsequent financing rounds, then the Company shall have the option to replace the Lead Series B Manager originally appointed by the Lead Series B Investor with the Lead Series B Investor’s consent, with such consent to not be unreasonably withheld, delayed or conditioned. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary, the Lead Series B Investor’s right to appoint the Lead Series B Investor Manager is not transferable to any other Person, except a Permitted Transferee and as set forth in the previous sentence. Upon an IPO, the Lead Series B Investor shall automatically lose its right to designate the Lead Series B Investor Manager. The Lead Series B Investor Manager shall have the right to serve on each committee of the Board. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in the foregoing, if, on or before January 28, 2022, Hiro Capital SCSp I (“Hiro”) purchases at least 3,834 Series B Preferred Interests in the aggregate pursuant to that certain Series B Preferred Membership Interest Purchase Agreement, dated June 4, 2021, by and among the Company and the purchasers set forth on Schedule I thereto, (as may be amended or supplemented from time to time, the “Purchase Agreement”), the size of the Board shall be automatically expanded to consist of seven (7) managers, and Hiro will automatically, with no further action by Hiro or any other Member or Manager, have the right (the “Hiro Board Right”) to appoint one (1) Manager to the Board (the “Hiro Manager”). If Hiro does not purchase at least 3,834 Series B Preferred Interests in the aggregate pursuant to that certain Purchase Agreement on or before January 28, 2022, then Hiro will not have any right to appoint a Manager to the Board. If Hiro does not invest at least 50% of its pro rata allocation in subsequent financing rounds, then the Company shall have the option to replace the Hiro Manager originally appointed by Hiro with Hiro’s consent, with such consent to not be unreasonably withheld, delayed or conditioned. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in the foregoing, Hiro’s right to appoint the Hiro Manager is not transferable to any other Person other than an Affiliate in connection with a transfer of all or substantially all of Hiro’s Series B Preferred Interests. Upon an IPO, Hiro shall automatically lose its right to designate the Hiro Manager. The Hiro Manager shall have the right to serve on each committee of the Board. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Agreement, any amendment or modification of this Section 5.2, specifically with respect to the Hiro Board Right only, shall require the written consent of Hiro. The Managers shall initially be Alpert, Kirkman, Goldman, Kevin D. Irwin, Jr. and Byung Joon Song, who shall manage, operate and run the Company, and shall have voting rights with respect to certain other matters as provided for in this Agreement and the Act. The Board will render such services as are reasonably required on an as needed basis in furtherance of the Company’s business for no additional consideration. Except as otherwise provided in this Agreement, a decision or action of the Board shall require an affirmative majority vote of the Managers or a written consent signed by the majority of the Managers.
| 5. | The first paragraph of Section 5.2.5 is hereby deleted in its entirety and replaced with the following: |
Special Preferred Member Approval. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein, so long as at least 6,914 of the Preferred Interests that were issued as of the end date of the Series B Round remain outstanding (as equitably adjusted for any Interest dividends, splits, combinations, reorganizations, or similar transactions involving the Company’s outstanding equity), the Company shall not take any of the following acts (whether by merger, consolidation or otherwise) without the prior written approval of the holders of at least fifty-five percent (55%) of the outstanding Preferred Interests (voting together as a single class on an as-if-converted basis) (“Special Preferred Member Approval”).
| 6. | The first paragraph of Section 5.3 is hereby deleted in its entirety and replaced with the following: |
Special Series B Preferred Member Approval. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein, so long as at least 3,194 of the Series B Preferred Interests issued during the Series B Round remain outstanding (as equitably adjusted for any Interest dividends, splits, combinations, reorganizations, or similar transactions involving the Company’s outstanding equity), the Company shall not take any of the following acts (whether by merger, consolidation or otherwise) without the prior written approval of the holders of a majority of the outstanding Series B Preferred Interests (“Special Series B Preferred Member Approval”).
| 7. | Section 6.1 of the Agreement is hereby deleted in its entirety and replaced with the following: |
Transfer or Assignment of Member’s Interests. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained herein, no Member shall, directly or indirectly, transfer, assign, convey, sell, encumber or in any way alienate, voluntarily or involuntarily (each, a “Transfer”), all or any part of its Interests except if the Transfer is expressly permitted by this Article 6 and except in accordance with this Agreement and all applicable state and federal securities laws, and any attempted Transfer consummated in violation of this Article 6, any other applicable provision of this Agreement or applicable state and federal securities laws shall be void ab initio. Subject to the foregoing, after the consummation of any Transfer of any Interests, the Interests so transferred shall continue to be subject to the terms and provisions of this Agreement and any further Transfer shall be required to comply with all of the terms and provisions of this Agreement. In accordance with this Agreement, a Member may consummate the following types of Transfers: (i) Transfers to any Permitted Transferee; provided that at the time of any Transfer to such Permitted Transferee, the transferor Member and such Permitted Transferee irrevocably agree for the benefit of the other parties to this Agreement to re-Transfer the subject Interests back to such transferor Member prior to such Permitted Transferee ceasing to be an Affiliate of such transferor Member; (ii) Transfers with the consent of the Board; provided that the transferring Member also complies with Section 6.2, Section 6.5 and Section 6.7 (as applicable); (iii) Transfers pursuant to Section 6.3; and/or (iv) Transfers pursuant to Section 6.6; provided that, in each case, except for Transfers pursuant to Section 6.6, no Member may Transfer all or any part of such Member’s Interests to a competitor. No Affiliate of a Skybound Member will be deemed a competitor of the Company. No Affiliate of Hiro will be deemed a competitor of the Company. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained herein, a Lead Series A Investor Change of Control or a Lead Series B Investor Change of Control shall not constitute a Transfer.
| 8. | Section 8.3 of the Agreement is hereby amended by adding the following sentence at the end of Section 8.3.5: |
For the avoidance of doubt, this Section 8.3 is intended to reflect a distribution of liquidation proceeds that follows a participating preferred structure capped at two times the Series A Liquidation Preference or Series B Liquidation Preference, as applicable.
| 9. | Article 10 of the Agreement is hereby amended by adding the following as Section 10.27: |
Compliance with CFIUS. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in this Agreement, the Company shall take such action as it reasonably determines to be necessary or advisable to comply with the Defense Production Act of 1950, as amended, including all implementing regulations thereof (the “DPA”) or CFIUS laws, rules, regulations, directives or special measures, including the actions contemplated by this Agreement.
| 10. | Section 10.18 of the Agreement is hereby deleted in its entirety and replaced with the following: |
Corporation Intended Solely for Tax Purposes. The Members have formed the Company as a Delaware limited liability company under the Act, and do not intend to form a general or limited partnership under Delaware or any other state law. Furthermore, as of the Effective Date, the Members do not intend for the Company to be classified and treated as a partnership for federal and state income taxation purposes and instead intend for the Company to be classified and treated as a corporation for federal and state income taxation purposes. The Company (and any successor thereto) (a) shall not be liquidated or merged in a transaction in which owners of equity of the Company (or any successor thereto) receive equity in an entity that is not a corporation and (b) shall take no action that would cause the Company to be taxed, for U.S. federal income tax purposes, as anything other than a C corporation, in each case without the prior written consent of Hiro. Each Member and each holder of an Economic Interest agrees to act consistently with the foregoing provisions of this Section 10.18 for all purposes, including, without limitation, for purposes of reporting the transactions contemplated herein to the Internal Revenue Service and all state and local taxing authorities.
| 11. | Except as expressly set forth in this Amendment, the Agreement remains in full force and effect with no further modifications. In the event of any conflict between the terms of the Agreement and the terms of this Amendment, the terms of this Amendment shall control. | |
| 12. | This Amendment shall form a part of the Agreement for all purposes, and each party hereto shall be bound hereby. From and after the execution of this Amendment by the parties, any reference to the Agreement shall be deemed a reference to the Agreement and this Amendment. | |
| 13. | This Amendment may be executed in one or more counterparts, each of which shall be deemed an original, but all of which shall constitute one and the same instrument. Delivery by a party hereto of a facsimile or other electronic transmission of this Amendment executed by such party shall constitute delivery by such party of an original hereof. |
[Signature Page Follows]
EXHIBIT A
Sixth Amended and Restated Operating Agreement
See Attached.
Exhibit 2.3
SECOND AMENDMENT TO THE
SIXTH AMENDED AND RESTATED OPERATING AGREEMENT
THIS SECOND AMENDMENT to the Sixth Amended and Restated Limited Liability Company Operating Agreement, as amended (this “Second Amendment”), is made effective as of January [●], 2022, by and between Mr. Mango LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (the “Company”) and the Members set forth on Exhibit A of the Agreement (as defined below). All capitalized terms not otherwise defined herein shall have the meanings ascribed to such terms in the Agreement.
RECITALS
WHEREAS, the Company and the Members entered into that certain Sixth Amended and Restated Limited Liability Company Operating Agreement, dated as of June 4, 2021, as amended by that First Amendment to the Sixth Amended and Restated Operating Agreement, dated as of October 6, 2021, which is attached hereto as Exhibit A (as so amended, the “Agreement”);
WHEREAS, in connection with the purchase of additional Series B Preferred Interests by Hiro Capital SCSp I (“Hiro”) on the date hereof, the parties desire to amend the Agreement as set forth herein pursuant to Section 10.1 of the Agreement; and
NOW THEREFORE, in consideration of the premises and the mutual covenants contained in the Agreement and for other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which are hereby acknowledged, the Parties, intending to be legally bound, hereby agree as follows:
| 1. | Capitalized terms used and not otherwise defined in this Amendment have the respective meanings ascribed to them in the Agreement. | |
| 2. | Section 5.2 of the Agreement is hereby deleted in its entirety and replaced with the following: |
Management. Except as otherwise expressly set forth herein, the management and control of the Company and its business shall initially be vested in the Board, who shall have all of the rights, powers and authority generally conferred under the Act or other applicable law, on behalf and in the name of the Company, to carry out any and all of the business and affairs of the Company and to perform all acts and enter into, perform, negotiate and execute any and all licenses, assignments, leases, documents, contracts and agreements on behalf of the Company that are necessary or desirable. The Board shall make major decisions for the Company and shall be able to carry out and execute any and all of the business and affairs of the Company and to perform all acts and enter into, perform, negotiate and execute any and all licenses, assignments, leases, documents, contracts and agreements on behalf of the Company that are necessary or desirable. The Board shall consist of seven (7) managers (each a “Manager”), subject to Section 5.2.5.4 and this Section 5.2. Each Skybound Member shall appoint one Manager to the Board (each, a “Skybound Manager”). The Skybound Members shall appoint one (1) additional Manager to the Board, who shall not be considered a Skybound Manager for purposes of this Agreement (the “Skybound Appointed Manager”). For so long as the Lead Series A Investor owns at least one-third of the Series A Preferred Interests that the Lead Series A Investor initially purchased in the Company (as equitably adjusted for any Interest dividends, splits, combinations, reorganizations, or similar transactions involving the Company’s outstanding equity), the Lead Series A Investor shall appoint one (1) Manager to the Board (the “Lead Series A Investor Manager”). If the Lead Series A Investor loses its right to appoint the Lead Series A Investor Manager, the Members by a majority vote shall have the right to appoint one (1) Manager, but such Manager will not have any of the rights specifically applicable to the Lead Series A Investor Manager. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary, the Lead Series A Investor’s right to appoint the Lead Series A Investor Manager is not transferable to any other Person, except a Permitted Transferee and as set forth in the previous sentence. The Lead Series B Investor shall have the right to appoint one (1) Manager to the Board (the “Lead Series B Investor Manager” and, together with the Lead Series A Investor Manager, the Skybound Managers and the Skybound Appointed Manager, the “Appointed Managers”). If the Lead Series B Investor does not invest at least 50% of its pro rata allocation in subsequent financing rounds, then the Company shall have the option to replace the Lead Series B Manager originally appointed by the Lead Series B Investor with the Lead Series B Investor’s consent, with such consent to not be unreasonably withheld, delayed or conditioned. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary, the Lead Series B Investor’s right to appoint the Lead Series B Investor Manager is not transferable to any other Person, except a Permitted Transferee and as set forth in the previous sentence. Upon an IPO, the Lead Series B Investor shall automatically lose its right to designate the Lead Series B Investor Manager. The Lead Series B Investor Manager shall have the right to serve on each committee of the Board. Hiro Capital SCSp I (“Hiro”) shall have the right (the “Hiro Board Right”) to appoint one (1) Manager to the Board (the “Hiro Manager”). If Hiro does not invest at least 50% of its pro rata allocation in subsequent financing rounds, then the Company shall have the option to replace the Hiro Manager originally appointed by Hiro with Hiro’s consent, with such consent to not be unreasonably withheld, delayed or conditioned. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in the foregoing, Hiro’s right to appoint the Hiro Manager is not transferable to any other Person other than an Affiliate in connection with a transfer of all or substantially all of Hiro’s Series B Preferred Interests. Upon the earlier of an IPO or the third anniversary of the date hereof, Hiro shall automatically lose its right to designate the Hiro Manager. The Hiro Manager shall have the right to serve on each committee of the Board. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Agreement, any amendment or modification of this Section 5.2, specifically with respect to the Hiro Board Right only, shall require the written consent of Hiro. As of the date hereof, the Managers shall be Alpert, Kirkman, Goldman, Kevin D. Irwin, Jr., Byung Joon Song, Ian Livingstone and [●], who shall manage, operate and run the Company, and shall have voting rights with respect to certain other matters as provided for in this Agreement and the Act. The Board will render such services as are reasonably required on an as needed basis in furtherance of the Company’s business for no additional consideration. Except as otherwise provided in this Agreement, a decision or action of the Board shall require an affirmative majority vote of the Managers or a written consent signed by the majority of the Managers.
| 3. | Except as expressly set forth in this Second Amendment, the Agreement remains in full force and effect with no further modifications. In the event of any conflict between the terms of the Agreement and the terms of this Second Amendment, the terms of this Second Amendment shall control. | |
| 4. | This Second Amendment shall form a part of the Agreement for all purposes, and each party hereto shall be bound hereby. From and after the execution of this Second Amendment by the parties, any reference to the Agreement shall be deemed a reference to the Agreement and this Second Amendment. | |
| 5. | This Second Amendment may be executed in one or more counterparts, each of which shall be deemed an original, but all of which shall constitute one and the same instrument. Delivery by a party hereto of a facsimile or other electronic transmission of this Amendment executed by such party shall constitute delivery by such party of an original hereof. |
[Signature Page Follows]

EXHIBIT A
Sixth Amended and Restated Operating Agreement, as amended
See Attached.
Exhibit 2.4
THIRD AMENDMENT TO THE
SIXTH AMENDED AND RESTATED OPERATING AGREEMENT
THIS THIRD AMENDMENT to the Sixth Amended and Restated Limited Liability Company Operating Agreement, as amended (this “Third Amendment”), is made effective as of October 24, 2022, by and between Mr. Mango LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (the “Company”) and the Members set forth on Exhibit A of the Agreement (as defined below). All capitalized terms not otherwise defined herein shall have the meanings ascribed to such terms in the Agreement.
RECITALS
WHEREAS, the Company and the Members entered into that certain Sixth Amended and Restated Limited Liability Company Operating Agreement, dated as of June 4, 2021, as amended by that First Amendment to the Sixth Amended and Restated Operating Agreement, dated as of October 6, 2021, and that Second Amendment to the Sixth Amended and Restated Operating Agreement, dated February 22, 2022, attached hereto as Exhibit A (as so amended, the “Agreement”); and
WHEREAS, in connection with the forward split of the Company’s Interests at a ratio of 7.18732 Interests for every 1 Interest currently outstanding (the “Split”), the parties desire to amend the Agreement as set forth herein pursuant to Section 10.1 of the Agreement.
NOW THEREFORE, in consideration of the premises and the mutual covenants contained in the Agreement and for other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which are hereby acknowledged, the Parties, intending to be legally bound, hereby agree as follows:
| 1. | Capitalized terms used and not otherwise defined in this Amendment have the respective meanings ascribed to them in the Agreement. | |
| 2. | Section 1.56 of this Agreement is hereby deleted in its entirety and replaced with the following: |
“Series A Liquidation Preference” means an amount equal to $289.861. “Series B Liquidation Preference” means an amount equal to $290.312.
| 3. | Section 1.57 of this Agreement is hereby deleted in its entirety and replaced with the following: |
“Series A Original Issue Price” means $289.863.
1 $2,0833.33 pre-split / 7.18732 = $289.86 post-split.
2 $2,086.58 pre-split / 7.18732 = $290.31 post-split.
3 $2,0833.33 pre-split / 7.18732 = $289.86 post-split.
| 4. | Section 1.61 of this Agreement is hereby deleted in its entirety and replaced with the following: |
“Series B Original Issue Price” means $290.314.
| 5. | The first paragraph of Section 5.2.5 is hereby deleted in its entirety and replaced with the following: |
Special Preferred Member Approval. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein, so long as at least 49,6935 of the Preferred Interests that were issued as of the end date of the Series B Round remain outstanding (as equitably adjusted for any Interest dividends, splits, combinations, reorganizations, or similar transactions involving the Company’s outstanding equity), the Company shall not take any of the following acts (whether by merger, consolidation or otherwise) without the prior written approval of the holders of at least fifty-five percent (55%) of the outstanding Preferred Interests (voting together as a single class on an as-if-converted basis) (“Special Preferred Member Approval”).
| 6. | The first paragraph of Section 5.3 is hereby deleted in its entirety and replaced with the following: |
Special Series B Preferred Member Approval. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein, so long as at least 22,9566 of the Series B Preferred Interests issued during the Series B Round remain outstanding (as equitably adjusted for any Interest dividends, splits, combinations, reorganizations, or similar transactions involving the Company’s outstanding equity), the Company shall not take any of the following acts (whether by merger, consolidation or otherwise) without the prior written approval of the holders of a majority of the outstanding Series B Preferred Interests (“Special Series B Preferred Member Approval”).
| 7. | Except as expressly set forth in this Third Amendment, the Agreement remains in full force and effect with no further modifications. In the event of any conflict between the terms of the Agreement and the terms of this Third Amendment, the terms of this Third Amendment shall control. | |
| 8. | This Third Amendment shall form a part of the Agreement for all purposes, and each party hereto shall be bound hereby. From and after the execution of this Third Amendment by the parties, any reference to the Agreement shall be deemed a reference to the Agreement and this Third Amendment. | |
| 9. | This Third Amendment may be executed in one or more counterparts, each of which shall be deemed an original, but all of which shall constitute one and the same instrument. Delivery by a party hereto of an electronic transmission of this Amendment executed by such party shall constitute delivery by such party of an original hereof. |
[Signature Page Follows]
4 $2,086.58 pre-split / 7.18732 = $290.31 post-split.
5 6,914 Preferred Interests pre-split * 7.18732 = ~49,693 Preferred Interests post-split
6 3,194 Series B Interests pre-split * 7.18732 = ~22,956 Series B Interests post-split
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, each of the Company and the undersigned has caused this Amendment to be executed on the date first written above by its duly authorized Representative.
| MR. MANGO LLC | ||
| By: | /s/ David Alpert | |
| Name: | David Alpert | |
| Title: | CEO and Secretary | |
| KNOLLWOOD INVESTMENT FUND LLC | ||
| By: | /s/ Kevin D. Irwin, Jr. | |
| Name: | Kevin D. Irwin, Jr. | |
| Title: | President of Managing Member | |
| HIRO CAPITAL SCSP I | ||
| By: | /s/ Luke Alvarez | |
| Name: | Luke Alvarez | |
| Title: | Partner | |
| COM2US CORPORATION | ||
| By: | /s/ Jae Jun Song | |
| Name: | Jae Jun Song | |
| Title: | Chief Executive Officer | |
[Signature Page to Third Amendment to the Sixth A&R Operating Agreement]
| The Kirkman Family 2015 Trust Under | ||
| Agreement Dated October 27, 2014 | ||
| /s/ Robert Kirkman | ||
| By: | Robert Kirkman, as Trustee of the Kirkman Family 2014 Trust Under Trust Agreement Dated October 27, 2014 | |
| The Peanut & Pookie Family Trust Under Trust Agreement Dated May 30, 2013 | ||
| /s/ David Alpert | ||
| By: | David Alpert as Trustee of The Peanut & Pookie Family Trust Under Trust Agreement Dated May 30, 2012 | |
| /s/ Jon Goldman | ||
| JON GOLDMAN |
[Signature Page to Third Amendment to the Sixth A&R Operating Agreement]
EXHIBIT A
Sixth Amended and Restated Operating Agreement, as amended
See Attached.
EXHIBIT 11.1

CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT AUDITOR
We consent to the use, in this Offering Statement on Form 1-A, of our report dated October 24, 2022, with respect to our audit on the consolidated financial statements of Mr. Mango, LLC and subsidiaries as of and for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020. We also consent to reference to us under the heading “Experts” in such Offering Statement.
Very truly yours,
| /s/ dbbmckennon | |
| Newport Beach, California | |
| October 28, 2022 |

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