Explanatory Note: This Post-Qualification Amendment amends the Offering Statement of CalTier Fund I, LP filed with the SEC on February 15, 2023, and is being filed as an annual update as required under Rule 230.252(f)(2)(i) of Regulation A to include the financial statements that would be required by Form 1–A as of the date of this Post-Qualification Amendment. Additionally, this Post-Qualification Amendment is being filed to replace the broker-dealer engaged in connection with this offering, as well as to update and/or replace information contained in the Offering Statement.
PRELIMINARY OFFERING CIRCULAR DATED FEBRUARY 14, 2024
CALTIER FUND I, LP
5965 Village
Way Ste 105-142,
San Diego, California, 92130
1 (619) 344-0291
www.caltier.fund
UP TO 14,400,000 UNITS REPRESENTING LIMITED PARTNERSHIP INTERESTS (1)
SEE “SECURITIES BEING OFFERED” AT PAGE 47
| Price to public | Underwriting discount and commissions (2) |
Proceeds to issuer(3) |
||||||||||
| Per unit | $ | 5.00 | $ | 0.05 | $ | 4.95 | ||||||
| Total Maximum (1) | $ | 72,000,000 | $ | 732,329.47 | $ | 71,267,670.53 | ||||||
| (1) | As of February 14, 2024, the company has sold 534,475.60 units for gross proceeds of $2,672,378 in this offering. See “Use of Proceeds” for additional information. | |
| (2) | The company has engaged Dalmore Group, LLC, member FINRA/SIPC (“Dalmore”), to perform administrative and compliance related functions in connection with this offering, but not for underwriting or placement agent services. This amount includes the maximum that Dalmore may earn from its 1% commission ($695,341.07) plus the amount the company has paid to its prior broker-dealer in connection with this offering ($36,988.40). See “Plan of Distribution and Selling Securityholders” for further details. | |
| (3) | Does not include expenses of the offering other than commissions payable to Dalmore and commissions previously paid the prior broker-dealer. See “Use of Proceeds” for estimates for additional offering expenses to be incurred in this offering. We anticipate fixed offering expenses for professional services and printing fees will be approximately $216,000, which will be paid by our General Partner. We will reimburse our General Partner for those fixed offering expenses, as well as organizational expenses, and variable offering costs, including expenses associated with marketing this offering, as described under “Use of Proceeds” and “Management Compensation”. Reimbursement payments will be made in monthly installments, but the aggregate monthly amount reimbursed can never exceed 1.0% of the aggregate gross offering proceeds from this offering. If the sum of the total unreimbursed amount of such organization and offering costs, plus new costs incurred since the last reimbursement payment, exceeds the reimbursement limit described above for the applicable monthly installment, the excess will be eligible for reimbursement in subsequent months (subject to the 1.0% per month limit), calculated on an accumulated basis, until our General Partner has been reimbursed in full. |
The company has engaged North Capital Private Securities Corporation as an escrow facilitator (the “Escrow Facilitator”) to hold funds tendered by investors The offering is being conducted on a best-efforts basis without any minimum target. Provided that an investor purchases units in the amount of the minimum investment, $500 (100 units, there is no minimum number of units that needs to be sold in order for funds to be released to the company and for this Offering to close, which may mean that the company does not receive sufficient funds to cover the cost of this Offering. The company may undertake one or more closings on a rolling basis. After each closing, funds tendered by investors will be made available to the company. After the initial closing of this offering, we expect to hold closings on at least a monthly basis.
This offering will terminate at the earlier of the date at which the maximum offering amount has been sold or the date at which the offering is earlier terminated by the company at its sole discretion. At least every 12 months after this offering has been qualified by the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Commission”), the company will file a post-qualification amendment to include the company’s most recent financial statements. This offering covers an amount of securities that we reasonably expect to offer and sell within two years, although the offering statement of which this Offering Circular forms a part may be used for up to three years and 180 days under certain conditions.
THE UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION DOES NOT PASS UPON THE MERITS OF OR GIVE ITS APPROVAL TO ANY SECURITIES OFFERED OR THE TERMS OF THE OFFERING, NOR DOES IT PASS UPON THE ACCURACY OR COMPLETENESS OF ANY OFFERING CIRCULAR OR OTHER SOLICITATION MATERIALS. THESE SECURITIES ARE OFFERED PURSUANT TO AN EXEMPTION FROM REGISTRATION WITH THE COMMISSION; HOWEVER, THE COMMISSION HAS NOT MADE AN INDEPENDENT DETERMINATION THAT THE SECURITIES OFFERED ARE EXEMPT FROM REGISTRATION.
GENERALLY, NO SALE MAY BE MADE TO YOU IN THIS OFFERING IF THE AGGREGATE PURCHASE PRICE YOU PAY IS MORE THAN 10% OF THE GREATER OF YOUR ANNUAL INCOME OR NET WORTH. DIFFERENT RULES APPLY TO ACCREDITED INVESTORS AND NON-NATURAL PERSONS. BEFORE MAKING ANY REPRESENTATION THAT YOUR INVESTMENT DOES NOT EXCEED APPLICABLE THRESHOLDS, WE ENCOURAGE YOU TO REVIEW RULE 251(D)(2)(I)(C) OF REGULATION A. FOR GENERAL INFORMATION ON INVESTING, WE ENCOURAGE YOU TO REFER TO WWW.INVESTOR.GOV.
This offering is inherently risky. See “Risk Factors” on page 13.
Sales of these securities commenced on approximately February 17, 2023.
This Offering Circular follows the Offering Circular format.
In the event that we become a reporting company under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, we intend to take advantage of the provisions that relate to “Emerging Growth Companies” under the JOBS Act of 2012. See “Implications of Being an Emerging Growth Company.
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IMPORTANT INFORMATION ABOUT THIS OFFERING CIRCULAR
Please carefully read the information in this Offering Circular and any accompanying Offering Circular supplements, which we refer to collectively as the Offering Circular. You should rely only on the information contained in this Offering Circular. We have not authorized anyone to provide you with different information. This Offering Circular may only be used where it is legal to sell these securities. You should not assume that the information contained in this Offering Circular is accurate as of any date later than the date hereof or such other dates as are stated herein or as of the respective dates of any documents or other information incorporated herein by reference.
This Offering Circular is part of an offering statement that we filed with the SEC. Periodically, as we make material investments, update our capital contribution amount, or have other material developments, we will provide an Offering Circular supplement that may add, update or change information contained in this Offering Circular. Any statement that we make in this Offering Circular will be modified or superseded by any inconsistent statement made by us in a subsequent Offering Circular supplement. The offering statement we filed with the SEC includes exhibits that provide more detailed descriptions of the matters discussed in this Offering Circular. You should read this Offering Circular and the related exhibits filed with the SEC and any Offering Circular supplement, together with additional information contained in our annual reports, semi-annual reports and other reports and information statements that we will file periodically with the SEC. See the section entitled “Additional Information” for more details.
The offering statement and all supplements and reports that we have filed or will file in the future can be read at the SEC website, www.sec.gov, or on the CalTier website, www.caltier.fund. The contents of the CalTier website (other than the offering statement, this Offering Circular and the appendices and exhibits thereto) are not incorporated by reference in or otherwise a part of this Offering Circular.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
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CAUTIONARY STATEMENT REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
Some of the statements under “Offering Summary,” “Risk Factors,” “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” “Description of the Company’s Business” and elsewhere in this Offering Circular constitute forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements relate to expectations, beliefs, projections, future plans and strategies, anticipated events or trends and similar matters that are not historical facts. In some cases, you can identify forward-looking statements by terms such as “anticipate,” “believe,” “could,” “estimate,” “expect,” “intend,” “may,” “plan,” “potential,” “should,” “will” and “would” or the negatives of these terms or other comparable terminology.
You should not place undue reliance on forward looking statements. The cautionary statements set forth in this Offering Circular, including in “Risk Factors” and elsewhere, identify important factors which you should consider in evaluating our forward-looking statements. These factors include, among other things:
| · | overall strength and stability of general economic conditions and of the real estate industry more specifically; |
| · | changes in the competitive environment, including new entrants; |
| · | our ability to generate consistent revenues; |
| · | our ability to effectively execute our business plan; |
| · | changes in laws or regulations governing our business and operations; |
| · | our ability to maintain adequate liquidity and financing sources and an appropriate level of debt on terms favorable to our company; |
| · | costs and risks associated with litigation; |
| · | changes in accounting principles, or their application or interpretation, and our ability to make estimates and the assumptions underlying the estimates, which could have an effect on earnings; |
| · | other risks described from time to time in periodic and current reports that we file with the Commission. |
This list of factors that may affect future performance and the accuracy of forward-looking statements is illustrative, but not exhaustive. New risk factors and uncertainties not described here or elsewhere in this Offering Circular, including in the sections of entitled “Risk Factors” and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” may emerge from time to time. Moreover, because we operate in a competitive and rapidly changing environment, it is not possible for our management to predict all risk factors and uncertainties, nor can we assess the impact of all factors on our business or the extent to which any factor, or combination of factors, may cause actual results to differ materially from those contained in any forward-looking statements we may make. The forward-looking statements are also subject to the risks and uncertainties specific to the company including but not limited to the fact that we have limited operating history and have limited number of management and other staff. In light of these risks, uncertainties and assumptions, the future events and trends discussed in this Offering Circular may not occur and actual results could differ materially and adversely from those anticipated or implied in the forward-looking statements.
You should not rely upon forward-looking statements as predictions of future events. Although we believe that the expectations reflected in the forward-looking statements are reasonable, we cannot guarantee that the future results, levels of activity, performance and events and circumstances reflected in the forward-looking statements will be achieved or occur. Moreover, neither we nor any other person assume responsibility for the accuracy and completeness of the forward-looking statements.
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This Offering Circular contains estimates and statistical data that we obtained from industry publications and reports. These publications generally indicate that they have obtained their information from sources believed to be reliable, but do not guarantee the accuracy and completeness of their information, and you are cautioned not to give undue weight to such estimates. Although we believe the publications are reliable, we have not independently verified their data. In addition, projections, assumptions and estimates of our future performance and the future performance of the markets in which we operate are necessarily subject to a high degree of uncertainty and risk.
You should read this Offering Circular and the documents that we reference and have filed as exhibits to the offering statement of which this Offering Circular is a part with the understanding that our actual future results, levels of activity, performance and achievements may be materially different from what we expect.
Should one or more of the risks or uncertainties described in this Offering Circular occur, or should underlying assumptions prove incorrect, our actual results and plans could differ materially from those expressed in any forward-looking statements.
All forward-looking statements, expressed or implied, included in this Offering Circular are expressly qualified in their entirety by this cautionary statement. This cautionary statement should also be considered in connection with any subsequent written or oral forward-looking statements that we or persons acting on our behalf may issue.
Except as otherwise required by applicable law, we disclaim any duty to update any forward-looking statements, all of which are expressly qualified by the statements in this section, to reflect events or circumstances after the date of this prospectus.
Implications of Being an Emerging Growth Company
We are not subject to the ongoing reporting requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”) because we are not registering our securities under the Exchange Act. Rather, we will be subject to the more limited reporting requirements under Regulation A, including the obligation to electronically file:
| · | annual reports (including disclosure relating to our business operations for the preceding two fiscal years, or, if in existence for less than two years, since inception, related party transactions, beneficial ownership of the issuer’s securities, executive officers and directors and certain executive compensation information, management’s discussion and analysis (“MD&A”) of the issuer’s liquidity, capital resources, and results of operations, and two years of audited financial statements), |
| · | semiannual reports (including disclosure primarily relating to the issuer’s interim financial statements and MD&A) and |
| · | current reports for certain material events. |
In addition, at any time after completing reporting for the fiscal year in which our offering statement was qualified, if the securities of each class to which this offering statement relates are held of record by fewer than 300 persons and offers or sales are not ongoing, we may immediately suspend our ongoing reporting obligations under Regulation A.
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If and when we become subject to the ongoing reporting requirements of the Exchange Act, as an issuer with less than $1.07 billion in total annual gross revenues during our last fiscal year, we will qualify as an “emerging growth company” under the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012 (the “JOBS Act”) and this status will be significant. An emerging growth company may take advantage of certain reduced reporting requirements and is relieved of certain other significant requirements that are otherwise generally applicable to public companies. In particular, as an emerging growth company we:
| · | will not be required to obtain an auditor attestation on our internal controls over financial reporting pursuant to the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002; |
| · | will not be required to provide a detailed narrative disclosure discussing our compensation principles, objectives and elements and analyzing how those elements fit with our principles and objectives (commonly referred to as “compensation discussion and analysis”); |
| · | will not be required to obtain a non-binding advisory vote from our shareholders on executive compensation or golden parachute arrangements (commonly referred to as the “say-on-pay,” “say-on-frequency” and “say-on-golden-parachute” votes); |
| · | will be exempt from certain executive compensation disclosure provisions requiring a pay-for-performance graph and CEO pay ratio disclosure; |
| · | may present only two years of audited financial statements and only two years of related Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, or MD&A; and |
| · | will be eligible to claim longer phase-in periods for the adoption of new or revised financial accounting standards. |
We intend to take advantage of all of these reduced reporting requirements and exemptions, including the longer phase-in periods for the adoption of new or revised financial accounting standards under Section 107 of the JOBS Act. Our election to use the phase-in periods may make it difficult to compare our financial statements to those of non-emerging growth companies and other emerging growth companies that have opted out of the phase-in periods under Section 107 of the JOBS Act.
Under the JOBS Act, we may take advantage of the above-described reduced reporting requirements and exemptions for up to five years after our initial sale of common equity pursuant to a registration statement declared effective under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or such earlier time that we no longer meet the definition of an emerging growth company. Note that this offering, while a public offering, is not a sale of common equity pursuant to a registration statement, since the offering is conducted pursuant to an exemption from the registration requirements. In this regard, the JOBS Act provides that we would cease to be an “emerging growth company” if we have more than $1.07 billion in annual revenues, have more than $700 million in market value of our common stock held by non-affiliates, or issue more than $1 billion in principal amount of non-convertible debt over a three-year period.
Certain of these reduced reporting requirements and exemptions are also available to us due to the fact that we may also qualify, once listed, as a “smaller reporting company” under the Commission’s rules. For instance, smaller reporting companies are not required to obtain an auditor attestation on their assessment of internal control over financial reporting; are not required to provide a compensation discussion and analysis; are not required to provide a pay-for-performance graph or CEO pay ratio disclosure; and may present only two years of audited financial statements and related MD&A disclosure.
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We intend to take advantage of all of these reduced reporting requirements and exemptions, including the longer phase-in periods for the adoption of new or revised financial accounting standards under Section 107 of the JOBS Act. Our election to use the phase-in periods may make it difficult to compare our financial statements to those of non-emerging growth companies and other emerging growth companies that have opted out of the phase-in periods under Section 107 of the JOBS Act.
Under the JOBS Act, we may take advantage of the above-described reduced reporting requirements and exemptions for up to five years after our initial sale of common equity pursuant to a registration statement declared effective under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or such earlier time that we no longer meet the definition of an emerging growth company. Note that this offering, while a public offering, is not a sale of common equity pursuant to a registration statement, since the offering is conducted pursuant to an exemption from the registration requirements. In this regard, the JOBS Act provides that we would cease to be an “emerging growth company” if we have more than $1 billion in annual revenues, have more than $700 million in market value of our common equity held by non-affiliates, or issue more than $1 billion in principal amount of non-convertible debt over a three-year period.
Certain of these reduced reporting requirements and exemptions are also available to us due to the fact that we may also qualify, once listed, as a “smaller reporting company” under the Commission’s rules. For instance, smaller reporting companies are not required to obtain an auditor attestation on their assessment of internal control over financial reporting; are not required to provide a compensation discussion and analysis; are not required to provide a pay-for-performance graph or CEO pay ratio disclosure; and may present only two years of audited financial statements and related MD&A disclosure.
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This offering summary highlights material information regarding our business and this offering. Because it is a summary, it may not contain all of the information that is important to you. To understand this offering fully, you should read the entire Offering Circular carefully, including the “Risk Factors” section before making a decision to invest in our limited partnership interests.
In this Offering Circular, the term “CalTier” “we”, or “the company” refers to CalTier Fund I, LP. The term “offering” refers to the offer of limited partnership interests offered pursuant to this Offering Circular. The company’s website is not incorporated into this Offering Circular.
CalTier Fund I, LP
The CalTier Fund I, LP is Delaware limited partnership formed on January 23, 2019 to invest primarily in multi-family real estate properties in the United States. The company will be managed by our General Partner, CalTier Inc., (formerly CalTier Realty, LLC), a California corporation (the “General Partner” or “CalTier Inc.”). The General Partner was formed in 2017 to be a California fund management and real estate acquisition company focusing on acquiring and managing assets in the United States either on its own behalf or with strategic partner(s). CalTier Inc. is the General Partner of CalTier Fund I, LP whose focus is to source US and international capital from individuals, family offices and institutional partners into United States real estate markets and deploy it primarily into real estate portfolio investments or directly into a real estate asset via various funds, including Regulation A. CalTier Inc. has been created by a group of industry professionals, all successful in their own fields, to take advantage of a unique moment in time within the global economy, foreign direct investment, immigration and U.S. real estate market. We believe that CalTier Inc. has extensive relationships across the United States with those who have access to the types of assets targeted by the company, including off-market real estate opportunities.
Our office is currently located at 5965 Village Way Ste 105 - 142, San Diego, CA 92130. Our telephone number is (619) 344-0291 Information regarding the company is also available on our web site at www.caltier.fund.
Investment Objectives
We intend to focus primarily on multi-family B and C class assets valued at $6–$30 million in the United States, see below in “The Company’s Business -- Investment Strategy”. Our typical investments will be leveraged by debt instruments approximately 65% and 35% equity from the partnership and will be acquired primarily for income. However, our General Partner may focus in other regions and other types of assets as determined from time to time.
Acquisition Strategy
We intend to primarily acquire and operate existing, income-producing properties and newly constructed leased properties. Some newly constructed properties may not currently have tenants. We may acquire each property in its entirety, or as a fractional share ownership. Our current focus will be in multi-family assets that present significant opportunities for current or future income production. From time to time, we may also acquire properties that present opportunities for capital appreciation, such as in markets with high growth potential or undeveloped parcels of land that may have value for future development. However, at least every six months, our General Partner will revisit our overall strategy. We will use the proceeds from the offering of our limited partnership interests to acquire each property. Should the amount raised from the sale of limited partnership interests not be sufficient to acquire a property outright, we intend to leverage those proceeds and finance the acquisition through the use of non-recourse loans with the entity purchasing the property as the named borrower, and/or acquire a fractional interest in the property. In the event we do not acquire a direct interest in the property, we will ensure that our aggregate interests represent less than 45% of our total assets.
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Current Assets
The company has made investments into a number of properties, acquiring properties directly and acquiring ownership interests in special-purpose vehicles that own certain properties.
For a further description of the real estate assets the company has invested in to date, please see “The Company’s Business” further below in this Offering Circular.
Distributions
We intend to make distributions to investors of the funds legally available for distribution. Investors may incur their pro rata share of net losses or net gains for tax purposes, even if no funds are legally available for distributions, which may occur if we have current liabilities limiting our ability to distribute funds to investors. The determination of whether any funds are available to distribute by the company is in the complete discretion of the General Partner, CalTier Inc. When distributions are made to investors, they will be made in accordance with the Limited Partnership Agreement. As such, each holder of limited partnership interests is entitled to the holder’s pro rata share of any distribution.
Market Opportunities
Our General Partner will select properties discovered through real estate brokers, pre-existing professional relationships, independent property owners and public/city properties and/or owned land. Properties selected aim to attract a wide demographic, from working-class individuals to millennials entering the market to downsizing baby boomers and foreign persons. However, from time to time, our General Partner will consider other real estate asset types if the assets meet CalTier Inc.’s other investment criteria. The General Partners typical property profile for CalTier Inc.’s target acquisition are as follows; however, the investment criteria may vary from time to time:
| Asset | Multi-family B and C class assets with a purchase price of $6–$30 million; | |
| Location | Located in the United States in well-established middle-income neighborhoods | |
| Strategy | “Value-add” properties that require from minor to extensive repair or refurbishing. Acquired properties offer the opportunity for continued growth, regardless of the state of the volatile economy, as well as the potential to invest in relatively small one-time improvements delivering increased payoffs. | |
| Year Built | 10–35 years old | |
| Number of Units | 50–300 units | |
| Purchase Price | $6,000,000–$30,000,000 total cost | |
| Price / Door | $50,000 to $500,000 per door | |
| Equity Required | 25–40% | |
| Debt Assumptions | Debt will be from The United States Department of Housing and Urban Development program (HUD), Commercial-Property Assessed Clean Energy (C-PACE) program, New Market Tax Credits (NMTC), City Tax Increment Financing (TIF), Bridge and Mortgage lenders including Federal National Mortgage Association for example. | |
| Projected Rehabilitation Time | 6–12 months for complete refurbishment for exteriors and as units become available for interior upgrades | |
| Projected Hold Time | Properties will be acquired, improved and held 3–7 years |
The above chart represents our intended asset target acquisition characteristics, actual acquisitions may vary depending on market opportunities.
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The Offering
| Securities offered | Maximum offering of 14,400,000 units representing limited partnership interests. | |
| Units outstanding before the offering (as of February 14, 2024) | 1,245,149 units | |
| Units outstanding after the offering (assuming maximum offering amount is raised) | 15,645,149 units | |
| Minimum Investment for US persons | $500 (100 units) | |
| Minimum Investment for non-US persons | $5,000 (1,000 units) | |
| Use of Proceeds | The company intends to use the net proceeds of this offering primarily for acquisition and renovation of multi-family value-add asset(s) throughout the United States (including expenses to acquire, financing, improve and manage the property) in addition to operations and administrative and ongoing marketing expenses. See “Use of Proceeds”. | |
| Transferability | The units will be subject to contractual restrictions on transfer as established by our Limited Partnership Agreement. | |
| Unit Purchase Price as of December 31, 2023 | As of December 31, 2023, our unit purchase price was $5.00 (2). |
| (1) | In the 12-month period prior to the date of this Offering Circular, our company had settled subscriptions for approximately $2,672,378 from sales of our units under Regulation A. We are offering up to $72,000,000 worth of our units, which approximately represents the amount of securities we can offer out of the rolling 12-month maximum offering amount of $75 million allowed under Regulation A. |
| (2) | This price shall be effective through March 31, 2024 (or as soon as commercially reasonable thereafter), unless updated by us prior to that time. The unit purchase price is equal to the greater of (i) $5.00 per unit or (ii) our net asset value (“NAV”) divided by the number of units outstanding as of the close of business on the last business day of the prior fiscal quarter, in each case prior to giving effect to any share purchases or redemptions to be effected on such day. |
Selected Risks Associated with the Business
We are subject to a number of risks, which are set out in more detail in “Risk Factors.” Risks include the following:
Risks Related to the Company
| · | We have a limited operating history, and have sustained annual operating losses since inception. | |
| · | We have not yet identified properties we intend to acquire. |
| · | The company may not be able to locate suitable investments. |
| · | We may not be able to diversify in the way contemplated by this Offering Circular. |
| · | We are dependent on key individuals. |
| · | We are investing in real estate, which is inherently risky. |
| · | We cannot guarantee proceeds from the sale of properties. |
| · | Our company will be controlled by the General Partner. |
| · | Our investors do not elect or vote on our General Partner and have limited ability to influence decisions regarding our business. |
| · | We may only be able to acquire a fractional interest in properties in which we invest. |
| · | We may utilize mortgages and indebtedness/additional capital and therefore you will be subject to risks associated with debt financing. |
| · | The company could be adversely affected by rising interest rates. |
| · | The financial covenants in any loans may limit the company’s flexibility and ability to pay cash flow. |
| · | The company does not yet have any commitments for lines of credit or other loan facilities. |
| · | There is a risk that you may not receive distributions at all, or that distributions may not grow over time. |
| · | We may invest in distressed or properties in similar situations, which increases the risk of a loss. |
| · | We may not carry enough insurance to cover potential losses. |
| · | We intend to invest in real estate, which is generally illiquid as an asset class. |
| · | We may not be able to lease or otherwise monetize our properties as anticipated. |
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| · | Tenant defaults could negatively impact our expected revenues. |
| · | The company is subject to risk related to development and re-development of properties. |
| · | The company will have to conduct its own due diligence on potential investment properties. |
Risks Related to Compliance and Regulation
| · | Changes in property taxes could impact our revenues. |
| · | As property owners, we will be subject to environmental risks. |
| · | We may need to modify our properties to comply with state and federal laws including the Americans with Disabilities Act. |
| · | The General Partner of the company does not intend to register as an investment advisor. |
| · | Structuring our business to avoid registration under the Investment Company Act imposes limits on our operations, which may adversely affect our results. |
| · | We anticipate that many of our investors will be non-US persons, and therefore reliant on their home countries regulations. |
Tax Risks
| · | The income tax aspects of an investment in the company are complicated, and each investor should review them with his, her or its own professional advisors familiar with the investor’s particular income tax situation and with the income tax laws and regulations applicable to the investor and limited liability companies. |
| · | There may be future substantial tax law changes. |
| · | The company may be audited which could subject a member to tax liability. |
| · | You will be responsible for tax payments even if you do not receive a distribution. |
Risks Related to our Securities
| · | We have generated minimal revenues from operations to date, and are still reliant on this offering to fund our operations. |
| · | It will be difficult to sell and/or redeem the units. | |
| · | The subscription agreement has a forum selection provision that requires disputes arising under the subscription agreement be resolved in state or federal courts in the State of Delaware, regardless of convenience or cost to you, the investor. | |
| · | Investors in this offering may not be entitled to a jury trial with respect to claims arising under the subscription agreement, which could result in less favorable outcomes to the plaintiff(s) in any action under the agreement. |
Risk Related to Conflicts of Interest
| · | There are conflicts of interest between us, our General Partner and its affiliates. |
| · | We have agreed to limit remedies available to us and our investors for actions by our General Partner that might otherwise constitute a breach of duty. |
| · | The interests of the General Partner, its principals, and its other affiliates may conflict with your interests. |
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The SEC requires the company to identify risks that are specific to its business and its financial condition. The company is still subject to all the same risks that all companies in its business, and all companies in the economy, are exposed to. These include risks relating to economic downturns, political and economic events and technological developments (such as hacking and the ability to prevent hacking). Additionally, early-stage companies are inherently more risky than more developed companies. You should consider general risks as well as specific risks when deciding whether to invest.
Risks Related to the Company
We have a limited operating history, and have sustained annual operating losses since inception. The company was formed in 2019 and the General Partner was formed in 2017. There is a limited track record we can point to for investors to understand our prior performance. As of the date of the Offering Circular, we wholly-own two properties, and have made several investments into joint venture opportunities, pursuant to which the company acquired partial ownership special purpose vehicles that own various real-estate properties. While we generated profits for the first time during the six months ended June 30, 2023 (a net gain of $72,326), we have not yet achieved profits on an annual basis. There is no guarantee we will continue to generate profits.
We have not yet identified properties we intend to acquire with the proceeds from this offering. As of the date of this Offering Circular, the company has not yet definitively identified any assets for purchase using the proceeds from this offering. As a result, you must rely solely on the General Partner with respect to the selection, amount, character of investment and economic merits of each potential investment. As a result, we may use the net proceeds from this offering to invest in investments with which you may not agree and would not support if you were evaluating the investment directly. The company may make investments in non-performing or other troubled assets that involve a significant degree of financial risk. In addition, because the company may acquire investments over an extended period of time, the company will be subject to the risks of adverse changes in long-term interest rates and in the real estate market generally. Additionally, because the company may only make a limited number of investments, poor performance by one or two of the investments could adversely affect the total returns to you.
The company may not be able to locate suitable investments. The company may be unable to find a sufficient number of attractive opportunities to meet its investment objectives. The company also may encounter substantial competition in seeking suitable investments for the company. In addition, the company may be delayed in making investments due to delays in completing the underwriting or due diligence processes.
We may not be able to diversify in the way contemplated by this Offering Circular. While investment type, investment size and investment risk diversification is an objective of the company, there is no assurance as to the degree of diversification that will actually be achieved in the company’s investments. If the company makes an investment in a single transaction with the intent of refinancing or selling a portion of the investment, there is a risk that the company will be unable to successfully complete such a financing or sale. This could lead to increased risk as a result of the company having an unintended long- term investment and reduced diversification. If the company raises less capital than anticipated, the company will likely be less diversified than the General Partner intends, which would increase the risk of an investment in the company.
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We are dependent on key individuals. The success of the company will depend upon the ability of the General Partner and its affiliates and officers to manage the company in a manner such that the company achieves its investment objective. There can be no assurance that the services of these individuals will remain available to the General Partner, or that these individuals will otherwise continue to be able to carry on their current duties throughout the company’s term. The loss of the services of any of the key executives and/or other personnel of the General Partner and the inability to recruit and hire additional key executives and/or other personnel as needed could have a material adverse effect on the company’s operations and performance. There can be no assurance that the General Partner would be able to attract and hire suitable replacements in the event of any such loss of services.
We are investing in real estate, which is inherently risky. The company will invest primarily in multi-family real property throughout the United States. The ability of the company to preserve its investment and achieve its objectives is dependent in large part upon the company’s success in preserving and enhancing the values of its real estate assets. In the case of each investment, the company will be subject to the general risks of real property ownership, including, adverse local market conditions, financial conditions of tenants and buyers and sellers of properties, changes in availability of debt financing, real estate tax rates and other operating expenses, environmental laws and other governmental rules and fiscal policies, changes in the relative popularity of properties, dependence on cash flow, uninsurable losses and other factors which are beyond the control of the General Partner or the company. In addition, the real estate industry as a whole is affected from time to time by economic and other conditions beyond its control which might have an adverse effect upon the company and its investment portfolio, including acts of God, natural disasters, war, international hostilities, terrorism, national and international economic conditions, interest rate levels, and energy prices.
We cannot guarantee proceeds from the sale of properties. The General Partner will have the discretion to determine whether to hold or sell a property, and may elect to hold and operate a property for an indefinite period of time. If it elects to sell a property, the sales price to be realized upon the sale or other disposition of the property will depend upon many factors, including the availability and pricing of financing for purchasers from time to time, the availability and price of comparable properties, and conditions in the real estate market in general. We cannot assure you that the price and terms of such sale or other disposition will be sufficient to pay any return at all, or that there will not be a loss as a result of such transaction.
Our company will be controlled by the General Partner. Decisions with respect to the management of the company are made by the General Partner. Limited partners will have no opportunity to control the day-to-day operation, including investment and disposition decisions, of the company. Consequently, the limited partners will not be able to evaluate for themselves the merits of particular investments prior to the company’s making such investments. For the foregoing reasons, no person should invest in the company unless such person is willing to entrust all aspects of the management of the company to the General Partner.
Our investors do not elect or vote on our General Partner and have limited ability to influence decisions regarding our business. Our Limited Partnership Agreement provides that the business, affairs and property of the company are managed under the direction of our General Partner. Our investors do not elect or vote for the General Partner and the General Partner can only be removed by a vote of the limited partners in very limited circumstances, including that the General Partner is convicted or found liable for an act of gross negligence or fraud which materially lowers the Net Asset Value of the company. Moreover, unlike the holders of common shares in a corporation, our limited partners have only limited voting rights on matters affecting our business (the voting rights primarily relate to amendments to our Limited Partnership Agreement that would adversely change the rights of the limited partners), and therefore limited ability to influence decisions regarding our business.
We may only be able to acquire a fractional interest in properties in which we invest. We may be faced with the decision to acquire a property outright by leveraging proceeds from the offering with debt, or only acquiring a fractional interest with or without debt financing. While we may require sellers to grant us the right to manage and control the disposition of the property, in the event that we only acquire a fractional interest, we may encounter challenges to our ability to manage the operations of that property. However, for certain properties we may only acquire a fractional interest without any managerial rights.
We may utilize mortgages and indebtedness/additional capital and therefore you will be subject to risks associated with debt financing. The General Partner anticipates that the company will often use mortgage financing to acquire some or all of the properties in order to permit the ownership of each property with less of an equity investment than if no debt was involved, with the objective of increasing the potential return on invested capital. As a result, the company’s business is subject to the risks normally associated with debt financing, including the risk that the cash receipts from the operation of a property are insufficient to meet the principal and interest payments on such debt. If the company fails to make payments as due on a mortgage, the lender could declare that mortgage in default and institute foreclosure proceedings against the property and, possibly, other properties owned by the company to the extent any loans have been cross-collateralized.
The company could be adversely affected by rising interest rates. Increases in interest rates would increase the company’s interest expense, which could adversely affect the company’s cash flow and the company’s ability to service its debt. In addition, increases in costs of financing may lessen the appeal of some development or acquisition opportunities to the company.
The financial covenants in any loans may limit the company’s flexibility and ability to pay cash flow. These covenants may limit the company’s flexibility in its operations, and breaches of these covenants could result in defaults under the credit facility even if the company has satisfied its payment obligations.
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The company does not yet have any commitments for lines of credit or other loan facilities. No assurances can be given that the company will be able to obtain debt facilities or obtain alternative financing in the required amounts to invest in real estate assets. For each investment, we have had to arrange such credits on an as needed basis. In the absence of such debt facilities, the returns to investors in this offering may be reduced.
There is a risk that you may not receive distributions at all, or that distributions may not grow over time. We intend to make distributions on a quarterly basis from assets legally available therefore to our limited partners. We have not established a minimum distribution payment level and the amount of our distributions will vary over time. Our ability to pay distributions may be adversely affected by a number of factors, including the risk factors described in this Offering Circular. All distributions will be made at the discretion of our General Partner and will depend on our earnings, our financial condition, and other factors that our General Partner may deem to be relevant from time to time. Among the factors that could adversely affect our results of operations and impair our ability to pay distributions to our limited partners are:
| · | the profitability of the investment of the net proceeds of this offering; |
| · | our ability to make profitable reinvestments; |
| · | interest charges or other expenses that reduce our cash flow; |
| · | defaults in our asset portfolio or other decreases in the aggregate NAV of our portfolio; and |
| · | the fact that anticipated operating expense levels may not be accurate and actual expense results are higher than estimates. |
A change in any one of these factors could affect our ability to make distributions. We cannot assure you that we will achieve investment results that will allow us to make a specified level of cash distributions or year-to-year increases in cash distributions.
We may not be able to make distributions in the future or our General Partners may change our distribution policy in the future. In addition, some of our distributions may include a return of capital. To the extent that we decide to pay distributions in excess of our current and accumulated tax earnings and profits, such distributions would generally be considered a return of capital for U.S. federal income tax purposes. A return of capital reduces the basis of a limited partner’s investment in our limited partner units to the extent of such basis and is treated as capital gain thereafter.
We may invest in distressed or properties in similar situations, which increases the risk of a loss. The risks of real estate investment, including those described above, are often heightened in properties which are subject to lender sales and other distressed situations. The properties frequently have experienced a decline in value, and the decline may continue following the acquisition. Also, the properties may be more difficult to sell given the market conditions which gave rise to the lender sale. In addition, the properties need to be carefully evaluated to insure that they don’t require significant refurbishment on account of deferred maintenance and that the company will be able to fill sufficient vacancies to profitably operate the property.
We may not carry enough insurance to cover potential losses. The General Partner intends to arrange for or require comprehensive liability and casualty insurance that is customarily obtained on properties of the type in which the company invests. However, the possibility exists that certain disaster or catastrophic risk insurance (e.g., coverage against casualties caused by acts of war or terrorism) may be unavailable in the future, available only at prices which the General Partner deems prohibitive or be subject to extremely high deductibles, or that the properties will otherwise sustain losses which are not covered by insurance. In the event an uninsured loss occurs with respect to a real estate project in which the company has an interest, the company could suffer the loss of the capital invested and any income and profits that might be anticipated from that investment.
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We intend to invest in real estate, which is generally illiquid as an asset class. Real estate investments are not as liquid as other types of assets. Because real estate investments are relatively illiquid, the company’s ability to promptly sell one or more properties or investments in its portfolio in response to changing economic, financial and investment conditions may be limited. In particular, these risks could arise from weakness in or even the lack of an established market for a property, changes in the financial condition or prospects of prospective purchasers, changes in national or international economic conditions, and changes in laws, regulations or fiscal policies of jurisdictions in which the property is located. The company may be unable to realize its investment objectives by sale, other disposition or refinance at attractive prices within any given period of time or may otherwise be unable to complete any exit strategy.
We may not be able to lease or otherwise monetize the properties we acquire as anticipated. The success of the company’s properties will be largely dependent upon the ability of the General Partner to monetize our investments. In the context of leasing properties we acquire, we will be dependent on the General Partner and/or its leasing and rental agents (whether or not such leasing and rental agents are affiliates of General Partner) to timely lease the properties on favorable terms. A property may incur a vacancy either by the continued default of tenants under leases, the expiration of a lease or the termination by the tenant of a lease. The company may be unable to renew leases or relet space and if such vacancies continue for a long period of time, the company may suffer reduced revenues resulting in less cash available for distribution to you. In addition, because a property’s market value depends principally upon the value of the property’s current and future leases, the resale value of properties with high or prolonged vacancies could suffer, which could further reduce or eliminate any return on your investment. In the context of investments where we acquire (or have acquired) ownership in joint-ventures and/or special-purpose vehicles that own real-estate, we will be dependent on the ability of the managers of those vehicles to monetize real estate owned by the vehicle – and we may have little to no control over how those assets are managed. Finally, for properties that we intend to sell outright, we may not be able to sell those properties on favorable terms, or at all.
Tenant defaults could negatively impact our expected revenues. At any time, any of the company’s tenants may fail to make rental payments when due, decline to extend a lease upon its expiration, become insolvent or declare bankruptcy. Tenant defaults may adversely affect the property value of the company’s investments and the company’s distributable cash flow. Property values and the company’s distributable cash flow would be adversely affected if tenants are unable to meet their obligations to the company. In the event of default by tenants, the company may experience delays and incur substantial costs in enforcing the company’s rights as landlord. Upon a default, the company may not be able to relet the space or to relet the space on terms that are as favorable to the company as the defaulted lease, which could adversely affect the company’s financial results. Further, a tenant may elect to remain in a property after defaulting on the terms of their lease, and the company may need to take legal and other actions in order to prepare the property to be relet.
The company is subject to risk related to development and re-development of properties. The company may engage in real estate development and/or re-development. To the extent that the company invests in such development activities, it will be subject to the risks normally associated with such activities. Such risks include, without limitation, risks relating to the availability and timely receipt of zoning and other regulatory approvals, the cost and timely completion of construction (including risks beyond the control of the company, such as weather or labor conditions or material shortages), general market and lease-up risk, and the availability of both construction and permanent financing on favorable terms. These risks could result in substantial unanticipated delays or expenses and, under certain circumstances, could prevent completion of development activities once undertaken, any of which could have an adverse effect on the financial condition and results of operations of the company and on the amount of funds available for distribution to the limited partners.
The company will have to conduct its own due diligence on potential investment properties. There is generally limited publicly available information about real properties, and the company must therefore rely on due diligence conducted by the General Partner and/or its affiliates. Should the General Partner’s and/or its affiliates’ pre-acquisition evaluation of the physical condition of each new investment fail to detect certain defects or necessary repairs, the total investment cost could be significantly higher than expected. Furthermore, should the General Partner’s estimates regarding the current or anticipated occupancy rate and rate payments end up being too high (e.g., from rental rate caps, limits on subsidized rents or limits on eviction), or the estimates on the costs of maintenance and/or improving an acquired property prove too low, its assumptions regarding the current or anticipated occupancy rate and rate payments end up being too high, or its estimates of the time required to develop or achieve occupancy prove too optimistic, the profitability of the investment may be adversely affected.
Your interest in us will be diluted if we issue additional units, which could reduce the overall value of your investment. In the future, we may raise capital through the issuance of additional units in our company. To the extent we issue additional units after your purchase in this offering, your percentage ownership interest in us will be diluted. In addition, depending upon the terms and pricing of any additional offerings and the value of our investments, you may also experience dilution in the book value and fair value of your units.
Risks Related to Compliance and Regulation
Changes in property taxes could impact our revenues. Each of the company’s properties will be subject to real and personal property taxes. These taxes on the company’s properties may increase as tax rates change and as the properties are assessed or reassessed by taxing authorities. Many states and localities are considering increases in their income and/or property tax rates (or increases in the assessments of real estate) to cover revenue shortfalls. If property taxes increase, it may adversely affect the company’s financial results.
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As property owners, we will be subject to environmental risks. Ownership of properties involves environmental risks. Federal, state and local laws and regulations to protect the environment may require a current or previous owner or operator of real estate to investigate and clean up hazardous or toxic substances or petroleum product releases at such property. The owner or operator may have to pay a governmental entity or third parties for property damage and for investigation and clean-up costs incurred by such parties in connection with the contamination. These laws typically impose clean-up responsibility and liability without regard to whether the owner or operator knew of or caused the presence of the contaminants. Even if more than one person may have been responsible for the contamination, each person covered by the environmental laws may be held responsible for all of the clean-up costs incurred. In addition, third parties may sue the owner or operator of a site for damages and costs resulting from environmental contamination arising from that site. Insurance for such matters may not be available. Additionally, new or modified environmental regulations could develop in a manner which could adversely affect the company.
Environmental laws also govern the presence, maintenance and removal of asbestos. Such laws require that owners or operators of buildings containing asbestos (i) properly manage and maintain the asbestos, (ii) notify and train those who may come into contact with asbestos and (iii) undertake special precautions, including removal or other abatement, if asbestos would be disturbed during renovation or demolition of a building. Such laws may impose fines and penalties on building owners or operators who fail to comply with these requirements. These laws may allow third parties to seek recovery from owners or operators for personal injury associated with exposure to asbestos fibers.
Failure by the company to uncover and adequately protect against environmental issues in connection with a property investment may subject the company to liability as owner of such property.
We may need to modify our properties to comply with state and federal laws including the Americans with Disabilities Act. The company’s properties may be subject to the Americans with Disabilities Act (the “ADA”). The ADA has separate compliance requirements for “public accommodations” and “commercial facilities” that generally require that buildings and services be made accessible and available to people with disabilities. The ADA’s requirements could require removal of access barriers and could result in the imposition of injunctive relief, monetary penalties or, in some cases, an award of damages. The company will attempt to place the burden on sellers or other third parties, such as a tenant, to ensure compliance with the ADA. However, no assurance can be given that the company will be able to allocate responsibilities in this manner. If the company cannot, its cash resources used for ADA compliance will reduce cash available for distributions. In addition, the company will be required to operate its properties in compliance with fire and safety regulations, building codes and other land use regulations, as they may be adopted by governmental agencies and bodies and become applicable to the company’s properties. The company may be required to make substantial capital expenditures to comply with those requirements
The General Partner of the company does not intend to register as an investment advisor. The General Partner is currently not registered as an “investment adviser” and intends to operate pursuant to an exemption from registration as an “investment adviser” under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended (the “Investment Advisers Act ”). Investors in the company, therefore, will not have the protections that may be deemed to be afforded to investors under this act. Further, if our General Partner were required to register as an investment adviser either at the state level or under the Investment Advisers Act but failed to do so or failed to avail itself of the services of a registered investment adviser, our General Partner could be prohibited from acting as our General Partner, and criminal and civil actions could be brought against it. In such case, it could have a material negative impact on our business. An affiliate of the General Partner is in the process of registering as an investment adviser in the State of California. If and when such registration occurs, we intend to utilize the services of that affiliate.
Structuring our business to avoid registration under the Investment Company Act imposes limits on our operations, which may adversely affect our results. We intend to continue to conduct our operations so that we are not required to register as an investment company under the Investment Company Act. We anticipate that we will hold real estate and real estate-related assets described below (i) directly, (ii) through wholly-owned subsidiaries, (iii) through majority-owned joint venture subsidiaries, and (iv) to a lesser extent, through minority-owned joint venture subsidiaries.
We expect to use substantially all of the net proceeds from this offering (after paying or reimbursing organization and offering expenses) to invest in the acquisition of multi-family value-add properties. We may also invest in commercial properties that can be repurposed, ground-up developments, and, to a lesser extent, real estate-related debt, other real estate-related assets, and non-real estate related assets.
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In connection with the Section 3(a)(1)(A) and Section 3(a)(1)(C) analysis, the determination of whether an entity is a majority-owned subsidiary of our company is made by us. The Investment Company Act defines a majority-owned subsidiary of a person as a company 50% or more of the outstanding voting securities of which are owned by such person, or by another company which is a majority-owned subsidiary of such person. The Investment Company Act further defines voting security as any security presently entitling the owner or holder thereof to vote for the election of directors of a company. We treat companies in which we own at least a majority of the outstanding voting securities as majority-owned subsidiaries. We also treat subsidiaries of which we or our wholly-owned or majority-owned subsidiary is the General Partner (in a General Partner-managed entity) or managing member (in a member-managed entity) or in which our agreement or the agreement of our wholly-owned or majority-owned subsidiary is required for all major decisions affecting the subsidiaries (referred to herein as “Controlled Subsidiaries”), as majority-owned subsidiaries even though none of the interests issued by such Controlled Subsidiaries meets the definition of voting securities under the Investment Company Act. We reached our conclusion on the basis that the interests issued by the Controlled Subsidiaries are the functional equivalent of voting securities. We have not asked the SEC staff for concurrence of our analysis, our treatment of such interests as voting securities, or whether the Controlled Subsidiaries, or any other of our subsidiaries, may be treated in the manner in which we intend, and it is possible that the SEC staff could disagree with any of our determinations. If the SEC staff were to disagree with our treatment of one or more companies as majority-owned subsidiaries, we would need to adjust our strategy and our assets. Any such adjustment in our strategy could have a material adverse effect on us.
Furthermore, although we intend to monitor the assets of our subsidiaries regularly, there can be no assurance that our subsidiaries will be able to maintain their exclusion from registration.
Any of the foregoing could require us to adjust our strategy, which could limit our ability to make certain investments or require us to sell assets in a manner, at a price or at a time that we otherwise would not have chosen. This could negatively affect the value of our limited partnership interests, the sustainability of our business model and our ability to make distributions.
Registration under the Investment Company Act would require us to comply with a variety of substantive requirements that impose, among other things:
| o | limitations on capital structure; |
| o | restrictions on specified investments; |
| o | restrictions on leverage or senior securities; |
| o | restrictions on unsecured borrowings; |
| o | prohibitions on transactions with affiliates; and |
| o | compliance with reporting, record-keeping, voting, proxy disclosure and other rules and regulations that would significantly increase our operating expenses. |
If we were required to register as an investment company but failed to do so, we could be prohibited from engaging in our business, and criminal and civil actions could be brought against us.
Registration with the SEC as an investment company would be costly, would subject us to a host of complex regulations and would divert attention from the conduct of our business, which could materially and adversely affect us. In addition, if we purchase or sell any real estate assets to avoid becoming an investment company under the Investment Company Act, our net asset value, the amount of funds available for investment and our ability to pay distributions to our limited partners could be materially adversely affected.
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We anticipate that many of our investors will be non-US persons, and therefore reliant on their home countries regulations. We anticipate that a large percentage of our investments will generate from foreign countries including but not limited to China, India, UK, Vietnam, Canada, Japan, Mexico, and Brazil. To the extent there are regulatory changes in those countries it may limit investors abilities to invest and participate in this offering. Further, if relations between the United States and some of these countries worsen, investors may be unwilling to hold or buy our limited partnership interests. Moreover, we will be relying on representations from such investors that they may legally invest, if those representations are inaccurate, the company may incur liability. Without this source of investment we most likely will not be able to meet our fundraising goal and we will be limited in scope of what we will be able to do with the investment.
Tax Risks
The income tax aspects of an investment in the company are complicated, and each investor should review them with his, her or its own professional advisors familiar with the investor’s particular income tax situation and with the income tax laws and regulations applicable to the investor and limited liability companies. The company expects to be treated as a partnership for federal income tax purposes, with the result that the investors, not the company, will be taxed on the company’s recognized income and gain. Investors will have this income tax liability even in the absence of cash distributions and thus may have taxable income and income tax liability arising from their investments in the company in years when they receive no cash distributions from the company. In addition to federal income taxes, each investor may incur income tax liabilities under the state or local income tax laws of certain jurisdictions in which the company will operate, as well as in the jurisdiction of that investor’s residence or domicile. State and local income tax laws vary from one location to another, and federal, state and local income tax laws are both complex and subject to change.
There may be future substantial tax law changes. Legislative, judicial or administrative changes may be forthcoming which would adversely affect an investor’s investment in the company. Any such changes may or may not be retroactive with respect to transactions entered into or contemplated prior to the effective date of such changes. Prospective purchasers of limited partners interests are urged to consult their own counsel or other tax advisor regarding the current status of any such proposals and their potential impact on the company.
The company may be audited which could subject a member to tax liability. The company’s income tax returns may be audited by the IRS. Any audit of the company could result in an audit of a member’s tax return, causing adjustments of items unrelated to investment in the company, in addition to adjustments to various partnership items. In the event of any such adjustments, a member may incur attorneys’ fees, court costs and other expenses contesting deficiencies asserted by the IRS. A member may also be liable for interest on any underpayment and certain penalties from the date tax was originally due. Unless the company elects otherwise, the tax treatment of all partnership items will generally be determined at the partnership level in a single proceeding rather than in separate proceedings with each member, and the General Partner would be primarily responsible for contesting federal income tax adjustments proposed by the IRS. In this connection, the General Partner could extend the statute of limitations as to all limited partners and, in certain circumstances, could bind limited partners to a settlement with the IRS.
You will be responsible for tax payments even if you do not receive a distribution. Limited partners will be required to report their distributive share of the taxable income of the company. Although the company may make distributions to the limited partners for them to satisfy taxes imposed on them in respect of their distributive units of the company’s taxable income, the General Partner will have full discretion whether or not to make any such distributions. The Limited Partnership Agreement does not require the General Partner to make mandatory tax distributions.
Risks Related to our Securities
We are reliant on this offering to fund our operations. We have generated revenues to date, but not sufficient revenues to carry out our plan of operations. In order to make new investments, we expect to be wholly dependent upon our ability to finance our operations from the sale of equity or other financing alternatives. We cannot assure you that we will be able to successfully raise capital. The failure to successfully raise capital could result in our bankruptcy or other event that would have a material adverse effect on us and on the value of your limited partnership interests.
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It will be difficult to sell and/or redeem the units. There has been no active public market for our units prior to this offering and an active trading market may not be developed or sustained following this offering, which may adversely impact the market for units and make it difficult to sell your units. There is no formal marketplace for the resale of our units. Investors should assume that they may not be able to liquidate their investment for some time, or be able to pledge their securities as collateral. Over-the-counter markets have from time to time experienced significant price and volume fluctuations. As a result, the market price of our units (if any market were to develop) may be similarly volatile, and holders of our units may from time to time experience a decrease in the value of their units, including decreases unrelated to our operating performance or prospects. Further, the units may only be transferred to the extent such a transfer would not impact our tax status and is in compliance with securities laws. The price of our limited partners interests could be subject to wide fluctuations in response to a number of factors, including those listed in this “Risk Factors” section of this Offering Circular. Moreover, our redemption plans includes restrictions that would limit your ability regarding the sale of your units and our General Partner, its sole discretion, could amend, suspend or terminate our redemption plan without notice, see “Securities Being Offered —Redemption Plan.” Due to the illiquid nature of the units, investors should be prepared to hold the units for an indefinite period of time.
The subscription agreement has a forum selection provision that requires disputes be resolved in state or federal courts in the State of Delaware, regardless of convenience or cost to you, the investor. In order to invest in this offering, investors agree to resolve disputes arising under the subscription agreement in state or federal courts located in the State of Delaware, for the purpose of any suit, action or other proceeding arising out of or based upon the agreement, other than those arising under federal securities laws in state or federal courts located in the State of Delaware. This forum selection provision may limit your ability to obtain a favorable judicial forum for disputes with us. Although we believe the provision benefits us by providing increased consistency in the application of Delaware law in the types of lawsuits to which it applies and in limiting our litigation costs, to the extent it is enforceable, the forum selection provision may limit investors’ ability to bring claims in judicial forums that they find favorable to such disputes, may increase investors’ costs of bringing suit and may discourage lawsuits with respect to such claims. Alternatively, if a court were to find the provision inapplicable to, or unenforceable in an action, we may incur additional costs associated with resolving such matters in other jurisdictions, which could adversely affect our business, financial condition or results of operations. You will not be deemed to have waived the company’s compliance with the federal securities laws and the rules and regulations thereunder.
Investors in this offering may not be entitled to a jury trial with respect to claims arising under the subscription agreement, which could result in less favorable outcomes to the plaintiff(s) in any action under the agreement. Investors in this offering will be bound by the subscription agreement, which includes a provision under which investors waive the right to a jury trial of any claim they may have against the company arising out of or relating to the agreement other than those arising under the federal securities laws.
If we opposed a jury trial demand based on the waiver, a court would determine whether the waiver was enforceable based on the facts and circumstances of that case in accordance with the applicable state and federal law. In determining whether to enforce a contractual pre-dispute jury trial waiver provision, courts will generally consider whether the visibility of the jury trial waiver provision within the agreement is sufficiently prominent such that a party knowingly, intelligently and voluntarily waived the right to a jury trial. We believe that this is the case with respect to the subscription agreement. You should consult legal counsel regarding the jury waiver provision before entering into the subscription agreement.
If you bring a claim not arising under the federal securities laws against the company in connection with matters arising under the subscription agreement, you may not be entitled to a jury trial with respect to those claims, which may have the effect of limiting and discouraging lawsuits against the company. If a lawsuit is brought against the company under the agreement, it may be heard only by a judge or justice of the applicable trial court, which would be conducted according to different civil procedures and may result in different outcomes than a trial by jury would have had, including results that could be less favorable to the plaintiff(s) in such an action.
Nevertheless, if the jury trial waiver provision is not permitted by applicable law, an action could proceed under the terms of the agreement with a jury trial. No condition, stipulation or provision of the subscription agreement serves as a waiver by any holder of the company’s securities or by the company of compliance with any substantive provision of the federal securities laws and the rules and regulations promulgated under those laws.
In addition, when the units are transferred, the transferee is required to agree to all the same conditions, obligations and restrictions applicable to the units or to the transferor with regard to ownership of the units, that were in effect immediately prior to the transfer of the units, including but not limited to the subscription agreement.
Using a credit card to purchase units may impact the return on your investment as well as subject you to other risks inherent in this form of payment. Investors in this offering have the option of paying for their investment with a credit card, which is not usual in the traditional investment markets. Transaction fees charged by your credit card company (which can reach 5% of transaction value if considered a cash advance) and interest charged on unpaid card balances (which can reach almost 25% in some states) add to the effective purchase price of the units you buy. See “Plan of Distribution and Selling Securityholders.” The cost of using a credit card may also increase if you do not make the minimum monthly card payments and incur late fees. Using a credit card is a relatively new form of payment for securities and will subject you to other risks inherent in this form of payment, including that, if you fail to make credit card payments (e.g. minimum monthly payments), you risk damaging your credit score and payment by credit card may be more susceptible to abuse than other forms of payment. Moreover, where a third-party payment processor is used, as in this offering, your recovery options in the case of disputes may be limited. The increased costs due to transaction fees and interest may reduce the return on your investment.
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Risk Related to Conflicts of Interest
There are conflicts of interest between us, our General Partner and its affiliates. Some of our General Partner’s executive officers or members are affiliated in companies that may provide services to us, including debt financing for our projects. Fees for services of the General Partner and affiliates to the company are not the result of arm’s length negotiations. Some of the conflicts inherent in the company’s transactions with the General Partner and its affiliates, and the limitations on such parties adopted to address these conflicts, are described below. The company, the General Partner and their affiliates will use their best efforts to try to balance the partnership’s interests with their own. However, to the extent that such parties take actions that are more favorable to other entities than the partnership, these actions could have negative impact on our financial performance and, consequently, on distributions to holders of our limited partnership interests.
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The interests of the General Partner, its principals, and its other affiliates may conflict with your interests. The Limited Partnership Agreement provides the General Partner with broad powers and authority, which may result in one or more conflicts of interest between your interests and those of the General Partner, its principals and its other affiliates. Potential conflicts of interest include, but are not limited to, the following:
| · | the General Partner, its principals and/or its other affiliates may originate and offer other real estate investment opportunities, including additional blind pool offerings similar to this offering, and may make investments in real estate assets for their own respective accounts, whether or not competitive with our business; |
| · | affiliates of the General Partner may compete with us with respect to certain investments which we may want to acquire, and as a result we may either not be presented with the opportunity or have to compete with the affiliates to acquire these investments. The General Partner and our officers may choose to allocate favorable investments to its affiliates instead of to us. The ability of the General Partner, its officers and individuals providing services to the General Partner to engage in other business activities may reduce the time the General Partner spends managing us; |
| · | the General Partners, its principals and/or other affiliates are not required to devote all of their time and efforts to our affairs. During turbulent conditions in the mortgage industry, distress in the credit markets or other times when we will need focused support and assistance from the General Partner, other entities for which the General Partner may also acts as an investment manager will likewise require greater focus and attention, placing the General Partner’s resources in high demand. In such situations, we may not receive the necessary support and assistance we require or would otherwise receive if we were internally managed or if the General Partner did not act as a manager for other entities; |
| · | we pay the General Partner management fees regardless of the performance of our portfolio. The General Partner’s entitlement to compensation that is not performance-based might reduce its incentive to devote its time and effort to seeking investments that provide attractive risk-adjusted returns for our portfolio. This in turn could hurt both our ability to make distributions to our limited partners and the value of our units; |
| · | the General Partner is entitled to a three percent asset management fee, which is payable on all assets in our portfolio, including any investments acquired through debt financing. As a result, the General Partner may have an incentive to seek debt financing in order to increase assets under management and earn the increased asset management fee; |
| · | the General Partner, its principals and its other affiliates will not be required to disgorge any profits or fees or other compensation they may receive from any other business they own separately from us, and you will not be entitled to receive or share in any of the profits return fees or compensation from any other business owned and operated by the General Partner its principals and/or its other affiliates for their own benefit; and |
| · | we may engage the General Partner or affiliates of the General Partner to perform services at prevailing market rates. Prevailing market rates are determined by the General Partner based on industry standards and expectations of what the General Partner would be able to negotiate with third parties on an arm’s length basis. |
We have agreed to limit remedies available to us and our limited partners for actions by the General Partner. The General Partner is a fiduciary to the company and as such, is required to act in our best interests. But we and our limited partners will only have recourse and be able to seek remedies against the General Partner to the extent it breaches its obligations pursuant to our Limited Partnership Agreement. Furthermore, we have agreed to limit the liability of the General Partner and to indemnify the General Partner against certain liabilities. These provisions are detrimental to our limited partners because they restrict the remedies available to them for actions that without those limitations might constitute breaches of duty, including fiduciary duties, and could reduce returns for limited partnership interests. By purchasing our limited partnership interests, you will be treated as having consented to the provisions set forth in the Limited Partnership Agreement. In addition, we may choose not to enforce, or to enforce less vigorously, our rights under the Limited Partnership Agreement because of our desire to maintain our ongoing relationship with the General Partner.
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Under our limited partnership agreement, we have authority to issue an unlimited number of additional units. After your investment in this offering, the General Partner may elect to sell additional units in this or future public or private offerings, or issue units as compensation to certain parties. To the extent we issue additional units after you purchase units in this offering, your percentage ownership interest in our company will be diluted.
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PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION AND SELLING SECURITYHOLDERS
We are offering a maximum of 14,400,000 units representing limited partnership interests on a “best efforts” basis for up to $72,000,000. Under Regulation A, the company may only offer $75 million securities during a rolling 12-month period. The $72,000,000 approximately represents the maximum amount of securities we may offer as of the date of this Offering Circular under Regulation A, due to amounts raised under our prior Regulation A Offering described elsewhere in this Offering Circular, as well as amounts raised under this offering over the last 12 months. From time to time, we may seek to qualify additional units. As of February 14, 2024, the company has sold 534,475.60 units for gross proceeds of $2,672,378 in this offering.
We will use our existing website and offering page, www.caltier.fund, as our offering page, where investors can invest in our offering. We will also use blogs and other social media to provide notification of the offering. Persons who desire information will be directed to www.caltier.fund.
The cash price per unit is $5.
The minimum investment is $500 for US persons or $5,000 for Non-US persons. Investors may purchase additional limited partnership interests in minimum increments of $50 for US persons and $1,000 for Non-US persons.
We intend to market the limited partnership interests in this offering both through online and offline means. Online marketing may take the form of contacting potential investors through electronic media and posting our Offering Circular or “testing the waters” materials on its own website (www.caltier.fund) or third-party websites.
This offering will terminate at the earlier of the date at which the maximum offering amount has been sold or the date at which the offering is earlier terminated by the company at its sole discretion. At least every 12 months after this offering has been qualified by the Commission, the company will file a post-qualification amendment to include the company’s recent financial statements. The offering covers an amount of securities that we reasonably expect to offer and sell within two years, although the offering statement of which this Offering Circular forms a part may be used for up to three years and 180 days under certain conditions. We may undertake one or more closings on a rolling basis. After each closing, funds tendered by investors will be available to us. To the extent there are irrevocable funds in escrow, we expect to hold closings as soon as practical and no later than 14 days after confirmation that an investor’s funds are irrevocable.
Our Offering Circular will be furnished to prospective investors in this offering via download 24 hours a day, 7 days a week on www.caltier.fund.
The company is offering its securities in all U.S. states other than Washington.
No Selling Limited Partners
No securities are being sold for the account of limited partners; all net proceeds of this offering will go to CalTier Fund I, LP.
Dalmore
The company has engaged Dalmore Group, LLC (“Dalmore”), a broker-dealer registered with the SEC and a member of FINRA, to perform the following administrative and compliance related functions in connection with this Offering, but not for underwriting or placement agent services:
| · | Review investor information, including KYC (“Know Your Customer”) data, AML (“Anti Money Laundering”) and other compliance background checks, and provide a recommendation to the company whether or not to accept investor as a customer; |
| · | Review each investor’s subscription agreement to confirm such investor’s participation in the offering, and provide a determination to the company whether or not to accept the use of the subscription agreement for the investor’s participation; |
| · | Contact and/or notify the company, if needed, to gather additional information or clarification on an investor; |
| · | Not provide any investment advice nor any investment recommendations to any investor; |
| · | Keep investor details and data confidential and not disclose to any third-party except as required by regulators or pursuant to the terms of the agreement (e.g. as needed for AML and background checks); and |
| · | Coordinate with third party providers to ensure adequate review and compliance. |
As compensation for the services listed above, the company has agreed to pay Dalmore a $5,000 one-time advance expense allowance to cover reasonable out-of-pocket accountable expenses actually anticipated to be incurred by Dalmore in connection with this offering, such as, among other things, preparing the FINRA filing in connection with this offering. Dalmore will refund any amount related to this expense allowance to the extent it is not used, incurred or provided to the company. The company has also agreed to pay Dalmore a one-time consulting fee of $20,000 to provide ongoing general consulting services relating to this offering such as coordination with third party vendors and general guidance with respect to the offering, which will be due and payable within 5 days of receipt of a No Objection Letter from FINRA (and payable in four installments). In addition, the company has agreed to pay Dalmore a commission equal to 1% of the amount raised in the offering. Assuming a fully-subscribed offering, the company estimates that the total amount payable to Dalmore, including the one-time advance expense allowance fee of $5,000 and consulting fee of $20,000, would be $720,341.07.
The Transfer Agent
We have engaged Vertalo, Inc., as our registered transfer agent. This compensation consists of $1,000 per month.
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Investors’ Tender of Funds and Return of Funds
After an investor executes a subscription agreement, upon a written request for such rescission, those funds will be revocable until the thirty days after the signing of the related subscription agreement (the “Closing Criteria”). Under the agreement between the company and the escrow facilitator, and except as stated above, subscribers have no right to a return of their funds during the one year following qualification by the Securities and Exchange Commission. For the avoidance of doubt, if the Closing Criteria have been reached for your investment, and the company has yet to hold a Closing on your funds, you will not be entitled to request the return of your funds; however, in the event of a liquidation or dissolution of the company should occur before the company has held a Closing (as defined below) covering your funds, you will be refunded your investment without interest or deduction. In the event that the offering is terminated (including due to liquidation and dissolution of the company), investor funds held in escrow will promptly be refunded to each investor in accordance with Rule 10b-9 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. If a subscription is rejected or if a recession is requested, all funds will be returned to subscribers within thirty days of such rejection without deduction or interest. Upon acceptance by us of a subscription, a confirmation of such acceptance will be sent to the subscriber. The escrow facilitator has not investigated the desirability or advisability of investment in the units nor approved, endorsed or passed upon the merits of purchasing the securities. The company has engaged North Capital as the escrow facilitator for the offering.
After the Offering Statement has been qualified by the Securities and Exchange Commission, we may accept the tender of funds for whole or fractional units. The funds tendered by potential investors will be held by the Escrow Facilitator, and will be transferred to the company upon Closing or returned to the investors as discussed above. Each time the company accepts funds (either transferred from the Escrow Facilitator or directly from the investors) from investors that have met the Closing Criteria is defined as a “Closing”, and each date for which a Closing is declared is a “Closing Date”. Each Closing is only expected to last one day. The company will accept subscriptions from investors that have met the Closing Criteria on the Closing Date. However, investors that have met the Closing Criteria after the Closing Date will not be included in that Closing, and will be part of the next available Closing, which the company expects to be as soon as practical but no later than 14 days after an investor has met the Closing Criteria. We may close on investments on a “rolling” basis (so not all investors will receive their units on the same date). Once the Closing Criteria has been met, investors will receive a notification regarding that their investment will be included in the next available Closing. Upon a Closing, investors will receive a notification regarding their units and funds tendered by investors will be made available to the company. The amended and restated escrow agreement can be found in Exhibit 8.1 to the Offering Statement of which this Offering Circular is a part.
Process of Subscribing
You will be required to complete a subscription agreement in order to invest. The subscription agreement includes a representation by the investor to the effect that, if you are not an “accredited investor” as defined under securities law, you are investing an amount that does not exceed the greater of 10% of your annual income or 10% of your net worth (excluding your principal residence).
If you decide to subscribe for the units in this offering, you should complete the following steps:
Go to www.caltier.fund, click on the “Start Here” button; and click on “Invest Now”.
| · | Complete the online investment form; |
| · | Deliver funds directly by check, wire, debit card, credit card or electronic funds transfer via ACH to the specified account (note – investments via credit card will be limited to a $1,000 maximum investment, and investors will be responsible for paying any credit card processing fees related to their investment); |
| · | Once funds are received an automated AML check will be performed to verify the identity and status of the investor; |
| · | Once AML is verified, investor will electronically receive, review, execute and deliver to us a Subscription Agreement. |
Any potential investor will have ample time to review the Subscription Agreement, along with their counsel, prior to making any final investment decision.
For investors who invest at least $5,000 in the company and invest through Alto Solutions, Inc., using a self-directed IRA, the company will reimburse the cost of the self-directed IRA.
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Advertising, Sales and other Promotional Materials
In addition to this Offering Circular, subject to limitations imposed by applicable securities laws, we expect to use additional advertising, sales and other promotional materials in connection with this offering. These materials may include information relating to this offering, the past performance of the company and its affiliates, property brochures, articles and publications concerning real estate, or public advertisements and audio-visual materials, in each case only as authorized by us. In addition, the sales material may contain certain quotes from various publications without obtaining the consent of the author or the publication for use of the quoted material in the sales material. Although these materials will not contain information in conflict with the information provided by this Offering Circular and will be prepared with a view to presenting a balanced discussion of risk and reward with respect to our units, these materials will not give a complete understanding of this offering, us or our units and are not to be considered part of this Offering Circular. This offering is made only by means of this Offering Circular and prospective investors must read and rely on the information provided in this Offering Circular in connection with their decision to invest in our units.
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The company estimates that if it sells the maximum amount of $72,000,000 from the sale of units in this offering, which represents the value of units available to be offered as of the date of this Offering Circular out of the rolling 12-month maximum offering amount of $75 million, the net proceeds to the issuer in this offering will be approximately $61,200,000, after deducting the estimated offering expenses of approximately $10,800,000. As of February 14, 2024, the company has sold 534,475.60 units for gross proceeds of $2,672,378 in this offering.
We expect to use substantially all of the net proceeds from this offering (after paying or reimbursing organization and offering expenses) to invest in the acquisition of property for the value-add and sale of multi-family properties. We may make our investments through majority-owned subsidiaries, some of which may have rights to receive preferred economic returns. We expect that any expenses or fees payable to our General Partner for its services in connection with managing our daily affairs, including but not limited to, the selection and acquisition or origination of our investments, will be paid from cash flow from operations. If such fees and expenses are not paid from cash flow (or waived) they will reduce the cash available for investment and distribution and will directly impact our net profit and net loss. See “Management Compensation” for more details regarding the fees that will be paid to our General Partner and its affiliates. Many of the amounts set forth in the table below represent our General Partner’s best estimate since they cannot be precisely calculated at this time.
We may not be able to promptly invest the net proceeds of this offering in property for the purchase of multi-family property and other select real estate-related assets. In the interim, we may invest in short-term, highly liquid or other authorized investments. Such short-term investments may not earn as high of a return as we expect to earn on our real estate-related investments.
We are budgeting for a total of $10,800,000 of marketing, commissions and expenses payable to Dalmore (and our prior broker dealer), legal and other offering expenses (based on a fully subscribed offering of $72 million). If we raise less money, variable offering costs will decrease proportionately.
| 25% of the Maximum Offering Amount |
50% of the Maximum Offering Amount |
75% of the Maximum Offering Amount |
100% of the Maximum Offering Amount |
|||||||||||||
| Gross Offering Proceeds | $ | 18,000,000 | $ | 36,000,000 | $ | 54,000,000 | $ | 72,000,000 | ||||||||
| Offering Expenses (1)(2) | $ | 2,700,000 | $ | 5,400,000 | $ | 8,100,000 | $ | 10,800,000 | ||||||||
| Net Proceeds/Estimated Amount Available for Investments | $ | 15,300,000 | $ | 30,600,000 | $ | 45,900,000 | $ | 61,200,000 | ||||||||
(1) Includes the 1% commission and $25,000 in fees payable to Dalmore, as well as $36,508.68 in commissions already paid to our prior broker-dealer. See “Plan of Distribution and Selling Securityholders” for a description of our arrangement with Dalmore. We will reimburse our General Partner for organization and offering costs. See “Management Compensation” for a description of additional fees and expenses that we will pay our General Partner.
(2) Amount reflected is an estimate. Includes all expenses to be paid by us in connection with the qualification of the offering, fees and commissions to Dalmore, the marketing and distribution of the units, including, without limitation, expenses for printing, engraving and amending offering statements or supplementing offering circulars, mailing and distributing costs, telephones, internet and other telecommunications costs, all advertising and marketing expenses, including expenses associated with marketing this offering and our residential spaces, charges of experts and fees, expenses and taxes related to the filing, registration and qualification of the sale of units under federal and state laws, including taxes and fees and accountants’ and attorneys’ fees. See “Plan of Distribution.”
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If we raise $18,000,000, we anticipate approximately $9,900,000 will be used for to acquire equity in real estate assets, either directly or through joint-venture opportunities. We would target for acquisition a multi-family, value-add asset(s) with a purchase price of $1,000,000 to $5,000,000 in throughout the United States of which most funds will be used for expenses to acquire, secure financing, improve/remodel and manage the property(ies). We anticipate real estate properties we seek to acquire will consist of 2 to 20 residential units. Any remaining funds, but no more than 45% of remaining net proceeds, may be invested into real estate related funds and non-real estate related funds with remaining net proceeds reserved for operations, administrative and marketing expenses.
If we raise the maximum offering amount of $72,0000,000, we anticipate approximately $39,600,000 of those funds would be used as purchase equity for acquisition and renovation of multi-family value-add asset(s) with a purchase price(s) of $3,000,000 to $30,000,000 throughout the United States of which all funds will be used for expenses to acquire, financing, improve and manage the property(ies). We would aim to make 4–8 acquisitions per year. Up to 45% of remaining net proceeds may be invested into real estate related funds and non-real estate related funds with remaining net proceeds reserved for operations, administrative and marketing expenses.
The company reserves the right to change the above uses of proceeds if management believes it is in the best interests of the company.
The allocation of the net proceeds of the offering set forth above represents the company’s estimates based upon its current plans, assumptions it has made regarding the industry and general economic conditions and its future revenues (if any) and expenditures.
Investors are cautioned that expenditures may vary substantially from the estimates above. Investors will be relying on the judgment of the company’s management, who will have broad discretion regarding the application of the proceeds from this offering. The amounts and timing of the company’s actual expenditures will depend upon numerous factors, including market conditions, cash generated by the company’s operations (if any), business developments and the rate of the company’s growth. The company may find it necessary or advisable to use portions of the proceeds from this offering for other purposes.
In the event that the company does not raise the entire amount it is seeking, then the company may attempt to raise additional funds through private offerings of its securities or by borrowing funds.
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The CalTier Fund I, LP is a Delaware limited partnership formed on January 23, 2019 to invest primarily in multi-family real estate properties in the United States. The company is managed by General Partner, CalTier Inc. (formerly CalTier Realty, LLC) a Delaware corporation. The General Partner was formed in 2017 to be a fund management and real estate acquisition company focusing on opportunities throughout the United States. CalTier Inc.’s focus is to safely bring international capital from ultra-high wealth individuals, family offices, and institutional partners into the United States alongside United States accredited and non-accredited investors and deploy funds into high yield real estate acquisitions. CalTier Inc. has been created by a group of professionals, all successful in their own fields, to take advantage of a unique moment in time within the global economy, foreign direct investment and U.S. real estate market. We believe that CalTier Inc. has extensive relationships across the United States with those who have access to real estate opportunities, including off-market real estate, that fit the company’s target investment criteria.
We are externally managed by our General Partner, CalTier Inc. Our General Partner has the authority to make all of the decisions regarding our investments, subject to the limitations in our Limited Partnership Agreement and the direction and oversight of our General Partner’s investment committee. Our General Partner also provides asset management, marketing, investor relations and other administrative services on our behalf. As such, we do not currently have any employees nor do we currently intend to hire any employees who will be compensated directly by us.
Our General Partner has not participated as a Manager or a Sponsor in any previous direct participation programs as defined in FINRA Rule 2310(a)(18) and 2310(b)(3)(D).
Our Real Estate Assets
Wholly-Owned Properties
As of the date of this Offering Circular, we own the following properties:
154 N. Topeka
| Address | 154 N. Topeka Avenue, Wichita, Kansas 67202 | |
| Type of Property | Mixed-use property consisting of 3 commercial units and 14 newly renovated residential units. | |
| Legal | Lot 17 and part of Lot 15 on Topeka Avenue, J.R. Mead’s Addition to the City of Wichita, Sedgwick County, Kansas | |
| Acreage | 0.19 acres | |
| Square Feet | 8,400 square feet. | |
| Capital Improvement Plans | The company intends to make additional improvements on the 14 residential units and lease them out to tenants, with 11 units on long-term leases and 3 units as short-term leases. The company also intends to make improvements to one of the commercial units and enter into a long-term lease with a tenant. Currently the other 2 commercial units are on 5-year leases. | |
| Total Cost of Capital Improvements (Estimated) | $100,000 | |
| Purchase Price | $1,700,000 | |
| Date of Purchase (Month/Year) | June 2023 | |
| Debt on property | $905,000 | |
| Est. Rental and Other Income | $209,867 per year (Currently, the three commercial units are renting at $19,624 per unit annually. Once the capital improvements are complete and the fourteen residential units, we anticipate the average rental income per unit to be $10,200 annually. The residential units were not previously rented as residential units. Capital improvements are anticipated to be complete and units completely leased up by March 2024. This amount does not factor in any expenses related to the properties, including property management fees, utilities, maintenance costs, taxes, etc. |
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Lake Elsinore
| Address | 36 Lakeshore Dr., Lake Elsinore, CA 90018 | |
| Type of Property | Undeveloped waterfront property | |
| APN / Parcel ID | 374-201-001 | |
| Acreage | 1.22 acres. | |
| Development Plans | We intend to develop this property – either directly, or through an affiliate. Our development plan consists of a 36-unit multi-family and mixed use development. This development is intended to be a water-front property consisting of a diverse unit mix of 1 bedroom/1 bathroom, 2 bedrooms/2 bathrooms, retail units, a clubhouse, pool, and rooftop terrace. Development has not commenced as of the date of this Offering Circular. Anticipated completion of this development is Q4 2024 – although this is a rough estimate, and there is no guarantee this will occur. If we do not develop this property directly, we would likely sell the property to an affiliate, who would then develop the property. | |
Total Cost of Development (Estimated) |
$14,500,000 | |
Purchase Price |
$550,000 | |
Date of Purchase (Month/Year) |
October 2022 | |
| Debt on property | None to date | |
| Est. Rental and Other Income | $1,225,000 per year (Assuming development by the company. If the company does not develop the property, it intends to sell the property at prevailing market rates). |
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Joint Venture Properties
As of the date of this Offering Circular, we have made investments into the following properties through joint-venture investments, pursuant to which we acquired a share of ownership in an entity that owns the properties below. Our Company did not utilize debt in purchasing the interests set forth in the table below.
| Asset Name | Zip Code | # of Units | Date of Investment |
Ownership Acquired |
Approximate Investment Cost |
Asset Class | ||||||||||||||||
| The Lodges at Glenwood (1) | 84604 | 194 | 3/2021 | 0.16 | % | $ | 10,000 | Class B | ||||||||||||||
| Lakewood Apartments (2) | 77590 | 88 | 3/2021 | 1.19 | % | $ | 25,000 | Class C | ||||||||||||||
| Raintree Commons (3) | 84604 | 154 | 5/2021 | 0.11 | % | $ | 15,000 | Class B | ||||||||||||||
| Apple Lane Apartments (4) | 66049 | 75 | 7/2021 | 1.61 | % | $ | 25,000 | Class C | ||||||||||||||
| 506 South Apartments (5) | 77598 | 180 | 12/2021 | 0.48 | % | $ | 25,930 | Class C | ||||||||||||||
| APEX Apartments (6) | 76105 | 152 | 5/2022 | 2 | % | $ | 100,000 | Class C | ||||||||||||||
| Pinpoint RVA Portfolio (7) | 23219 23220 |
185 | 8/2022 | 1.2 | % | $ | 200,000 | Class B | ||||||||||||||
| Sundance Income and Growth OP (8) | Various | 3,987+ | 10/2022 | 0.4 | % | $ | 100,000 | N/A | ||||||||||||||
| Sabine Lofts (9) | 77007 | 198 | 10/2022 | 4.8 | % | $ | 50,000 | Class B | ||||||||||||||
| Avenue Grove (10) | 77098 | 270 | 2/2023 | 0.3 | % | $ | 200,000 | Class A | ||||||||||||||
| Hickory Point (11) | 23602 | 175 | 2/2023 | 3.12 | % | $ | 200,000 | Class B | ||||||||||||||
| (1) | In March, 2021, we purchased an ownership interest in RS Glenwood Investors, LLC, a Utah limited liability company (“Glenwood”). Glenwood is a special purpose entity that owns a 1156-bed, 194 unit student housing complex located in Provo, Utah within walking distance from Brigham Young University. The property was built in 1978 and historically, the property has been 98-100% occupied. This project is a low-leverage deal at 60% Loan-To-Value (LTV) with a value-add potential. As of the date of this Offering Circular, the company has received a 13.87% return on its investment. | |
| (2) | In March, 2021, we purchased an ownership interest in CC Lakewood Apts, LLC, the special purpose entity (“Lakewood”) that owns Lakewood Apartments, an 88-unit multi-family property located in Texas City, Texas within the Houston MSA just a short drive to downtown Houston and 30 minutes from William P. Hobby International Airport. The property is well-located near major employment centers such as NASA, Landry’s headquarters, Valero, Moody’s National Bank, and University of Texas Medical Branch. The property has been renovated and as of the date of this offering, the company has received a 28.43% return on its investment. | |
| (3) | In May, the company purchased an ownership interest in RS Raintree Investors, LLC, a Utah limited liability company (“Raintree”). Raintree is a special purpose entity that owns Raintree Commons, a 924-bed, 154 unit student housing complex located in Provo, Utah serving the students at Brigham Young University. Raintree was built in 1971 and has consistently been over 98% occupied. As of the date of this Offering Circular, the company has received a 12.41% return on its investment. | |
| (4) | In July, 2021, we purchased an ownership interest in Apple Lane Investors, LLC, a special purpose entity (“Apple Lane”) that owns the Apple Lane Apartments, a 75-unit student housing property located in Lawrence, Kansas, home of the University of Kansas. Apple Lane was built in 1984 and has historically been near 100% occupied. The property is within walking distance of campus. As of the date of this Offering Circular, the company has received a return of 13.34% on its investment. | |
| (5) | In December, 2021, we purchased an ownership interest in CC 506 South, LLC, a special purpose entity (“506 South”) that owns the 506 South Apartments, a 180-unit multi-family property built in 1969. 506 South is located in Webster, Texas, a suburb of Houston, Texas. 506 South is within walking distance to brand new schools and was acquired with an average of $231 below market rent delta. As of the date of this Offering Circular, we have received a 0.79% return on our investment. | |
| (6) | In May, 2022, we acquired an ownership interest in Apex Fort Worth Partners, LLC, a Nevada limited liability company (“Apex“). Apex is a special purpose entity that owns a 152 unit property located in Fort Worth, Texas valued at $13,700,000. This property is an apartment complex built in 1968 and contains sixteen 1-bedroom units, ninety-six 2-bedroom units, and forty 3-bedroom units. The total square footage is 134,800. The property is currently revenue producing, and the company is entitled to a proportionate share of revenues produced by the property based on its ownership interest. To date, we have earned 1.82% in revenue from this property. Apex is managed by Apex FW Manager, LLC, which consists of Bakerson, LLC and Camino Verde Group, LLC. As of the date of this Offering Circular, we have received a 5.78% return on our investment. | |
| (7) | In August 2022, the company purchased an ownership interest in Pinpoint RVA Investors, LLC, a Virginia limited liability company (“Pinpoint”). Pinpoint is a special purpose entity that acquired a portfolio of properties located in Richmond, Virginia, totaling 185 units valued at $38,750,000. The portfolio consists of Marshall Park Townhomes, a 41-unit residential property with 2 apartments and 39 townhomes. Grace & Monroe Apartments is a 57-unit multi-family apartment complex. District Square Apartments is a 58-unit multi-family apartment complex. Broadway Apartments is a 29-unit mixed-use property with 27 residential apartments and 2 commercial units. The properties are currently revenue producing, and the company is entitled to a proportionate share of revenues produced by the properties based on its ownership interest in Pinpoint. As of the date of this Offering Circular, we have received a 6.46% return on our investment. | |
| (8) | In September 2022, we closed on a purchase agreement with Sundance Bay Income and Growth OP, LP (“Sundance”), a multi-family income and growth fund consisting of a portfolio of core-plus and value-add multi-family assets, pursuant to which we invested $100,000 into Sundance in exchange for an approximately 0.4% ownership interest in Sundance at the time of our investment. As of June 30, 2022, Sundance had invested into 22 multi-family assets consisting of 3,987 units and a total gross asset value of $656,925,000. The 22 multi-family assets are located in the following states: Georgia, Utah, Arizona, South Carolina, and Texas. The properties owned by Sundance are currently revenue producing, and the company will be entitled to a proportionate share of revenues produced by the properties based on its ownership interest in Sundance. As of the date of this Offering Circular, the company has received 0.72% return on its investment in Sundance. | |
| (9) | In October 2022, we closed an agreement with Sabine Investors, LP, a limited partnership (“Sabine”) pursuant to which we purchased $50,000 worth of units in Sabine, for an approximately 4.8% ownership interest in Sabine. Sabine is a special purpose entity that is acquiring “Sabine Lofts” - a 198-unit boutique, loft-style mid-rise multifamily community with value-add opportunity located along the Buffalo Bayou, minutes from downtown Houston, Texas. The property is currently revenue producing, and the company will be entitled to a proportionate share of revenues produced by the property based on its ownership interest. As of the date of this Offering Circular, the company has not received revenues from its investment in Sabine The company expects its first revenues from this investment will be earned in Q1 of 2024. | |
| (10) | In February 2023, we closed an agreement with LB Heights, LLC, a limited liability company (“LB”) pursuant to which. we purchased $200,000 worth of units in LB for a 40% membership interest in LB. LB is a special purpose entity that is the general partner of 3815 Eastside, LP, a limited partnership acquiring “Avenue Grove” - a 270-unit concrete apartment complex and sole residential community at the doorstep of Levy Park, a vibrant urban greenspace located in Houston, Texas. The property is walkable to Houston’s most prestigious neighborhoods, popular employment centers, and top-tier retail and entertainment centers. The property is currently revenue producing, and the company is entitled to a proportionate share of revenues produced by the property based on its ownership interest. As of the date of this Offering Circular, the company has received 9.59% return from its investment in LB. | |
| (11) | In February 2023, we acquired an ownership interest in RBG Hickory Fund XIX LLC, a limited liability company, which owns Hickory Point, a 175-unit apartment complex located in Newport News, Virginia. Our ownership percentage is 3.125% in RBG Hickory Fund XIX LLC. The property is/ currently revenue producing, and the company is entitled to a proportionate share of revenues produced by the property based on its ownership interest. As of the date of this Offering Circular, the company has received 4.9% return on its investment in Hickory Point. |
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Investment strategy
Real estate properties are marketed as three different types of classes – Class A, Class B and Class C. These classes provide a shorthand way to describe attributes of properties. These are not exact classifications but generally real estate assets within a class have similar characteristics.
The highest quality buildings are Class A; some characteristics include that they tend to be:
| · | built within the past 15 years; |
| · | low vacancy rates, high income tenants and high rents; |
| · | desirable location and professionally managed; and |
| · | no significant maintenance issues. |
Class B is the next highest asset class, some characteristics include that they tend to be:
| · | older than Class A buildings; |
| · | often higher vacancy rates and less affluent tenants; |
| · | less desirable location than Class A buildings and they can be professionally managed; and |
| · | there may be some maintenance issues. |
This class is sometimes described as “value add” because with some renovations and improvements assets in this class can be elevated to a higher class.
The last asset class is Class C, some characteristics include that they tend to be:
| · | older than 20 years; |
| · | less desirable locations and at times, poorly managed; and |
| · | they have some maintenance issues. |
Class C buildings may need significant investment in order for them to become reliably income producing.
Our focus will primarily be multi-family units that fall into the Class B and Class C categories. We intend to use substantially all of the proceeds of this offering to acquire, manage, operate, leverage, and opportunistically sell multi-family rental properties and development projects through purchasing equity interests in those properties. In addition, we intend to leverage our interest in those properties through engaging in activities, through debt (including senior mortgage loans, subordinated mortgage loans (also referred to as B Notes), mezzanine loans, and participations in such loans), as well as commercial real estate debt securities and other real estate-related assets, where the underlying assets primarily consist of such properties. Even though our focus currently is multi-family rental properties that are Class B and Class C assets, our General Partner will evaluate our strategy at least once every six months. Our General Partner may determine for a variety of reasons (including the lack of available assets) to refocus our policy and we may look toward acquiring other types of real property.
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We seek to create and maintain a portfolio of multi-family rental properties and other project investments that generate a low volatility income stream of attractive and consistent cash flow. We intend to achieve this primarily through investment in multi-family value add properties. ‘Value add’ in this case is defined as properties that may exhibit management or operational problems, require physical improvement and/or suffer from capital constraints. By addressing these issues, we seek to increase value and cash flow of our properties over time.
Our underwriting process, which our management team has successfully developed over their extensive real estate careers in a variety of market conditions and implemented at our General Partner, involves comprehensive financial, structural, operational and legal due diligence of our borrowers and partners in order to optimize pricing and structuring and mitigate risk. We feel the current and future market environment for multi-family rental properties and development projects (including any existing or future government-sponsored programs) provides a wide range of opportunities to generate compelling investments with strong risk-return profiles for our limited partners.
Investment objectives
Our primary investment objectives are:
| · | to realize growth in the value of our investments within approximately five to seven years of the termination of this offering; |
| · | to grow net cash from operations so that an increasing amount of cash flow is available for distributions to investors over the long term; |
| · | to pay attractive and consistent cash distributions; |
| · | to enable investors to realize a return on their investment by beginning the process of liquidating and distributing cash to investors within approximately five years to seven years of the termination of this offering, or providing liquidity through alternative means such as in-kind distributions of our own securities or other assets; and |
| · | to preserve, protect and return your capital contribution. |
We also seek to realize growth in the value of our investments by timing their sale to maximize value. However, there is no assurance that our investment objectives will be met.
Investment Strategy
Successful investment process takes careful planning and constant improvement in practices at every point along the path from creating the initial relationship through completing the acquisition. For greater clarity, the path is divided into several steps, some of which are highlighted below. While the investment process is important, it is just the first portion in the complete execution of the asset’s life-cycle, and must be considered in light of the asset management and disposition strategies.
Our Investment Process
Source Relationships
Consistent exposure to quality opportunities must begin with creating relationships with those that might have information concerning properties that are available for purchase.
Brokers
Real estate brokers will provide the widest net in that they are in the business of speaking with owners that may become sellers.
Property Owners
Establishing direct relationships with property owners will increase the likelihood of access to opportunities before they hit the market.
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Identify Opportunities
Most submissions will go through an initial evaluation to gather market trends and data and to find a property that will fit our model.
Initial Evaluation
The starting process for considering an asset is done in the office, and involves a high level financial analysis of price, property rents, vacancy, market rents, potential physical improvements, current lending parameters and MSA dynamics.
Site Visit
When appropriate, a site visit will be conducted.
Advanced Evaluation
After property data is obtained a final re-evaluation of the asset’s potential is conducted. Assumptions made in the initial study are confirmed or adjusted as appropriate.
Investment Committee
The final deciding group is the Investment Committee. It is also the role of the Investment Committee to determine the appropriate time for acquisition and disposing of an asset.
Due Diligence
Due Diligence stage is the final evaluation, both confirming the information gathered regarding the asset including but not limited to estoppels and property financial records received once escrow is opened, and in completing in-depth review of physical characteristics, including structural reports, Phase I hazardous substance reports, mold evaluations if concerns exist, etc.
Close Escrow
The transaction is completed only after all due diligence is done and the returns are consistent with the terms approved.
Partnership Selection (for Joint-Venture Investments)
We place significant value on our partnerships. Because of this, we conduct extensive due diligence on each partner we may make an investment with as a joint-venture investment. Typically, we look for the following when conducting this due diligence:
| 1. | Years of experience in the management team. |
| 2. | Successful deals completed. |
| 3. | Complimentary focus of their portfolio with ours. |
| 4. | Valuation, cash flow and financial stability. |
| 5. | Values, mission and aligned goals. |
Each partnership is different and we evaluate each one on a case by case basis and then determine if we wish to partner with them at the discretion of the General Partner
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Market Outlook — Multi-Family Real Estate Market
Based on our understanding of the multi-family real estate market, we believe that existing apartments will continue to do quite well in terms of occupancy (i.e., 95%+ occupancy rate), but it may not be possible to push up rents as vigorously as in years past. Demand for multi-family rental units has been quite robust over the past year due to pent-up demand, rising interest rates, and lack of supply. A Freddie Mac report released in 2021 showed a 3.8 million unit shortage that may take over a decade to correct. Areas such as Los Angeles, which is estimated to be over 390,000 units short; Salt Lake City, which is estimated to be over 27,000 units short; and San Antonio, which is estimated to be over 54,000 units short, demonstrates there is a need for rental units. We anticipate this trend to continue over the next 5-10 years, which will help in keeping occupancy and rent up even if prices drop.
Within real estate, performance has diverged significantly between sectors, and we are encouraged by our focus on residential and multifamily class B and C assets where we anticipate continued demand growth. While the impacts of the market, the war in Ukraine, and inflation are currently unpredictable; it is possible that there will be a negative impact on both the U.S. and world economy. In such a scenario, while uncertain, we expect that our current strategies, centered around real estate with intrinsic value (residential logistics) and inherent limited supply, are likely to perform as well or better than most other strategies.
In summary, we believe that as an asset class, multi-family assets in core-plus areas in the United States will continue to benefit from appealing risk-adjusted returns. Our understanding is that even through the volatility of the markets, the fundamental demand for housing coupled with population growth, make apartments a relatively safe option for investment capital.
Competition
Our ability to produce revenues will rely on several factors including and not limited to sourcing and acquiring properties to develop and the real estate market once we have developed the properties.
We will compete with other organizations that invest in multi-family real estate assets, including real estate acquisition funds, REITs (e.g., Fundrise), individuals, corporations, insurance companies, pension funds, partnerships and private funds, for both the properties to development as well as for buyers and tenants once the properties have been developed. Some of these entities have more resources than ours.
Legal Proceedings
The company is not involved in any litigation, and its management is not aware of any pending or threatened legal actions relating to its intellectual property, conduct of its business activities, or otherwise.
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The company will focus on investing in Class B and Class C multi-family properties in the United States. CalTier Inc., will act as the General Partner of the company. Though the company may receive capital gains from these properties, the goal of the company will be to purchase properties for rental income.
The company will focus on investing in multi-family projects utilizing both equity and debt. Specifically, the company will focus on investing in B class and C class properties. The company will typically invest in properties with a purchase price in the $6 million to $30 million range. The General Partner will revisit this strategy at least every six months.
The company may acquire an interest in commercial real estate in a variety of ways, including but not limited to:
| · | purchasing fee simple title to a property; |
| · | purchasing a note (performing or non-performing) secured by a property through negotiated lender sales and/or auctions; |
| · | providing straight debt or convertible debt to an owner of a property; or |
| · | purchasing a partnership or membership interest (including minority interests) in a special purpose entity that owns a property. |
To the extent that the company acquires minority interests in special purpose entities it will need to structure those acquisitions in such a way as to not trigger the definition of an “investment company” under the Investment Company Act of 1940.
It is contemplated that the company may use leverage (secured debt or short-term lines of credit) to acquire properties. The company will seek to keep the company’s overall portfolio leverage ratio to 65% or less (75% or less, if mezzanine debt is obtained). The foregoing targets exclude short term lines of credit.
The primary focus for the company is multi-family income properties. However, the company may also make investments in ground up developments, secondary markets, other real estate and non-real estate backed securities and the like. The company will not invest in mobile home parks, hospitals or agricultural properties.
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MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS
We are a Delaware limited partnership formed to acquire and manage a portfolio of multi-family properties and other real estate-related investments which may be wholly or fractionally owned. In addition, we may acquire debt or preferred equity securities that meet our investment objectives.
We plan to diversify our portfolio by investment type, investment size and investment risk with the goal of constructing a portfolio of real estate assets that provides stable, attractive returns to our investors. We may make our investments through direct ownership in real estate assets or in partnership with companies with investment objectives similar to ours.
CalTier Inc. is the General Partner of the company. CalTier Inc. is responsible for managing our day-to-day operations and our portfolio of real estate and other real estate-related assets. CalTier Inc. also has the authority to make all of the decisions regarding our investments (subject to the limitations in our Limited Partnership Agreement) and the direction and their oversight. CalTier Inc. and/or other affiliates of our General Partner will provide marketing, investor relations and other administrative services on our behalf.
As of the date of this Offering Circular, we have acquired a 17-unit mixed-use property, a parcel of land to develop 36 multi-family units, and partial ownership interests in several joint-ventures and/or special-purpose vehicles that own various properties. See “Liquidity and Capital Resources – Our Investments” further below for additional information on our investments.
Results of Operations
For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2023 and 2022.
Investment Income. For the six-month period ended June 30, 2023 (“Interim 2023”), our investments produced revenues of $244,868 (comprised of revenues from property rentals, as well as the sale of a property) compared to $39,487 in revenues for the six months ended June 30, 2022 (“Interim 2022”). The increase in revenue for Interim 2023 was primarily the result of income produced from the sale by the company on May 24, 2023 of The Legend Condo, a wholly-owned property of the company, to an individual private purchaser for a sale price of $869,000. During the same period in 2022, the company only received rental income from its properties.
Operating Expenses. Our expenses decreased to $375,075 for Interim 2023 compared to $671,279 for Interim 2022. The main driver of this decrease was the reduction of professional fees and other fees, which fell from $637,870 in Interim 2022 to $279,331 in Interim 2023. These professional fees and other fees in both periods were comprised of financing expenses and other costs related to our Regulation A offerings, including marketing expenses. The significant decrease for these expenses in Interim 2023 compared to Interim 2022 was primarily the result of us refining our marketing and advertising spending in relation to our current Regulation A offering, which enabled us to reduce our marketing and advertising expenditures compared to Interim 2022.
This decrease was partially offset by an increase in asset management, acquisition and disposition fees paid to our General Partner during Interim 2023, as a result of our company making more investments during Interim 2023, and selling a property during Interim 2023, which did not occur during Interim 2022. The asset management, acquisition and disposition fees for Interim 2023 were $30,181, $47,250, and $8,690, respectively, while in the corresponding period in 2022 there was only an asset management fee of $9,691.
Net Gain. Accordingly, we had a net gain of $72,326 for Interim 2023, compared to a net loss of $633,901 for Interim 2022.
For the Years Ended December 31, 2022 and 2021
For the year ended December 31, 2022, our investments produced revenues of $84,741, compared to $0 for the year ended December 31, 2021. Investment income for the year ended December 31, 2022 was comprised primarily of rental income produced by our existing portfolio of directly owned and jointly-owned properties. In particular, the company received $75,013 in rental income from the Legend Condominium for the year ended December 31, 2022, which the company acquired in November 2021. By the end of 2021, the company had only made limited investments in real estate, which had not yet produced revenues. During the year ended December 31, 2022, the company acquired and/or invested in a significantly greater number of properties, which is the primary driver behind the increase in investment income in 2022 compared to 2021.
We had total expenses of $1,761,180 for the year ended December 31, 2022, compared to $433,148 for the year ended December 31, 2021. The largest component of our operating expenses for both the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021 were professional and other fees, which were $1,645,825 for the year ended December 31, 2022, and were primarily comprised of marketing expenses related to capital raising in our prior Regulation A offering, as well as other offering expenses, property taxes, legal, audit, and accounting expenses. These fees increased significantly in 2022 as a result of increasing our marketing spending in an effort to grow the company, as well as receiving additional proceeds from our prior Regulation A offering which allowed us to put more funds towards growing our company. Additionally, as our operations grew, we incurred more expenses related to marketing, audits, and accounting. The second largest component of operating expenses was management fees (paid to our General Partner, CalTier, Inc., which were largely comprised of Asset Management Fees paid to the General Partner in both periods), followed by interest fees paid on the loan from Velocity Mortgage Capital, LLC, which has been repaid as of the date of this Offering Circular. Our operating expenses significantly increased in all of these categories for the year ended December 31, 2022 compared to the year ended December 31, 2021 primarily due to our increased operations in 2022 compared to 2021, which led to both increased revenues from investments, but also increased operating expenses.
As a result of the foregoing factors, we incurred a net loss of $1,557,246 for the year ended December 31, 2022, a significant increase compared to a net loss of $415,999 for the year ended December 31, 2021
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Liquidity and Capital Resources
As of June 30, 2023, we had $64,439 in cash on hand, as well as $120,975 in receivables from escrow, representing investments from our current Regulation A Offering. In addition, we estimated the fair value of our investments at $3,463,240 as of June 30, 2023. See “Our Investments” below and our financial statements for further details.
On November 18, 2019, we commenced an offering pursuant to Tier 2 of Regulation A of the Securities Act of 1933 pursuant to which we sought to raise up to $50,000,000 worth of units representing limited partnership interests in our company. On February 17, 2022, having received subscriptions for a total of 865,488 units, for a total of $4,327,442 in gross proceeds from this offering, we terminated this offering.
On February 17, 2023, we commenced a new Regulation A offering, in which we are seeking to raise up to $72,000,000 worth of our units. As of February 14, 2024, we have sold 534,475.60 units for gross proceeds of $2,672,378 in this offering. This offering is still ongoing.
We are reliant upon the net proceeds from our current Regulation A offering to continue to make investments in real estate. In addition to those proceeds, we have and intend to obtain the required capital to make investments in real estate through a variety of resources, including using leverage (secured debt or short-term lines of credit) to acquire properties. We intend to keep the company’s overall portfolio leverage ratio at 65% or less. The foregoing targets exclude short-term lines of credit, specifically, the company may obtain lines of credit to provide working capital and to fund acquisitions. No debt is or will be recourse to the limited partners.
Our Investments
As of June 30, 2023, we had entered into the following investments.
Residential Rental Properties:
| Asset Name | Zip Code | # of Units | Date of Investment |
Approximate Investment Cost |
||||||||||||
| Reflections at Lakeshore | 92530 | 11.22 acres | 10/18/2022 | $ | 550,000 | |||||||||||
| 154 N. Topeka | 67202 | 17 | 6/29/2023 | $ | 1,700,000 | |||||||||||
Joint Venture Properties:
| Asset Name | Zip Code | # of Units | Date of Investment |
Approximate Investment Cost |
||||||||||||
| The Lodges at Glenwood | 84604 | 194 | 3/17/2021 | $ | 10,000 | |||||||||||
| Lakewood Apartments | 77590 | 88 | 3/25/2021 | $ | 25,000 | |||||||||||
| Raintree Commons | 84604 | 154 | 5/26/2021 | $ | 15,000 | |||||||||||
| Apple Lane Apartments | 66049 | 75 | 7/1/2021 | $ | 25,000 | |||||||||||
| 506 South Apartments | 77598 | 180 | 12/31/2021 | $ | 25,930 | |||||||||||
| APEX Apartments | 76105 | 152 | 5/5/2022 | $ | 100,000 | |||||||||||
| Pinpoint RVA Portfolio |
23219 23220 |
185 | 6/27/2022 | $ | 200,000 | |||||||||||
| Sabine Lofts | 77007 | 198 | 9/26/2022 | $ | 50,000 | |||||||||||
| Sundance Income and Growth OP | Various | 3,987+ | 10/14/2022 | $ | 100,000 | |||||||||||
| Avenue Grove | 77098 | 270 | 2/3/2023 | $ | 200,000 | |||||||||||
| Hickory Point | 23602 | 175 | 2/15/2023 | $ | 200,000 | |||||||||||
Subsequent to June 30, 20232, we have made not made or entered into agreements to make additional investments.
Share Price
Our General Partner set our initial offering price at $5.00 per unit, which was the purchase price of the company’s units until June 30, 2022. Thereafter, the per unit purchase price in this offering will be adjusted every fiscal quarter and, as of July 1, October 1, January 1, and April 1, of each year (or as soon as commercially reasonable and announced by us thereafter), will be equal to the greater of (i) $5.00 per unit or (ii) our net asset value (“NAV”) divided by the number of units outstanding as of the close of business on the last business day of the prior fiscal quarter, in each case prior to giving effect to any share purchases or redemptions to be effected on such day.
As of December 31, 2023 (and for each fiscal quarter prior), our per unit purchase price and Net Asset Value (“NAV”) per unit was $5.00, which shall be effective through March 31, 2023 (or as soon as commercially reasonable thereafter), unless updated by us prior to that time.
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Distributions
As of June 30, 2023, and December 31, 2022, we had paid $307,226 and $160,294, respectively, in distributions to our investors. As our company’s assets grow, we intend to continue making distributions to our investors.
In addition to funds being allocated to expenses and making distributions to investors, certain funds, including during our offering stage will be distributed to our General Partner to offset certain organization and offering related fees.
Indebtedness
The company entered into a Borrower Agreement with Forbix Capital Corp. (“Forbix”) on November 16, 2021. Under the terms of the agreement, the company received a $530,000 loan from Forbix, $17,895 of which was used to pay an origination fee to Forbix. The term of the loan was until May 15, 2021, at which point the loan was due for repayment. The company was required to pay 8.95% per annum in interest. As of June 30, 2022, the company owed $530,000 under the Forbix Agreement, and had not repaid the loan by its maturity date. On August 8, 2022, the company entered into a refinancing related to this loan with Velocity Mortgage Capital, LLC. As a result of this refinancing, the company entered into a Loan Agreement with Velocity Mortgage Capital, pursuant to which the company issued Velocity Mortgage Capital a promissory note in the total principal amount of $600,000, which accrues interest at 9.86% per annum. The $600,000 loan amount includes the payoff of the amount due under the loan due to Forbix, origination fees payable to Velocity Mortgage Capital in connection with the loan, property improvement and management, taxes, insurance, and other related costs. Monthly payments to Velocity Mortgage Capital of principal and interest on the loan commence on October 1, 2022, with full repayment due by September 1, 2052. On May 24, 2023, the company sold the Legend Condo and a portion of the proceeds of the sale were used to pay off the loan described above in full.
The company, through a wholly owned subsidiary, entered into a Loan Agreement, Promissory Note, Mortgage and various agreements, including an environmental indemnity agreement, with Yieldi, LLC (“Yieldi”) on June 29, 2023. Under the terms of the agreement, the company received a $905,000 loan from Yieldi, $855,000 was paid in the initial payment and $50,000 was held back pursuant to a repair holdback and security agreement. The loan has an interest rate of 13.5% and accrued interest only is due on each monthly payment due date beginning on August 1, 2023, the principal of the loan is due upon maturity. Upon the occurrence of default, the interest rate will increase to 45.00% to annum. The company may extend the loan for an additional 12 months (July 1, 2025), for a fee of 3% of the outstanding principal. The loan is still outstanding as of the date of this Offering Circular.
Trends
We continue to identify and pursue potential assets, primarily multi-family value-add, as we believe this asset class to have high demand regardless of overall market and demand fluctuations. In the United States, there is currently a nationwide shortfall of new multi-family homes, and current housing development efforts in the U.S. are not projected to meet the demand for housing going forward. With rising interest rates and the unaffordability of single-family home prices, we believe there is a need for clean and affordable multi-family housing that we intend to capitalize upon.
The company continues to invest and expand our portfolio of real estate investments. See “Liquidity and Capital Resources – Our Investments” above for more information on investments we have made to date.
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MANAGEMENT
Our General Partner
We operate under the direction of our General Partner, which is responsible for directing the management of our business and affairs, managing our day-to-day affairs, and implementing our asset acquisition strategy. The General Partner and its officers and directors are not required to devote all of their time to our business and are only required to devote such time to our affairs as their duties require.
Our General Partner will select commercial real estate acquisition opportunities, and inform investors about those opportunities through amendments or supplements to this Offering Circular. Following the receipt of sufficient investment capital to acquire whole or fractional interests in properties outright or through the use of debt financing, our General Partner will complete the acquisition transaction, whereby title to the property or the financial instrument, as applicable, will be held by the company or a wholly special purpose vehicle created to hold that specific property or instrument. Our General Partner and its affiliates will then be engaged for the day-to-day management of the acquired property. Responsibilities of our General Partner include property management, asset management, accounting, leasing and construction management. The General Partner may hire unaffiliated third parties to perform some of its responsibilities.
Our General Partner performs its duties and responsibilities pursuant to our Limited Partnership Agreement. Furthermore, we have agreed to limit the liability of our General Partner and to indemnify our General Partner against certain liabilities.
Executive Officers and Significant Employees of our General Partner
The company is managed by our General Partner. As of the date of this Offering Circular, the executive officers and significant of our General Partner and their positions and offices are as follows:
| Name | Position | Age | |||
| Matthew Belcher | Chief Executive Officer, President, and Director | 46 | |||
| Parker Smith | Chief Financial Officer, Chief Operating Officer, Director | 42 | |||
| Travis Hook | Chief Information Officer, Secretary, and Director | 37 |
Matthew Belcher - Chief Executive Officer, President, and Director
Matthew Belcher is the Chief Executive Officer, President, and a Director of CalTier Inc. Matt Belcher is engaged in many aspects of foreign direct investment (FDI), foreign trade and commerce both into and out of the US. He resides in Southern California and is a resource for any international individual, organization, family office of fund looking for well-structured deal flow within the United States. From 2016 to the present, he is a co-founder and CEO of the San Diego EB-5 Regional Center, a USCIS approved Regional Center. From 2017 to the present, he is Managing Partner of Woodmont EB-5 Regional Center. Within these roles, he provides high-value advice, project direction, fund management and deal-making services to project owners and stakeholders looking to leverage the EB-5 funding program and foreign direct investment (FDI) as a whole. His real estate experience covers projects and deals ranging from $1 million to $1 billion. He has over 20 years senior executive management experience across several continents covering deal structuring, M&A and sales/marketing performance while working with some of the largest companies in the world including BP, Shell, The International Olympic Committee, FT.com, Barclays Capital, Deutsche Bank, Virgin and many more globally. From 2010 to 2016, he owned ICWG, a boutique Management Consulting Firm and San Diego Business Plans. Prior to moving to the United States in 2010, he ran a software development company, Saviso Consulting, and worked in various software consulting companies.
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Travis Hook - Chief Information Officer, Secretary, and Director
Mr. Hook is Chief Information Officer, Secretary, and a Director of CalTier Inc. He received his Bachelors of Science from Baylor University in Waco, TX in 2008 and his Masters of Business Administration from Alliant International University: Marshall Goldsmith School of Management San Diego, CA in 2015, with an emphasis on entrepreneurship and international business. From 2013 to 2016, Mr. Hook worked as a residential and commercial agent under Coastal Pacific Real Estate Brokerage in La Jolla, CA specializing in 1031 Tax Deferred Exchange and international buyer representation. In 2015, he co-founded MyCityShares, LLC, a management consulting company offering custom research, document creation, consulting and audit solutions to help domestic and international clients take advantage of the U.S. investment visa programs through US Real Estate acquisition and development opportunities. In 2016, Mr. Hook also co-founded the San Diego EB-5 Regional Center, a regional development entity licensed by the United States Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) to promote regional job creation through foreign investment. The San Diego, CA based Regional Center is focused on encouraging economic growth through both EB-5 and foreign direct investment (FDI) into southern California. In the last several years there has been a greater demand from foreign investors through both the EB-5 Program and FDI to deploy capital safely and effectively into the US market.
Parker Smith - Chief Financial Officer, Chief Operating Officer, Director
Parker Smith is Chief Financial Officer, Chief Operating Officer, and a Director of CalTier Inc. He is a Co-Founder and Managing Attorney at Sy and Smith, PC, with years of experience in Civil Litigation and Business Transactions. He has been at this position since January 2016. Prior to Sy and Smith, Mr. Smith worked at Booz Allen Hamilton Inc., one of the top U.S. defense consulting firms, and managed his own legal practice from 2012 to 2016. Mr. Smith received his Juris Doctor from Thomas Jefferson School of Law. Parker has a Bachelor’s in Business Finance from Brigham Young University, and spent several years working in the banking industry. Mr. Smith is a member of the California State Bar. He is fluent in Spanish.
Limited Liability and Indemnification of our General Partner and Others
Subject to certain limitations, our limited partnership agreement limits the liability of our General Partner and certain affiliates (including other limited partners), can be held liable to the company and its limited partners. In addition, the company will indemnify General Partner and other parties for liabilities, cost and expenses arising in connection with any action taken or omitted by an Indemnified Party, including attorneys’ fees incurred in connection with the defense of any action based on any such act or omission, except to the extent that any liability from such Indemnified Party’s fraud, bad faith, willful misconduct, gross negligence, or violation of the terms of this Limited Partnership Agreement.
Insofar as the foregoing provisions permit indemnification of directors, officers or persons controlling us for liability arising under the Securities Act, we have been informed that, in the opinion of the SEC, this indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and is therefore unenforceable.
Removal of the General Partner
Our limited partnership agreement provides that our General Partner will serve as our General Partner for an indefinite term, however our General Partner may be removed by us, or may choose to withdraw as General Partner, under certain circumstances. Specifically, the limited partners may remove the General Partner by an affirmative vote of those holding a majority of interests in cases where the General Partner is convicted or found liable for an act of gross negligence or fraud which materially lowers the net asset value of the company.
Further, the General Partner will only serve until its bankruptcy, dissolution or if the General Partner is replaced by a natural person, that General Partner’s term will end by death or adjudication of incompetency.
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COMPENSATION OF GENERAL PARTNER AND EXECUTIVE OFFICERS
We do not currently have any employees and we do not currently intend to hire any employees who will be compensated directly by us. All individuals performing work for the company are employees of the General Partner and will receive compensation, including for services performed for us, from our General Partner. As executive officers of our General Partner, these individuals will serve to manage our day-to-day affairs, oversee the review, selection and recommendation of investment opportunities; service acquired investments and monitor the performance of these investments to ensure that they are consistent with our investment objectives. Although we will indirectly bear some of the costs of the compensation paid to these individuals, through fees we pay to our General Partner, we do not intend to pay any compensation directly to these individuals.
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Our General Partner and its affiliates will receive fees and expense reimbursements for services relating to this offering and the investment and management of our assets. The items of compensation are summarized in the following table. Neither our General Partner nor its affiliates will receive any selling commissions or dealer manager fees in connection with the offer and sale of our units.
| Form and Compensation Recipient | Determination of Amount | Estimated Amount |
| Organization and Offering Stage | ||
Organization and Offering Expenses – General Partner |
To date, the General Partner has paid approximately $1,057,677 organization and offering expenses on our behalf. We will reimburse the General Partner for these costs and future organization and offering costs it may incur on our behalf. | $ 10,435,000 for a maximum raise of $72,000,000 (1) |
| Acquisition and Development Stage | ||
Acquisition Fee – General Partner or Other Party |
Compensation for efforts of the General Partner in organizing the company, conducting due diligence on the property, procuring the acquisition loan, and making this investment opportunity available to investors. The fee will range from 1.0% - 2.5% per property. | Actual amounts are dependent upon the total equity and debt capital provided by the company, or their affiliates; we cannot determine these amounts at the present time. The maximum acquisition fee in a year, assuming the maximum amount of this offering is raised and we utilize leverage of 75% (the high end of the company’s disclosed target leverage range), would be $3,168,000. |
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| Operational Stage | ||
Asset Management Fee – General Partner |
Quarterly asset management based on our Net Asset Value at the end of each prior quarter ($2,509,577 as of December 31, 2023). | Actual amounts are dependent upon the offering proceeds we raise (and any leverage we employ) and the results of our operations. The asset management fee, assuming the maximum amount of this offering is raised and we utilize leverage of 75% (the high end of the company’s disclosed target leverage range), would be $8,640,000 per year. |
| Expense Reimbursement -General Partner | We will reimburse
the General Partner for out of pocket expenses paid to third parties in connection with providing services to us, including license
fees, auditing fees, fees associated with SEC reporting requirements, increases in insurance costs, Delaware taxes and filing fees,
administration fees, fees for the services of an independent representative, and third-party costs associated with these expenses.
This does not include overhead, employee costs, utilities or technology costs of the General Partner or its affiliates. |
Actual amounts are dependent upon the results of our operations; we cannot determine these amounts at the present time. |
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| Construction Management Fee – General Partner or Other Party | Compensation to the General Partner or a third party for the management of any construction on a property. This fee will be 5-7.5% of the construction and/or renovation budget. | Actual amounts are dependent upon the offering proceeds we raise (and any leverage we employ) and the number of investment opportunities considered by the company. The maximum Construction Management fee in a year, assuming the maximum amount of this offering is raised and we utilize a 15% of the purchase price (the high end of the company’s estimated construction budget range for target assets), would be $2,250,000. |
| Property Management Fee - General Partner or Other Party | Most likely, to be paid to a third-party property manager, who will provide property management services. The property manager may be an affiliate of the General Partners. 2.5- 4% gross collected income from a property. | Actual amounts are dependent upon the results of our operations; we cannot determine these amounts at the present time. |
| Liquidation – Listing Stage | ||
Disposition Fee - General Partner or Other Party |
Compensation for the efforts of the General Partner in the disposition of a property. This fee is earned on the sale of a property and it ranges from 0.5%-1.0% on the price of the property. | Actual amounts are dependent upon the offering proceeds we raise (and any leverage we employ) and the number of investment opportunities considered by the company. The maximum acquisition fee in a year, assuming the maximum amount of this offering is raised and we utilize leverage of 75% (the high end of the company’s disclosed target leverage range), would be $1,500,000. |
(1) We reimburse our General Partner, without interest, for these organization and offering costs incurred both before and after such date. Reimbursement payments are made in monthly installments, but the aggregate monthly amount reimbursed can never exceed 1.0% of the aggregate gross offering proceeds from the Regulation A offering. If the sum of the total unreimbursed amount of such organization and offering costs, plus new costs incurred since the last reimbursement payment, exceeds the reimbursement limit described above for the applicable monthly installment, the excess will be eligible for reimbursement in subsequent months (subject to the 1.0% limit), calculated on an accumulated basis, until our General Partner has been reimbursed in full.
To date, we have reimbursed our General Partner for expenses in the amount of $949,295.
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INTEREST OF MANAGEMENT AND OTHERS IN CERTAIN TRANSACTIONS
We are subject to various conflicts of interest arising out of our relationship with our General Partner and its affiliates. We discuss these conflicts below.
Our General Partner and affiliates are not currently officers, directors, General Partners, key professionals and/or holders of a direct or indirect controlling interest in other investment companies but may do so in the future. However, some of our affiliates are officers, General Partners, key professionals and/or holders of a direct or indirect controlling interest in other companies that way may apply to assist in the financing our acquisitions and projects.
Investment Opportunities
We rely on the investment professionals in the General Partner to source investment opportunities. These same individuals may source opportunities for themselves, other companies that they are affiliated with and other companies that are managed by the General Partner. Though our General Partner does not currently have other companies investing in the type of investment, our General Partner may in the future develop similar companies with a similar objective. In order to ameliorate this conflict we will aim to not have our acquisition stages overlap with other investment vehicles of the General Partner and we instituted conflicts of interest properties.
Competition for Tenants, Buyers and Service Providers
We may compete with other multi-family property owners as well as future companies that our General Partner will manage for potential tenants, buyers and service providers for the properties we develop. Further we may our properties may be in competition to be sold or we may compete for the services in the same developers, contractors, building General Partners or other third parties. In such case, we may not be able to fully mitigate our conflict; however, to reduce conflicts, our plan would be to inform the third party of all the potential properties, as appropriate.
Allocation of Time
We rely on the personnel of the General Partner and its affiliates for the development, management and our day-to-day operation of business. The individuals are also the same individuals who work with the other companies managed by our General Partner and its affiliates. Therefore, these individuals will need to allocate their time between the various entities and are not obligated to set aside a fixed amount of time for work for this company. That said, we believe that these professionals will have enough time to devote to the various entities. Further, because real estate requires a specialized skill set, we believe utilizing these professionals does create certain efficiencies. However, should we discover that we lack the personnel resources to appropriately manage our business, our General Partner intends to hire staff as required.
Compensation
In the future some of the General Partner’s executive officers may be principals in a company providing property management and other services to us, including financing services. Fees for services of the General Partner and affiliates to the company are not the result of arm’s length negotiations. The current set up of the fees could impact their judgment including with respect to the sale of real estate investments, the acquisition of real estate, and the continuation, renewal or enforcement of our agreements with our General Partner or its affiliates.
Duties Owed by Some of Our Affiliates to Our General and our General Partners’ Affiliates
Our General Partner’s affiliates are also officers, directors, managers and/or key professionals of related and unrelated businesses. As a result, they owe duties to each of these entities and their respective members. These duties may from time to time conflict with the duties that they owe to us.
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The company is offering limited partnership interests to investors in this offering. The following description summarizes important terms of the company’s limited partnership interests. This summary does not purport to be complete and is qualified in its entirety by the provisions of the company’s Certificate of Limited Partnership and its Limited Partnership Agreement, copies of which have been filed as Exhibits to the Offering Statement of which this Offering Circular is a part.
Limited partnership interests
General
The company is a Delaware limited partnership organized on January 23, 2019 under the Delaware Revised Uniform Limited Partnership Act, or Delaware LP Act, issuing limited partnership interests. The limited partnership interests in the company will be denominated in units of limited partnership interests (“units”). Each unit will be equal to $5.00 in capital contributions. Our Limited Partnership Agreement provides that we may issue an unlimited number of units or fractions thereof with the approval of the General Partner and without limited partner approval.
All of the units offered by this Offering Circular will be duly authorized and validly issued. Holders of units have no conversion, exchange, sinking fund or appraisal rights, no pre-emptive rights to subscribe for any securities of the company and no preferential rights to distributions. However, holders of our units will be eligible to participate in our quarterly redemption plan, as described below in “Redemption Plan.”
Distributions
Subject to the applicable provisions of law, and beginning on the earlier of (i) twelve months from the date of admission of the first Limited Partner (not including the General Partner) is admitted to the company or (ii) the company’s investments in real estate assets begin generating sufficient cashflows. The General Partner may, in its sole discretion, at any time and from time to time, declare, make and pay distributions of cash or other assets of the company to the Limited Partners.
Voting Rights
Certain actions of the company require of a vote of limited partners holding a majority in of the issued and outstanding limited partnership interests.
The following actions of the General Partner cannot be performed without an affirmative vote of limited partners holding a majority of the issued and outstanding interests:
| (a) | the company’s merger with or conversion into another entity; |
| (b) | a transaction, not expressly permitted by this Agreement, involving a conflict of interest between the General Partner and the company; or |
| (c) | an amendment to the Limited Partnership Agreement that materially or adversely affects the rights of the limited partners to receive distributions, withdraw from the company or their voting rights. |
Further, the limited partners may elect a new general partner in limited circumstances, including where there previous General Partner is no longer the General Partner and did not select an affiliate as a successor. The limited partners may also remove the General Partner by an affirmative vote of those holding a majority of interests in cases where the General Partner is convicted or found liable for an act of gross negligence or fraud which materially lowers the net asset value of the company.
Finally, a vote of limited partners holding a majority in of the issued and outstanding limited partnership interests may amend the Limited Partnership Agreement.
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Dissolution
The company will continue until (a) dissolved under the partnership agreement unless sooner dissolved or terminated under the Delaware Revised Uniform Partnership Act; (b) the decision of the General Partner to dissolve the company, in its sole and absolute discretion; (c) any event that makes the company ineligible to conduct its activities as a limited partnership under the Delaware Revised Uniform Partnership Act; or (d) otherwise by option of law.
Transfer Restrictions
No units may be transferred if in the judgment of the General Partner, a transfer would jeopardize the availability of exemptions from the registration requirements of federal securities laws, jeopardize the tax status of the partnership as a limited partnership or cause a termination of the partnership for federal income tax purposes.
Forum Selection Provision
The subscription agreement that investors will execute in connection with the offering includes a forum selection provision that requires any claims against the company based on the agreement to be brought in a state or federal court of competent jurisdiction in the State of Delaware, for the purpose of any suit, action or other proceeding arising out of or based upon the agreement. Although we believe the provision benefits us by providing increased consistency in the application of Delaware law in the types of lawsuits to which it applies and in limiting our litigation costs, to the extent it is enforceable, the forum selection provision may limit investors’ ability to bring claims in judicial forums that they find favorable to such disputes and may discourage lawsuits with respect to such claims. The company has adopted the provision to limit the time and expense incurred by its management to challenge any such claims. As a company with a small management team, this provision allows its officers to not lose a significant amount of time traveling to any particular forum so they may continue to focus on operations of the company. Investors will not be deemed to have waived the company’s compliance with the federal securities laws and the rules and regulations thereunder.
Jury Trial Waiver
The subscription agreement that investors will execute in connection with the offering provides that subscribers waive the right to a jury trial of any claim they may have against us arising out of or relating to the agreement, other than claims arising under federal securities laws. If we opposed a jury trial demand based on the waiver, a court would determine whether the waiver was enforceable given the facts and circumstances of that case in accordance with applicable case law. In addition, by agreeing to the provision, subscribers will not be deemed to have waived the company’s compliance with the federal securities laws and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.
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Valuation Policies
We expect to engage an independent valuation expert with expertise in appraising commercial real estate loans and other real estate-related financial assets to provide annual valuations of the investments of the company, including related liabilities, to be set forth in reports of the underlying investments, and to adjust those valuations for events known to the independent valuation expert that it believes are likely to have a material impact on previously provided estimates of the value of the affected investments and related liabilities. Our General Partner will inform the independent valuation expert if a material event occurs between scheduled annual valuations that the General Partner believes may materially affect the value of our assets.
At the end of each fiscal quarter following the commencement of this offering (or such other period as determined by the General Partner in its sole discretion, but no less frequently than annually), our General Partner’s internal accountants and asset management team will calculate our NAV using a process that reflects (1) estimated values of each of the company’s commercial real estate assets and investments, including related liabilities, based upon (a) market capitalization rates, comparable sales information, interest rates, net operating income, (b) with respect to debt, default rates, discount rates and loss severity rates, and (c) in certain instances reports of the underlying real estate provided by an independent valuation expert, (2) the price of liquid assets for which third party market quotes are available, (3) accruals of the company’s periodic distributions and (4) estimated accruals of the company’s operating revenues and expenses.
The independent valuation expert will not be responsible for, and will not prepare, our quarterly aggregate NAV or NAV per unit.
Our goal is to provide a reasonable estimate of the value of our units on a quarterly basis (or such other periodic basis as determined by the General Partner in its sole discretion, but no less frequently than annually). However, the majority of our assets consist of commercial real estate investments and, as with any commercial real estate valuation protocol, the conclusions reached by our General Partner’s internal asset management team or internal accountants, as the case may be, are based on a number of judgments, assumptions and opinions about future events that may or may not prove to be correct. The use of different judgments, assumptions or opinions would likely result in different estimates of the value of our commercial real estate assets and investments. In addition, for any given period, our published NAV per unit may not fully reflect certain material events, to the extent that the financial impact of such events on our portfolio is not immediately quantifiable. As a result, the calculation of our NAV per unit may not reflect the precise amount that might be paid for your units in a market transaction, and any potential disparity in our NAV per unit may be in favor of either limited partners who redeem their units, or limited partners who buy new units, or existing limited partners. However, to the extent quantifiable, if a material event occurs in between updates of NAV that would cause our NAV per unit to change by 5% or more from the last disclosed NAV, we will disclose the updated price and the reason for the change in an Offering Circular supplement as promptly as reasonably practicable, and will update the NAV information provided on our website.
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Quarterly Net Asset Value Share Price Adjustments
The per unit purchase price in this offering will be adjusted every fiscal quarter and, as of January 1st, April 1st, July 1st, and October 1st of each year (or as soon as commercially reasonable and announced by us thereafter), will be equal to the greater of (i) $5.00 per unit or (ii) our net asset value (“NAV”) divided by the number of units outstanding as of the close of business on the last business day of the prior fiscal quarter, in each case prior to giving effect to any share purchases or redemptions to be effected on such day.
We will file with the SEC on a quarterly basis an Offering Circular supplement disclosing the quarterly determination of our NAV per unit that will be applicable for such fiscal quarter, which we refer to as the pricing supplement. As long as this offering continues, we will disclose, on a quarterly basis in an Offering Circular supplement filed with the SEC, the principal valuation components of our NAV. We will use commercially reasonable efforts to monitor whether a material event occurs in between quarterly updates of NAV that would cause our NAV per unit to change by 5% or more from the last disclosed NAV. While this offering is ongoing, if we reasonably believe that such a material event has occurred, we will calculate and disclose the updated price and the reason for the change in an Offering Circular supplement as promptly as reasonably practicable and will update the NAV information provided on our website. We will also use that updated NAV per unit as the offering price for new units for the remainder of that fiscal quarter.
Any subscriptions that we receive prior to the end of a fiscal quarter will be executed at a price equal to our NAV per unit applicable to such fiscal quarter. Thus, even if settlement occurs in the following quarter, the purchase price for the units will be the price in effect at the time the subscription was received.
Historical NAV
Below is the quarterly NAV per limited partnership interest, as determined in accordance with our valuation policies. The NAV will be updated quarterly. Linked in the table is the relevant Form 1-U detailing each NAV evaluation method, incorporated by reference herein.
| Date | NAV Per Unit |
Link | ||||||
| June 30, 2022 | $ | 5.00 | Form 1-U | |||||
| September 30, 2022 | $ | 5.00 | Form 1-U | |||||
| December 31, 2022 | $ | 5.00 | 253G2 | |||||
| March 31, 2023 | $ | 5.00 | Form 1-K | |||||
| June 30, 2023 | $ | 5.00 | Form 1-U | |||||
| September 30, 2023 | $ | 5.00 | Form 1-U | |||||
| December 31, 2023 | $ | 5.00 | Form 1-U | |||||
Redemption Plan
While limited partners should view this investment as long-term, with poor liquidity, we have adopted a redemption plan whereby, on a monthly basis, an investor may have the opportunity to obtain liquidity. The General Partner has designed our redemption plan with a view towards providing investors with an initial period during which to decide whether a long-term investment in the company is appropriate for their portfolio. In addition, despite the illiquid nature of the assets expected to be held by the company, the General Partner believes it is in the best interest of all limited partners to provide the opportunity for limited quarterly liquidity in the event a limited partner needs it, by offering a discounted redemption price prior to year 2. The difference between the NAV per unit and the discounted value would accrue to limited partners who have not requested redemption. Our General Partner does not receive any economic benefit as a result of the discounted redemption price through year 2.
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Pursuant to our redemption plan, a limited partner may only (a) have one outstanding redemption request at any given time and (b) request that we redeem up to the lesser of 10,000 units or $50,000 per each redemption request. In addition, the redemption plan is subject to certain liquidity limitations, which may fluctuate depending on the liquidity of the real estate assets held by us.
For the first eighty-nine (89) days following the settlement of the units subject to the redemption request (the “Introductory Period”), the per unit redemption price will be equal to the purchase price of the units being redeemed reduced by
| (53) | the aggregate sum of distributions paid with respect to such units, rounded down to the nearest cent and |
(ii) the aggregate sum of distributions, if any, declared but unpaid on the units subject to the redemption request.
In other words, a limited partner would receive back their original investment amount, from the redemption price paid, prior distributions received and distributions that have been declared (and that will be received when paid), but would not receive any amounts in excess of their original investment amount.
Beginning with the ninetieth (90th) day following the settlement of the units subject to the redemption request (the “Post-Introductory Period”), the per unit redemption price will be calculated based on a declining discount to our most recently disclosed NAV per unit at the time of the redemption request, and rounded down to the nearest cent (the “repurchase price”). For example, for requests made during the fiscal quarter January 1 through March 31, 2023, the declining discount will be applied to the NAV per unit calculated as of the close of business on December 31, 2022, assuming no adjustments in that period and prior to giving effect to any share purchases or redemptions to be effected on December 31, 2021. In addition, the redemption plan is subject to certain aggregate liquidity limitations, which may vary depending on the underlying liquidity of the real estate assets held by us. During the Post-Introductory Period, the redemption price with respect to the units that are subject to the redemption request will not be reduced by the aggregate sum of distributions, if any, that have been (i) paid with respect to such units prior to the date of the redemption request or (ii) declared but unpaid on such units with record dates during the period between the redemption request date and the redemption date.
| Effective Redemption Price | ||||
| Holding Period from Date of Settlement | (as percentage of per unit redemption price)(1) | |||
| Less than 90 days (Introductory Period) | 100 | %(2)(3) | ||
| 90 days until 6 months | 97.0 | %(4) | ||
| 6 months to 1 year | 98.0 | %(5) | ||
| 1 year to 2 years | 99.0 | %(6) | ||
| More than 2 years | 100.0 | %(7) | ||
| (1) | The Effective Redemption Price will be rounded down to the nearest $0.01. |
| (2) | The per unit redemption price during the Introductory Period is calculated based upon the purchase price of the units, not the per unit price in effect at the time of the redemption request. |
| (3) | The Effective Redemption Price during the Post-Introductory Period will be reduced by the aggregate sum of distributions paid or payable on such units, the amount of which we are unable to calculate at this time. |
| (4) | For units held at least ninety (90) days but less than six (6) months, the Effective Redemption Price includes the fixed 3% discount to the repurchase price in effect at the time of the redemption request. |
| (5) | For units held at least six (6) months but less than one (1) year, the Effective Redemption Price includes the fixed 2% discount to the repurchase price in effect at the time of the redemption request. |
| (6) | For units held at least one (1) year but less than two (2) years, the Effective Redemption Price includes the fixed 1% discount to the repurchase price in effect at the time of the redemption request. |
| (7) | For units held at least two (2) years, the Effective Redemption Price does not include any discount to the repurchase price in effect at the time of the redemption request. |
As limited partners must observe a minimum sixty (60) day waiting period following a redemption request before such request will be honored, whether a redemption request is deemed to be in the Introductory Period or the Post-Introductory Period will be determined as of the date the redemption request is made, not the date the redemption request is honored. Meaning, for example, if a redemption request is submitted during the Introductory Period, but honored after the Introductory Period, the effective redemption price will be determined using the Introductory Period methodology.
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The following is a brief comparison of our redemption plan during the Introductory Period (up to 90 days after acquiring the units) and the Post-Introductory Period (90 days or more after acquiring the units), which is qualified in its entirety by the disclosure contained herein.
| SUMMARY OF REDEMPTION PLAN | ||
| Introductory Period | Post-Introductory Period | |
| Duration | First 89 days after settlement | 90 days or more after settlement |
| Redemption Price | 100% of purchase price less distributions paid and distributions declared and to be paid less third-party costs | 97-100% of NAV (no reduction for distributions) less third-party costs |
| Timing to submit request | At least 60 days prior to the effective redemption date (but in no event 90 or more days after first acquiring the units) | At least 60 days prior to the effective redemption date |
| Last Date to Withdraw Request | Up to effective redemption date | Up to effective redemption date |
| Date of Redemption Payment | Within 3-5 business days of the effective redemption date | Within 3-5 business days of the effective redemption date |
| Frequency | Monthly (after a minimum 60 day waiting period after the submission of the redemption request) | Monthly (after a minimum 60 day waiting period after the submission of the redemption request) |
| Minimum Amount of Units Redeemed Per Limited Partner | None | None |
| Maximum Amount of Units Redeemed Per Redemption Request | 10,000 units or $50,000, whichever is less | 10,000 units or $50,000, whichever is less |
We have the right to monitor the trading patterns of limited partners or their financial advisors and we reserve the right to reject any purchase or redemption transaction at any time based on what we deem to be a pattern of excessive, abusive or short-term trading. We expect that there will be no regular secondary trading market for our units. However, in the event a secondary market for our units develops, we will terminate our redemption plan.
Redemption of our units will be made monthly upon written request to us at least sixty (60) days prior to the effective redemption date; provided, however, written requests for units to be redeemed during the Introductory Period must be delivered to our General Partner prior to the end of such limited partner’s Introductory Period. Our General Partner intends to provide notice of redemption by the end of the first month following the sixtieth (60th) day after the submission of the redemption request, with an effective redemption date no earlier than the sixtieth (60th) day following the submission of the redemption request, and expects to remit the redemption price within three (3) business days (but generally no more than five (5) business days) of the effective redemption date. Limited partners may withdraw their redemption request at any time prior to the effective redemption date.
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We cannot guarantee that the funds set aside for the redemption plan will be sufficient to accommodate all requests made in any given time period. In the event our General Partner determines, in its sole discretion, that we do not have sufficient funds available to redeem all of the units for which redemption requests have been submitted during any given month, such pending requests will be honored on a pro-rata basis, if at all. In the event that not all redemptions are being honored in a given month, the redemption requests not fully honored will have the remaining amount of such redemption requests considered on the next month in which redemptions are being honored. Accordingly, all unsatisfied redemption requests will be treated as requests for redemption on the next date on which redemptions are being honored, with redemptions processed pro-rata, if at all. If funds available for the redemption plan are not sufficient to accommodate all redemption requests on such future redemption date, units will be redeemed on a pro-rata basis, if at all.
We intend to limit limited partners to one (1) redemption request outstanding at any given time, meaning that, if a limited partner desires to request more or less units be redeemed, such limited partner must first withdraw the first redemption request, which may affect whether the request is considered in the “Introductory Period” or “Post-Introductory Period”. For investors who hold units with more than one record date, redemption requests will be applied to such units in the order in which they settled, on a last in first out basis – meaning, those units that have been continuously held for the shortest amount of time will be redeemed first. In addition, we intend to limit limited partners to redemption requests of no more than the 20,000 units or $100,000, whichever is less.
We intend to limit redemptions in any calendar month to units whose aggregate value (based on the repurchase price per unit in effect as of the redemption date) is less than or equal to 0.5% of the NAV of all of our outstanding units as of the first day of such calendar month, and intend to limit the amount redeemed in any calendar quarter to units whose aggregate value (based on the repurchase price per unit in effect as of the redemption date) is 1.25% of the NAV of all of our outstanding units as of first day of the last month of such calendar quarter (e.g., March 1, June 1, September 1, or December 1), with excess capacity carried over to later calendar quarters in that calendar year. However, as we intend to make a number of commercial real estate investments of varying terms and maturities, our General Partner may elect to increase or decrease the amount of units available for redemption in any given month, as these commercial real estate assets are paid off or sold, but in no event will we redeem more than 5.00% of the units outstanding during any calendar year. Notwithstanding the foregoing, we are not obligated to redeem units under the redemption plan.
Furthermore, a limited partner requesting redemption will be responsible for reimbursing us for any third-party costs incurred as a result of the redemption request, including but not limited to, bank transaction charges, custody fees, and/or transfer agent charges. We estimate the cost will be approximately $2-$15, depending on the method of refund (e.g., check, ACH or wire).
In addition, our General Partner may, in its sole discretion, amend, suspend, or terminate the redemption plan at any time without prior notice, including to protect our operations and our non-redeemed limited partners, to prevent an undue burden on our liquidity, following any material decrease in our NAV, or for any other reason. Therefore, you may not have the opportunity to make a redemption request prior to any potential termination of our redemption plan. However, in the event that we amend, suspend or terminate our redemption plan, we will file an Offering Circular supplement and/or Form 1-U.
For more information about our redemption plan or to submit a redemption request, please contact us by email.
Reports to Limited Partners
Our Limited Partnership Agreement requires that we use commercially reasonable efforts to cause the company to prepare and deliver, or cause its accountants to prepare and deliver, to limited partners a Schedule K-1 by March 15th in the year following the end of each fiscal year.
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ONGOING REPORTING AND SUPPLEMENTS TO THIS OFFERING CIRCULAR
We will be required to make annual and semi-annual filings with the SEC. We will make annual filings on Form 1-K, which will be due by the end of April each year and will include audited financial statements for the previous fiscal year. We will make semi-annual filings on Form 1-SA, which will be due by September 28 each year, which will include unaudited financial statements for the six months to June 30. We will also file a Form 1-U to announce important events such as the loss of a senior officer, a change in auditors or certain types of capital-raising. We will be required to keep making these reports unless we file a Form 1-Z to exit the reporting system, which we will only be able to do if we have less than 300 shareholders of record and have filed at least one Form 1-K.
At least every 12 months while this offering is open, we will file a post-qualification amendment to the Offering Statement of which this Offering Circular forms a part, to include the company’s recent financial statements.
We may supplement the information in this Offering Circular by filing a Supplement with the SEC.
All these filings will be available on the SEC’s EDGAR filing system. You should read all the available information before investing.
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FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
CALTIER FUND I, LP
UNAUDITED INTERIM FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE
SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2023 AND JUNE 30, 2022
INDEX
STATEMENTS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION
JUNE 30, 2023 AND DECEMBER 31, 2022
June 30, 2023 (Unaudited) |
December 31, 2022 (Audited) |
|||||||
| ASSETS | ||||||||
| Investments, at fair value | $ | 3,463,240 | $ | 2,020,648 | ||||
| Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 64,439 | $ | 177,222 | ||||
| Receivables from escrow | $ | 120,975 | $ | 398,905 | ||||
| Deferred offering costs | $ | 97,182 | $ | 77,838 | ||||
| Total assets | $ | 3,745,836 | $ | 2,674,613 | ||||
| LIABILITIES AND PARTNERS' CAPITAL | ||||||||
| Liabilities | ||||||||
| Accounts payable and accrued liabilities | $ | 56,411 | $ | 30,443 | ||||
| Loan payable | $ | 905,000 | $ | 587,177 | ||||
| Advances from related parties | $ | 499,822 | $ | 401,053 | ||||
| Total liabilities | $ | 1,461,233 | 1,018,673 | |||||
| Contingencies (Notes 1,7 and 8) | ||||||||
| Partners' capital | $ | 2,284,603 | $ | 1,655,940 | ||||
| Total liabilities and partners' capital | $ | 3,745,836 | $ | 2,674,613 | ||||
See Notes to Financial Statements
F-1
STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(UNAUDITED)
FOR THE SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2023 AND JUNE 30, 2022
June 30, 2023 |
June 30, 2022 |
|||||||
| INVESTMENT INCOME | ||||||||
| Investment income | $ | 244,796 | $ | 39,381 | ||||
| Interest income | 72 | 106 | ||||||
| Total investment income | 244,868 | 39,487 | ||||||
| EXPENSES | ||||||||
| Interest | 9,623 | 23,718 | ||||||
| Professional fees and other | 279,331 | 637,870 | ||||||
| Asset Management fee | 30,181 | 9,691 | ||||||
| Acquisition fee | 47,250 | 0 | ||||||
| Disposition fee | 8,690 | 0 | ||||||
| Total expenses | 375,075 | 671,279 | ||||||
| Net investment loss | (130,207) | (631,792) | ||||||
| REALIZED AND UNREALIZED GAIN ON INVESTMENTS | ||||||||
| Net realized gains or loss on investments | 50,241 | 0 | ||||||
| Net change in unrealized appreciation or depreciation on investments | 152,292 | (2,109) | ||||||
| Net gain on investments | 202,533 | (2,109) | ||||||
| NET GAIN OR LOSS | $ | 72,326 | $ | (633,901) | ||||
See Notes to Financial Statements.
In the opinion of management all adjustments necessary in order to make these interim financial statements not misleading have been included.
F-2
STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN PARTNERS’ CAPITAL (DEFICIT)
FOR THE SIX-MONTH PERIODS ENDED JUNE 30, 2023 AND 2022
| GENERAL | LIMITED | |||||||||||
| PARTNER | PARTNERS | TOTAL | ||||||||||
| PARTNERS' CAPITAL (DEFICIT), DECEMBER 31, 2021 | $ | (163,146 | ) | $ | 427,435 | $ | 264,289 | |||||
| Capital contributions | - | $ | 933,243 | $ | 933,243 | |||||||
| Capital distributions | - | $ | (38,882 | ) | $ | (38,882 | ) | |||||
| Net loss | - | $ | (598,490 | ) | $ | (598,490 | ) | |||||
| PARTNERS' CAPITAL (DEFICIT), JUNE 30, 2022 | (163,146 | ) | $ | 723,306 | $ | 560,160 | ||||||
| PARTNERS' CAPITAL (DEFICIT), DECEMBER 31, 2022 | $ | (163,146 | ) | $ | 1,819,086 | $ | 1,655,940 | |||||
| Capital contributions | - | $ | 1,964,958 | $ | 1,964,958 | |||||||
| Capital distributions | - | $ | (158,275 | ) | $ | (158,275 | ) | |||||
| Net loss | - | $ | (132,399 | ) | $ | (132,399 | ) | |||||
| PARTNERS' CAPITAL (DEFICIT), JUNE 30, 2023 | $ | (163,146 | ) | $ | 3,493,370 | $ | 3,330,224 | |||||
See Notes to Financial Statements
F-3
STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(UNAUDITED)
FOR THE SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2023 AND JUNE 30, 2022
June 30, 2023 |
June 30, 2022 |
|||||||
| CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES | ||||||||
| Net loss | $ | (132,399 | ) | $ | (598,490 | ) | ||
| Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities: | ||||||||
| Net change in unrealized appreciation or depreciation on investments | (152,292) | (2,109) | ||||||
| Gain on sale of investments | (50,241) | 0 | ||||||
| Changes in operating assets and liabilities: | ||||||||
| Purchases of investments | (1,016,172) | (200,000) | ||||||
| Receipts from sales of investments | 190,366 | - | ||||||
| Receivables from escrow | (120,975) | 0 | ||||||
| Advances to related parties | 0 | 0 | ||||||
| Accounts payable and accrued liabilities | (56,411) | (61,541) | ||||||
| Advances from related parties | 98,769 | 49,741 | ||||||
| Net cash used in operating activities | (1,024,655) | (812,399) | ||||||
| CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES | ||||||||
| Capital contributions | 1,964,958 | 933,243 | ||||||
| Capital distributions | (158,275) | (38,882) | ||||||
| Borrowings on loan payable | 905,000 | 0 | ||||||
| Paydowns on loan payable | (624,397) | (23,718) | ||||||
| Net cash provided by financing activities | 2,087,286 | 870,643 | ||||||
| Net changes in cash and cash equivalents | 847,931 | 58,244 | ||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period | 177,221 | 91,614 | ||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents, end of period | $ | 1,025,152 | $ | 149,858 | ||||
| SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURE OF CASH FLOW INFORMATION | ||||||||
| Cash paid during the year for interest | $ | 9,623 | $ | 23,718 | ||||
See Notes to Financial Statements
F-4
STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN NET ASSETS
(UNAUDITED)
FOR THE SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2023 AND FOR YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2022
| Total | Member Interests |
|||||||
| NET ASSETS AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2022 - UNAUDITED | $ | 2,020,648 | $ | 2,020,648 | ||||
| DISTRIBUTIONS | $ | (158,275 | ) | $ | (158,275 | ) | ||
| NET INCREASE IN NET ASSETS RESULTING FROM OPERATIONS | $ | 121,238 | $ | 121,238 | ||||
| BALANCE, DECEMBER 31, 2022 | $ | 1,983,611 | $ | 1,983,611 | ||||
| NET ASSETS AS OF JUNE 30, 2023 - UNAUDITED | $ | 2,147,655 | $ | 2,147,655 | ||||
| DISTRIBUTIONS | $ | (146,932 | ) | $ | (146,932 | ) | ||
| NET INCREASE IN NET ASSETS RESULTING FROM OPERATIONS | $ | 64,429 | $ | 64,429 | ||||
| BALANCE, JUNE 30, 2023 | $ | 2,065,152 | $ | 2,065,152 | ||||
See Notes to Financial Statements
F-5
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
NOTE 1 – Nature of Operations
Nature of Operations
CalTier Fund I, LP (the “Partnership” or “we”, “us”, or “our”), was formed on January 23, 2019 and is organized as a Delaware limited partnership formed to invest primarily in multi-family real estate properties in the West, Southwest, and Midwest United States. The Partnership is managed by CalTier, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “General Partner”). The General Partner was formed in 2017 as a California limited liability company to be a fund management and real estate acquisition Partnership focusing on acquiring assets either on its own behalf or with strategic partner(s). The Partnership was formed to raise funds under Regulation A of Title IV of the Jobs Act. In 2022, the General Partner converted into a Delaware corporation.
On November 18, 2019, we commenced an offering pursuant to Tier 2 of Regulation A of the Securities Act of 1933 pursuant to which we sought to raise up to $50,000,000 worth of units representing limited partnership interests in the Partnership. On February 17, 2022, having received subscriptions for a total of 852,544.31 units, for a total of $4,262,721.54 in gross proceeds from this offering, we terminated this offering.
On February 17, 2023, we commenced a new Regulation A offering, in which we are seeking to raise up to $72,000,000 worth of our units. As of the date these financial statements were available to be issued, we have raised $1,384,793 in net proceeds from this offering from the sale of 276,959 units.
We are reliant upon the net proceeds from our current Regulation A offering to continue to make investments in real estate. In addition to those proceeds, we have and intend to obtain the required capital to make investments in real estate through a variety of resources, including using leverage (secured debt or short-term lines of credit) to acquire properties. We intend to keep the Partnership’s overall portfolio leverage ratio at 65% or less. The foregoing targets exclude short-term lines of credit, specifically, the Partnership may obtain lines of credit to provide working capital and to fund acquisitions. No debt is or will be recourse to the limited partners.
The Partnership’s investment period commenced on the date of the initial closing and expires on the earlier of: (i) the date at which the maximum offering amount has been sold, (ii) the date which is one year from this offering being qualified by the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, and (iii) the date at which the offering is terminated by the General Partner. The Partnership shall continue indefinitely unless all investments are sold and distributions made to the Limited Partners or at the sole discretion of the General Partner at any point in time.
NOTE 2 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Basis of Presentation
The financial statements have been prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”). The Partnership is an investment Partnership and follows the accounting and reporting guidance in Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 946, Financial Services – Investment Companies.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Significant estimates and assumptions reflected in the financial statements include, but are not limited to, the fair value of the investments and unrealized gains/loss on those investments. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
Cash and Cash Equivalents and Concentration of Cash Balances
The Partnership considers cash equivalents to be all highly liquid investments with a maturity of three months or less when purchased. The Partnership’s cash and cash equivalents in bank accounts, at times, may exceed federally insured limits. The Partnership has not experienced any losses due to these limits.
F-6
CALTIER FUND I, LP
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
NOTE 2 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Continued)
Investments
Investments are carried at fair value. Costs to acquire investments are capitalized as a component of investment cost. The fair values of real estate and real estate related investments are estimated based on the price that would be received to sell an asset in an orderly transaction between marketplace participants at the measurement date. Investments without a public market are valued based on assumptions made and valuation techniques used by the General Partner. Such valuation techniques include discounted cash flow analysis, prevailing market capitalization rates or earnings multiples applied to earnings from the investment, analysis of recent comparable sales transactions, recent comparable sales transactions, actual sale negotiations and bona fide purchase offers received from third parties, consideration of the amount that currently would be required to replace the asset, as well as independent external appraisals. In general, the General Partner considers multiple valuation techniques when measuring the fair value of an investment. However, in certain circumstances, a single valuation technique may be appropriate.
Purchases and sales of investments are recorded on a transaction basis. Realized gains and losses on investment transactions are determined based upon the specific identification method. The difference between cost and the fair value of investments is reflected as unrealized gains/(losses) on investment. Changes in fair value of the investment from the prior year are included as net unrealized gain on investment in the accompanying statement of operations.
Rental income from investment property is recognized as investment income in the accompanying statement of operations on a straight-line basis over the terms of the lease.
Distributions that represent returns of capital in excess of cumulative profits and losses are credited to investment cost rather than investment income. Any amounts to a lesser extent are reported as investment income in the accompanying statement of operations.
The fair value of investments does not reflect the Partnership’s transaction sale costs, which may be incurred upon disposition of the real estate investments. Such costs are estimated to approximate 2% - 3% of fair value. The Partnership also reflects its equity investments net of investment level financing. Valuation adjustments attributable to underlying financing arrangements are considered in the equity valuation.
The Partnership may invest in real estate and real estate related investments for which no liquid market exists. The market prices for such investments may be volatile and may not be readily ascertainable. In addition, there continues to be significant disruptions in the global capital, credit and real estate markets. These disruptions have led to, among other things, a significant decline in the volume of transaction activity, in the fair value of many real estate and real estate related investments, and a significant contraction in short-term and long-term debt and equity funding sources. This contraction in capital includes sources that the Partnership may depend on to finance certain of its investments. These market developments have had a significant adverse impact on the Partnership’s liquidity position, results of operations and financial condition and may continue to adversely impact the Partnership if market conditions continue to deteriorate. The decline in liquidity and prices of real estate and real estate related investments, as well as the availability of observable transaction data and inputs, may have made it more difficult to determine the fair value of such investments. As a result, amounts ultimately realized by the Partnership from investments sold may differ from the fair values presented, and the differences could be material.
F-7
CALTIER FUND I, LP
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
NOTE 2 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Continued)
Fair Value Measurement
FASB guidance specifies a hierarchy of valuation techniques based on whether the inputs to those valuation techniques are observable or unobservable. Observable inputs reflect market data obtained from independent sources, while unobservable inputs reflect market assumptions. The hierarchy gives the highest priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1 measurement) and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs (Level 3 measurement). The three levels of the fair value hierarchy are as follows:
Level 1 - Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the reporting entity has the ability to access at the measurement date. Level 1 primarily consists of financial instruments whose value is based on quoted market prices such as exchange-traded instruments and listed equities.
Level 2 - Inputs other than quoted prices included within Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly (e.g., quoted prices of similar assets or liabilities in active markets, or quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active).
Level 3 - Unobservable inputs for the asset or liability. Financial instruments are considered Level 3 when their fair values are determined using pricing models, discounted cash flows or similar techniques and at least one significant model assumption or input is unobservable.
The investments in real estate will fall into Level 3 category, therefore, fair-value estimates discussed herein are based upon certain market assumptions and pertinent information available to management as of the reporting date.
Receivables from Escrow
The Partnership uses a third-party escrow company that collects investor contributions. Amounts not remitted to the Partnership at a point in time are reported as receivables from escrow.
Organizational Costs
In accordance with FASB ASC 720, Other Expenses, organizational costs, including accounting fees, legal fees, and costs of incorporation, are expensed as incurred.
Advertising Costs
The Partnership expenses advertising costs as incurred. Advertising costs expensed for the six months ended June 30, 2023 was $136,318 and for the six months ended June 30, 2022 was $285,692.
Risks and Uncertainties
The Partnership has no operating history and has not generated revenue from operations. The Partnership’s business and operations are sensitive to general business and economic conditions in the U.S. and worldwide along with local, state, and federal governmental policy decisions. A host of factors beyond the Partnership’s control could cause fluctuations in these conditions, including but not limited to: its ability to raise sufficient funds from investors to acquire multi-family and commercial real estate, the availability of suitable real estate properties to acquire, and changes to Regulation A. Adverse developments in these general business and economic conditions could have a material adverse effect on the Partnership’s financial conditions and the results of operations.
F-8
CALTIER FUND I, LP
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
NOTE 2 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Continued)
Deferred Offering Costs
The Partnership complies with the requirements of FASB ASC 946-20-25, Financial Services – Investment Companies and FASB ASC 340-10-S99-1 and SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin (SAB) Topic 5A - Expenses of Offering. Deferred offering costs consist principally of accounting and legal fees incurred in connection with a Regulation A offering of the Partnership. Deferred offerings costs of $97,182 are capitalized to the Statement of Financial Condition as of June 30, 2023.
Income Taxes
The Partnership is a limited liability partnership. Accordingly, under the Internal Revenue Code, all taxable income or loss flows through to its partners. Therefore, no provision for income tax has been recorded in the statements. Income from the Partnership is reported and taxed to the Partners on their individual tax returns.
The Partnership complies with FASB ASC 740, Income Taxes, (“FASB ASC 740”) for accounting for uncertainty in income taxes recognized in an enterprise’s financial statements, which prescribes a recognition threshold and measurement process for financial statement recognition and measurement of a tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. For those benefits to be recognized, a tax position must be more-likely-than-not to be sustained upon examination by taxing authorities. FASB ASC 740 also provides guidance on derecognition, classification, interest and penalties, accounting in interim periods, disclosure and transition. Based on the Partnership’s evaluation, it has been concluded that there are no significant uncertain tax positions requiring recognition in the Partnership’s financial statements. The Partnership believes that its income tax positions would be sustained on audit and does not anticipate any adjustments that would result in a material change to its financial position.
The Partnership may in the future become subject to federal, state and local income taxation though it has not been since its inception. The Partnership is not presently subject to any income tax audit in any taxing jurisdiction. All years are open for tax examinations.
Subsequent Events
The Partnership evaluated all significant events or transactions that occurred after June 30, 2023 through September 28th, 2023 the date these financial statements were available to be issued.
NOTE 3 – Management Fees and Other Transactions with Affiliates
Reimbursement of Organization and Offering Expenses
The Partnership’s General Partner and its affiliates are reimbursed for actual organizational and offering expenses incurred. Organization and offering expenses consist of the actual legal, accounting, printing, marketing, advertising, filing fees, any transfer agent costs and other accountable offering-related expenses which were incurred prior to the inception of the Partnership.
Deferred offering costs of $97,182 along with other general expenses were incurred by a related party on the Partnership’s behalf and are shown as advances from related parties on the Statement of Financial Condition and amounted to $77,838 at December 31, 2022, and $97,182 as of June 30, 2023 This related party advance is unsecured, interest-free, and repayable on demand.
F-9
CALTIER FUND I, LP
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
NOTE 3 – Management Fees and Other Transactions with Affiliates (Continued)
Advances to Related Parties
The Limited Partnership Agreement describes the terms under which the General Partner will manage the Partnership. The Partnership is subject to the following fees under this agreement:
Asset Management Fee
The Partnership pays the General Partner an asset management fee equal to an annualized rate of 3.0%, which will be based on the net offering proceeds as of the end of each quarter, and thereafter will be based on Partnership’s Net Asset Value (“NAV”) at the end of each prior quarter. This fee will be payable quarterly. During the 6 month period ending June 30, 2023 and June 30, 2022, the Partnership incurred $30,181 and $9,691 in asset management fees, respectively.
Asset Acquisition Fee
For each real estate investment, the Partnership will pay its General Partner or its designated affiliate 1.0%-2.5% of the investment’s purchase price. This fee will be paid at the discretion of the General Partner, but no later than the liquidation of the real estate investment. During the 6 month period ending June 30, 2023 and June 30, 2022, the Partnership incurred $47,250 and $0 in asset acquisition fees, respectively.
Construction Management Fee
For each real estate investment, for which the Partnership may require to construct or renovate, the Partnership shall pay its General Partner or its designated affiliate 5.0%-7.5% of the construction or renovation budget. This fee shall be paid at the completion of the construction or renovation is substantially complete. During the 6 month period ending June 30, 2023 and June 30, 2022, the Partnership did not incur any construction management fees.
Disposition Fee
For each real estate investment, the Partnership will pay its General Partner or its designated affiliate 0.5%-1.0% of the investment’s sale price. This fee will be paid at the disposition of the investment’s real estate. During the 6 month period ending June 30, 2023 and June 30, 2022, the Partnership incurred $8,690 and $0 in disposition fees, respectively.
Property Management Fee
The General Partner may cause the Partnership to engage a third party to provide property management services with respect to properties acquired by the Partnership, or may elect to provide such services itself (or through an affiliate of the General Partner). In the event that the General Partner (or an affiliate thereof) provides any such property management services, the Partnership shall pay the General Partner or its applicable affiliate 2.5%-4.0% of gross collected income from a property. During the 6 month period ending June 30, 2023 and June 30, 2022, the Partnership incurred $0 and $0 in property management fees, respectively.
F-10
CALTIER FUND I, LP
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
NOTE 4 – Investments and Fair Value
When available, the Partnership utilizes quoted market prices from independent third-party sources to determine fair value. In instances where the market for a financial instrument is not active, regardless of the availability of a nonbinding quoted market price, observable inputs might not be relevant and could require the Partnership to make a significant adjustment to derive a fair value measurement. Additionally, in an inactive market, a market price quoted from an independent third party may rely more on models with inputs based on information available only to that independent third party. When the Partnership determines the market for a financial instrument owned by the Partnership be illiquid or when market transactions for similar instruments do not appear orderly, the Partnership uses several valuation sources (including internal valuations, discounted cash flow analysis and quoted market prices) and establishes a fair value by assigning weights to the various valuation sources.
The Partnership internally valued certain investments based on overall changes in market conditions and comparable sales data within each of the markets the investment was made due to the relative short term the investment is intended to be held. Other investments were valued at cost as they were purchased within a few months before year end. Changes in assumptions or estimation methodologies can have a material effect on these estimated fair values. In this regard, the derived fair value estimates cannot be substantiated by comparison to independent markets and, in many cases, may not be realized in an immediate settlement of the instrument.
Apple Lane Investors, LLC
In July 2021, the Partnership invested $25,000 in Apple Lane Investors, LLC, which owns 41,916 square feet of multifamily residential building in Lawrence, Kansas. The Partnership’s ownership percentage of Apple Lane Investors, LLC was 1.78%. Management has determined the fair value of the Partnership’s investment to be $45,589 and $28,530 as of June 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively. The unrealized gain on the fair value of the investment amounted to $8,870 and $628 for the 6 month period ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively.
CC 506 South, LLC
In December 2021, the Partnership invested $25,930 in CC 506 South, LLC, which owns 155,652 square feet of multifamily residential building in Webster, Texas. The Partnership’s ownership percentage of CC 506 South, LLC was 0.46%. Management has determined the fair value of the Partnership’s investment to be $27,145 and $26,139 as of June 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively. The unrealized gain (loss) on the fair value of the investment amounted to ($14,436) and $209 for the 6 month period ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively.
RS Glenwood Investors, LLC
In March 2021, the Partnership invested $10,000 in RS Glenwood Investors, LLC, which owns 112,672 square feet of multifamily residential building in Provo, Utah. The Partnership’s ownership percentage of RS Glenwood Investors, LLC was 0.17%. Management has determined the fair value of the Partnership’s investment to be $31,009 and $10,594 as of June 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively. The unrealized gain on the fair value of the investment amounted to $17,874 and $58 for the 6 month period ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively.
CC Lakewood Apts, LLC
In March 2021, the Partnership invested $25,000 in CC Lakewood Apts, LLC, which owns 57,600 square feet of multifamily residential building in Texas City, Texas. The Partnership’s ownership percentage of CC Lakewood Apts, LLC was 1.46%. Management has determined the fair value of the Partnership’s investment to be $40,635 and $33,242 as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. The unrealized gain on the fair value of the investment amounted to $15,463) and $329 for the 6 month period ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively.
F-11
CALTIER FUND I, LP
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
NOTE 4 – Investments and Fair Value (Continued)
RS Raintree Investors, LLC
In May 2021, the Partnership invested $15,000 in RS Raintree Investors, LLC, which owns 94,827 square feet of multifamily residential building in Provo, Utah. The Partnership’s ownership percentage of RS Raintree Investors, LLC was 0.11%. Management has determined the fair value of the Partnership’s investment to be $18,844 and $11,507 as of June 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively. The unrealized gain (loss) on the fair value of the investment amounted to $9,246and ($3,667) for the 6 month period ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively.
Sabine Venture Partners, LLP
In September 2022, the Partnership invested $50,000 in Sabine Venture Partners, LLP, which owns 224,357 square feet of multifamily residential building in Huston, Texas. The Partnership’s ownership percentage of Sabine Venture Partners, LLP was 0.08%. Management has determined the fair value of the Partnership’s investment to be $50,000 as of June 30, 2023.
Apex Fort Worth Partners, LLC
In May 2022, the Partnership invested $100,000 in Apex Fort Worth Partners, LLC, which owns 134,800 square feet of multifamily residential building in Fort Worth, Texas. The Partnership’s ownership percentage of Apex Fort Worth Partners, LLC was 2.0%. Management has determined the fair value of the Partnership’s investment to be $117,609 as of June 30, 2023. The unrealized gain (loss) on the fair value of the investment amounted to (47,134) for the 6 month period ended June 30, 2023.
Pinpoint RVA Investors, LLC
In August 2022, the Partnership invested $200,000 in Pinpoint RVA Investors, LLC, which owns 168,395 square feet of 4 multifamily residential buildings in Richmond, Virginia. The 4 multifamily buildings consist of Broadway Apartments, District Square Apartments, Grace & Monroe Apartments, and Marshall Park Townhomes. The Partnership’s ownership percentage of Pinpoint RVA Investors, LLC was 1.1%. Management has determined the fair value of the Partnership’s investment to be $214,409 as of June 30, 2023. The unrealized gain on the fair value of the investment amounted to $14,409 for the 6 month period ended June 30, 2023.
Sundance Bay Income and Growth Fund, LP
In October 2022, the Partnership invested $100,000 in Sundance Bay Income and Growth Fund, LP, which is a fund that acquires, renovates and manages a portfolio of multifamily assets. Management has determined the fair value of the Partnership’s investment to be $108,000 as of June 30, 2023. The unrealized gain on the fair value of the investment amounted to $8,000 for the 6 month period ended June 30, 2023.
Reflections at Lakeshore
In June 2022, the Partnership acquired a vacant waterfront lot of approximately 1.2 acres in Lake Elsinore Diego, California for $528,286. The Partnership owns 100% of this investment. Management has determined the fair value of the Partnership’s investment to be $675,000 as of June 30, 2023. The unrealized gain on the fair value of the investment amounted to $140,000 for the 6 month period ended June 30, 2023.
F-12
RBG Hickory Fund XIX LLC
In February 2023, the Partnership acquired an ownership interest in RBG Hickory Fund XIX LLC, a limited liability company, which owns Hickory Point, a 175-unit apartment complex located in Newport News, Virginia. The Partnership’s ownership percentage is 3.125% in RBG Hickory Fund XIX LLC. Management has determined the fair value of the Partnership’s investment to be $200,000 as of June 30, 2023.
LB Heights, LLC
In February 2023, the Partnership acquired an ownership interest in LB Heights, LLC, a limited liability company, a special purpose entity that is the general partner of 3815 Eastside, LP, a limited partnership, which owns Avenue Grove, a 270-unit apartment complex located in Houston, Texas. The Partnership’s ownership percentage is 40% in LB Heights, LLC. Management has determined the fair value of the Partnership’s investment to be $200,000 as of June 30, 2023.
154 N. Topeka Holding Company, LLC
In June 2023, the Partnership acquired 154 N. Topeka through a special purpose entity 154 N. Topeka Holding Company, LLC, a Kansas limited liability company of which the Partnership is the sole member. 154 N Topeka is a mixed-use property consisting of 3 commercial units and 14 newly renovated residential units. The Partnership owns 100% of this investment. The purchase price for 154 N. Topeka was $1,700,000.
F-13
CALTIER FUND I, LP
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
NOTE 4 – Investments and Fair Value (Continued)
325 7th Avenue Condominium
In November 2021, the Partnership acquired a 1,129 square foot residential condominium in San Diego, California for $816,100. The Partnership invested $286,100 in cash in this condominium and borrowed an additional $530,000 (see Note 5). The Partnership owned 100% of this investment. The Partnership sold this property on May 24, 2023 for a sale price of $869,000.
The following table sets forth by level, within the fair value hierarchy, the Partnership’s investments, measured on a non-recurring basis, at fair value:
| Fair Value Measurements as of June 30, 2023 Utilizing: | ||||||||||||||||
| Quoted | Significant Other | Significant | ||||||||||||||
| Market Price | Observable | Unobservable | ||||||||||||||
| Inputs | Inputs | Inputs | Total | |||||||||||||
| (Level 1) | (Level 2) | (Level 3) | Fair Value | |||||||||||||
| Investments: | ||||||||||||||||
| Equity investments | $ | - | $ | - | $ | 1,053,240 | $ | 1,053,240 | ||||||||
| Real estate investments | - | - | 2,410,000 | 2,410,000 | ||||||||||||
| Total | $ | - | $ | - | $ | 3,463,240 | $ | 3,463,240 | ||||||||
| Fair Value Measurements as of June 30, 2022, Utilizing: | ||||||||||||||||
| Quoted | Significant Other | Significant | ||||||||||||||
| Market Price | Observable | Unobservable | ||||||||||||||
| Inputs | Inputs | Inputs | Total | |||||||||||||
| (Level 1) | (Level 2) | (Level 3) | Fair Value | |||||||||||||
| Investments: | ||||||||||||||||
| Equity investments | $ | - | $ | - | $ | 437,401 | $ | 437,401 | ||||||||
| Real estate investments | - | - | 816,100 | 816,100 | ||||||||||||
| Total | $ | - | $ | - | $ | 1,253,501 | $ | 1,253,501 | ||||||||
Changes in level 3 investments are as follows for the 6 month period ended June 30, 2023 and 2022:
| June 30, 2023 | June 30, 2022 | |||||||
| Balance, beginning of period | $ | 2,020,648 | $ | 953,501 | ||||
| Total realized and unrealized gains or loss | 152,292 | (2,110) | ||||||
| Purchases | 1,700,000 | 300,000 | ||||||
| Sales and return of capital | (869,000 | ) | 0 | |||||
| Balance, end of period | $ | 3,002,940 | $ | 1,251,391 | ||||
F-14
CALTIER FUND I, LP
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
NOTE 5 – Loan Payable
The Partnership, through a wholly owned subsidiary, entered into a Loan Agreement, Promissory Note, Mortgage and various agreements, including an environmental indemnity agreement, with Yieldi, LLC (“Yieldi”) on June 29, 2023. Under the terms of the agreement, the Partnership received a $905,000 loan from Yieldi, $855,000 was paid in the initial payment and $50,000 was held back pursuant to a repair holdback and security agreement. The loan has an interest rate of 13.5% and accrued interest only is due on each monthly payment due date beginning on August 1, 2023, the principal of the loan is due upon maturity. Upon the occurrence of default, the interest rate will increase to 45.00% to annum. The Partnership may extend the loan for an additional 12 months (July 1, 2025), for a fee of 3% of the outstanding principal. The loan was still outstanding as of June 30, 2023.
NOTE 6 – Partners’ Capital (Deficit)
Limited Partners have no rights, power, or authority to act for or bind the Partnership. No Limited Partner shall take any part in the conduct or control of the Partnership’s business and each Limited Partner shall only have the right to vote upon Partnership matters for election of successor General Partner, dissolution of the Partnership, other matters, consents, and approvals. The General Partner is authorized to cause the Partnership to pay all expenses relating to the formation and organization of the Partnership. Each Limited Partner’s interest in the Partnership is represented by units of interest (“units”) that entitles the holder to all of the rights and interest of the holder under the agreement, including, without limitation, the right to share in the net profits, net losses, cash flow, distributions, and capital of the Partnership.
On February 17, 2023, we commenced a new Regulation A offering, in which we are seeking to raise up to $72,000,000 worth of our units. As of the date these financials were available to be issued, we have raised $1,384,793 in net proceeds from this offering from the sale of 276,959 units. For the six month period ending June 30, 2023 and six month period ended June 30, 2022 the Partnership made distributions of $146,932 and $38,882 respectively.
Allocations of Profits and Losses
Net profits and net losses shall be determined separately for each investment in such manner as is determined in the sole and absolute discretion of the General Partner. Any net profits or net losses that are not directly attributable to any investment shall be allocated among any or all of the investments in such manner as is determined in the sole and absolute discretion of the General Partner.
Specific allocation of net losses and net profits will be allocated to the Partners in accordance with the provisions as described in the Agreement of Limited Partnership.
Distributions
For the six month period ending June 30, 2023 and six month period ended June 30, 2022 the Partnership made distributions of $146,932 and $38,882 respectively. As of June 30, 2023, and December 31, 2022, we had paid $307,226 and $160,294, respectively, in distributions to our investors. As our Partnership’s assets grow, we intend to continue making distributions to our investors.
In addition to funds being allocated to expenses and making distributions to investors, certain funds, including during our offering stage will be distributed to our General Partner to offset certain organization and offering related fees.
Redemptions
A Limited Partner may request limited quarterly withdrawals from the Partnership by offering a discounted redemption price prior to holding the investment for two (2) years. Pursuant to this limited redemption, a Limited Partner may only have one outstanding redemption request at any given time and request redemptions up to the lessor of 10,000 units or $50,000. The discounted redemption will range between 1.0% and 3.0% based on the holding period of the investment and partially at the discretion of the General Partner based on the liquidity of the Partnership and operating cash flow needs.
F-15
CALTIER FUND I, LP
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
NOTE 7 – Indemnifications
In the normal course of business, the Partnership enters into contracts that contain a variety of representations and warranties that provide indemnification under certain circumstances. The Partnership's maximum exposure under these arrangements is unknown, as this would involve future claims that may be made against the Partnership that have not yet occurred. The Partnership expects the risk of any future obligation under these indemnifications to be remote.
NOTE 8 – Financial Risks and Uncertainties
Liquidity Risk
Liquidity risk is the risk that the Partnership will not be able to raise funds to fulfill its commitments including inability to sell investments quickly or close to fair value.
Market Risk
Market risk is the potential loss that can be caused by increasing or decreasing in the fair value of investments resulting from market fluctuations.
Credit Risk
Credit risk represents the potential loss that would occur if counter parties fail to perform pursuant to the terms of their obligations.
NOTE 9 – Financial Highlights
Pursuant to the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants' Audit and Accounting Guide - Audits of Investment Companies, certain non-registered, non-unitized investment companies are required to disclose certain ratios related to net investment income, expenses, and internal rate of return (“IRR”).
The below ratios are calculated for all Partners taken as a whole and are presented based on the 6 month period ending June 30,2023 and on an annualized basis for the period ending December 31, 2022. The IRR was computed from inception of the Partnership based on the actual dates of the cash inflows and outflows, as applicable, and the residual value of the Partners’ capital account, net of all incentive allocations, as of each measurement date. An individual Partner’s ratios and internal rate of return may vary based on different management fee and incentive arrangements (as applicable) and the timing of capital transactions.
| June 30, 2023 |
December 31, 2022 |
|||||||
| Net investment income ratio | 4.35 | % | 9 | % | ||||
| Expense ratio | 190 | % | 190 | % | ||||
| IRR | (178 | %) | (168 | %) | ||||
F-16
CALTIER FUND I, LP
INDEX TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
DECEMBER 31, 2022 AND 2021
| F-17 |
To the Board of Directors and Partners
of CalTier Fund I, LP
Opinion
We have audited the accompanying financial statements of CalTier Fund I, LP, a Delaware limited partnership, which comprise the statements of financial condition, including the schedule of investments, as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, and the related statements of operations, changes in partners’ capital (deficit), and cash flows for the years then ended, and the related notes to the financial statements.
In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of CalTier Fund I, LP as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for the years then ended in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.
Basis for Opinion
We conducted our audits in accordance with auditing standards generally accepted in the United States of America. Our responsibilities under those standards are further described in the Auditor’s Responsibilities for the Audit of the Financial Statements section of our report. We are required to be independent of CalTier Fund I, LP and to meet our other ethical responsibilities in accordance with the relevant ethical requirements relating to our audits. We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our audit opinion.
Responsibilities of Management for the Financial Statements
Management is responsible for the preparation and fair presentation of the financial statements in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America, and for the design, implementation, and maintenance of internal control relevant to the preparation and fair presentation of financial statements that are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error.
In preparing the financial statements, management is required to evaluate whether there are conditions or events, considered in the aggregate, that raise substantial doubt about CalTier Fund I, LP’s ability to continue as a going concern within one year after the date that the financial statements are available to be issued.
Auditor’s Responsibilities for the Audit of the Financial Statements
Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements as a whole are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and to issue an auditor’s report that includes our opinion. Reasonable assurance is a high level of assurance but is not absolute assurance and therefore is not a guarantee that an audit conducted in accordance with generally accepted auditing standards will always detect a material misstatement when it exists. The risk of not detecting a material misstatement resulting from fraud is higher than for one resulting from error, as fraud may involve collusion, forgery, intentional omissions, misrepresentations, or the override of internal control. Misstatements are considered material if there is a substantial likelihood that, individually or in the aggregate, they would influence the judgment made by a reasonable user based on the financial statements.
In performing an audit in accordance with generally accepted auditing standards, we:
| · | Exercise professional judgment and maintain professional skepticism throughout the audit. |
| · | Identify and assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to fraud or error, and design and perform audit procedures responsive to those risks. Such procedures include examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. |
| · | Obtain an understanding of internal control relevant to the audit in order to design audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of CalTier Fund I, LP’s internal control. Accordingly, no such opinion is expressed. |
| · | Evaluate the appropriateness of accounting policies used and the reasonableness of significant accounting estimates made by management, as well as evaluate the overall presentation of the financial statements. |
| · | Conclude whether, in our judgment, there are conditions or events, considered in the aggregate, that raise substantial doubt about CalTier Fund I, LP’s ability to continue as a going concern for a reasonable period of time. |
We are required to communicate with those charged with governance regarding, among other matters, the planned scope and timing of the audit, significant audit findings, and certain internal control related matters that we identified during the audit.
| /s/ PKF San Diego, LLP | |
| San Diego, California | PKF San Diego, LLP |
| May 12, 2023 |
| F-18 |
STATEMENTS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION
DECEMBER 31, 2022 AND 2021
| 2022 | 2021 | |||||||
| ASSETS | ||||||||
| Investments, at fair value (cost $1,895,316 and $942,030) | $ | 2,020,648 | $ | 953,501 | ||||
| Cash and cash equivalents | 177,222 | 91,614 | ||||||
| Receivables from escrow | 398,905 | - | ||||||
| Deferred offering costs | 77,838 | 77,838 | ||||||
| Total assets | $ | 2,674,613 | $ | 1,122,953 | ||||
| LIABILITIES AND PARTNERS' CAPITAL | ||||||||
| Liabilities | ||||||||
| Accounts payable and accrued liabilities | $ | 30,443 | $ | 34,332 | ||||
| Loan payable | 587,177 | 530,000 | ||||||
| Advances from related parties | 401,053 | 294,332 | ||||||
| Total liabilities | 1,018,673 | 858,664 | ||||||
| Contingencies (Notes 1, 7 and 8) | ||||||||
| Partners' capital | 1,655,940 | 264,289 | ||||||
| Total liabilities and partners' capital | $ | 2,674,613 | $ | 1,122,953 | ||||
See Notes to Financial Statements
| F-19 |
SCHEDULE OF INVESTMENTS
DECEMBER 31, 2022 AND 2021
| Percentage | ||||||||||||
| of Partners' | ||||||||||||
| Cost | Fair Value | Equity | ||||||||||
| December 31, 2022 | ||||||||||||
| Investments: | ||||||||||||
| Equity: | ||||||||||||
| Apple Lane Investors, LLC | $ | 25,000 | $ | 36,719 | 2.22 | % | ||||||
| CC 506 South, LLC | 25,930 | 41,581 | 2.51 | % | ||||||||
| RS Glenwood Investors, LLC | 10,000 | 13,135 | 0.79 | % | ||||||||
| CC Lakewood Apts, LLC | 25,000 | 25,172 | 1.52 | % | ||||||||
| RS Raintree Investors, LLC | 15,000 | 9,598 | 0.58 | % | ||||||||
| Sabine Venture Partners, LLP | 50,000 | 50,000 | 3.02 | % | ||||||||
| Apex Forth Worth Partners, LLC | 100,000 | 164,743 | 9.95 | % | ||||||||
| Pinpoint RVA Investors, LLC | 200,000 | 200,000 | 12.08 | % | ||||||||
| Sundance Bay Income and Growth Fund, LP | 100,000 | 100,000 | 6.04 | % | ||||||||
| Total equity | 550,930 | 640,948 | 38.71 | % | ||||||||
| Real Estate: | ||||||||||||
| Lake Elsinore - Real Estate | 528,286 | 535,000 | 32.31 | % | ||||||||
| 325 7th Avenue - Condominium | 816,100 | 844,700 | 51.01 | % | ||||||||
| Total real estate | 1,344,386 | 1,379,700 | 83.32 | % | ||||||||
| Total investments | $ | 1,895,316 | $ | 2,020,648 | 122.02 | % | ||||||
| December 31, 2021 | ||||||||||||
| Investments: | ||||||||||||
| Equity: | ||||||||||||
| Apple Lane Investors, LLC | $ | 25,000 | $ | 27,847 | 10.54 | % | ||||||
| CC 506 South, LLC | 25,930 | 25,930 | 9.81 | % | ||||||||
| RS Glenwood Investors, LLC | 10,000 | 10,536 | 3.99 | % | ||||||||
| CC Lakewood Apts, LLC | 25,000 | 32,914 | 12.45 | % | ||||||||
| RS Raintree Investors, LLC | 15,000 | 15,174 | 5.74 | % | ||||||||
| LPRE Vue, LLC | 25,000 | 25,000 | 9.46 | % | ||||||||
| Total equity | 125,930 | 137,401 | 51.99 | % | ||||||||
| Real Estate: | ||||||||||||
| 325 7th Avenue - Condominium | 816,100 | 816,100 | 308.79 | % | ||||||||
| Total investments | $ | 942,030 | $ | 953,501 | 360.78 | % | ||||||
All investments are in the real estate industry and are located in the United States.
See Notes to Financial Statements
| F-20 |
STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2022 AND 2021
| 2022 | 2021 | |||||||
| INVESTMENT INCOME | ||||||||
| Investment income | $ | 84,741 | $ | - | ||||
| Interest income | 152 | 106 | ||||||
| Total investment income | 84,893 | 106 | ||||||
| EXPENSES | ||||||||
| Interest | 52,019 | 3,953 | ||||||
| Professional fees and other | 1,645,825 | 413,123 | ||||||
| Management fee | 63,336 | 16,072 | ||||||
| Total expenses | 1,761,180 | 433,148 | ||||||
| Net investment loss | (1,676,287 | ) | (433,042 | ) | ||||
| REALIZED AND UNREALIZED GAIN ON INVESTMENTS | ||||||||
| Net realized gains or loss on investments | 5,180 | 3,269 | ||||||
| Net change in unrealized appreciation or depreciation on investments | 113,861 | 13,774 | ||||||
| Net gain on investments | 119,041 | 17,043 | ||||||
| NET LOSS | $ | (1,557,246 | ) | $ | (415,999 | ) | ||
See Notes to Financial Statements
| F-21 |
STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN PARTNERS’ CAPITAL (DEFICIT)
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2022 AND 2021
| GENERAL | LIMITED | |||||||||||
| PARTNER | PARTNERS | TOTAL | ||||||||||
| PARTNERS' CAPITAL (DEFICIT), DECEMBER 31, 2020 | $ | (163,146 | ) | $ | 109,950 | $ | (53,196 | ) | ||||
| Capital contributions | - | 733,484 | 733,484 | |||||||||
| Net loss | - | (415,999 | ) | (415,999 | ) | |||||||
| PARTNERS' CAPITAL (DEFICIT), DECEMBER 31, 2021 | (163,146 | ) | 427,435 | 264,289 | ||||||||
| Capital contributions | - | 3,288,390 | 3,288,390 | |||||||||
| Capital distributions | - | (339,493 | ) | (339,493 | ) | |||||||
| Net loss | - | (1,557,246 | ) | (1,557,246 | ) | |||||||
| PARTNERS' CAPITAL (DEFICIT), DECEMBER 31, 2022 | $ | (163,146 | ) | $ | 1,819,086 | $ | 1,655,940 | |||||
See Notes to Financial Statements
| F-22 |
STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2022 AND 2021
| 2022 | 2021 | |||||||
| CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES | ||||||||
| Net loss | $ | (1,557,246 | ) | $ | (415,999 | ) | ||
| Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities: | ||||||||
| Net change in unrealized appreciation or depreciation on investments | (113,861 | ) | (13,774 | ) | ||||
| Gain on sale of investments | (5,180 | ) | (3,269 | ) | ||||
| Changes in operating assets and liabilities: | ||||||||
| Purchases of investments | (978,286 | ) | (939,861 | ) | ||||
| Receipts from sales of investments | 30,180 | 3,403 | ||||||
| Receivables from escrow | (398,905 | ) | - | |||||
| Advances to related parties | - | 20,000 | ||||||
| Accounts payable and accrued liabilities | (3,889 | ) | 21,975 | |||||
| Advances from related parties | 106,721 | 84,358 | ||||||
| Net cash used in operating activities | (2,920,466 | ) | (1,243,167 | ) | ||||
| CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES | ||||||||
| Capital contributions | 3,288,390 | 733,484 | ||||||
| Capital distributions | (339,493 | ) | - | |||||
| Borrowings on loan payable | 600,000 | 530,000 | ||||||
| Paydowns on loan payable | (542,823 | ) | - | |||||
| Net cash provided by financing activities | 3,006,074 | 1,263,484 | ||||||
| Net changes in cash and cash equivalents | 85,608 | 20,317 | ||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of year | 91,614 | 71,297 | ||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents, end of year | $ | 177,222 | $ | 91,614 | ||||
| SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURE OF CASH FLOW INFORMATION | ||||||||
| Cash paid during the year for interest | $ | 52,019 | $ | 3,953 | ||||
See Notes to Financial Statements
| F-23 |
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
NOTE 1 – Nature of Operations
Nature of Operations
CalTier Fund I, LP (the “Partnership”), was formed on January 23, 2019 and is organized as a Delaware limited partnership formed to invest primarily in multi-family real estate properties in the West, Southwest, and Midwest United States. The Partnership is managed by CalTier, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “General Partner”). The General Partner was formed in 2017 as a California limited liability company to be a fund management and real estate acquisition Partnership focusing on acquiring assets either on its own behalf or with strategic partner(s). The Partnership was formed to raise funds under Regulation A of Title IV of the Jobs Act. In 2022, the General Partner converted into a Delaware corporation. The Partnership intends to raise up to $70 million from a wide range of individual and institutional investors, with a primary focus on individual non-accredited investors, to acquire multi-family and commercial real estate. Each Limited Partner’s liability is limited to the Partner’s capital contribution.
In 2021, the Partnership began purchasing investments in other real estate investments to provide some return to current investors as it continues its capital raising efforts. The Partnership has commenced its planned principal operations, it will incur significant additional expenses. The Partnership is dependent upon additional capital resources for the commencement of its planned principal operations and is subject to significant risks and uncertainties; including failing to secure funding to operationalize the Partnership’s planned operations or failing to profitably operate the business.
The Partnership’s investment period will commence on the date of the initial closing and expires on the earlier of: (i) the date at which the maximum offering amount has been sold, (ii) the date which is one year from this offering being qualified by the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, and (iii) the date at which the offering is terminated by the General Partner. The Partnership shall continue indefinitely unless all investments are sold and distributions made to the Limited Partners or at the sole discretion of the General Partner at any point in time.
NOTE 2 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Basis of Presentation
The financial statements have been prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”). The Partnership is an investment Partnership and follows the accounting and reporting guidance in Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 946, Financial Services – Investment Companies.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Significant estimates and assumptions reflected in the financial statements include, but are not limited to, the fair value of the investments and unrealized gains/loss on those investments. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
Cash and Cash Equivalents and Concentration of Cash Balances
The Partnership considers cash equivalents to be all highly liquid investments with a maturity of three months or less when purchased. The Partnership’s cash and cash equivalents in bank accounts, at times, may exceed federally insured limits. The Partnership has not experienced any losses due to these limits.
| F-24 |
CALTIER FUND I, LP
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
NOTE 2 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Continued)
Investments
Investments are carried at fair value. Costs to acquire investments are capitalized as a component of investment cost. The fair values of real estate and real estate related investments are estimated based on the price that would be received to sell an asset in an orderly transaction between marketplace participants at the measurement date. Investments without a public market are valued based on assumptions made and valuation techniques used by the General Partner. Such valuation techniques include discounted cash flow analysis, prevailing market capitalization rates or earnings multiples applied to earnings from the investment, analysis of recent comparable sales transactions, recent comparable sales transactions, actual sale negotiations and bona fide purchase offers received from third parties, consideration of the amount that currently would be required to replace the asset, as well as independent external appraisals. In general, the General Partner considers multiple valuation techniques when measuring the fair value of an investment. However, in certain circumstances, a single valuation technique may be appropriate.
Purchases and sales of investments are recorded on a transaction basis. Realized gains and losses on investment transactions are determined based upon the specific identification method. The difference between cost and the fair value of investments is reflected as unrealized gains/(losses) on investment. Changes in fair value of the investment from the prior year are included as net unrealized gain on investment in the accompanying statement of operations.
Rental income from investment property is recognized as investment income in the accompanying statement of operations on a straight-line basis over the terms of the lease.
Distributions that represent returns of capital in excess of cumulative profits and losses are credited to investment cost rather than investment income. Any amounts to a lesser extent are reported as investment income in the accompanying statement of operations.
The fair value of investments does not reflect the Partnership’s transaction sale costs, which may be incurred upon disposition of the real estate investments. Such costs are estimated to approximate 2% - 3% of fair value. The Partnership also reflects its equity investments net of investment level financing. Valuation adjustments attributable to underlying financing arrangements are considered in the equity valuation.
The Partnership may invest in real estate and real estate related investments for which no liquid market exists. The market prices for such investments may be volatile and may not be readily ascertainable. In addition, there continues to be significant disruptions in the global capital, credit and real estate markets. These disruptions have led to, among other things, a significant decline in the volume of transaction activity, in the fair value of many real estate and real estate related investments, and a significant contraction in short-term and long-term debt and equity funding sources. This contraction in capital includes sources that the Partnership may depend on to finance certain of its investments. These market developments have had a significant adverse impact on the Partnership’s liquidity position, results of operations and financial condition and may continue to adversely impact the Partnership if market conditions continue to deteriorate. The decline in liquidity and prices of real estate and real estate related investments, as well as the availability of observable transaction data and inputs, may have made it more difficult to determine the fair value of such investments. As a result, amounts ultimately realized by the Partnership from investments sold may differ from the fair values presented, and the differences could be material.
| F-25 |
CALTIER FUND I, LP
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
NOTE 2 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Continued)
Fair Value Measurement
FASB guidance specifies a hierarchy of valuation techniques based on whether the inputs to those valuation techniques are observable or unobservable. Observable inputs reflect market data obtained from independent sources, while unobservable inputs reflect market assumptions. The hierarchy gives the highest priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1 measurement) and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs (Level 3 measurement). The three levels of the fair value hierarchy are as follows:
Level 1 - Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the reporting entity has the ability to access at the measurement date. Level 1 primarily consists of financial instruments whose value is based on quoted market prices such as exchange-traded instruments and listed equities.
Level 2 - Inputs other than quoted prices included within Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly (e.g., quoted prices of similar assets or liabilities in active markets, or quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active).
Level 3 - Unobservable inputs for the asset or liability. Financial instruments are considered Level 3 when their fair values are determined using pricing models, discounted cash flows or similar techniques and at least one significant model assumption or input is unobservable.
The investments in real estate will fall into Level 3 category, therefore, fair-value estimates discussed herein are based upon certain market assumptions and pertinent information available to management as of the reporting date.
Receivables from Escrow
The Partnership uses a third-party escrow company that collects investor contributions. Amounts not remitted to the Partnership at a point in time are reported as receivables from escrow.
Organizational Costs
In accordance with FASB ASC 720, Other Expenses, organizational costs, including accounting fees, legal fees, and costs of incorporation, are expensed as incurred.
Advertising Costs
The Partnership expenses advertising costs as incurred. Advertising costs expensed during the year ended December 31, 2022 and 2021 were $1,369,624 and $226,987, respectively.
Risks and Uncertainties
The Partnership has no operating history and has not generated revenue from operations. The Partnership’s business and operations are sensitive to general business and economic conditions in the U.S. and worldwide along with local, state, and federal governmental policy decisions. A host of factors beyond the Partnership’s control could cause fluctuations in these conditions, including but not limited to: its ability to raise sufficient funds from investors to acquire multi-family and commercial real estate, the availability of suitable real estate properties to acquire, and changes to Regulation A. Adverse developments in these general business and economic conditions could have a material adverse effect on the Partnership’s financial conditions and the results of operations.
| F-26 |
CALTIER FUND I, LP
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
NOTE 2 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Continued)
Deferred Offering Costs
The Partnership complies with the requirements of FASB ASC 946-20-25, Financial Services – Investment Companies and FASB ASC 340-10-S99-1 and SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin (SAB) Topic 5A - Expenses of Offering. Deferred offering costs consist principally of accounting and legal fees incurred in connection with an offering the Partnership intends to fully commence its intended during 2022 under Regulation A. Prior to the completion of the offering, these costs are capitalized as deferred offering costs on the Statements of Financial Condition. The deferred offering costs will be charged against proceeds from Partner contributions upon the completion of the offering or to expense if the offering is not completed further. Deferred offerings costs of $77,838 and $77,838, are capitalized to the Statements of Financial Condition as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.
Income Taxes
The Partnership is a limited liability partnership. Accordingly, under the Internal Revenue Code, all taxable income or loss flows through to its partners. Therefore, no provision for income tax has been recorded in the statements. Income from the Partnership is reported and taxed to the Partners on their individual tax returns.
The Partnership complies with FASB ASC 740, Income Taxes, (“FASB ASC 740”) for accounting for uncertainty in income taxes recognized in an enterprise’s financial statements, which prescribes a recognition threshold and measurement process for financial statement recognition and measurement of a tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. For those benefits to be recognized, a tax position must be more-likely-than-not to be sustained upon examination by taxing authorities. FASB ASC 740 also provides guidance on derecognition, classification, interest and penalties, accounting in interim periods, disclosure and transition. Based on the Partnership’s evaluation, it has been concluded that there are no significant uncertain tax positions requiring recognition in the Partnership’s financial statements. The Partnership believes that its income tax positions would be sustained on audit and does not anticipate any adjustments that would result in a material change to its financial position.
The Partnership may in the future become subject to federal, state and local income taxation though it has not been since its inception. The Partnership is not presently subject to any income tax audit in any taxing jurisdiction. All years are open for tax examinations.
Subsequent Events
The Partnership invested $400,000 in two real estate related investments in February 2023.
The Partnership evaluated all significant events or transactions that occurred through May 12, 2023, the date these financial statements were available to be issued.
NOTE 3 – Management Fees and Other Transactions with Affiliates
Reimbursement of Organization and Offering Expenses
The Partnership’s General Partner and its affiliates are reimbursed for actual organizational and offering expenses incurred. Organization and offering expenses consist of the actual legal, accounting, printing, marketing, advertising, filing fees, any transfer agent costs and other accountable offering-related expenses which were incurred prior to the inception of the Partnership.
Deferred offering costs of $77,838 and $77,838, along with other general expenses were incurred by a related party on the Partnership’s behalf and are shown as advances from related parties on the Statements of Financial Condition and amounted to $401,053 and $294,332 at December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. This related party advances are unsecured, interest-free, and repayable on demand.
| F-27 |
CALTIER FUND I, LP
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
NOTE 3 – Management Fees and Other Transactions with Affiliates (Continued)
Advances to Related Parties
The Partnership transferred $20,000 to a related party holding company in December 2020 in anticipation of making an investment, however, that investment did not occur and the Partnership was refunded their contribution in 2021.
The Limited Partnership Agreement describes the terms under which the General Partner will manage the Partnership. The Partnership is subject to the following fees under this agreement:
Asset Management Fee
The Partnership pays the General Partner an asset management fee equal to an annualized rate of 3.0%, which is based on the net offering proceeds as of the end of each quarter, and thereafter is based on Partnership’s Net Asset Value (“NAV”) at the end of each prior quarter. This fee is payable quarterly. During the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, the Partnership incurred $52,681 and $8,172 in asset management fees, respectively.
Asset Acquisition Fee
For each real estate investment, the Partnership pays its General Partner or its designated affiliate 1.0%-2.5% of the investment’s purchase price. This fee is paid at the discretion of the General Partner, but no later than the liquidation of the real estate investment. During the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, the Partnership incurred $9,750 and $7,900 in asset acquisition fees, respectively.
Construction Management Fee
For each real estate investment, for which the Partnership may require to construct or renovate, the Partnership shall pay its General Partner or its designated affiliate 5.0%-7.5% of the construction or renovation budget. This fee shall be paid at the completion of the construction or renovation is substantially complete. During the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, the Partnership did not incur any construction management fees.
Disposition Fee
For each real estate investment, the Partnership may pay its General Partner or its designated affiliate 0.5%-1.0% of the investment’s sale price. This fee will be paid at the disposition of the investment’s real estate. During the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, the Partnership incurred $905 and $0 in disposition fees, respectively.
Property Management Fee
The General Partner may cause the Partnership to engage a third party to provide property management services with respect to properties acquired by the Partnership, or may elect to provide such services itself (or through an affiliate of the General Partner). In the event that the General Partner (or an affiliate thereof) provides any such property management services, the Partnership shall pay the General Partner or its applicable affiliate 2.5%-4.0% of gross collected income from a property. During the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, the Partnership did not incur any property management fees.
| F-28 |
CALTIER FUND I, LP
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
NOTE 4 – Investments and Fair Value
When available, the Partnership utilizes quoted market prices from independent third-party sources to determine fair value. In instances where the market for a financial instrument is not active, regardless of the availability of a nonbinding quoted market price, observable inputs might not be relevant and could require the Partnership to make a significant adjustment to derive a fair value measurement. Additionally, in an inactive market, a market price quoted from an independent third party may rely more on models with inputs based on information available only to that independent third party. When the Partnership determines the market for a financial instrument owned by the Partnership be illiquid or when market transactions for similar instruments do not appear orderly, the Partnership uses several valuation sources (including internal valuations, discounted cash flow analysis and quoted market prices) and establishes a fair value by assigning weights to the various valuation sources.
The Partnership internally valued certain investments based on overall changes in market conditions and comparable sales data within each of the markets the investment was made due to the relative short term the investment is intended to be held. Other investments were valued at cost as they were purchased within a few months before year end. Changes in assumptions or estimation methodologies can have a material effect on these estimated fair values. In this regard, the derived fair value estimates cannot be substantiated by comparison to independent markets and, in many cases, may not be realized in an immediate settlement of the instrument.
Apple Lane Investors, LLC
In July 2021, the Partnership invested $25,000 in Apple Lane Investors, LLC, which owns 41,916 square feet of multifamily residential building in Lawrence, Kansas. The Partnership’s ownership percentage of Apple Lane Investors, LLC was 1.78%. Management has determined the fair value of the Partnership’s investment to be $36,719 and $27,847 as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. The unrealized gain on the fair value of the investment amounted to $8,872 and $3,116 for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.
CC 506 South, LLC
In December 2021, the Partnership invested $25,930 in CC 506 South, LLC, which owns 155,652 square feet of multifamily residential building in Webster, Texas. The Partnership’s ownership percentage of CC 506 South, LLC was 0.46%. Management has determined the fair value of the Partnership’s investment to be $41,581 and $25,930 as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. The unrealized gain on the fair value of the investment amounted to $15,561 and $0 for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.
RS Glenwood Investors, LLC
In March 2021, the Partnership invested $10,000 in RS Glenwood Investors, LLC, which owns 112,672 square feet of multifamily residential building in Provo, Utah. The Partnership’s ownership percentage of RS Glenwood Investors, LLC was 0.17%. Management has determined the fair value of the Partnership’s investment to be $13,135 and $10,536 as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. The unrealized gain on the fair value of the investment amounted to $2,689 and $772 for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.
CC Lakewood Apts, LLC
In March 2021, the Partnership invested $25,000 in CC Lakewood Apts, LLC, which owns 57,600 square feet of multifamily residential building in Texas City, Texas. The Partnership’s ownership percentage of CC Lakewood Apts, LLC was 1.46%. Management has determined the fair value of the Partnership’s investment to be $25,172 and $32,914 as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. The unrealized gain (loss) on the fair value of the investment amounted to ($7,742) and $9,571 for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.
| F-29 |
CALTIER FUND I, LP
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
NOTE 4 – Investments and Fair Value (Continued)
RS Raintree Investors, LLC
In May 2021, the Partnership invested $15,000 in RS Raintree Investors, LLC, which owns 94,827 square feet of multifamily residential building in Provo, Utah. The Partnership’s ownership percentage of RS Raintree Investors, LLC was 0.11%. Management has determined the fair value of the Partnership’s investment to be $9,598 and $15,174 as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. The unrealized gain (loss) on the fair value of the investment amounted to ($5,576) and $315 for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.
LPRE Vue, LLC
In September 2021, the Partnership invested $25,000 in LPRE Vue, LLC, which owns 141,104 square feet of multifamily residential building in Austin, Texas. The Partnership’s ownership percentage of LPRE Vue, LLC was 0.27%. Management has determined the fair value of the Partnership’s investment to be $25,000 as of December 31, 2021. This investment was sold for $30,180 in 2022, which resulted in a realized gain of $5,180.
Sabine Venture Partners, LLP
In September 2022, the Partnership invested $50,000 in Sabine Venture Partners, LLP, which owns 224,357 square feet of multifamily residential building in Huston, Texas. The Partnership’s ownership percentage of Sabine Venture Partners, LLP was 0.08%. Management has determined the fair value of the Partnership’s investment to be $50,000 as of December 31, 2022.
Apex Forth Worth Partners, LLC
In May 2022, the Partnership invested $100,000 in Apex Fort Worth Partners, LLC, which owns 134,800 square feet of multifamily residential building in Fort Worth, Texas. The Partnership’s ownership percentage of Apex Fort Worth Partners, LLC was 2.0%. Management has determined the fair value of the Partnership’s investment to be $164,743 as of December 31, 2022. The unrealized gain on the fair value of the investment amounted to $64,743 for the year ended December 31, 2022.
Pinpoint RVA Investors, LLC
In August 2022, the Partnership invested $200,000 in Pinpoint RVA Investors, LLC, which owns 168,395 square feet of multifamily residential buildings in Richmond, Virginia. The Partnership’s ownership percentage of Pinpoint RVA Investors, LLC was 1.1%. Management has determined the fair value of the Partnership’s investment to be $200,000 as of December 31, 2022.
Sundance Bay Income and Growth Fund, LP
In October 2022, the Partnership invested $100,000 in Sundance Bay Income and Growth Fund, LP, which is a fund that acquires, renovates and manages a portfolio of multifamily assets. Management has determined the fair value of the Partnership’s investment to be $100,000 as of December 31, 2022.
Lake Elsinore Real Estate
In June 2022, the Partnership acquired a vacant waterfront lot of approximately 1.2 acres in Lake Elsinore Diego, California for $528,286. The Partnership owns 100% of this investment. Management has determined the fair value of the Partnership’s investment to be $535,000 as of December 31, 2022. The unrealized gain on the fair value of the investment amounted to $6,714 for the year ended December 31, 2022.
| F-30 |
CALTIER FUND I, LP
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
NOTE 4 – Investments and Fair Value (Continued)
325 7th Avenue Condominium
In November 2021, the Partnership acquired a 1,129 square foot residential condominium in San Diego, California for $816,100. The Partnership invested $286,100 in cash in this condominium and borrowed an additional $530,000 (see Note 5). The Partnership owns 100% of this investment. Management has determined the fair value of the Partnership’s investment to be $844,700 and $816,100 as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. The unrealized gain on the fair value of the investment amounted to $28,600 and $0 for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.
During the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, the Partnership received $84,741 and $0, respectively, of payments from investments which are reported as investment income in the Statements of Operations. This included $75,013 and $0 of rental income from the 325 7th Avenue Condominium for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. The Partnership recognized $5,810 and $3,269 of realized income from the sale of investments during the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.
The following table sets forth by level, within the fair value hierarchy, the Partnership’s investments, measured on a non-recurring basis, at fair value:
| Fair Value Measurements as of December 31, 2022, Utilizing: | ||||||||||||||||
| Quoted | Significant Other | Significant | ||||||||||||||
| Market Price | Observable | Unobservable | ||||||||||||||
| Inputs | Inputs | Inputs | Total | |||||||||||||
| (Level 1) | (Level 2) | (Level 3) | Fair Value | |||||||||||||
| Investments: | ||||||||||||||||
| Equity investments | $ | - | $ | - | $ | 640,948 | $ | 640,948 | ||||||||
| Real estate investments | - | - | 1,379,700 | 1,379,700 | ||||||||||||
| Total | $ | - | $ | - | $ | 2,020,648 | $ | 2,020,648 | ||||||||
| Fair Value Measurements as of December 31, 2021, Utilizing: | ||||||||||||||||
| Quoted | Significant Other | Significant | ||||||||||||||
| Market Price | Observable | Unobservable | ||||||||||||||
| Inputs | Inputs | Inputs | Total | |||||||||||||
| (Level 1) | (Level 2) | (Level 3) | Fair Value | |||||||||||||
| Investments: | ||||||||||||||||
| Equity investments | $ | - | $ | - | $ | 137,401 | $ | 137,401 | ||||||||
| Real estate investments | - | - | 816,100 | 816,100 | ||||||||||||
| Total | $ | - | $ | - | $ | 953,501 | $ | 953,501 | ||||||||
Changes in level 3 investments are as follows for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021:
| 2022 | 2021 | |||||||
| Balance, beginning of year | $ | 953,501 | $ | - | ||||
| Total realized and unrealized gains or loss | 119,041 | 13,774 | ||||||
| Purchases | 978,286 | 943,130 | ||||||
| Sales and return of capital | (30,180 | ) | (3,403 | ) | ||||
| Balance, end of year | $ | 2,020,648 | $ | 953,501 | ||||
| F-31 |
CALTIER FUND I, LP
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
NOTE 5 – Loan Payable
In December 2021, and in connection with its purchase of 375 7th Avenue property, the Partnership entered into a promissory note with a lender for $530,000, with an interest rate of 8.95% and due May 15, 2022. The note required interest only payments of approximately $4,000 which were payable each month. In June 2022, the Partnership paid off this loan and entered into a new promissory note with a lender for $600,000, with an interest rate of 8.95% and due May 15, 2022. The note required interest and principal payments of approximately $4,000 which are payable each month. The note is secured by the underlying property as well as personally guaranteed by three members of the General Partner. The balance of the promissory notes at December 31, 2022 and 2021 was $587,177 and $530,000, respectively.
NOTE 6 – Partners’ Capital (Deficit)
Limited Partners have no rights, power, or authority to act for or bind the Partnership. No Limited Partner shall take any part in the conduct or control of the Partnership’s business and each Limited Partner shall only have the right to vote upon Partnership matters for election of successor General Partner, dissolution of the Partnership, other matters, consents, and approvals. The General Partner is authorized to cause the Partnership to pay all expenses relating to the formation and organization of the Partnership. Each Limited Partner’s interest in the Partnership is represented by units of interest (“units”) that entitles the holder to all of the rights and interest of the holder under the agreement, including, without limitation, the right to share in the net profits, net losses, cash flow, distributions, and capital of the Partnership.
As of December 31, 2022 and 2021, the Partnership has collected $3,288,390 and $733,484, respectively, as contributions from its Limited Partners. In 2022, the Partnership made distributions that consisted of refunds and distributions of $339,493.
Allocations of Profits and Losses
Net profits and net losses shall be determined separately for each investment in such manner as is determined in the sole and absolute discretion of the General Partner. Any net profits or net losses that are not directly attributable to any investment shall be allocated among any or all of the investments in such manner as is determined in the sole and absolute discretion of the General Partner.
Specific allocation of net losses and net profits will be allocated to the Partners in accordance with the provisions as described in the Agreement of Limited Partnership.
Distributions
Distributions of net profits will not be made to the Limited Partners until the earlier of: (i) twelve (12) months from the date of admission of the first Limited Partner is admitted to the Partnership pursuant to the offering, or (ii) the Partnership’s investments in real estate assets begin generating cash flows, in the sole and absolute discretion of the General Partner, to the extent that cash is available.
Redemptions
A Limited Partner may request limited quarterly withdrawals from the Partnership by offering a discounted redemption price prior to holding the investment for two (2) years. Pursuant to this limited redemption, a Limited Partner may only have one outstanding redemption request at any given time and request redemptions up to the lessor of 10,000 units or $50,000. The discounted redemption will range between 1.0% and 3.0% based on the holding period of the investment and partially at the discretion of the General Partner based on the liquidity of the Partnership and operating cash flow needs.
| F-32 |
CALTIER FUND I, LP
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
NOTE 7 – Indemnifications
In the normal course of business, the Partnership enters into contracts that contain a variety of representations and warranties that provide indemnification under certain circumstances. The Partnership's maximum exposure under these arrangements is unknown, as this would involve future claims that may be made against the Partnership that have not yet occurred. The Partnership expects the risk of any future obligation under these indemnifications to be remote.
NOTE 8 – Financial Risks and Uncertainties
Liquidity Risk
Liquidity risk is the risk that the Partnership will not be able to raise funds to fulfill its commitments including inability to sell investments quickly or close to fair value.
Market Risk
Market risk is the potential loss that can be caused by increasing or decreasing in the fair value of investments resulting from market fluctuations.
Credit Risk
Credit risk represents the potential loss that would occur if counter parties fail to perform pursuant to the terms of their obligations.
NOTE 9 – Financial Highlights
Pursuant to the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants' Audit and Accounting Guide - Audits of Investment Companies, certain non-registered, non-unitized investment companies are required to disclose certain ratios related to net investment income, expenses, and internal rate of return (“IRR”).
The below ratios are calculated for all Partners taken as a whole and are presented on an annualized basis. The IRR was computed from inception of the Partnership based on the actual dates of the cash inflows and outflows, as applicable, and the residual value of the Partners’ capital account, net of all incentive allocations, as of each measurement date. An individual Partner’s ratios and internal rate of return may vary based on different management fee and incentive arrangements (as applicable) and the timing of capital transactions.
| Inception through December 31, 2022 | December 31, 2022 | December 31, 2021 | ||||||||||
| Net investment income ratio | 36 | % | 9 | % | 0 | % | ||||||
| Realized/Unrealized income ratio | 58 | % | 13 | % | 16 | % | ||||||
| Expense ratio | 968 | % | 190 | % | 418 | % | ||||||
| IRR | -806 | % | -168 | % | -402 | % | ||||||
| F-33 |
PART III
INDEX TO EXHIBITS
^ Filed Herewith
^^ Previously Filed
* Filed as an exhibit to the CalTier Fund I, LP. Regulation A Offering Statement on Form 1-A (Commission File No. 024-11077) and incorporated herein by reference.
** Filed as an exhibit to CalTier Fund I, LP’s Semi-Annual Report on Form 1-SA filed with the Commission on September 28, 2023 and incorporated herein by reference.
55
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Regulation A, the issuer certifies that it has reasonable grounds to believe that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form 1-A POS and has duly caused this Offering Statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of San Diego, State of California, on February 14, 2024.
CalTier Fund I, LP
By: CalTier Inc., its General Partner
| By: | /s/ Matthew Belcher | ||
| Name: | Matthew Belcher | ||
| Title: | Chief Executive Officer |
This offering statement has been signed by the following persons in the capacities and on the dates indicated.
| /s/ Matthew Belcher | ||
| Name: | Matthew Belcher | |
| Title: | Chief Executive Officer and Director of CalTier Inc., the General Partner (Principal Executive Officer) | |
| Date: | February 14, 2024 | |
| /s/ Travis Hook | ||
| Name: | Travis Hook | |
| Title: | Chief Information Officer and Director of CalTier Inc., the General Partner | |
| Date: | February 14, 2024 | |
| /s/ Parker Smith | ||
| Name: | Parker Smith | |
| Title: | Chief Financial Officer and Director of CalTier Inc., the General Partner (Principal Accounting Officer and Principal Financial Officer) | |
| Date: | February 14, 2024 | |
56
Exhibit 1.1

Broker-Dealer Agreement
This agreement (together with exhibits and schedules, the “Agreement”) is entered into by and between CalTier Fund 1, LP (“Client”), and Dalmore Group, LLC., a Delaware Limited Liability Company (“Dalmore”). Client and Dalmore agree to be bound by the terms of this Agreement, effective as 01-09-2024 (the “Effective Date”):
WHEREAS, Dalmore is a registered broker-dealer providing services in the equity and debt securities market, including offerings conducted via exemptions from registration with the Securities Exchange Commission (“SEC”);
WHEREAS, Client is offering securities directly to the public in an offering exempt from registration under Regulation A (the “Offering”); and
WHEREAS, Client recognizes the benefit of having Dalmore as a broker dealer of record and service provider for investors who participate in the Offering (collectively, the “Investors”).
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the mutual promises and covenants contained herein and for good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which are hereby acknowledged, the Parties agree as follows:
| 1. | Appointment, Term, and Termination. |
| a. | Services. Client hereby engages Dalmore to perform the services listed on Exhibit A attached hereto and made apart hereof, in connection with the Offering (the “Services”). Unless otherwise agreed to in writing by the parties, the services to be performed by Dalmore are limited to those Services. |
| b. | Term. The Agreement will commence on the Effective Date and will remain in effect for a period of twelve (12) months and will renew automatically for successive renewal terms of twelve (12) months each unless any party provides notice to the other party of non-renewal at least sixty (60) days prior to the expiration of the current term. If Client defaults in performing the obligations under this Agreement, the Agreement may be terminated (i) upon written notice if Client fails to perform or observe any material term, covenant or condition to be performed or observed by it under this Agreement and such failure continues to be unremedied, (ii) upon written notice, if any material representation or warranty made by Client proves to be incorrect at any time in any material respect, or (iii) upon written notice if Client or Dalmore commences a voluntary proceeding seeking liquidation, reorganization or other relief, or is adjudged bankrupt or insolvent or has entered against it a final and unappealable order for relief, under any bankruptcy, insolvency or other similar law, or either party executes and delivers a general assignment for the benefit of its creditors. |

| 2. | Compensation. As compensation for the Services, Client shall pay to Dalmore the following fees: |
a. A fee equal to one percent (1%) on the aggregate amount raised by the Client (the “Offering Fee”). The Offering Fee shall only be payable after the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (“FINRA”) department of Corporate Finance issues a no objection letter (the “No Objection Letter”) for the Offering. Client authorizes Dalmore to deduct the Offering Fee directly from the Client’s third-party escrow or payment account.
b. A one-time expense fee of five thousand ($5,000) for out-of-pocket expenses incurred by Dalmore (the “Expense Fee”). The Expense Fee is due and payable upon execution of this Agreement. The Expense Fee shall cover expenses anticipated to be incurred by the firm such as FINRA filings and any other expenses incurred by Dalmore in connection with the Offering. Notwithstanding the foregoing, Dalmore will refund to the Client any portion of the Expense Fee that remains unused.
c. A consulting fee of twenty thousand ($20,000) (the “Consulting Fee”), due within five (5) days of receipt of the No Objection Letter and shall be payable in four (4) payments of $5,000, to be billed every 30 days. In the event the Consulting Fee is not paid by the first closing, Client authorizes Dalmore to deduct the Consulting Fee directly from the Client’s third-party escrow or payment account upon the first closing. Consulting fees payable under this Agreement are not refundable for any reason.
| 3. | Regulatory Compliance |
a. Client and all its third-party providers shall at all times (i) maintain all required registrations and licenses, including foreign qualification, if necessary; and (iii) pay all related fees and expenses (including all fees associated with FINRA filings), in each case that are necessary or appropriate to perform their respective obligations under this Agreement.
FINRA Corporate Filing Fee for this $72,000,000, best efforts offering will be $11,300 and will be a pass-through fee payable to Dalmore, from the Client, who will then forward it to FINRA as payment for the filing. Since this Offering involves ongoing filings, Dalmore will invoice the Client for the FINRA fee due and the $1,000 1-APOS filing fee prior to each filing. This fee is due and payable prior to any submission by Dalmore to FINRA.
b. Client and Dalmore will each be responsible for supervising the activities and training of their respective sales employees, as well as all of their other respective employees in the performance of functions specifically allocated to them pursuant to the terms of this Agreement.

c. Client and Dalmore agree to promptly notify the other concerning any material communications from or with any Governmental Authority or Self-Regulatory Organization with respect to this Agreement or the performance of its obligations unless such notification is expressly prohibited by the applicable Governmental Authority.
| 4. | Role of Dalmore. Client acknowledges and agrees that Dalmore’s sole responsibilities in connection with an Offering are set forth on Exhibit A, and that Dalmore is strictly acting in an administrative and compliance capacity as the broker dealer of record, and is not being engaged by the Client to act as an underwriter or placement agent in connection with the Offering. Dalmore will use commercially reasonable efforts to perform the Services. Dalmore (i) makes no representations with respect to the quality of any investment opportunity; (ii) does not guarantee the performance of any Investor; (iii) is not soliciting or approaching investors in connection with the Offering, (iv) is not an investment adviser, does not provide investment advice and does not recommend securities transactions, (v) in performing the Services is not making any recommendations to the appropriateness, suitability, legality, validity or profitability of the Offering, and (vi) does not take any responsibility for any documentation created and used in connection with the Offering. |
| 5. | Indemnification. Client shall indemnify and hold Dalmore, its affiliates and their representatives and agents harmless from, any and all actual or direct losses, liabilities, judgments, arbitration awards, settlements, damages and costs (collectively, “Losses”), resulting from or arising out of any third party suits, actions, claims, demands or similar proceedings (collectively, “Proceedings”) to the extent they are based upon (i) a breach of this Agreement by Client, (ii) the wrongful acts or omissions of Client, or (iii) the Offering. |
| 6. | Confidentiality. For purposes of this Agreement, the term “Confidential Information” means all confidential and proprietary information of a party, including but not limited to (i) financial information, (ii) business and marketing plans, (iii) the names of employees and owners, (iv) the names and other personally-identifiable information of users of the third-party provided online fundraising platform, (v) security codes, and (vi) all documentation provided by Client or Investor, but shall not include (i) information already known or independently developed by the recipient without the use of any confidential and proprietary information, or (ii) information known to the public through no wrongful act of the recipient. During the term of this Agreement and at all times thereafter, neither party shall disclose Confidential Information of the other party or use such Confidential Information for any purpose without the prior written consent of such other party. Without limiting the preceding sentence, each party shall use at least the same degree of care in safeguarding the other party’s Confidential Information as it uses to safeguard its own Confidential Information. Notwithstanding the foregoing, a party may disclose Confidential Information (i) if required to do by order of a court of competent jurisdiction, provided that such party shall notify the other party in writing promptly upon receipt of knowledge of such order so that such other party may attempt to prevent such disclosure or seek a protective order; or (ii) to any applicable governmental authority as required by applicable law. Nothing contained herein shall be construed to prohibit the SEC, FINRA, or other government official or entities from obtaining, reviewing, and auditing any information, records, or data. Client acknowledges that regulatory record-keeping requirements, as well as securities industry best practices, require Dalmore to maintain copies of practically all data, including communications and materials, regardless of any termination of this Agreement. |

| 7. | Notices. Any notices required by this Agreement shall be in writing and shall be addressed, and delivered or mailed postage prepaid, or faxed or emailed to the other parties hereto at such addresses as such other parties may designate from time to time for the receipt of such notices. Until further notice, the address of each party to this Agreement for this purpose shall be the following: |
If to the Client:
CalTier Fund 1, LP
14269 Danielson St.
Poway, CA
92064
Attn: Matt Belcher
CEO of GP
Tel:
Email:
If to Dalmore:
Dalmore Group, LLC
530 7th Avenue,
Suite 902
New York, NY, 10018
Attn: Etan Butler, Chairman
Tel:
Email:

| 8. | Miscellaneous. |
a. ANY DISPUTE OR CONTROVERSY BETWEEN THE CLIENT AND PROVIDER RELATING TO OR ARISING OUT OF THIS AGREEMENT WILL BE SETTLED BY ARBITRATION BEFORE AND UNDER THE RULES OF THE ARBITRATION COMMITTEE OF FINRA.
b. This Agreement is non-exclusive and shall not be construed to prevent either party from engaging in any other business activities.
c. This Agreement will be binding upon all successors, assigns or transferees of Client. No assignment of this Agreement by either party will be valid unless the other party consents to such an assignment in writing. Either party may freely assign this Agreement to any person or entity that acquires all or substantially all of its business or assets. Any assignment by the either party to any subsidiary that it may create or to a company affiliated with or controlled directly or indirectly by it will be deemed valid and enforceable in the absence of any consent from the other party.

d. Neither party will, without prior written approval of the other party, reference such other party in any advertisement, website, newspaper, publication, periodical or any other communication, and shall keep the contents of this Agreement confidential in accordance with the provisions set forth herein.
e. THE CONSTRUCTION AND EFFECT OF EVERY PROVISION OF THIS AGREEMENT, THE RIGHTS OF THE PARTIES UNDER THIS AGREEMENT AND ANY QUESTIONS ARISING OUT OF THE AGREEMENT, WILL BE SUBJECT TO THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK, WITHOUT REGARD TO CONFLICT OF LAW PRINCIPLES TO THE EXTENT SUCH APPLICATION WOULD CAUSE THE LAWS OF A DIFFERENT STATE TO APPLY. The language used in this Agreement shall be deemed to be the language chosen by the parties to express their mutual intent, and no rule of strict construction will be applied against any party.
f. If any provision or condition of this Agreement is held to be invalid or unenforceable by any court, or regulatory or self-regulatory agency or body, the validity of the remaining provisions and conditions will not be affected and this Agreement will be carried out as if any such invalid or unenforceable provision or condition were not included in the Agreement.
g. This Agreement sets forth the entire agreement between the parties with respect to the subject matter hereof and supersedes any prior agreement relating to the subject matter herein. The Agreement may not be modified or amended except by written agreement.
h. This Agreement may be executed in multiple counterparts and by facsimile or electronic means, each of which shall be deemed an original but all of which together shall constitute one and the same agreement.
[SIGNATURES APPEAR ON FOLLOWING PAGE(S)]

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties have executed this Agreement as of the date first written above.
| CalTier Fund 1, LP | ||
| By | /s/ Matt Belcher | |
| Name: | Matt Belcher | |
| Its: | CEO of GP | |
| Dalmore Group, LLC: | ||
| By | /s/ Etan Butler | |
| Name: | Etan Butler | |
| Its: | Chairman | |

Exhibit A
Services:
| a. | Review Investor information, including KYC (Know Your Customer) data, AML (Anti-Money Laundering), OFAC compliance background checks (it being understood that KYC and AML processes may be provided by a qualified third party); |
| b. | Review each Investor’s subscription agreement to confirm such Investor’s participation in the Offering, and provide confirmation of completion of such subscription documents to Client; |
| c. | Contact and/or notify the issuer, if needed, to gather additional information or clarification on an Investor; |
| d. | Keep Investor information and data confidential and not disclose to any third-party except as required by regulatory agencies or in our performance under this Agreement (e.g. as needed for AML and background checks); |
| e. | Coordinate with third party providers to ensure adequate review and compliance; |
| f. | Provide, or coordinate the provision by a third party, of an “invest now” payment processing mechanism, including connection to a qualified escrow agent. |
Exhibit 4.1
SUBSCRIPTION AGREEMENT
THIS INVESTMENT INVOLVES A HIGH DEGREE OF RISK. THIS INVESTMENT IS SUITABLE ONLY FOR PERSONS WHO CAN BEAR THE ECONOMIC RISK FOR AN INDEFINITE PERIOD OF TIME AND WHO CAN AFFORD TO LOSE THEIR ENTIRE INVESTMENT. FURTHERMORE, INVESTORS MUST UNDERSTAND THAT SUCH INVESTMENT IS ILLIQUID AND IS EXPECTED TO CONTINUE TO BE ILLIQUID FOR AN INDEFINITE PERIOD OF TIME. NO PUBLIC MARKET EXISTS FOR THE SECURITIES, AND NO PUBLIC MARKET IS EXPECTED TO DEVELOP FOLLOWING THIS OFFERING.
THE SECURITIES OFFERED HEREBY HAVE NOT BEEN REGISTERED UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED (THE “ACT”), OR ANY STATE SECURITIES OR BLUE SKY LAWS AND ARE BEING OFFERED AND SOLD IN RELIANCE ON EXEMPTIONS FROM THE REGISTRATION REQUIREMENTS OF THE ACT AND STATE SECURITIES OR BLUE SKY LAWS. ALTHOUGH AN OFFERING STATEMENT HAS BEEN FILED WITH THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION (THE “SEC”), THAT OFFERING STATEMENT DOES NOT INCLUDE THE SAME INFORMATION THAT WOULD BE INCLUDED IN A REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE ACT. THE SECURITIES HAVE NOT BEEN APPROVED OR DISAPPROVED BY THE SEC, ANY STATE SECURITIES COMMISSION OR OTHER REGULATORY AUTHORITY, NOR HAVE ANY OF THE FOREGOING AUTHORITIES PASSED UPON THE MERITS OF THIS OFFERING OR THE ADEQUACY OR ACCURACY OF THE SUBSCRIPTION AGREEMENT OR ANY OTHER MATERIALS OR INFORMATION MADE AVAILABLE TO SUBSCRIBER IN CONNECTION WITH THIS OFFERING OVER THE WEB-BASED PLATFORM MAINTAINED BY CALTIER INC. (THE “PLATFORM”) OR THROUGH DALMORE GROUP, LLC (THE “BROKER”). ANY REPRESENTATION TO THE CONTRARY IS UNLAWFUL. ANY REPRESENTATION TO THE CONTRARY IS UNLAWFUL.
INVESTORS WHO ARE NOT “ACCREDITED INVESTORS” (AS THAT TERM IS DEFINED IN SECTION 501 OF REGULATION D PROMULGATED UNDER THE ACT) ARE SUBJECT TO LIMITATIONS ON THE AMOUNT THEY MAY INVEST, AS SET OUT IN SECTION 4. THE COMPANY IS RELYING ON THE REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES SET FORTH BY EACH SUBSCRIBER IN THIS SUBSCRIPTION AGREEMENT AND THE OTHER INFORMATION PROVIDED BY SUBSCRIBER IN CONNECTION WITH THIS OFFERING TO DETERMINE THE APPLICABILITY TO THIS OFFERING OF EXEMPTIONS FROM THE REGISTRATION REQUIREMENTS OF THE ACT.
THE OFFERING MATERIALS MAY CONTAIN FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS AND INFORMATION RELATING TO, AMONG OTHER THINGS, THE COMPANY, ITS BUSINESS PLAN AND STRATEGY, AND ITS INDUSTRY. THESE FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS ARE BASED ON THE BELIEFS OF, ASSUMPTIONS MADE BY, AND INFORMATION CURRENTLY AVAILABLE TO THE COMPANY’S MANAGEMENT. WHEN USED IN THE OFFERING MATERIALS, THE WORDS “ESTIMATE,” “PROJECT,” “BELIEVE,” “ANTICIPATE,” “INTEND,” “EXPECT” AND SIMILAR EXPRESSIONS ARE INTENDED TO IDENTIFY FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS, WHICH CONSTITUTE FORWARD LOOKING STATEMENTS. THESE STATEMENTS REFLECT MANAGEMENT’S CURRENT VIEWS WITH RESPECT TO FUTURE EVENTS AND ARE SUBJECT TO RISKS AND UNCERTAINTIES THAT COULD CAUSE THE COMPANY’S ACTUAL RESULTS TO DIFFER MATERIALLY FROM THOSE CONTAINED IN THE FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS. INVESTORS ARE CAUTIONED NOT TO PLACE UNDUE RELIANCE ON THESE FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS, WHICH SPEAK ONLY AS OF THE DATE ON WHICH THEY ARE MADE. THE COMPANY DOES NOT UNDERTAKE ANY OBLIGATION TO REVISE OR UPDATE THESE FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS TO REFLECT EVENTS OR CIRCUMSTANCES AFTER SUCH DATE OR TO REFLECT THE OCCURRENCE OF UNANTICIPATED EVENTS.
THE COMPANY MAY NOT BE OFFERING THE SECURITIES IN EVERY STATE. THE OFFERING MATERIALS DO NOT CONSTITUTE AN OFFER OR SOLICITATION IN ANY STATE OR JURISDICTION IN WHICH THE SECURITIES ARE NOT BEING OFFERED.
THE COMPANY RESERVES THE RIGHT IN ITS SOLE DISCRETION AND FOR ANY REASON WHATSOEVER TO MODIFY, AMEND AND/OR WITHDRAW ALL OR A PORTION OF THE OFFERING AND/OR ACCEPT OR REJECT IN WHOLE OR IN PART ANY PROSPECTIVE INVESTMENT IN THE SECURITIES OR TO ALLOT TO ANY PROSPECTIVE INVESTOR LESS THAN THE AMOUNT OF SECURITIES SUCH INVESTOR DESIRES TO PURCHASE. EXCEPT AS OTHERWISE INDICATED, THE OFFERING MATERIALS SPEAK AS OF THEIR DATE. NEITHER THE DELIVERY NOR THE PURCHASE OF THE SECURITIES SHALL, UNDER ANY CIRCUMSTANCES, CREATE ANY IMPLICATION THAT THERE HAS BEEN NO CHANGE IN THE AFFAIRS OF THE COMPANY SINCE THAT DATE.
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| TO: | CalTier Fund I, LP |
5965 Village Way Ste 105-142,
San Diego, California, 92130
Ladies and Gentlemen:
1. Subscription.
(a) The undersigned (“Subscriber”) hereby subscribes for and agrees to purchase Units (the “Securities”), of CalTier Fund I, LP, a Delaware Limited Partnership (the “Company”), at a purchase price of $5 per Unit (the “Per Security Price”), upon the terms and conditions set forth herein. The minimum subscription is $500 for U.S. Persons and $5,000 for non-U.S. Persons. The rights and preferences of the Units are as set forth in Limited Partnership Agreement of the Company filed as an exhibit to the Offering Statement of the Company filed with the SEC (the “Offering Statement”).
(b) Subscriber understands that the Securities are being offered pursuant to an offering circular (the “Offering Circular”) filed with the SEC as part of the Offering Statement (SEC File No. 024-12056), as may be amended from time to time. By executing this Subscription Agreement as provided herein, Subscriber acknowledges that Subscriber has received access to this Subscription Agreement, copies of the Offering Circular and Offering Statement including exhibits thereto and any other information required by the Subscriber to make an investment decision. It is a condition of the Company’s acceptance of this subscription that Subscriber becomes a party to the Limited Partnership Agreement.
(c) By subscribing to the Offering and executing this Subscription Agreement, Subscriber (and, if Subscriber is purchasing the Securities subscribed for hereby in a fiduciary capacity, the person or persons for whom Investor is so purchasing) hereby joins as a party that is designated (a) as a Limited Partner under Article 3 of the Limited Partnership Agreement filed as an exhibit to the Offering Statement of the Company filed with the SEC (the “Limited Partnership Agreement”). Any notice required or permitted to be given to the Subscriber under the Limited Partnership Agreement shall be given to Subscriber at the address provided with the Subscriber’s subscription. Subscriber confirms that Subscriber has reviewed the Limited Partnership Agreement and will be bound by the terms thereof as a party who is designated as a “Limited Partner” under the Limited Partnership Agreement.
(d) The Subscriber’s subscription may be accepted or rejected in whole or in part, at any time prior to a Closing Date (as hereinafter defined), by the Company at its sole discretion. Upon the expiration of the period specified in Subscriber’s state for notice filings before sales may be made in such state, if any, the subscription may no longer be revoked at the option of the Subscriber. In addition, the Company, at its sole discretion, may allocate to Subscriber only a portion of the number of Securities Subscriber has subscribed for. The Company will notify Subscriber whether this subscription is accepted (whether in whole or in part) or rejected. If Subscriber’s subscription is rejected, Subscriber’s payment (or portion thereof if partially rejected) will be returned to Subscriber without interest and all of Subscriber’s obligations hereunder shall terminate.
(e) The aggregate number of Securities sold shall not exceed 14,400,000 (the “Maximum Offering”). The Company may accept subscriptions until the termination of the Offering in accordance with its terms (the “Termination Date”). The Company may elect at any time to close all or any portion of this offering, on various dates at or prior to the Termination Date (each a “Closing Date”).
(f) In the event of rejection of this subscription in its entirety, or in the event the sale of the Securities (or any portion thereof) is not consummated for any reason, this Subscription Agreement shall have no force or effect, except for Section 5 hereof, which shall remain in force and effect.
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2. Purchase Procedure.
(a) Payment. The purchase price for the Securities shall be paid simultaneously with the execution and delivery to the Company of the signature page of this Subscription Agreement. Subscriber shall deliver a signed copy of this Subscription Agreement, along with payment for the aggregate purchase price of the Securities by a check for available funds made payable to “CalTier Fund I LP”, by ACH electronic transfer or wire transfer to an account designated by the Company, or by any combination of such methods.
(b) Escrow arrangements. Payment for the Securities shall be received by North Capital Private Securities Corporation (the “Escrow Facilitator”) from the undersigned by transfer of immediately available funds, check or other means approved by the Company at least two days prior to the applicable Closing Date. Upon such Closing Date, the Escrow Facilitator shall release such funds to the Company. The undersigned shall receive notice and evidence of the digital entry of the number of the Securities owned by undersigned reflected on the books and records of the Company and verified by Vertalo, Inc., (the “Transfer Agent”), which books and records shall bear a notation that the Securities were sold in reliance upon Regulation A.
3. Representations and Warranties of the Company.
The Company represents and warrants to Subscriber that the following representations and warranties are true and complete in all material respects as of the date of each Closing Date, except as otherwise indicated. For purposes of this Agreement, an individual shall be deemed to have “knowledge” of a particular fact or other matter if such individual is actually aware of such fact. The Company will be deemed to have “knowledge” of a particular fact or other matter if one of the Company’s current officers has, or at any time had, actual knowledge of such fact or other matter.
(a) Organization and Standing. The Company is a Limited Partnership duly formed, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the State of Delaware. The Company has all requisite power and authority to own and operate its properties and assets, to execute and deliver this Subscription Agreement, Limited Partnership Agreement and any other agreements or instruments required hereunder. The Company is duly qualified and is authorized to do business and is in good standing as a foreign corporation in all jurisdictions in which the nature of its activities and of its properties (both owned and leased) makes such qualification necessary, except for those jurisdictions in which failure to do so would not have a material adverse effect on the Company or its business.
(b) Issuance of the Securities. The issuance, sale and delivery of the Securities in accordance with this Subscription Agreement has been duly authorized by all necessary corporate action on the part of the Company. The Securities, when so issued, sold and delivered against payment therefor in accordance with the provisions of this Subscription Agreement, will be duly and validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable.
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(c) Authority for Agreement. All limited partnership action on the part of the Company necessary for the authorization of this Subscription Agreement, the performance of all obligations of the Company hereunder at a Closing and the authorization, sale, issuance and delivery of the Securities pursuant hereto has been taken or will be taken prior to the applicable Closing Date.
The execution and delivery by the Company of this Subscription Agreement and the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby (including the issuance, sale and delivery of the Securities) are within the Company’s powers and have been duly authorized by all necessary corporate action on the part of the Company. Upon full execution hereof as provided herein, this Subscription Agreement shall constitute a valid and binding agreement of the Company, enforceable against the Company in accordance with its terms, except (i) as limited by applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium, and other laws of general application affecting enforcement of creditors’ rights generally, (ii) as limited by laws relating to the availability of specific performance, injunctive relief, or other equitable remedies and (iii) with respect to provisions relating to indemnification and contribution, as limited by considerations of public policy and by federal or state securities laws.
(d) No filings. Assuming the accuracy of the Subscriber’s representations and warranties set forth in Section 4 hereof, no order, license, consent, authorization or approval of, or exemption by, or action by or in respect of, or notice to, or filing or registration with, any governmental body, agency or official is required by or with respect to the Company in connection with the execution, delivery and performance by the Company of this Subscription Agreement except (i) for such filings as may be required under Regulation A or under any applicable state securities laws, (ii) for such other filings and approvals as have been made or obtained, or (iii) where the failure to obtain any such order, license, consent, authorization, approval or exemption or give any such notice or make any filing or registration would not have a material adverse effect on the ability of the Company to perform its obligations hereunder.
(e) Capitalization. The authorized and outstanding units of the Company immediately prior to the initial investment in the Securities is as set forth “Securities Being Offered” in the Offering Circular. Except as set forth in the Offering Circular, there are no outstanding options, warrants, rights (including conversion or preemptive rights and rights of first refusal), or agreements of any kind (oral or written) for the purchase or acquisition from the Company of any of its securities.
(f) Financial statements. Complete copies of the Company’s financial statements meeting the requirements of the Form 1-A under the Securities Act (the “Financial Statements”) have been made available to the Subscriber and appear in the Offering Circular. The Financial Statements are based on the books and records of the Company and fairly present in all material respects the financial condition of the Company as of the respective dates they were prepared and the results of the operations and cash flows of the Company for the periods indicated. The auditing firm, or each firm, which has audited the Financial Statements, is an independent accounting firm within the rules and regulations adopted by the SEC.
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(g) Proceeds. The Company shall use the proceeds from the issuance and sale of the Securities as set forth in “Use of Proceeds” in the Offering Circular.
(h) Litigation. Except as set forth in the Offering Circular, there is no pending action, suit, proceeding, arbitration, mediation, complaint, claim, charge or investigation before any court, arbitrator, mediator or governmental body, or to the Company’s knowledge, currently threatened in writing (a) against the Company or (b) against any consultant, officer, manager, director or key employee of the Company arising out of his or her consulting, employment or board relationship with the Company or that could otherwise materially impact the Company.
4. Representations and Warranties of Subscriber. By executing this Subscription Agreement, Subscriber (and, if Subscriber is purchasing the Securities subscribed for hereby in a fiduciary capacity, the person or persons for whom Subscriber is so purchasing) represents and warrants, which representations and warranties are true and complete in all material respects as of such Subscriber’s respective Closing Date(s):
(a) Requisite Power and Authority. Such Subscriber has all necessary power and authority under all applicable provisions of law to execute and deliver this Subscription Agreement, Limited Partnership Agreement and other agreements required hereunder and to carry out their provisions. All action on Subscriber’s part required for the lawful execution and delivery of this Subscription Agreement and other agreements required hereunder have been or will be effectively taken prior to the Closing Date. Upon their execution and delivery, this Subscription Agreement and other agreements required hereunder will be valid and binding obligations of Subscriber, enforceable in accordance with their terms, except (a) as limited by applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium or other laws of general application affecting enforcement of creditors’ rights and (b) as limited by general principles of equity that restrict the availability of equitable remedies.
(b) Investment Representations. Subscriber understands that the Securities have not been registered under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”). Subscriber also understands that the Securities are being offered and sold pursuant to an exemption from registration contained in the Securities Act based in part upon Subscriber’s representations contained in this Subscription Agreement.
(c) Illiquidity and Continued Economic Risk. Subscriber acknowledges and agrees that there is no ready public market for the Securities and that there is no guarantee that a market for their resale will ever exist. Subscriber must bear the economic risk of this investment indefinitely and the Company has no obligation to list the Securities on any market or take any steps (including registration under the Securities Act or the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended) with respect to facilitating trading or resale of the Securities. Subscriber acknowledges that Subscriber is able to bear the economic risk of losing Subscriber’s entire investment in the Securities. Subscriber also understands that an investment in the Company involves significant risks and has taken full cognizance of and understands all of the risk factors relating to the purchase of Securities.
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(d) Accredited Investor Status or Investment Limits. Subscriber represents that either:
(i) Subscriber is an “accredited investor” within the meaning of Rule 501 of Regulation D under the Securities Act. Subscriber represents and warrants that it meets one or more of the criteria set forth in Appendix A attached hereto; or
(ii) The purchase price of the Securities (including any fee to be paid by the Subscriber), together with any other amounts previously used to purchase Securities in this offering, does not exceed 10% of the greater of the Subscriber’s annual income or net worth.
Subscriber represents that to the extent it has any questions with respect to its status as an accredited investor, or the application of the investment limits, it has sought professional advice.
(e) Unitholder information. Within five days after receipt of a request from the Company, the Subscriber hereby agrees to provide such information with respect to its status as a unitholder (or potential unitholder) and to execute and deliver such documents as may reasonably be necessary to comply with any and all laws and regulations to which the Company is or may become subject. Subscriber further agrees that in the event it transfers any Securities, it will require the transferee of such Securities to agree to provide such information to the Company as a condition of such transfer.
(f) Valuation. The Subscriber acknowledges that the price of the Securities was set by the Company on the basis of the Company’s internal valuation and no warranties are made as to value. The Subscriber further acknowledges that future offerings of Securities may be made at lower valuations, with the result that the Subscriber’s investment will bear a lower valuation.
(g) Domicile. Subscriber maintains Subscriber’s domicile (and is not a transient or temporary resident) at the address shown on the signature page.
(h) No Brokerage Fees. There are no claims for brokerage commission, finders’ fees or similar compensation in connection with the transactions contemplated by this Subscription Agreement or related documents based on any arrangement or agreement binding upon Subscriber.
(i) Foreign Investors. If Subscriber is not a United States person (as defined by Section 7701(a)(30) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended), Subscriber hereby represents that it has satisfied itself as to the full observance of the laws of its jurisdiction in connection with any invitation to subscribe for the Securities or any use of this Subscription Agreement, including (i) the legal requirements within its jurisdiction for the purchase of the Securities, (ii) any foreign exchange restrictions applicable to such purchase, (iii) any governmental or other consents that may need to be obtained, and (iv) the income tax and other tax consequences, if any, that may be relevant to the purchase, holding, redemption, sale, or transfer of the Securities. Subscriber’s subscription and payment for and continued beneficial ownership of the Securities will not violate any applicable securities or other laws of the Subscriber’s jurisdiction.
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5. Survival of Representations and Indemnity. The representations, warranties and covenants made by the Subscriber herein shall survive the Termination Date of this Agreement. The Subscriber agrees to indemnify and hold harmless the Company and its respective officers, directors and affiliates, and each other person, if any, who controls the Company within the meaning of Section 15 of the Securities Act against any and all loss, liability, claim, damage and expense whatsoever (including, but not limited to, any and all reasonable attorneys’ fees, including attorneys’ fees on appeal) and expenses reasonably incurred in investigating, preparing or defending against any false representation or warranty or breach of failure by the Subscriber to comply with any covenant or agreement made by the Subscriber herein or in any other document furnished by the Subscriber to any of the foregoing in connection with this transaction.
6. Governing Law; Jurisdiction. This Subscription Agreement shall be governed and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of Delaware.
EACH OF THE SUBSCRIBER AND THE COMPANY CONSENTS TO THE JURISDICTION OF ANY STATE OR FEDERAL COURT OF COMPETENT JURISDICTION LOCATED WITHIN DELAWARE AND NO OTHER PLACE AND IRREVOCABLY AGREES THAT ALL ACTIONS OR PROCEEDINGS RELATING TO THIS SUBSCRIPTION AGREEMENT NOT ARISING UNDER THE FEDERAL SECURITIES LAWS MAY BE LITIGATED IN SUCH COURTS.
EACH OF SUBSCRIBER AND THE COMPANY ACCEPTS FOR ITSELF AND HIMSELF AND IN CONNECTION WITH ITS AND HIS RESPECTIVE PROPERTIES, GENERALLY AND UNCONDITIONALLY, THE EXCLUSIVE JURISDICTION OF THE AFORESAID COURTS AND WAIVES ANY DEFENSE OF FORUM NON CONVENIENS, AND IRREVOCABLY AGREES TO BE BOUND BY ANY JUDGMENT RENDERED THEREBY IN CONNECTION WITH THIS SUBSCRIPTION AGREEMENT NOT ARISING UNDER THE FEDERAL SECURITIES LAWS. EACH OF SUBSCRIBER AND THE COMPANY FURTHER IRREVOCABLY CONSENTS TO THE SERVICE OF PROCESS OUT OF ANY OF THE AFOREMENTIONED COURTS IN THE MANNER AND IN THE ADDRESS SPECIFIED IN SECTION 7 AND THE SIGNATURE PAGE OF THIS SUBSCRIPTION AGREEMENT.
EACH OF THE PARTIES HERETO HEREBY IRREVOCABLY WAIVES ALL RIGHT TO TRIAL BY JURY IN ANY ACTION, PROCEEDING OR COUNTERCLAIM (WHETHER BASED IN CONTRACT, TORT BUT NOT INCLUDING CLAIMS UNDER THE FEDERAL SECURITIES LAWS) ARISING OUT OF OR RELATING TO THIS SUBSCRIPTION AGREEMENT OR THE ACTIONS OF EITHER PARTY IN THE NEGOTIATION, ADMINISTRATION, PERFORMANCE AND ENFORCEMENT THEREOF. EACH OF THE PARTIES HERETO ALSO WAIVES ANY BOND OR SURETY OR SECURITY UPON SUCH BOND WHICH MIGHT, BUT FOR THIS WAIVER, BE REQUIRED OF SUCH PARTY. THIS WAIVER IS IRREVOCABLE, MEANING THAT IT MAY NOT BE MODIFIED EITHER ORALLY OR IN WRITING, AND THIS WAIVER SHALL APPLY TO ANY SUBSEQUENT AMENDMENTS, RENEWALS, SUPPLEMENTS OR MODIFICATIONS TO THIS SUBSCRIPTION AGREEMENT. IN THE EVENT OF LITIGATION, THIS SUBSCRIPTION AGREEMENT MAY BE FILED AS A WRITTEN CONSENT TO A TRIAL BY THE COURT. BY AGREEING TO THIS WAIVER, THE SUBSCRIBER IS NOT DEEMED TO WAIVE THE COMPANY’S COMPLIANCE WITH THE FEDERAL SECURITIES LAWS AND THE RULES AND REGULATIONS PROMULGATED THEREUNDER.
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7. Notices. Notice, requests, demands and other communications relating to this Subscription Agreement and the transactions contemplated herein shall be in writing and shall be deemed to have been duly given if and when (a) delivered personally, on the date of such delivery; or (b) mailed by registered or certified mail, postage prepaid, return receipt requested, in the third day after the posting thereof; or (c) emailed, telecopied or cabled, on the date of such delivery to the address of the respective parties as follows:
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If to the Company, to:
5965 Village Way Ste 105-142, |
with a required copy to:
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| If to a Subscriber, to Subscriber’s address as shown on the signature page hereto. | ||
or to such other address as may be specified by written notice from time to time by the party entitled to receive such notice. Any notices, requests, demands or other communications by telecopy or cable shall be confirmed by letter given in accordance with (a) or (b) above.
8. Miscellaneous.
(a) All pronouns and any variations thereof shall be deemed to refer to the masculine, feminine, neuter, singular or plural, as the identity of the person or persons or entity or entities may require.
(b) This Subscription Agreement is not transferable or assignable by Subscriber.
(c) The representations, warranties and agreements contained herein shall be deemed to be made by and be binding upon Subscriber and its heirs, executors, administrators and successors and shall inure to the benefit of the Company and its successors and assigns.
(d) None of the provisions of this Subscription Agreement may be waived, changed or terminated orally or otherwise, except as specifically set forth herein or except by a writing signed by the Company and Subscriber.
(e) In the event any part of this Subscription Agreement is found to be void or unenforceable, the remaining provisions are intended to be separable and binding with the same effect as if the void or unenforceable part were never the subject of agreement.
(f) The invalidity, illegality or unenforceability of one or more of the provisions of this Subscription Agreement in any jurisdiction shall not affect the validity, legality or enforceability of the remainder of this Subscription Agreement in such jurisdiction or the validity, legality or enforceability of this Subscription Agreement, including any such provision, in any other jurisdiction, it being intended that all rights and obligations of the parties hereunder shall be enforceable to the fullest extent permitted by law.
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(g) This Subscription Agreement supersedes all prior discussions and agreements between the parties with respect to the subject matter hereof and contains the sole and entire agreement between the parties hereto with respect to the subject matter hereof.
(h) The terms and provisions of this Subscription Agreement are intended solely for the benefit of each party hereto and their respective successors and assigns, and it is not the intention of the parties to confer, and no provision hereof shall confer, third-party beneficiary rights upon any other person.
(i) The headings used in this Subscription Agreement have been inserted for convenience of reference only and do not define or limit the provisions hereof.
(j) This Subscription Agreement may be executed in any number of counterparts, each of which will be deemed an original, but all of which together will constitute one and the same instrument.
(k) If any recapitalization or other transaction affecting the stock of the Company is effected, then any new, substituted or additional securities or other property which is distributed with respect to the Securities shall be immediately subject to this Subscription Agreement, to the same extent that the Securities, immediately prior thereto, shall have been covered by this Subscription Agreement.
(l) No failure or delay by any party in exercising any right, power or privilege under this Subscription Agreement shall operate as a waiver thereof nor shall any single or partial exercise thereof preclude any other or further exercise thereof or the exercise of any other right, power or privilege. The rights and remedies herein provided shall be cumulative and not exclusive of any rights or remedies provided by law.
9. Subscription Procedure. Each Subscriber, by providing his or her information, including name, address and subscription amount, and clicking “accept” and/or checking the appropriate box on the online investment platform (“Online Acceptance”), confirms such Subscriber’s information and his or her investment through the platform and confirms such Subscriber’s electronic signature to this Subscription Agreement. Each party hereto agrees that (a) Subscriber's electronic signature as provided through Online Acceptance is the legal equivalent of his or her manual signature on this Subscription Agreement and constitutes execution and delivery of this Subscription Agreement by Subscriber, (b) the Company's acceptance of Subscriber's subscription through the platform and its electronic signature hereto is the legal equivalent of its manual signature on this Subscription Agreement and constitutes execution and delivery of this Subscription Agreement by the Company and (c) each party's execution and delivery of this Subscription Agreement as provided in this Section 9 establishes such party's acceptance of the terms and conditions of this Subscription Agreement.
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APPENDIX A
An accredited investor, as defined in Rule 501(a) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, includes the following categories of investor:
(1) Any bank as defined in section 3(a)(2) of the Act, or any savings and loan association or other institution as defined in section 3(a)(5)(A) of the Act whether acting in its individual or fiduciary capacity; any broker or dealer registered pursuant to section 15 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; any investment adviser registered pursuant to section 203 of the Investment Advisers Act of 1940 or registered pursuant to the laws of a state; any investment adviser relying on the exemption from registering with the Commission under section 203(l) or (m) of the Investment Advisers Act of 1940; any insurance company as defined in section 2(a)(13) of the Act; any investment company registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940 or a business development company as defined in section 2(a)(48) of that Act; any Small Business Investment Company licensed by the U.S. Small Business Administration under section 301(c) or (d) of the Small Business Investment Act of 1958; any Rural Business Investment Company as defined in section 384A of the Consolidated Farm and Rural Development Act; any plan established and maintained by a state, its political subdivisions, or any agency or instrumentality of a state or its political subdivisions, for the benefit of its employees, if such plan has total assets in excess of $5,000,000; any employee benefit plan within the meaning of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 if the investment decision is made by a plan fiduciary, as defined in section 3(21) of such act, which is either a bank, savings and loan association, insurance company, or registered investment adviser, or if the employee benefit plan has total assets in excess of $5,000,000 or, if a self-directed plan, with investment decisions made solely by persons that are accredited investors;
(2) Any private business development company as defined in section 202(a)(22) of the Investment Advisers Act of 1940;
(3) Any organization described in section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code, corporation, Massachusetts or similar business trust, or partnership, or limited liability company, not formed for the specific purpose of acquiring the securities offered, with total assets in excess of $5,000,000;
(4) Any director, executive officer, or general partner of the issuer of the securities being offered or sold, or any director, executive officer, or general partner of a general partner of that issuer;
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(5) Any natural person whose individual net worth, or joint net worth with that person's spouse or spousal equivalent, exceeds $1,000,000.
(i) Except as provided in paragraph (5)(ii) of this section, for purposes of calculating net worth under this paragraph (5):
(A) The person's primary residence shall not be included as an asset;
(B) Indebtedness that is secured by the person's primary residence, up to the estimated fair market value of the primary residence at the time of the sale of securities, shall not be included as a liability (except that if the amount of such indebtedness outstanding at the time of sale of securities exceeds the amount outstanding 60 days before such time, other than as a result of the acquisition of the primary residence, the amount of such excess shall be included as a liability); and
(C) Indebtedness that is secured by the person's primary residence in excess of the estimated fair market value of the primary residence at the time of the sale of securities shall be included as a liability;
(ii) Paragraph (5)(i) of this section will not apply to any calculation of a person's net worth made in connection with a purchase of securities in accordance with a right to purchase such securities, provided that:
(A) Such right was held by the person on July 20, 2010;
(B) The person qualified as an accredited investor on the basis of net worth at the time the person acquired such right; and
(C) The person held securities of the same issuer, other than such right, on July 20, 2010.
(6) Any natural person who had an individual income in excess of $200,000 in each of the two most recent years or joint income with that person's spouse or spousal equivalent in excess of $300,000 in each of those years and has a reasonable expectation of reaching the same income level in the current year;
(7) Any trust, with total assets in excess of $5,000,000, not formed for the specific purpose of acquiring the securities offered, whose purchase is directed by a sophisticated person as described in §230.506(b)(2)(ii);
(8) Any entity in which all of the equity owners are accredited investors;
(9) Any entity, of a type of not listed in paragraphs (1), (2), (3), (7), or (8), not formed for the specific purpose of acquiring the securities offered, owning investments in excess of $5,000,000;
(10) Any natural person holding in good standing one or more professional certifications or designations or credentials from an accredited educational institution that the Commission has designated as qualifying an individual for accredited investor status;
(11) Any natural person who is a “knowledgeable employee,” as defined in rule 3c-5(a)(4) under the Investment Company Act of 1940 (17 CFR 270.3c-5(a)(4)), of the issuer of the securities being offered or sold where the issuer would be an investment company, as defined in section 3 of such act, but for the exclusion provided by either section 3(c)(1) or section 3(c)(7) of such act;
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(12) Any “family office,” as defined in rule 202(a)(11)(G)-1 under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940 (17 CFR 275.202(a)(11)(G)-1):
(i) With assets under management in excess of $5,000,000,
(ii) That is not formed for the specific purpose of acquiring the securities offered, and
(iii) Whose prospective investment is directed by a person who has such knowledge and experience in financial and business matters that such family office is capable of evaluating the merits and risks of the prospective investment; and
(13) Any “family client,” as defined in rule 202(a)(11)(G)-1 under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940 (17 CFR 275.202(a)(11)(G)-1)), of a family office meeting the requirements in paragraph (12) of this section and whose prospective investment in the issuer is directed by such family office pursuant to paragraph (12)(iii).
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Exhibit 8.1

AMENDED AND RESTATED ESCROW AGREEMENT
This Amended and Restated Escrow Agreement (this “Agreement”) effective as of the effective date set forth on the signature page hereto (“Effective Date”), is entered into by the following:
| (i) | the issuer set forth on the signature page hereto (“Issuer”); and | |
| (ii) | the broker-dealer for Issuer’s offering set forth on the signature page hereto (“Manager”); and | |
| (iii) | North Capital Private Securities Corporation, a Delaware corporation, as the facilitator of escrow as set forth herein through the institution in Section 1(d) below as escrow agent (“NCPS”). |
For purposes of this Agreement: (a) the above parties other than and excluding NCPS are referred to herein as “Issuer Party”; (b) references to “Issuer Party” in this Agreement shall include references to each Issuer Party individually, together and collectively, jointly and severally; and (c) Issuer Party, collectively with NCPS, are referred to herein as the “Parties” and each, a “Party”.
The following Exhibits are incorporated by reference into this Agreement:
Exhibit A – Contingent Offering (if applicable)
Exhibit B – Fees and Expenses
Recitals
| A. | Effective as of the Effective Date, this Agreement amends and restates that certain Escrow Agreement (“Prior Agreement”), dated as of July 25, 2022, by and among NCPS, Issuer and Castle Placement, LLC as Manager (“Prior Manager”), to replace Prior Manager with Dalmore Group LLC as Manager. With respect to all of Issuer Party’s obligations, duties, liabilities and commitments under the Prior Agreement, such obligations, duties, liabilities and commitments survive the amendment and restatement of the Prior Agreement by this Agreement. |
| B. | NCPS is a broker-dealer registered with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) and a member of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc. (“FINRA”) and the Securities Investor Protection Corporation (“SIPC”). |
| C. | Issuer Party is engaging NCPS to serve as the facilitator of escrow as set forth herein through the institution in Section 1(d) below as escrow agent in connection with Issuer’s sale of debt, equity or hybrid securities (“Securities”) in an offering exempt from registration under the U.S. Securities Act of 1933, as amended (“Securities Act”), pursuant to Rule 506(b) of Regulation D, 506(c) of Regulation D, Regulation A or Regulation Crowdfunding, as indicated on the signature page hereto (“Offering”). |
| D. | In accordance with the private placement memorandum, offering memorandum, Form 1-A or Form C applicable to the Offering provided by Issuer Party for dissemination to investors in connection with the Offering (“Offering Document”), subscribers to the Securities (“Subscribers”) will be required to submit full payment for their respective investments at the time they enter into subscription agreements. |
| E. | In accordance with the Offering Document, all payments by Subscribers subscribing for Securities required to be held in escrow shall be sent directly to NCPS as the facilitator of escrow as set forth herein through the institution in Section 1(d) below as escrow agent, and NCPS by this Agreement agrees to accept, hold and promptly disburse or transmit such funds deposited with it with respect thereto (“Escrow Funds”) in accordance with the terms of this Agreement and in compliance with Rule 15c2-4 of the U.S. Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (“Exchange Act”), and in the case of an Offering pursuant to Regulation Crowdfunding, Regulation Crowdfunding Rule 303(e), as applicable, and related SEC guidance and FINRA rules. |
| F. | If the Offering is being made by Issuer on an “all-or-none” basis or on any other basis that contemplates payments to be made to Issuer only upon the occurrence of some further event or contingency as set forth in Exhibit A, as applicable, NCPS will promptly deposit any and all Escrow Funds NCPS receives into a separate bank escrow account as set forth in Section 1(d) below, for the persons or entities with a beneficial interest therein, until the appropriate event or contingency has occurred, at which time the Escrow Funds will be promptly transmitted to Issuer, else promptly returned to the persons or entities entitled thereto pursuant to Section 3 and 4 below. |
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| G. | NCPS will be a participant in the Offering for the limited purpose of facilitating escrow described in this Agreement, and if required by an Offering pursuant to Regulation Crowdfunding, NCPS will be the “qualified third party”, as defined in Regulation Crowdfunding Rule 303(e)(2). NCPS accepts no other role and assumes no other responsibilities related to the Offering, such as managing broker-dealer, placement agent, selling group member or referring broker-dealer, unless and until the roles and responsibilities are expressly delineated in a separately executed placement, managing broker, selling or referral agreement, as the case may be, if any. |
In consideration of the mutual representations, warranties and covenants contained in this Agreement, the Parties, intending to incorporate the foregoing Recitals into this Agreement and to be legally bound, agree as follows:
Agreement
1. Definitions. Capitalized terms used in this Agreement and not otherwise defined above or elsewhere in this Agreement shall have the meanings as set forth below:
| (a) | “ACH” means Automated Clearing House. |
| (b) | “Business Day” means a calendar day other than Saturday, Sunday or any public holiday when banks are closed for business in Delaware, Pennsylvania or Utah. |
| (c) | “Cash Investment” means an amount in US Dollars equal to (i) the number of Securities to be purchased by a Subscriber, multiplied by (ii) the offering price per Security as set forth in the Offering Document. |
| (d) | “Cash Investment Instrument” means, in full payment of the Cash Investment for the Securities to be purchased by a Subscriber, a check, money order or similar instrument made payable by Subscriber to the order of or endorsed to the order of: |
NCPS at TriState Capital Bank/ CalTier Fund I LP / - Escrow Account
(Offering Name*) (Subscriber Name**)
or wire transfer or ACH transmitted by Subscriber to the following account (“Escrow Account”):
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Institution:
TriState Capital Bank ABA: Account Name: North Capital Private Securities Corporation Account Number: |
For Further Credit To: CalTier Fund I LP________
(Offering Name*)
________________________
(Subscriber Name**)
or, if applicable to the Offering, funds transmission by credit or debit card or ACH through and subject to the terms and conditions of NCPS’s payment processing facilitation services; all instruments of payment must be payable to the institution as set forth above as escrow agent until any applicable minimum contingency requirement is met.
*Offering Name as set forth on the signature page hereto.
**Subscriber Name as completed by Subscriber.
| (e) | “Expiration Date” means 12 months from the Effective Date, unless mutually extended by the Parties in writing (which may be via email). |
| (f) | “Instruction Letter” means written instructions in a form acceptable to NCPS and executed by Issuer Party with Issuer Party directing NCPS to promptly disburse the Escrow Funds to Issuer pursuant to Section 4(a). |
| (g) | “Minimum Offering” has the meaning as set forth on the signature page hereto. |
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| (h) | “Minimum Offering Notice” means, if applicable to an Offering, a written notification in a form acceptable to NCPS and signed by Issuer Party with Issuer Party representing to NCPS that: (i) subscriptions for at least the Minimum Offering have been received by Issuer; (ii) to the best of Issuer Party’s knowledge after due inquiry and review of Issuer Party’s records, Cash Investment Instruments in full payment for that number of Securities equal to or greater than the Minimum Offering have been received, deposited with and collected by NCPS; (iii) such subscriptions have not been withdrawn, rejected or otherwise terminated; and (iv) Subscribers have no statutory or regulatory rights of rescission without cause or all such rights have expired. |
| (i) | “NACHA” means National Automated Clearing House Association. |
| (j) | “Subscription Accounting” means an accounting of all subscriptions for Securities received and accepted by Issuer Party as of the date of such accounting, indicating for each subscription Subscriber’s name and address, the number and total purchase price of subscribed Securities, the date of receipt by Issuer of the Cash Investment Instrument and notations of any nonpayment of the Cash Investment Instrument submitted with such subscription, any withdrawal of such subscription by Subscriber, any rejection of such subscription by Issuer Party or other termination, for whatever reason, of such subscription. |
2. Appointment of Facilitator of Escrow. Issuer Party hereby appoints NCPS to serve as the facilitator of escrow as set forth herein through the institution in Section 1(d) as escrow agent, and NCPS hereby accepts such appointment, in accordance with the terms of this Agreement. Issuer Party shall take all necessary steps to assure that all funds necessary to consummate the Offering and required by the Offering Document or Law (as defined below) to be deposited into the Escrow Account are deposited in the Escrow Account. Issuer Party shall not receive interest on the Escrow Funds and the Escrow Account shall be a non-interest bearing account as to Issuer Party.
3. Deposits into Escrow Account.
(a) Issuer Party shall direct Subscribers to, and Subscribers shall, directly deliver to NCPS all Cash Investment Instruments for deposit in the Escrow Account as required by the Offering Document or Law, which shall be deposited into the Escrow Account. Any other Cash Investment Instruments transmitted to NCPS in respect of the Offering shall be deposited into the Escrow Account. Each such direction shall be accompanied by a Subscription Accounting.
ALL FUNDS DEPOSITED INTO THE ESCROW ACCOUNT PURSUANT TO THIS SECTION 3 SHALL REMAIN THE PROPERTY OF EACH SUBSCRIBER ACCORDING TO SUCH SUBSCRIBER’S INTEREST AND SHALL NOT BE SUBJECT TO ANY LIEN OR CHARGE BY NCPS, THE INSTITUTION IN SECTION 1(D) OR BY JUDGMENT OR CREDITORS’ CLAIMS AGAINST ISSUER PARTY UNTIL ELIGIBLE TO BE RELEASED TO ISSUER IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION 4(a). IF ESCROW IS REQUIRED BY THE OFFERING DOCUMENT OR LAW, ISSUER PARTY SHALL NOT RECEIVE CASH INVESTMENT INSTRUMENTS DIRECTLY FROM SUBSCRIBERS.
(b) Issuer Party understands and agrees that all Cash Investment Instruments received by NCPS pursuant to this Agreement are subject to collection requirements of presentment, clearing and final payment, and that the funds represented thereby cannot be drawn upon or disbursed until such time as final payment has been made and is no longer subject to dishonor. NCPS shall process each Cash Investment Instrument for collection promptly upon receipt, and the proceeds thereof shall be held as part of the Escrow Funds until disbursed in accordance with Section 4. If, upon presentment for payment, any Cash Investment Instrument is dishonored, NCPS’s sole obligation shall be to notify Issuer Party of such dishonor and, if applicable, to promptly return such Cash Investment Instrument to Subscriber. Notwithstanding, if for any reason any Cash Investment Instrument is uncollectible after payment or disbursement of the funds represented thereby has been made by NCPS, Issuer Party shall immediately reimburse NCPS upon receipt from NCPS of written notice thereof, including, without limitation, any fees or expenses with respect thereto, which NCPS may collect from Issuer Party pursuant to Section 10.
(c) Upon receipt of any Cash Investment Instrument that represents payment of an amount less than or greater than the Cash Investment, NCPS’s sole obligation shall be to notify Issuer Party, depending upon the source of the Cash Investment Instrument, of such fact and to pay to Subscriber by the same method the amount of the Cash Investment received by NCPS from such Subscriber or promptly return to Subscriber such Subscriber’s Cash Investment Instrument upon receipt from Subscriber of any required payment instructions; provided that amounts in excess of $25,000 will be returned via wire transfer upon confirmation by NCPS of Subscriber’s account information.
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(d) NCPS shall not be obligated to accept, or present for payment, any Cash Investment Instrument that is not properly made payable or endorsed as set forth in Section 1(d).
(e) Issuer Party shall, or cause Subscriber to, provide NCPS with information sufficient to effect such return to Subscriber as outlined in this Section 3, including, without limitation, updated payment information in the event a return to Subscriber for any reason cannot be made by the same method as received by NCPS.
(f) In the event any party other than NCPS receives a Cash Investment Instrument required by the Offering Document or Law to be deposited into escrow, Issuer Party agrees to promptly, and in no event later than one Business Day after receipt, deliver or cause to be delivered such Cash Investment Instrument to NCPS for deposit into the Escrow Account.
| 4. | Disbursement of Escrow Funds. |
(a) Subject to Section 3(b) and Section 10, NCPS shall promptly disburse in accordance with the Instruction Letter the liquidated value of the Escrow Funds from the Escrow Account to Issuer by wire transfer (or by method as otherwise agreed by NCPS) no later than one Business Day following receipt of the following documents:
| (i) | Minimum Offering Notice; |
| (ii) | Subscription Accounting substantiating the fulfillment of the Minimum Offering; |
| (iii) | Instruction Letter; and |
| (iv) | such other certificates, notices or other documents as NCPS may reasonably require; |
provided that NCPS shall not be obligated to disburse the liquidated value of the Escrow Funds to Issuer if NCPS has reason to believe that (A) Cash Investment Instruments in full payment for that number of Securities equal to or greater than the Minimum Offering have not been received, deposited with and collected by NCPS, or (B) any of the information or the certifications, representations, warranties or opinions set forth in the Minimum Offering Notice, Subscription Accounting, Instruction Letter or other certificates, notices or other documents are incorrect or incomplete. Once the Minimum Offering contingency has been met and after the initial disbursement of Escrow Funds to Issuer pursuant to this Section 4(a), subject to Section 3(b) and Section 10, NCPS shall promptly disburse any additional funds received with respect to the Securities to Issuer by wire transfer (or by method as otherwise agreed by NCPS) no later than one Business Day after NCPS receives (1) Issuer’s request for closing via NCPS’s online portal, (2) Issuer’s written verification that the subscriptions therefor are in good order and (3) a notice and instruction letter including notifications, confirmations, representations and warranties, as applicable, as set forth in the Minimum Offering Notice, Subscription Accounting, Instruction Letter.
Any ACH transaction must comply with all applicable laws, rules, regulations, codes and orders of applicable governmental, regulatory, judicial and law enforcement authorities and self-regulatory authorities (collectively, “Law”), including, without limitation, NACHA’s operating rules that apply to the ACH network as in effect from time to time. NCPS is not responsible for errors in the completion, accuracy or timeliness of any transfer properly initiated by NCPS in accordance with joint written instructions occasioned by the acts or omissions of any third party financial institution or a party to the transaction, or the insufficiency or lack of availability of funds on deposit in any account.
NOTWITHSTANDING ANY REFERENCE HEREIN TO THE REQUIREMENT OF A PROMPT DISTRIBUTION OR RETURN OF A CASH INVESTMENT, OR A DISTRIBUTION OR RETURN OF A CASH INVESTMENT TO BE MADE WITHIN A PARTICULAR NUMBER OF DAYS, FOR PURPOSES OF FULFILLING RETURNS IN SECTION 3 ABOVE AND THIS SECTION 4, NCPS SHALL NOT BE REQUIRED TO PROCESS A RETURN OF A PAYMENT OF A CASH INVESTMENT MADE BY A SUBSCRIBER VIA ACH AS THE CASH INVESTMENT INSTRUMENT (“ACH SUBSCRIBER”) UNTIL THE EXPIRATION OF ANY DISPUTE, CHARGEBACK, REVERSAL OR RETURN PERIOD UNDER THE NACHA RULES, TYPICALLY 60 DAYS. ISSUER PARTY SHALL INFORM ACH SUBSCRIBERS OF THE TIMING OF RETURNS AS PART OF ISSUER PARTY’S SUBSCRIPTION PROCESS.
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(b) No later than three Business Days after receipt from Subscriber of any required payment instructions and receipt by NCPS of written notice: (i) from Issuer Party that Issuer Party intends to reject a Subscriber’s subscription; (ii) from Issuer Party that there will be no closing of the sale of Securities to Subscribers; (iii) from any federal or state regulatory authority that any application by Issuer to conduct banking business has been denied; or (iv) from the SEC or any other federal or state regulatory authority that a stop or similar order has been issued with respect to the Offering Document and has remained in effect for at least 20 days, NCPS shall pay to such Subscriber in (i) and each Subscriber in (ii)-(iv) by the same method the amount of the Cash Investment received by NCPS from such Subscriber or promptly return to Subscriber such Subscriber’s Cash Investment Instrument; provided that amounts in excess of $25,000 will be returned via wire transfer upon confirmation by NCPS of Subscriber’s account information.
(c) Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained herein, if NCPS shall not have received an Instruction Letter and a Minimum Offering Notice (as applicable to the Offering) on or before the Expiration Date or the Termination Date (as defined below), subject to Section 5, NCPS shall, within three Business Days after such Expiration Date or Termination Date and receipt from Subscriber of any required payment instructions, and without any further instruction or direction from Issuer Party, pay to each Subscriber by the same method the amount of the Cash Investment received by NCPS from such Subscriber or promptly return to Subscriber such Subscriber’s Cash Investment Instrument; provided that amounts in excess of $25,000 will be returned via wire transfer upon confirmation by NCPS of Subscriber’s account information. For purposes of this Agreement, “Termination Date” means, if the Offering is a contingent Offering, the date on which the minimum offering contingencies are required to have been met, as such date may be amended as provided in the Offering Document.
(d) Issuer Party shall, or cause Subscriber to, provide NCPS with information sufficient to effect such payment or return to Subscriber as outlined in this Section 4, including, without limitation, updated payment information in the event a payment or return to Subscriber for any reason cannot be made by the same method as received by NCPS.
5. Suspension of Performance or Disbursement Into Court. If, at any time, (a) there shall exist any dispute between Issuer Party, NCPS, any Subscriber or any other person with respect to the holding or disposition of all or any portion of the Escrow Funds or any other obligations of NCPS hereunder, or (b) NCPS is unable to determine, to NCPS’s reasonable satisfaction, the proper disposition of all or any portion of the Escrow Funds or NCPS’s proper actions with respect to its obligations hereunder, or (c) Issuer Party has not within 30 days of NCPS’s notice of resignation pursuant to Section 7 appointed a successor provider of escrow services or agent to act hereunder, then NCPS may, in its reasonable discretion, take either or both of the following actions: (i) suspend the performance of any of its obligations (including, without limitation, any disbursement obligations) under this Agreement until such dispute or uncertainty shall be resolved to the sole satisfaction of NCPS or until a successor provider of escrow services or agent shall have been appointed (as the case may be); or (ii) petition (by means of an interpleader action or any other appropriate method) any court of competent jurisdiction in any venue convenient to NCPS, for instructions with respect to such dispute or uncertainty, and to the extent required or permitted by Law, pay into such court all funds held by it in the Escrow Funds for holding and disposition in accordance with the instructions of such court. NCPS shall have no liability to Issuer Party, any Subscriber or any other person with respect to any such suspension of performance or disbursement into court, specifically including any liability or claimed liability that may arise, or be alleged to have arisen, out of or as a result of any delay in the disbursement of the Escrow Funds or any delay in or with respect to any other action required or requested of NCPS.
6. No Commingling, Investment of Funds or Interest to Issuer Party. NCPS shall not: (a) commingle Escrow Funds received by it in escrow with funds of others that are not Escrow Funds, including funds received by NCPS in escrow in connection with any other offering of debt, equity or hybrid securities; or (b) invest such Escrow Funds. The Escrow Funds will be held in the Escrow Account, which shall not accrue interest in favor of Issuer Party or any Subscriber.
7. Resignation of NCPS. NCPS may resign and be discharged from the performance of its duties hereunder at any time by giving 30 days prior written notice to Issuer Party specifying a date when such resignation shall take effect. Upon any such notice of resignation, or upon any termination of this Agreement pursuant to Section 17, Issuer Party shall appoint a successor provider of escrow services or agent hereunder prior to the effective date of such resignation or termination. NCPS shall transmit all records pertaining to the Escrow Funds and shall pay all Escrow Funds to the successor provider of escrow services or agent, after making copies of such records as NCPS deems advisable. After NCPS’s resignation or the termination of this Agreement, as applicable, and the fulfillment of NCPS’s obligations with respect thereto, the provisions of this Agreement shall inure to its benefit as to any actions taken or omitted to be taken by it while it was the facilitator of escrow under this Agreement.
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| 8. | Role of NCPS as Facilitator of Escrow. |
(a) NCPS’s sole responsibility as a participant in the Offering under this Agreement is as the facilitator of escrow as set forth herein through the institution in Section 1(d) as escrow agent to facilitate the safekeeping with, and disbursement by, the escrow agent of the Escrow Funds, in accordance with the terms hereto. NCPS shall have no implied duties or obligations and shall not be charged with knowledge or notice of any fact or circumstance not specifically set forth herein. NCPS may rely upon any notice, instruction, request or other instrument, not only as to its due execution, validity and effectiveness, but also as to the truth and accuracy of any information contained therein, which NCPS shall believe to be genuine and to have been signed or presented by the person or parties purporting to sign the same. NCPS shall not be liable for any action taken or omitted by it in good faith except to the extent that a court of competent jurisdiction determines by final unappealed or non-appealable order pursuant to Section 20(a) that NCPS’s fraud, willful misconduct or gross negligence was the primary cause of any Losses (as defined below) to Issuer Party (“Ineligible Losses”).
(b) NCPS shall not be obligated to take any legal action or commence any proceeding in connection with the Escrow Funds, any account in which Escrow Funds are deposited, this Agreement or the Offering Document, or to appear in, prosecute or defend any such legal action or proceeding.
(c) NCPS shall have no liability under and no duty to inquire as to the provisions of any agreement other than this Agreement, including, without limitation, the Offering Document. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, NCPS shall not be responsible for or required to enforce any of the terms or conditions of any subscription agreement with any Subscriber or any other agreement between Issuer Party or any Subscriber. NCPS shall not be responsible or liable in any manner for the performance by Issuer or any Subscriber of their respective obligations under any subscription agreement nor shall NCPS be responsible or liable in any manner for the failure of Issuer Party or any third party (including any Subscriber) to honor any of the provisions of this Agreement.
(d) NCPS is authorized, in its sole discretion, to comply with orders issued or process entered by any court with respect to the Escrow Funds, without determination by NCPS of such court’s jurisdiction in the matter. If any portion of the Escrow Funds is at any time attached, garnished or levied upon under any court order, or in case the payment, assignment, transfer, conveyance or delivery of any such property shall be stayed or enjoined by any court order, or in case any order, judgment or decree shall be made or entered by any court affecting such property or any part thereof, then and in any such event, NCPS is authorized, in its reasonable discretion, to rely upon and comply with any such order, writ, judgment or decree which it is advised by legal counsel selected by it is binding upon it without the need for appeal or other action; and if NCPS complies with any such order, writ, judgment or decree, it shall not be liable to any of the parties hereto or to any other person or entity by reason of such compliance even though such order, writ, judgment or decree may be subsequently reversed, modified, annulled, set aside or vacated. Notwithstanding the foregoing, to the extent legally permissible, NCPS shall provide Issuer Party with prompt notice of any such court order or similar demand and the opportunity to interpose an objection or obtain a protective order.
(e) NCPS may consult legal counsel selected by it in the event of any dispute or question as to the construction of any of the provisions hereof or of any other agreement or of its duties hereunder, or relating to any dispute involving any party hereto, and shall incur no liability and shall be fully indemnified from any liability whatsoever in acting in accordance with the opinion or instruction of such counsel. Issuer Party shall promptly pay, upon demand, the reasonable fees and expenses of any such counsel. NCPS will use reasonable efforts to provide Issuer Party with written notice prior to incurring fees and expenses of counsel pursuant to this Section 8(e).
(f) By this Agreement, Subscribers are not customers of NCPS and NCPS shall have no obligation to determine a Subscriber’s suitability to participate in the Offering, whether the Offering complies with Law, verify a Subscriber’s identity or perform anti-money laundering, know your customer or other due diligence, such responsibilities being obligations of Issuer Party or Issuer Party’s agents. Notwithstanding, NCPS may ask Issuer Party to provide, and Issuer Party shall provide promptly upon NCPS’s request, certain information about Subscribers, including, but not limited to, name, physical address, tax identification number, organizational documents, certificates of good standing, financial statements, licenses to do business and other information that will help NCPS to identify and verify a Subscriber’s identity. Any further participation by NCPS in the Offering (if any) other than to facilitate escrow as set forth in this Agreement shall be governed by separate agreement.
(g) NCPS makes no representation, warranty or covenant as to the compliance of any transaction related to the escrow with any Law. NCPS shall not be responsible for the application or use of any funds released from the Escrow Account pursuant to this Agreement.
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| 9. | Indemnification of NCPS. |
(a) Issuer Party (including Issuer Party’s affiliates, collectively, the “Indemnifying Party”) agrees (and agrees to cause the other Indemnifying Parties) jointly and severally and at their own cost and expense to release, indemnify, defend and hold harmless NCPS and its affiliates and their respective directors, officers, employees, agents, representatives, advisors and consultants, and their respective successors and assigns (each, an “NCPS Parties”), to the fullest extent permitted by Law, from and against (and no NCPS Party shall be liable for) any Losses, joint or several, in connection with all actions (including equity owner actions), claims, disputes, inquiries, indemnification, proceedings, investigations and other legal process regardless of the source (including NCPS Parties) (collectively, “Actions”) arising out of or relating to the offering of securities, this Agreement, the provision of NCPS’s services hereunder or the engagement of NCPS hereunder (including, without limitation, any breach or alleged breach of this Agreement or any representation, warranty or covenant herein, any breach or alleged breach of Law or any rejection of a Cash Investment, or the suspension of performance or disbursement into court pursuant to Section 5), and will reimburse NCPS Parties for all expenses (including attorneys’ fees) as they are incurred by NCPS Parties in connection with investigating, preparing, defending or appearing as a third party witness in connection with any such Action whether or not related to a pending or threatened Action in which NCPS is a party. Notwithstanding, Issuer Party will not be responsible for any Ineligible Losses, and NCPS agrees to immediately refund any indemnification payments made to an NCPS Party upon such determination. “Losses” means any and all losses, damages, liabilities, deficiencies, claims, actions, judgments, settlements, interest, awards, penalties, fines, costs or expenses of whatever kind, including, without limitation, reasonable attorneys’ fees, the costs of enforcing any right hereunder, the costs of pursuing any insurance providers, the costs of collection and the costs of defending against or appearing as a witness, whether direct, indirect, consequential or otherwise. Indemnifying Parties shall pay to NCPS Parties all amounts due under this Section 9 promptly after written demand therefor.
(b) Promptly after the receipt by any NCPS Party of notice of the commencement of any Action, NCPS shall, if a claim with respect thereto is or may be made against the Indemnifying Party, give the Indemnifying Party written notice of the commencement of such Action. The failure to give such notice shall not relieve any Indemnifying Party of any of its indemnification obligations, except where, and solely to the extent that, such failure actually and materially prejudices the rights of such Indemnifying Party. With respect to any Action in which a NCPS Party may be entitled to indemnification under this Agreement, the Indemnifying Party may by written notice to NCPS request to assume the defense of any such Action with counsel reasonably satisfactory to the NCPS Party. If NCPS agrees to the assumption by the Indemnifying Party of the defense of any such Action, the NCPS Party shall have the right to participate in such Action and to retain its own counsel, but the Indemnifying Party shall not be liable for any fees or expenses of other counsel subsequently incurred by such NCPS Party in connection with the defense thereof unless: (i) the Indemnifying Party has agreed to pay such fees and expenses; (ii) the Indemnifying Party shall have failed to employ counsel reasonably satisfactory to the NCPS Party in a timely manner; or (iii) the NCPS Party shall have been advised by counsel that there are actual or potential conflicting interests between the Indemnifying Party and the NCPS Party, including situations in which there are one or more legal defenses available to the NCPS Party that are different from or additional to those available to the Indemnifying Party. No Indemnifying Party shall settle any Action on behalf of a NCPS Party without the prior written consent of such NCPS Party.
(c) In the event NCPS performs any service not specifically provided hereinabove, or that there is any assignment or attachment of any interest in the subject matter of this escrow or any modification thereof, or that any controversy arises hereunder, or that NCPS is made a party to, or intervenes in, any dispute pertaining to this escrow or the subject matter hereof, NCPS shall be reasonably compensated therefor and reimbursed for all costs and expenses occasioned thereby; and Issuer Party hereto agree jointly and severally to pay the same and to jointly and severally and at their own cost and expense release, indemnify, defend and hold harmless the NCPS Parties pursuant to subsection (a) above, it being understood and agreed that NCPS may interplead the subject matter of this escrow into any court of competent jurisdiction, and the act of such interpleader shall immediately relieve NCPS of any duties, liabilities or responsibilities.
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(d) For the sole purpose of enforcing and otherwise giving effect to the provisions of this Section 9, Issuer Party hereby consents to personal jurisdiction and service and venue in any court in which any claim that is subject to this Agreement is brought against any NCPS Party.
(e) If an Action is commenced or threatened and is ultimately settled, Issuer Party shall use its commercially reasonable efforts to cause NCPS and the other NCPS Parties, by name or description, to be included in any release or settlement agreement, whether or not NCPS and the other NCPS Parties are named as defendants in such Action.
| 10. | Compensation to NCPS. |
(a) Issuer Party shall pay or cause to be paid to NCPS for its services as the facilitator of escrow as outlined in Exhibit B, which may be updated from time to time by NCPS by providing written notice to Issuer Party. Issuer Party’s obligation to pay such fees to NCPS and reimburse NCPS for such expenses is not conditioned upon a successful closing. Upon Issuer Party’s request, NCPS will provide Issuer Party with copies of all relevant invoices, receipts or other evidence of such expenses. The obligations of Issuer Party under this Section 10 shall survive any termination of this Agreement and the resignation or removal of NCPS.
(b) All of the compensation and reimbursement obligations shall be payable by Issuer Party upon demand by NCPS and will be charged automatically by NCPS to the credit card or other payment method separately provided or as otherwise agreed by the Parties. Issuer Party consents to NCPS retaining and using Issuer Party’s payment information for future invoices and as provided in this Agreement. Issuer Party agrees and acknowledges that NCPS and its third party vendors may retain and use Issuer Party’s payment information to facilitate the payments provided for in this Agreement. Issuer Party agrees to provide NCPS written notice (which may be via email) of any update or changes to Issuer Party’s payment information. Absent current payment information, Issuer Party shall make, or cause to be made, all payments to NCPS within 10 days of receiving an invoice therefor. All payments made to NCPS shall be in US dollars in immediately available funds.
(c) If Issuer Party fails to make any payment when due then, in addition to all other remedies that may be available: (a) NCPS may charge interest on the past due amount at the rate of 1.5% per month, calculated daily and compounded monthly, or if lower, the highest rate permitted under Law, which Issuer Party shall pay; such interest may accrue after as well as before any judgment relating to collection of the amount due; and (b) Issuer Party shall reimburse, or cause to be reimbursed, NCPS for all costs incurred by NCPS in collecting any late payments or interest, including attorneys’ fees, court costs and collection agency fees; provided that cumulative late payments are subject to the overall limits as may be required by Law as set forth in Exhibit B.
(d) Only upon the fulfillment of the Minimum Offering, and only when Escrow Funds are eligible to be released to Issuer in accordance with Section 4(a), and otherwise in compliance with Law, NCPS is authorized to and may disburse from time to time, to itself or to any NCPS Party from the Escrow Funds (but only to the extent of Issuer’s rights thereto), the amount of any compensation and reimbursement of out-of-pocket expenses due and payable hereunder (including any amount to which NCPS or any NCPS Party is entitled to seek indemnification pursuant to Section 9 hereof). NCPS shall notify Issuer Party in advance of any disbursement from the Escrow Funds to itself or to any NCPS Party in respect of any compensation or reimbursement hereunder and shall furnish to Issuer copies of all related invoices and other statements.
(e) Only upon the fulfillment of the Minimum Offering, and only when Escrow Funds are eligible to be released to Issuer in accordance with Section 4(a), and otherwise in compliance with Law, Issuer shall grant to NCPS and the NCPS Parties a security interest in and lien upon such Escrow Funds (but only to the extent of Issuer’s rights thereto) to secure all obligations hereunder, and NCPS and the NCPS Parties shall have the right to offset the amount of any compensation or reimbursement due any of them hereunder (including any claim for indemnification pursuant to Section 9 hereof) against the Escrow Funds (but only to the extent of Issuer’s rights thereto). If for any reason the Escrow Funds available to NCPS and the NCPS Parties pursuant to such security interest or right of offset are insufficient to cover such compensation and reimbursement, Issuer Party shall promptly pay such amounts to NCPS and the NCPS Parties upon receipt of an itemized invoice.
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| 11. | Representations and Warranties. |
(a) Issuer Party jointly and severally represents, warrants and covenants to NCPS as of the Effective Date and at all times during the Term, including, without limitation, at the time of any deposit to or disbursement from the Escrow Funds:
(i) Issuer Party is an entity duly organized, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the state where it was formed. Issuer Party has all requisite power and authority to own those properties and conduct those businesses presently owned or conducted by it. Issuer Party is duly qualified and properly licensed and registered to do business and is in good standing in all jurisdictions in which its ownership of property or the character of its business requires such qualification, licensure or registration, except where the failure to do so would not have a material adverse effect on Issuer Party or Issuer Party’s business.
(ii) Manager is a broker-dealer registered with the SEC and a member of FINRA and SIPC. Manager has implemented, and complies with, a written know-your-customer (KYC) and anti-money laundering (AML) compliance program reasonably designed to comply with the applicable requirements of the USA PATRIOT Act and Bank Secrecy Act and the implementing regulations promulgated thereunder, including policies that could be reasonably expected to detect and cause the reporting of suspicious transactions (“Requirements”). Manager maintains in its files documentation supporting these representations and warranties as required by the Requirements, and shall make such information available to NCPS upon reasonable request.
(iii) Issuer Party has full power and authority to enter into and perform this Agreement. This Agreement has been duly executed by Issuer Party and constitutes the legal, valid, binding, and enforceable obligation of Issuer Party, enforceable against Issuer Party in accordance with its terms. The execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement does not and will not: (A) conflict with or violate any of the terms of any organizational or governance document, stakeholder agreement, any court order or administrative ruling or decree to which it is a party or any of its property is subject, any agreement, contract, indenture, or other binding arrangement to which it is a party or any of its property is subject or any Law; or (B) conflict with, or result in a breach or termination of any of the terms of, or result in the acceleration of any indebtedness or obligations under, any agreement, obligation or instrument by which Issuer Party is bound or to which any property of Issuer Party is subject, or constitute a default thereunder. The execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement is consistent with and accurately described in the Offering Document as set forth in Section 4(b) and Section 4(c) and has been properly described therein.
(iv) Issuer Party acknowledges that the status of NCPS is that of agent only for the limited purposes set forth herein to facilitate escrow as set forth herein through the institution in Section 1(d) as escrow agent, and if required by an Offering pursuant to Regulation Crowdfunding, NCPS will be the “qualified third party”, as defined in Regulation Crowdfunding Rule 303(e)(2), and hereby represents and covenants that no representation or implication shall be made that NCPS has investigated the desirability or advisability of investment in the Securities or has approved, endorsed or passed upon the merits of the investment therein and that the name of NCPS has not and shall not be used in any manner in connection with the offer or sale of the Securities other than to state that NCPS has agreed to serve as the facilitator of escrow for the limited purposes set forth herein. Issuer Party shall comply with all Law in connection with the offering of the Securities. By this Agreement, NCPS accepts no other role and assumes no other responsibilities related to the Offering, including, without limitation, managing broker-dealer, placement agent, selling group member or referring broker-dealer.
(v) Issuer Party has the obligation to, and shall, determine a Subscriber’s suitability to participate in the Offering, make sure the Offering complies with Law and the Offering Document, verify a Subscriber’s identity and perform anti-money laundering, know your customer and any other due diligence in connection with the transactions contemplated by the Offering. The Offering and any offer or sale in the Offering complies with or is exempt from all applicable registrations or qualification requirements, including, without limitation, those of the SEC or state securities regulatory authorities.
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(vi) No person or entity other than the Parties and the prospective Subscribers have, or shall have, any lien, claim or security interest in the Escrow Funds or any part thereof. No financing statement under the Uniform Commercial Code is on file in any jurisdiction claiming a security interest in or describing (whether specifically or generally) the Escrow Funds or any part thereof.
(vii) Any deposit with NCPS by Subscriber and/or Issuer Party of Cash Investment Instruments pursuant to Section 3 shall be deemed a representation and warranty by Issuer Party that such Cash Investment Instrument represents a bona fide sale to such Subscriber of the amount of Securities set forth therein in accordance with the terms of the Offering Document.
(viii) In the event Issuer is a Series LLC and/or a series of a Series LLC, Issuer Party shall allocate and/or cause to be allocated any disbursement of Escrow Funds under this Agreement to the appropriate series, and perform any reporting and sub-accounting, all as required by and in compliance with Law and the Offering Document.
(ix) To the extent Issuer Party will be sharing personal or financial information of a third party with NCPS in connection with this Agreement, Issuer Party shall maintain and obtain the agreement of each such third party, which shall permit the sharing of such third party’s information with NCPS and its affiliates and service providers for NCPS and its affiliates and service providers to use, disclose and retain it in connection with this Agreement and the provision of the services hereunder and as required by Law. NCPS shall be a third party beneficiary to such agreement.
(x) Issuer Party’s representations, warranties and covenants are continuing and deemed to be reaffirmed each time Issuer Party provides NCPS with any instructions in connection with the Escrow Account. Issuer Party shall immediately notify NCPS if any representation, warranty or covenant ceases to be true, correct, accurate and complete.
(xi) Issuer Party shall provide NCPS with immediate notice of any Action (as defined above), threatened Action or facts or circumstances that could lead to any Action involving any NCPS Party, the escrow agent or this Agreement.
(b) NCPS represents, warrants and covenants to Issuer Party as of the Effective Date and at all times during the Term, including, without limitation, at the time of any deposit to or disbursement from the Escrow Funds:
(i) NCPS is an entity duly organized, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the State of Delaware. NCPS is a broker-dealer registered with the SEC and a member of FINRA and SIPC. NCPS is duly qualified and properly licensed and registered to do business and is in good standing in all jurisdictions in which its obligations herein require such qualification, license or registration, except where the failure to do so would not have a material adverse effect on NCPS’s ability to perform its obligations under this Agreement.
(ii) NCPS has full power and authority to enter into and perform this Agreement. This Agreement has been duly executed by NCPS and constitutes the legal, valid, binding, and enforceable obligation of NCPS, enforceable against NCPS in accordance with its terms. NCPS shall comply with Law in all material respects in performing its obligations under this Agreement.
(iii) NCPS’s representations, warranties and covenants are continuing and deemed to be reaffirmed each time Issuer Party provides NCPS with any instructions in connection with the Escrow Account. NCPS shall promptly notify Issuer Party if any representation, warranty or covenant ceases to be true, correct, accurate and complete.
12. Disclaimer of Advice. Issuer Party is NCPS’s sole customer pursuant to this Agreement. By this Agreement, NCPS is not undertaking to provide any recommendations or advice to any party, including any Subscriber who may be a retail investor, in connection with any offering of securities, NCPS’s engagement hereunder or its provision of the services contemplated by this Agreement (including, without limitation, business, investment, solicitation, legal, accounting, regulatory or tax advice). Issuer Party understands that it will be solely responsible for ensuring that any offering and any sale of securities complies with all Law. Issuer Party acknowledges and agrees that it will rely on its own judgment in using NCPS’s services.
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13. Survival. Notwithstanding the expiration or termination of this Agreement or the resignation or removal of NCPS as the facilitator of escrow, the Parties shall continue to be bound by the provisions of this Agreement that reasonably require some action or forbearance (or are required to implement such action or forbearance) after such expiration or termination, including, but not limited to, those related to fees and expenses, indemnities, limitations of and exclusions to liability, warranties, choice of law, jurisdiction and dispute resolution and such provisions shall remain operative and in full force and effect and shall survive any disbursement of Escrow Funds and the expiration or termination of this Agreement. Except as the context otherwise requires, all representations, warranties and covenants of a Party contained in this Agreement shall be deemed to be representations, warranties and covenants during the Term, and such representations, warranties and covenants shall remain operative and in full force and effect and shall survive the sale of, and payment for, the securities and the expiration or termination of this Agreement to the extent required for the enforcement thereof.
14. Assignment. Except as provided in Section 17, no Party shall assign or otherwise transfer any of its rights, or delegate or otherwise transfer any of its obligations or performance, under this Agreement, in each case whether voluntarily, involuntarily, by operation of law or contract or otherwise, without each other Party’s prior written consent; provided NCPS may assign or otherwise transfer its rights, or delegate or otherwise transfer its obligations or performance, under this Agreement pursuant to Section 7 or to an affiliated provider of escrow services or agent without any other Party’s consent. Any purported assignment, delegation or transfer in violation of this Section 14 is void. Subject to this Section 14, this Agreement is binding upon and inures to the benefit of the Parties and their respective successors and permitted assigns irrespective of any change with regard to the name of or the personnel of any Party.
15. Entirety. This Agreement incorporates by reference NCPS’s and its affiliates’ data privacy policies and website terms of use, as posted on NCPS’s and its affiliates’ website from time to time, with which Issuer Party shall, and shall cause investors to, comply. This Agreement (including all exhibits, all schedules and NCPS’s and its affiliates’ data privacy policies and website terms of use) constitutes the sole and entire agreement between the Parties with respect to the acceptance, collection, holding, investment and disbursement of the Escrow Funds and sets forth in their entirety the obligations and duties of NCPS with respect to the Escrow Funds and supersedes and merges all prior and contemporaneous proposals, understandings, agreements, representations and warranties, both written and oral, between the Parties relating to such subject matter; provided that this Agreement shall not affect Issuer Party’s obligations, duties, liabilities and commitments under the Prior Agreement, such obligations, duties, liabilities and commitments survive the amendment and restatement of the Prior Agreement by this Agreement.
16. Amendment; Waiver. Except as set forth in Section 7, Section 14 and Section 22, no amendment to or modification of this Agreement will be effective unless it is in writing and signed by an authorized representative of each Party. No waiver by any Party of any of the provisions hereof shall be effective unless explicitly set forth in writing and signed by the Party so waiving. No failure to exercise, or delay in exercising, any rights, remedy, power or privilege arising from this Agreement shall operate or be construed as a waiver thereof; nor shall any single or partial exercise of any right, remedy, power or privilege hereunder preclude any other or further exercise thereof or the exercise of any other right, remedy, power or privilege.
| 17. | Term and Termination. |
(a) The term of this Agreement commences as of the Effective Date and, unless terminated earlier pursuant to any of this Agreement’s express provisions, will continue in effect until the first to occur of the final closing of the Offering and/or the disbursement of all amounts in the Escrow Funds or deposit of all amounts in the Escrow Funds into court pursuant to Section 5 or Section 8 hereof (“Term”), at which time this Agreement shall terminate and NCPS shall have no further obligation or liability whatsoever with respect to the Escrow Funds.
(b) Notwithstanding, NCPS may terminate this Agreement for cause immediately without notice to Issuer Party upon: (i) fraud, malfeasance or willful misconduct by Issuer Party or any of their affiliates; (ii) conduct by Issuer Party or any of their affiliates that may jeopardize NCPS’s current business, prospective business or professional reputation; (iii) any material breach by Issuer Party of this Agreement if such breach is not cured within 10 days of receipt of written notice thereof (to the extent it can be cured), including, but not limited to, any failure to pay any amount under this Agreement when due; or (iv) if Issuer Party ceases regular operations or files any petition or commences any case or proceeding under any provision or chapter of the Federal Bankruptcy Act, the Federal Bankruptcy Code, or any other federal or state law relating to insolvency, bankruptcy or reorganization; the adjudication that Issuer Party is insolvent or bankrupt or the entry of an order for relief under the Federal Bankruptcy Code with respect to Issuer; an assignment for the benefit of creditors; the convening by Issuer Party of a meeting of its creditors, or any class thereof, for purposes of effecting a moratorium upon or extension or composition of its debts; or the failure of Issuer Party generally to pay its debts on a timely basis (“Bankruptcy Event”). Notwithstanding, Issuer Party may terminate this Agreement: (i) for cause immediately with notice to NCPS upon: (A) NCPS’s fraud, willful misconduct or gross negligence; (B) any material breach by NCPS of this Agreement if such breach is not cured within 10 days of receipt of written notice thereof (to the extent it can be cured); or (C) upon a Bankruptcy Event of NCPS; or (ii) with 30 days’ prior written notice to NCPS in the event of any increase in the amount of fees or expenses pursuant to Section 10(a) and Exhibit B and such increase is not either applicable to NCPS’s escrow services customers generally or reasonably related to the specific services being provided to Issuer Party. Any Party may terminate this Agreement for any other or no reason with 90 days’ prior written notice to each other Party.
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(c) No termination or expiration of this Agreement shall affect the ongoing obligations of Issuer Party to make payments to NCPS in accordance with the terms hereunder and such obligations shall survive. Issuer Party shall pay or shall cause to be paid all previously-accrued but not yet paid fees on receipt of NCPS’s invoice therefor or as otherwise set forth in Exhibit B, Section 9 or Section 10. In addition, Issuer Party shall remove any and all references to NCPS from any Offering Document, cease use of NCPS intellectual property and no longer refer to NCPS in connection with the Offering.
18. Dealings. NCPS and any stockholder, director, officer or employee of NCPS may buy, sell and deal in any of the securities of Issuer Party and become pecuniarily interested in any transaction in which Issuer Party may be interested, and contract and lend money to Issuer and otherwise act as fully and freely as though it were not the facilitator of escrow under this Agreement. Nothing herein shall preclude NCPS from acting in any other capacity for Issuer Party or any other entity.
19. Compliance with Law; Further Assurances. The Parties expressly agree that, to the extent that the existing law relating to this Agreement changes, and such change affects this Agreement, they will reform the affected portion of this Agreement to comply with the change. Each Party agrees to perform such further acts and execute such further documents as are necessary to effectuate the purposes of this Agreement.
| 20. | Choice of Law, Jurisdiction and Dispute Resolution. |
(a) This Agreement shall be governed by and construed under the laws of the State of Delaware, without giving effect to its choice of law, conflict of laws or “borrowing”, statutes, rules, principles and precedent. The Parties irrevocably consent to the exclusive jurisdiction of the state and federal courts located in the State of New York, County of New York.
(b) Each Party acknowledges and agrees that a breach or threatened breach by a Party of any of its obligations under this Agreement may cause any other Party irreparable harm for which monetary damages may not be an adequate remedy and agrees that, in the event of such breach or threatened breach, any other Party will be entitled to seek equitable relief, including a restraining order, an injunction, specific performance and any other relief that may be available from any court, without any requirement to post a bond or other security, or to prove actual damages or that monetary damages are not an adequate remedy. Such remedies and any other remedies set forth in this Agreement are not exclusive and are cumulative in addition to all other remedies that may be available at law, in equity or otherwise.
(c) TO THE FULLEST EXTENT PERMITTED BY LAW, EXCEPT FOR INELIGIBLE LOSSES, THE COLLECTIVE AGGREGATE LIABILITY OF THE NCPS PARTIES UNDER OR IN CONNECTION WITH THIS AGREEMENT OR ITS SUBJECT MATTER, TO ISSUER PARTY, ANY OTHER PARTY OR THIRD PARTY, UNDER ANY LEGAL OR EQUITABLE THEORY, WHETHER ARISING OUT OF TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE), BREACH OF CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, INDEMNIFICATION, BREACH OF STATUTORY DUTY, BREACH OF WARRANTY, RESTITUTION OR OTHERWISE, WHETHER BROUGHT DIRECTLY OR AS A THIRD PARTY CLAIM, SHALL BE LIMITED TO THE LESSER OF (A) $1,000 OR (B) THE AMOUNT OF FEES PAID BY ISSUER PARTY TO AND RECEIVED BY NCPS DURING THE SIX MONTHS PRECEDING THE DATE OF THE EVENT GIVING RISE TO THE ACCRUAL OF THE ACTION.
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(d) EACH PARTY IRREVOCABLY AND UNCONDITIONALLY WAIVES ANY RIGHT IT MAY HAVE TO A TRIAL BY JURY IN RESPECT OF ANY ACTION ARISING OUT OF OR RELATING TO THIS AGREEMENT OR THE TRANSACTIONS CONTEMPLATED HEREBY. To the full extent permitted by law, no legal proceeding shall be joined with any other or decided on a class-action basis.
(e) Subject to Section 20(c), in any Action, by which one Party either seeks to enforce this Agreement or seeks a declaration of any rights or obligations under this Agreement, the non-prevailing Party will pay the prevailing Party’s costs and expenses, including, but not limited to, reasonable attorneys’ fees.
(f) None of the NCPS Parties shall be liable to any Issuer Party or to anyone else for any special, exemplary, indirect, incidental, consequential or punitive damages of any kind or for any costs of procurement of substitution of services or any lost profits, lost business, trading losses, loss of use of data or interruption of business or services arising out of this Agreement, including, without limitation, any breach of this Agreement or any services performed, regardless of the basis of liability.
(g) All rights and remedies of any Party in this Agreement will be in addition to all other rights and remedies available at law or in equity.
21. Notices; Consent to Electronic Communications. All notices, requests, consents, claims, demands, waivers and other communications under this Agreement (“notices”) have binding legal effect only if in writing and addressed to a Party as set forth on the signature page hereto (or to such other address that such Party may designate from time to time in accordance with this Section 21). Notices sent in accordance with this Section 21 will be deemed effectively given: (a) when received, if delivered by hand, with signed confirmation of receipt; (b) when received, if sent by a nationally recognized overnight courier, signature required; (c) on the third day after the date mailed by certified or registered mail, return receipt requested, postage prepaid; or (d) upon receipt by recipient’s email system, if sent by email.
22. Severability. If any provision of this Agreement is invalid, illegal or unenforceable in any jurisdiction, such invalidity, illegality or unenforceability shall not affect any other provision of this Agreement or invalidate or render unenforceable such provision in any other jurisdiction. Upon such determination that any provision is invalid, illegal or unenforceable, the Parties shall negotiate in good faith to modify this Agreement so as to effect the original intent of the Parties as closely as possible in a mutually acceptable manner in order that the transactions contemplated by this Agreement be consummated as originally contemplated to the greatest extent possible.
23. Relationship of the Parties. Nothing contained in this Agreement shall be construed as creating any agency, partnership, joint venture or other form of joint enterprise, employment or fiduciary relationship between the Parties, and no Party shall have authority to contract for or bind any other Party in any manner whatsoever.
24. No Third Party Beneficiaries. Except as otherwise set forth in Section 9, this Agreement is for the sole benefit of the Parties and, subject to Section 14, their respective successors and assigns. Nothing herein, express or implied, is intended to or shall confer upon any other person or entity any legal or equitable right, benefit or remedy of any nature whatsoever under or by reason of this Agreement. NCPS Parties shall be third party beneficiaries as set forth in Section 9.
25. Interpretation; Headings and References. The Parties intend this Agreement to be construed without regard to any presumption or rule requiring construction or interpretation against the Party drafting an instrument or causing any instrument to be drafted. Further, the headings used in this Agreement and the references throughout to the policies and documents constituting this Agreement are for convenience only and are not intended to be used as an aid to interpretation. All such references are subject to the full text of such policies and documents.
26. Gender; Number. Words used herein, regardless of the number and gender specifically used, shall be deemed and construed to include any other number, singular or plural, and any other gender, masculine, feminine or neuter, as the context indicates is appropriate. If one or more persons or entities constitute “Issuer Party”, as defined in the introductory paragraph, references to “Issuer Party” in this Agreement shall include references to each Issuer Party individually, together and collectively, jointly and severally.
27. Intellectual Property; Confidential Information. All trademarks, service marks, patents, copyrights, trade secrets, confidential information, and other proprietary rights of each Party shall remain the exclusive property of such Party, whether or not specifically recognized or perfected under Law. No Party shall use, disclose or retain confidential information (including personally identifiable information or other account information) of any other Party or any third parties that such Party or its affiliates or their employees, directors, officers, consultants, independent contractors, advisors and auditors may receive or otherwise have access to in connection with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement except as contemplated by this Agreement or the performance hereof. Each Party may retain copies of and disclose any data or information collected from or on behalf of any other Party as required in connection with legal, financial or regulatory filings, audits, discussions or examinations or as required by Law.
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28. Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in counterparts, each of which is deemed an original, but all of which together are deemed to be one and the same agreement. Upon execution and delivery of a counterpart to this Agreement by the Parties, each Party shall be bound by this Agreement. A signed copy of this Agreement by facsimile, email or other means of electronic transmission or signature is deemed to have the same legal effect as delivery of an original signed copy of this Agreement.
29. Anti-Money Laundering.
(a) Issuer Party acknowledges that NCPS is subject to U.S. federal Law, including the CIP requirements under the USA PATRIOT Act and its implementing regulations, pursuant to which NCPS must obtain, verify and record information that allows NCPS to identify customers of NCPS opening accounts. Accordingly, NCPS will ask Issuer Party to provide, and Issuer Party shall provide upon NCPS’s request, certain information, including, but not limited to, name, physical address, tax identification number, organizational documents, certificates of good standing, financial statements, licenses to do business and other information that will help NCPS to identify and verify a person’s identity.
(b) The Parties agree to comply with all applicable anti-money laundering Law and government guidance, including the reporting, recordkeeping and compliance requirements of the Bank Secrecy Act, as amended by the International Money Laundering Abatement and Financial Anti-Terrorism Act of 2002, Title III of the USA PATRIOT Act, its implementing regulations, and related SEC, state regulatory organizations and FINRA rules. Each Party shall comply with all other anti-money laundering Law outside of the U.S. applicable to such Party or such Party’s activities under this Agreement. NCPS is entitled to rely on Issuer Party’s CIP, anti-money laundering program and OFAC Sanctions Compliance Program, and upon NCPS’s request, Issuer Party shall provide customary certifications with respect thereto.
| 30. | Privacy. |
(a) Each Party agrees any non-public personal information (as defined in Regulation S-P of the SEC) disclosed to it in connection with this Agreement is being disclosed for the specific purpose of permitting such Party to perform such Party’s obligations and the services set forth in this Agreement. Each Party agrees that, with respect to such information, it will comply with all applicable U.S. privacy Law (including, without limitation, as applicable to the Party, Regulation S-P of the SEC and the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act (15 U.S.C § 6081 et seq.)) and it will not disclose any non-public personal information received in connection with this Agreement to any other party (except to the other Party), except to the extent required to carry out this Agreement or as otherwise permitted or required by Law. Each Party shall comply with all other privacy Law outside of the U.S. applicable to such Party or such Party’s activities in connection with this Agreement.
(b) In relation to each Party’s performance of this Agreement, each Party shall, as applicable to such Party: (a) comply with all applicable requirements of Data Privacy Law (as defined below), when collecting, using, retaining or disclosing personal information; (b) limit personal information collection, use, retention and disclosure to activities reasonably necessary and proportionate to the performance of this Agreement or other compatible operational purpose; (c) only collect, use, retain or disclose personal information collected in connection with this Agreement; (d) not collect, use, retain, disclose, sell or otherwise make personal information available for such Party’s own commercial purposes or in a way that does not comply with Data Privacy Law; (e) promptly comply with another Party’s request or instruction requiring such Party to provide, amend, transfer or delete the personal information, or to stop, mitigate, or remedy any unauthorized processing; (f) reasonably cooperate and assist another Party in meeting any compliance obligations and responding to related inquiries, including responding to verifiable consumer requests, taking into account the nature of such Party’s processing and the information available to such Party; and (g) notify each other Party immediately if it receives any complaint, notice or communication that directly or indirectly relates to any Party’s compliance in connection with this Agreement. For purposes of this Agreement, “Data Privacy Law” means applicable local, state, national and international laws, rules, regulations and orders of any governmental, judicial, regulatory or enforcement authority or self-regulatory organization regarding consumer data privacy rights.
31. Citations. Any reference to Law are current citations. Any changes in the citations (whether or not there are any changes in the text of such Law) shall be automatically incorporated into this Agreement.
[Signatures appear on following page(s).]
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In witness whereof, the Parties have duly executed this Agreement effective as of the Effective Date.
| Effective Date: | ||
| Offering Name: | CalTier Fund I LP | |
| Minimum Offering: | $0.00 | |
| Total Offering Amount: | $72,000,000.00 |
| Offering Exemption: | · | Rule 506(b) of Regulation D | · | Rule 506(c) of Regulation D | x | Regulation A |
| · | Regulation Crowdfunding | |||||
ISSUER (If a Series LLC, include both the Series and the Series LLC):
| Entity Name: | CalTier Fund I LP | Entity Name: | ||
| Jurisdiction: | Delaware | Jurisdiction: | ||
| By: | /s/ Travis Hook | By: | ||
| (Signature) | ||||
| Name: | Travis Hook | Name: | ||
| Title: | Managing Partner | Title: | ||
| Date: | Date: | |||
| Email: | Email: | |||
| With a copy to: | With a copy to: | |||
| Address: | 5965 Village Way, Ste 105-142 | Address: | ||
| San Diego, CA 92130 | ||||
| Phone No.: | Phone No.: | |||
| MANAGER: | NCPS: | |||
| Entity Name: | Dalmore Group LLC | North Capital Private Securities Corporation | ||
| Jurisdiction: | New York | Jurisdiction: | Delaware | |
| By: | By: | |||
| Name: | Name: | |||
| Title: | Chairman | Title: | ||
| Date: | 1/31/2024 | Date: | 1/31/2024 | |
| Email: | Email: | |||
| With a copy to: | ||||
| Address: | 525 Green Place | |||
| Woodmere, New York 11598 | ||||
| Phone No.: | Address: | |||
By signing below, Castle Placement, LLC (“Prior Manager”) acknowledges and agrees that: (i) Prior Manager shall not be an “Issuer Party”, “Manager”, “Party” or otherwise a party to or entitled to the rights, preferences or privileges under this Amended and Restated Escrow Agreement; and (ii) with respect to all of Prior Manager’s obligations, duties, liabilities and commitments under that certain Escrow Agreement, dated as of July 25, 2022, by and among NCPS, Issuer and Prior Manager (“Prior Agreement”), such obligations, duties, liabilities and commitments survive the amendment and restatement of the Prior Agreement by this Amended and Restated Escrow Agreement, and Prior Manager shall remain obligated thereunder.
Castle Placement, LLC
| By: | ||
| Name: | Richard Luftig | |
| Title: | Managing Partner | |
| Date: |
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EXHIBIT A
CONTINGENT OFFERING
If the Offering is a contingent offering as this term is referenced under Rule 15c2-4 of the Exchange Act (“Rule”), the distribution is being made with the express understanding that Escrow Funds are not to be released to Issuer until some further event or contingency occurs, as described in this Exhibit A, in accordance with the Rule.
Investor funds will be promptly deposited in a separate bank escrow account, with NCPS serving as agent for the persons who have the beneficial interests therein, until the appropriate event or contingency has occurred.
Upon certification that all contingencies have been met, the Escrow Funds will be promptly distributed to Issuer. If the contingencies fail to be satisfied as required by the Offering, the Escrow Funds will be returned to the persons or entities entitled thereto.
The following contingencies apply to the Offering (please check all that apply):
| ¨ | None. | |
| x | Issuer KYC, AML, and Bad Actor Check screening are complete for Issuer and all Control Persons of Issuer. | |
| ¨ | Certain listed events will have occurred prior to closing (please specify): | |
| ¨ | Other contingencies (please describe): | |

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EXHIBIT B
| FEES AND EXPENSES | ||
| Escrow Administration Fee:* | $575 set-up and administration for 12 months (or partial period); | |
| $250 for each additional 12 months (or partial period) | ||
| Issuer Routable Account Number: | $150 per month | |
| Out-of-Pocket Expenses:** | Billed at cost | |
| Check Handling: | $10.00 per check (incoming/outgoing) | |
| Transactional Costs:*** | $100.00 for each additional escrow break | |
| $150.00 for each escrow amendment | ||
| $100.00 for reprocessing a closing | ||
| $250.00 per hour for extraordinary return reconciliation and processing | ||
| Wire Handling: | $25.00 per domestic wire (incoming/outgoing) | |
| $45.00 per international wire (incoming/outgoing) | ||
| ACH Disbursements: | 0.15% on the amount transferred | |
| ACH Dispute/Chargeback: | $50.00 per reversal/chargeback | |
| ACH Failure Return Fee: | $1.50 per failure/return | |
| Plaid Bank Verification Fee:**** | $1.80 per linked account | |
| Credit Card Transaction Fees Percentage Rate:**** | 3.15% on the amount transferred | |
| Credit Card Transaction Fees Base Rate:**** | $0.70 per each transaction | |
| Credit Card Dispute/Chargeback Fee:**** | $50.00 per reversal/chargeback | |
| Bad Actor Checks:***** | $100.00 per covered person | |
Issuer Party shall pay NCPS the Escrow Administration Fee upon execution of this Agreement. In the event the escrow is not funded, the Fee and all related expenses, including attorneys’ fees, remain due and payable, and once paid, will not be refunded. Annual fees cover a full year in advance, or any part thereof, and thus are not pro-rated in the year of termination.
Issuer Party shall pay all fees and expenses (including, without limitation, payment for or reimbursement of any uncollectible Cash Investment Instruments or chargebacks, reversals or other amounts) immediately upon NCPS’s demand, or at NCPS’s option, NCPS may deduct such fees from any disbursement of Escrow Funds from the Escrow Account as provided in Section 10(d).
The fees quoted in this schedule apply to services ordinarily rendered in the administration of an Escrow Account and are subject to reasonable adjustment based on final review of documents, or when NCPS is called upon to undertake unusual duties or responsibilities, or as changes in law, procedures, or the cost of doing business demand. Services in addition to and not contemplated in this Agreement, including, but not limited to, document amendments and revisions, non-standard cash and/or investment transactions, calculations, notices and reports and legal fees, will be billed as extraordinary expenses and capped at $15,000 (except as provided by Section 9).
Extraordinary fees are payable to NCPS for duties or responsibilities not expected to be incurred at the outset of the transaction, not routine or customary, and not incurred in the ordinary course of business. Payment of extraordinary fees is appropriate where particular inquiries, events or developments are unexpected, even if the possibility of such things could have been identified at the inception of the transaction.
Unless otherwise indicated, the above fees relate to the establishment of one escrow account. Additional sub-accounts governed by the same Escrow Agreement may incur an additional charge. Transaction costs include charges for wire transfers, ACHs, checks, internal transfers and securities transactions.
NCPS may increase the amounts set forth in this Exhibit B by providing written notice to Issuer Party such increase to be effective as of such notice, and the fees will be deemed amended accordingly without further notice or consent; provided that Issuer Party may terminate this Agreement pursuant to Section 17.
NCPS may submit any payment information provided to it by an Issuer Party in connection with this Agreement against any fees due from such Issuer Party. Each Issuer Party consents to NCPS retaining and using such payment information for future invoices and as provided in this Agreement. All payments shall be in US dollars in immediately available funds.
*Escrow Administration Fee includes KYC and AML due diligence for up to three entities for a single escrow account. If the escrow account under review has more than two control entities associated with the issuing entity, a $25 fee will be assessed for each additional entity review.
17
**Out-Of-Pocket Expenses include any custom features or additional work that the North Capital team may need to perform. These fees are uncommon and will be disclosed in such cases prior to invoicing.
***Reprocessing fees apply if a closing is submitted but not ready to be processed (including, but not limited to, Flow of Funds not complete or funds not settled in escrow).
****If applicable to the Offering and subject to the terms and conditions for NCPS’s payment processing facilitation services.
*****Covered persons include, but are not limited to, the issuer, directors, general partners, managing members, executive officers, 20% beneficial owners, and promoters connected to the issuer. A complete list of covered persons can be found at https://www.sec.gov/info/smallbus/secg/bad-actor-small-entity-compliance-guide#part2.
******The fees payable under this Agreement, plus the other relevant fees, attributable to any public offering (including any interest thereon), shall be capped at an aggregate amount not to exceed as permitted by applicable FINRA rules.
ALL FEES AND EXPENSES PAID TO NCPS ARE NON-REFUNDABLE ABSENT ERROR OR MISTAKE.
18
Exhibit 11.1
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PKF San Diego, LLP 2020 Camino del Rio North, Suite 1000 San Diego, CA 92108 www.pkfsandiego.com |
Consent of Independent Auditor
We consent to the use, in the Offering Statement on Form 1-A of CalTier Fund I, LP, a Delaware limited partnership, of our report dated May 12, 2023 on our audits of the statements of financial condition as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, and the related statements of operations, changes in partners’ capital (deficit) and cash flows for the years then ended, and the related notes to the financial statements.
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| San Diego, California | PKF San Diego, LLP |
February 12, 2024
PKF San Diego, LLP is a member of PKF Global, the network of member firms of PKF International Limited, and Allinial Global, each of which is a separate and independent legal entity and does not accept any responsibility or liability for the actions or inactions of any individual member or correspondent firm(s).
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